A dynamic treatment method for railway tunnel granite alteration zone based on quantification grading

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of railway tunnel granite alteration zone dynamic treatment methods based on quantification grading, it is related to railway tunnel engineering construction technical field, comprising the following steps: quantification grading is carried out to granite alteration zone, and the corresponding dynamic engineering measure library is established;Based on dynamic engineering measure library, the quantity of three kinds of engineering caused by alteration zone is extracted, and the additional cost is calculated using the fixed quota increase coefficient method to compensate for alteration zone construction.The application quantifies grading, measurement, pricing whole process with the help of table and formula to reduce subjective randomness, forms closed-loop management of geological identification, engineering technology and engineering economy, and realizes informatization dynamic construction with the supporting dynamically adjustable measure library and measurement model, and the constructed fixed quota increase fee model can provide fair and scientific calculation basis for engineering change, budget cleaning and resolve cost dispute.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of railway tunnel engineering construction technology, and more specifically, to a dynamic treatment method for granite alteration zones in railway tunnels based on quantitative grading. Background Technology

[0002] Railway tunnels in geologically active areas often traverse altered granite zones formed by multiple intrusive phases. These rock masses are scattered, diverse in type, uneven in integrity, and locally water-rich, making it difficult to accurately determine their development characteristics through conventional exploration. Construction is prone to inducing disasters such as water inrush, mudslides, collapses, and support instability, endangering construction safety, delaying the project, and significantly increasing costs. Currently, the industry lacks a dedicated quantitative geological classification system for granite alteration zones. Design and construction rely heavily on experience, resulting in poor adaptability of treatment plans and a tendency for conservative and wasteful measures or weak support leading to disasters. Furthermore, the absence of specific pricing quotas makes it difficult to calculate the incremental costs of over-excavation, backfilling, reinforcement, and disaster management caused by alteration zones, leading to frequent settlement disputes. At present, there is a lack of integrated technical methods for alteration zone identification, quantitative classification, dynamic treatment, and cost calculation. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems, the present invention aims to provide a dynamic treatment method for granite alteration zones in railway tunnels based on quantitative grading, thereby resolving safety, technical, and economic issues in the construction of tunnels with granite alteration zones.

[0004] To achieve the above technical objectives, this application provides a dynamic treatment method for granite alteration zones in railway tunnels based on quantitative grading, comprising the following steps:

[0005] The alteration zones of granite are quantitatively classified and a corresponding dynamic engineering measures database is established.

[0006] Based on the dynamic engineering measures library, the quantities of three types of engineering caused by the alteration zone are extracted, and the additional costs are calculated using the quota increase coefficient method to compensate for the construction of the alteration zone.

[0007] Preferably, when quantitatively classifying the alteration zones of granite, the classification is based on the cystic alteration type, the excavated cross-sectional area, and the width of the alteration strips, forming a four-level quantitative classification standard.

[0008] Preferably, when obtaining the four-level quantitative grading standard, the four-level quantitative grading standard includes:

[0009] Slight alteration can be determined by either the alteration band width being less than 10cm or the rock mass only exhibiting planar alteration.

[0010] Moderate alteration is defined as an alteration band width greater than or equal to 10 cm.

[0011] Severe alteration is defined as the area occupied by cystic alteration features being less than 1 / 2 of the total cross-sectional area of ​​the tunnel excavation, coupled with underdeveloped groundwater in the area and only a small amount of seepage.

[0012] Extremely severe alteration can be determined by meeting any of the following conditions:

[0013] (1) The area of ​​the cystic alteration features accounts for 1 / 2 or more of the cross-sectional area of ​​the tunnel excavation;

[0014] (2) The area of ​​the sac-like alteration is less than 1 / 2 of the excavation section, but the section is rich in groundwater and has abundant water volume;

[0015] (3) During the tunnel construction phase, even with the implementation of reinforced support measures, collapses and structural defects such as encroachment on the support structure still occur.

[0016] Preferably, when constructing the dynamic engineering measures database, advanced support, initial support reinforcement, and supporting control measures are matched for the four levels of granite alteration zones: slight, moderate, severe, and extremely severe, in order to construct the dynamic engineering measures database.

[0017] Preferably, when constructing the dynamic engineering measures database, the measures are dynamically adjusted in conjunction with advanced geological forecasting and monitoring data during implementation to construct the dynamic engineering measures database.

[0018] Preferably, when extracting the quantities of the three types of works caused by the alteration zone, the quantities of over-excavation and backfilling caused by the loosening ring, the increments caused by the adjustment of the reserved deformation amount, and the backfilling amount of pumped concrete from the sudden cavity are extracted as the quantities of the three types of works.

[0019] Preferably, when obtaining the over-excavation and backfill volume caused by the loosening ring, the over-excavation and backfill volume caused by the loosening ring is obtained based on the cross-sectional area of ​​the outer contour of the loosening ring, the design excavation cross-sectional area after adjusting the reserved deformation amount, and the length of the treated section.

[0020] Preferably, when obtaining the increment caused by the adjustment of the reserved deformation amount, the increment caused by the adjustment of the reserved deformation amount is obtained based on the original design excavation cross-sectional area, the area of ​​the initial support shotcrete after adjustment compared with the original design, the measured area of ​​the secondary lining concrete compared with the original design, and the amount of secondary lining concrete backfill.

[0021] Preferably, when obtaining the amount of concrete pumped to backfill the surge cavity, the amount of concrete pumped to backfill the surge cavity is calculated based on the actual volume of concrete used to handle each confirmed surge event.

[0022] Preferably, when calculating additional costs, the additional costs are expressed as follows:

[0023] C=(∑(Q×H labor )×P labor ×K labor+∑(Q×H machine )×P machine ×K machine )×(1+T)

[0024] Where: C is the total amount of the quota surcharge; Q is the quantity of work for the i-th quota sub-item; H labor and H machine These represent the labor man-days and machine-hours consumed for the corresponding quota items; P labor and P machine These are the unit price of labor and the unit price of machinery shifts during the compilation period, respectively; K labor and K machine These are the manual and mechanical adjustment factors linked to the alteration level, respectively, and T is the applicable tax rate.

[0025] Based on the same inventive concept, this invention also discloses a dynamic treatment system for granite alteration zones in railway tunnels based on quantitative grading, comprising:

[0026] The quantitative classification and treatment module is used to quantitatively classify granite alteration zones and establish a corresponding dynamic engineering measures library.

[0027] The compensation module is used to extract the quantities of three types of engineering works caused by the alteration zone based on the dynamic engineering measures library, calculate the additional costs using the quota increase coefficient method, and compensate for the construction of the alteration zone.

[0028] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0029] This invention quantifies the entire process of grading, measurement, and pricing through tables and formulas, greatly reducing the arbitrariness of subjective judgment.

[0030] This invention seamlessly integrates geological identification (grading), engineering technology (measures library), and engineering economics (quantification model, cost calculation), forming a closed-loop management system.

[0031] The measure library and measurement model designed in this invention can be dynamically adjusted according to the situation revealed on site, realizing information-based and dynamic construction.

[0032] The fixed-rate surcharge model proposed in this invention provides a scientific, transparent, and universally accepted calculation basis for engineering changes and budget clearing, effectively resolving cost disputes. Attached Figure Description

[0033] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the method described in this invention.

[0035] Figure 2 This is a typical cross-sectional view of the engineering quantity calculation model described in this invention (taking a severely altered granite cross-section as an example).

[0036] Figure 3 This is the original design cross-sectional view of the engineering quantity calculation model described in this invention, wherein the original design excavation cross-sectional area (m²) is Ao, the initial support shotcrete area (m²) is So, and the secondary lining concrete area (m²) is Lo.

[0037] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the engineering quantity calculation model described in this invention after adjusting the reserved deformation amount, wherein the excavation cross-sectional area (m²) after adjusting the reserved deformation amount is... 2 ) represents Ad, and the area of ​​initial support shotcrete (m²) 2 ) represents Sd, and the area of ​​the secondary lining concrete (m²) 2 ) is Ld.

[0038] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the loosening circle in the engineering quantity calculation model described in this invention, wherein the cross-sectional area of ​​the outer contour of the loosening circle (m²) 2 ) is Ac.

[0039] Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating the calculation logic of the fixed-amount additional fee as described in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0040] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely represents selected embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, this invention provides a dynamic treatment method for granite alteration zones in railway tunnels based on quantitative grading. This method sequentially addresses the safety, technical, and economic issues in tunnel construction with granite alteration zones by quantitatively grading the granite alteration zones, constructing a graded dynamic engineering measures library, designing an accurate measurement model for engineering quantities, and calculating a fixed-quota increase fee.

[0042] In one embodiment, a quantitative classification process for granite alteration zones was performed. A four-level quantitative classification standard based on key discrimination indicators was established according to the cystic alteration type, the excavation cross-sectional area, and the width of the alteration strip, as shown in Table 1.

[0043] Table 1

[0044] Extremely serious 1. Sac-like erosion features ≥ 1 / 2 of the excavated cross-sectional area; 2. Sac-like erosion features < 1 / 2 of the excavated cross-sectional area, but rich in groundwater; 3. Collapse or encroachment still occurs despite the adoption of reinforced support during construction. serious The volume of the cystic alteration is less than 1 / 2 of the excavated cross-sectional area, and groundwater is underdeveloped or only seepage occurs. moderate The width of the alteration stripe is ≥10cm. slight The alteration bands are less than 10 cm wide or are only planar alterations.

[0045] For example, as shown in Table 1, the present invention classifies granite alteration into four levels: slight, moderate, severe, and extremely severe. The criteria for determining each level are as follows:

[0046] Slight alteration: It can be determined if either the width of the alteration band is less than 10cm or the rock mass only has planar alteration.

[0047] Moderate alteration: The criterion is that the width of the alteration strip is greater than or equal to 10cm.

[0048] Severe alteration: The area occupied by cystic alteration is less than 1 / 2 of the total cross-sectional area of ​​the tunnel excavation, and the groundwater in the area is not developed, with only a small amount of seepage. If this combination of conditions is met, it is considered severe alteration.

[0049] Extremely severe alteration: can be determined if any of the following conditions are met:

[0050] (1) The area of ​​the cystic alteration features accounts for 1 / 2 or more of the cross-sectional area of ​​the tunnel excavation;

[0051] (2) The area of ​​the sac-like alteration is less than 1 / 2 of the excavation section, but the section is rich in groundwater and has abundant water volume;

[0052] (3) During the tunnel construction phase, even with the implementation of reinforced support measures, collapses and structural defects such as encroachment on the support structure still occur.

[0053] In one implementation, a hierarchical dynamic engineering measures library is constructed. Based on the constructed four-level quantitative grading standard, a corresponding dynamic engineering measures library is established, as shown in Table 2. The implementation of these measures needs to be dynamically adjusted in conjunction with advanced geological forecasting and monitoring data.

[0054] Table 2

[0055] Extremely serious Double-layered small pipes / medium-length pipe sheds within a 180° range; denser circumferential spacing. Significantly improve the stiffness of the steel frame (e.g., I18→I20); significantly increase the spacing (e.g., 1.0m→0.6m). Allow for the maximum allowable deformation or add an additional amount; always keep emergency counter-pressure supplies on the working face. serious 180° range single-layer small pipe / pipe shed. Increase the rigidity of the steel frame or reduce the spacing (e.g., from 1.2m to 1.0m). Adjust the allowable deformation amount based on monitoring. moderate Local or standard parameters are ahead of the small catheter. Appropriately strengthen the support parameters (e.g., adjust the grating to steel profile). Increase the frequency of monitoring and measurement. slight Construction shall be carried out in accordance with conventional design and procedures. Construction shall be carried out in accordance with conventional design and procedures. Strengthen geological observation.

[0056] For example, as shown in Table 2, the present invention provides advanced support, initial support reinforcement, and supporting control measures for four levels of granite alteration zones: slight, moderate, severe, and extremely severe, as detailed below:

[0057] Slight alteration: Both the advanced support and the initial support were constructed in accordance with conventional design standards; other key measures included strengthening geological observation work at the working face.

[0058] Moderate erosion: Advance support adopts localized or standard-parameter advanced small guide pipes; the initial support strength is appropriately increased, for example, the grid steel frame is replaced with a steel section frame; the supporting measures are to increase the frequency of tunnel monitoring and measurement.

[0059] Severe alteration: Advance support is provided by laying a single layer of small guide pipes or pipe roofs within a 180° range along the arch; initial support can be strengthened by either increasing the rigidity of the steel frame or reducing the spacing of the steel frame, such as reducing the spacing of the steel frame from 1.2m to 1.0m; supporting measures are combined with on-site surrounding rock monitoring data to dynamically adjust the allowable deformation of the support.

[0060] Extremely severe corrosion: Advanced support is provided with double-layer small pipes or medium-length pipe sheds within a 180° range of the arch, and the circumferential spacing is increased; the initial support is double-strengthened, on the one hand significantly improving the rigidity of the steel frame, such as replacing I18 steel with I20 steel, and on the other hand significantly reducing the spacing of the steel frame, such as from 1.0m to 0.6m; the supporting key measures include two aspects, one is to select the upper limit of the design for the deformation of the support or to increase the reserve value, and the other is to keep emergency counter-pressure rescue materials readily available at the working face.

[0061] In one implementation, such as Figure 2 As shown, a precise measurement model for the design engineering quantity is presented.

[0062] For example, based on the three types of engineering quantities caused by the alteration zone, an accurate measurement model is constructed according to the measurement process of the original design section → adjusted design section (considering the increase of reserved deformation) → actual section of the loosening ring.

[0063] For example, the precise measurement model includes the over-excavation and backfill volume Q1 caused by the loosening ring, the increment Q2 caused by the adjustment of the reserved deformation volume, and the backfill volume Q3 of the pumped concrete in the sudden cavity.

[0064] For example, the over-excavation and backfilling volume (Q1) caused by the loosening ring is expressed as:

[0065] Q1 = L × (Ac - Ad)

[0066] Where: L represents the length of the processed segment (m); Ac represents the cross-sectional area of ​​the outer contour of the loosening ring (m²). 2 )like Figure 5 As shown; Ad represents the designed excavation cross-sectional area (m²) after adjusting for the allowable deformation. 2 Q1 indicates that both the over-excavated earthwork and the backfill shotcrete volume are counted simultaneously.

[0067] For example, such as Figures 3 to 4As shown, the increment (Q2) caused by the adjustment of the reserved deformation amount is expressed as:

[0068] Q2=L×[(Ad-Ao)+(Sd-So)+(Ld-Lo)]

[0069] Where Ao represents the original designed excavation cross-sectional area (m²) 2 Sd and So represent the adjusted and original initial support shotcrete areas (m²) respectively. 2 Ld and Lo represent the measured and original design areas of the secondary lining concrete, respectively (m²). 2 The difference (Ld-Lo) represents the amount of secondary lining concrete backfill; Q2 indicates that it includes the increments of excavation, shotcrete, and secondary lining.

[0070] For example, the amount of concrete pumped to fill the cavity during a sudden inrush (Q3) is expressed as:

[0071] Q3=∑V i

[0072] Where ∑V i The volume of concrete used in handling each sudden surge incident, as confirmed on-site by the supervising unit (m³). 3 ), and list according to the actual situation.

[0073] In one implementation, such as Figure 6 As shown, a calculation model for the additional cost of the quota is designed. The additional cost is calculated using the quota increase coefficient method to compensate for the reduced work efficiency caused by the construction of the alteration zone. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0074] C=(∑(Q×H labor )×P labor ×K labor +∑(Q×H machine )×P machine ×K machine )×(1+T)

[0075] Where: C is the total amount of the quota surcharge; Q is the quantity of work for the i-th quota sub-item (such as excavation volume, lining volume); H labor and H machine These represent the labor man-days and machine-hours consumed for the corresponding quota items; P labor and P machine These are the unit price of labor and the unit price of machinery shifts during the compilation period, respectively; K labor and K machine The manual and mechanical adjustment coefficients linked to the etching level are shown in Table 3; T is the applicable tax rate.

[0076] Table 3 Example of Quota Increase Coefficient (K Value)

[0077] Extremely serious 0.60 0.50 This indicates decreased work efficiency and increased consumption by 60% and 50%, respectively. serious 0.45 0.35 moderate 0.30 0.25 slight 0.15 0.10

[0078] Example: This example was comprehensively applied in a railway tunnel project, effectively guiding the construction, treatment, and cost management of granite alteration zones. The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0079] 1. Project Overview and Data Basis: A total of 12 tunnels along the railway line reveal granite, with a total length of 40.41 km, accounting for 25.96% of the total tunnel length; the granite section in the auxiliary tunnel is 9265 m long; except for 2 short tunnels, the granite alteration sections along the entire line are statistically analyzed in detail according to the standards of this invention, and the cumulative length of each level is shown in Table 4.

[0080] Table 4. Summary Table of Grading Section Lengths of Granite Alteration Zones along a Certain Railway Line

[0081] Tunnel 1 1295 1525 469 170 3459 Tunnel 2 652 570 6 0 1228 Tunnel 3 788 3322 1833 20 5963 Tunnel 4 320 1861 549 0 2730 Tunnel 5 0 0 410 890 1300 Tunnel 6 0 0 620 226 846 Tunnel 7 1047 772 273 75 2167 Tunnel 8 3514 2837 1188 643 8182 Tunnel 9 809 1430 908 315 3462 Tunnel 10 375 1232 180 40 1827 Total 8800 13549 5406 1263 29018

[0082] 2. Specific implementation process (taking the extremely severe section of a mountain tunnel from DK121+630 to +680 as an example)

[0083] Step 1: Geological Identification and Quantitative Grading: When construction reached mileage DK121+650, a large area of ​​sac-like alteration features was revealed at the working face, accounting for about 60% of the excavation section, and there was a stream of water inflow; the on-site geological engineer judged according to Table 1: if both the core indicators of "sac-like alteration features reaching 1 / 2 or more" and "water-rich" were met, the section was immediately judged to be of the "extremely severe" level.

[0084] Step Two: Invoke the Dynamic Measures Library and Dynamic Design: Based on the corresponding measures for the "Extremely Severe" level in Table 2, immediately implement the following solutions: Advanced Support: Change the original ordinary small guide pipe to a "double-layer φ42 advanced grouting small guide pipe within the 180° range of the arch", with the circumferential spacing increased to 20cm; Initial Support: Change the original 1.0m spacing grid steel frame to an I18 type steel frame with a spacing of 0.6m; Deformation Allowance: Adjust the original 10cm deformation allowance to 25cm; The design unit shall promptly issue revised design drawings based on the level and measures confirmed on-site.

[0085] Step 3: Quantity Measurement: After the construction of this section is completed and the deformation stabilizes, a cross-section scan is performed to obtain the measured data: Original design excavation cross-sectional area: Ao = 66.6m² 2 The adjusted excavation cross-sectional area Ad = 70.99 m² 2 (Due to increased allowable deformation); Actual contour area of ​​the loose ring: Ac = 79.47m² 2 Measured area of ​​the initial support outline: Ld = 13.63 m² 2 The original design had an outer contour area Lo = 11.7 m². 2 .

[0086] Cost calculation using the measurement model of this invention: Reserved deformation adjustment increment: Excavation increment: Q 2a =50m×(70.99-66.6)m 2 =219.5m 3 Secondary lining backfill volume: Q 2c =50m×(13.63-11.7)m 2 =96.5m 3 Over-excavation and backfill volume of loose ring: Q1 = 50m × (79.47 - 70.99)m 2 =424m 3 (This amount is also counted as the amount of shotcrete backfill.)

[0087] Step 4: Calculation of Additional Costs: Based on the "Extremely Severe" level of this paragraph, refer to Table 3 to obtain: Klabor = 0.60, Kmachine = 0.50; Taking the excavation item as an example, assume the cost is (example): Labor: Hlabor = 20 man-days / 100m 3 Machinery: Hmachine = 15 shifts / 100m 3 The daily work rate is calculated as follows: Labor = 100 yuan / workday; the machine-shift work rate is calculated as: Machine = 500 yuan / machine-shift; therefore, for Q1 = 424m 3 The additional fee for over-excavation is: C 开挖 =[(424 / 100×20×100×0.60)+(424 / 100×15×500×0.50)]×(1+9%). Calculate the additional costs for all project sub-items using this method and sum them up; this is the total additional cost for that section.

[0088] 3. Implementation Results: Through the full application of this invention, a railway project achieved the following: Safety and Control: Scientific classification and precise treatment of approximately 29 kilometers of alteration zones effectively curbed large-scale collapse accidents and ensured construction safety; Technical Standardization: A standardized process from identification and assessment to treatment was established, avoiding arbitrariness in on-site handling and improving project quality; Economic Clarity: An indisputable technical and measurement basis was provided for the final clearing of the estimated investment of approximately 560 million yuan, enabling the smooth completion of cost processing.

[0089] This example demonstrates that the present invention is a complete set of technologies that combines theoretical innovation and engineering practicality, and can be widely promoted and applied in similar projects.

[0090] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0091] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0092] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A method for dynamic treatment of granite alteration zones in railway tunnels based on quantitative grading, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The alteration zones of granite are quantitatively classified and a corresponding dynamic engineering measures database is established. Based on the aforementioned dynamic engineering measures library, the quantities of three types of engineering projects caused by the alteration zone are extracted, and the additional costs are calculated using the quota increase coefficient method to compensate for the construction of the alteration zone.

2. The method for dynamic treatment of granite alteration zones in railway tunnels based on quantitative grading as described in claim 1, characterized in that: When quantitatively classifying the alteration zones of granite, a four-level quantitative classification standard is formed based on the bladder-like alteration type, the excavated cross-sectional area, and the width of the alteration strips.

3. The method for dynamic treatment of granite alteration zones in railway tunnels based on quantitative grading as described in claim 2, characterized in that: When obtaining the four-level quantitative grading standard, the four-level quantitative grading standard includes: Slight alteration can be determined by either the alteration band width being less than 10cm or the rock mass only exhibiting planar alteration. Moderate alteration is defined as an alteration band width greater than or equal to 10 cm. Severe alteration is defined as the area occupied by cystic alteration features being less than 1 / 2 of the total cross-sectional area of ​​the tunnel excavation, coupled with underdeveloped groundwater in the area and only a small amount of seepage. Extremely severe alteration can be determined by meeting any of the following conditions: (1) The area of ​​the cystic alteration features accounts for 1 / 2 or more of the cross-sectional area of ​​the tunnel excavation; (2) The area of ​​the sac-like alteration is less than 1 / 2 of the excavation section, but the section is rich in groundwater and has abundant water volume; (3) During the tunnel construction phase, even with the implementation of reinforced support measures, collapses and structural defects such as encroachment on the support structure still occur.

4. The method for dynamic treatment of granite alteration zones in railway tunnels based on quantitative grading as described in claim 1, characterized in that: When constructing the dynamic engineering measures library, advanced support, initial support reinforcement and supporting control measures are matched for four levels of granite alteration zones: slight, moderate, severe and extremely severe, in order to construct the dynamic engineering measures library.

5. The method for dynamic treatment of granite alteration zones in railway tunnels based on quantitative grading as described in claim 4, characterized in that: When constructing the dynamic engineering measures library, the measures are dynamically adjusted in conjunction with advanced geological forecasting and monitoring data during implementation in order to construct the dynamic engineering measures library.

6. The method for dynamic treatment of granite alteration zones in railway tunnels based on quantitative grading as described in claim 1, characterized in that: When extracting the quantities of the three types of engineering caused by the alteration zone, the quantities of over-excavation and backfilling caused by the loosening ring, the increments caused by the adjustment of the reserved deformation amount, and the backfilling of the pumped concrete in the sudden cavity are extracted as the quantities of the three types of engineering.

7. The method for dynamic treatment of granite alteration zones in railway tunnels based on quantitative grading as described in claim 6, characterized in that: When obtaining the over-excavation and backfill volume caused by the loosening ring, the over-excavation and backfill volume caused by the loosening ring is obtained based on the cross-sectional area of ​​the outer contour of the loosening ring, the design excavation cross-sectional area after adjusting the reserved deformation amount, and the length of the treated section.

8. The method for dynamic treatment of granite alteration zones in railway tunnels based on quantitative grading as described in claim 6, characterized in that: When obtaining the increment caused by the adjustment of the reserved deformation amount, the increment caused by the adjustment of the reserved deformation amount is obtained based on the original design excavation section area, the area of ​​the initial support shotcrete after adjustment compared with the original design, the measured area of ​​the secondary lining concrete compared with the original design, and the amount of secondary lining concrete backfill.

9. The method for dynamic treatment of granite alteration zones in railway tunnels based on quantitative grading as described in claim 6, characterized in that: When obtaining the amount of concrete pumped to backfill the cavities in the surge cavity, the concrete volume used to handle each confirmed surge event is calculated to obtain the amount of concrete pumped to backfill the cavities in the surge cavity.

10. The method for dynamic treatment of granite alteration zones in railway tunnels based on quantitative grading according to claim 1, characterized in that: When calculating additional fees, the additional fees are represented as follows: C=(∑(Q×H labor )×P labor ×K labor +∑(Q×H machine )×P machine ×K machine )×(1+T) Where: C is the total amount of the quota surcharge; Q is the quantity of work for the i-th quota sub-item; H labor and H machine These represent the labor man-days and machine-hours consumed for the corresponding quota items; P labor and P machine These are the unit price of labor and the unit price of machinery shifts during the compilation period, respectively; K labor and K machine These are the manual and mechanical adjustment factors linked to the alteration level, respectively, and T is the applicable tax rate.

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