An intelligent control system for water and fertilizer integration

Abstract

The application discloses a water and fertilizer integrated intelligent control system, and mainly relates to the technical field of water and fertilizer control, which comprises a plurality of water and fertilizer drip irrigation units arranged in farmland, a control system and a water and fertilizer mixing device, wherein the water and fertilizer drip irrigation unit comprises a controller, a drip irrigation pipe and a plurality of sensor groups arranged uniformly along the length direction of the drip irrigation pipe; the input end of the drip irrigation pipe is connected with a mixing tank; a helical protrusion is arranged on the inner wall of the mixing tank; a first branch pipe connected with a water and fertilizer mixing pipeline and a second branch pipe connected with a dilution pipeline are arranged at the end of the mixing tank; and a plurality of helical groove pipes are arranged on the water and fertilizer mixing pipeline; the water and fertilizer ratio of each drip irrigation pipe is adjusted twice, so that the water and fertilizer ratio output by the drip irrigation pipe is as close as possible to the water and fertilizer ratio required by crops; meanwhile, the water and fertilizer mixture generates a cyclone in the conveying pipeline, waste deposition in the pipeline is reduced, fertilizer loss is reduced, and water and fertilizer utilization efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water and fertilizer regulation technology, specifically an integrated water and fertilizer intelligent regulation system. Background Technology

[0002] The integrated water and fertilizer intelligent control system is a core technology for modern agricultural precision management. The system adopts a four-layer architecture design: sensing layer, network layer, platform layer, and application layer. During operation, the water-fertilizer ratio is usually regulated based on the conductivity, pH, and moisture content detected by the sensing layer to ensure that the output water-fertilizer ratio meets the needs of crops. However, in actual operation, on the one hand, the various indicators vary between different plots and different locations within the same plot, which leads to diverse water-fertilizer ratio requirements. Using only one water-fertilizer mixing device cannot meet the diverse water-fertilizer ratio requirements. On the other hand, some fertilizer sediment is generated when the water-fertilizer mixture is transported in the pipeline, resulting in a lower fertilizer ratio in the final water-fertilizer mixture dripped near the roots. All of these factors lead to a difference between the actual water-fertilizer ratio and the water-fertilizer ratio required by the crops, resulting in water and fertilizer utilization efficiency failing to meet expectations. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems existing in the prior art and provide an integrated water and fertilizer intelligent control system. By adjusting the water-fertilizer ratio of each drip irrigation pipe, the water-fertilizer ratio output by the drip irrigation pipe is made as close as possible to the water-fertilizer ratio required by the crops. At the same time, the water-fertilizer mixture generates swirling flow in the delivery pipe, reducing waste sedimentation in the pipe, reducing fertilizer loss, and improving water and fertilizer utilization efficiency.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical solution: A water and fertilizer integrated intelligent control system includes several water and fertilizer drip irrigation units arranged in farmland, a control system, and a water and fertilizer mixing device. Each water and fertilizer drip irrigation unit has a unique ID. Each water and fertilizer drip irrigation unit includes a controller, a drip irrigation pipe, and several sets of sensor groups evenly arranged along the length of the drip irrigation pipe. Each set of sensor groups includes a soil temperature and humidity sensor, a soil EC value sensor, and a soil pH value sensor. The input end of the drip irrigation pipe is connected to a mixing tank. The inner wall of the mixing tank has spiral protrusions. At the end of the mixing tank, there is a first branch pipe connected to the water and fertilizer mixing pipeline and a second branch pipe connected to the dilution pipeline. Both the first and second branch pipes are equipped with flow control valves. The water and fertilizer mixing pipeline connects to the water and fertilizer mixing system. The system is connected to a mixing device. The water and fertilizer mixing pipeline is equipped with several sections of spiral grooved pipe. The dilution pipeline is connected to a water storage tank. Both the dilution pipeline and the water and fertilizer mixing pipeline are equipped with a delivery pump. The soil temperature and humidity sensor, soil EC value sensor, soil pH value sensor, and flow control valve are all connected to the controller signal. The water and fertilizer mixing device, controller, and delivery pump are all connected to the control system signal. The control system determines the required water-fertilizer ratio for each water and fertilizer drip irrigation unit based on the soil indicators obtained by each water and fertilizer drip irrigation unit. Then, the minimum water-fertilizer ratio is used as the water-fertilizer ratio output by the water and fertilizer mixing device. Finally, in each water and fertilizer drip irrigation unit, the water and fertilizer mixture is diluted to the required water-fertilizer ratio in the mixing tank by adjusting the flow control valve on the second branch pipe.

[0005] Preferably, the mixing tank is placed vertically, the bottom ends of the first branch pipe and the second branch pipe are fixed to the top edge of the mixing tank, and the openings of the first branch pipe and the second branch pipe are directly opposite the protrusion. The input end of the drip irrigation pipe is connected to the bottom end of the mixing tank.

[0006] Preferably, the end of the mixing tank near the drip irrigation pipe is conical.

[0007] Preferably, the mixing tank is equipped with a pipeline EC sensor.

[0008] Preferably, the water-fertilizer mixing device includes an output three-way valve located at the end of the water-fertilizer mixing pipeline. One port of the output three-way valve is connected to an alkaline mixing tank, and the other port is connected to an acid mixing tank. The alkaline mixing tank and the acid mixing tank are connected to an input three-way valve through pipelines. The input end of the input three-way valve is connected to a water supply pipe. The end of the water supply pipe away from the input three-way valve is inserted into a water storage tank, and a water supply pump is provided on the water supply pipe.

[0009] Preferably, both the alkaline mixing tank and the acid mixing tank are provided with a feeding port at the top, and a grinding mechanism and a screen are arranged in sequence from top to bottom inside the feeding port.

[0010] Preferably, the grinding mechanism includes two grinding rollers, and cranks are provided at both ends of the central shaft of one of the grinding rollers. A connecting rod is hinged to the crank, and the end of the connecting rod away from the crank is hinged to the screen. A plurality of connecting springs are provided on the top edge of the screen, and a connecting frame for installing the connecting springs is provided in the feeding port.

[0011] Preferably, at least one section of spiral groove pipe is provided in the water-fertilizer mixing pipeline between two adjacent first branch pipes.

[0012] Preferably, the water storage tank is vertically equipped with a dividing filter device, which divides the water storage tank into two spaces, one of which is a sedimentation tank and the other is a clear water tank.

[0013] Preferably, the separation filtration device includes a cage body disposed in a water storage tank and a baffle plate, a sand and gravel filter layer, a stacked filter layer, and a filter screen filter layer arranged sequentially in the cage body. A sliding groove adapted to the baffle plate is vertically provided on the side of the cage body near the sedimentation tank. The bottom surface of the sedimentation tank is an inclined surface, and the height of the bottom surface of the sedimentation tank on the side near the cage body is higher than the height of the bottom surface on the side away from the cage body.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. This invention uses the area covered by a single drip irrigation pipe as a unit area, and performs fine adjustment on the water-fertilizer ratio required for each unit area. The soil index of its unit area is obtained by the sensor group of each water-fertilizer drip irrigation unit, and the soil index is sent to the control system. The control system then determines the water-fertilizer ratio required for each unit area, and takes the minimum water-fertilizer ratio as the water-fertilizer ratio output by the water-fertilizer mixing device. Finally, in each water-fertilizer drip irrigation unit, the water-fertilizer mixture is diluted to the required water-fertilizer ratio in the mixing tank by adjusting the flow control valve on the second branch pipe. By performing secondary adjustment on the water-fertilizer ratio of each unit area, the water-fertilizer ratio output by the drip irrigation pipe is made as close as possible to the water-fertilizer ratio required by the crops, thus achieving the purpose of fine adjustment of the water-fertilizer ratio.

[0015] 2. The present invention has several spiral groove pipes in the water-fertilizer mixing pipeline. When the water-fertilizer mixture flows through the spiral groove pipe, the water-fertilizer mixture generates swirling flow in the spiral groove pipe, so that the water-fertilizer mixture is transported in the water-fertilizer mixing pipeline in a swirling manner, which can reduce the sedimentation of waste in the pipeline, reduce fertilizer loss, and improve water and fertilizer utilization efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the mixing tank.

[0018] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the feeding port structure.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the water storage tank.

[0020] The attached diagram is labeled as follows: 1. Drip irrigation pipe; 2. Mixing tank; 21. Protrusion; 22. First branch pipe; 23. Second branch pipe; 24. Flow control valve; 25. Pipeline EC sensor; 3. Water-fertilizer mixing pipeline; 31. Spiral groove pipe; 4. Dilution pipeline; 5. Water storage tank; 6. Delivery pump; 7. Output three-way valve; 71. Alkali mixing tank; 72. Acid mixing tank; 73. Input three-way valve; 74. Water delivery pipe; 75. Water supply pump; 8. Feeding port; 81. Grinding mechanism; 82. Screen; 83. Crank; 84. Connecting rod; 85. Connecting spring; 86. Connecting frame; 9. Separating filter device; 91. Cage; 92. Partition; 93. Sand and gravel filter layer; 94. Disc filter layer; 95. Filter screen filter layer. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will be further illustrated below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, it should be understood that after reading the teachings of this invention, those skilled in the art can make various alterations or modifications to the invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined in this application.

[0022] Example: Figures 1-4 The present invention describes an integrated water and fertilizer intelligent control system, comprising several water and fertilizer drip irrigation units arranged in farmland, a control system, and a water and fertilizer mixing device. The farmland is divided into several unit areas, and one water and fertilizer drip irrigation unit is arranged in each unit area. A local area network is built in the farmland. Each water and fertilizer drip irrigation unit communicates with the control system wirelessly. Each water and fertilizer drip irrigation unit has a unique ID, and each water and fertilizer drip irrigation unit is numbered to distinguish different water and fertilizer drip irrigation units.

[0023] Each of the aforementioned drip irrigation units includes a controller, a drip irrigation pipe 1, and several groups of sensors evenly arranged along the length of the drip irrigation pipe 1. The sensors in each sensor group are all sensors with wireless transmission capabilities. The controller is equipped with a wireless transmission module. Each group of sensors includes a soil temperature and humidity sensor, a soil EC value sensor, and a soil pH value sensor, which are used to detect the soil condition within the unit area and summarize the detection results to the controller, which then sends them to the control system.

[0024] The input end of the drip irrigation pipe 1 is connected to the mixing tank 2. The inner wall of the mixing tank 2 is provided with a spiral protrusion 21. At the end of the mixing tank 2, there is a first branch pipe 22 connected to the water-fertilizer mixing pipeline 3 and a second branch pipe 23 connected to the dilution pipeline 4. The water-fertilizer mixing pipeline 3 is used to transport the water-fertilizer mixture, and the dilution pipeline 4 is used to transport clean water. The water-fertilizer mixture is diluted in the mixing tank 2 to meet the water-fertilizer ratio required for this unit area.

[0025] Both the first branch pipe 22 and the second branch pipe 23 are equipped with flow control valves 24, which are used to control the ratio of clean water and water-fertilizer mixture entering the mixing tank 2. The clean water and water-fertilizer mixture impact the protrusion 21 and generate swirling flow in the mixing tank 2, which enables the clean water and water-fertilizer mixture to be mixed.

[0026] The water-fertilizer mixing pipeline 3 is connected to the water-fertilizer mixing device. The water-fertilizer mixing pipeline 3 is provided with several sections of spiral groove pipe 31. The dilution pipeline 4 is connected to the water storage tank 5. Both the dilution pipeline 4 and the water-fertilizer mixing pipeline 3 are equipped with a delivery pump 6. The water-fertilizer mixture generates swirling flow in the spiral groove pipe 31, so that the water-fertilizer mixture is transported in the water-fertilizer mixing pipeline 3 in a swirling manner, which can reduce the sedimentation of waste in the pipeline and reduce fertilizer loss.

[0027] The soil temperature and humidity sensor, soil EC value sensor, soil pH value sensor, and flow control valve 24 are all connected to the controller signal. The water and fertilizer mixing device, controller, and delivery pump 6 are all connected to the control system signal. The control system determines the required water and fertilizer ratio for each unit area based on the soil indicators obtained by each water and fertilizer drip irrigation unit. Then, the minimum water and fertilizer ratio is used as the water and fertilizer ratio output by the water and fertilizer mixing device. Finally, in each unit area where the water and fertilizer drip irrigation unit is located, the water and fertilizer mixture is diluted to the required water and fertilizer ratio in the mixing tank 2 by adjusting the flow control valve 24 on the second branch pipe 23. By performing secondary adjustment of the water and fertilizer ratio in each unit area, the water and fertilizer ratio output by the drip irrigation pipe is made as close as possible to the water and fertilizer ratio required by the crops, so as to achieve the purpose of fine adjustment of the water and fertilizer ratio.

[0028] In this embodiment, the mixing tank 2 is placed vertically. The bottom ends of the first branch pipe 22 and the second branch pipe 23 are both fixed to the top edge of the mixing tank 2, and the openings of the first branch pipe 22 and the second branch pipe 23 are directly opposite the protrusion 21. The input end of the drip irrigation pipe 1 is connected to the bottom end of the mixing tank 2, which can improve the mixing effect of clean water and water-fertilizer mixture. Preferably, the end of the mixing tank 2 near the drip irrigation pipe 1 is conical, and the drip irrigation pipe 1 is connected to the center of the conical bottom of the mixing tank 2, which can reduce fertilizer residue on the inner wall of the mixing tank 2. Preferably, the mixing tank 2 is equipped with a pipeline EC sensor 25, which is connected to the controller signal and used to detect the conductivity of the solution in the mixing tank 2.

[0029] In this embodiment, the water-fertilizer mixing device includes an output three-way valve 7 located at the end of the water-fertilizer mixing pipeline 3. One port of the output three-way valve 7 is connected to an alkaline mixing tank 71, and the other port is connected to an acid mixing tank 72. The alkaline mixing tank 71 and the acid mixing tank 72 are connected to an input three-way valve 73 via pipelines. The input end of the input three-way valve 73 is connected to a water supply pipe 74. The end of the water supply pipe 74 away from the input three-way valve 73 is inserted into a water storage tank 5, and a water supply pump 75 is provided on the water supply pipe 74 to provide separate mixing tanks for acidic and alkaline fertilizers, thereby reducing fertilizer loss caused by acid-base neutralization.

[0030] Preferably, the top of both the alkaline mixing tank 71 and the acid mixing tank 72 is provided with a feeding port 8. The feeding port 8 is provided with a grinding mechanism 81 and a screen 82 from top to bottom. By further grinding and screening the fertilizer, the fertilizer can be more easily dissolved in water, reducing particulate matter in the water-fertilizer mixture and reducing fertilizer deposition on the inner wall of the pipe.

[0031] Furthermore, the screen 82 is mainly composed of a rectangular screen frame and a screen body fixed within the rectangular screen frame. The grinding mechanism 81 includes two grinding rollers, and cranks 83 are provided at both ends of the central shaft of one of the grinding rollers. A connecting rod 84 is hinged to the crank 83. The end of the connecting rod 84 away from the crank 83 is hinged to the rectangular screen frame of the screen 82. Several connecting springs 85 are provided on the top edge of the screen 82. A connecting frame 86 for installing the connecting springs 85 is provided in the feed port 8. When the grinding roller rotates, it can drive the screen 82 to shake up and down, which can reduce the probability of the screen 82 being blocked.

[0032] In this embodiment, at least one section of spiral groove pipe 31 is provided on the water-fertilizer mixing pipeline 3 between two adjacent first branch pipes 22, which can generate intermittent swirling flow on the water-fertilizer mixing pipeline 3, further reducing fertilizer deposition.

[0033] In this embodiment, in order to reduce particulate matter in the water-fertilizer mixture, a vertically arranged separation filter device 9 is provided in the water storage tank 5. The separation filter device 9 divides the water storage tank 5 into two spaces, one of which is a sedimentation tank and the other is a clear water tank. The clear water tank supplies water to this system. By pre-treating the water source, scale buildup is prevented from clogging the pipes. Preferably, the separation filtration device 9 includes a cage 91 disposed in the water storage tank 5, and a partition 92, a sand and gravel filter layer 93, a disc filter layer 94, and a mesh filter layer 95 arranged sequentially within the cage 91. A chute adapted to the partition 92 is vertically provided on the side of the cage 91 near the sedimentation tank. The bottom surface of the sedimentation tank is inclined, and the height of the bottom surface of the sedimentation tank on the side near the cage 91 is higher than the height of the bottom surface on the side away from the cage 91. The cage 91 is a steel cage welded from steel bars, and a wire mesh is wrapped around the steel cage. The graded filtration improves the filtration effect. When the partition 92 is inserted into the chute, the partition separates the sedimentation tank from the clear water tank. In use, the water in the sedimentation tank is first allowed to settle, and the sediment automatically accumulates at one end of the bottom of the sedimentation tank. Then, the partition 92 is pulled upward, and the sand and gravel filter layer 93, the disc filter layer 94, and the mesh filter layer 95 filter in sequence, which can improve the water treatment effect.

Claims

1. A water and fertilizer integrated intelligent control system, comprising several water and fertilizer drip irrigation units arranged in farmland, a control system, and a water and fertilizer mixing device, characterized in that: Each of the aforementioned water and fertilizer drip irrigation units has a unique ID. The water and fertilizer drip irrigation unit includes a controller, a drip irrigation pipe (1), and several sets of sensor groups evenly arranged along the length of the drip irrigation pipe (1). Each set of sensor groups includes a soil temperature and humidity sensor, a soil EC value sensor, and a soil pH value sensor. The input end of the drip irrigation pipe (1) is connected to a mixing tank (2). The inner wall of the mixing tank (2) is provided with a spiral protrusion (21). At the end of the mixing tank (2), there is a first branch pipe (22) connected to the water and fertilizer mixing pipeline (3) and a second branch pipe (23) connected to the dilution pipeline (4). Both the first branch pipe (22) and the second branch pipe (23) are provided with flow control valves (24). The water and fertilizer mixing pipeline (3) is connected to a water and fertilizer mixing device. The upper part is provided with several spiral groove pipes (31). The dilution pipe (4) is connected to the water storage tank (5). The dilution pipe (4) and the water-fertilizer mixing pipe (3) are both equipped with a delivery pump (6). The soil temperature and humidity sensor, soil EC value sensor, soil pH value sensor, and flow control valve (24) are all connected to the controller signal. The water-fertilizer mixing device, controller, and delivery pump (6) are all connected to the control system signal. The control system determines the required water-fertilizer ratio for each water-fertilizer drip irrigation unit based on the soil index obtained by each water-fertilizer drip irrigation unit. Then, the minimum water-fertilizer ratio is used as the water-fertilizer ratio output by the water-fertilizer mixing device. Finally, in each water-fertilizer drip irrigation unit, the water-fertilizer mixture is diluted to the required water-fertilizer ratio in the mixing tank (2) by adjusting the flow control valve (24) on the second branch pipe (23).

2. The intelligent water and fertilizer integration control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mixing tank (2) is placed vertically. The bottom ends of the first branch pipe (22) and the second branch pipe (23) are fixed to the top edge of the mixing tank (2), and the openings of the first branch pipe (22) and the second branch pipe (23) are facing the protrusion (21). The input end of the drip irrigation pipe (1) is connected to the bottom end of the mixing tank (2).

3. The intelligent water and fertilizer integration control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mixing tank (2) is conical at the end near the drip irrigation pipe (1).

4. The integrated water and fertilizer intelligent control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mixing tank (2) is equipped with a pipeline EC sensor (25).

5. The intelligent water and fertilizer integration control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water-fertilizer mixing device includes an output three-way valve (7) located at the end of the water-fertilizer mixing pipeline (3). One port of the output three-way valve (7) is connected to the alkaline mixing tank (71), and the other port is connected to the acid mixing tank (72). The alkaline mixing tank (71) and the acid mixing tank (72) are connected to the input three-way valve (73) through pipelines. The input end of the input three-way valve (73) is connected to a water supply pipe (74). The end of the water supply pipe (74) away from the input three-way valve (73) is inserted into the water storage tank (5), and a water supply pump (75) is provided on the water supply pipe (74).

6. The integrated water and fertilizer intelligent control system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The top of both the alkaline mixing tank (71) and the acid mixing tank (72) is provided with a feeding port (8), and a grinding mechanism (81) and a screen (82) are arranged in the feeding port (8) from top to bottom.

7. The integrated water and fertilizer intelligent control system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The grinding mechanism (81) includes two grinding rollers, and cranks (83) are provided at both ends of the central shaft of one of the grinding rollers. A connecting rod (84) is hinged on the crank (83). The end of the connecting rod (84) away from the crank (83) is hinged to the screen (82). Several connecting springs (85) are provided on the top edge of the screen (82). A connecting frame (86) for installing the connecting springs (85) is provided in the feeding port (8).

8. The intelligent water and fertilizer integration control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one section of spiral groove pipe (31) is provided on the water-fertilizer mixing pipeline (3) between two adjacent first branch pipes (22).

9. The intelligent water and fertilizer integration control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water storage tank (5) is vertically equipped with a separation filter device (9), which divides the water storage tank (5) into two spaces, one of which is a sedimentation tank and the other is a clear water tank.

10. The intelligent water and fertilizer integration control system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The separation and filtration device (9) includes a cage (91) installed in the water storage tank (5) and a partition (92), a sand and gravel filter layer (93), a stacked filter layer (94), and a filter screen filter layer (95) arranged in sequence in the cage (91). A sliding groove adapted to the partition (92) is vertically provided on the side of the cage (91) near the sedimentation tank. The bottom surface of the sedimentation tank is an inclined surface. The height of the bottom surface of the sedimentation tank on the side near the cage (91) is higher than the height of the bottom surface on the side away from the cage (91).

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