Towed lily harvester

Abstract

The present application provides a traction type lily harvester, through a single gearbox double-sided split transmission architecture, precise series transmission of the separated actions of digging, lifting and shaking is carried out, not only greatly reduces the transmission links and the number of parts, simplifies the equipment structure and reduces the manufacturing cost and maintenance difficulty, at the same time, effectively solves the disadvantage of material accumulation caused by poor synchronization of multi-power branch transmission, in addition, for the properties of lily bulb easy to break and easy to miss, the outer plastic rubber strip is used to replace the traditional metal strip, combined with the customized grid size and low angle design, cooperating with the conveying parameters of low speed and long chain body, effectively absorbing the collision impact force in the conveying process and preventing the bulb from falling, under the premise of fully guaranteeing the soil screening efficiency, significantly reducing the skin trauma rate of lily bulb and improving the clear stem rate, combined with the coaxial linkage design of the shaking device and the lifting chain, the soil removal efficiency and the harvesting adaptability of the whole machine are greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery, and in particular to a towed lily harvester. Background Technology

[0002] Lilies, as a specialty economic crop with both medicinal and edible uses, are widely cultivated in Hunan, Gansu, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, and other regions of my country, possessing high economic added value. Their cultivation is primarily done on small to medium-sized plots and hilly slopes. In recent years, with the continuous advancement of domestic agricultural mechanization policies, the overall mechanization rate of planting, harvesting, and processing of medicinal herbs and specialty crops has been continuously increasing. However, due to the irregular shape of lily bulbs, their thin and easily damaged outer skin, and the difficulty in separating soil debris from growing areas, most production areas still rely on manual labor for digging and post-harvest soil clearing. This results in extremely low efficiency and high labor intensity, severely restricting the development of the lily industry towards large-scale production.

[0003] In the existing field of root and tuber crop harvesters, although some equipment has emerged for harvesting root and tuber medicinal materials, most of them are general-purpose harvesters for crops such as potatoes, pinellia, and astragalus. For example, some existing towed harvesters include a digging shovel, a common metal grid-type lifting chain, and an independently set vibration separation mechanism. However, these general-purpose models all have obvious defects: First, most of them adopt a multi-power branch design, with digging, lifting, and shaking separation driven by different transmission components or independent power sources. This not only results in a long transmission chain, bulky structure, and numerous parts, but also easily leads to material accumulation due to asynchronous actions. Second, their lifting chains are generally made of metal or ordinary plate structure. When conveying bulbous medicinal materials, the hard metal bars can easily scratch the outer skin of lily bulbs, causing a significant reduction in commercial grade. Moreover, the inclination angle, speed, and screen size of their lifting chains are mostly general designs for long-rooted crops, without taking into account the characteristics of lily bulbs being prone to rolling, missed harvesting, or jamming. Third, they usually cannot ensure that the shaking separation mechanism matches the lifting speed, resulting in insufficient soil removal and requiring a large amount of manual secondary soil cleaning after harvesting.

[0004] Therefore, developing a specialized lily harvesting equipment that can simultaneously solve the problems of difficult synchronous transmission, high bulb trauma, large pesticide leakage rate, and incomplete soil removal during the harvesting process has become an urgent technical challenge in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a towed lily harvester to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: This invention provides a towed lily harvester, comprising: Mainframe rack; A suspension connection component is disposed at the front end of the main frame; A ground wheel component, wherein the ground wheel component is disposed at the rear end of the main frame; A power transmission component, the power transmission component including a gearbox disposed above the main frame, the gearbox having dual power output ends; The excavation and conveying component includes a grass-cutting disc disposed at the front end of the main frame, an eccentric connecting mechanism disposed behind the grass-cutting disc, the eccentric connecting mechanism being drivenly connected to the double power output ends of the gearbox, and a movable shovel is connected thereto. The lifting and separating component includes a chain plate device composed of a flexible lifting chain, which is driven by a lifting chain drive shaft. The flexible lifting chain is formed by outer plastic rubber grid strips to form a screen with a mesh size of 40mm×40mm. The flexible lifting chain is arranged at an angle of 12° on the main frame. The lifting chain drive shaft is connected to the gearbox via a bridge device. A soil-shaking device is also connected to the lifting chain drive shaft.

[0007] Preferably, the left output shaft of the gearbox is connected to the lifting chain drive shaft via a sprocket and chain, and the right end of the lifting chain drive shaft is connected to the shaking roller of the soil shaking device via a sprocket and chain.

[0008] Preferably, the surface of the chain plate device is covered with a flexible buffer layer, and the outer plastic rubber grid strip is wrapped around the outer surface of the chain plate, forming a flexible conveying surface for absorbing collision impact force and avoiding scratching the epidermis of the lily bulb.

[0009] Preferably, the mesh of the screen is arranged in a rectangular array of 40mm×40mm to match the diameter of the mainstream lily bulbs, so as to prevent the lily bulbs from falling and allow broken soil clods to leak out.

[0010] Preferably, the flexible lifting chain is a low-speed, extended chain structure used to prolong the residence time of the lily bulbs on the conveying section.

[0011] Preferably, the suspension connection component includes an upper suspension frame and a lower suspension frame, wherein the upper suspension frame and the lower suspension frame form a three-point suspension structure for attachment to an external tractor.

[0012] Preferably, the ground wheel component is provided with a digging depth adjustment structure for adjusting the relative height between the ground wheel and the main frame.

[0013] Preferably, the grass-cutting disc is arranged in front of the working path of the moving shovel to cut weeds and vines in the field before digging.

[0014] Preferably, the bridging device is arranged above the flexible lifting chain.

[0015] Preferably, the input end of the gearbox is connected to the power output shaft of the tractor to obtain all the driving power required for the operation of the harvester.

[0016] The present invention achieves the following beneficial technical effects compared to the prior art: The present invention provides a tractor-driven lily harvester with a compact overall structure, good transmission synchronization, and high harvesting quality. Through a single-gearbox, dual-side split-drive transmission architecture, the machine precisely serializes the actions of digging, lifting, and shaking, significantly reducing the number of transmission links and parts, simplifying the equipment structure, and lowering manufacturing costs and maintenance difficulty. It also effectively solves the problem of material accumulation caused by poor synchronization in multi-power branch transmissions. Furthermore, considering the easily damaged and missed-harvesting properties of lily bulbs, it uses external plastic rubber strips instead of traditional metal strips. Combined with a customized 40mm×40mm grid size and a low-angle design of 12°, along with low-speed, long-chain conveying parameters, it effectively absorbs the impact force during transport and prevents bulb leakage. While ensuring sufficient soil screening efficiency, it significantly reduces the skin damage rate of lily bulbs and increases the percentage of exposed bulbs. In addition, the coaxial linkage design of the shaking device and the lifting chain greatly improves the overall soil removal efficiency and harvesting adaptability, effectively meeting the actual needs of mechanized, low-loss harvesting of high-value-added lily bulbs. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the left side structure of the tractor-type lily harvester provided by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the tractor-type lily harvester provided by the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the right side structure of the tractor-type lily harvester provided by the present invention; Figure 4 This is a top view of the towed lily harvester provided by the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the chain plate device in the traction-type lily harvester provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] Unless otherwise specified, the terms "connection" and "linkage" used in this application include both direct and indirect connections (linkages). In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention.

[0020] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] The purpose of this invention is to provide a towed lily harvester to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0023] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0024] Example 1: Reference Figures 1 to 5 The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to this specification. The towed lily harvester includes a main frame and a gearbox 9, an upper suspension 1, a lower suspension 2, a grass-cutting disc 6, an eccentric connection mechanism 3, a bridge device 4, a moving shovel part 7, a chain drive shaft 5, a ground wheel part 8, a soil-shaking device 10, and a chain device 11, all mounted on the main frame. The whole machine adopts a towed suspension structure and is powered by a tractor for both travel and operation, effectively meeting the low-loss and high-efficiency operation requirements for lily bulb harvesting.

[0025] The front end of the main frame is equipped with an upper suspension 1 and a lower suspension 2, which together form a three-point suspension structure for connecting to the rear of an external tractor. This allows the equipment to be stably suspended behind the tractor to adapt to different terrains and planting areas. At the rear of the main frame is a ground wheel section 8. In addition to supporting the main frame, this ground wheel section 8 also features a digging depth adjustment mechanism. By adjusting the relative height between the ground wheel section 8 and the main frame, the digging depth of the front moving shovel section 7 can be flexibly controlled to adapt to different lily harvesting conditions based on growth depth and soil type.

[0026] A gearbox 9 is mounted above the main frame. The input end of the gearbox 9 connects to the tractor's power take-off shaft, receiving all the driving power output from the tractor and distributing it to the various actuators of the harvester. The gearbox 9 has dual power take-off ends. A grass-cutting disc 6 is also located at the front of the main frame, positioned in front of the moving shovel section 7. This disc cuts weeds and vines growing in the field before digging begins, preventing them from entangled in the digging components. An eccentric connection mechanism 3 is located behind the grass-cutting disc 6. One output shaft of the gearbox 9 drives the eccentric connection mechanism 3 via a sprocket and chain. This mechanism converts rotary motion into reciprocating motion, driving the moving shovel section 7 to perform high-frequency reciprocating digging, effectively breaking up and excavating the lily bulbs and surrounding soil. Simultaneously, a power branch also branches off from the same output shaft of the gearbox 9, driving the chain plate drive shaft 5 via a sprocket and chain to lift and transport the lily bulbs. At the right end of the chain plate drive shaft 5, the chain plate drive shaft 5 directly drives the soil shaking device 10 through the sprocket chain, so that the lifting and soil shaking actions share the same power source, realizing the synchronous linkage of the three actions of digging, lifting and soil shaking separation. The whole machine has a compact structure and good synchronization, effectively avoiding the problems of numerous transmission links, poor synchronization and material accumulation that are inevitable in the independent transmission of multiple power branches.

[0027] A chain plate device 11 is inclinedly arranged on the main frame. Driven by a chain plate drive shaft 5, this device receives the lily bulbs and soil mixture excavated and conveyed by the moving shovel section 7, and transports it upwards and backwards. The surface of the chain plate device 11 is wrapped with outer plastic rubber strips, forming a flexible and buffering conveying surface. This effectively absorbs the impact force generated between the lily bulbs and the strips during transport, preventing damage to the lily bulb epidermis from hard metal components. On the conveying surface of the chain plate device 11, a regular screen mesh structure is formed between the outer plastic rubber strips. The mesh size is fixed at 40mm × 40mm, precisely matched to the diameter of lily bulbs of mainstream cultivated varieties. This effectively prevents lily bulbs from leaking through the mesh while allowing loose soil clods brought up during excavation to pass smoothly through the mesh, avoiding problems such as pesticide leakage and soil blockage.

[0028] Furthermore, the tilt angle of the chain plate device 11 on the main frame was finalized at 12° after multiple rounds of orthogonal testing. Unlike the conventional 15° to 20° tilt angles in existing technologies, the gentle 12° tilt angle, combined with a low-speed, extended chain body, effectively controls the operating speed of the chain plate device 11 and extends the conveying distance and dwell time of the lily bulbs on it. This coupling design of low speed, extended chain body, and 12° tilt angle significantly reduces the rolling frequency and collision probability of the lily bulbs during conveying, allowing them to be conveyed in a relatively stable manner. This significantly reduces the skin damage rate of the harvested lily bulbs and increases the percentage of bulbs with visible stems. A bridging device 4 is installed above the chain plate device 11 for transmission relay.

[0029] When the lily bulbs and soil mixture are conveyed upwards and backwards to the end area via the chain plate device 11, the soil-shaking device 10, coaxially driven by the chain plate drive shaft 5, begins to function. Since the soil-shaking power of the soil-shaking device 10 is directly derived from the chain plate drive shaft 5, its shaking frequency naturally maintains synchronization with the running linear speed of the chain plate device 11. The soil-shaking device 10 generates high-frequency vibrations on the lily bulbs about to leave the chain plate device 11, performing a secondary, powerful stripping of the residual soil adhering to the surface of the lily bulbs and not yet having passed through the screen, achieving thorough separation of the pesticide and soil. Using this series coaxial transmission method, the working frequencies of digging, lifting, and soil-shaking are always coordinated, ensuring excellent soil removal efficiency. The number of transmission components in the entire machine is significantly reduced, and the equipment manufacturing cost and subsequent use and maintenance costs are effectively controlled. This truly meets the core requirements of the large-scale lily planting industry for low-loss, high-efficiency, and reliable traction harvesting equipment.

[0030] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0031] It should be noted that the components mentioned in the above embodiments are all general standard parts or components known to those skilled in the art. Their structures and principles can be learned by those skilled in the art through technical manuals or conventional experimental methods.

[0032] This invention has illustrated its principles and implementation methods using specific examples. The descriptions of these embodiments are merely illustrative of the method and its core ideas; furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that modifications may be made to the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the principles of this invention. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as limiting the invention.

Claims

1. A towed lily harvester, characterized in that: include: Mainframe rack; A suspension connection component is disposed at the front end of the main frame; A ground wheel component, wherein the ground wheel component is disposed at the rear end of the main frame; A power transmission component, the power transmission component including a gearbox disposed above the main frame, the gearbox having dual power output ends; The excavation and conveying component includes a grass-cutting disc disposed at the front end of the main frame, an eccentric connecting mechanism disposed behind the grass-cutting disc, the eccentric connecting mechanism being drivenly connected to the double power output ends of the gearbox, and a movable shovel is connected thereto. The lifting and separating component includes a chain plate device composed of a flexible lifting chain, which is driven by a lifting chain drive shaft. The flexible lifting chain is formed by outer plastic rubber grid strips to form a screen with a mesh size of 40mm×40mm. The flexible lifting chain is arranged at an angle of 12° on the main frame. The lifting chain drive shaft is connected to the gearbox via a bridge device. A soil-shaking device is also connected to the lifting chain drive shaft.

2. The tractor-driven lily harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left output shaft of the gearbox is connected to the lifting chain drive shaft via a sprocket and chain, and the right end of the lifting chain drive shaft is connected to the shaking roller of the soil shaking device via a sprocket and chain.

3. The tractor-driven lily harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the chain plate device is covered with a flexible buffer layer, and the outer plastic rubber grid strip is wrapped around the outer surface of the chain plate, forming a flexible conveying surface for absorbing collision impact force and avoiding scratching the skin of the lily bulb.

4. The tractor-driven lily harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screen mesh is arranged in a rectangular array of 40mm×40mm to match the diameter of the mainstream lily bulbs, so as to prevent the lily bulbs from falling and allow broken soil clods to leak out.

5. The tractor-driven lily harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flexible lifting chain is a low-speed, extended chain structure used to prolong the residence time of lily bulbs on the conveying section.

6. The tractor-driven lily harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The suspension connection component includes an upper suspension frame and a lower suspension frame. The upper suspension frame and the lower suspension frame form a three-point suspension structure for connecting with an external tractor.

7. The tractor-driven lily harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ground wheel component is equipped with a digging depth adjustment structure for adjusting the relative height between the ground wheel and the main frame.

8. The tractor-driven lily harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grass-cutting disc is positioned in front of the working path of the moving shovel to cut weeds and vines in the field before digging.

9. The tractor-driven lily harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bridge device is arranged above the flexible lifting chain.

10. The tractor-driven lily harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The input end of the gearbox is connected to the power output shaft of the tractor to obtain all the driving power required for the operation of the harvester.

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