A biochar amendment applicator for tobacco field planting

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and discloses a biochar modifier application device for tobacco field planting, which comprises an application vehicle, a first discharge port, a mirror-symmetrical second discharge port arranged on the rear end of the application vehicle, a material guide adjusting mechanism arranged in the application vehicle and used for selectively guiding the biochar modifier in the same bin to the first discharge port or the second discharge port, and an adjustable spreading mechanism. The device realizes the free switching of the biochar modifier in the same bin between the rear-mounted wide spreading and the side-mounted accurate strip spreading through the linkage control of the material guide adjusting mechanism and the adjustable spreading mechanism, the two mechanisms can be independently controlled, the working mode can be flexibly configured according to different growth stages and field conditions of the tobacco field, and the comprehensive utilization rate and the field adaptability of the device are significantly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, specifically to a biochar amendment application device for tobacco planting. Background Technology

[0002] In tobacco cultivation, the application of biochar amendments is an important agronomic measure to improve soil structure and enhance tobacco leaf quality. Currently, there are various types of biochar amendment application devices used in tobacco fields. Classified by application direction, they mainly include rear-mounted and side-mounted application devices. Rear-mounted application devices have the application disc positioned at the rear of the application vehicle. During operation, the material is discharged from the rear of the vehicle and spread wide backward by the high-speed rotating disc. This offers advantages such as a wide operating area and high efficiency, making it suitable for soil improvement before transplanting and large-area application before the tobacco seedlings have closed the canopy. Side-mounted application devices have the application disc positioned on the side of the application vehicle. During operation, the material is discharged from the side of the vehicle and precisely applied in strips towards the side of the tobacco rows. This is suitable for situations where the tobacco plants are tall after canopy closure, making top application inconvenient, small plots, and narrow plots that are difficult for the vehicle to access.

[0003] However, most existing biochar amendment application devices only support one of the two application methods mentioned above; that is, a single device can only perform either rear-mounted or side-mounted application. Tobacco fields have different application requirements at different growth stages—before transplanting, rear-mounted wide-span application is needed for whole-field improvement, while after canopy closure, side-mounted precision strip application is needed for root-targeted fertilization. To meet the operational needs of different stages, growers often need to purchase both rear-mounted and side-mounted devices separately, which not only increases equipment purchase costs and storage space but also leads to low equipment utilization. Even if some devices claim to be able to switch application methods, the switching process usually involves complex disassembly and reassembly operations, requiring manual disassembly and reinstallation of the application components, which is cumbersome and time-consuming, making rapid field transitions difficult.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need in the field for a biochar amendment application device that can flexibly switch between rear-mounted wide-width application and side-mounted precise strip application, and whose two sides can be independently controlled, in order to overcome the shortcomings of existing equipment in terms of single function and poor adaptability. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a biochar amendment application device for tobacco field cultivation, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a biochar amendment application device for tobacco field planting, comprising an application vehicle,

[0007] The first discharge port is positioned symmetrically in mirror image at the rear end of the application vehicle;

[0008] The second discharge outlets are respectively located on both sides of the application vehicle and are located close to the first discharge outlet;

[0009] A material guiding and adjusting mechanism is installed inside the application vehicle to selectively guide the biochar modifier in the same silo to the first discharge port or the second discharge port;

[0010] An adjustable application mechanism, mirror-symmetrically positioned at the bottom of the application vehicle and near the rear end, includes:

[0011] A central adjustment component, located at the bottom of the application vehicle, is used to drive the spreading disc to rotate and switch the working position;

[0012] A telescopic adjustment component is located on one side of the central adjustment component and is used to adjust the lateral extension distance of the application disc;

[0013] A spreading disc is located at the end of the telescopic adjustment assembly;

[0014] The material guiding and adjusting mechanism is linked with the adjustable spreading mechanism. When the material guiding and adjusting mechanism guides the material to the first discharge port, the central adjusting component drives the spreading disc to rotate to the rear position, forming a rear-positioned wide-width spreading mode. When the material guiding and adjusting mechanism guides the material to the second discharge port, the central adjusting component drives the spreading disc to rotate to the side position, and the telescopic adjusting component extends to the side of the tobacco ridge, forming a side-positioned precise strip spreading mode.

[0015] The adjustable spreading mechanisms on both sides of the bottom of the application vehicle are independently controlled and can be selectively configured as same-side mode or opposite-side mode to achieve single-side operation, double-side same-direction operation or double-side opposite-direction operation.

[0016] According to the above technical solution, the material guiding adjustment mechanism includes:

[0017] The first guide column, in the shape of a triangular prism, is mounted above the application vehicle;

[0018] The first fixing rod is arranged in a mirror symmetrical manner inside the application vehicle, with one end fixedly installed on the side wall of the first guide column and the other end fixedly installed on the side wall of the application vehicle;

[0019] Adjustment plates are arranged in a mirror symmetrical manner on both sides of the first guide column. Each adjustment plate is formed by hinged connection of a fixed plate and a movable plate. One end of the fixed plate is fixedly installed on the side wall of the application vehicle, and the other end is driven and connected to the movable plate through a servo motor. The end of the movable plate overlaps the side wall of the first guide column.

[0020] The regulating plate has two working states:

[0021] In the closed state, the fixed plate and the movable plate are connected in parallel, forming a conical closed structure together with the side wall of the first guide column to close the first discharge port while opening the second discharge port;

[0022] In the open state, the movable plate abuts against the side wall of the application vehicle, and the fixed plate and the movable plate are tapered to close the second discharge port while opening the first discharge port.

[0023] According to the above technical solution, the material guiding adjustment mechanism further includes:

[0024] The second guide column is triangular in shape and is disposed between the two adjustment plates. All its edges are rounded, and its top edge faces the first guide column. The fixing plate is arranged parallel to the side wall of the second guide column.

[0025] The second fixing rod is fixedly installed at one end on the side wall of the second guide column and at the other end on the side wall of the application vehicle;

[0026] A guide vane is fixedly installed on the side wall of the second guide column, with its end extending to the edge of the first discharge port;

[0027] The guide plate is in the shape of an arc plate, with its arc concave surface facing the side wall of the second guide column. The end of the guide plate is inclined downward, and the width of the guide plate gradually narrows from the fixed end to the end. It is used to gather and guide the material after being diverted by the second guide column to the first discharge port.

[0028] According to the above technical solution, the material guiding adjustment mechanism further includes a central dividing component, the central dividing component comprising:

[0029] The first central partition plate is disposed between the top wall of the application vehicle and the first guide column, with one end movably inserted into the first insertion plate of the side wall of the application vehicle, and the other end movably inserted into the second insertion plate at the top of the first guide column.

[0030] The second central partition plate is disposed between the first guide column and the second guide column. One end is movably inserted into the third insertion plate at the bottom of the first guide column, and the other end is movably inserted into the fourth insertion plate at the top of the second guide column.

[0031] According to the above technical solution, the material guiding adjustment mechanism further includes an anti-bridging component, which includes:

[0032] The arch-breaking shaft is mirror-symmetrically arranged in the upper middle part of the application vehicle, with one end rotatably mounted on the inner side wall of the application vehicle and the other end rotatably mounted on the side wall of the first fixed rod.

[0033] The arch-breaking pieces are arranged in a spiral along the arch-breaking axis;

[0034] A front-mounted motor is mounted symmetrically in mirror image on the outer wall of the application vehicle, and its output end is fixedly connected to the arch-breaking shaft.

[0035] The arch-breaking plate is a rectangular sawtooth plate. Each of the arch-breaking plates is equidistant along the axial direction of the arch-breaking axis, and adjacent arch-breaking plates are arranged in sequence with a phase angle in the circumferential direction. The sawtooth ends of the arch-breaking plates face the radial outward of the arch-breaking axis, and when each of the arch-breaking plates rotates with the arch-breaking axis, a continuous spiral pushing flow field is formed in the application vehicle to bridge the crushed material and assist in the downstream transportation of the material.

[0036] According to the above technical solution, the central control component includes:

[0037] A fixed base is fixedly installed on the bottom of the application vehicle, and an annular movable groove is provided on the outer wall of the fixed base. The annular movable groove is arranged around the circumference of the fixed base.

[0038] The movable seat is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the fixed seat, and the inner wall is provided with a movable ring that slides in conjunction with the annular movable groove.

[0039] A rotating column is rotatably mounted in the fixed seat at the top and fixedly connected to the movable seat at the bottom. A driven gear is fixedly sleeved on the column.

[0040] The drive motor is fixedly installed in the fixed base, and its output end is fixedly installed with a driving gear that meshes with the driven gear.

[0041] According to the above technical solution, the telescopic adjustment component includes:

[0042] The first telescopic rod is arranged parallel to the side wall of the movable seat;

[0043] The second telescopic rod is slidably sleeved on the outside of the first telescopic rod;

[0044] A fixed plate base is fixedly installed at the end of the second telescopic rod, and a rotating connecting column is rotatably installed on the top. The cross-section of the rotating connecting column is elliptical.

[0045] A support plate is fixedly installed between the two first telescopic rods;

[0046] An electric telescopic rod is fixedly installed on the support plate, and an end plate is fixedly installed at its telescopic end. The two sides of the end plate are respectively fixedly connected to the two second telescopic rods.

[0047] According to the above technical solution, the application tray includes:

[0048] The disc body is rotatably mounted on the rotating connecting column at the upper end of the fixed disc base, and the top is locked and fixed to the rotating connecting column by fastening bolts;

[0049] The application baffles are evenly distributed around the upper surface of the disc body. Each application baffle is in the shape of an arc blade and extends radially from the inside to the outside of the disc body. The height of each application baffle gradually decreases from the center of the disc body to the edge.

[0050] The control motor is fixedly installed at the lower end of the disc body, and its output end is fixedly connected to the rotating connecting column.

[0051] The spreading baffle throws the material tangentially as the disc rotates, and the spreading width and spreading density can be adjusted by changing the spreading baffle with different arc and height.

[0052] According to the above technical solution, the adjustable application mechanism further includes an auxiliary fixing component, which includes:

[0053] The first auxiliary fixing seat is fixedly installed on the bottom of the application vehicle and is correspondingly positioned below the first discharge port;

[0054] The second auxiliary fixing seat is fixedly installed on the bottom of the application vehicle and is correspondingly located below the second discharge port;

[0055] The first L-shaped pin is fixedly installed on one side of the second telescopic rod side wall and movably inserted into the first slot of the first auxiliary fixing seat;

[0056] The second L-shaped pin is fixedly installed on the side wall of the second telescopic rod on the other side and movably inserted into the second slot of the second auxiliary fixing seat;

[0057] In this case, only one of the first L-shaped pin and the second L-shaped pin is inserted into the corresponding auxiliary fixing seat at any given time.

[0058] According to the above technical solution, the auxiliary fixing component further includes:

[0059] The first locking touch button is fixedly installed on the side wall of the first auxiliary fixing seat, and its pressing end abuts against the side wall of the first telescopic rod on the corresponding side.

[0060] The first electromagnet is fitted into the first slot;

[0061] The first adsorption magnet is embedded in the corresponding end of the first L-shaped pin and is attracted to the first electromagnet.

[0062] The second locking touch button is fixedly installed on the side wall of the second auxiliary fixing seat, and its pressing end abuts against the side wall of the first telescopic rod on the corresponding side.

[0063] The second electromagnet is fitted into the second slot;

[0064] The second magnet is embedded in the corresponding end of the second L-shaped pin and is attracted to the second electromagnet.

[0065] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are:

[0066] (1) This device achieves free switching between two modes of biochar amendment in the same silo: rear-mounted wide-width spreading and side-mounted precise strip application through the linkage control of the material guiding adjustment mechanism and the adjustable spreading mechanism. The two side mechanisms can be controlled independently, and the operation mode can be flexibly configured according to different growth stages and plot conditions of tobacco fields, which significantly improves the comprehensive utilization rate and field adaptability of the equipment.

[0067] (2) The side-mounted precision strip application mode effectively solves the mechanical operation problems in complex scenarios such as tobacco fields during the canopy closure period, tobacco fields covered with plastic film, small plots and narrow plots. It can avoid damage to tall tobacco plants and prevent materials from falling on the surface of the plastic film and causing waste, thus greatly expanding the applicable scope of the device.

[0068] (3) The telescopic adjustment component provides a temporary avoidance function during mode switching to ensure that the spreading disc does not interfere with the bottom parts of the application vehicle when it rotates. At the same time, the spreading disc has a unique fixed working position in each of the two modes, which ensures the repeatability and uniformity of the spreading trajectory.

[0069] (4) The auxiliary fixing component can only lock after the application plate accurately reaches the designated working position through the linkage logic of the locking touch button and the electromagnet. Combined with the physical interlocking structure of the double pin, it effectively prevents the locking from not being in place and the position from shifting during operation, which significantly improves the safety and reliability of the equipment operation.

[0070] (5) The anti-bridging component forms a continuous pushing flow field in the hopper through the spirally arranged sawtooth arch-breaking blades, which effectively breaks the bridging and arching formed by the biochar modifier due to its own characteristics, ensuring a continuous and stable supply of materials and enhancing the adaptability of the device to different material states.

[0071] (6) The central dividing component is a modular optional component that can be quickly installed or removed as needed, enabling flexible switching between single and double hopper operation modes. Moreover, the installation and removal do not affect the normal operation of the material guiding adjustment mechanism and the circulating feeding mechanism, providing users with diverse configuration options. Attached Figure Description

[0072] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0073] Figure 1 This is a first perspective view of the present invention;

[0074] Figure 2 This is a second perspective view of the present invention;

[0075] Figure 3 This is a third perspective view of the present invention;

[0076] Figure 4 This is a fourth perspective schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0077] Figure 5 This is a first partial three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0078] Figure 6 This is a second partial perspective view of the present invention;

[0079] Figure 7 This is a third partial perspective view of the present invention;

[0080] Figure 8 This is the present invention. Figure 2 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle;

[0081] Figure 9 This is a fourth partial perspective view of the present invention;

[0082] Figure 10 This is a fifth partial perspective view of the present invention;

[0083] Figure 11 This is the sixth partial perspective view of the present invention.

[0084] In the diagram: 1-Application vehicle, 2-First discharge port, 3-Second discharge port, 4-Material guiding adjustment mechanism, 41-First guide column, 42-First fixed rod, 43-Adjusting plate, 431-Fixed plate, 432-Movable plate, 433-Servo motor, 44-Second guide column, 45-Second fixed rod, 46-Guide plate, 47-Central dividing assembly, 471-First central dividing plate, 472-First plug-in plate, 473-Second plug-in plate, 474-Second central dividing plate, 475-Third plug-in plate, 476-Fourth plug-in plate, 48-Anti-bridging assembly, 481-Arch breaking shaft, 482-Arch breaking plate, 483-Front motor, 5-Adjustable spreading mechanism, 6-Central adjustment assembly, 61-Fixed seat, 62-Movable seat, 63-Rotating column, 6 4-Driven gear, 65-Drive motor, 66-Drive gear, 7-Telescopic adjustment assembly, 71-First telescopic rod, 72-Second telescopic rod, 73-Fixed disc base, 74-Rotating connecting column, 75-Support plate, 76-Electric telescopic rod, 77-End plate, 8-Auxiliary fixing assembly, 81-First auxiliary fixing seat, 811-First locking touch button, 812-First electromagnet, 813-First magnetic attraction magnet, 82-Second auxiliary fixing seat, 821-Second locking touch button, 822-Second electromagnet, 823-Second magnetic attraction magnet, 83-First L-shaped pin, 84-First slot, 85-Second L-shaped pin, 86-Second slot, 9-Spreading disc, 91-Disc body, 92-Fasting bolt, 93-Spreading baffle, 94-Control motor. Detailed Implementation

[0085] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0086] Please see Figure 1-11 The present invention provides a technical solution: a biochar amendment application device for tobacco field planting, comprising an application vehicle 1.

[0087] The first discharge port 2 is arranged in a mirror-symmetrical manner at the rear end of the application vehicle 1;

[0088] The second discharge port 3 is respectively provided on both sides of the application vehicle 1 and is located close to the first discharge port 2;

[0089] The material guiding and adjusting mechanism 4 is installed in the application vehicle 1 and is used to selectively guide the biochar modifier in the same silo to the first discharge port 2 or the second discharge port 3.

[0090] An adjustable application mechanism 5 is mirror-symmetrically positioned at the bottom of the application vehicle 1 and near the rear end, including:

[0091] The central adjustment component 6 is located at the bottom of the application vehicle 1 and is used to drive the spreading disc 9 to rotate to switch the working position;

[0092] The telescopic adjustment component 7 is located on one side of the central adjustment component 6 and is used to adjust the lateral extension distance of the application disc 9;

[0093] The application disc 9 is located at the end of the telescopic adjustment assembly 7;

[0094] The material guiding and adjusting mechanism 4 is linked with the adjustable spreading mechanism 5. When the material guiding and adjusting mechanism 4 guides the material to the first discharge port 2, the central adjusting component 6 drives the spreading disc 9 to rotate to the rear position, forming a rear-positioned wide-width spreading mode. When the material guiding and adjusting mechanism 4 guides the material to the second discharge port 3, the central adjusting component 6 drives the spreading disc 9 to rotate to the side position, and the telescopic adjusting component 7 extends to the side of the tobacco ridge, forming a side-positioned precise strip spreading mode.

[0095] The adjustable spreading mechanisms 5 on both sides of the bottom of the application vehicle 1 are independently controlled and can be selectively configured as same-side mode or opposite-side mode to achieve single-side operation, double-side same-direction operation or double-side opposite-direction operation.

[0096] Specifically, the material guiding adjustment mechanism 4 includes:

[0097] The first guide column 41 is triangular prism-shaped and is mounted above the application vehicle 1;

[0098] The first fixing rod 42 is arranged in a mirror symmetrical manner inside the application vehicle 1, with one end fixedly installed on the side wall of the first guide column 41 and the other end fixedly installed on the side wall of the application vehicle 1.

[0099] Adjustment plates 43 are mirror-symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first guide column 41. Each adjustment plate 43 is hinged to a fixed plate 431 and a movable plate 432. One end of the fixed plate 431 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the application vehicle 1, and the other end is driven to the movable plate 432 through a servo motor 433. The end of the movable plate 432 overlaps the side wall of the first guide column 41.

[0100] The adjustment plate 43 has two working states:

[0101] In the closed state, the fixed plate 431 and the movable plate 432 are connected in parallel, and together with the side wall of the first guide column 41, they form a conical closed structure to close the first discharge port 2, while opening the second discharge port 3.

[0102] In the open state, the movable plate 432 abuts against the side wall of the application vehicle 1, and the fixed plate 431 and the movable plate 432 are tapered to close the second discharge port 3 while opening the first discharge port 2.

[0103] Specifically, the material guiding adjustment mechanism 4 also includes:

[0104] The second guide column 44 is triangular in shape and is disposed between the two adjustment plates 43. Each of its edges is rounded, and its top edge faces the first guide column 41. The fixing plate 431 is arranged parallel to the side wall of the second guide column 44.

[0105] The second fixing rod 45 is fixedly installed at one end on the side wall of the second guide column 44, and at the other end on the side wall of the application vehicle 1;

[0106] The guide vane 46 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the second guide column 44, and its end extends to the edge of the first discharge port 2;

[0107] The guide plate 46 is in the shape of an arc plate, with its arc concave surface facing the side wall of the second guide column 44. The end of the guide plate 46 is inclined downward, and the width of the guide plate 46 gradually narrows from the fixed end to the end, which is used to gather and guide the material after being diverted by the second guide column 44 to the first discharge port 2.

[0108] Specifically, the material guiding adjustment mechanism 4 further includes a central dividing component 47, which includes:

[0109] The first central partition plate 471 is disposed between the top wall of the application vehicle 1 and the first guide column 41, with one end movably inserted into the first insertion plate 472 on the side wall of the application vehicle 1, and the other end movably inserted into the second insertion plate 473 on the top of the first guide column 41.

[0110] The second central partition plate 474 is disposed between the first guide column 41 and the second guide column 44. One end is movably inserted into the third insertion plate 475 at the bottom of the first guide column 41, and the other end is movably inserted into the fourth insertion plate 476 at the top of the second guide column 44.

[0111] Specifically, the material guiding adjustment mechanism 4 further includes an anti-bridging component 48, which includes:

[0112] The arch-breaking shaft 481 is mirror-symmetrically arranged in the upper middle part of the application vehicle 1, with one end rotatably installed on the inner side wall of the application vehicle 1 and the other end rotatably installed on the side wall of the first fixing rod 42.

[0113] The arch-breaking pieces 482 are arranged in a spiral shape along the arch-breaking axis 481;

[0114] A front motor 483 is mounted in a mirror-symmetric manner on the outer wall of the application vehicle 1, and its output end is fixedly connected to the arch-breaking shaft 481.

[0115] The arch-breaking plate 482 is a rectangular sawtooth plate. Each of the arch-breaking plates 482 is equidistantly spaced along the axial direction of the arch-breaking shaft 481, and adjacent arch-breaking plates 482 are arranged in a phase angle-deflected manner in the circumferential direction. The sawtooth ends of the arch-breaking plates 482 face the radially outward of the arch-breaking shaft 481, and when each of the arch-breaking plates 482 rotates with the arch-breaking shaft 481, a continuous spiral pushing flow field is formed in the application vehicle 1, which is used to bridge the crushed material and assist in the downstream conveying of the material.

[0116] Specifically, the central adjustment component 6 includes:

[0117] The fixed base 61 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the application vehicle 1, and an annular movable groove is provided on the outer wall. The annular movable groove is arranged around the circumference of the fixed base 61.

[0118] The movable seat 62 is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the fixed seat 61, and the inner wall is provided with a movable ring that slides in cooperation with the annular movable groove.

[0119] The rotating column 63 is rotatably mounted in the fixed seat 61 at the top and fixedly connected to the movable seat 62 at the bottom. A driven gear 64 is fixedly sleeved on the column.

[0120] A drive motor 65 is fixedly installed in the fixed base 61, and a drive gear 66 that meshes with the driven gear 64 is fixedly installed at its output end.

[0121] Specifically, the telescopic adjustment component 7 includes:

[0122] The first telescopic rod 71 is arranged parallel to the side wall of the movable seat 63;

[0123] The second telescopic rod 72 is slidably sleeved on the outside of the first telescopic rod 71;

[0124] A fixed plate base 73 is fixedly installed at the end of the second telescopic rod 72, and a rotating connecting column 74 is rotatably installed on the top. The cross-section of the rotating connecting column 74 is elliptical.

[0125] A support plate 75 is fixedly installed between the two first telescopic rods 71;

[0126] An electric telescopic rod 76 is fixedly installed on the support plate 75, and an end plate 77 is fixedly installed at its telescopic end. The two sides of the end plate 77 are respectively fixedly connected to the two second telescopic rods 72.

[0127] Specifically, the application tray 9 includes:

[0128] The disc body 91 is rotatably mounted on the rotating connecting column 74 at the upper end of the fixed disc base 73, and the top is locked and fixed to the rotating connecting column 74 by fastening bolts 92;

[0129] The application baffles 93 are evenly distributed on the upper surface of the disc body 91 in a circular pattern. Each application baffle 93 is in the shape of an arc blade and extends radially from the inside to the outside of the disc body 91. The height of each application baffle 93 gradually decreases from the center of the disc body 91 to the edge.

[0130] A control motor 94 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the disc body 91, and its output end is fixedly connected to the rotating connecting column 74.

[0131] The spreading baffle 93 spreads the material tangentially when it rotates with the disc 91, and the spreading width and spreading density can be adjusted by changing the spreading baffle 93 with different arc and height.

[0132] Specifically, the adjustable application mechanism 5 further includes an auxiliary fixing component 8, which includes:

[0133] The first auxiliary fixing seat 81 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the application vehicle 1 and is correspondingly arranged below the first discharge port 2;

[0134] The second auxiliary fixing seat 82 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the application vehicle 1 and is correspondingly arranged below the second discharge port 3;

[0135] The first L-shaped pin 83 is fixedly installed on one side of the second telescopic rod 72 and movably inserted into the first slot 84 of the first auxiliary fixing seat 81.

[0136] The second L-shaped pin 85 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the second telescopic rod 72 on the other side and is movably inserted into the second slot 86 of the second auxiliary fixing seat 82;

[0137] Among them, only one of the first L-shaped pin 83 and the second L-shaped pin 85 is inserted into the corresponding auxiliary fixing seat at any given time.

[0138] Specifically, the auxiliary fixing component 8 also includes:

[0139] The first locking touch button 811 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the first auxiliary fixing base 81, and its pressing end abuts against the side wall of the first telescopic rod 71 on the corresponding side.

[0140] The first electromagnet 812 is embedded in the first slot 84;

[0141] The first adsorption magnet 813 is embedded in the end of the corresponding first L-shaped pin 83 and is attracted to the first electromagnet 812.

[0142] The second locking touch button 821 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the second auxiliary fixing base 82, and its pressing end abuts against the side wall of the first telescopic rod 71 on the corresponding side.

[0143] The second electromagnet 822 is embedded in the second slot 86;

[0144] The second adsorption magnet 823 is embedded in the end of the corresponding second L-shaped pin 85 and is attracted to the second electromagnet 822.

[0145] The overall working principle of this device is as follows:

[0146] This device mainly consists of core components such as an application vehicle 1, a first discharge port 2, a second discharge port 3, a material guiding and adjusting mechanism 4, and an adjustable spreading mechanism 5.

[0147] The application vehicle 1 is a common type of work equipment in the prior art. It typically includes a vehicle body, wheels located at the lower end of the vehicle body, a connecting frame connected to the traction equipment, and a circulating feeding mechanism at the bottom of the vehicle body. These structures are common knowledge in the field and will not be described in detail here. This device can be towed by a tractor or other traction equipment to move and operate in tobacco fields.

[0148] The first discharge port 2 is mirror-symmetrically positioned at the rear of the application vehicle 1, used to discharge the biochar modifier from the rear of the vehicle in the rear-mounted wide-area application mode. The second discharge port 3 is respectively located on both side walls of the application vehicle 1 and close to the first discharge port 2, used to discharge the biochar modifier from the side of the vehicle body in the side-mounted precision strip application mode. The first discharge port 2 and the second discharge port 3 are respectively controlled by independent gates. The gate control method has been briefly shown in the accompanying drawings of the specification, and those skilled in the art can implement it based on the drawings.

[0149] The material guiding and adjusting mechanism 4 is located inside the application vehicle 1. Its core function is to selectively guide the biochar modifier in the same hopper to the first discharge port 2 or the second discharge port 3. The material guiding and adjusting mechanism 4 can be perfectly integrated into a traditional spreading vehicle. During operation, it only needs to ensure the guiding and conveying of most of the biochar modifier without affecting the operation of the circulating feeding mechanism at the bottom of the vehicle body.

[0150] The adjustable spreading mechanism 5 is mirror-symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the application vehicle 1 and near the rear end. It is coordinated by the central adjustment component 6, the telescopic adjustment component 7 and the spreading disc 9 to realize the mode switching between rear-mounted spreading and side-mounted spreading.

[0151] The material guidance of this device is achieved by the material guiding and adjusting mechanism 4. The biochar modifier is loaded into the hopper of the application vehicle 1, and the circulating feeding mechanism at the bottom of the vehicle continuously conveys the material upward to the area of ​​the material guiding and adjusting mechanism 4.

[0152] The core components of the material guiding and adjusting mechanism 4 include a first guide column 41, a first fixing rod 42, an adjusting plate 43, a second guide column 44, a second fixing rod 45, and a guide plate 46.

[0153] The regulating plate 43 has two working states, which determine the final flow direction of the material:

[0154] In the closed state: the fixed plate 431 and the movable plate 432 are connected in parallel, forming a conical closed structure together with the side wall of the first guide column 41. At this time, the first discharge port 2 is closed, the second discharge port 3 is open, and the material is discharged along the surface of the adjusting plate 43 through the second discharge port 3 for side-mounted application.

[0155] Open state: The movable plate 432 abuts against the side wall of the application vehicle 1, and the fixed plate 431 and the movable plate 432 are tapered and unfolded, closing the second discharge port 3 and opening the first discharge port 2 at the same time. The material is gathered and guided to the first discharge port 2 by the guide plate 46 for use in rear-mounted application.

[0156] The guide vane 46 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the second guide column 44, extending to the edge of the first discharge port 2. It is an arc-shaped plate with its concave surface facing the side wall of the second guide column 44. The end is angled downwards, and its width gradually narrows from the fixed end to the final end, serving to guide the diverted material to the first discharge port 2. All edges of the second guide column 44 can be rounded to effectively reduce material accumulation and stagnation during flow.

[0157] The switching of the application direction is accomplished by the central adjustment component 6 in the adjustable application mechanism 5.

[0158] The central adjustment assembly 6 includes a fixed base 61, a movable base 62, a rotating column 63, a driven gear 64, a drive motor 65, and a driving gear 66. The fixed base 61 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the application vehicle 1, and its outer wall has an annular movable groove. The movable base 62 is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the fixed base 61, and its inner wall has a movable ring that slides with the annular movable groove. The top of the rotating column 63 is rotatably installed inside the fixed base 61, and its bottom is fixedly connected to the movable base 62. The drive motor 65 is fixedly installed inside the fixed base 61, and its output drive gear 66 meshes with the driven gear 64 fixedly sleeved on the rotating column 63.

[0159] When the drive motor 65 is running, the rotating column 63 is driven to rotate through the meshing transmission of the driving gear 66 and the driven gear 64, which in turn drives the movable seat 62 to rotate relative to the fixed seat 61. The rotation angle of the movable seat 62 is precisely controlled by the drive motor 65, thereby realizing the precise switching between the rear position and the side position of the telescopic adjustment component 7 and the application disc 9 at the end of the movable seat 62.

[0160] It should be noted that the telescopic adjustment component 7 is not used to adjust the spreading position or spreading width of the spreading disc 9 in the working state, but is used to prevent the spreading disc 9 from interfering with other parts of the application vehicle 1 or ground obstacles when the spreading disc 9 switches between rear-mounted and side-mounted modes.

[0161] When the application disc 9 needs to be switched from the rear position to the side position, the electric telescopic rod 76 extends first, and pushes the second telescopic rod 72 to slide outward relative to the first telescopic rod 71 through the end plate 77, so that the application disc 9 extends outward a certain distance laterally, thereby avoiding components such as the rear axle and wheel mudguards at the bottom of the application vehicle 1 during rotation, and preventing collision interference.

[0162] Once the application disc 9 has rotated to the side position, the electric telescopic rod 76 will no longer extend, and the application disc 9 will be fixed in the side position for operation.

[0163] Similarly, when the spreading disc 9 is switched from the side position to the rear position, the electric telescopic rod 76 needs to remain extended to complete the rotation and avoidance. After the spreading disc 9 is rotated to the rear position, the electric telescopic rod 76 can be retracted to the initial position, so that the spreading disc 9 is close to the bottom rear end of the application vehicle 1 for operation.

[0164] Therefore, the application plate 9 has only one fixed working position in both rear-mounted and side-mounted modes. The telescopic adjustment component 7 is only used for temporary avoidance during mode switching, rather than for continuous position adjustment during operation.

[0165] The rotating connecting column 74 has an elliptical cross-section. The disc 91 is rotatably mounted on the rotating connecting column 74 at the upper end of the fixed disc base 73, and the top is locked and fixed to the rotating connecting column 74 by fastening bolts 92. The elliptical cross-section, combined with the fastening bolts 92, effectively prevents relative slippage of the disc 91 during high-speed rotation.

[0166] In this device, the auxiliary fixing component 8 serves to reliably lock the telescopic adjustment component 7 after the spreading disc 9 reaches the designated working position, preventing the spreading disc 9 from shifting position due to vibration during operation.

[0167] Rear Position Locking: When the application disc 9 is rotated to the rear position via the central adjustment assembly 6, the first L-shaped pin 83, fixedly installed on the side wall of the second telescopic rod 72, retracts to the corresponding position along with the second telescopic rod 72 and is movably inserted into the first slot 84 of the first auxiliary fixing seat 81. At this time, the pressing end of the first locking sensor button 811, fixedly installed on the side wall of the first auxiliary fixing seat 81, contacts the corresponding side wall of the first telescopic rod 71, triggering the first locking sensor button 811, indicating that the application disc 9 has accurately reached the rear working position. After receiving this signal, the control system energizes the first electromagnet 812 embedded in the first slot 84, attracting the first adsorption magnet 813 embedded at the end of the first L-shaped pin 83, achieving dual locking of mechanical insertion and electromagnetic adsorption, ensuring the operational stability of the application disc 9 in the rear position mode.

[0168] Similarly, in the side-mounted locking mode, the first locking sensor 811 and the second locking sensor 821 each send a locking permission signal to the control system only when they detect that the application disc 9 has accurately reached the corresponding designated position (i.e., the L-shaped pin is fully inserted into the corresponding slot), so that the electromagnet can be energized and engaged. If the locking sensor is not triggered, the electromagnet will not be energized, the pin will not be locked, and the operation safety accident caused by failure to lock properly will be effectively prevented.

[0169] After being discharged from the outlet, the material falls onto the upper surface of the spreading disc 91. Driven by an external power source, the disc 91 rotates at high speed. Spreading baffles 93 are evenly distributed circumferentially on the upper surface of the disc 91. Each spreading baffle 93 is arc-shaped, extending radially from the inside to the outside of the disc 91, and the height of each spreading baffle 93 gradually decreases from the center to the edge of the disc 91. As the disc 91 rotates, the spreading baffles 93 tangentially scatter the material. By replacing spreading baffles 93 with different arcs and heights, the spreading width and spreading density can be adjusted.

[0170] The detailed working process of this device is as follows:

[0171] (a) Rear-mounted wide-span application mode

[0172] Applicable scenarios: Soil improvement before tobacco transplanting, large-scale application of fertilizer to the entire field before the tobacco seedlings close the canopy, and field operations in flat and open plots.

[0173] Workflow:

[0174] Mode setting: The operator issues a "rear-mounted application" command through the control system.

[0175] Material guiding adjustment: The adjusting plate 43 of the material guiding adjustment mechanism 4 is switched to the open state, the movable plate 432 abuts against the side wall of the application vehicle 1, and the fixed plate 431 and the movable plate 432 are tapered, closing the second discharge port 3 and opening the first discharge port 2. The material is gathered and guided to the first discharge port 2 by the guide plate 46.

[0176] Avoidance extension: The electric telescopic rod 76 of the telescopic adjustment assembly 7 drives the second telescopic rod 72 to extend outward, so that the application disc 9 can obtain sufficient rotational avoidance space.

[0177] Orientation switching: The drive motor 65 of the central adjustment component 6 operates, driving the movable seat 62 to rotate, which in turn drives the telescopic adjustment component 7 and the application disc 9 to rotate to the rear position.

[0178] Locking: After the application disc 9 is rotated to the rear position, the first locking touch button 811 is triggered, and the first L-shaped pin 83 retracts with the second telescopic rod 72 and is inserted into the first slot 84 of the first auxiliary fixing seat 81. The first electromagnet 812 is energized and attracts the first adsorption magnet 813, thus achieving double locking.

[0179] Spreading operation: The first discharge port 2 gate is opened, and the material is continuously discharged to the spreading disc 9. The disc 91 rotates at high speed, and the spreading baffle 93 spreads the material tangentially to the surface of the tobacco field.

[0180] (ii) Side-mounted precision strip application mode

[0181] Applicable scenarios: This mode is particularly suitable for small tobacco fields, narrow plots that are difficult for vehicles to access, tobacco fields that have been closed with ridges, tobacco fields covered with plastic film, and scenarios that require precise and targeted application of pesticides to the root zone of tobacco plants.

[0182] Workflow:

[0183] Mode setting: The operator issues the "side-mounted application" command through the control system.

[0184] Material guiding adjustment: The adjusting plate 43 of the material guiding adjustment mechanism 4 is switched to the closed state. The fixed plate 431 and the movable plate 432 are connected in parallel, forming a conical closed structure together with the side wall of the first guide column 41, closing the first discharge port 2 and opening the second discharge port 3. The material is guided to the second discharge port 3 through the surface of the adjusting plate 43.

[0185] Avoidance extension: The electric telescopic rod 76 of the telescopic adjustment assembly 7 drives the second telescopic rod 72 to extend outward, so that the application disc 9 can obtain sufficient rotational avoidance space.

[0186] Orientation switching: The drive motor 65 of the central adjustment component 6 operates, driving the movable seat 62 to rotate, which in turn drives the telescopic adjustment component 7 and the application disc 9 to rotate to the side position.

[0187] Maintain position: After the spreading disc 9 is rotated to the side position, the electric telescopic rod 76 remains in the current extended state (or is slightly adjusted according to the preset position) to fix the spreading disc 9 in the side working position and ensure that the spreading disc 9 extends to the target working area on the side of the tobacco ridge.

[0188] Locking: When the second locking button 821 is triggered, the second L-shaped pin 85 is inserted into the second slot 86 of the second auxiliary fixing base 82, and the second electromagnet 822 is energized to attract the second adsorption magnet 823, thus achieving double locking.

[0189] Spreading operation: The second discharge port 3 gate is opened, and the material is continuously discharged to the spreading disc 9. The disc 91 rotates at high speed, and the spreading baffle 93 accurately spreads the material tangentially to the target area on the side of the tobacco ridge.

[0190] Supplementary explanation of typical applicable scenarios for side-mounted mode:

[0191] Small tobacco fields: The plots are small and irregularly shaped, making it difficult for tractors to turn around in the fields. When using a side-mounted spreading method, the vehicle only needs to drive along the edge of the field ridge, and the spreading disc 9 extends into the field to complete the spreading. The vehicle does not need to go deep into the field, which greatly reduces the number of turns and U-turns.

[0192] For plots where vehicles have difficulty accessing: For plots with narrow terrain, inconvenient field roads, or small spacing between tobacco rows, the side-mounted spreading vehicle 1 allows the application vehicle 1 to travel on relatively spacious rows or field ridges, and the spreading disc 9 extends laterally to the target area to complete the operation, solving the problem of large machinery "not being able to enter or spread out".

[0193] In tobacco fields during the canopy closure stage: After the tobacco plants have closed the canopy, the plants are tall and have lush foliage. When using a post-positioned broadcasting method, the broadcasting tray 9 is easily blocked by the tobacco leaves, resulting in poor broadcasting effect and potential damage to the tobacco plants. Side-positioned broadcasting, which involves precise strip application from the side of the ridge, allows the broadcasting tray 9 to enter from the side between the rows of tobacco plants. This not only accurately applies the biochar amendment near the root zone but also avoids damage to the upper tobacco leaves.

[0194] In tobacco fields covered with plastic film: After mulching, most of the material applied by post-application falls onto the surface of the film, which cannot infiltrate, resulting in waste. Side-application can precisely apply the material between the un-mulched rows or into the perforated areas on the side of the film, improving fertilizer utilization.

[0195] Terraced fields in mountainous and hilly areas: In complex terrains such as terraced fields and slopes, post-application is easily affected by the undulations of the terrain, resulting in uneven application. Side-application, with its precise positioning and strip application, can effectively overcome the influence of terrain.

[0196] (III) Bilateral Anisotropic Cooperative Operation Mode

[0197] Key advantages: The adjustable spreading mechanisms 5 on both sides of the bottom of the application vehicle 1 are independently controlled and can be selectively configured as same-side mode or opposite-side mode.

[0198] When configured in opposite-side mode:

[0199] The left-side spreading disc 9 is driven to the side position by the corresponding central adjustment component 6. The telescopic adjustment component 7 extends out to avoid the obstruction and is fixed in the side position, discharging material from the second discharge port 3 for precise side-mounted strip application.

[0200] The right-side spreading disc 9 is driven to the rear position by the corresponding central adjustment component 6. After the telescopic adjustment component 7 retracts, it is fixed in the rear position and discharges material corresponding to the first discharge port 2 for rear-position wide spreading.

[0201] This mode enables collaborative operation of "precise strip application on one side and wide-area broadcasting on the other side". One machine can complete the broadcasting tasks of two different spatial distributions. It is particularly suitable for complex agronomic scenarios such as wide and narrow row planting and the coexistence of mulch and bare land. At the same time, it can complete the comparative test of the two broadcasting modes in one pass, which greatly facilitates field scientific research.

[0202] It should be noted that the central partition assembly 47 is an optional component of this device, which includes a first central partition plate 471, a first plug-in plate 472, a second plug-in plate 473, a second central partition plate 474, a third plug-in plate 475, and a fourth plug-in plate 476.

[0203] Normal operating condition: When the application vehicle 1 contains only one type of biochar modifier, the central dividing assembly 47 is not installed. At this time, the application vehicle 1 has a single hopper, the material guiding and adjusting mechanism 4 works normally, and does not affect the operation of the circulating feeding mechanism at the bottom of the vehicle body.

[0204] Dual-material application mode: When the application vehicle 1 contains two types of biochar modifiers, the central dividing assembly 47 is installed. The first central dividing plate 471 is positioned between the top wall of the application vehicle 1 and the first guide column 41, with one end movably inserted into the first insertion plate 472 on the side wall of the application vehicle 1, and the other end movably inserted into the second insertion plate 473 at the top of the first guide column 41. The second central dividing plate 474 is positioned between the first guide column 41 and the second guide column 44, with one end movably inserted into the third insertion plate 475 at the bottom of the first guide column 41, and the other end movably inserted into the fourth insertion plate 476 at the top of the second guide column 44. The central dividing assembly 47 longitudinally divides the silo into two independent chambers, each containing two different formulations of biochar modifiers, allowing for differentiated application in specific situations.

[0205] Normal dual-side operation mode: If the main application is carried out in different states on both sides (such as wide application on one side and precise application on the other side), the central dividing component 47 is a normal installation component. At the same time, the circulating feeding mechanism at the bottom of the vehicle body can be set as two, respectively set on both sides of the central dividing component 47, to achieve independent material supply, which does not affect the operation of the overall structure.

[0206] The installation and removal of the central dividing component 47 does not affect the normal guiding function of the material guiding adjustment mechanism 4, nor does it affect the operation of the circulating feeding mechanism at the bottom of the vehicle body, thus exhibiting good compatibility and flexibility.

[0207] The anti-bridging component 48 is an active anti-clogging mechanism designed to address the characteristics of biochar modifiers, such as easy bridging and poor flowability.

[0208] When bridging occurs in the biochar modifier within the silo, the front motor 483 drives the bridging shaft 481 to rotate. Bridging plates 482 are arranged spirally along the bridging shaft 481, with each plate 482 equidistantly spaced along the axial direction of the shaft, and adjacent plates 482 are arranged with a phase angle deflected sequentially in the circumferential direction. The bridging plates 482 are rectangular serrated plates, with the serrated ends facing radially outward from the bridging shaft 481. As the bridging plates 482 rotate with the bridging shaft 481, a continuous spiral pushing flow field is formed within the application vehicle 1. The serrated structure continuously cuts and breaks up the formed material bridging, while simultaneously assisting in the downstream transport of the material, ensuring a continuous and stable supply of the biochar modifier to the material guiding and adjusting mechanism 4.

[0209] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0210] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A biochar amendment application device for tobacco field cultivation, comprising an application vehicle (1), characterized in that: The first discharge port (2) is symmetrically positioned at the rear end of the application vehicle (1); The second discharge port (3) is respectively provided on both sides of the application vehicle (1) and is located close to the first discharge port (2); The material guiding adjustment mechanism (4) is installed in the application vehicle (1) and is used to selectively guide the biochar improver in the same silo to the first discharge port (2) or the second discharge port (3). An adjustable application mechanism (5) is mirror-symmetrically positioned at the bottom of the application vehicle (1) and near the rear end, comprising: The central adjustment component (6) is located at the bottom of the application vehicle (1) and is used to drive the spreading disc (9) to rotate to switch the working position; The telescopic adjustment component (7) is located on one side of the central adjustment component (6) and is used to adjust the lateral extension distance of the application disc (9); The application tray (9) is located at the end of the telescopic adjustment assembly (7); The material guiding adjustment mechanism (4) is linked with the adjustable spreading mechanism (5). When the material guiding adjustment mechanism (4) guides the material to the first discharge port (2), the central adjustment component (6) drives the spreading disc (9) to rotate to the rear position, forming a rear-positioned wide-width spreading mode. When the material guiding adjustment mechanism (4) guides the material to the second discharge port (3), the central adjustment component (6) drives the spreading disc (9) to rotate to the side position, and the telescopic adjustment component (7) extends to the side of the tobacco ridge, forming a side-positioned precise strip spreading mode. The adjustable spreading mechanisms (5) on both sides of the bottom of the application vehicle (1) are independently controlled and can be selectively configured as same-side mode or opposite-side mode to achieve single-side operation, double-side same-direction operation or double-side opposite-direction operation.

2. The biochar amendment application device for tobacco field planting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material guiding adjustment mechanism (4) includes: The first guide column (41) is triangular in shape and is mounted above the application vehicle (1); The first fixing rod (42) is arranged in mirror symmetry inside the application vehicle (1), with one end fixedly installed on the side wall of the first guide column (41) and the other end fixedly installed on the side wall of the application vehicle (1); Adjustment plates (43) are arranged in a mirror symmetrical manner on both sides of the first guide column (41). Each adjustment plate (43) is formed by hinged connection of a fixed plate (431) and a movable plate (432). One end of the fixed plate (431) is fixedly installed on the side wall of the application vehicle (1), and the other end is driven and connected to the movable plate (432) through a servo motor (433). The end of the movable plate (432) overlaps the side wall of the first guide column (41). The regulating plate (43) has two working states: In the closed state, the fixed plate (431) and the movable plate (432) are connected in parallel and together with the side wall of the first guide column (41) form a conical closed structure to close the first discharge port (2) and open the second discharge port (3). In the open state, the movable plate (432) abuts against the side wall of the application vehicle (1), and the fixed plate (431) and the movable plate (432) are tapered to close the second discharge port (3) while opening the first discharge port (2).

3. The biochar amendment application device for tobacco field planting according to claim 2, characterized in that, The material guiding adjustment mechanism (4) further includes: The second guide column (44) is triangular in shape and is located between the two adjustment plates (43). Each of its edges is rounded, and its top edge faces the first guide column (41). The fixing plate (431) is parallel to the side wall of the second guide column (44). The second fixing rod (45) is fixedly installed at one end on the side wall of the second guide column (44) and at the other end on the side wall of the application vehicle (1); The guide vane (46) is fixedly installed on the side wall of the second guide column (44), and its end extends to the edge of the first discharge port (2); The guide plate (46) is in the shape of an arc plate, with its arc concave surface facing the side wall of the second guide column (44). The end of the guide plate (46) is inclined downward, and the width of the guide plate (46) gradually narrows from the fixed end to the end, which is used to gather and guide the material after being diverted by the second guide column (44) to the first discharge port (2).

4. The biochar amendment application device for tobacco field planting according to claim 3, characterized in that, The material guiding adjustment mechanism (4) further includes a central dividing assembly (47), which includes: The first central partition plate (471) is disposed between the top wall of the application vehicle (1) and the first guide column (41). One end is movably inserted into the first insertion plate (472) on the side wall of the application vehicle (1), and the other end is movably inserted into the second insertion plate (473) on the top of the first guide column (41). The second central partition plate (474) is disposed between the first guide column (41) and the second guide column (44). One end is movably inserted into the third insertion plate (475) at the bottom of the first guide column (41), and the other end is movably inserted into the fourth insertion plate (476) at the top of the second guide column (44).

5. A biochar amendment application device for tobacco field cultivation according to claim 4, characterized in that, The material guiding adjustment mechanism (4) further includes an anti-bridging component (48), which includes: The arch-breaking shaft (481) is mirror-symmetrically arranged in the upper middle part of the application vehicle (1), with one end rotatably installed on the inner side wall of the application vehicle (1) and the other end rotatably installed on the side wall of the first fixing rod (42). The arch-breaking pieces (482) are arranged in a spiral shape along the arch-breaking axis (481); A front motor (483) is mounted in a mirror image symmetrically on the outer wall of the application vehicle (1), and its output end is fixedly connected to the arch-breaking shaft (481); The arch-breaking plate (482) is a rectangular sawtooth plate. Each of the arch-breaking plates (482) is equidistantly spaced along the axial direction of the arch-breaking shaft (481), and adjacent arch-breaking plates (482) are arranged in a phase angle in the circumferential direction. The sawtooth ends of the arch-breaking plates (482) face the radial outside of the arch-breaking shaft (481), and when each of the arch-breaking plates (482) rotates with the arch-breaking shaft (481), a continuous spiral pushing flow field is formed in the application vehicle (1) to bridge the crushed material and assist the material in being transported downstream.

6. The biochar amendment application device for tobacco field planting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central control assembly (6) includes: The fixed seat (61) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the application vehicle (1), and an annular movable groove is provided on the outer wall. The annular movable groove is arranged around the fixed seat (61) in a circumferential direction. The movable seat (62) is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the fixed seat (61), and the inner wall is provided with a movable ring that slides with the annular movable groove; The rotating column (63) is rotatably installed in the fixed seat (61) at the top and fixedly connected to the movable seat (62) at the bottom. A driven gear (64) is fixedly sleeved on the column. The drive motor (65) is fixedly installed in the fixed base (61), and its output end is fixedly installed with a drive gear (66) that meshes with the driven gear (64).

7. A biochar amendment application device for tobacco field cultivation according to claim 6, characterized in that, The telescopic adjustment assembly (7) includes: The first telescopic rod (71) is arranged parallel to the side wall of the movable seat (63); The second telescopic rod (72) is slidably sleeved on the outside of the first telescopic rod (71); A fixed plate base (73) is fixedly installed at the end of the second telescopic rod (72), and a rotating connecting column (74) is rotatably installed on the top. The cross-section of the rotating connecting column (74) is elliptical. A support plate (75) is fixedly installed between the two first telescopic rods (71); An electric telescopic rod (76) is fixedly installed on the support plate (75), and an end plate (77) is fixedly installed at its telescopic end. The two sides of the end plate (77) are respectively fixedly connected to the two second telescopic rods (72).

8. A biochar amendment application device for tobacco field cultivation according to claim 7, characterized in that, The spreading plate (9) includes: The disc body (91) is rotatably mounted on the rotating connecting column (74) at the upper end of the fixed disc base (73), and the top is locked and fixed to the rotating connecting column (74) by fastening bolts (92); The application baffles (93) are evenly distributed on the upper surface of the disc body (91) in a circular pattern. Each application baffle (93) is in the shape of an arc blade and extends radially from the inside to the outside along the disc body (91). The height of each application baffle (93) gradually decreases from the center of the disc body (91) to the edge. The control motor (94) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the disc body (91), and its output end is fixedly connected to the rotating connecting column (74); The spreading baffle (93) spreads the material tangentially when it rotates with the disc (91), and the spreading width and spreading density can be adjusted by changing the spreading baffle (93) with different arc and height.

9. A biochar amendment application device for tobacco field cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustable application mechanism (5) further includes an auxiliary fixing component (8), which includes: The first auxiliary fixing seat (81) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the application vehicle (1) and is correspondingly located below the first discharge port (2); The second auxiliary fixing seat (82) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the application vehicle (1) and is correspondingly located below the second discharge port (3); The first L-shaped pin (83) is fixedly installed on the side wall of the second telescopic rod (72) on one side and is movably inserted into the first slot (84) of the first auxiliary fixing seat (81); The second L-shaped pin (85) is fixedly installed on the side wall of the second telescopic rod (72) on the other side and is movably inserted into the second slot (86) of the second auxiliary fixing seat (82); Among them, only one of the first L-shaped pin (83) and the second L-shaped pin (85) is inserted into the corresponding auxiliary fixing seat at any given time.

10. A biochar amendment application device for tobacco field cultivation according to claim 9, characterized in that, The auxiliary fixing component (8) also includes: The first locking touch button (811) is fixedly installed on the side wall of the first auxiliary fixing seat (81), and its pressing end abuts against the side wall of the first telescopic rod (71) on the corresponding side. The first electromagnet (812) is embedded in the first slot (84); The first adsorption magnet (813) is embedded at the end of the corresponding first L-shaped pin (83) and is attracted to the first electromagnet (812); The second locking touch button (821) is fixedly installed on the side wall of the second auxiliary fixing seat (82), and its pressing end abuts against the side wall of the first telescopic rod (71) on the corresponding side; The second electromagnet (822) is fitted into the second slot (86); The second adsorption magnet (823) is embedded at the end of the corresponding second L-shaped pin (85) and is attracted to the second electromagnet (822).

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