Automatic combined forging and heat treatment device for torsion pin

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of torsion pin, and discloses a torsion pin automatic forging and heat treatment combined machining device, which comprises an automatic feeding and medium-frequency induction heating assembly, a precision die forging and trimming and shaping assembly, a mesh belt type continuous tempering assembly, a forging residual heat precise quenching assembly and a full-dimension quality detection assembly. The automatic feeding and medium-frequency induction heating assembly realizes automatic sorting, feeding and precise induction heating of the bar material, guarantees the uniformity and stability of the heating temperature, and provides qualified billets for subsequent forging. Through the use of a process direct connection type layout, the forging trimming process and the quenching process are directly connected, and the intermediate links of post-forging cooling, transfer and secondary heating are completely cancelled. Through the setting of a real-time temperature measuring device and a speed-adjusting conveying channel at the outlet of the trimming station, the residence time of the workpiece from the completion of forging to entering the quenching liquid is controlled to be not more than 45 seconds, and the quenching phase change is directly completed by using the residual heat of 840-860 DEG C retained in the forging process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of torque pin technology, specifically to an automated forging and heat treatment composite processing device for torque pins. Background Technology

[0002] Torque pins are key connecting components in various mechanical transmission systems. They mainly bear alternating torsional loads and shear loads, requiring high strength, high toughness, good fatigue resistance, and dimensional accuracy. Their machining quality directly determines the operational reliability and service life of the entire machine.

[0003] Composite forging is a metal processing technology that integrates casting, forging, and milling. It was pioneered by Professor Zhang Haiou's "Intelligent Micro-casting Forging and Milling" technology. This technology combines 3D printing, semi-solid rapid forging, and flexible robotics, performing composite forging during 3D printing to form an equiaxed fine-grained structure, breaking through the traditional separation of casting and forging. It is mainly used in automotive wheel hubs, aerospace engine parts, and other fields, covering the processing of materials such as aluminum alloys and titanium alloys, and has expanded to the manufacturing of high-performance, complex core components in aerospace, marine engineering, nuclear energy, and high-end equipment.

[0004] Currently, forged workpieces need to be cooled to room temperature before being transferred to a heat treatment workshop for secondary heating and quenching. This not only wastes the residual heat from forging (accounting for about 40% of the total energy consumption), but also causes oxide scale with a thickness of 0.2 to 0.5 mm to form on the surface of the workpiece, increasing subsequent machining allowances and material losses, while also affecting surface quality and fatigue performance. Moreover, traditional quenching processes cannot accurately control the utilization of residual heat from forging, resulting in large fluctuations in quenching temperature (±50℃), which easily leads to insufficient quenching or overheating, causing uneven hardness, deformation, and cracking of the workpiece. Tempering is mostly done in batches using box furnaces, resulting in poor holding time and temperature uniformity, and incomplete elimination of internal stress. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an automated forging and heat treatment composite processing device for torque pins, which solves the problems of separation of forging and heat treatment, high energy consumption, severe oxidation, and crude heat treatment quality control.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an automated forging and heat treatment composite processing device for torque pins, comprising: The system comprises an automatic feeding and medium-frequency induction heating assembly, a precision forging and trimming assembly, a mesh belt continuous tempering assembly, a forging residual heat precision quenching assembly, and a full-dimensional quality inspection assembly. The automatic feeding and medium-frequency induction heating assembly automatically sorts, feeds, and precisely induction heats the bar stock, ensuring uniform and stable heating temperatures and providing qualified billets for subsequent forging. The precision forging and trimming assembly precisely shapes the torque pins and removes flash, ensuring dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the forgings, while also providing a temperature basis for subsequent residual heat quenching. The mesh belt continuous tempering assembly continuously and uniformly tempers the quenched workpiece, eliminating internal stress and achieving the required hardness and toughness. The forging residual heat precision quenching assembly directly quenches the workpiece using forging residual heat, eliminating the need for secondary heating and ensuring quenching quality through precise control of the pre-quenching dwell time and cooling rate. The full-dimensional quality inspection assembly performs full-dimensional inspection of the finished torque pins, automatically rejecting defective products and ensuring product quality. The automatic feeding system for the medium-frequency induction heating assembly includes a vibratory feeder, a medium-frequency induction heating furnace, a transfer robot, and a high-pressure water descaling machine. The inner wall of the medium-frequency induction heating furnace is equipped with three sets of infrared thermometers, and the inner wall of the high-pressure water descaling machine is equipped with evenly distributed high-pressure nozzles. A water collection tank is fixedly connected to the bottom of the high-pressure water descaling machine.

[0007] Preferably, the precision forging and trimming assembly includes a servo-closed press, an automatic graphite spraying lubricator, and an integrated trimming and trimming machine. One side of the servo-closed press is fixedly connected to the automatic graphite spraying lubricator. A slider is provided on the top of the inner wall of the servo-closed press. A trimming mold is provided on one side of the inner wall between the top and bottom of the integrated trimming and trimming machine. A shaping mold is provided on the other side of the inner wall between the top and bottom of the integrated trimming and trimming machine. An infrared thermometer is provided at one end of the top of the inner wall of the integrated trimming and trimming machine.

[0008] Preferably, the mesh belt continuous tempering assembly includes a mesh belt continuous tempering furnace and a cooling zone shell. The top of the inner wall of the mesh belt continuous tempering furnace is fixedly connected with a uniformly distributed centrifugal hot air circulating fan. The bottom of the inner wall of the mesh belt continuous tempering furnace is provided with a mesh belt conveyor. The top of the cooling zone shell is connected with an axial flow fan. The bottom of the inner wall of the cooling zone shell is provided with uniformly distributed water-cooled coils.

[0009] Preferably, the forging residual heat precision quenching component includes a conveying channel, a stirring quenching tank, and an oil-draining machine. A uniformly distributed temperature measuring instrument is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the conveying channel. A uniformly distributed servo motor is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the stirring quenching tank. A stirrer is fixedly connected to the output end of the servo motor.

[0010] Preferably, the inner wall of the stirring quenching tank is provided with evenly distributed cooling coils, the bottom of the lifting oil drainer is provided with an oil draining tray, and a quenching oil purifier is fixedly connected to one end of the outer wall of the stirring quenching tank, and the input end of the quenching oil purifier is fixedly connected to the oil draining tray.

[0011] Preferably, the all-dimensional quality inspection component includes a machine vision dimension inspection module, an eddy current flaw detection module, a fully automatic hardness detection module, and an automatic non-conforming product sorting mechanism. The machine vision dimension inspection module has a background plate at the bottom and one end of its inner wall, a camera at the top and the middle of the other end of its inner wall, a hardness inspection indenter at the top of its inner wall, and a positioning fixture at the bottom of its inner wall.

[0012] Preferably, pneumatic push rods are fixedly connected to both sides of the top of the automatic sorting mechanism for non-conforming products, and push plates are fixedly connected to the output ends of the pneumatic push rods. Non-conforming product boxes are provided on both sides of one end of the automatic sorting mechanism for non-conforming products.

[0013] Preferably, a processing method for an automated forging and heat treatment composite processing device for torque pins includes the following steps: S1: Automatic feeding and heating The bar stock is sorted and fed by a vibratory feeder, then heated to 1150±20℃ in a medium-frequency induction heating furnace. After being descaled by high-pressure water, it is sent into the forging press by a robot. S2: Precision forging and trimming Servo press closed-die forging, automatic edge trimming and shaping, and real-time monitoring of post-forging temperature; S3: Quenching with residual heat from forging Adjust the conveying speed according to the post-forging temperature, control the dwell time before quenching to ≤45s, the workpiece enters the quenching tank for cooling and quenching, and after draining the oil, it is sent to the tempering furnace. S4: Continuous tempering The workpiece is continuously tempered in a mesh belt tempering furnace and forced to cool to room temperature; S5: Online Inspection and Sorting The system performs full inspections of dimensions, cracks, and hardness in sequence, automatically sorts qualified and unqualified products, and records production data.

[0014] Working principle: The bar stock is first fed into a vibratory feeder, where vibration enables automatic sorting and directional feeding, sequentially entering the medium-frequency induction heating furnace. Three sets of infrared thermometers inside the furnace monitor the billet temperature in real time. By adjusting the heating power, the temperature is stabilized at 1150±20℃, meeting the hot conditions required for forging. After heating, the billet enters a high-pressure water descaling machine. High-pressure nozzles spray water to remove surface oxide scale, and wastewater is collected in a bottom water collection tank to prevent oxide scale from entering the mold and affecting forming quality. The descaled hot billet is precisely gripped by a transfer robot and fed into the mold cavity of a servo-controlled closed-type press. After the billet is in place, the servo-driven closed-loop press drives the slide block downwards to complete the closed-loop precision forging of the torque pin. Before each forging, an automatic graphite lubrication machine automatically sprays lubricant into the mold cavity to reduce mold wear and ensure a smooth surface of the forging. The forged workpiece is then sent to an integrated trimming and shaping machine. First, the trimming die removes the flash, and then the shaping die corrects the end face dimensions to ensure that the shape and precision meet the standards. At the moment the trimming is completed, an infrared thermometer collects the real-time temperature of the workpiece, providing crucial data support for subsequent residual heat quenching. After edge trimming and shaping, the high-temperature workpiece directly enters the conveyor channel. A temperature gauge on the channel continuously monitors temperature changes, and the system automatically adjusts the conveyor belt speed, strictly controlling the workpiece's residence time from the end of forging to entering the quenching liquid to no more than 45 seconds, ensuring the temperature is within the optimal quenching range upon entering the quenching tank. After entering the stirring quenching tank, the stirrer inside, driven by a servo motor, continuously operates, working in conjunction with the cooling coils to stabilize the oil temperature, allowing the workpiece to cool rapidly and uniformly, completing the quenching phase transformation. After quenching, the workpiece is lifted by the lifting oil drainer and thoroughly drained onto the oil draining tray. The dripping quenching oil flows into the quenching oil purifier for filtration and circulation, maintaining a clean and stable medium. After oil draining, the workpieces are automatically fed into a mesh belt continuous tempering furnace, where they are conveyed at a uniform speed by a mesh belt conveyor. Multiple centrifugal hot air circulating fans inside the furnace force hot air circulation, ensuring uniform furnace temperature distribution, achieving continuous and stable tempering, eliminating quenching internal stress, and stabilizing mechanical properties. After tempering, the workpieces enter the cooling zone, where they are rapidly cooled to room temperature by the combined action of axial flow fans and water-cooling coils, facilitating subsequent testing. After cooling, the workpieces sequentially enter a comprehensive quality inspection process: first, a machine vision dimensional inspection module, in conjunction with a background panel and camera, inspects parameters such as shape, burrs, and chamfers; then, an eddy current flaw detection module screens for surface and near-surface cracks, inclusions, and other defects; finally, a fully automated hardness testing module automatically performs hardness testing using an indenter and positioning fixture. All inspection data is uploaded in real time. If a workpiece is deemed unqualified, the pneumatic pusher of the automatic unqualified product sorting mechanism drives a pusher plate to push the defective product into the corresponding unqualified product box; qualified products flow out along the conveyor line, completing the entire processing flow. The entire system is based on closed-loop temperature control and cycle linkage. Each unit operates in a fixed logic connection, which not only makes full use of the residual heat of forging to reduce energy consumption and oxidation, but also realizes full-process automation and 100% online full inspection, ensuring processing efficiency and stable product quality.

[0015] This invention provides an automated forging and heat treatment composite processing device for torque pins. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention adopts a direct-connection layout, directly connecting the forging trimming process with the quenching process, completely eliminating the intermediate steps of post-forging cooling, transfer, and secondary heating. By setting a real-time temperature measuring device and a speed-regulating conveyor channel at the exit of the trimming station, the dwell time of the workpiece from the completion of forging to entering the quenching liquid is precisely controlled to not exceed 45 seconds, and the residual heat of 840~860℃ retained during the forging process is directly used to complete the quenching phase transformation.

[0016] 2. This invention achieves segmented temperature control by installing three sets of infrared thermometers within the medium-frequency heating furnace. Temperature measuring devices and constant-temperature stirring systems are installed in the quenching conveyor channel and quenching tank, respectively. The tempering furnace employs a multi-temperature zone independent temperature control and hot air circulation structure. Temperature data from each node is fed back to the control system in real time. A PID algorithm automatically adjusts the heating power, conveying speed, and cooling medium temperature, achieving high-precision control of heating temperature ±10℃, quenching oil temperature ±2℃, and tempering temperature ±5℃. Simultaneously, a mesh belt continuous tempering process replaces the traditional box furnace batch processing, ensuring consistent heating time and temperature for all workpieces. This completely solves the problems of uneven tempering hardness and incomplete internal stress elimination, controlling product hardness deviation within ±HRC2. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the automatic feeding and medium-frequency induction heating assembly of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the precision forging and edge trimming assembly of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the mesh belt continuous tempering assembly of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the forging residual heat precision quenching component of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the full-dimensional quality inspection component of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the machine vision dimension detection module of the present invention.

[0018] The components include: 1. Vibratory feeder; 2. Medium-frequency induction heating furnace; 3. Infrared thermometer; 4. Transfer robot; 5. High-pressure water descaling machine; 6. Servo closed-type press; 7. Automatic graphite spraying lubrication machine; 8. Edge trimming and shaping integrated machine; 9. Mesh belt continuous tempering furnace; 10. Cooling zone shell; 11. Conveying channel; 12. Thermometer; 13. Stirring quenching tank; 14. Quenching oil purifier; 15. Servo motor; 16. Agitator; 17. Lifting oil drainer; 18. Machine vision dimension inspection module; 19. Eddy current flaw detection module. 20. Fully automatic hardness testing module; 21. Automatic sorting mechanism for defective products; 22. High-pressure nozzle; 23. Water collection tank; 24. Sliding block; 25. Infrared thermometer II; 26. Trimming mold; 27. Shaping mold; 28. Centrifugal hot air circulating fan; 29. ​​Mesh belt conveyor; 30. Axial flow fan; 31. Water cooling coil; 32. Cooling coil; 33. Oil draining tray; 34. Hardness testing indenter; 35. Positioning fixture; 36. Pneumatic push rod; 37. Push plate; 38. Defective product box; 39. Background board; 40. Camera. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Example: Please see the appendix Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 6 This invention provides an automated forging and heat treatment composite processing device for torque pins, comprising: The system comprises an automatic feeding and medium-frequency induction heating assembly, a precision forging and trimming assembly, a mesh belt continuous tempering assembly, a forging residual heat precision quenching assembly, and a full-dimensional quality inspection assembly. The automatic feeding and medium-frequency induction heating assembly enables automatic sorting, feeding, and precise induction heating of bar stock, ensuring uniform and stable heating temperatures and providing qualified billets for subsequent forging. The precision forging and trimming assembly enables precise forming and flash removal of torque pins, ensuring dimensional accuracy and surface quality of forgings, while providing a temperature basis for subsequent residual heat quenching. The mesh belt continuous tempering assembly enables continuous and uniform tempering of workpieces after quenching, eliminating internal stress and achieving the required hardness and toughness. The forging residual heat precision quenching assembly utilizes forging residual heat for direct quenching, eliminating the need for secondary heating and ensuring quenching quality through precise control of pre-quenching dwell time and cooling rate. The full-dimensional quality inspection assembly enables full-dimensional inspection of finished torque pins, automatically rejecting defective products and ensuring product quality. The automatic feeding system for the medium-frequency induction heating assembly includes a vibratory feeder 1, a medium-frequency induction heating furnace 2, a transfer robot 4, and a high-pressure water descaling machine 5. The inner wall of the medium-frequency induction heating furnace 2 is equipped with three sets of infrared thermometers 3, and the inner wall of the high-pressure water descaling machine 5 is equipped with evenly distributed high-pressure nozzles 22. The bottom of the high-pressure water descaling machine 5 is fixedly connected to a water collection tank 23.

[0021] The automatic feeding and medium-frequency induction heating assembly is the feeding end of the entire system. Its core function is to provide qualified hot billets with uniform temperature and clean surface for subsequent forging processes. The specific structure and operating logic are as follows: This assembly consists of a vibratory feeder 1, a medium-frequency induction heating furnace 2, a transfer robot 4, and a high-pressure water descaling machine 5 arranged sequentially. Bundles of billets are directly poured into the hopper of the vibratory feeder 1. The equipment automatically sorts and orients the billets through high-frequency vibration, conveying them one by one to the furnace feed inlet, avoiding the tediousness and errors of manual feeding. The medium-frequency induction heating furnace 2 is driven by an IGBT medium-frequency power supply. Three sets of infrared thermometers 3 are evenly arranged along the material flow direction on the inner wall of the furnace, corresponding to the billet's entry, middle, and exit ends, respectively. They collect temperature data from different locations on the billet in real time and automatically adjust the heating power through a PID closed-loop algorithm, stabilizing the final forging temperature of the billet at 1150±20℃, with a temperature uniformity of ±10℃, ensuring the consistency of the forging structure from the source. After heating, the billet immediately enters the high-pressure water descaling machine 5. Multiple sets of high-pressure nozzles 22 are arranged around the inner wall of the machine, spraying high-pressure water at a pressure of 0.8-1.2 MPa to remove the oxide scale generated on the surface of the billet during heating, preventing the oxide scale from being pressed into the forging surface and affecting quality. The wastewater and oxide scale debris generated during descaling are collected in the bottom water collection tank 23, and after sedimentation and filtration, they can be recycled, reducing water waste. The descaled hot billet is precisely grasped by a high-temperature resistant transfer robot 4 with a positioning accuracy of ±0.1 mm and smoothly fed into the forging mold cavity for the next process.

[0022] The precision forging and trimming assembly includes a servo closed press 6, an automatic graphite spraying lubricator 7, and an integrated trimming and trimming machine 8. One side of the servo closed press 6 is fixedly connected to the automatic graphite spraying lubricator 7. A slider 24 is provided on the top of the inner wall of the servo closed press 6. A trimming mold 26 is provided on one side of the top and bottom of the inner wall of the integrated trimming and trimming machine 8. A shaping mold 27 is provided on the other side of the top and bottom of the inner wall of the integrated trimming and trimming machine 8. An infrared thermometer 25 is provided at one end of the top of the inner wall of the integrated trimming and trimming machine 8.

[0023] The precision forging and trimming assembly is responsible for shaping the torsion pin's geometry and removing any flash, while also maintaining a stable temperature base for subsequent residual heat quenching. Its specific structure and operating logic are as follows: This assembly mainly includes a servo-controlled closed press 6, an automatic graphite lubrication sprayer 7, and an integrated trimming and trimming machine 8. The servo-controlled closed press 6, as the core forging equipment, uses a servo motor to drive the slide block 24 on its inner wall. The stroke accuracy can reach ±0.05mm, and the impact force can be steplessly adjusted according to the forming requirements of different specifications of torsion pins, ensuring the dimensional accuracy and fullness of the forgings. The automatic graphite lubrication sprayer 7 is fixedly installed on one side of the servo-controlled closed press 6. During the intervals between each forging cycle, the equipment automatically sprays atomized graphite lubricant into the upper and lower die cavities. The spraying amount and spraying time can be precisely set, ensuring the lubrication effect of the die, extending the die's service life, and avoiding excessive lubricant residue that could affect the surface quality of the forgings. After forging, the workpiece is directly transferred by a robotic arm to the adjacent trimming and shaping integrated machine 8, eliminating the need for intermediate storage and transfer. This equipment integrates two independent workstations: one side is equipped with a trimming die 26 to remove the forging flash around the forging in one pass, and the other side is equipped with a shaping die 27 to simultaneously refine the end face of the workpiece. The burr height after trimming can be controlled within 0.1mm. An infrared thermometer 25 is installed at one end of the inner wall of the trimming and shaping integrated machine 8 to collect the surface temperature of the workpiece in real time at the moment of shaping. This data is directly transmitted to the control system, serving as the core basis for adjusting the quenching parameters in the next process.

[0024] The mesh belt continuous tempering assembly includes a mesh belt continuous tempering furnace 9 and a cooling zone shell 10. The top of the inner wall of the mesh belt continuous tempering furnace 9 is fixedly connected with a uniformly distributed centrifugal hot air circulating fan 28. The bottom of the inner wall of the mesh belt continuous tempering furnace 9 is provided with a mesh belt conveyor 29. The top of the cooling zone shell 10 is provided with an axial flow fan 30. The bottom of the inner wall of the cooling zone shell 10 is provided with a uniformly distributed water cooling coil 31.

[0025] The mesh belt continuous tempering assembly is used to eliminate internal stress in quenched workpieces, stabilize their metallographic structure and mechanical properties, and achieve the required strength and toughness matching for torque pins. The specific structure and operating logic are as follows: The assembly consists of a mesh belt continuous tempering furnace 9 and a cooling zone shell 10. The oil-drained workpieces are automatically fed into the mesh belt continuous tempering furnace 9 and conveyed at a uniform speed by the mesh belt conveyor 29 at the bottom of the furnace. The mesh belt speed is perfectly matched to the cycle time of the preceding quenching process, achieving continuous production. Multiple centrifugal hot air circulating fans 28 are evenly installed on the top of the furnace body, forcing high-speed circulation of hot air inside the furnace. The hot air circulation frequency is ≥20 times / hour, ensuring temperature uniformity of ±10℃ at all locations within the furnace. The furnace body is divided into three independent temperature control zones: a preheating zone, a holding zone, and a cooling zone. Each zone is individually temperature-controlled with a control accuracy of ±5℃. Parameters can be flexibly adjusted according to the tempering process requirements of torque pins made of different materials. After tempering, the workpiece enters the cooling zone housing 10. The axial flow fan 30 at the top of the cooling zone blows air downwards, and together with the water cooling coil 31 arranged at the bottom, the workpiece is quickly cooled to room temperature by a combination of air cooling and water cooling. This avoids oxidation caused by prolonged exposure to high temperatures and meets the temperature requirements for subsequent online testing.

[0026] The forging waste heat precision quenching component includes a conveying channel 11, a stirring quenching tank 13, and a lifting oil drainer 17. A uniformly distributed temperature measuring instrument 12 is fixedly connected to the top side of the conveying channel 11. A uniformly distributed servo motor 15 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the stirring quenching tank 13. An agitator 16 is fixedly connected to the output end of the servo motor 15. A uniformly distributed cooling coil 32 is provided on the inner wall of the stirring quenching tank 13. An oil draining tray 33 is provided at the bottom of the lifting oil drainer 17. A quenching oil purifier 14 is fixedly connected to one end of the outer wall of the stirring quenching tank 13, and the input end of the quenching oil purifier 14 is fixedly connected to the oil draining tray 33.

[0027] The forging residual heat precision quenching component is the core innovative unit of this device. It completely abandons the traditional "post-forging cooling - secondary heating quenching" mode and directly utilizes the forging residual heat for quenching, significantly reducing energy consumption and oxidation loss. The specific structure and operating logic are as follows: This component consists of a conveying channel 11, a stirring quenching tank 13, an oil-draining machine 17, and a quenching oil purifier 14. The high-temperature workpiece after edge trimming and shaping directly enters the conveying channel 11. Multiple sets of temperature measuring instruments 12 are evenly arranged along the length of the channel top to continuously monitor the temperature change of the workpiece during the conveying process. The control system automatically adjusts the mesh belt running speed of the conveying channel 11 based on the initial temperature after forging collected by the infrared thermometer 25, strictly controlling the total residence time of the workpiece from the completion of forging to entering the quenching liquid to not exceed 45 seconds, ensuring that the temperature of the workpiece when entering the quenching tank is stable within the optimal quenching range of the material (840-860℃ for 40Cr steel). After the workpiece falls into the stirred quenching tank 13, multiple servo motors 15 evenly installed on the outer wall of the tank synchronously drive the internal agitator 16 to rotate at high speed. Combined with the cooling coils 32 arranged on the inner wall of the tank, the temperature of the quenching oil is maintained at 60-80℃ with a temperature uniformity of ±2℃, ensuring consistent cooling rates across all parts of the workpiece and preventing defects such as quenching deformation and uneven hardness. The quenched workpiece is lifted and conveyed from the quenching tank by the lifting oil drainer 17. During the lifting process, it passes through the oil drainer 33, thoroughly draining the quenching oil adhering to the workpiece surface to prevent the quenching oil from being carried into the subsequent tempering furnace, causing safety hazards and furnace contamination. The dripping quenching oil is collected by the oil drainer 33 and directly sent to the quenching oil purifier 14. Through centrifugal filtration, impurities such as oxide scale and metal shavings are removed from the oil. The purified quenching oil is then pumped back into the stirred quenching tank 13 for recycling, extending the service life of the quenching oil.

[0028] The full-dimensional quality inspection components include a machine vision dimension inspection module 18, an eddy current flaw detection module 19, a fully automatic hardness detection module 20, and an automatic sorting mechanism for defective products 21. The machine vision dimension inspection module 18 has a background plate 39 at the bottom and one end of its inner wall, and a camera 40 at the top and the middle of the other end of its inner wall. The fully automatic hardness detection module 20 has a hardness inspection indenter 34 at the top of its inner wall and a positioning fixture 35 at the bottom of its inner wall.

[0029] The all-dimensional quality inspection component achieves 100% full-item inspection and automatic sorting of finished torque pins, preventing defective products from entering the market. Its specific structure and operating logic are as follows: The component is arranged along the conveyor line as follows: a machine vision dimensional inspection module 18, an eddy current flaw detection module 19, and a fully automatic hardness inspection module 20. An automatic defective product sorting mechanism 21 is located at the end. After cooling, the workpiece first enters the machine vision dimensional inspection module 18. White background panels 39 are installed at the bottom and one end of the module, while a high-speed industrial camera 40 is installed at the top and the middle of the other end. Images of the workpiece are simultaneously captured from both vertical and horizontal directions. Image recognition algorithms automatically detect parameters such as the workpiece's length, diameter, chamfer dimensions, and burr height, with an accuracy of ±0.01mm. Workpieces that pass the dimensional inspection continue to the eddy current flaw detection module 19, which uses multi-frequency eddy current detection technology to quickly screen for defects such as cracks, porosity, and inclusions on and near the workpiece surface. The detection sensitivity can reach 0.1mm deep cracks. The workpiece then enters the fully automatic hardness testing module 20. The positioning fixture 35 at the bottom of the module automatically clamps and positions the workpiece, while the hardness testing indenter 34 at the top is precisely pressed down under servo drive to complete the Rockwell hardness test with a testing accuracy of ±0.5HRC. All test data is uploaded to the control system in real time. If a workpiece is determined to be unqualified, the pneumatic push rod 36 at the corresponding position of the unqualified product automatic sorting mechanism 21 will quickly move, driving the push plate 37 to push the unqualified product into the corresponding unqualified product box 38, which can be classified and stored according to size, defect, or hardness. Workpieces that pass all tests flow out along the main conveyor line and enter the finished product collection area, completing the entire processing flow.

[0030] The top two sides of the automatic sorting mechanism 21 for defective products are fixedly connected to pneumatic push rods 36, and the output end of the pneumatic push rods 36 is fixedly connected to a push plate 37. Defective product boxes 38 are provided on both sides of one end of the automatic sorting mechanism 21 for defective products.

[0031] A processing method for an automated forging and heat treatment composite machining device for torque pins includes the following steps: S1: Automatic feeding and heating The bar stock is sorted and fed by a vibratory feeder, then heated to 1150±20℃ in a medium-frequency induction heating furnace. After being descaled by high-pressure water, it is sent into the forging press by a robot. S2: Precision forging and trimming Servo press closed-die forging, automatic edge trimming and shaping, and real-time monitoring of post-forging temperature; S3: Quenching with residual heat from forging Adjust the conveying speed according to the post-forging temperature, control the dwell time before quenching to ≤45s, the workpiece enters the quenching tank for cooling and quenching, and after draining the oil, it is sent to the tempering furnace. S4: Continuous tempering The workpiece is continuously tempered in a mesh belt tempering furnace and forced to cool to room temperature; S5: Online Inspection and Sorting The system performs full inspections of dimensions, cracks, and hardness in sequence, automatically sorts qualified and unqualified products, and records production data.

[0032] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An automated forging and heat treatment composite processing device for torque pins, characterized in that, include: The system comprises an automatic feeding and medium-frequency induction heating assembly, a precision forging and trimming assembly, a mesh belt continuous tempering assembly, a forging residual heat precision quenching assembly, and a full-dimensional quality inspection assembly. The automatic feeding and medium-frequency induction heating assembly automatically sorts, feeds, and precisely induction heats the bar stock, ensuring uniform and stable heating temperatures and providing qualified billets for subsequent forging. The precision forging and trimming assembly precisely shapes the torque pins and removes flash, ensuring dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the forgings, while also providing a temperature basis for subsequent residual heat quenching. The mesh belt continuous tempering assembly continuously and uniformly tempers the quenched workpiece, eliminating internal stress and achieving the required hardness and toughness. The forging residual heat precision quenching assembly directly quenches the workpiece using forging residual heat, eliminating the need for secondary heating and ensuring quenching quality through precise control of the pre-quenching dwell time and cooling rate. The full-dimensional quality inspection assembly performs full-dimensional inspection of the finished torque pins, automatically rejecting defective products and ensuring product quality. The automatic feeding medium-frequency induction heating assembly includes a vibratory feeder (1), a medium-frequency induction heating furnace (2), a transfer robot (4), and a high-pressure water descaling machine (5). The inner wall of the medium-frequency induction heating furnace (2) is equipped with three sets of infrared thermometers (3). The inner wall of the high-pressure water descaling machine (5) is equipped with evenly distributed high-pressure nozzles (22). The bottom of the high-pressure water descaling machine (5) is fixedly connected to a water collection tank (23).

2. The automated forging and heat treatment composite processing device for torque pins according to claim 1, characterized in that, The precision forging and trimming assembly includes a servo closed press (6), an automatic graphite spraying lubricator (7), and an integrated trimming and trimming machine (8). One side of the servo closed press (6) is fixedly connected to the automatic graphite spraying lubricator (7). A slider (24) is provided on the top of the inner wall of the servo closed press (6). A trimming mold (26) is provided on one side of the top and bottom of the inner wall of the integrated trimming and trimming machine (8). A shaping mold (27) is provided on the other side of the top and bottom of the inner wall of the integrated trimming and trimming machine (8). An infrared thermometer (25) is provided at one end of the top of the inner wall of the integrated trimming and trimming machine (8).

3. The automated forging and heat treatment composite processing device for torque pins according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mesh belt continuous tempering assembly includes a mesh belt continuous tempering furnace (9) and a cooling zone shell (10). The top of the inner wall of the mesh belt continuous tempering furnace (9) is fixedly connected with a uniformly distributed centrifugal hot air circulating fan (28). The bottom of the inner wall of the mesh belt continuous tempering furnace (9) is provided with a mesh belt conveyor (29). The top of the cooling zone shell (10) is provided with an axial flow fan (30). The bottom of the inner wall of the cooling zone shell (10) is provided with a uniformly distributed water cooling coil (31).

4. The automated forging and heat treatment composite processing device for torque pins according to claim 1, characterized in that, The forging waste heat precision quenching assembly includes a conveying channel (11), a stirring quenching tank (13), and an oil-lifting drainer (17). A uniformly distributed temperature measuring instrument (12) is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the conveying channel (11). A uniformly distributed servo motor (15) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the stirring quenching tank (13). A stirrer (16) is fixedly connected to the output end of the servo motor (15).

5. The automated forging and heat treatment composite processing device for torque pins according to claim 4, characterized in that, The inner wall of the stirring quenching tank (13) is provided with evenly distributed cooling coils (32), the bottom of the lifting oil drainer (17) is provided with an oil draining tray (33), one end of the outer wall of the stirring quenching tank (13) is fixedly connected to a quenching oil purifier (14), and the input end of the quenching oil purifier (14) is fixedly connected to the oil draining tray (33).

6. The automated forging and heat treatment composite processing device for torque pins according to claim 1, characterized in that, The full-dimensional quality inspection component includes a machine vision size inspection module (18), an eddy current flaw detection module (19), a fully automatic hardness inspection module (20), and an automatic sorting mechanism for defective products (21). The machine vision size inspection module (18) has a background plate (39) at the bottom of its inner wall and at one end. The machine vision size inspection module (18) has a camera (40) at the top of its inner wall and at the middle of the other end. The fully automatic hardness inspection module (20) has a hardness inspection indenter (34) at the top of its inner wall and a positioning fixture (35) at the bottom of its inner wall.

7. The automated forging and heat treatment composite processing device for torque pins according to claim 6, characterized in that, The top two sides of the automatic sorting mechanism (21) for non-conforming products are fixedly connected to pneumatic push rods (36), the output end of the pneumatic push rods (36) is fixedly connected to a push plate (37), and non-conforming product boxes (38) are provided on both sides of one end of the automatic sorting mechanism (21).

8. A processing method for an automated forging and heat treatment composite machining device for torque pins, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Automatic feeding and heating The bar stock is sorted and fed by a vibratory feeder, then heated to 1150±20℃ in a medium-frequency induction heating furnace. After being descaled by high-pressure water, it is sent into the forging press by a robot. S2: Precision forging and trimming Servo press closed-die forging, automatic edge trimming and shaping, and real-time monitoring of post-forging temperature; S3: Quenching with residual heat from forging Adjust the conveying speed according to the post-forging temperature, control the dwell time before quenching to ≤45s, the workpiece enters the quenching tank for cooling and quenching, and after draining the oil, it is sent to the tempering furnace. S4: Continuous tempering The workpiece is continuously tempered in a mesh belt tempering furnace and forced to cool to room temperature; S5: Online Inspection and Sorting The system performs full inspections of dimensions, cracks, and hardness in sequence, automatically sorts qualified and unqualified products, and records production data.

Images