A metal sheet walking and removing device and a removing method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a metal sheet walking position removing device and a removing method thereof, which comprises a printing unit, a first conveying unit, a guiding unit, a detecting unit, a second conveying unit and a removing unit, the first conveying unit is arranged at the upstream of the printing unit, the guiding unit is arranged on the first conveying unit, the detecting unit is arranged on the first conveying unit and located between the guiding unit and the printing unit, the second conveying unit is arranged at the downstream of the printing unit, the removing unit comprises a driving mechanism and a movable frame which can move up and down, the movable frame is provided with a plurality of layer frames which are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction, and each layer frame comprises a plurality of supporting rods which are arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction. The metal sheet walking position removing device and the removing method thereof provided by the application realize online and full-number detection and synchronous sorting of the horizontal position of the metal sheet through integration of guiding, real-time detection and automatic removing functions, can solve the inherent missed detection problem of the traditional manual sampling inspection mode, and improve the consistency of product quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of metal sheet printing equipment technology, and in particular to a metal sheet displacement rejection device and rejection method. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of metal sheet printing equipment technology, metal sheet coating production lines are commonly used to print preset background colors or patterns on metal sheets. This production line is arranged sequentially along the conveying direction of the metal sheet: a feeding unit, a first conveying unit, a printing unit, a second conveying unit, a drying unit, and a receiving unit. The feeding unit supplies the metal sheet; the first conveying unit smoothly conveys it to the printing unit; the printing unit precisely prints the preset background color or pattern on the metal sheet; subsequently, the second conveying unit sends the printed metal sheet to the drying unit for curing; and finally, the receiving unit collects the finished product.

[0003] To ensure the positional accuracy of the printed pattern, existing technologies typically include a guiding device on the first conveying unit. This device limits and corrects the lateral position of the metal sheet before printing, guiding it along a preset path into the printing unit. This ensures that the printing process is completed within the designated area of ​​the metal sheet. In the quality inspection stage, a manual sampling station is usually installed on the second conveying unit. Operators periodically or at certain ratios randomly select passing metal sheets and visually inspect their printing quality, including registration accuracy, the presence of dirt, and missing prints.

[0004] However, regarding registration accuracy, the guiding device cannot guarantee that all metal sheets will be conveyed strictly along the preset path. Some sheets will still misalign when entering the printing unit, resulting in misalignment of the printed background color or pattern and reduced registration accuracy. Therefore, relying solely on sampling inspection for quality control inevitably leads to missed inspections, causing some defective products with misalignment to flow into subsequent processes or even become final products, seriously affecting the consistency and stability of overall production quality.

[0005] It is evident that existing technologies still need improvement and enhancement. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a metal sheet routing and rejection device and a rejection method thereon to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A metal sheet routing and rejection device includes a printing unit and further includes: The first conveying unit is located upstream of the printing unit and is used to convey the metal sheet to the printing unit; A guiding unit, located on the first conveying unit, is used to define and guide the lateral position of the metal sheet; The detection unit is located on the first conveying unit and between the guiding unit and the printing unit, and is used to detect the lateral position of the metal sheet. The second conveying unit, located downstream of the printing unit, is used to convey the metal sheet that has been printed by the printing unit. The rejection unit includes a drive mechanism and a movable frame that can move up and down driven by the drive mechanism. The movable frame is provided with several shelves arranged at intervals in the vertical direction. Each shelf includes several support rods arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction. The support rods extend along the conveying direction of the second conveying unit. The initial position of the support rod is below the conveying surface of the second conveying unit; The second conveying unit includes several second conveyor belts arranged laterally at intervals, with gaps formed between each second conveyor belt for the support rod to pass through.

[0008] Further, the first conveying unit includes: The front conveying mechanism includes a plurality of first conveyor belts arranged at transverse intervals; The transition conveying mechanism is located downstream of the front conveying mechanism and includes several transition conveyor belts arranged at transverse intervals and two support plates symmetrically arranged on both sides of the multiple transition conveyor belts. The detection unit is located above the two support plates. The multiple second conveyor belts and multiple transition conveyor belts are staggered in the transverse direction, and the conveying ends of the second conveyor belts and the conveying beginnings of the transition conveyor belts overlap in the conveying direction.

[0009] Furthermore, the front conveying mechanism includes: support; The drive shaft, with its two ends rotatably connected to the bracket, is used to input external power. Several belt drive assemblies are spaced apart on a support; each belt drive assembly includes a support frame on the support, a drive pulley fixed on a drive shaft, and a driven pulley rotatably connected to the support frame; a first conveyor belt is wrapped around the outer periphery of the drive pulley and the driven pulley. The tensioning assembly, mounted on the support, is used to adjust the tension of each first conveyor belt; The driven wheel is positioned close to the transition conveyor mechanism.

[0010] Furthermore, a first support frame is provided below the first conveyor belt; the guiding unit includes: A fixed baffle is located at one end of the first support frame to restrict the lateral position of one side of the metal sheet; The mounting plate is located at the other end of the first support frame; At least two sets of translation components are spaced apart on the mounting plate along the length of the metal sheet; The pusher, movably connected to the translation component, is used to reciprocate along the length of the first support frame under the drive of the translation component, so as to push the metal sheet towards the fixed baffle.

[0011] Furthermore, the translation component includes: The base is mounted on the mounting plate; The swing arm is hinged to the base in the middle, and the push wheel is rotatably mounted on one end of the swing arm; The translation cylinder has its cylinder body hinged to the base, and the end of its piston rod hinged to the other end of the rocker arm.

[0012] Furthermore, the detection unit includes: A crossbeam extends laterally and is positioned above two support plates; An adjusting block, located on the crossbeam, can slide along the crossbeam and lock in place; The detection block is rotatably connected to the adjustment block, and the detection block is equipped with an outwardly extending swing arm; The first sensor is mounted on the detection block or the adjustment block and is used to detect whether there is a relative rotation between the detection block and the adjustment block. The end of the swing arm droops due to its own weight and abuts against the side of the support plate below that faces the printing unit.

[0013] Furthermore, the drive mechanism includes: The frame is located next to the second conveyor unit; The lifting assembly is mounted on the frame and is connected to the movable frame via a transmission mechanism, used to drive the movable frame to move vertically. The frame is equipped with a second sensor; each shelf also includes a crossbar, one end of which is fixedly connected to the movable frame, and the other end of which extends between the printing unit and the second conveying unit. The second sensor is used to detect the position of the crossbar.

[0014] Furthermore, the rejection unit also includes a swing mechanism disposed within the frame; Each of the aforementioned crossbars is rotatably connected to a transmission rod, and one end of multiple support rods on the same shelf is fixed to the corresponding transmission rod; The end of the support rod is provided with a limiting part; The swing mechanism is used to drive the transmission rod to rotate around its axis, thereby switching the support rod between a raised posture and a lowered posture. In the raised posture, the limiting part is raised above the conveying surface of the second conveying unit to block the metal sheet. In the lowered posture, the limiting part is hidden below the conveying surface of the second conveying unit.

[0015] Furthermore, the transmission rod is provided with a first connecting block and a second connecting block, both of which are perpendicular to its axis. The swing mechanism includes: Several tension springs, each of which is connected to the first connecting block and the corresponding crossbar, are used to keep the support rod on the transmission rod in a raised posture. A swing cylinder is located inside the frame, and the end of its piston rod abuts against the second connecting block; When the piston rod of the swing cylinder extends, it pushes the second connecting block to drive the transmission rod and support rod to rotate downwards against the tension of the tension spring; when the piston rod of the swing cylinder retracts, the transmission rod and support rod return to the raised position under the tension of the tension spring.

[0016] A method for rejecting objects based on their movement, the method being applied to the aforementioned rejection device; the method comprising: Start the first and second conveying units to convey the metal sheet; The control guide unit moves to guide the metal sheet along a preset trajectory; The side position of the metal sheet is monitored in real time by the detection unit; When a metal sheet is detected to deviate from the preset position, it is determined to be a defective product. After the first preset time has elapsed, the swing mechanism is controlled to drive the transmission rod on the current crossbar to switch to the lifting posture, so that the support rod of the shelf enters the receiving state to receive the defective product. After the second preset time ends, the control drive mechanism drives the movable frame to rise to a preset height, so that the support rod carrying the defective products moves out to above the conveying surface of the second conveying unit; The control swing mechanism drives the transmission rod on the next horizontal bar to switch to a drooping posture, so that qualified products can pass smoothly over the support rod corresponding to the next layer of the shelf.

[0017] Beneficial effects: This invention provides a metal sheet rejection device and method. By integrating guiding, real-time detection, and automatic rejection functions, it achieves online, 100% detection and synchronous sorting of the lateral position of metal sheets, solving the inherent omission problem of traditional manual sampling methods and improving product quality consistency. The device places the detection unit before the printing unit, enabling identification of sheets before they contact the printing unit. Its rejection unit adopts a multi-layer, liftable support rod structure, allowing for precise interception, reliable support, and removal of defective products from the conveyor path without stopping the production line, achieving efficient and automatic removal of defective products. Furthermore, the vertical layout of the multi-layer racks fully utilizes vertical space, enabling the device to temporarily store multiple defective products within a limited footprint, enhancing the fault tolerance of continuous operation and the overall operational stability. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1A top view of the metal sheet routing and rejection device provided by the present invention; Figure 2 A structural diagram of the first conveying unit in the metal sheet routing and rejection device provided by the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A; Figure 4 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point B; Figure 5 A structural diagram of the front conveying mechanism in the metal sheet routing and rejection device provided by the present invention; Figure 6 A structural diagram of the second conveying unit in the metal sheet routing and rejection device provided by the present invention; Figure 7 A structural diagram of the rejection unit in the metal sheet rejection device provided by the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the support rod in a drooping posture in the metal sheet positioning and removal device provided by the present invention. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the support rod in a raised posture in the metal sheet positioning and removal device provided by the present invention. Figure 10 The front view of the swing mechanism in the metal sheet moving and rejecting device provided by the present invention; Figure 11 A partial structural diagram of the crossbar in the metal sheet moving and removing device provided by the present invention; Figure 12 The logic flowchart of the rejection method of the metal sheet rejection device provided by the present invention.

[0019] Reference numerals: First conveying unit 1, front conveying mechanism 11, first conveyor belt 111, bracket 112, drive shaft 113, belt drive assembly 114, support frame 1141, driving wheel 1142, driven wheel 1143, transition wheel 1144, tensioning assembly 115, horizontal shaft 1151, tensioning wheel 1152, transition conveying mechanism 12, transition conveyor belt 121, support plate 122, second support frame 123, first support frame 13, guide unit 2, fixed baffle 21, mounting plate 22, translation assembly 23, base 231, swing arm 232, translation cylinder 233, push wheel 24, retaining ring 241, detection unit 3, crossbeam 31, adjusting block 32, blind hole 321 Detection block 33, swing arm 331, first sensor 34, second conveying unit 4, second conveyor belt 41, rejection unit 5, drive mechanism 51, frame 511, lifting assembly 512, movable frame 52, shelf 53, support rod 531, limiting part 5311, straight section 5312, oblique section 5313, crossbar 532, limiting block 5321, transmission rod 533, first connecting block 5331, second connecting block 5332, first part 5333, second part 5334, second sensor 54, swing mechanism 55, tension spring 551, swing cylinder 552, ejector pin 5521, feeding unit 7, drying unit 8, printing unit 10, metal sheet 20. Detailed Implementation

[0020] This invention provides a metal sheet routing and rejection device and method. To make the objectives, technical solutions, and effects of this invention clearer and more explicit, the invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0021] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," and "right," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or a specific orientational structure and operation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, "first" and "second" are only for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more.

[0022] Please see Figures 1 to 12As shown, the present invention provides a metal sheet rejection device, including a printing unit 10, a first conveying unit 1, a guiding unit 2, a detection unit 3, a second conveying unit 4, and a rejection unit 5; the first conveying unit 1 is located upstream of the printing unit 10 and is used to convey the metal sheet 20 to the printing unit 10; the guiding unit 2 is located on the first conveying unit 1 and is used to define and guide the lateral position of the metal sheet 20; the detection unit 3 is located on the first conveying unit 1 and between the guiding unit 2 and the printing unit 10, and is used to detect the lateral position of the metal sheet 20; the second conveying unit 4 is located downstream of the printing unit 10. The rejection unit 5 is used to transport the metal sheet 20 printed by the printing unit 10; the rejection unit 5 includes a drive mechanism 51 and a movable frame 52 driven by the drive mechanism 51 to move up and down. The movable frame 52 is provided with a plurality of shelves 53 arranged at intervals in the vertical direction. Each shelf 53 includes a plurality of support rods 531 arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction. The support rods 531 extend along the conveying direction of the second conveying unit 4. The initial position of the support rods 531 is located below the conveying surface of the second conveying unit 4. The second conveying unit 4 includes a plurality of second conveyor belts 41 arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction. A gap is formed between each second conveyor belt 41 for the support rods 531 to pass through.

[0023] The working process of the above embodiment is as follows: After the metal sheet 20 enters the device from the upstream feeding unit 7, it is carried and conveyed forward by the first conveying unit 1. During the conveying process, the guiding unit 2 continuously guides and corrects the lateral position of the sheet to ensure that it travels along the preset path. The detection unit 3 located downstream of the guiding unit 2 monitors the lateral position of each metal sheet 20 in real time.

[0024] If the detection unit 3 determines that the position of the metal sheet 20 is qualified, the sheet is then conveyed to the printing unit 10 for printing. The printed qualified products are received by the second conveying unit 4 and conveyed to the subsequent drying unit 8. At this time, the rejection unit 5 is in its initial standby state, with each layer of its support rods 531 located below the gaps between the second conveyor belts 41, thus not affecting the normal passage of qualified products.

[0025] If the detection unit 3 detects that the lateral position of a metal sheet 20 deviates from the preset range, i.e., "misalignment," it is determined to be a defective product. This defective product will still be sent to the printing unit 10 for printing and will continue to be conveyed by the second conveying unit 4. When it reaches the corresponding position of the rejection unit 5, the defective product is received by the support rod 531 of the current working layer. The drive mechanism 51 is activated, causing the movable frame 52 to rise a set distance, so that the support rod 531 of that layer lifts the defective product away from the conveying surface of the second conveyor belt 41, thereby isolating it from the main conveying path. At the same time, the support rod 531 of the next layer rises synchronously to the original working height, ready to receive any subsequent defective products. Through this progressive layer-by-layer approach, multiple defective products can be temporarily stored and orderly rejected, thus achieving automatic removal and collection of defective products without interrupting the continuous operation of the production line.

[0026] This invention, by setting up a detection unit 3 before printing, can monitor the lateral position of each sheet of metal 20 online in real time. Once a defective product with "misalignment" is detected, the downstream rejection unit 5 automatically removes it from the production line. The entire process does not require machine downtime, achieving 100% identification and rejection of misaligned defective products, solving the problem of missed detection inherent in traditional manual sampling methods, and improving the consistency of product quality. Simultaneously, the rejection unit 5 adopts a multi-layered, liftable support rod 531 structure. When a defective product arrives, the support rod 531 of the corresponding shelf 53 can be quickly raised to intercept and support it, and then the defective product is removed from the conveyor line by the overall lifting of the movable frame 52. The rejection unit 5 also makes full use of vertical space, allowing the device to temporarily store multiple defective products within a limited footprint, enhancing the device's continuous operation capability and fault tolerance.

[0027] It should be noted that after the metal sheet 20 has been printed but before it enters the drying unit 8 for ink curing, the ink adhering to the surface is still washable and can be completely removed, allowing for reprinting on the substrate. Therefore, the rejection process of this device is designed to be performed before the drying process to ensure that substandard printed materials can be removed in time within the process window when the ink is still reversibly processable. This creates the possibility for subsequent cleaning and rework, avoiding complete scrap due to the inability to correct after curing.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment, see [reference] Figure 2 , 5The first conveying unit 1 includes a front conveying mechanism 11 and a transition conveying mechanism 12. The front conveying mechanism 11 includes several first conveyor belts 111 arranged laterally at intervals. The transition conveying mechanism 12 is located downstream of the front conveying mechanism 11 and includes several transition conveyor belts 121 arranged laterally at intervals and two support plates 122 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the multiple transition conveyor belts 121. The detection unit 3 is located above the two support plates 122. The multiple second conveyor belts 41 and the multiple transition conveyor belts 121 are staggered laterally, and the conveying ends of the second conveyor belts 41 and the conveying beginnings of the transition conveyor belts 121 overlap in the conveying direction. This arrangement effectively reduces the connection gap between the front conveying mechanism 11 and the transition conveying mechanism 12, ensuring that the metal sheet 20 achieves a smooth transition during conveying and stably passes through the area where the guide unit 2 and the detection unit 3 are located. During operation, the metal sheet 20 is first carried and conveyed by the first conveyor belts 111 of the front conveying mechanism 11, during which the guide unit 2 corrects its lateral position. Subsequently, the metal sheet 20 is smoothly transferred to the transition conveyor belt 121 of the transition conveyor mechanism 12 for continued forward transport. When it passes the detection unit 3 above the two support plates 122, the unit performs real-time detection of its lateral position. Once the detection unit 3 determines that the current metal sheet 20 is a defective product, the subsequent rejection unit 5 operates at the appropriate time to complete the interception and rejection of the defective product.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment, see [reference] Figure 5 The front conveying mechanism 11 includes a support 112, a drive shaft 113, a belt drive assembly 114, and a tensioning assembly 115. Both ends of the drive shaft 113 are rotatably connected to the support 112 for inputting external power. A plurality of belt drive assemblies 114 are spaced apart on the support 112. Each belt drive assembly 114 includes a support frame 1141 on the support 112, a drive wheel 1142 fixed to the drive shaft 113, and a driven wheel 1143 rotatably connected to the support frame 1141. A first conveyor belt 111 is wound around the outer periphery of the drive wheel 1142 and the driven wheel 1143, wherein the driven wheel 1143 is positioned close to the transition conveying mechanism 12. The tensioning assembly 115 is located on the support 112 and is used to adjust the tension of each first conveyor belt 111, thereby ensuring its smooth and synchronous operation. During operation, the external power drives the transmission shaft 113 to rotate at a constant speed, which in turn drives all the drive wheels 1142 to rotate synchronously. Through each belt drive assembly 114, all the first conveyor belts 111 are driven to run synchronously and smoothly, together carrying and conveying the metal sheet 20 forward.

[0030] In the above, external power can be transmitted to the drive shaft 113 via a motor and reducer, and through a chain drive structure; or it can be directly coupled to the main drive unit of the printing production line through the chain drive structure, thereby achieving synchronous power transmission while ensuring the consistent operating rhythm of the entire production line.

[0031] Further, see Figure 5 The tensioning assembly 115 includes a horizontal shaft 1511 and several tensioning rollers 1512. The horizontal shaft 1511 is movably connected to the support 112. Each tensioning roller 1512 is rotatably connected to the horizontal shaft 1511 and correspondingly abuts against the inner side of each first conveyor belt 111. By adjusting the position of the horizontal shaft 1511 relative to the support 112, the pressure of all tensioning rollers 1512 on the corresponding first conveyor belt 111 can be changed synchronously, thereby achieving synchronous and convenient adjustment of the tension of multiple first conveyor belts 111.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment, see [reference] Figure 5 A first support frame 13 is provided below the first conveyor belt 111. Specifically, each belt drive assembly 114's support frame 1141 is rotatably connected to a transition wheel 1144. The transition wheel 1144 is in contact with the outer side of the first conveyor belt 111 and is located between the tension wheel 1512 and the driven wheel 1143. By setting the transition wheel 1144, the sag of the first conveyor belt 111 near the driven wheel 1143 can be effectively reduced, thereby compressing its vertical space occupation in that area. The freed-up space is used to install the first support frame 13, providing a reliable and flat installation base for the guide unit 2 above.

[0033] See Figure 2 , 3 The guiding unit 2 includes: a fixed baffle 21, a mounting plate 22, at least two sets of translation components 23, and a pusher 24. The fixed baffle 21 is located at one end of the first support frame 13 to limit the lateral position of one side of the metal sheet 20, and the mounting plate 22 is located at the other end of the first support frame 13. The translation components 23 are spaced apart on the mounting plate 22 along the length direction of the metal sheet 20. The pusher 24 is movably connected to the translation components 23 and is used to reciprocate along the length direction of the first support frame 13 under the drive of the translation components 23 to push the metal sheet 20 toward the fixed baffle 21. The fixed baffle 21 provides a stable lateral reference for one side of the metal sheet 20. During operation, the translation components 23 drive the pusher 24 to reciprocate laterally, continuously and smoothly pushing the metal sheet 20 toward the fixed baffle 21 from the other side, thereby ensuring that it always travels along a preset path before entering the subsequent process.

[0034] Specifically, the first support frame 13 includes at least two parallel guide rods, and both the fixed baffle 21 and the mounting plate 22 can slide and lock along the guide rods to accommodate the width requirements of metal sheets 20 of different specifications.

[0035] Further, see Figure 3 The translation component 23 includes a base 231, a swing arm 232, and a translation cylinder 233. The base 231 is mounted on the mounting plate 22. The middle part of the swing arm 232 is hinged to the base 231, and a push wheel 24 is rotatably mounted on one end of the swing arm 232. The cylinder body of the translation cylinder 233 is hinged to the base 231, and the end of its piston rod is hinged to the other end of the swing arm 232. During continuous conveying, the piston rod of the translation cylinder 233 reciprocates, driving the swing arm 232 to rotate around the hinge point in its middle part. This causes the push wheel 24, located at one end of the swing arm 232, to swing back and forth toward the fixed baffle 21, so that the push wheel 24 can continuously and smoothly push the conveying metal sheet 20 toward the fixed baffle 21 from one side, thereby realizing real-time correction of the lateral position of the metal sheet 20.

[0036] Furthermore, the pusher 24 is made of elastic rubber. It has a retaining ring 241 on its outer periphery, which extends obliquely upwards to form an inverted conical structure. During installation, the retaining ring 241 is positioned above the conveying surface of the first conveyor belt 111. When the pusher 24 pushes the metal sheet 20 towards the fixed baffle 21, this upwardly extending retaining ring 241 effectively restrains the edge of the metal sheet 20, preventing it from tilting upwards due to lateral thrust, thus ensuring a smooth and reliable correction process.

[0037] In the above description, the transition conveying mechanism 12 is structurally similar to the front conveying mechanism 11, and its specific structure and working principle can be referred to the aforementioned description of the front conveying mechanism 11. Based on this, the mechanism can reduce the sag height of the transition conveyor belt 121 near the front conveying mechanism 11 by controlling the sag of the transition conveyor belt 121, thereby making room for the installation of the second support frame 123. The second support frame 123 is installed at this position, and two support plates 122 are respectively installed on both sides of the second support frame 123. The upper surface of the support plates 122 is flush with the conveying surface of the transition conveyor belt 121, and is used to support the side of the metal sheet 20.

[0038] See Figure 2 , 4The detection unit 3 includes a crossbeam 31, an adjusting block 32, a detection block 33, and a first sensor 34. The crossbeam 31 extends laterally and is positioned above two support plates 122. The adjusting block 32 is mounted on the crossbeam 31 and can slide and lock along the crossbeam 31. The detection block 33 is rotatably connected to the adjusting block 32, and the detection block 33 has an outwardly extending swing arm 331. The first sensor 34 is mounted on the detection block 33 or the adjusting block 32 and is used to detect whether relative rotation occurs between the detection block 33 and the adjusting block 32. The end of the swing arm 331 hangs down due to its own weight and abuts against the side of the lower support plate 122 facing the printing unit 10. In this embodiment, by sliding and locking the adjusting block 32, a preset distance can be maintained between the swing arm 331 and the fixed baffle 21, which corresponds to the lateral width of the metal sheet 20. When the metal sheet 20 is being transported normally and is in the correct position, its side does not contact the end of the swing arm 331, i.e., it will not push the swing arm 331 to rotate. If the metal sheet 20 shifts laterally, its side will exert a pushing force on the swing arm 331, forcing the swing arm 331 to rotate around the rotation center of the detection block 33. Once the first sensor 34 detects the relative rotation between the adjusting block 32 and the detection block 33, it can trigger the subsequent rejection action. After the metal sheet 20 has completely passed through, the swing arm 331 resets under its own weight, and its end returns to its initial state of contact with the side of the support plate 122. Through this configuration, the detection reference can be easily adjusted according to the width of the metal sheet 20, thereby improving the adaptability of the device to products of different specifications.

[0039] In the above embodiment, the first sensor 34 is a proximity switch and is mounted on the detection block 33. The adjustment block 32 has a blind hole 321. Under normal conditions, the blind hole 321 is directly opposite the sensing end of the proximity switch, and the proximity switch is in an untriggered state. When the metal sheet 20 moves laterally and pushes the swing arm 331 upward, the detection block 33 rotates with the swing arm 331, causing the proximity switch to gradually move away from the blind hole 321. When the proximity switch moves to the surface of the adjustment block 32, it is triggered and generates a detection signal, indicating that the position of the metal sheet 20 has shifted, triggering subsequent rejection actions.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment, see [reference] Figure 6 , 7The drive mechanism 51 includes a frame 511 and a lifting assembly 512. The frame 511 is located beside the second conveying unit 4. The lifting assembly 512 is mounted on the frame 511 and is connected to the movable frame 52 for driving the movable frame 52 to move vertically. A second sensor 54 is mounted on the frame 511. Each shelf 53 also includes a crossbar 532, one end of which is fixedly connected to the movable frame 52, and the other end extends between the printing unit 10 and the second conveying unit 4. The second sensor 54 is used to detect the position of the crossbar 532. When defective products need to be rejected, the lifting assembly 512 drives the movable frame 52 to move the multi-layer shelf 53 on it as a whole, causing the shelf 53 close to the conveying surface of the second conveyor belt 41 to move upward. The support rod 531 of the shelf 53 receives the arriving defective products and lifts them away from the conveying surface of the second conveyor belt 41. Simultaneously, the next layer shelf 53 moves to its original working height, close to the conveyor surface of the second conveyor belt 41. This allows subsequent qualified products to pass smoothly while preparing to intercept any potentially defective products. Throughout the lifting process, the second sensor 54 continuously monitors whether the crossbar 532 of the next layer shelf 53 has reached the preset height and feeds the positioning signal back to the control system, thus forming a closed-loop control to ensure accurate and reliable positioning for each lifting operation.

[0041] With the above settings, the multi-layer rejection unit 5 can work efficiently with the production line cycle time to achieve automatic and orderly layered temporary storage and removal of defective products without stopping the machine, thereby improving the automation level and quality control capability of the production line.

[0042] The drive mechanism 51 employs a combination of a servo motor and a ball screw transmission structure. The servo motor is fixed to the frame 511, and its output shaft is connected to the ball screw transmission structure. The nut of the ball screw transmission structure serves as the output end and is fixedly connected to the bottom of the movable frame 52. When it is necessary to drive the movable frame 52 to rise or fall, the servo motor rotates, causing the ball screw to rotate synchronously, thereby driving the nut and the movable frame 52 to move linearly in the vertical direction.

[0043] The second sensor 54 is a proximity switch, which is mounted at a designated position on the frame 511, such as the plane where the shelf 53 is located. When the crossbar 532 moves upward with the movable frame 52 to the detection position, the crossbar 532 enters the sensing range of the proximity switch, which is then triggered and generates a positioning signal. This signal is transmitted to the control system, indicating that the shelf 53 has accurately reached the preset height.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment, see [reference] Figure 7-10The rejection unit 5 also includes a swing mechanism 55 disposed within the frame 511; each of the crossbars 532 is rotatably connected to a transmission rod 533, and one end of multiple support rods 531 on the same shelf 53 is fixed to the corresponding transmission rod 533; the end of each support rod 531 is provided with a limiting part 5311; wherein, the swing mechanism 55 is used to drive the transmission rod 533 to rotate around its axis, thereby driving the support rod 531 to switch between a raised posture and a lowered posture; in the raised posture, the limiting part 5311 is raised above the conveying surface of the second conveying unit 4 to block the metal sheet 20; in the lowered posture, the limiting part 5311 is hidden below the conveying surface of the second conveying unit 4. Initially or when passing qualified products, the swing mechanism 55 drives the transmission rod 533 to rotate, so that the support rod 531 remains in a lowered posture, at which time the limiting part 5311 is hidden below the conveying surface of the second conveying unit 4, and the metal sheet 20 can pass normally. When the detection unit 3 determines that a certain metal sheet 20 is defective and it is conveyed above the corresponding shelf 53, the swing mechanism 55 is activated, driving the transmission rod 533 to rotate, which in turn drives the support rod 531 to switch to a lifting posture, causing the limiting part 5311 to rise above the conveying surface. Subsequently arriving defective products are blocked by the limiting part 5311 and remain on the support rod 531; after the defective product is reliably supported, the drive mechanism 51 drives the entire movable frame 52 to rise, removing the defective product from the production line.

[0045] By setting up the swing mechanism 55, the posture of the support rod 531 of each shelf 53 can be independently controlled, ensuring that only defective products are intercepted, while qualified products can pass through continuously without obstruction. At the same time, the limiting part 5311 at the end of the support rod 531 allows the second conveying unit 4 to stably intercept defective products without stopping, which not only improves sorting efficiency but also ensures the continuity and stability of system operation.

[0046] Further, see Figure 10 The transmission rod 533 is provided with a first connecting block 5331 and a second connecting block 5332, both perpendicular to its axis; the swing mechanism 55 includes: a plurality of tension springs 551 and a swing cylinder 552; each tension spring 551 connects the first connecting block 5331 to the corresponding crossbar 532, for keeping the support rod 531 on the transmission rod 533 in a raised position; the swing cylinder 552 is located inside the frame 511, and the end of its piston rod abuts against the second connecting block 5332; wherein, as Figure 8 As shown, when the piston rod of the swing cylinder 552 extends, it pushes the second connecting block 5332, causing the transmission rod 533 and the support rod 531 to rotate downwards against the tension of the tension spring 551; as Figure 9 As shown, when the piston rod of the swing cylinder 552 retracts, the transmission rod 533 and the support rod 531 return to the raised position under the tension of the tension spring 551.

[0047] For the support rods 531 on each shelf 53, their initial state is a raised posture. In this state, the tension spring 551 is connected to the first connecting block 5331 and the crossbar 532, so that the support rods 531 are kept in the raised position. That is, the support rods 531 located above the conveying surface of the second conveyor belt 41 can intercept the delivered defective products in time, and the support rods 531 that have been lifted away from the conveying surface can stably support the intercepted products above them.

[0048] When the detection unit 3 determines that there is no need to intercept at present, if the upper shelf 53 has already lifted the defective product and the current shelf 53 is rising to the working height, the piston rod of the swing cylinder 552 extends and pushes the second connecting block 5332, which drives the transmission rod 533 to rotate around its axis, so that the support rod 531 switches from the raised posture to the lowered posture, and the limiting part 5311 at its end descends to below the conveying surface, thereby making way for qualified products.

[0049] When the shelf 53 needs to intercept, the piston rod of the swing cylinder 552 retracts, and the transmission rod 533 quickly rotates to the lifting position under the action of the tension spring 551. The limiting part 5311 rises to accurately intercept the defective product that arrives subsequently. After the interception is completed, the drive mechanism 51 lifts the movable shelf 52 again to remove the current defective product.

[0050] Through the above configuration, the tension spring 551 provides a normal restoring force and works in conjunction with the swing cylinder 552 to achieve rapid and reliable switching between the drooping and raised postures of the support rod 531. The drooping posture is used for waiting to intercept or yield, while the raised posture is used for interception and support. (See also...) Figure 11 Preferably, the crossbar 532 is provided with a limiting block 5321. Under the action of the tension spring 551, the limiting block 5321 abuts against the first connecting block 5331 to ensure that the support rod 531 remains in the raised posture.

[0051] Preferably, such as Figure 9 As shown, the support rod 531 also includes a straight segment 5312 and an inclined segment 5313, which are sequentially connected and integrally formed with the limiting part 5311. In its naturally raised posture, the straight segment 5312 is parallel to the conveying surface of the second conveyor belt 41, and the inclined segment 5313 extends upward from the end of the straight segment 5312 at an angle of approximately 2°. During interception, this structure ensures that defective products smoothly climb onto the support rod 531 under the push of the second conveyor belt 41. As the product climbs, the contact area between the metal sheet 20 and the support rod 531 gradually decreases, effectively reducing the continuous forward pushing force of the second conveyor belt 41 on the metal sheet 20, which facilitates the stable reception and removal of the product by the support rod 531.

[0052] Preferably, see Figure 10The telescopic rod of the swing cylinder 552 is connected to a pin 5521. The end of the pin 5521 has a hemispherical structure. The second connecting block 5332 includes a first part 5333 and a second part 5334 connected together. The first part 5333 is fixedly connected to the transmission rod 533 and extends obliquely downward toward the swing cylinder 552. The second part 5334 extends vertically. The pin 5521 can slide along the surfaces of the first part 5333 and the second part 5334. The hemispherical end of the pin 5521 is connected to the surface of the second connecting block 5332 at a point, which effectively reduces the contact area between the two, thereby reducing friction. The second sensor 54 is set near the working position of the shelf 53. The installation height of the swing cylinder 552 is between the installation height of the second sensor 54 and the next shelf 53 (referring to the adjacent lower shelf in the working position).

[0053] Taking a scenario where a defective product has been received as an example: the drive mechanism 51 drives the upper shelf 53, which has received the defective product, to rise, moving it away from the conveying surface of the second conveying unit 4; simultaneously, the lower shelf 53 rises towards the working position. During this process, the rising upper shelf 53 gradually moves away from the second sensor 54, causing the signal state of the second sensor 54 to change from "present" to "absent," and this signal change triggers the piston rod of the swing cylinder 552 to extend. As the lower shelf 53 continues to rise, the second connecting block 5332 on it gradually approaches the extended ejector pin 5521. The ejector pin 5521 first contacts and slides along the inclined surface of the first part 5333 of the second connecting block 5332, and then slides to the second part 5334. During this process, it pushes the second connecting block 5332 to swing, thereby causing the transmission rod 533 of the shelf 53 to rotate around its axis, causing the support rod 531 to swing downward and switch to a drooping posture. When the shelf 53 rises to the working position, the second sensor 54 detects a signal again, changing its state from "no" to "yes," indicating that the shelf 53 has reached its position. The drive mechanism 51 then stops, and the shelf 53 enters a state of waiting to intercept the next defective product. Through this setup, using only a single swing cylinder 552 and utilizing the mechanical linkage between the shelf 53 and the second connecting block 5332 during the lifting and lowering process, the shelf 53 approaching the working position can be automatically controlled, causing its support rod 531 to switch from a raised to a lowered position. The structure is simple and the control is reliable.

[0054] The structure of the second conveying unit 4 driving multiple second conveyor belts 41 is similar to that of the front conveying mechanism 11. For the specific structure and working principle, please refer to the description of the front conveying mechanism 11.

[0055] See Figure 12 The present invention also provides a method for rejecting objects based on their movement, the method being applied to the aforementioned rejection device; the method includes: Step S01: Start the first conveying unit 1 and the second conveying unit 4 to convey the metal sheet 20.

[0056] In this embodiment, the first conveying unit 1 receives the metal sheet 20 from the upstream feeding unit 7 and conveys it towards the printing unit 10 at a constant speed. Simultaneously, the second conveying unit 4 is also activated to receive and transport the printed metal sheet 20. This step ensures that the metal sheet 20 flows continuously and smoothly throughout the entire production line.

[0057] Step S02: Control the guide unit 2 to move along the preset trajectory.

[0058] In this embodiment, during the entire continuous conveying process, the guide unit 2 provides a lateral reference for one side of the metal sheet 20 through the fixed baffle 21. Simultaneously, two sets of translation components 23 installed on the other side work together, with their translation cylinders 233 driving the swing arm 232 to reciprocate, thereby causing the push wheel 24 to perform lateral reciprocating motion. The push wheel 24 acts on the other side of the metal sheet 20, pushing it towards the baffle 21. This dynamic correction process is maintained throughout the entire process of the metal sheet 20 passing through the guide area, ensuring that the lateral position of each metal sheet 20 is precisely constrained and calibrated to a preset trajectory before entering the detection unit 3 and printing unit 10.

[0059] It should be noted that the gap between the detection unit 3 and the guide unit 2 should be less than the length of the metal sheet 20, so as to ensure that the position of the metal sheet 20 can be monitored in real time by the detection unit 3 while it passes through the guide area and receives correction.

[0060] Step S03: Monitor the side position of the metal sheet 20 in real time through the detection unit 3.

[0061] In this embodiment, by adjusting the adjusting block 32 on the crossbeam 31, a preset distance can be maintained between the end of the swing arm 331 and the fixed baffle 21. This distance is equal to the lateral width of the metal sheet 20. When the guided metal sheet 20 enters the detection area, its leading edge will approach or contact the swing arm 331. If the metal sheet 20 is in the correct position, its side will not contact the swing arm 331, and will not push the swing arm 331 and the detection block 33 to rotate. The first sensor 34 remains in an untriggered state, and the control system determines that the position of the metal sheet 20 is qualified, allowing it to enter the subsequent printing and drying processes. If the metal sheet 20 is "displaced", its deviated side will exert a pushing force on the swing arm 331, forcing the swing arm 331 to drive the detection block 33 to rotate, thereby triggering the first sensor 34. The sensor signal is transmitted to the control system in real time, and the system determines that the sheet is a defective product. This process realizes online, real-time, and full detection of the lateral position of each metal sheet 20.

[0062] It should be noted that when the second conveying unit 4 conveys qualified products, the piston rod of the swing cylinder 552 of the rejection unit 5 is in the extended state. At this time, the ejector pin 5521 at the end of the piston rod abuts against the second connecting block 5332 on the transmission rod 533 of the shelf 53, keeping the support rod 531 in a drooping posture, thereby making way for qualified products and ensuring that they can pass through smoothly without obstruction.

[0063] Step S04: When the metal sheet 20 is detected to deviate from the preset position, it is determined to be a defective product. After the first preset time has elapsed, the swing mechanism 55 is controlled to drive the transmission rod 533 on the current crossbar 532 to switch to the lifting posture, so that the support rod 531 of the shelf 53 enters the receiving state to receive the defective product.

[0064] In this embodiment, the first preset time is set according to the time required for the defective product to move from the detection position to the rejection unit 5 position. During this period, the defective product will still pass through the printing unit 10 to complete the printing and enter the second conveying unit 4 for forward conveying.

[0065] When the first preset time ends, it indicates that defective products are about to enter the rejection unit 5. At this time, the telescopic rod of the swing cylinder 552 retracts, and the transmission rod 533 rotates around its axis under the restoring force of the tension spring 551, causing all the support rods 531 in this layer to switch from a drooping posture to a raised posture. The limiting part 5311 at the end rises to above the conveying surface of the second conveyor belt 41. The support rods 531 that have completed the posture switch then enter the interception and receiving state to receive defective products.

[0066] Step S05: After the second preset time ends, control the drive mechanism 51 to drive the movable frame 52 to rise to a preset height, so that the support rod 531 carrying the defective product moves out to above the conveying surface of the second conveying unit 4.

[0067] In this embodiment, the second preset time is set based on the time required for the defective product to enter the current working shelf 53 area until it is fully supported on the support rod 531, to ensure that the lifting action occurs after the interception is completed. The preset height is the vertical distance between two adjacent shelves 53.

[0068] When the second preset time ends, it indicates that the defective product has been stably intercepted and supported on the support rod 531 of the current working shelf 53. At this time, the drive mechanism 51 is activated, driving the movable frame 52 to rise as a whole by a preset height. This action lifts the current shelf 53 carrying the defective product and its support rod 531 away from the conveying surface of the second conveying unit 4, thereby removing the defective product from the main production line.

[0069] Step S06: Control the swing mechanism 55 to drive the transmission rod 533 on the next horizontal bar 532 to switch to a drooping posture, so that the qualified product can pass smoothly over the support rod 531 corresponding to the next layer of the shelf 53.

[0070] In this embodiment, the lower shelf 53, which was originally below it, rises synchronously with the movable shelf 52 to reach the working position. The swing mechanism 55 actuates, driving the transmission rod 533 on the crossbar 532 of the lower shelf 53 to switch to a drooping posture, causing the limiting part 5311 of its support rod 531 to descend below the conveying surface of the second conveyor belt 41. This state clears the way for subsequently arriving qualified products, ensuring that qualified products can continue to pass smoothly and without obstruction without stopping the production line, while the system is also prepared to intercept the next potentially defective product.

[0071] It is understood that those skilled in the art can make equivalent substitutions or modifications to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, and all such substitutions or modifications should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A metal sheet positioning and rejection device, comprising a printing unit (10), characterized in that, Also includes: The first conveying unit (1) is located upstream of the printing unit (10) and is used to convey the metal sheet to the printing unit (10). The guide unit (2) is disposed on the first conveying unit (1) and is used to limit and guide the lateral position of the metal sheet; The detection unit (3) is located on the first conveying unit (1) and between the guiding unit (2) and the printing unit (10), and is used to detect the lateral position of the metal sheet; The second conveying unit (4) is located downstream of the printing unit (10) and is used to convey the metal sheet that has been printed by the printing unit (10). The rejection unit (5) includes a drive mechanism (51) and a movable frame (52) that can move up and down driven by the drive mechanism (51). The movable frame (52) is provided with a number of shelves (53) arranged at intervals in the vertical direction. Each shelf (53) includes a number of support rods (531) arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction. The support rods (531) extend along the conveying direction of the second conveying unit (4). The initial position of the support rod (531) is below the conveying surface of the second conveying unit (4); The second conveying unit (4) includes a number of second conveyor belts (41) arranged laterally at intervals, with gaps formed between each second conveyor belt (41) for the support rod (531) to pass through.

2. The metal sheet routing and rejection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first conveying unit (1) includes: The front conveying mechanism (11) includes a plurality of first conveyor belts (111) arranged at transverse intervals. The transition conveying mechanism (12) is located downstream of the front conveying mechanism (11) and includes several transition conveyor belts (121) arranged laterally and two support plates (122) symmetrically arranged on both sides of the multiple transition conveyor belts (121). The detection unit (3) is located above the two support plates (122). Among them, multiple second conveyor belts (41) and multiple transition conveyor belts (121) are staggered in the transverse direction, and the conveying end of the second conveyor belt (41) and the conveying beginning of the transition conveyor belt (121) overlap in the conveying direction.

3. The metal sheet routing and rejection device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The front conveying mechanism (11) includes: Support (112); The drive shaft (113) is rotatably connected to the bracket (112) at both ends and is used to input external power; A plurality of belt drive assemblies (114) are spaced apart on a support (112); each belt drive assembly (114) includes a support frame (1141) on the support (112), a drive pulley (1142) fixed on a drive shaft (113), and a driven pulley (1143) rotatably connected to the support frame (1141); a first conveyor belt (111) is wound around the outer periphery of the drive pulley (1142) and the driven pulley (1143); Tensioning assembly (115), mounted on bracket (112), is used to adjust the tension of each first conveyor belt (111); The driven wheel (1143) is located near the transition conveying mechanism (12).

4. The metal sheet routing and rejection device according to claim 2, characterized in that, A first support frame (13) is provided below the first conveyor belt (111); the guide unit (2) includes: A fixed baffle (21) is provided at one end of the first support frame (13) to restrict the lateral position of one side of the metal sheet; Mounting plate (22) is located at the other end of the first support frame (13); At least two sets of translation components (23) are spaced apart on the mounting plate (22) along the length of the metal sheet; The pusher (24) is movably connected to the translation component (23) and is used to reciprocate along the length of the first support frame (13) under the drive of the translation component (23) to push the metal sheet toward the fixed baffle (21).

5. The metal sheet routing and rejection device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The translation component (23) includes: The base (231) is mounted on the mounting plate (22); The swing arm (232) is hinged to the base (231) in the middle, and the push wheel (24) is rotatably disposed at one end of the swing arm (232); The translation cylinder (233) has its cylinder body hinged to the base (231) and its piston rod end hinged to the other end of the rocker arm (232).

6. The metal sheet routing and rejection device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The detection unit (3) includes: A crossbeam (31) extends laterally and is positioned above two support plates (122); Adjustment block (32) is provided on crossbeam (31) and can slide and lock along crossbeam (31); The detection block (33) is rotatably connected to the adjustment block (32), and the detection block (33) is provided with an outwardly extending swing arm (331). The first sensor (34) is disposed on the detection block (33) or the adjustment block (32) and is used to detect whether there is a relative rotation between the detection block (33) and the adjustment block (32); The end of the swing arm (331) droops due to its own weight and abuts against the side of the lower support plate (122) facing the printing unit (10).

7. The metal sheet routing and rejection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive mechanism (51) includes: The frame (511) is located beside the second conveying unit (4); The lifting assembly (512) is mounted on the frame (511) and is connected to the movable frame (52) for driving the movable frame (52) to move in the vertical direction; The frame (511) is equipped with a second sensor (54); each shelf (53) also includes a crossbar (532), one end of which is fixedly connected to the movable frame (52), and the other end of which extends between the printing unit (10) and the second conveying unit (4). The second sensor (54) is used to detect the position of the crossbar (532).

8. The metal sheet routing and rejection device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The rejection unit (5) also includes a swing mechanism (55) disposed in the frame (511). Each of the crossbars (532) is rotatably connected to a transmission rod (533), and one end of multiple support rods (531) on the same shelf (53) is fixed to the corresponding transmission rod (533). The end of the support rod (531) is provided with a limiting part (5311). The swing mechanism (55) is used to drive the transmission rod (533) to rotate around its axis, so as to drive the support rod (531) to switch between the lifting posture and the drooping posture. In the lifting posture, the limiting part (5311) is raised above the conveying surface of the second conveying unit (4) to block the metal sheet. In the drooping posture, the limiting part (5311) is hidden below the conveying surface of the second conveying unit (4).

9. The metal sheet routing and rejection device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The transmission rod (533) is provided with a first connecting block (5331) and a second connecting block (5332) that are both perpendicular to its axis. The swing mechanism (55) includes: Several tension springs (551) are provided, each of which is connected to the first connecting block (5331) and the corresponding crossbar (532) to keep the support rod (531) on the transmission rod (533) in a raised position. A swing cylinder (552) is located inside the frame (511), and the end of its piston rod abuts against the second connecting block (5332); When the piston rod of the swing cylinder (552) extends, it pushes the second connecting block (5332) to drive the transmission rod (533) and the support rod (531) to rotate downwards against the tension of the tension spring (551); when the piston rod of the swing cylinder (552) retracts, the transmission rod (533) and the support rod (531) return to the raised position under the tension of the tension spring (551).

10. A method for eliminating movement-based eliminations, characterized in that, The positioning rejection method is applied to the positioning rejection device as described in claim 8 or 9; The movement elimination method includes: Start the first conveying unit (1) and the second conveying unit (4) to convey the metal sheet; Control the movement of the guide unit (2) to guide the metal sheet along a preset trajectory; The side position of the metal sheet is monitored in real time by the detection unit (3); When the metal sheet is detected to deviate from the preset position, it is determined to be a defective product, and the swing mechanism (55) is controlled to drive the transmission rod (533) on the current crossbar (532) to switch to the lifting posture after the first preset time ends, so that the support rod (531) of the shelf (53) enters the receiving state to receive the defective product. After the second preset time ends, the control drive mechanism (51) drives the movable frame (52) to rise to a preset height, so that the support rod (531) carrying the defective product moves out to above the conveying surface of the second conveying unit (4); The control swing mechanism (55) drives the transmission rod (533) on the next horizontal bar (532) to switch to a drooping posture, so that the qualified products can pass smoothly over the support rod (531) corresponding to the next layer of the shelf (53).

Images