Gear hobbing machine

Abstract

The application discloses a gear broaching machine tool, and relates to the field of broaching machine tools, which comprises an equipment cabin, an upper movable plate, an upper hydraulic cylinder, an upper grab, a lower movable plate, a lower hydraulic cylinder, a lower grab and a broach, a material table is arranged on the top of the equipment cabin, the material table is connected with a driving device, and a material tool is arranged on the side of the material table. The workpiece feeding, processing and standing are synchronously performed through the rotation of the material table, instead of the traditional internal gear broaching feeding-broaching-stand-taking material in sequence, so that the workpiece broaching efficiency is improved, the workpiece that has completed the broaching can be automatically discharged during the rotation of the material table, the cumbersome manual taking of the material is saved, the labor intensity of the workers is reduced, and the overall efficiency of the internal gear broaching is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of broaching machine tools, specifically a gear broaching machine tool. Background Technology

[0002] Gear broaching machine tools, commonly known as internal gear broaching machines, are used to process involute internal gears / internal gear rings. They belong to the form broaching process, and the feed is realized by the broach's own structure, completing all cutting in one stroke.

[0003] When the internal gear broaching machine is working, the broach is initially clamped and suspended by the upper chuck. The operator places the workpiece in the positioning fixture and then uses a clamp to press the end face of the shaft. Subsequently, the upper chuck, driven by the auxiliary hydraulic cylinder, pushes the broach downward, so that the broach passes through the pre-made inner hole of the workpiece. The lower chuck then clamps the bottom of the broach. The upper chuck releases the broach shank, the cooling oil is turned on in advance, and the annular nozzle or multiple nozzles continuously spray the cutting area of ​​the workpiece. The main hydraulic cylinder drives the lower chuck to pull the broach down at a uniform speed. The internal gear forming cut is completed in one go by the broach's stepped teeth. After the machining is completed, the lower chuck drives the broach to move upward and back. The upper chuck clamps the broach shank again, the lower chuck releases the broach, and the upper chuck raises the broach to the standby position.

[0004] The core of internal gear broaching is to use a broach to cut the shape inside the workpiece. In the entire process of machining internal gears, the loading and unloading of the workpiece is usually done manually by the operator. That is, the operator manually moves the workpiece and places it in the groove of the workstation. After the internal gears are machined, the workpiece is allowed to stand for a short time to drain the cooling oil adhering to the surface. Then the operator manually takes it out. This operation method is significantly affected by human factors, and the efficiency of loading and unloading the workpiece is low, which restricts the overall production cycle of internal gear broaching. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide a gear broaching machine tool to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a gear broaching machine tool, comprising an equipment compartment, an upper movable plate, an upper hydraulic cylinder, an upper gripper, a lower movable plate, a lower hydraulic cylinder, a lower gripper, and a broach. A material platform is provided on the top of the equipment compartment, and a driving device is connected to the material platform. The material platform includes two symmetrically distributed support frames, with multiple sets of first fitting grooves formed between the two sets of support frames. Multiple sets of fixed seats are provided on the sides of the two sets of support frames, and material tooling for fitting workpieces is installed on the top of each of the fixed seats. The material tooling includes a mold base, with a positioning groove matching the workpiece on the top of the mold base. Second fitting grooves are provided on both sides of the mold base. The groove matches the first fitting groove. A movable ring is movably installed on the inner side of the mold base through an annular groove. A connecting frame is installed at the bottom of the movable ring through multiple sets of guide rods and springs. The multiple sets of guide rods and the mold base are movably connected through each other. The multiple sets of springs are located at the bottom of the mold base. A fixed rod is set at the bottom of the connecting frame. The top edge of the mold base is set as a guide slope. A guide block matching the fixed rod is set on the inner side of the equipment compartment. A top material block matching the first fitting groove and the second fitting groove is set on one side of the equipment compartment. When the material table rotates and the guide block lifts the fixed rod, the movable ring pushes the workpiece up. Then the workpiece follows the rotation of the material table and is pushed out by the top material block for automatic unloading.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution and setting up a rotating material table, the loading, unloading, processing and resting of workpieces can be carried out simultaneously, instead of the traditional internal gear broaching process of loading-broaching-resting-removing in sequence. This can improve the efficiency of workpiece broaching, and the workpieces that have completed broaching can be automatically unloaded during the rotation of the material table, eliminating the tediousness of manual material handling, reducing the labor intensity of workers, and ensuring the overall efficiency of internal gear broaching.

[0008] The present invention is further configured such that the two sets of bearing frames are assembled and fixed by setting multiple sets of long bolts, and multiple sets of positioning holes are opened on the side of the two sets of bearing frames.

[0009] Preferably, long bolts are used to allow the two sets of support frames to be assembled and fixed together.

[0010] The invention is further configured such that two sets of positioning mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the material platform at the top of the equipment compartment via mounting brackets. Each positioning mechanism includes a movable block, which is movably mounted on the top of the bracket. A telescopic component is connected to the side of the movable block, and a material clamping block is provided on the top of the telescopic component. Two sets of positioning rods are provided on the side of the telescopic component, and the positioning rods match the positioning holes.

[0011] Preferably, the prior art uses the same type of positioning device to clamp the workpiece, while the positioning mechanism in this application is also used to stabilize the material platform. While clamping the workpiece, the positioning mechanism uses the positioning rod and positioning hole to fit together to achieve the support and stability of the material platform.

[0012] The present invention is further configured such that the material clamping block and the edge of the workpiece shaft end face are matched, and the edge of the material clamping block is set with an inclined surface for positioning and clamping the workpiece.

[0013] Preferably, a clamping block is provided, such as an arc groove on the circumferential side of the workpiece and an inclined surface in the horizontal direction, so that the clamping block can both clamp the workpiece horizontally and press the workpiece axially.

[0014] The present invention is further configured such that two sets of fixed rods are symmetrically arranged, and two sets of guide blocks are symmetrically arranged on the inner side wall of the equipment compartment, with the two sets of guide blocks corresponding to the two sets of fixed rods of the material tooling.

[0015] Preferably, by setting two sets of fixing rods and two sets of guide blocks in the material tooling, the height adjustment of the connecting frame is made more stable.

[0016] The invention is further configured such that when the fixed rod is slidably lifted at the top of the guide block, the movable ring lifts the workpiece from the bottom of the positioning groove to the edge of the guide slope.

[0017] Preferably, the workpiece is ejected from the positioning groove by a movable ring. If the workpiece is always in the positioning groove, the vertical inner wall of the positioning groove will restrict the workpiece, preventing it from being clipped out by the ejector block. When the height of the workpiece is higher than the lowest point of the guide slope, it means that the workpiece can move horizontally and then move out along the guide slope.

[0018] The present invention is further configured such that the sides of the two sets of support frames are provided with movable shafts and rotatably connected to the equipment compartment, and the movable shaft of one set of support frames is connected to a drive device.

[0019] Preferably, a drive device is provided to rotate the material platform.

[0020] The present invention is further configured such that a cooling oil lubrication device is provided above the material platform, and the cooling oil lubrication device is aligned with the workpiece cutting area.

[0021] Preferably, a cooling oil lubrication device is provided for conveying, spraying, filtering and circulating cooling oil.

[0022] In summary, the present invention has the following main beneficial effects: This invention uses a rotating material platform to allow workpiece loading, unloading, processing, and resting to occur simultaneously, instead of the traditional sequential loading-broaching-resting-removing process in internal gear broaching. This improves the efficiency of workpiece broaching, and workpieces that have completed broaching can be automatically unloaded during the rotation of the material platform, eliminating the hassle of manual material removal, reducing the labor intensity of workers, and ensuring the overall efficiency of internal gear broaching.

[0023] The material table in this invention is a hexagonal rotary table. When the material table is rotated and aligned, the top position corresponds to the broaching station, and the left and right sides correspond to the loading station and the stationary position, respectively. The loading station and the stationary position are in an inclined state, which makes it more convenient and efficient for the operator to load the tooling slots in the inclined state. In addition, after the workpiece is broached, the process of rotating from the broaching station to the stationary position means that the workpiece changes from a vertical angle to an inclined angle. The dynamic change of the workpiece position is more conducive to the drainage of the attached cooling oil. In addition, in the traditional process, after the workpiece is broached, it is left to stand for a short time to drain the cooling oil. However, in this application, the broaching and standing of the workpiece are carried out simultaneously, which not only saves time, but also the workpiece standing time is the same as the workpiece broaching time, which can achieve a longer standing and draining time (the workpiece broaching time is relatively long). Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the equipment compartment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the broach structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of the material platform and positioning mechanism of the present invention; Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the material platform of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the two sets of support frames and long bolts of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the support frame and fixing base of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the material tooling structure of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the material tooling of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the material and mold base fitting together according to the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of the guide block and the top material block of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of the fixing rods and guide blocks when the material platform of the present invention is in a neutral position; Figure 13 This is a demonstration diagram of the rotating material unloading platform of the present invention; Figure 14 For the present invention Figure 13 Enlarged view of point A in the image.

[0025] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Equipment compartment; 2. Upper movable plate; 3. Upper hydraulic cylinder; 4. Upper gripper; 5. Lower movable plate; 6. Lower hydraulic cylinder; 7. Lower gripper; 8. Puller knife; 9. Material platform; 901. Bearing frame; 902. Long bolt; 903. First fitting groove; 904. Positioning hole; 905. Fixed seat; 10. Positioning mechanism; 1001. Moving block; 1002. Telescopic assembly; 1003. Material clamping block; 1004. Positioning rod; 11. Drive device; 12. Material tooling; 1201. Mold base; 1202. Second fitting groove; 1203. Annular groove; 1204. Movable ring; 1205. Guide rod; 1206. Spring; 1207. Connecting frame; 1208. Fixed rod; 1209. Guide slope; 13. Guide block; 14. Top material block. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0027] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described.

[0028] Please see Figures 1-14A gear broaching machine tool includes an equipment compartment 1, an upper movable plate 2, an upper hydraulic cylinder 3, an upper gripper 4, a lower movable plate 5, a lower hydraulic cylinder 6, a lower gripper 7, and a broach 8. The upper hydraulic cylinder 3 is a secondary hydraulic cylinder, and the lower hydraulic cylinder 6 is a primary hydraulic cylinder. The movable plates are all installed using guide rods and slide rails. The gripper can be set as a wedge-type gripper for locking and fixing the slots at both ends of the broach 8, thereby fixing the broach 8. A material platform 9 is provided on the top of the equipment compartment 1, and the material platform 9 is connected to a drive device 11. The drive device 11 includes a drive motor and a transmission. The material table 9 includes two symmetrically distributed support frames 901, with multiple sets of first fitting grooves 903 formed between the two sets of support frames 901. Multiple sets of fixing seats 905 are provided on the sides of the two sets of support frames 901. Each of the fixing seats 905 has a material fixture 12 mounted on its top for fitting the workpiece. The material fixture 12 is custom-made to match the shape of the workpiece to be processed. The material fixture 12 includes a mold base 1201, with a positioning groove on its top that matches the workpiece. The positioning groove is used to clamp the workpiece. Both sides of mold base 1201 are provided with second fitting grooves 1202, which match the first fitting groove 903. A movable ring 1204 is movably mounted on the inner side of mold base 1201 via an annular groove 1203. The movable ring 1204 is used to lift the workpiece. A connecting frame 1207 is mounted at the bottom of the movable ring 1204 via multiple sets of guide rods 1205 and springs 1206. The multiple sets of guide rods 1205 movably pass through the mold base 1201, and the multiple sets of springs 1206 are located at the bottom of the mold base 1201. A fixing rod 1208 is provided at the bottom of the connecting frame 1207, and a guide slope 1209 is provided at the top edge of the mold base 1201. A guide block 13 matching the fixing rod 1208 is provided on the inner side of the equipment compartment 1, and a top material block 14 matching the first fitting groove 903 and the second fitting groove 1202 is provided on one side of the equipment compartment 1. When the material table 9 rotates and the guide block 13 lifts the fixing rod 1208, the movable ring 1204 pushes the workpiece up, and then the workpiece follows the rotation of the material table 9 and is pushed out by the top material block 14 for automatic unloading.

[0029] Please refer to the above embodiments for further details. Figure 5 and Figure 6 The two sets of support frames 901 are assembled and fixed by setting multiple sets of long bolts 902, and multiple sets of positioning holes 904 are opened on the side of the two sets of support frames 901. By setting long bolts 902, the two sets of support frames 901 can be assembled and fixed together.

[0030] Please refer to the above embodiments for further details. Figure 4The top of the equipment compartment 1 is located on both sides of the material platform 9 and is symmetrically provided with two sets of positioning mechanisms 10 via mounting brackets. The positioning mechanism 10 includes a moving block 1001, which is movably installed on the top of the bracket. The side of the moving block 1001 is connected to a telescopic component 1002. The top of the telescopic component 1002 is provided with a material clamping block 1003, and the side of the telescopic component 1002 is provided with two sets of positioning rods 1004. The positioning rods 1004 and the positioning holes 904 are matched. In the prior art, the same type of positioning device is used to clamp the workpiece. In this application, the positioning mechanism 10 is also used to stabilize the material platform 9. While clamping the workpiece, the positioning mechanism 10 uses the positioning rods 1004 and the positioning holes 904 to fit together and achieve the support and stability of the material platform 9.

[0031] Please refer to the above embodiments for further details. Figure 4 The material clamping block 1003 matches the edge of the workpiece's shaft end face, and the edge of the material clamping block 1003 is set with an inclined surface for positioning and clamping the workpiece. The material clamping block 1003 is set with, for example, an arc groove on the circumferential side of the workpiece and an inclined surface in the horizontal direction, so that the material clamping block 1003 can both clamp the workpiece horizontally and clamp the workpiece axially.

[0032] Please refer to the above embodiments for further details. Figure 9 and Figure 11 Two sets of fixed rods 1208 are symmetrically arranged, and two sets of guide blocks 13 are symmetrically arranged on the inner side wall of the equipment compartment 1. The two sets of guide blocks 13 and the two sets of fixed rods 1208 of the material tooling 12 correspond to each other. By setting two sets of fixed rods 1208 and two sets of guide blocks 13 in the material tooling 12, the height adjustment of the connecting frame 1207 is more stable.

[0033] Please refer to the above embodiments for further details. Figure 14 When the fixed rod 1208 is slidably lifted at the top of the guide block 13, the movable ring 1204 lifts the workpiece from the bottom of the positioning groove to the edge of the guide slope 1209. The movable ring 1204 pushes the workpiece out of the positioning groove. If the workpiece is always in the positioning groove, the vertical inner wall of the positioning groove will restrict the workpiece, preventing it from being snapped out by the ejector block 14. When the height of the workpiece is higher than the lowest point of the guide slope 1209, it means that the workpiece can move horizontally and then move out along the guide slope 1209.

[0034] Please refer to the above embodiments for further details. Figure 4 The two sets of support frames 901 are provided with movable shafts on their sides and are rotatably connected to the equipment compartment 1. The movable shaft of one set of support frames 901 is connected to the drive device 11, which is used to drive the material table 9 to rotate.

[0035] Please refer to the above embodiments for further details. Figure 1 A cooling oil lubrication device is installed above the material platform 9, and the cooling oil lubrication device is aligned with the workpiece cutting area. The cooling oil lubrication device is used for conveying, spraying, filtering and circulating cooling oil.

[0036] In practical operation, the operator places the workpiece to be broached in the empty positioning slot of the loading station on one side of the equipment, that is, the side away from the top material block 14. At this time, the material fixture 12 of the loading station is in an inclined state, that is, the positioning slot is in an inclined state, which makes it easier for the operator to clamp the workpiece into the positioning slot.

[0037] Meanwhile, in the broaching station, two sets of telescopic components 1002 push the moving blocks 1001 closer to the material table 9. Then, the positioning rods 1004 on the sides of the two sets of moving blocks 1001 are inserted into the positioning holes 904 to stabilize the material table 9. The two sets of material clamping blocks 1003 move closer to each other, pressing and clamping the workpiece axially and radially. Then, the upper gripper 4 clamps the shank of the broach 8, and the upper hydraulic cylinder 3 drives the upper movable plate 2 downwards, pushing the broach 8 through the pre-drilled hole in the workpiece at the broaching station. Subsequently, the lower gripper 7 clamps the bottom of the broach 8. The hydraulic cylinder 6 drives the lower movable plate 5 to move downwards, causing the lower gripper 7 to drag the broach 8. Meanwhile, the upper gripper 4 releases its fixation on the broach 8 shank. The lower gripper 7 then continues to pull the broach 8, allowing it to pass completely through the pre-drilled hole in the workpiece, thus performing internal gear broaching on the workpiece. At the same time, the cooling oil device is activated in advance, spraying cooling oil onto the workpiece cutting area for lubrication, heat dissipation, and washing away metal chips. After the workpiece broaching is completed, the lower gripper 7 moves upwards to push the broach 8 back to its original position, and then the upper gripper 4 clamps the broach 8 and raises it to its initial position. In the stationary position, the broached workpiece is drained of cooling oil, and the dripping cooling oil is recycled to participate in the circulation.

[0038] During the dynamic rotation of the material table 9, when a set of workpieces is broached, the material table 9 is driven by the drive device 11 to rotate as a whole, so that the workpieces in the loading station are transferred to the broaching station. When the workpieces in the stationary station are transferred to the broaching station, the fixing rod 1208 of the material fixture 12 in the stationary station makes a circular motion and slides along the top of the guide block 13, thereby lifting the fixing rod 1208. Then the connecting frame 1207 compresses the spring 1206 to push the movable ring 1204 to rise. The rise of the movable ring 1204 causes the workpiece in the positioning groove to rise above the lowest point of the guide inclined surface 1209. With the rotation of the entire device, that is, the workpiece in the positioning groove is lifted while rotating, and finally is pushed out of the positioning groove by the ejector block 14 in a snapping manner, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 14 The state shown indicates that the workpiece is automatically unloaded during the rotation of the material table 9.

[0039] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, these specific embodiments are merely explanations of the invention and are not intended to limit it. The specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make modifications, substitutions, and variations to the embodiments as needed without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, but such modifications, substitutions, and variations are protected by patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gear broaching machine tool, comprising an equipment compartment (1), an upper movable plate (2), an upper hydraulic cylinder (3), an upper gripper (4), a lower movable plate (5), a lower hydraulic cylinder (6), a lower gripper (7), and a broach (8), characterized in that: The top of the equipment compartment (1) is provided with a material platform (9), which is connected to a drive device (11). The material platform (9) includes two sets of symmetrically distributed support frames (901), and multiple sets of first fitting grooves (903) are opened between the two sets of support frames (901). Multiple sets of fixing seats (905) are provided on the sides of the two sets of support frames (901). The top of the multiple sets of fixing seats (905) is equipped with a material tooling (12) for fitting the workpiece. The material tooling (12) includes a mold base (1201). The top of the mold base (1201) is provided with a positioning groove that matches the workpiece. The mold base (1201) has second fitting grooves (1202) on both sides. The second fitting grooves (1202) match the first fitting grooves (903). The inner side of the mold base (1201) is movably installed with a movable ring (1204) through an annular groove (1203). The bottom of the movable ring (1204) is... A connecting frame (1207) is installed by setting multiple sets of guide rods (1205) and springs (1206). Multiple sets of guide rods (1205) and mold base (1201) are movably connected and connected. Multiple sets of springs (1206) are located at the bottom of mold base (1201). A fixing rod (1208) is set at the bottom of the connecting frame (1207). The top edge of mold base (1201) is set as a guide slope (1209). A guide block (13) matching the fixing rod (1208) is set on the inner side of the equipment compartment (1). A top material block (14) matching the first fitting groove (903) and the second fitting groove (1202) is set on one side of the equipment compartment (1). When the material table (9) rotates and the guide block (13) lifts the fixing rod (1208), the movable ring (1204) pushes the workpiece up. Then the workpiece follows the rotation of the material table (9) and is pushed out by the top material block (14) for automatic unloading.

2. The gear broaching machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two sets of support frames (901) are assembled and fixed by setting multiple sets of long bolts (902), and multiple sets of positioning holes (904) are opened on the side of the two sets of support frames (901).

3. The gear broaching machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top of the equipment compartment (1) is located on both sides of the material platform (9) and two sets of positioning mechanisms (10) are symmetrically arranged by mounting brackets. The positioning mechanism (10) includes a moving block (1001), which is movably installed on the top of the bracket. The side of the moving block (1001) is connected to a telescopic component (1002). The top of the telescopic component (1002) is provided with a material clamping block (1003), and the side of the telescopic component (1002) is provided with two sets of positioning rods (1004). The positioning rods (1004) and the positioning holes (904) are matched.

4. The gear broaching machine tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: The material clamping block (1003) matches the edge of the workpiece's shaft end face, and the edge of the material clamping block (1003) is set with an inclined surface for positioning and clamping the workpiece.

5. A gear broaching machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two sets of fixed rods (1208) are symmetrically arranged, and two sets of guide blocks (13) are symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the equipment compartment (1). The two sets of guide blocks (13) and the two sets of fixed rods (1208) of the material tooling (12) correspond to each other.

6. A gear broaching machine tool according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the fixed rod (1208) is slid up on top of the guide block (13), the movable ring (1204) lifts the workpiece from the bottom of the positioning groove to the edge of the guide slope (1209).

7. A gear broaching machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two sets of support frames (901) are provided with movable shafts on their sides and are rotatably connected to the equipment compartment (1), and the movable shaft of one set of support frames (901) is connected to the drive device (11).

8. A gear broaching machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cooling oil lubrication device is provided above the material platform (9), and the cooling oil lubrication device is aligned with the workpiece cutting area.

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