A feeding machine for concrete processing

Abstract

The application discloses a feeding machine for concrete processing and relates to the technical field of concrete. The feeding machine comprises a feeding mechanism, a feeding pipe and a discharging pipe. The feeding pipe and the discharging pipe are connected with the feeding end and the discharging end of the feeding mechanism respectively. The material is conveyed from the feeding pipe into the feeding mechanism and discharged from the discharging pipe. The feeding pipe and the discharging pipe are both composed of air film drag reduction mechanisms. The air film drag reduction mechanisms are used for reducing the flow friction between the material and the feeding pipe and the discharging pipe, so that the material can flow more smoothly into the feeding mechanism and be discharged from the feeding mechanism. The feeding pipe and the discharging pipe are both provided with the pipe body with the air film drag reduction function. The three-section microporous sintered plates with the air permeation aperture gradually increasing in the material flow direction are arranged in the pipe body. The independent air cavities and the independently adjustable air supply assemblies are matched. The accurate matching between the air film drag reduction and the change of the material along the flow state is realized. The overall conveying friction is greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of concrete technology, specifically to a concrete feeding machine. Background Technology

[0002] During concrete processing, materials such as sand and gravel need to be transported from the storage area to the mixing host. Therefore, a feeding machine is required to transport the materials. Generally, the feeding machine uses inclined chute to transport materials by gravity or screw conveyor. Regardless of the method, there is a large frictional resistance between the material and the inner wall of the feeding machine. When the material has a high powder content and fluctuating moisture content, it is easy to accumulate and arch inside the feed pipe, and further accumulate and block at the inlet of the discharge pipe, resulting in a reduction in the efficiency of feeding and unloading.

[0003] In the field of concrete and related powder and granular material conveying, the existing technology uses pneumatic flow-assisted solutions to solve the above problems. For example, an air-permeable layer is set on the inner wall of the conveying pipe or conveying trough. Compressed air is introduced into the air cavity between the air-permeable layer and the pipe wall, so that the gas seeps out through the micropores of the air-permeable layer and forms an air film between the pipe wall and the material, so that the material is in a semi-suspended state, thereby significantly reducing the friction coefficient, reducing the occurrence of material blockage, and improving the conveying efficiency.

[0004] However, when the above-mentioned pneumatic flow-assisted solution is directly applied to the feeding machine used for concrete processing, the following problems will occur: First, the existing permeable layer mostly adopts microporous plates with uniform pore size and is uniformly supplied with air by a single air chamber. However, the concrete material is compacted and has a low flow rate due to the downward pressure of the inlet material in the feed pipe. By the time the material is conveyed to the discharge pipe, it has been accelerated and the material layer has become thinner. The requirements for air film stiffness and air volume are significantly different. Uniform air supply cannot match this dynamic change, resulting in insufficient air film stiffness at the feed end and still high friction, while the air film is prone to rupture or dust escape at the discharge end. Second, fine powder and moisture mixed in the material can easily penetrate and block the micropores. Existing cleaning methods require stopping the machine for cleaning or needing to invade the material channel to set up a back-blowing structure, which will interfere with the normal material conveying and destroy the stability of the formed air film. It is difficult to effectively restore the microporous permeability without interrupting production. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a concrete feeding machine to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A concrete processing feeder includes a feeding mechanism having an inlet end and an outlet end; an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe connected to the inlet end and outlet end of the feeding mechanism, respectively; material enters the feeding mechanism through the inlet pipe and is conveyed to the outlet pipe for discharge; both the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe are composed of an air film drag reduction mechanism, which is used to reduce the flow friction between the material and the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe, so as to facilitate smoother material entry into and discharge from the feeding mechanism; The air-film drag reduction mechanism includes a tube body, a three-section microporous sintered plate, and an air supply assembly. The tube body is fixed to the outside of the feeding mechanism. The three-section microporous sintered plate is set inside the tube body, forming three sealed and independent air chambers with the inner wall of the tube body. A conveying channel is formed inside the three-section microporous sintered plate, and the air chambers are connected to the conveying channel. The air supply assembly is set outside the feeding mechanism. The air supply assembly is used to supply air into the air chambers and blow the airflow towards the three-section microporous sintered plate and seep out from its inner wall to prevent the concrete from adhering to the inner wall of the three-section microporous sintered plate. A cleaning structure is set at the top and bottom of each air chamber. The cleaning structure is connected to the exhaust end of the air supply assembly, so that the airflow is sprayed out through the cleaning structure to clean the microporous sintered plate.

[0007] Furthermore, the feeding mechanism includes a feeding bin, a motor, a screw conveyor blade, and a cover plate. The motor is fixed to the outer surface of one side of the feeding bin by bolts. The screw conveyor blade is rotatably connected to the inside of the feeding bin, and one end of the central shaft of the screw conveyor blade is connected to the output end of the motor. The central shaft of the screw conveyor blade is fixed with equally spaced, ring-shaped dispersing blades near the motor. The cover plate is fixed to the top surface of the feeding bin by bolts. The feed end is located on the top surface of the cover plate away from the motor, and the discharge end is located on the bottom surface of the feeding bin near the motor.

[0008] Furthermore, both tubes include a sealing cover and a sleeve. The two sealing covers are connected to the feed end and the discharge end respectively by bolts. The sealing cover has a round opening on its outer surface away from the feeding mechanism. The sleeve is fixed inside the round opening, and two sealing spacers are installed on the inner wall of the sleeve.

[0009] Furthermore, a pressure relief port is provided on one side of the outer surface of the sealing cover at the feed end, and a vacuum pressure relief valve is installed inside the pressure relief port. A guide groove is engaged inside the sealing cover at the discharge end.

[0010] Furthermore, a connecting plate is installed at one end of the three-section microporous sintered plate near the sealing cover, and the connecting plate is fixedly connected to the sealing cover by bolts. The pore size of the three-section microporous sintered plate increases sequentially along the material flow direction, and the pore size of the first section of the three-section microporous sintered plate is -mm, the pore size of the middle section of the three-section microporous sintered plate is -mm, and the pore size of the last section of the three-section microporous sintered plate is -mm.

[0011] Furthermore, the air supply assembly includes an air pump, a main air pipe, and two branch pipes. The air pump is fixed to one side of the sealing cover by bolts. The air outlet of the air pump is connected to the main air pipe. The main air pipe has three equally spaced air supply ports on its outer surface. The inner wall of the air supply ports is fixedly connected to an air supply pipe, and the air supply pipe is connected to the air chamber. An electromagnetic switch valve and a flow control valve are installed sequentially on the outer surface of the air supply pipe.

[0012] Furthermore, the two branch pipes are symmetrically fixed to the outer surface of the sealing cover, and each branch pipe has three equally spaced connection ports on its outer surface. The two sets of connection ports are staggered, and a connecting pipe is installed inside the connection port. One set of connecting pipes is connected to the cleaning structure at the top of the three air chambers, and the other set of connecting pipes is connected to the cleaning structure at the bottom of the three air chambers. The top outer surface of each branch pipe has an opening, and the inner wall of each opening is equipped with an arc-shaped pipe. Both arc-shaped pipes are connected to the main air pipe, and an electromagnetic pulse valve is installed on the outer surface of each arc-shaped pipe.

[0013] Furthermore, the cleaning structure includes an annular box, which is fixed to the inner wall of the sleeve. The inner surface of the annular box is inclined, and the inner surface of the annular box has equally spaced nozzles, with air nozzles installed inside the nozzles.

[0014] Furthermore, a buffer assembly with an oblique distribution is provided below the discharge pipe. The buffer assembly includes a buffer hopper, an intercepting frame installed on the top outer surface of the buffer hopper, and an intercepting plate installed on one side of the top outer surface of the intercepting frame. A stepped platform is installed on the bottom inner wall of the buffer hopper, and a guide plate is installed on the inner wall of the buffer hopper above the stepped platform. The material enters the buffer assembly through the discharge pipe. The intercepting frame and the intercepting plate intercept the material. The material falls into the stepped platform through the guide plate. The material gradually fills the steps of the stepped platform and falls after forming a buffer layer of material grinding under the action of gravity.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention sets both the feed pipe and the discharge pipe as pipes with gas film drag reduction function, and sets a three-section microporous sintered plate with gradually increasing air permeability along the material flow direction inside it. Combined with independent air chambers in each section and independently adjustable air supply components, it achieves precise matching between the drag-reducing gas film and the material's state changes along the process, greatly reducing overall conveying friction and significantly improving both feeding and discharging efficiency.

[0016] Meanwhile, by setting up a cleaning structure consisting of annular boxes and inclined jet nozzles at the top and bottom of the air chamber, and connecting it to the pulse air supply end of the air supply component, during cleaning, the pulse airflow forms a sweeping jet through the inclined jet nozzles, directly acting on the outer wall of the microporous sintered plate, causing the micropores to vibrate microscopically and form a high-speed sweeping airflow, which peels off the fine powder and moisture that have penetrated or adhered to the orifice and blows them back into the material channel. Since the entire cleaning structure is located inside the air chamber, there is no need to set up any components in the material conveying channel, and it will not interfere with the normal conveying of materials. In addition, the staggered pulse working mode of the top and bottom cleaning structures of the air chamber allows the unblocking airflow to sweep the surface of the microporous plate in turn, resulting in more comprehensive and thorough unblocking coverage, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the air film drag reduction mechanism, and significantly reducing the frequency of downtime maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the feeding structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the air flotation drag reduction mechanism at the feed end of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the air flotation drag reduction mechanism of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cleaning structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the air flotation drag reduction mechanism at the discharge end of the present invention. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the buffer component of the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Feeding mechanism; 101. Feeding bin; 102. Spiral conveyor blade; 103. Dispersing blade; 104. Motor; 105. Cover plate; 2. Buffer assembly; 201. Buffer hopper; 202. Stepped platform; 203. Interception frame; 204. Interception plate; 205. Drainage plate; 3. Air film drag reduction mechanism; 301. Sealing cover; 302. Pipe sleeve; 303. Connecting plate; 304. Three-section microporous sintered plate; 305. Annular box; 306. Air nozzle; 307. Air pump; 308. Main air pipe; 309. Air supply pipe; 310. Flow control valve; 311. Branch pipe; 312. Arc pipe; 313. Electromagnetic pulse valve; 314. Connecting pipe; 4. Guide groove; 5. Vacuum pressure relief valve. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] In existing concrete mixing plants, inclined chutes or screw conveyors are used to feed sand and gravel aggregates. However, when the aggregates have high powder content and large fluctuations in moisture content, the feed pipe is prone to bridging and the discharge pipe is prone to blockage. This invention provides a concrete feeding machine that can be used for feeding and discharging aggregates from the storage area to the mixing host. It enables both the feed and discharge pipes to have a friction-reducing air film that matches the flow path and an online self-cleaning function. Simply connect the feed and discharge pipes to the inlet and outlet ends of the feeding mechanism respectively, and start the air pump to establish an air film to achieve low-friction conveying of materials in a near-suspended state. Before using this equipment, the upper end of the feed pipe needs to be connected to the storage hopper or the outlet of the feeder, and the power supply and air circuit of the air pump need to be connected. For example, after a mixing plant replaced the original inclined chute with this equipment, the bridging phenomenon at the feed end was eliminated, the flow rate at the discharge end was stable, the batch feeding time was shortened, and there was no need to frequently stop the machine to clean the micropore blockage, achieving continuous and efficient feeding.

[0021] like Figures 1-7 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: a concrete processing feeder, including a feeding mechanism 1, which has an inlet end and an outlet end; an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe, which are respectively connected to the inlet end and the outlet end of the feeding mechanism 1; the material enters the feeding mechanism 1 from the inlet pipe and is conveyed to the outlet pipe for discharge; both the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe are composed of an air film drag reduction mechanism 3, which is used to reduce the flow friction between the material and the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe, so as to facilitate the material to enter the feeding mechanism 1 and be discharged from the feeding mechanism 1 more smoothly; It is important to note that the core concept of this invention lies in directly setting the feed pipe and discharge pipe themselves as gas film drag reduction mechanisms, rather than attaching a gas film layer to a local inner wall of a traditional pipe. The entire feed pipe and discharge pipe are an integrated functional pipe body that integrates a microporous sintered plate, a gas chamber, and a cleaning structure. This design ensures that the material is always subject to the drag reduction effect of the gas film during the process of feeding and discharging through the feed pipe and discharge pipe. Moreover, the gas chamber is located inside the pipe body, resulting in a compact structure. There is no need to add a separate gas chamber component to the outside of the original pipe. During installation, the original feed pipe and discharge pipe can be directly replaced, resulting in low modification costs and strong adaptability.

[0022] like Figure 3 and Figure 4The gas film drag reduction mechanism 3 includes a tube body, a three-section microporous sintered plate 304, and an air supply component. The tube body is fixed to the outer surface of the feeding mechanism 1. The three-section microporous sintered plate 304 is disposed inside the tube body, forming three sealed and independent air chambers with the inner wall of the tube body. A conveying channel is formed inside the three-section microporous sintered plate 304, and the air chambers are connected to the conveying channel. The air supply component is disposed outside the feeding mechanism 1. The air supply component is used to supply air into the air chambers and blow the airflow toward the three-section microporous sintered plate 304 and seep out from its inner wall to prevent the concrete from adhering to the inner wall of the three-section microporous sintered plate 304. A cleaning structure is provided at the top and bottom of each air chamber. The cleaning structure is connected to the exhaust end of the air supply component, so that the airflow is sprayed out through the cleaning structure to clean the microporous sintered plate 304.

[0023] It is important to note that the three-section microporous sintered plate 304 is integrally sintered using powder metallurgy technology. Its interior has countless interconnected three-dimensional network micropores. The tortuous pore structure allows the airflow to be fully rectified and dispersed during seepage, forming a uniform and dense air film. At the same time, it can effectively prevent fine powder and moisture in the material from flowing back into the air chamber when the air pump stops unexpectedly. In addition, the three air chambers are isolated by sealing rings, which is the structural basis for achieving independent differential pressure air supply to each section. The cleaning structure is completely set inside the air chamber and does not intrude into the material conveying channel. During cleaning, pulsed airflow is sprayed outward from the side of the air chamber, causing the microporous sintered plate to generate microscopic vibrations and peel off the blockages, achieving online self-cleaning without interfering with the material conveying.

[0024] like Figure 2 As shown, the feeding mechanism 1 includes a feeding bin 101, a motor 104, a screw conveyor blade 102, and a cover plate 105. The motor 104 is fixed to the outer surface of one side of the feeding bin 101 by bolts. The screw conveyor blade 102 is rotatably connected to the inside of the feeding bin 101, and one end of the central shaft of the screw conveyor blade 102 is connected to the output end of the motor 104. The central shaft of the screw conveyor blade 102 is fixed with equidistant, ring-shaped dispersing blades 103 near the motor 104. The cover plate 105 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the feeding bin 101 by bolts. The feeding end is opened on the top surface of the cover plate 105 away from the motor 104, and the discharging end is opened on the bottom surface of the feeding bin 101 near the motor 104.

[0025] It should be noted that the dispersing blade 103 is positioned close to the motor 104, i.e., close to the discharge end. When the material enters the feeding hopper 101 through the feed pipe, it is first propelled forward by the screw conveyor blade 102. When it approaches the discharge end, the high-speed rotating dispersing blade 103 performs the final dispersing, ensuring that the discharged material is in a loose state. This loose state is conducive to the material making full contact with the air film in the discharge pipe, maximizing the drag reduction effect. If the material has been compacted or clumped in the feeding hopper, even if the discharge pipe is equipped with an air film, it is difficult to effectively lift it. The setting of the dispersing blade effectively solves this problem. In addition, the feeding mechanism 1 is not limited to the screw conveyor form; belt conveyor or chute conveyor can also be used, as long as the material can be transported from the feeding end to the discharge end.

[0026] like Figure 4 As shown, both tubes include a sealing cover 301 and a sleeve 302. The two sealing covers 301 are connected to the feed end and the discharge end respectively by bolts. The outer surface of the sealing cover 301 away from the feeding mechanism 1 has a round opening. The sleeve 302 is fixed inside the round opening, and two sealing rings 304 are installed on the inner wall of the sleeve 302.

[0027] It should be noted that the installation positions of the two sealing spacers 304 on the inner wall of the sleeve 302 correspond to the junction of the first and middle sections and the junction of the middle and last sections of the three-section microporous sintered plate 304, respectively. The inner edge of the sealing spacer 304 is tightly fitted with the outer wall of the microporous sintered plate 304, thereby achieving reliable isolation of the three gas chambers. The sealing spacers 304 are preferably made of oil-resistant rubber material, which can maintain a seal when the gas chamber pressure changes and can also adapt to the slight deformation of the microporous sintered plate caused by temperature changes.

[0028] like Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, a pressure relief port is provided on one side of the outer surface of the sealing cover 301 at the feed end, and a vacuum pressure relief valve 5 is installed inside the pressure relief port. A guide groove 4 is snapped into the inside of the sealing cover 301 at the discharge end.

[0029] It should be noted that the set pressure of the vacuum pressure relief valve 5 should be higher than the highest working pressure in the gas chamber when the gas supply component is working normally, but lower than the pressure bearing limit of the pipe body and sealing structure. When the pressure in the gas chamber rises abnormally during pulse cleaning, the vacuum pressure relief valve 5 will automatically open to release pressure, protecting the microporous sintering plate 304 and the sealing structure from damage. At the same time, when the equipment stops and the gas pump stops supplying gas, and a negative pressure is formed in the gas chamber, the valve can also automatically open to balance the pressure, preventing external materials from being sucked into the gas chamber by the negative pressure. The snap-fit ​​position of the guide groove 4 in the outlet sealing cover 301 can be adjusted according to the inlet position of the downstream equipment. The outlet direction of the guide groove 4 is consistent with the falling direction of the material, so that the material falls into the buffer component in a concentrated manner, avoiding material splashing and scattering.

[0030] like Figure 4As shown, a connecting plate 303 is installed at one end of the three-section microporous sintered plate 304 near the sealing cover 301, and the connecting plate 303 is fixedly connected to the sealing cover 301 by bolts. The pore size of the three-section microporous sintered plate 304 increases sequentially along the material flow direction. The pore size of the first section of the three-section microporous sintered plate 304 is 10-30 mm, the pore size of the middle section of the three-section microporous sintered plate 304 is 30-60 mm, and the pore size of the last section of the three-section microporous sintered plate 304 is 60-100 mm.

[0031] It should be noted that the above pore size values ​​refer to the average permeable pore size measured by the bubble method or mercury intrusion porosimetry. The specific selection of the three pore sizes should be adjusted according to the actual aggregate particle size and powder content being transported. For fine aggregates or materials with high powder content, it is recommended to select a smaller pore size of 10-20μm for the first section to prevent fine powder from penetrating deep into the micropores. For materials that are mainly coarse aggregates with low powder content, the first section can be selected as 20-30μm, and the middle and last sections should also be selected at the upper limit to obtain a larger air permeability. The connecting plate 303 not only serves to fix the microporous sintering plate, but also forms a seal between the end of the microporous sintering plate and the sealing cover to prevent airflow from leaking from the end and ensure that all airflow seeps out through the micropores to form an effective air film. When the microporous sintering plate 304 fails or is severely worn, the connecting plate bolts can be loosened for individual replacement, resulting in low maintenance costs.

[0032] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the air supply assembly includes an air pump 307, a main air pipe 308, and two branch pipes 311. The air pump 307 is fixed to one side of the sealing cover 301 by bolts. The air outlet of the air pump 307 is connected to the main air pipe 308. The main air pipe 308 has three air supply ports that are evenly distributed on its outer surface. An air supply pipe 309 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the air supply port and communicates with the air chamber. An electromagnetic switch valve and a flow control valve 310 are installed on the outer surface of the air supply pipe 309 in sequence.

[0033] It is important to note that the installation sequence of the solenoid valve and flow control valve 310 on the air supply pipe 309 is as follows: along the airflow direction, the solenoid valve is installed first, followed by the flow control valve 310. The solenoid valve is used to perform the "close the forward air supply" action during the cleaning process. The flow control valve installed subsequently regulates the flow rate during normal delivery. After the solenoid valve is closed, the set value of the flow control valve 310 remains unchanged and does not need to be readjusted when it is opened next time. The flow control valve 310 is preferably a throttle valve or a speed regulating valve, but a solenoid proportional valve can also be used to simultaneously achieve flow regulation and on / off control functions, simplifying the pipeline. The equidistant distribution of the three air supply ports ensures that the lengths of each air supply branch are similar and the air path resistance is balanced. like Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, two branch pipes 311 are symmetrically fixed to the outer surface of the sealing cover 301, and each branch pipe 311 has three equally spaced connection ports on its outer surface. The two sets of connection ports are staggered. A connection pipe 314 is installed inside the connection port. One set of connection pipes 314 is connected to the cleaning structure at the top of the three air chambers, and the other set of connection pipes 314 is connected to the cleaning structure at the bottom of the three air chambers. The top outer surface of each branch pipe 311 has an opening, and an arc-shaped pipe 312 is installed on the inner wall of each opening. Both arc-shaped pipes 312 are connected to the main air pipe 308, and an electromagnetic pulse valve 313 is installed on the outer surface of each arc-shaped pipe 312.

[0034] It should be noted that the purpose of the staggered distribution of the two sets of connection ports is to allow the cleaning structure at the top or bottom of the air chamber to be opened alternately. The two electromagnetic pulse valves 313 are controlled by the control unit to achieve alternating pulse jetting of the top and bottom cleaning structures. During pulse cleaning, the forward air supply must be shut off first through the electromagnetic switch valve, and then the electromagnetic pulse valve 313 must be started for cleaning. After cleaning, the electromagnetic pulse valve 313 must be shut off first, and then the electromagnetic switch valve must be opened to restore the air supply. This ensures that the forward air supply and pulse cleaning do not interfere with each other. The pulse width and pulse interval of the electromagnetic pulse valve 313 can be adjusted according to the degree of material blockage. The preferred pulse width is 0.1-0.5 seconds and the pulse interval is 1-3 seconds.

[0035] like Figure 5 As shown, the cleaning structure includes an annular box 305, which is fixed to the inner wall of the sleeve 302. The inner surface of the annular box 305 is inclined, and the inner surface of the annular box 305 is provided with equally spaced nozzles. Air nozzles 306 are installed inside the nozzles.

[0036] It should be noted that the inner surface of the annular box 305 is inclined, meaning that the side facing the microporous sintered plate 304 is inclined, with the preferred inclination angle being 30° to 60°. This inclined design allows the pulsed airflow ejected from the nozzle 306 to act on the outer wall of the microporous sintered plate 304 in an oblique sweeping manner. Compared with vertical blowing, the oblique airflow can form a larger sweeping coverage area along the plate surface. The nozzle 306 can be made of ceramic material, which is wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant. Furthermore, the nozzle 306 is connected to the nozzle by a threaded connection or snap-fit, making it easy to replace individually.

[0037] like Figure 1 and Figure 7As shown, a buffer assembly 2 is arranged obliquely below the discharge pipe. The buffer assembly 2 includes a buffer hopper 201. An intercepting frame 203 is installed on the top outer surface of the buffer hopper 201, and an intercepting plate 204 is installed on one side of the top outer surface of the intercepting frame 203. A stepped platform 202 is installed on the bottom inner wall of the buffer hopper 201, and a guide plate 205 is installed on the inner wall of the buffer hopper 201 above the stepped platform 202. The material enters the buffer assembly 2 through the discharge pipe. The intercepting frame 203 and the intercepting plate 204 intercept the material. The material falls into the stepped platform 202 through the guide plate 205. The material gradually fills the steps of the stepped platform 202 and falls after forming a buffer layer of material grinding under the action of gravity.

[0038] It should be noted that the inclined distribution of the buffer component 2 means that the buffer hopper 201 is arranged at an angle, and its inclination direction is consistent with the material outflow direction of the discharge pipe, so as to reduce the kinetic energy loss when the material changes direction. The height of each step of the stepped platform 202 decreases from high to low, with the first step closest to the feed side being the highest to form a thicker material-grinding buffer layer. The height of subsequent steps gradually decreases, causing the material speed to gradually decrease as it falls. In the initial stage of operation, the first batch of material fills each step of the stepped platform 202 and forms a fixed material layer. Subsequent continuously conveyed material will fall on this fixed material layer, using the material itself as a wear-resistant lining to effectively extend the service life of the buffer hopper 201. At the same time, it avoids the metal hopper wall from crushing and segregating the aggregate. The interception frame 203 and the interception plate 204 together form a semi-enclosed interception space to initially decelerate the material ejected at high speed from the discharge pipe. Then, the guide plate 205 guides the material to the stepped platform 202. The three work together to complete the complete deceleration process of "interception and deceleration - guidance and direction change - material-grinding buffer". Excessive discharge speed will damage subsequent equipment.

[0039] Working principle: Before feeding, after starting the air pump 307, compressed air enters the three independent air chambers formed by the sleeve 302 and the three-section microporous sintered plate 304 through the main air pipe 308 and the air supply pipe 309. The electromagnetic switch valve and the flow control valve 310 control the on / off state and air volume of each section respectively. The airflow seeps out through the micropores with progressively larger apertures, forming a drag-reducing air film on the inner wall of the conveying channel that matches the density and speed changes of the material along the path. The motor 104 drives the spiral conveyor blade 102 and the dispersing blade 103 to rotate. The material enters the feeding hopper 101 in a near-suspended state from the feed pipe. After being conveyed and dispersed, it is discharged from the discharge pipe and falls into the buffer group through the guide trough 4. Item 2, after being decelerated by the interception frame 203 and the interception plate 204 and guided by the diversion plate 205, falls after forming a material abrasion buffer layer on the stepped platform 202. During the batch-interval pulse cleaning, the electromagnetic switch valve on the air supply pipe 309 is first closed to stop the forward air supply. Then, the two electromagnetic pulse valves 313 are alternately opened and closed to allow the high-pressure airflow to enter the annular box 305 in the air chamber through the arc pipe 312, the branch pipe 311, and the connecting pipe 314. It is then sprayed out from the inclined jet nozzle 306 to perform a top-and-bottom alternating sweeping cleaning of the outer wall of the microporous sintered plate 304. After the cleaning is completed, the air supply is restored to rebuild the air film, and it can be put into the next batch of conveying.

[0040] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended embodiments and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A concrete feeding machine, characterized in that: include, The feeding mechanism (1) has a feeding end and a discharging end; The feed pipe and the discharge pipe are respectively connected to the feed end and the discharge end of the feeding mechanism (1). The material enters the feeding mechanism (1) from the feed pipe and is conveyed to the discharge pipe for discharge. Both the feed pipe and the discharge pipe are composed of an air film drag reduction mechanism (3). The air film drag reduction mechanism (3) is used to reduce the flow friction between the material and the feed pipe and the discharge pipe, so that the material can enter the feeding mechanism (1) and be discharged from the feeding mechanism (1) more smoothly. The air film drag reduction mechanism (3) includes a tube body, a three-section microporous sintered plate (304), and an air supply component. The tube body is fixed to the outside of the feeding mechanism (1). The three-section microporous sintered plate (304) is set inside the tube body and forms three sealed independent air chambers with the inner wall of the tube body. A conveying channel is formed inside the three-section microporous sintered plate (304), and the air chambers are connected to the conveying channel. The air supply component is set outside the feeding mechanism (1). The air supply component is used to supply air into the air chamber and blow the airflow toward the three-section microporous sintered plate (304) and seep out from its inner wall to prevent the concrete from sticking to the inner wall of the three-section microporous sintered plate (304). A cleaning structure is set at the top and bottom of each air chamber. The cleaning structure is connected to the exhaust end of the air supply component so that the airflow is sprayed out through the cleaning structure to clean the microporous sintered plate (304).

2. The concrete feeding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding mechanism (1) includes, The assembly includes a feeding hopper (101), a motor (104), a spiral conveyor blade (102), and a cover plate (105). The motor (104) is fixed to the outer surface of the feeding hopper (101) by bolts. The spiral conveyor blade (102) is rotatably connected to the inside of the feeding hopper (101), and one end of the central shaft of the spiral conveyor blade (102) is connected to the output end of the motor (104). The central shaft of the spiral conveyor blade (102) is fixed with equidistant, ring-shaped dispersing blades (103) near the motor (104). The cover plate (105) is fixedly connected to the top surface of the feeding hopper (101) by bolts. The feed end is located on the top surface of the cover plate (105) away from the motor (104), and the discharge end is located on the bottom surface of the feeding hopper (101) near the motor (104).

3. The concrete feeding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both of the tubes include, The sealing cover (301) and the sleeve (302) are connected to the feed end and the discharge end respectively by bolts. The sealing cover (301) has a round opening on its outer surface away from the feeding mechanism (1). The sleeve (302) is fixed inside the round opening, and two sealing spacers (304) are installed on the inner wall of the sleeve (302).

4. A concrete feeding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing cover (301) at the feed end has a pressure relief port on one side of its outer surface, and a vacuum pressure relief valve (5) is installed inside the pressure relief port. The sealing cover (301) at the discharge end has a guide groove (4) inside it.

5. A concrete feeding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-section microporous sintered plate (304) has a connecting plate (303) installed at one end near the sealing cover (301), and the connecting plate (303) is fixedly connected to the sealing cover (301) by bolts. The pore size of the three-section microporous sintered plate (304) increases sequentially along the material flow direction. The pore size of the first section of the three-section microporous sintered plate (304) is 10-30 mm, the pore size of the middle section of the three-section microporous sintered plate (304) is 30-60 mm, and the pore size of the last section of the three-section microporous sintered plate (304) is 60-100 mm.

6. A concrete feeding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas supply assembly includes, The system includes an air pump (307), a main air pipe (308), and two branch pipes (311). The air pump (307) is fixed to one side of the sealing cover (301) by bolts. The air outlet of the air pump (307) is connected to the main air pipe (308). The main air pipe (308) has three air supply ports that are evenly distributed on its outer surface. An air supply pipe (309) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the air supply port and communicates with the air chamber. An electromagnetic switch valve and a flow control valve (310) are installed on the outer surface of the air supply pipe (309) in sequence.

7. A concrete feeding machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: Two branch pipes (311) are symmetrically fixed to the outer surface of the sealing cover (301), and each branch pipe (311) has three equally spaced connection ports on its outer surface. The two sets of connection ports are staggered. A connection pipe (314) is installed inside the connection port. One set of the connection pipes (314) is connected to the cleaning structure at the top of the three air chambers, and the other set of the connection pipes (314) is connected to the cleaning structure at the bottom of the three air chambers. Each branch pipe (311) has an opening on its top outer surface, and an arc-shaped pipe (312) is installed on the inner wall of each opening. Both arc-shaped pipes (312) are connected to the main air pipe (308), and an electromagnetic pulse valve (313) is installed on the outer surface of each arc-shaped pipe (312).

8. A concrete feeding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cleanup structure includes, The annular box (305) is fixed to the inner wall of the sleeve (302). The inner surface of the annular box (305) is inclined, and the inner surface of the annular box (305) is provided with equally spaced nozzles. The nozzles are equipped with air jet nozzles (306).

9. A concrete feeding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A buffer assembly (2) is provided below the discharge pipe in an obliquely distributed manner. The buffer assembly (2) includes, The buffer hopper (201) has an interception frame (203) installed on its top surface and an interception plate (204) installed on one side of the top surface of the interception frame (203). The bottom inner wall of the buffer hopper (201) has a stepped platform (202) installed, and the inner wall of the buffer hopper (201) above the stepped platform (202) has a diversion plate (205) installed. The material enters the buffer assembly (2) through the discharge pipe. The interception frame (203) and the interception plate (204) intercept the material. The material falls into the stepped platform (202) through the diversion plate (205). The material gradually fills the steps of the stepped platform (202) and falls after forming a buffer layer of material grinding under the action of gravity.

Images