Intelligent pneumatic warehouse cleaning device

Abstract

This invention discloses an intelligent pneumatic cleaning device, comprising a hopper, a bottom discharge pipe, and a discharge valve. The discharge pipe is equipped with an annular pneumatic nozzle, whose inner wall has an annular array of upward-facing nozzles A and downward-facing nozzles B, used for simultaneously breaking up arches and clearing blockages. The nozzle is equipped with a sealing assembly consisting of a drive ring and a sealing plate, which can tightly seal all nozzles in the non-working state, effectively preventing material backflow and blockage. The device integrates an air compressor, a high-pressure air tank, and a high-pressure valve. The drive mechanism simultaneously controls the opening and closing of the high-pressure valve and the operation of the sealing assembly via gear transmission, achieving precise synchronization of high-pressure spraying and nozzle opening during cleaning. A material discharge sensor monitors the discharge status in real time and feeds back to the main control device, enabling automatic blockage identification and intelligent cleaning triggering. In an optimized scheme, a single drive motor can control the discharge valve's operation time-sharing via a unidirectional transmission component. This invention features excellent cleaning performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of silo technology, specifically to an intelligent pneumatic silo cleaning device. Background Technology

[0002] In storage and conveying systems for powders, granules, or lumps, silos are widely used intermediate buffers or storage devices. Materials enter from the top of the silo and exit from the bottom discharge port by gravity. In actual production, due to factors such as the material's moisture content, inter-particle friction, internal friction angle, and silo wall friction coefficient, materials are prone to forming "bridging" or "rat holes" at the bottom conical section or above the discharge port of the silo. This results in material arching and bridging, causing interruptions in discharge or unstable flow, severely impacting the continuity of subsequent processes and product quality. To eliminate the aforementioned bridging problem, various arch-breaking or clearing devices have been proposed in the prior art. Common methods include installing vibrators, air cannons, or pneumatic sprayers at the cone of the silo. Among these, pneumatic clearing devices have been widely used due to their relatively simple structure, strong impact force, and lack of pollution. For example, some existing solutions install one or more jet nozzles on the side wall of the silo discharge pipe, which spray in high-pressure gas instantaneously and use the airflow impact force to break up the arched material. However, the existing pneumatic cleaning devices still have the following shortcomings in actual use: 1. Most pneumatic spray nozzles only have air jets in a single direction, and their spray direction is fixed. If they only spray downwards, they can temporarily clear the feed pipe, but they cannot effectively destroy the arch structure above the bottom of the silo. The material in the arch may collapse and block the feed pipe again after it is cleared. If they only spray upwards, they can impact the arch feet, but it is difficult to guide the loose material downwards and discharge it. The airflow in a single direction cannot meet the two core requirements of "breaking the arch" and "clearing the blockage", so the silo clearing effect is limited. 2. The nozzles of pneumatic sprayers are exposed to the internal environment of the silo or feed pipe for a long time. When not in operation, fine powder or wet materials are very likely to fall into the nozzles under gravity and be compacted under the impact of high-pressure gas. This causes the nozzles to gradually shrink or even become completely blocked. Once the nozzles are blocked, the high-pressure gas cannot be effectively sprayed out, and the cleaning device will lose its function. Cleaning or replacing the nozzles often requires production to be stopped and the pipeline to be disassembled, which is costly and affects the production schedule. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings in the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a clearing device that can intelligently clear inventory and has excellent clearing effect.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to achieve the above objectives is: an intelligent pneumatic cleaning device, including a hopper, a discharge pipe at the bottom of the hopper, a discharge valve on the discharge pipe, a pneumatic spraying component on the discharge pipe above the discharge valve, the pneumatic spraying component including an upward-facing spray hole A and a downward-facing spray hole B, and a sealing component on the discharge pipe in conjunction with the pneumatic spraying component, the sealing component being able to close or open the spray hole A and the spray hole B; An air compressor is fixedly connected to the frame of the hopper. The air compressor is connected to a high-pressure air tank via a pipeline. The high-pressure air tank is connected to the pneumatic nozzle via a high-pressure pipeline. A high-pressure valve is provided on the high-pressure pipeline. The high-pressure valve includes a valve stem for driving the high-pressure valve to open and close. A drive mechanism is fixedly connected to the frame of the hopper. The drive mechanism is poweredly connected to the valve stem and the sealing assembly. When the drive mechanism drives the valve stem to rotate and open the high-pressure valve, the drive mechanism simultaneously drives the sealing assembly to open the nozzle A and nozzle B. A material drop sensor is fixedly connected to the bottom of the hopper, and the material drop sensor and the drive mechanism are signal-connected to the main control device.

[0005] In the above technical solution, to facilitate better handling of the parts of the silo prone to bridging, the specific arrangement is as follows: The bottom of the hopper is provided with a discharge port, and the discharge pipe is fixedly connected to the discharge port. The material valve is close to the discharge port, and the pneumatic spray is located between the discharge port and the material valve.

[0006] In the above technical solution, in order to realize the installation of the pneumatic spraying component, the feeding pipe is provided with an annular protrusion above the material valve, the annular protrusion is provided with an annular cavity communicating with the inside of the feeding pipe, and the pneumatic spraying component is fixedly connected in the annular cavity. When the above installation structure is adopted, the pneumatic nozzle adopts a ring structure, and multiple sets of nozzles A and nozzles B are arranged in a ring array on the inner wall of the pneumatic nozzle, and nozzles A are located above nozzles B. The sealing component is disposed within the annular cavity.

[0007] In the above technical solution, the structure of the enclosed component is as follows: The sealing assembly includes a drive ring and a sealing plate. The nozzle A and the nozzle B correspond one-to-one. The drive ring is rotatably connected inside the annular cavity. The sealing plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the drive ring for each group of nozzle A. The two groups of sealing plates form a blowhole. The inner side of the sealing plate abuts against the inner annular surface of the pneumatic nozzle. The drive ring is powered by the drive mechanism. When the drive mechanism drives the drive ring to rotate, the sealing plate can open or close the nozzle A and nozzle B.

[0008] In the above technical solution, the following structure is provided to enable the installation and driving of the enclosed component: The annular protrusion includes an upper annular portion and a lower annular portion, with an annular opening between the upper annular portion and the lower annular portion, and the upper annular portion and the lower annular portion are fixedly connected by multiple sets of connecting brackets; The bottom surface of the upper annular portion and the top surface of the lower annular portion are respectively provided with rotating grooves. The top surface and bottom surface of the drive ring are fixedly connected to the rotating grooves. The rotating ring is located in the rotating groove. The drive ring passes through the annular opening. The top surface and bottom surface of the drive ring abut against the top surface and bottom surface of the annular opening, respectively. The drive mechanism is dynamically connected to the outer wall of the drive ring.

[0009] In the above technical solution, in order to facilitate the replacement of the drive ring, the connecting frame is fixedly connected to the upper annular part and the lower annular part in a detachable manner.

[0010] In one embodiment, the drive mechanism is implemented using the following structure: The drive mechanism includes a drive motor, a first gear, a second gear, and a gear ring. The high-pressure valve also includes a spherical valve body that cooperates with the valve stem. The spherical valve body is provided with a valve hole. When the valve stem rotates continuously in the same direction, the opening and closing of the high-pressure valve can be realized cyclically. The first gear is fixedly connected to the valve stem. The toothed ring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the drive ring; The gear ring and the first gear are rotatably connected by a drive shaft to the second gear, and the second gear meshes with the first gear and the gear ring. The drive shaft is poweredly connected to the drive motor through the first transmission mechanism. When the drive motor drives the second gear to rotate at a certain angle, the spherical valve body rotates to open or close the high-pressure valve. At this time, the drive ring drives the sealing plate to rotate to open or close the nozzle A and nozzle B. The drive motor is connected to the main control device via signal.

[0011] In one implementation, to reduce the number of driving sources, the following optimized structure is adopted: The material valve includes a valve body, a valve plate located inside the valve body, and a valve shaft that cooperates with the valve plate. The valve shaft and the drive motor are connected by a second transmission mechanism. The first transmission mechanism includes a first one-way transmission component, and the second transmission mechanism includes a second one-way transmission component. Under the action of the first one-way transmission component and the second one-way transmission component, when the drive motor drives the second gear to rotate, the drive motor cannot drive the valve shaft to rotate, and when the drive motor drives the valve shaft to rotate, the drive motor cannot drive the second gear to rotate.

[0012] Furthermore, the first transmission mechanism also includes an output shaft, the drive motor is poweredly connected to the output shaft, the output shaft is engaged with the input end of the first one-way transmission member, and the output end of the first one-way transmission member is engaged with the drive shaft; Furthermore, the second transmission mechanism also includes a worm, a worm wheel, and a transmission shaft. The worm wheel is fixedly connected to the valve shaft, and the worm is rotatably connected to the valve body. The worm meshes with the worm wheel, and one end of the worm is engaged with the output end of the second one-way transmission component. The input end of the second one-way transmission component is engaged with the transmission shaft. The transmission shaft and the output shaft are connected by a transmission connector.

[0013] To improve operational redundancy, a manual control panel is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the worm gear.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. By simultaneously setting upward-facing nozzle A and downward-facing nozzle B on the pneumatic spray component, when the high-pressure gas is released instantaneously, the upward-facing nozzle A can impact and crush the bridge and arched materials at the bottom of the hopper, destroying the material accumulation structure from the root. The downward-facing nozzle B can blow the accumulated material in the discharge pipe downward, clearing the discharge channel. The two work together to achieve the dual hopper clearing function of "breaking the arch above and clearing the channel below", which significantly improves the smoothness of material discharge. 2. The drive mechanism is simultaneously connected to the valve stem and sealing assembly of the high-pressure valve. When the high-pressure valve is opened, the sealing assembly simultaneously opens nozzle A and nozzle B, ensuring that the high-pressure airflow is ejected instantaneously when the nozzle is fully open. When the drive mechanism closes the high-pressure valve, it can simultaneously close nozzle A and nozzle B, thereby preventing the material from clogging the nozzles, avoiding nozzle blockage and high-pressure gas leakage, and ensuring the long-term stable operation and reliable operation of the system. 3. The material feeding sensor monitors the feeding status in real time, and the main control device automatically triggers the drive mechanism to work according to the feeding situation, realizing fully automatic and intelligent on-demand unblocking without manual intervention; 4. The pneumatic spray nozzle adopts a ring structure, and multiple sets of spray holes A and B are arranged in a ring array on the inner wall, so that the high-pressure airflow can be sprayed from multiple angles in the circumferential direction at the same time, forming an all-round, blind-spot-free impact coverage on the bottom of the hopper and the upper part of the discharge pipe. It is particularly suitable for dealing with irregular, multi-point bridge problems caused by material characteristics, and the cleaning effect is uniform and thorough. 5. Through the design of the first and second transmission mechanisms, and in conjunction with the first and second one-way transmission components, only one drive motor is needed to drive the closed components and the valve plate of the material valve in a time-sharing and orderly manner. This not only realizes the high-pressure cleaning and material valve opening and closing operations, but also reduces the number of hardware components such as motors and control lines, thereby reducing equipment manufacturing costs and control complexity. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a front view structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the driving structure of the driving mechanism in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the pneumatic nozzle when it is opened in this invention; Figure 5 for Figure 4 Detailed structural diagram of part a; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the pneumatic nozzle when it is closed in this invention; Figure 7 for Figure 6 Detailed structural diagram of part b in the middle; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pneumatic nozzle and the sealing assembly after separation in this invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperation structure between the drive motor and the material valve in this invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the overall transmission structure of the drive motor in this invention.

[0016] In the diagram: 100 hopper, 101 feed pipe, 1011 annular protrusion, 1012 annular cavity, 1013 upper annular part, 1014 lower annular part, 1015 annular opening, 1016 connecting frame, 1017 rotating groove; 200 pneumatic nozzle, 201 nozzle A, 202 nozzle B; 300 valve body, 301 valve body, 302 valve plate, 303 valve shaft; 401 Air compressor, 402 High-pressure air tank, 403 High-pressure pipeline; 500 High-pressure valve, 501 Valve stem, 502 Ball valve body; 600 sealing assembly, 601 drive ring, 6011 rotating ring, 602 sealing plate, 603 blowhole; 700 Drive mechanism, 701 Drive motor, 7011 Output shaft, 702 First gear, 703 Second gear, 704 Gear ring, 705 Drive shaft; 800 feed sensor; 901 First one-way transmission component, 902 Second one-way transmission component; 1001 Worm gear, 1002 Worm wheel, 1003 Transmission shaft, 1004 Transmission connector, 1005 Manual control panel. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] Please see Figures 1-8 An intelligent pneumatic cleaning device includes a silo 100 and a pneumatic spray nozzle 200. The silo 100 is usually a vertical silo or a cone-bottom silo, with its bottom narrowing to form a discharge port. A vertically extending discharge pipe 101 is fixedly connected to the discharge port, and the discharge pipe 101 serves as a channel for material to be discharged from the silo 100. A material valve 300 is installed on the material discharge pipe 101 near the material discharge port. The material valve 300 is used to control the opening and closing of the material discharge pipe 101 and the material discharge flow rate. The pneumatic spray nozzle 200 is installed on a section of the discharge pipe 101, and its installation position is between the discharge port and the material valve 300. That is, the pneumatic spray nozzle 200 is located between the bottom discharge point of the silo 100 and the material valve 300. This arrangement allows the high-pressure gas sprayed by the pneumatic spray nozzle 200 to act on both the bottom area of ​​the silo 100 and the area of ​​the material valve 300 at the same time. The pneumatic spray nozzle 200 is provided with a nozzle A201 and a nozzle B202. The opening direction of the nozzle A201 is obliquely upward, pointing to the bottom area of ​​the silo 100, and is used to spray high-pressure gas to impact and break the arched material at the bottom of the silo 100. The opening direction of the nozzle B202 is obliquely downward, pointing to the direction of the material valve 300, and is used to spray high-pressure gas to blow away the accumulated material in the discharge pipe 101. An air compressor 401 is fixedly installed on the external frame of the silo 100. The air outlet of the air compressor 401 is connected to a high-pressure gas tank 402 through a pipeline. The high-pressure gas tank 402 is used to store the high-pressure gas compressed by the air compressor 401, and plays the role of stabilizing pressure and storing energy. The air outlet of the high-pressure gas tank 402 is connected to the air inlet of the pneumatic nozzle 200 through a high-pressure pipeline 403. A high-pressure valve 500 is connected in series on the high-pressure pipeline 403. The high-pressure valve 500 is used to control the opening and closing of the high-pressure pipeline 403. The high-pressure valve 500 is provided with a valve stem 501. By rotating the valve stem 501, the valve body inside the high-pressure valve 500 can be driven to move, thereby realizing the opening or closing of the high-pressure valve 500. Meanwhile, a sealing component 600 is provided on the feed pipe 101 in conjunction with the pneumatic spray nozzle 200. The sealing component 600 can close or open the spray nozzle A201 and the spray nozzle B202. A drive mechanism 700 is also fixedly installed on the frame of the hopper 100. The drive mechanism 700 is simultaneously connected to the valve stem 501 of the high-pressure valve 500 and the sealing component 600. The drive mechanism 700 is configured to have a linkage function. That is, when the drive mechanism 700 moves and drives the valve stem 501 to rotate so that the high-pressure valve 500 opens, the drive mechanism 700 simultaneously drives the sealing component 600 to move so that the nozzles A201 and B202 of the pneumatic spray nozzle 200 are in the open state. Conversely, when the drive mechanism 700 drives the valve stem 501 to close the high-pressure valve 500, the sealing component 600 also simultaneously closes the nozzles A201 and B202 of the pneumatic spray nozzle 200. A material discharge sensor 800 is also fixedly installed at the bottom of the hopper 100. The material discharge sensor 800 is used to detect in real time whether there is material falling at the discharge port or whether the material discharge is interrupted. The material discharge sensor 800 and the aforementioned drive mechanism 700 are both connected to a main control device via signal cables. The main control device is a programmable logic controller or an industrial microcontroller. It has pre-set control logic and can automatically determine whether bridging blockage has occurred in the hopper 100 based on the signal fed back by the material discharge sensor 800. When a blockage is determined, the drive mechanism 700 is automatically started to perform a clearing operation.

[0019] In this embodiment, an annular protrusion 1011 is provided on the section of the feed pipe 101 above the feed valve 300. The annular protrusion 1011 is an expansion structure formed by a partial outward protrusion of the wall of the feed pipe 101. An annular cavity 1012 is formed inside the feed pipe 101 and communicates with the inside of the feed pipe 101. The annular cavity 1012 surrounds the periphery of the central channel of the feed pipe 101 and is used to accommodate the pneumatic spray 200 and the sealing assembly 600. The pneumatic spray nozzle 200 adopts an overall annular structure, that is, the nozzle body is in the shape of a ring, and its inner ring surface forms part of the internal channel of the feed pipe 101. The pneumatic spray nozzle 200 is fixedly installed in the above-mentioned annular cavity 1012, and its air inlet is connected to the high-pressure pipeline 403. On the inner ring wall of the pneumatic spray nozzle 200, multiple sets of spray holes are arranged in a ring array along the circumferential direction. Each set of spray holes includes spray hole A201 and spray hole B202, and spray hole A201 is located above spray hole B202. Through the uniform distribution of multiple sets of spray holes in the circumferential direction, the high-pressure airflow can act on the material from multiple angles at the same time, achieving a cleaning effect without dead angles. The sealing component 600 is also disposed in the above-mentioned annular cavity 1012. It is configured to simultaneously close or open all nozzles A201 and nozzles B202. The main function of the sealing component 600 is to completely isolate the nozzles from the material environment inside the feed pipe 101 in the non-cleaning working state, so as to prevent powder or granular materials from flowing back into the nozzles and causing blockage. Specifically, the sealing component 600 mainly includes a drive ring 601 and multiple sealing plates 602. The number of nozzles A201 and B202 are the same and correspond one-to-one. The drive ring 601 is a circular ring component that is rotatably connected to the annular cavity 1012 in a coaxial manner. The inner ring surface of the drive ring 601 is adjacent to or flush with the inner ring surface of the pneumatic nozzle 200. On the inner ring wall of the drive ring 601, a sealing plate 602 is fixedly connected to the position corresponding to each set of nozzles A201 and nozzles B202. The shape and size of each sealing plate 602 are set to be able to cover the corresponding set of nozzles A201 and nozzles B202 at the same time. A gap is formed between every two sealing plates 602, and the gap constitutes the nozzle 603 for high-pressure gas to be ejected. When the drive ring 601 rotates to the closed position, the inner side of the sealing plate 602 comes into close contact with the inner ring surface of the pneumatic nozzle 200, thereby completely covering and sealing the nozzle A201 and nozzle B202. When the drive ring 601 rotates to the open position, the closing plate 602 rotates through a certain angle with the drive ring 601, and the high-pressure gas from the nozzle A201 and nozzle B202 can be ejected from the nozzle through the blow port 603. The outer wall of the aforementioned drive ring 601 is poweredly connected to the drive mechanism 700, which drives it to rotate in the forward or reverse direction to realize the opening or closing action of the closing plate 602. In this embodiment, to achieve stable rotational installation of the drive ring 601 within the annular cavity 1012, the annular protrusion 1011 is structurally divided into two parts: an upper annular part 1013 and a lower annular part 1014. The upper annular part 1013 is located above, and the lower annular part 1014 is located below. An open annular opening 1015 is formed circumferentially between the upper annular part 1013 and the lower annular part 1014. The upper annular part 1013 and the lower annular part 1014 are fixedly connected by multiple sets of connecting brackets 1016, and the connecting brackets 1016 are spaced apart circumferentially to avoid obstructing the annular opening 1015. A rotating groove 1017 is formed on the bottom surface of the upper annular portion 1013, and a rotating groove 1017 is also formed on the top surface of the lower annular portion 1014. The two sets of rotating grooves 1017 are vertically aligned. A rotating ring 6011 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the drive ring 601, and a rotating ring 6011 is also fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the drive ring 601. The rotating ring 6011 is embedded in the rotating groove 1017. Through the cooperation between the rotating ring 6011 and the rotating groove 1017, the drive ring... 601 can rotate freely around its own axis. The middle part of the drive ring 601 passes through the annular opening 1015 and is exposed on the outside of the annular protrusion 1011. The top surface of the drive ring 601 abuts against the top surface of the annular opening 1015, and the bottom surface of the drive ring 601 abuts against the bottom surface of the annular opening 1015, thereby achieving the axial positioning of the drive ring 601. The drive mechanism 700 is poweredly connected to the outer wall of the drive ring 601 to drive its rotation. In a preferred embodiment, the connecting frame 1016 is detachably fixed to the upper annular portion 1013 and the lower annular portion 1014, for example, by bolt or pin connection. With the detachable method, when it is necessary to replace the sealing plate 602 or to repair the pneumatic spray component 200, the connecting frame 1016 can be removed first, and then the upper annular portion 1013 and the lower annular portion 1014 can be separated, thereby removing the entire drive ring 601 from the annular cavity 1012, which facilitates maintenance work.

[0020] In this embodiment, the drive mechanism 700 includes a drive motor 701, a first gear 702, a second gear 703, a gear ring 704, and a drive shaft 705. The high-pressure valve 500 adopts a ball valve structure, which has a ball valve body 502 inside. The ball valve body 502 has a valve hole. One end of the valve stem 501 is fixedly connected to the ball valve body 502, and the other end of the valve stem 501 extends out of the valve body. The ball valve is configured such that when the valve stem 501 rotates continuously in the same direction, the ball valve body 502 rotates accordingly. The valve hole and the channel of the high-pressure pipeline 403 are periodically aligned or misaligned, thereby realizing the cyclic opening and closing of the high-pressure valve 500. That is, every time the valve stem 501 rotates 90 degrees, the high-pressure valve 500 can realize a switch from open to closed or from closed to open. The first gear 702 is fixedly sleeved on the valve stem 501. A gear ring 704 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the drive ring 601. The drive shaft 705 is rotatably connected to the frame of the hopper 100. A second gear 703 is fixedly sleeved on the drive shaft 705. The second gear 703 meshes with the first gear 702 and the gear ring 704 at the same time. The drive shaft 705 is poweredly connected to the output end of the drive motor 701 through the first transmission mechanism. When the main control device issues a cleanup command, the drive motor 701 starts and drives the drive shaft 705 to rotate at a certain angle. The drive shaft 705 drives the first gear 702 and the gear ring 704 to rotate simultaneously through the second gear 703. Since the first gear 702 is fixedly connected to the valve stem 501, the valve stem 501 rotates accordingly and drives the ball valve body 502 to rotate, so that the high pressure valve 500 switches from the closed state to the open state. At the same time, the gear ring 704 drives the drive ring 601 to rotate, so that the sealing plate 602 rotates from the position of covering the spray hole to the position of opening the spray hole, that is, the spray hole A201 and spray hole B202 are opened simultaneously. The high pressure gas in the high pressure gas tank 402 enters the pneumatic spray component 200 through the high pressure pipeline 403 and the high pressure valve 500, and is sprayed out from all spray holes A201 and B202 at the same time, realizing the cleanup operation. After the cleaning operation is completed, the main control device controls the drive motor 701 to continue to rotate at a certain angle. The drive shaft 705 drives the second gear 703 to rotate, which in turn drives the valve stem 501 and the drive ring 601 to rotate. At this time, the high pressure valve 500 is closed, and the sealing plate 602 covers and seals the nozzles A201 and B202 again.

[0021] Please see Figure 9 , Figure 10 In a further optimized implementation, in order to reduce the number of drive sources and reduce manufacturing costs, this embodiment also integrates the drive of the material valve 300 with the aforementioned drive mechanism 700, so as to realize time-sharing control of the material valve 300 and the clearing component by a single drive motor 701. In the optimized structure, the material valve 300 adopts a gate valve or butterfly valve structure, which includes a valve body 301, a valve plate 302 located inside the valve body 301, and a valve shaft 303 fixedly connected to the valve plate 302. The valve shaft 303 is rotatably mounted on the valve body 301. By rotating the valve shaft 303, the valve plate 302 can be driven to rotate inside the valve body 301, thereby realizing the opening and closing of the material valve 300. The valve shaft 303 is powered by the drive motor 701 through the second transmission mechanism. The first transmission mechanism is provided with a first one-way transmission component 901, and the second transmission mechanism is provided with a second one-way transmission component 902. The one-way transmission component can be a one-way ratchet mechanism, which has an input end and an output end, and can only transmit power in one rotation direction, while in the opposite direction it is in a free-spinning disengaged state. By rationally configuring the power transmission directions of the first one-way transmission component 901 and the second one-way transmission component 902, the following functions can be achieved: When the drive motor 701 rotates in the forward direction, its power is transmitted to the first transmission mechanism via the output shaft 7011. Under the action of the first one-way transmission member 901, the output shaft 7011 engages with the output end of the first transmission mechanism, and the power is transmitted to the drive shaft 705, which in turn drives the second gear 703 to rotate, thereby performing the opening action of the high-pressure valve 500 and the opening action of the closing component 600. At the same time, since the second one-way transmission member 902 in the second transmission mechanism is in a disengaged state, the power of the drive motor 701 cannot be transmitted to the valve shaft 303, so the material valve 300 maintains its current opening degree. When the drive motor 701 rotates in the reverse direction, its power is transmitted to the second transmission mechanism via the output shaft 7011. Under the action of the second one-way transmission member 902, the power is transmitted to the valve shaft 303, driving the valve plate 302 to rotate to open or close the material valve 300. At the same time, since the first one-way transmission member 901 is in the disengaged state, the power of the drive motor 701 cannot be transmitted to the drive shaft 705. Therefore, the sealing component 600 and the high-pressure valve 500 remain unchanged in their current state. With the above settings, a single drive motor 701 can independently drive the cleaning action and the material valve 300 action in different rotation directions, which not only ensures the coordination of the action sequence, but also simplifies the overall structure of the machine. In the specific implementation of the second transmission mechanism, it includes a worm 1001, a worm wheel 1002, and a transmission shaft 1003. Specifically, a worm wheel 1002 is fixedly sleeved on the valve shaft 303, and a worm 1001 is rotatably connected to the valve body 301. The worm 1001 and the worm wheel 1002 mesh with each other to form a worm wheel 1002-worm 1001 transmission pair. One end of the worm 1001 is connected to the output end of the second one-way transmission member 902, and the input end of the second one-way transmission member 902 is connected to the transmission shaft 1003. The transmission shaft 1003 is connected to the output shaft 7 of the drive motor 701. The power connection between 011 is achieved through the transmission connector 1004. The transmission connector 1004 can be a coupling, a synchronous belt drive pair or a chain drive pair. The advantage of using the worm gear 1002 and worm 1001 pair is that the worm 1001 can drive the worm gear 1002 to rotate, while the worm gear 1002 cannot drive the worm 1001 in the reverse direction, which has a self-locking characteristic. When the drive motor 701 stops, even if the gravity of the material in the hopper 100 generates torque on the valve plate 302, the valve plate 302 will not rotate on its own, thereby ensuring the reliable locking of the material valve 300 at any opening degree. Based on the above preferred embodiments, in order to further improve the operability of the equipment in the event of power failure or main control device failure, a manual operation disc 1005 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the worm gear 1001. The manual operation disc 1005 is a disc-shaped component, and its outer circumference can be provided with anti-slip textures or concave holes. When manual operation is required, the operator can use the handle or directly rotate the manual operation disc 1005 by hand to rotate the worm gear 1001, thereby driving the worm wheel 1002 and valve shaft 303 to rotate, realizing the manual opening and closing of the material valve 300. Under the action of the second one-way transmission component 902, the power will not be transmitted to the second gear 703 and other components. The fixed connection between the manual operation disc 1005 and the worm gear 1001 allows for manual intervention without disassembling any components in emergency situations, improving the emergency handling capability of the equipment.

[0022] The complete working process of this embodiment is described below.

[0023] Under normal feeding conditions, the main control device controls the drive motor 701 to be in a stopped state. At this time, the high pressure valve 500 is in the closed position, and the sealing plate 602 of the sealing component 600 completely covers and seals the nozzles A201 and B202 of the pneumatic sprayer 200. The material is discharged normally from the hopper 100 through the feeding pipe 101 and the material valve 300. The material discharge sensor 800 continuously monitors the material flow at the discharge port and transmits the detection signal to the main control device in real time. When bridging blockage occurs at the bottom of the hopper 100, the material flow in the discharge pipe 101 is interrupted or the flow rate drops significantly. The discharge sensor 800 detects this abnormal signal and transmits it to the main control device. After a preset delay confirmation, the main control device determines that the hopper 100 is blocked and then automatically issues a clearing command. The main control device first controls the drive motor 701 to rotate in the first direction. The drive motor 701 drives the second gear 703 to rotate through the first transmission mechanism. The second gear 703 simultaneously drives the first gear 702 and the gear ring 704 to rotate. The first gear 702 drives the valve stem 501 to open the high-pressure valve 500. The gear ring 704 drives the drive ring 601 to rotate the sealing plate 602 to the open position. The nozzles A201 and B202 are exposed at the same time. The high-pressure gas in the high-pressure gas tank 402 is ejected from all nozzles A201 and B202 at the same time through the high-pressure pipeline 403, the high-pressure valve 500, and the pneumatic nozzle 200. The high-pressure gas ejected from the upward nozzle A201 impacts the arched material at the bottom of the silo 100 and breaks the arch. The high-pressure gas ejected from the downward nozzle B202 blows the accumulated material in the feed pipe 101 downward and forces the loosened material to be discharged. After the clearing action continues for a preset time, the main control device controls the drive motor 701 to rotate in the same direction by a predetermined angle, so that the high pressure valve 500 is closed and the sealing plate 602 covers the sealing nozzles A201 and B202 again to prevent material backflow. If the clearing is successful, the material drop sensor 800 will detect that the material is falling continuously again, and the main control device will return to standby mode. If there is still no material dropping after clearing, the main control device can repeat the above clearing cycle or issue an alarm signal to prompt manual intervention. When the material feeding is completed and the hopper 100 needs to be closed, the main control device can control the drive motor 701 to rotate at a predetermined angle in the second direction. The drive motor 701 drives the worm 1001 to rotate through the second transmission mechanism, thereby causing the worm 1001 to drive the worm wheel 1002 to rotate, and finally causing the valve shaft 303 to drive the valve plate 302 to close the feeding pipe 101. When it is necessary to reopen, the main control device can control the drive motor 701 to rotate a predetermined angle in the second direction, thereby opening the valve plate 302.

[0024] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0025] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. An intelligent pneumatic cleaning device, comprising a hopper (100), wherein a discharge pipe (101) is provided at the bottom of the hopper (100), and a discharge valve (300) is provided on the discharge pipe (101), characterized in that: The feed pipe (101) is provided with a pneumatic spray nozzle (200) above the feed valve (300). The pneumatic spray nozzle (200) includes an upward-facing spray hole A (201) and a downward-facing spray hole B (202). The feed pipe (101) is provided with a sealing component (600) in cooperation with the pneumatic spray nozzle (200). The sealing component (600) can close or open the spray hole A (201) and the spray hole B (202). An air compressor (401) is fixedly connected to the frame of the silo (100). The air compressor (401) is connected to a high-pressure air tank (402) via a pipeline. The high-pressure air tank (402) is connected to the pneumatic nozzle (200) via a high-pressure pipeline (403). A high-pressure valve (500) is provided on the high-pressure pipeline (403). The high-pressure valve (500) includes a valve stem (501) for driving the high-pressure valve (500) to open and close. A drive mechanism (700) is fixedly connected to the frame of the hopper (100). The drive mechanism (700) is poweredly connected to the valve stem (501) and the sealing assembly (600). When the drive mechanism (700) drives the valve stem (501) to rotate and open the high-pressure valve (500), the drive mechanism (700) simultaneously drives the sealing assembly (600) to open the nozzle A (201) and nozzle B (202). A material drop sensor (800) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the hopper (100), and the material drop sensor (800) and the drive mechanism (700) are signal-connected to the main control device.

2. The intelligent pneumatic cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed pipe (101) is provided with an annular protrusion (1011) above the feed valve (300). The annular protrusion (1011) is provided with an annular cavity (1012) communicating with the inside of the feed pipe (101). The pneumatic nozzle (200) is fixedly connected inside the annular cavity (1012). The pneumatic nozzle (200) adopts a ring structure. Multiple sets of nozzles A (201) and nozzles B (202) are arranged in a ring array on the inner wall of the pneumatic nozzle (200), and nozzles A (201) are located above nozzles B (202). The sealing component (600) is disposed within the annular cavity (1012).

3. The intelligent pneumatic cleaning device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sealing assembly (600) includes a drive ring (601) and a sealing plate (602). The nozzles A (201) and B (202) correspond one-to-one. The drive ring (601) is rotatably connected inside the annular cavity (1012). The sealing plate (602) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the drive ring (601) for each set of nozzles A (201). The two sets of sealing plates (602) form a blowhole (603). The inner side of the sealing plate (602) abuts against the inner annular surface of the pneumatic nozzle (200). The drive ring (601) is poweredly connected to the drive mechanism (700). When the drive mechanism (700) drives the drive ring (601) to rotate, the sealing plate (602) can open or close the nozzle A (201) and nozzle B (202).

4. The intelligent pneumatic cleaning device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The annular protrusion (1011) includes an upper annular portion (1013) and a lower annular portion (1014), with an annular opening (1015) between the upper annular portion (1013) and the lower annular portion (1014), and the upper annular portion (1013) and the lower annular portion (1014) are fixedly connected by multiple sets of connecting brackets (1016); The bottom surface of the upper annular portion (1013) and the top surface of the lower annular portion (1014) are respectively provided with rotating grooves (1017). The top and bottom surfaces of the drive ring (601) are fixedly connected to the rotating grooves (1017) with rotating rings (6011). The rotating rings (6011) are located in the rotating grooves (1017). The drive ring (601) passes through the annular opening (1015). The top and bottom surfaces of the drive ring (601) abut against the top and bottom surfaces of the annular opening (1015) respectively. The drive mechanism (700) is dynamically connected to the outer wall of the drive ring (601).

5. The intelligent pneumatic cleaning device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The drive mechanism (700) includes a drive motor (701), a first gear (702), a second gear (703), and a gear ring (704). The high-pressure valve (500) also includes a spherical valve body (502) that cooperates with the valve stem (501). The spherical valve body (502) is provided with a valve hole. When the valve stem (501) rotates continuously in the same direction, the opening and closing of the high-pressure valve (500) can be realized cyclically. The first gear (702) is fixedly connected to the valve stem (501). The toothed ring (704) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the drive ring (601). The gear ring (704) and the first gear (702) are rotatably connected by a second gear (703) via a drive shaft (705), and the second gear (703) meshes with the first gear (702) and the gear ring (704); The drive shaft (705) is poweredly connected to the drive motor (701) through the first transmission mechanism. When the drive motor (701) drives the second gear (703) to rotate at a certain angle, the ball valve body (502) rotates to open or close the high pressure valve (500). At this time, the drive ring (601) drives the sealing plate (602) to rotate to open or close the nozzle A (201) and nozzle B (202). The drive motor (701) is connected to the main control device via signal.

6. The intelligent pneumatic cleaning device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The material valve (300) includes a valve body (301), a valve plate (302) located inside the valve body (301), and a valve shaft (303) that cooperates with the valve plate (302). The valve shaft (303) and the drive motor (701) are connected by a second transmission mechanism. The first transmission mechanism includes a first one-way transmission component (901), and the second transmission mechanism includes a second one-way transmission component (902). Under the action of the first one-way transmission component (901) and the second one-way transmission component (902), when the drive motor (701) drives the second gear (703) to rotate, the drive motor (701) cannot drive the valve shaft (303) to rotate. When the drive motor (701) drives the valve shaft (303) to rotate, the drive motor (701) cannot drive the second gear (703) to rotate.

7. The intelligent pneumatic cleaning device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first transmission mechanism further includes an output shaft (7011), the drive motor (701) is poweredly connected to the output shaft (7011), the output shaft (7011) cooperates with the input end of the first one-way transmission member (901), and the output end of the first one-way transmission member (901) cooperates with the drive shaft (705). The second transmission mechanism further includes a worm (1001), a worm wheel (1002), and a transmission shaft (1003). The worm wheel (1002) is fixedly connected to the valve shaft (303), and the worm (1001) is rotatably connected to the valve body (301). The worm (1001) meshes with the worm wheel (1002). One end of the worm (1001) is engaged with the output end of the second one-way transmission component (902), and the input end of the second one-way transmission component (902) is engaged with the transmission shaft (1003). The transmission shaft (1003) and the output shaft (7011) are connected by a transmission connector (1004).

8. The intelligent pneumatic cleaning device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bottom end of the worm gear (1001) is fixedly connected to a manual operation panel (1005).

9. The intelligent pneumatic cleaning device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The connecting frame (1016) is fixedly connected to the upper annular part (1013) and the lower annular part (1014) in a detachable manner.

10. The intelligent pneumatic cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the hopper (100) is provided with a discharge port, and the discharge pipe (101) is fixedly connected to the discharge port. The material valve (300) is close to the discharge port, and the pneumatic spray element (200) is located between the discharge port and the material valve (300).

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