High speed wheel roller web roll push-in type self-locking device and using method

Abstract

The application relates to a high-speed wheel rolling mill spoke roller push-in type self-locking device and a use method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of rolling mills. The device comprises an outer sleeve, a main shaft, a locking sliding sleeve axially slidably assembled in the inner portion of the outer sleeve and a spoke roller main body which can be inserted and matched with the main shaft. A plurality of radial limiting cavities are formed in the circumferential direction of the end of the locking sliding sleeve close to the spoke roller main body, and a steel ball which can move in the radial direction is arranged in each radial limiting cavity. An annular locking groove corresponding to the steel ball is formed in the outer circumferential surface of the spoke roller main body. An annular hydraulic cavity is formed between the inner wall of the outer sleeve and the outer wall of the locking sliding sleeve, and when high-pressure oil is introduced into the hydraulic cavity, the locking sliding sleeve can be axially slid to release the radial limitation of the steel ball. A reset elastic member is arranged between the locking sliding sleeve and the outer sleeve, and the reset elastic member normally pushes the locking sliding sleeve to keep in a locking position, so that the steel ball is radially clamped into the annular locking groove to axially lock the spoke roller main body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of rolling mill technology, specifically to a self-locking device for pushing in spoke rolls of a high-speed wheel rolling mill and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] The wheel rolling mill is the equipment used to achieve the precision rolling and forming of train wheels. The spoke rolls, as key working components that directly participate in the pressing and forming of wheel spokes, are arranged symmetrically in pairs on both sides of the wheel. They not only undertake the transmission function of transmitting rolling torque and driving the billet to rotate, but also control the thickness, contour accuracy and surface quality of the spokes. They are in harsh working conditions for a long time, and the wear and fatigue loss of the roll surface are rapid. They are easily worn spare parts with extremely high replacement frequency in the production line.

[0003] In the existing technology, the axial locking of the spoke roller and the drive spindle generally adopts two structures: one is a multi-bolt flange clamping structure, which uses 4 to 8 high-strength bolts evenly arranged in the circumference to axially press and fix the end cap and the spoke roller body to the end face of the spindle step; the other is a central tie rod tensioning structure, which applies axial preload through a long tie rod that penetrates the inside of the spindle, and achieves axial fixation of the spoke roller in conjunction with the end locking nut.

[0004] The inherent contradiction between the high locking reliability requirements under high-speed, heavy-load conditions and the need for rapid disassembly and maintenance is difficult to resolve, resulting in long replacement times and significant downtime losses for spoke rollers. Currently, some industry solutions have emerged that simplify the locking structure with quick-release mechanisms, such as replacing multiple circumferential bolts with a single center bolt or adding quick-release connectors.

[0005] However, existing technologies generally sacrifice locking reliability for faster assembly and disassembly, making them unsuitable for the heavy-load alternating conditions of high-speed wheel rolling mills. Under the combined effects of high-speed rotational centrifugal force, axial rolling force, and alternating impact loads, the simplified locking structure is prone to problems such as preload attenuation, locking loosening, and positioning accuracy drift. These issues can range from minor problems like uneven wheel spoke thickness and reduced forming accuracy to serious problems like roll slippage or even roll detachment, leading to equipment safety accidents. Summary of the Invention

[0006] A self-locking device for the spoke roll of a high-speed wheel rolling mill includes an outer sleeve, a main shaft, and a locking sleeve axially slidably assembled inside the outer sleeve.

[0007] The locking sleeve has multiple radial limiting cavities along the circumference at one end near the main body of the spoke roller, and each radial limiting cavity is filled with a radially movable steel ball;

[0008] An annular hydraulic cavity is formed between the inner wall of the outer sleeve and the outer wall of the locking sleeve. When high-pressure oil is introduced, the hydraulic cavity can push the locking sleeve to slide backward along the axial direction, thereby releasing the radial restriction on the steel ball.

[0009] A reset elastic element is provided between the locking sleeve and the outer sleeve. Under normal conditions, the reset elastic element pushes the locking sleeve to remain in the locking position, so that the steel ball remains in a radially inward locking position, which is used to axially lock the spoke roller that is inserted into the main shaft.

[0010] Preferably, the radial limiting cavity includes an outer limiting hole, an inner limiting hole, and a limiting plate. The outer limiting hole is circumferentially disposed on the outer side wall of the locking sleeve, and the inner limiting hole is circumferentially disposed on the inner side wall of the locking sleeve. The inner diameters of the outer limiting hole and the inner limiting hole are smaller than the diameter of the steel ball, providing radial movement space for the steel ball while restricting the steel ball from coming out inward.

[0011] Preferably, it also includes a spoke roller body, which can be inserted and matched with the main shaft. The outer circumferential surface of the spoke roller body is provided with an annular locking groove that corresponds to and engages with the steel ball. In the locking position, the steel ball is radially inserted into the annular locking groove to lock the spoke roller body axially.

[0012] Preferably, one end of the outer sleeve is provided with a conical pressing surface, and the inner diameter of the conical pressing surface gradually decreases in the direction toward the main body of the spoke roller; in the locking position, the reset elastic element pushes the locking sleeve to drive the steel ball to move axially along the conical pressing surface, so that the steel ball is radially pressed inward and stuck into the annular locking groove, forming an axial locking force.

[0013] Preferably, the inner wall of the outer sleeve is provided with a radially protruding inner boss, and the outer ring of the inner boss is provided with a first sealing ring. The outer wall of the locking sleeve is provided with a radially protruding annular piston, and the outer ring of the annular piston is provided with a second sealing ring. The hydraulic chamber is formed between the annular piston and the inner boss.

[0014] Preferably, the side wall of the outer sleeve is provided with a hydraulic connector that communicates with the hydraulic chamber. Under normal installation and locking conditions, the hydraulic connector is connected to a low-pressure return oil pipeline, and the hydraulic chamber is connected to an external oil tank through the hydraulic connector.

[0015] Preferably, it also includes a fixed base, the outer sleeve is fixed on one axial side of the fixed base, the main shaft passes through the central hole of the fixed base, and a bearing is provided between the main shaft and the fixed base, the main shaft is rotatably supported on the fixed base by the bearing.

[0016] Preferably, a ball bearing support collar is fixedly provided at one end of the outer sleeve near the spoke roller body. The outer circumferential surface of the spoke roller body rolls with the inner ring of the ball bearing support collar, which can realize axial insertion and sliding and circumferential rotation support. The extended end of the spoke roller body is provided with a tapered roller surface for pressing and forming wheel spokes and assisting in wheel diameter expansion.

[0017] Preferably, the main shaft is provided with an external spline section at one end near the main body of the spoke roller, and the inner hole of the main body of the spoke roller is provided with an inner spline groove. The external spline section and the inner spline groove are adapted to each other. When the external spline section and the inner spline groove are fully inserted into place, the steel ball and the annular locking groove are axially aligned and locked together.

[0018] Preferably, the inner wall of the outer sleeve is provided with a limiting protrusion ring, which is used to abut against the limiting annular piston to limit the sliding stroke of the locking sleeve toward the main body of the spoke roller. The fixed seat is provided with an axially extending guide groove on the side near the locking sleeve. The outer wall of the locking sleeve is provided with a guide block, which is embedded in the guide groove to prevent the locking sleeve from rotating circumferentially.

[0019] The method of using the self-locking device for the spoke roll push-in of a high-speed wheel rolling mill includes:

[0020] Installation steps:

[0021] Step 1: Align the body of the spoke roller with the main shaft along the axial direction;

[0022] Step 2: Push the spoke roller body along the axial direction towards the main shaft side. The insertion end of the spoke roller body pushes against the steel ball, causing the steel ball to move radially outward. This causes the locking sleeve to overcome the elastic force of the reset elastic element and slide backward. During the backward movement of the locking sleeve, the volume of the hydraulic cavity expands. The external low-pressure oil circuit automatically replenishes oil into the hydraulic cavity to maintain the pressure balance in the cavity.

[0023] Step 3: When the main body of the spoke roller is inserted into the position and completes the centering and torque transmission with the main shaft, the annular locking groove is aligned with the axial position of the steel ball. The reset elastic element releases its elastic force to push the locking sleeve forward to the locking position, and the steel ball is radially pressed into the annular locking groove to complete the axial locking of the main body of the spoke roller.

[0024] Disassembly steps:

[0025] Step 4: Disconnect the low-pressure return oil line connected to the outside of the hydraulic chamber and connect the high-pressure oil supply device;

[0026] Step 5: Introduce high-pressure oil into the hydraulic chamber. The oil pressure acts on the piston of the locking sleeve, pushing the locking sleeve to slide backward and compress the reset elastic element, thus releasing the radial constraint on the steel ball.

[0027] Step 6: Pull the main body of the spoke roller outward along the axial direction to complete the disassembly.

[0028] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0029] 1. This invention avoids the traditional multi-bolt locking or tie-rod tightening disassembly and assembly method for spoke rolls, enabling the replacement of a single set of spoke rolls in a short time, solving the problems of long downtime and large capacity loss during roll replacement in high-speed wheel rolling mills. During installation, no special tooling such as torque wrenches or hydraulic pullers is required; simply pushing the spoke roll body axially triggers automatic locking. The entire process eliminates cumbersome procedures such as bolt tightening and torque calibration. Disassembly only requires switching the high-pressure oil circuit to simultaneously complete hydraulic unlocking and roll ejection, avoiding the problems of high-temperature thermal expansion jamming, impact damage, and even gas cutting inherent in traditional structures.

[0030] 2. This design resolves the inherent contradictions of insufficient locking force and inability to adapt to heavy-load conditions in quick-release structures. It employs a normally closed mechanical locking mechanism combined with a load-reinforcing wedge-tightening principle, resulting in superior locking reliability compared to traditional bolt locking structures. The conical pressing surface of the outer sleeve, in conjunction with the circumferential steel balls, creates a self-reinforcing effect. The greater the axial rolling load on the spoke roll, the stronger the radial pressing force of the conical surface on the steel balls, leading to a more secure lock. This design perfectly matches the high load and strong alternating stress characteristics of high-speed wheel rolling. Simultaneously, the multi-point steel balls bear the load evenly along the circumference, avoiding the failure risks of uneven preload and single bolt overload fracture common in traditional multi-bolt systems. Combined with the torsion transmission of the spline pair and the conical centering structure, this ensures the dynamic balance accuracy of the spoke roll during high-speed operation, effectively reducing roll body runout during rolling.

[0031] 3. In traditional locking structures, bolts or tie rods are subjected to high temperatures and alternating loads for a long time, which can easily lead to fatigue fracture, thread stripping, and seizing due to thermal expansion. They need to be replaced in batches regularly, and the main shaft threads or mating tapered surfaces are easily damaged during disassembly. This solution eliminates the easily worn threaded locking pair, and the steel balls and mating surfaces of the load-bearing components are treated with high-temperature hardening, which effectively improves the wear resistance and life. Under normal working conditions, only regular lubrication and maintenance are required. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the mounting components of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 Sectional view of the installed components;

[0034] Figure 3 Exploded view of the installed components;

[0035] Figure 4 A 3D view of the spoke rollers and mounting components after installation;

[0036] Figure 5 Another perspective view of the spoke rollers and mounting components after installation;

[0037] Figure 6 Top view of the spoke rollers and mounting assembly after installation;

[0038] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Sectional view of AA in the middle;

[0039] Figure 8 for Figure 6 Cross-sectional view of the middle section (BB);

[0040] Figure 9 This is a diagram of the internal structure after removing the outer sleeve;

[0041] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional view of the main body of the spoke roller;

[0042] Figure 11 Main axis three-dimensional diagram;

[0043] Figure 12 This is a diagram showing the condition of the spoke rollers and mounting components before installation.

[0044] Figure 13 This is a diagram showing the status of the spoke rollers and mounting components during installation.

[0045] In the picture:

[0046] 1. Fixed seat; 11. Guide groove; 2. Outer sleeve; 21. Ball bearing support collar; 22. Inner boss; 23. First sealing ring; 24. Limiting protrusion ring; 25. Conical pressing surface; 3. Spindle roller body; 31. Conical head; 32. Inner spline groove; 33. Annular locking groove; 4. Hydraulic joint; 5. Main shaft; 51. Bearing; 52. Outer spline section; 6. Locking sleeve; 61. Outer limiting hole; 62. Steel ball; 63. Inner limiting hole; 64. Piston; 65. Second sealing ring; 66. Guide block; 67. Limiting plate; 7. Hydraulic cavity; 8. Reset elastic element. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The application principle of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0048] Example 1:

[0049] like Figure 1-13 As shown, the high-speed wheel rolling mill spoke roll push-in self-locking device includes an outer sleeve 2, a main shaft 5, a locking sleeve 6 axially slidingly assembled inside the outer sleeve 2, and a spoke roll body 3 that can be inserted and engaged with the main shaft 5. It adopts a coaxial layered modular layout. The outer sleeve 2 is the fixed bearing shell of the entire locking mechanism. The locking sleeve 6 is coaxially nested in the inner hole of the outer sleeve 2 and can slide back and forth along the axial direction. The main shaft 5 passes through the center of the assembly and serves as the power input and centering reference component. The spoke roll body 3 is the rolling working component. It is inserted from the front opening of the outer sleeve 2 and achieves insertion and torque transmission with the main shaft 5. At the same time, the radial locking action of the locking sleeve 6 achieves axial fixation. Assembly can be completed without bolt fastening.

[0050] In this embodiment, a fixed base 1 is also included. The outer sleeve 2 is fixed on one axial side of the fixed base 1. The main shaft 5 passes through the central hole of the fixed base 1, and a bearing 51 is provided between the main shaft 5 and the fixed base 1. The main shaft 5 is rotatably supported on the fixed base 1 through the bearing 51. The fixed base 1 is the mounting base of the entire assembly. Its bottom is rigidly connected to the roll system support of the rolling mill frame by bolts. The fixed base 1 has a bearing mounting hole machined in the center. The outer ring of the bearing 51 is interference-fitted with the bearing hole of the fixed base 1, and the inner ring is interference-fitted with the support journal of the main shaft 5, so as to provide stable radial support and axial limit for the main shaft 5 and withstand the radial force and axial reaction force during the rolling process. The rear end of the outer sleeve 2 is provided with a connecting flange, which is fastened to the front end face of the fixed base 1 by bolts to ensure that the inner hole axis of the outer sleeve 2 is completely coincident with the axis of the main shaft 5, and to ensure the coaxiality accuracy of the locking sleeve 6 and the main body 3 of the spoke roll.

[0051] The outer sleeve 2 is fixed with a ball bearing support collar 21 at one end near the spoke roller body 3. The outer circumferential surface of the spoke roller body 3 is in rolling engagement with the inner ring of the ball bearing support collar 21, which can realize axial insertion and sliding and circumferential rotation support. The extended end of the spoke roller body 3 is provided with a tapered roller surface 31, which is used to press and form wheel spokes and assist in wheel diameter expansion.

[0052] The ball bearing support collar 21 consists of an outer ring, an inner ring, and multiple circumferentially evenly distributed high-temperature resistant rolling steel balls. The outer ring is fixed to the inner wall of the front end of the outer sleeve 2 by a snap ring or set screw. The outer cylindrical surface of the spoke roller body 3 rolls in contact with the inner circle of the steel balls in the ball bearing support collar 21, providing radial guidance for the spoke roller body 3 during insertion, changing traditional sliding friction to rolling friction and reducing insertion and extraction resistance. During rolling, the ball bearing support collar 21 assists the main shaft 5 in providing radial support for the spoke roller body 3, reducing the runout at the cantilever end of the spoke roller. The cone angle of the tapered roller surface 31 matches the design forming angle of the wheel spokes. During operation, it contacts the spoke area of ​​the high-temperature wheel blank and applies rolling pressure while rotating synchronously with the main shaft 5, completing the spoke forming and wheel diameter expansion processes.

[0053] The locking sleeve 6 has multiple radial limiting cavities circumferentially arranged at one end near the spoke roller body 3. Each radial limiting cavity contains a radially movable steel ball 62. The multiple radial limiting cavities are evenly distributed at equal angles along the circumferential direction of the front end of the locking sleeve 6, with 12 cavities in total. Each cavity contains one steel ball 62. The steel ball 62 can extend and retract in the radial direction of the locking sleeve 6 within the cavity. When it extends inward, it engages with the locking groove of the spoke roller body 3 to achieve locking. When it retracts outward, it releases the locking constraint. The multiple steel balls 62 evenly arranged circumferentially can evenly distribute the axial locking load along the circumference, avoid stress concentration at a single point, and improve the overall locking load-bearing capacity and impact resistance.

[0054] Specifically, the radial limiting cavity includes an outer limiting hole 61, an inner limiting hole 63, and a limiting plate 67. The outer limiting hole 61 is circumferentially disposed on the outer wall of the locking sleeve 6, and the inner limiting hole 63 is circumferentially disposed on the inner wall of the locking sleeve 6. The inner diameters of the outer limiting hole 61 and the inner limiting hole 63 are smaller than the diameter of the steel ball 62, providing radial movement space for the steel ball 62 while restricting the steel ball from coming out inward.

[0055] The radial limiting cavity is a stepped through-hole penetrating the wall thickness of the locking sleeve 6. The outer limiting hole 61 is located near the outer wall, and the inner limiting hole 63 is located near the inner wall. The diameter of the middle section of the hole is clearance-fitted with the diameter of the steel ball 62, forming a radial movement channel. The diameter of the outer limiting hole 61 is smaller than the diameter of the steel ball 62, forming an outer constriction that limits the maximum outward stroke of the steel ball 62, preventing it from falling off the outer wall. Similarly, the diameter of the inner limiting hole 63 is smaller than the diameter of the steel ball 62, forming an inner constriction that, together with the limiting plate 67, prevents the steel ball 62 from falling completely into the inner hole of the locking sleeve 6. During assembly, the steel ball 62 is inserted into the middle channel from the outer limiting hole 61 side, and then the limiting plate 67 is installed on the inner wall side to complete the inner limiting, ensuring that the steel ball 62 can only move within the set radial stroke.

[0056] The outer circumferential surface of the spoke roller body 3 is provided with an annular locking groove 33 that engages with the steel ball 62. The annular locking groove 33 is an arc-shaped groove continuously machined around the entire outer circumference of the spoke roller body 3. The curvature of the groove cross section matches the spherical curvature of the steel ball 62. When the steel ball 62 is radially inserted into the annular locking groove 33, the spherical surface of the steel ball 62 simultaneously fits against the front and rear side walls of the annular locking groove 33, forming an axial locking structure. This structure can withstand the forward and backward bidirectional axial loads on the spoke roller body 3, preventing its axial movement. The full-circumferential design eliminates the need for circumferential alignment, allowing the spoke roller body 3 to be inserted at any rotational angle to achieve engagement, reducing the difficulty of assembly alignment.

[0057] The main shaft 5 has an external spline section 52 at one end near the spoke roller body 3. The inner hole of the spoke roller body 3 has an inner spline groove 32. The external spline section 52 and the inner spline groove 32 are adapted to each other. When the external spline section 52 and the inner spline groove 32 are fully inserted into the position, the steel ball 62 and the annular locking groove 33 are axially aligned and locked. The external spline section 52 and the inner spline groove 32 adopt an involute spline pair, which is a circumferential torque transmission structure. The rotational torque of the main shaft 5 is transmitted to the spoke roller body 3 through tooth surface meshing, driving it to rotate synchronously. In terms of axial dimension design, when the inner spline groove 32 is fully inserted into the external spline section 52 and the rear end face of the spoke roller body 3 abuts against the positioning shoulder of the main shaft 5, the axial center of the annular locking groove 33 is exactly in the same axial plane as the center of the steel ball 62. This ensures that the torque transmission is in place, and at the same time, the locking mechanism is triggered to lock, achieving the automatic alignment effect of locking when fully inserted.

[0058] An annular hydraulic cavity 7 is formed between the inner wall of the outer sleeve 2 and the outer wall of the locking sleeve 6. When high-pressure oil is introduced, the hydraulic cavity 7 can push the locking sleeve 6 to slide axially, releasing the radial constraint on the steel ball 62. The hydraulic cavity 7 is a coaxially arranged annular sealed chamber located in the annular space between the inner wall of the outer sleeve 2 and the outer wall of the locking sleeve 6. When high-pressure hydraulic oil is introduced into the hydraulic cavity 7, the oil pressure acts evenly on the annular force-bearing end face of the locking sleeve 6, generating a stable axial thrust, pushing the locking sleeve 6 to slide backward along the inner wall of the outer sleeve 2. During the backward movement of the locking sleeve 6, the radial pressing effect on the steel ball 62 is gradually released, and the steel ball 62 can move freely outward, thereby releasing the axial locking constraint on the spoke roller body 3.

[0059] Specifically, the inner wall of the outer sleeve 2 is provided with a radially protruding inner boss 22, and a first sealing ring 23 is provided on the outer ring of the inner boss 22. The outer wall of the locking sleeve 6 is provided with a radially protruding annular piston 64, and a second sealing ring 65 is provided on the outer ring of the annular piston 64. The hydraulic chamber 7 is formed between the annular piston 64 and the inner boss 22. A sealing groove is machined on the inner cylindrical surface of the inner boss 22, and the first sealing ring 23 is embedded in the sealing groove. Its inner ring slides against the outer wall of the locking sleeve 6 to achieve a dynamic seal between the inner boss 22 and the locking sleeve 6. A sealing groove is machined on the outer cylindrical surface of the annular piston 64, and a second sealing ring 65 is embedded in the sealing groove. Its outer ring slides against the inner wall of the outer sleeve 2 to achieve a dynamic seal between the annular piston 64 and the outer sleeve 2.

[0060] The outer sleeve 2 has a hydraulic connector 4 on its side wall that is connected to the hydraulic chamber 7. Under normal installation and locking conditions, the hydraulic connector 4 is connected to a low-pressure return oil line, and the hydraulic chamber 7 is connected to an external oil tank through the hydraulic connector 4. When the locking sleeve 6 moves axially back and forth, the oil can be automatically replenished or discharged through the hydraulic connector 4 to maintain the pressure balance in the chamber. Under disassembly conditions, the low-pressure return oil line is switched to a high-pressure oil supply device, and the high-pressure oil is injected into the hydraulic chamber through the hydraulic connector 4 to push the locking sleeve 6 to move backward to release the radial limit on the steel ball 62.

[0061] Hydraulic connector 4 adopts a flat-head quick-connect structure and is fixedly installed on the oil hole on the side wall of the outer sleeve 2, with the oil hole communicating with the interior of the hydraulic chamber 7. During normal locking and installation, hydraulic connector 4 is connected to the low-pressure return oil line of the rolling mill, connecting the hydraulic chamber 7 with the atmospheric pressure oil tank to form an open oil circuit: when the locking sleeve 6 slides backward and the volume of the hydraulic chamber 7 expands, a negative pressure is formed inside the chamber, and the low-pressure oil in the oil tank is automatically replenished into the hydraulic chamber 7 through hydraulic connector 4, preventing the negative pressure from adsorbing the locking sleeve 6; when the locking sleeve 6 slides forward and the volume of the hydraulic chamber 7 shrinks, the excess oil in the chamber is automatically discharged back to the oil tank through hydraulic connector 4, preventing pressure buildup from hindering the reset of the locking sleeve 6. During disassembly, the low-pressure line is quickly disconnected, and the quick-connect connector of the manual high-pressure pump is connected to hydraulic connector 4 to inject high-pressure oil to drive unlocking. During the insertion and removal process, the built-in valve core of the connector automatically seals to prevent oil leakage and impurities from entering.

[0062] A reset elastic element 8 is provided between the locking sleeve 6 and the outer sleeve 2. Under normal conditions, the reset elastic element 8 pushes the locking sleeve 6 to remain in the locking position, so that the steel ball 62 is radially inserted into the annular locking groove 33, and axially locks the spoke roller body 3. The reset elastic element 8 is a cylindrical helical compression spring, which is coaxially fitted inside the locking sleeve 6. The front end of the reset elastic element 8 abuts against the inner cavity end face of the locking sleeve 6, and the rear end abuts against the inner cavity end of the outer sleeve 2. During assembly, it is in a pre-compressed state and continuously applies a forward axial elastic force to the annular piston 64, pushing the locking sleeve 6 to always remain in the front locking position.

[0063] Specifically, one end of the outer sleeve 2 is provided with a conical pressing surface 25, and the inner diameter of the conical pressing surface 25 gradually decreases in the direction toward the main body 3 of the spoke roller; in the locking position, the reset elastic element 8 pushes the locking sleeve 6 to drive the steel ball 62 to move axially along the conical pressing surface 25, so that the steel ball 62 is radially pressed inward and stuck into the annular locking groove 33, forming an axial locking force;

[0064] Specifically, the inner wall of the front end of the outer sleeve 2 is machined with a conical pressing surface 25. The inner diameter of the conical pressing surface 25 gradually decreases along the direction towards the main body of the spoke roll 3, forming a conical structure that is narrow at the front and wide at the back. The outer spherical surface of the steel ball 62 is always in close contact with the conical pressing surface 25. In the locking position, the reset elastic element 8 pushes the locking sleeve 6 forward, causing the steel ball 62 to slide forward synchronously along the conical pressing surface 25. The inner diameter of the conical surface gradually decreases, generating a radially inward pressing force on the steel ball 62, firmly pressing the steel ball 62 into the annular locking groove 33. When the main body of the spoke roll 3 is subjected to a rearward rolling axial force, the front side wall of the annular locking groove 33 squeezes the steel ball 62 backward. The steel ball 62 drives the locking sleeve 6 to generate a forward movement tendency, further increasing the radial pressing force of the conical pressing surface 25 on the steel ball 62, forming a self-reinforcing wedge clamping effect. The greater the rolling load, the more secure the locking.

[0065] The inner wall of the outer sleeve 2 is provided with a limiting protrusion ring 24, which is used to abut against the limiting annular piston 64 to limit the sliding stroke of the locking sleeve 6 toward the spoke roller body 3. The fixed seat 1 is provided with an axially extending guide groove 11 on the side near the locking sleeve 6. The outer wall of the locking sleeve 6 is provided with a guide block 66, which is embedded in the guide groove 11 to prevent the locking sleeve 6 from rotating circumferentially.

[0066] Specifically, when the locking sleeve 6 moves forward to the locking position, the front end face of the annular piston 64 abuts against the rear end face of the limiting protrusion 24, preventing the locking sleeve 6 from moving further forward and limiting the front limit stroke of the locking sleeve 6, thus avoiding excessive wedging of the steel ball 62 and making unlocking difficult. The front end face of the fixed base 1 is provided with an axially extending guide groove 11. The rear end outer wall of the locking sleeve 6 is fixedly installed with a guide block 66 by screws. The outer end of the guide block 66 is embedded in the guide groove 11 with clearance fit. The guide groove 11 and the guide block 66 cooperate to constrain the circumferential rotational freedom of the locking sleeve 6, allowing it to slide back and forth in a straight line along the axial direction only, ensuring that the circumferential position of the steel ball 62 always corresponds to the annular locking groove 33, and preventing circumferential misalignment and jamming.

[0067] Example 2:

[0068] Based on Embodiment 1, a method for using a self-locking device for pushing in the spoke rolls of a high-speed wheel rolling mill is provided, including:

[0069] Installation steps:

[0070] Step 1, Coaxial Alignment: Align the main body 3 of the spoke roller to be installed with the main shaft 5 along the axial direction, so that the end of the main body 3 with the inner spline groove 32 faces the end of the main shaft 5 with the outer spline section 52.

[0071] Step 2, Pushing in the guide: Push the spoke roller body 3 axially toward the main shaft 5. The insertion end of the spoke roller body 3 first passes through the ball bearing ring 21 at the end of the outer sleeve 2. The ball bearing ring 21 provides radial support and sliding guidance. Continue pushing until the end guide slope of the spoke roller body 3 contacts the circumferentially arranged steel balls 62 of the locking sleeve 6.

[0072] Slipper clearance: The spoke roller body 3 is continuously pushed axially. The guide slope at the end of the spoke roller body 3 pushes the steel ball 62 outward along the radial limiting cavity. The steel ball 62 is driven by the reaction force of the conical pressing surface of the inner wall of the outer sleeve 2 to slide the locking slipper 6 axially away from the spoke roller body 3 along the inner wall of the outer sleeve 2. At the same time, the reset elastic element 8 inside the locking slipper 6 is compressed. During the sliding process of the locking slipper 6, the annular piston part 64 on its outer wall moves backward synchronously to expand the volume of the hydraulic cavity 7. The external low-pressure return oil pipeline connected to the hydraulic cavity 7 automatically replenishes hydraulic oil into the hydraulic cavity 7 to maintain the pressure balance in the cavity. When the locking slipper 6 slides, the guide block 66 on its outer wall moves axially along the guide groove on the inner wall of the outer sleeve 2 to restrict the circumferential rotation of the locking slipper 6.

[0073] Step 3, Automatic Locking: When the spoke roller body 3 is pushed to the point where the inner spline groove 32 and the outer spline section 52 of the main shaft 5 are fully engaged, the annular locking groove 33 on the outer periphery of the spoke roller body 3 is aligned with the axial position of the steel ball 62. At this time, the reset elastic element 8 releases its elastic force to push the locking sleeve 6 to slide and reset towards the spoke roller body 3. The inner wall of the radial limiting cavity of the locking sleeve 6 presses the steel ball 62 radially inward into the annular locking groove 33 until the annular piston part 64 abuts against the limiting protrusion 24 of the inner cavity of the outer sleeve 2. The locking sleeve 6 stays in the locking position, completing the axial locking and circumferential torque transmission assembly of the spoke roller body 3.

[0074] Disassembly steps:

[0075] Step 4: Disconnect the low-pressure return oil line connected to the outside of the hydraulic chamber 7, and connect the quick-connect coupling of the high-pressure oil supply device to the oil passage interface on the side wall of the outer sleeve 2 to connect the high-pressure oil line with the hydraulic chamber 7.

[0076] Step 5, Hydraulic unlocking: Start the high-pressure oil supply device to introduce high-pressure oil into the hydraulic chamber 7. The high-pressure oil acts on the end face of the annular piston part 64 of the locking sleeve 6, pushing the locking sleeve 6 to overcome the elastic force of the reset elastic element 8 and slide axially away from the main body 3 of the spoke roller. The radial limiting cavity of the locking sleeve 6 gradually releases the radial constraint on the steel ball 62. The steel ball 62 can move outward along the radial limiting cavity to complete the unlocking of the axial locking.

[0077] Step 6: Pull the main shaft 5 outward along the axial direction of the spoke roller body 3 to complete the disassembly. After the spoke roller body 3 is completely separated from the main shaft 5 and the ball bearing sleeve 21 is completely removed, turn off the high-pressure oil supply device and depressurize, remove the spoke roller body 3, and complete the disassembly operation.

Claims

1. A self-locking device for pushing in spoke rolls of a high-speed wheel rolling mill, characterized in that: Includes an outer sleeve (2), a main shaft (5), and a locking sleeve (6) that is axially slidably assembled inside the outer sleeve (2); The locking sleeve (6) has multiple radial limiting cavities along the circumference at one end near the main body (3) of the spoke roller, and each radial limiting cavity is equipped with a radially movable steel ball (62). An annular hydraulic cavity (7) is formed between the inner wall of the outer sleeve (2) and the outer wall of the locking sleeve (6). When high-pressure oil is introduced, the hydraulic cavity (7) can push the locking sleeve (6) to slide backward along the axial direction, thereby releasing the radial restriction on the steel ball (62). One end of the outer sleeve (2) is provided with a conical pressing surface (25), and the inner diameter of the conical pressing surface (25) gradually decreases in the direction toward the main body of the spoke roller (3); A reset elastic element (8) is provided between the locking sleeve (6) and the outer sleeve (2). The reset elastic element (8) normally pushes the locking sleeve (6) to remain in the locking position, so that the steel ball (62) remains in the radially inward locking position, which is used to axially lock the spoke roller that is inserted into the main shaft (5).

2. The high-speed wheel rolling mill spoke roll push-in self-locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radial limiting cavity includes an outer limiting hole (61), an inner limiting hole (63), and a limiting plate (67). The outer limiting hole (61) is circumferentially disposed on the outer side wall of the locking sleeve (6), and the inner limiting hole (63) is circumferentially disposed on the inner side wall of the locking sleeve (6). The inner diameters of the outer limiting hole (61) and the inner limiting hole (63) are smaller than the diameter of the steel ball (62), providing radial movement space for the steel ball (62) while restricting the steel ball from coming out inward.

3. The high-speed wheel rolling mill spoke roll push-in self-locking device according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the locking position, the reset elastic element (8) pushes the locking sleeve (6) to drive the steel ball (62) to move axially along the conical pressing surface (25), so that the steel ball (62) is radially pressed inward and stuck into the locking area of ​​the spoke roller, forming an axial locking force.

4. The high-speed wheel rolling mill spoke roll push-in self-locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the outer sleeve (2) is provided with a radially protruding inner boss (22), and the outer ring of the inner boss (22) is provided with a first sealing ring (23). The outer wall of the locking sleeve (6) is provided with a radially protruding annular piston (64), and the outer ring of the annular piston (64) is provided with a second sealing ring (65). The hydraulic chamber (7) is formed between the annular piston (64) and the inner boss (22).

5. The high-speed wheel rolling mill spoke roll push-in self-locking device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer sleeve (2) has a hydraulic connector (4) connected to the hydraulic chamber (7) on its side wall. Under normal installation and locking conditions, the hydraulic connector (4) is connected to a low-pressure return oil pipeline, and the hydraulic chamber (7) is connected to an external oil tank through the hydraulic connector (4).

6. The high-speed wheel rolling mill spoke roll push-in self-locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a fixed seat (1), the outer sleeve (2) is fixed on one side of the axial direction of the fixed seat (1), the main shaft (5) passes through the center hole of the fixed seat (1), and a bearing (51) is provided between the main shaft (5) and the fixed seat (1). The main shaft (5) is rotatably supported on the fixed seat (1) through the bearing (51).

7. The high-speed wheel rolling mill spoke roll push-in self-locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a spoke roller body (3), which can be inserted into the main shaft (5). The outer circumferential surface of the spoke roller body (3) is provided with an annular locking groove (33) that corresponds to and engages with the steel ball (62). In the locking position, the steel ball (62) is radially inserted into the annular locking groove (33) to lock the spoke roller body (3) axially.

8. The high-speed wheel rolling mill spoke roll push-in self-locking device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The main shaft (5) is provided with an outer spline section (52) at one end near the spoke roller body (3). The inner hole of the spoke roller body (3) is provided with an inner spline groove (32). The outer spline section (52) and the inner spline groove (32) are adapted to each other. When the outer spline section (52) and the inner spline groove (32) are fully inserted into place, the steel ball (62) and the annular locking groove (33) are axially aligned and locked.

9. The high-speed wheel rolling mill spoke roll push-in self-locking device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inner wall of the outer sleeve (2) is provided with a limiting protrusion ring (24), which is used to abut against the limiting annular piston (64) to limit the sliding stroke of the locking sleeve (6) toward the spoke roller body (3). The fixed seat (1) has an axially extending guide groove (11) on the side near the locking sleeve (6). The outer wall of the locking sleeve (6) is provided with a guide block (66), which is embedded in the guide groove (11).

10. The method of using the high-speed wheel rolling mill spoke roll push-in self-locking device according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: Installation steps: Step 1: Align the main body (3) of the spoke roller with the main shaft (5) along the axial direction; Step 2: Push the spoke roller body (3) along the axial direction towards the main shaft (5). The insertion end of the spoke roller body (3) pushes against the steel ball (62), causing the steel ball (62) to move radially outward, thereby driving the locking sleeve (6) to overcome the elastic force of the reset elastic element (8) and slide backward. During the backward movement of the locking sleeve (6), the volume of the hydraulic cavity expands, and the external low-pressure oil circuit automatically replenishes oil into the hydraulic cavity (7) to maintain the pressure balance in the cavity. Step 3: When the main body (3) of the spoke roller is inserted into the position and the centering and torque transmission are completed with the main shaft (5), the annular locking groove (33) and the steel ball (62) are aligned in the axial position. The reset elastic element (8) releases the elastic force to push the locking sleeve (6) forward to the locking position, and the steel ball (62) is radially pressed into the annular locking groove (33) to complete the axial locking of the main body (3) of the spoke roller. Disassembly steps: Step 4: Disconnect the low-pressure return oil line connected to the hydraulic chamber (7) and connect it to the high-pressure oil supply device; Step 5: High-pressure oil is introduced into the hydraulic chamber (7). The oil pressure acts on the piston (64) of the locking sleeve (6), pushing the locking sleeve (6) to slide backward and compress the reset elastic element (8), thereby releasing the radial constraint on the steel ball (62). Step 6: Pull the main body (3) of the spoke roller outward along the axial direction to remove the main shaft (5) and complete the disassembly.

Images