A new pollutant gradient adsorption regulation method for high-cod coexisting water body

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of new pollutant gradient adsorption regulation and control methods of high COD coexisting water body, it is related to water pollution control technical field, comprising: sequentially performing COD orifice masking reduction, competitive adsorption buffer migration and new pollutant selective fine filtration capture to high COD coexisting water body, generate gradient adsorption along the way state information and carry out state association, generate gradient adsorption state sequence;Along the way threshold crossing positioning is carried out to gradient adsorption state sequence, determines COD masking front and new pollutant breakthrough front and carries out bed depth difference and outlet balance back calculation, obtains double-frontal isolation bed depth and new pollutant remaining protection bed depth, and safety bed depth gap is precipitated and segmented reconstruction mapping is carried out to double-frontal isolation bed depth and new pollutant remaining protection bed depth, determine gradient bed depth reconstruction quantity;The application provides reliable support for the water pollution control of high COD coexisting water body by double-frontal positioning and bed depth partition reconstruction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water pollution control technology, and in particular to a method for gradient adsorption and regulation of new pollutants in water bodies with high COD coexistence. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of industries such as pharmaceuticals, fine chemicals, daily chemicals, and medical devices, the detection frequency of new pollutants in water bodies, such as antibiotics, endocrine disruptors, drugs, and personal care products, is constantly increasing. Existing adsorption technologies typically employ activated carbon, activated coke, biochar, and modified porous materials to construct fixed-bed or stratified filter beds. By adjusting the pore size structure, surface functional groups, and packing ratio of the adsorption materials, the capture capacity for pollutants of different molecular sizes and polarities is improved. To adapt to complex water qualities, some technologies further employ a gradient configuration approach: macroporous materials pre-retain high-molecular-weight organic matter, mesoporous materials buffer competitive adsorption, and microporous and polar modified materials finely adsorb new pollutants. This is combined with differential pressure monitoring and breakthrough curve analysis to evaluate the filter bed's operating status, thereby extending the service life of the adsorption materials and improving the stability of new pollutant removal in water pollution.

[0003] However, in water bodies where high COD organic matter coexists with trace amounts of new pollutants, dissolved organic matter preferentially occupies the surface and pores of the adsorption material, forming a gradually migrating pore-masking area on the filter bed inlet side, thus continuously reducing the adsorption sites available for new pollutants. On the one hand, existing technologies mostly use effluent concentration, overall COD removal rate, and total filter bed pressure difference as the basis for filter media replacement and operating parameter adjustment, which easily leads to a decrease in the accuracy of evaluating the filter bed's residual protection capacity. On the other hand, the layer thickness ratio of existing gradient filters is fixed during the filling stage, lacking a control mechanism for zonal allocation and relay reconfiguration of different bed depth sections based on the isolation bed depth between the two leading edges, the residual protection bed depth from the new pollutant penetration leading edge to the effluent end, and the pressure difference along the filter bed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the aforementioned existing problems, the present invention is proposed.

[0005] Therefore, this invention provides a method for gradient adsorption and regulation of new pollutants in water bodies with high COD coexistence to solve the problems of inaccurate evaluation of the residual protection capacity of filter beds and the difficulty in reconstructing bed depth zones based on the position of the two fronts and the pressure difference along the flow path.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] This invention provides a method for regulating the gradient adsorption of new pollutants in high-COD coexisting water bodies. The method includes sequentially performing COD pore masking reduction, competitive adsorption buffer migration, and selective fine filtration capture of new pollutants in the high-COD coexisting water body, generating gradient adsorption process state information and performing state correlation to generate a gradient adsorption state sequence; performing process threshold cross-location on the gradient adsorption state sequence to determine the COD masking front and the new pollutant penetration front, and performing bed depth difference and outlet margin back-calculation to obtain the double-front isolation bed depth and the remaining protective bed depth for new pollutants; and performing safe bed depth gap precipitation and segmented reconstruction mapping on the double-front isolation bed depth and the remaining protective bed depth for new pollutants to determine the gradient bed depth reconstruction amount. Based on the gradient bed depth reconstruction amount, using the COD masking front and the new pollutant penetration front as the boundary, the bed depth position in the gradient adsorption state information is partitioned and assigned to determine the bed depth adjustment amount. The bed depth adjustment amount is then mapped to the bed depth segments between the two fronts and behind the new pollutant penetration front for relay arrangement, generating a gradient bed depth control sequence. Based on the gradient bed depth control sequence, the bed depth segments marked at the corresponding bed depth positions are adjusted according to the bed depth adjustment amount to obtain a reconstructed gradient filter bed. High COD coexisting water bodies are then sequentially flowed through the reconstructed gradient filter bed for gradient adsorption, updating the isolation bed depth of the two fronts and the remaining protective bed depth of the new pollutant, generating a new pollutant gradient adsorption control state.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the gradient adsorption regulation method for new pollutants in high-COD coexisting water bodies described in this invention, the specific steps of sequentially performing COD pore masking reduction, competitive adsorption buffer migration, and selective fine filtration capture of new pollutants on the high-COD coexisting water body to generate gradient adsorption process state information are as follows:

[0009] For water bodies with high COD coexistence, macroporous priority interception is implemented. The degree of occupancy of adsorption pores is determined by the COD concentration decay and pressure difference increase at different bed depths, thereby reducing the high COD organic load that causes pore occupancy and generating a COD pore occupancy occupancy state.

[0010] Based on the COD pore masking state, mesoporous transition adsorption is performed on high COD coexisting water bodies that have been reduced by COD pore masking. The competitive site occupancy difference and adsorption load migration ranking are performed according to the changes in COD residual concentration and new pollutant concentration along the process to generate competitive adsorption migration state.

[0011] Based on the competitive adsorption migration state, polar affinity matching and micropore size screening are performed on high COD coexisting water bodies that have migrated through competitive adsorption buffers to capture residual new pollutants and generate gradient adsorption process state information.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the gradient adsorption regulation method for new pollutants in high COD coexisting water bodies described in this invention, the gradient adsorption state sequence is based on the gradient adsorption process state information. The COD concentration, new pollutant concentration, and pressure difference information corresponding to the same bed depth position are encapsulated in the same location. The COD concentration difference, new pollutant concentration difference, and pressure difference between adjacent bed depth positions are calculated. The COD concentration difference, new pollutant concentration difference, and pressure difference corresponding to the same pair of adjacent bed depth positions are bound as state transfer markers, and the state transfer markers are generated according to the bed depth position.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the gradient adsorption regulation method for new pollutants in high COD coexisting water bodies described in this invention, the specific steps for performing path-crossing threshold localization on the gradient adsorption state sequence to determine the COD masking front and the new pollutant penetration front are as follows:

[0014] Based on the gradient adsorption state sequence, the corresponding COD concentration, new pollutant concentration and pressure difference information are encoded according to the bed depth position to obtain the bed depth position mark. The COD concentration, new pollutant concentration and pressure difference information under the same bed depth position mark are coupled and encapsulated to generate a three-parameter response chain along the process.

[0015] Based on the three-parameter response chain along the flow path, the bed depth sequence markers that continuously reach the COD concentration decay threshold and the pressure difference accumulation threshold along the direction from the inlet to the outlet are encoded as COD masking occupancy states, and the bed depth sequence markers that continuously reach the new pollutant concentration rebound threshold are encoded as new pollutant penetration occupancy states, thus generating a double-front occupancy chain.

[0016] Based on the dual-frontal locustory chain, the COD masking locustory status is tracked forward, and the terminating bed depth sequence marker of continuous locustory is determined as the COD masking front. The new pollutant penetration locustory status is also tracked forward, and the terminating bed depth sequence marker of continuous locustory is determined as the new pollutant penetration front.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the gradient adsorption regulation method for new pollutants in high COD coexisting water bodies described in this invention, the specific steps for obtaining the dual-front isolation bed depth and the remaining protective bed depth for new pollutants are as follows:

[0018] The bed depth sequence markers of the COD masking front and the new pollutant penetration front are mapped to the corresponding bed depth positions, and the opposite reversal occupation is performed starting from the bed depth position. The bed depth length where no occupation overlap occurs is determined as the double front isolation bed depth.

[0019] Based on the new pollutant penetration front, the bed depth position corresponding to the new pollutant penetration front is reversed and the bed depth position at the effluent end in the gradient adsorption state sequence is tracked. The length of bed depth between the two bed depth positions that is not covered by the new pollutant penetration occupation state is determined as the remaining protective bed depth of the new pollutant.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the gradient adsorption regulation method for new pollutants in high COD coexisting water bodies described in this invention, the specific steps for performing safety bed depth gap precipitation and segmented reconstruction mapping on the dual-front isolation bed depth and the remaining protective bed depth for new pollutants to determine the gradient bed depth reconstruction amount are as follows:

[0021] Based on the double-front isolation bed depth and the remaining protection bed depth for new pollutants, using the COD masking front, the new pollutant penetration front, and the bed depth position at the effluent end as anchor points, forward spreading between the fronts and reverse spreading on the effluent side are performed respectively, generating the bed depth occupancy status between the fronts and the spreading bed depth occupancy status on the effluent side. The bed depth positions where the pressure difference information along the bed depth direction continuously increases are marked as candidate positions for bed depth reduction and excluded from the spreading bed depth occupancy status. The bed depth positions covered by both the spreading bed depth occupancy status between the fronts and the spreading bed depth occupancy status on the effluent side are merged and retained once to generate a reconfigurable bed depth gap chain.

[0022] The gap segments in the reconfigurable bed depth gap chain located between the new pollutant penetration front and the bed depth at the effluent end are spliced ​​together in a reverse spreading sequence on the effluent side to generate a protective bed depth compensation segment. The gap segments located between the COD shielding front and the new pollutant penetration front are spliced ​​together in a forward spreading sequence between the fronts to generate an isolation bed depth compensation segment. The protective bed depth compensation segment and the isolation bed depth compensation segment are then stacked in a segmented relay to determine the gradient bed depth reconstruction amount.

[0023] As a preferred embodiment of the gradient adsorption regulation method for new pollutants in high COD coexisting water bodies described in this invention, the step of performing zoned bed depth allocation on the bed depth position in the gradient adsorption state information based on the gradient bed depth reconstruction amount, with the COD masking front and the new pollutant penetration front as the boundary, and determining the bed depth adjustment amount, is as follows:

[0024] Based on the reconfigurable bed depth gap chain, with the COD shielding front and the new pollutant penetration front as the boundary, the gap segments in the reconfigurable bed depth gap chain located between the COD shielding front and the new pollutant penetration front are sequentially connected to the corresponding bed depth positions to form the front isolation gap sub-chain, and the gap segments located between the new pollutant penetration front and the effluent bed depth position are sequentially connected to the corresponding bed depth positions to form the effluent protection gap sub-chain.

[0025] Based on the pressure difference information corresponding to the front isolation gap sub-chain and the outlet protection gap sub-chain, the outlet protection gap sub-chain is subjected to reverse occupancy from the effluent end to the new pollutant penetration front, and the front isolation gap sub-chain is subjected to reverse occupancy from the new pollutant penetration front to the COD shielding front. The bed depth positions where the pressure difference information continuously increases along the bed depth direction are collected into a bed depth reduction position set, and the bed depth positions before and after the bed depth reduction position are connected to generate a bidirectional adjustable bed depth chain.

[0026] Based on the gradient bed depth reconstruction amount, the double frontal isolation bed depth, and the remaining protective bed depth for new pollutants, a reverse relay allocation with priority given to export protection is performed on the bidirectional adjustable bed depth chain. The gradient bed depth reconstruction amount is mapped to the export protection gap sub-chain, and the gradient bed depth reconstruction amount is allocated according to the reverse occupancy order of the export protection gap sub-chain. The gradient bed depth reconstruction amount retained after the allocation of the export protection gap sub-chain is completed is then allocated again according to the reverse occupancy order of the frontal isolation gap sub-chain to determine the bed depth adjustment amount.

[0027] As a preferred embodiment of the gradient adsorption regulation method for new pollutants in high COD coexisting water bodies described in this invention, the gradient bed depth regulation sequence is based on the bed depth adjustment amount, and the corresponding bed depth positions are arranged sequentially according to the reverse occupancy order of the outlet protection gap sub-chain, the corresponding bed depth positions are arranged again according to the reverse occupancy order of the leading edge isolation gap sub-chain, and the bed depth reduction positions are arranged again according to the arrangement order of the bed depth reduction positions. The recurring bed depth positions are generated by occupancy elimination.

[0028] As a preferred embodiment of the gradient adsorption and regulation method for new pollutants in high COD coexisting water bodies described in this invention, the specific steps of adjusting the bed depth of the marked bed depth segment according to the gradient bed depth regulation sequence to obtain a reconstructed gradient filter bed are as follows:

[0029] Based on the gradient bed depth control sequence, according to the arrangement order of each bed depth position, the bed depth increase adjustment is used for the thickening configuration of the filter layer corresponding to the filter layer identifier at the bed depth position, and the bed depth reduction adjustment is used for the thinning configuration of the filter layer corresponding to the filter layer identifier at the bed depth position, thereby generating a gradient filter layer thickness configuration.

[0030] According to the gradient filter layer thickness configuration, the filter layers used for COD pore masking and reduction, competitive adsorption buffer migration, and selective fine filtration and capture of new pollutants are reconfigured respectively, and the reconfigured filter layers are connected according to the flow sequence of the high COD coexisting water body to generate a reconstructed gradient filter bed.

[0031] As a preferred embodiment of the method for regulating the gradient adsorption of new pollutants in high-COD coexisting water bodies according to the present invention, the specific steps for generating the gradient adsorption regulation state of new pollutants are as follows:

[0032] High COD coexisting water bodies are sequentially flowed through a reconstructed gradient filter bed for gradient adsorption. COD concentration, new pollutant concentration and pressure difference information are collected at each depth of the reconstructed gradient filter bed to generate adjusted gradient adsorption process state information.

[0033] Based on the adjusted gradient adsorption process state information, process threshold cross-location is performed to determine the COD masking front and the new pollutant penetration front. The bed depth length between the corresponding bed depth positions of the COD masking front and the new pollutant penetration front is updated to the double front isolation bed depth. The bed depth length between the corresponding bed depth position of the new pollutant penetration front and the bed depth position at the effluent end that is not covered by the new pollutant penetration and occupation state is updated to the new pollutant remaining protection bed depth.

[0034] Based on the reconstructed gradient filter bed, the updated dual-front isolation bed depth, and the updated residual protection bed depth for new pollutants, the gradient filter layer thickness configuration, COD masking front, and new pollutant penetration front are correlated to generate the gradient adsorption regulation state of new pollutants.

[0035] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: by using dual-front positioning and bed depth partitioning reconstruction, the remaining protection capacity of the filter bed can be accurately evaluated, the risk of new pollutants penetrating under high COD interference can be reduced, the utilization rate and adsorption stability of filter media can be improved, and reliable support can be provided for the treatment of water pollution in water bodies with high COD coexistence. Attached Figure Description

[0036] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the following description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0037] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for regulating the gradient adsorption of new pollutants in water bodies with high COD coexistence.

[0038] Figure 2 A flowchart for generating gradient adsorption state sequences.

[0039] Figure 3 A flowchart for determining the gradient bed depth reconstruction amount.

[0040] Figure 4 A flowchart for gradient bed depth reconstruction control.

[0041] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the pressure difference before and after reconstruction.

[0042] Figure 6 This is a graph showing the cumulative adsorption amount difference. Detailed Implementation

[0043] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0044] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0045] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0046] Reference Figures 1-6 This is one embodiment of the present invention, which provides a method for regulating the gradient adsorption of new pollutants in water bodies with high COD coexistence, comprising the following steps:

[0047] S1: For water bodies with high COD coexistence, COD pore masking reduction, competitive adsorption buffer migration, and selective fine filtration capture of new pollutants are performed sequentially to generate gradient adsorption state information along the process and perform state correlation to generate a gradient adsorption state sequence.

[0048] S1.1: Implement macroporous priority interception for water bodies with high COD coexistence. Based on the COD concentration decay and pressure difference increase at different bed depths, determine the degree of occupancy of adsorption pores, reduce the high COD organic load that causes pore occlusion, and generate a COD pore occlusion state.

[0049] Specifically, high-COD coexisting water is fed into a filter layer for COD masking and reduction at the inlet. The macroporous adsorption material preferentially intercepts the macromolecular organic components and colloidal organic components in the high-COD organic load, so that the high-COD organic load is retained in the macroporous channels.

[0050] Multiple bed depth positions were recorded along the direction from the inlet to the outlet. The range of the filter layer between adjacent bed depth positions was defined as the bed depth segment. Water samples were collected at each bed depth position and the COD concentration was measured. At the same time, the pressure difference of each bed depth segment was measured. The difference between the COD concentration at the previous bed depth position and the COD concentration at the next bed depth position was defined as the COD concentration decrease of the corresponding bed depth segment. The difference between the pressure difference of the next bed depth segment and the pressure difference of the previous bed depth segment was defined as the pressure difference increase.

[0051] When a certain bed depth segment satisfies the condition that the COD concentration decrease of multiple consecutive adjacent segments is less than that of the current segment and the pressure difference increase is greater than that of the current segment, the corresponding bed depth segment is marked as the adsorption orifice occupied segment. The degree of adsorption orifice occupancy is determined by combining the consecutively marked bed depth lengths and the cumulative value of the pressure difference increase within the adsorption orifice occupied segment. The bed depth position, COD concentration decrease, pressure difference increase, and degree of adsorption orifice occupancy corresponding to the adsorption orifice occupied segment are correlated to generate the COD orifice masking state.

[0052] S1.2: Based on the COD pore masking state, mesoporous transition adsorption is performed on high COD coexisting water bodies that have been reduced by COD pore masking. The competitive site occupancy difference and adsorption load migration ranking are performed according to the changes in COD residual concentration and new pollutant concentration along the process to generate competitive adsorption migration state.

[0053] Specifically, based on the COD pore masking state, the high COD coexisting water flowing out of the filter layer outlet for COD pore masking reduction is identified as high COD coexisting water reduced by COD pore masking, and the high COD coexisting water reduced by COD pore masking enters the filter layer for mesoporous transition adsorption, which is used for competitive adsorption buffer migration.

[0054] Multiple bed depth positions are set from the inlet to the outlet. The range of filter layer between adjacent bed depth positions is defined as the bed depth section. The COD concentration and the concentration of new pollutants are measured at each bed depth position, and the measured COD concentration is determined as the residual COD concentration.

[0055] The ratio of the decrease in COD residual concentration at the previous bed depth relative to the decrease in COD residual concentration at the next bed depth to the COD residual concentration at the filter inlet end used for competitive adsorption buffer migration is determined as the COD residual concentration decrease ratio. The ratio of the decrease in new pollutant concentration at the previous bed depth relative to the decrease in new pollutant concentration at the next bed depth to the new pollutant concentration at the filter inlet end used for competitive adsorption buffer migration is determined as the new pollutant concentration decrease ratio. The difference between the COD residual concentration decrease ratio and the new pollutant concentration decrease ratio corresponding to the same bed depth segment is determined as the competitive site occupancy difference (used to characterize the relative migration trend of COD residual concentration decay and new pollutant concentration decay along the bed depth direction, and not as the actual occupancy of adsorption sites).

[0056] The competitive site occupancy difference is arranged according to the bed depth position from the inlet to the outlet. The first bed depth segment where the competitive site occupancy difference turns from positive to negative is determined as the adsorption load migration initiation segment. Subsequent bed depth segments are arranged according to the bed depth position starting from the adsorption load migration initiation segment to determine the adsorption load migration order. The bed depth position, COD residual concentration, new pollutant concentration, competitive site occupancy difference and adsorption load migration order are correlated to generate the competitive adsorption migration state.

[0057] S1.3: Based on the competitive adsorption migration state, polar affinity matching and micropore size screening are performed on high COD coexisting water bodies that have migrated through competitive adsorption buffer to capture residual new pollutants and generate gradient adsorption process state information.

[0058] Specifically, based on the competitive adsorption and migration state, the high COD coexisting water body flowing out of the filter layer used for competitive adsorption and buffer migration is identified as the high COD coexisting water body that has undergone competitive adsorption and buffer migration. This high COD coexisting water body that has undergone competitive adsorption and buffer migration enters the filter layer used for selective fine filtration and capture of new pollutants. The residual new pollutants are captured by using oxygen-containing polar functional groups to perform polar affinity matching, and the micropore size is screened according to the correspondence between the micropore size and the molecular size of the residual new pollutants.

[0059] Multiple sampling and pressure measurement locations along the flow direction of the high COD coexisting water body are used to determine the bed depth based on the actual distance from each sampling location to the inlet. The filter layer is identified based on its COD pore masking and reduction, competitive adsorption buffering migration, and selective fine filtration and capture of new pollutants corresponding to each bed depth location. Water samples are collected at each bed depth location, and the COD concentration and new pollutant concentration are measured respectively. The pressure difference is determined by the pressure difference between adjacent pressure measurement locations, and the pressure difference information is correlated to the downstream bed depth location. The bed depth location, filter layer identification, COD concentration, new pollutant concentration, and pressure difference information corresponding to the same bed depth location are correlated to generate gradient adsorption process state information.

[0060] The gradient adsorption process status information includes bed depth, filter layer identification, COD concentration, new pollutant concentration, and pressure difference information.

[0061] S1.4: Based on the gradient adsorption state information, the COD concentration, new pollutant concentration and pressure difference information corresponding to the same bed depth are encapsulated in the same position. The COD concentration difference, new pollutant concentration difference and pressure difference between adjacent bed depths are calculated. The COD concentration difference, new pollutant concentration difference and pressure difference corresponding to the same pair of adjacent bed depths are bound as state inheritance tags. The state inheritance tags are connected according to the bed depth to generate a gradient adsorption state sequence.

[0062] Specifically, based on the gradient adsorption process state information, the bed depth positions are arranged from the inlet to the outlet according to the bed depth position. The bed depth position is used as the association index to group the filter layer identifier, COD concentration, new pollutant concentration and pressure difference information corresponding to the same bed depth position into the same position, thus completing the in-situ encapsulation.

[0063] Two adjacent bed depth positions in the arrangement sequence are defined as a pair of adjacent bed depth positions, and the COD concentration difference, new pollutant concentration difference and pressure difference between adjacent bed depth positions are calculated.

[0064] The expression for calculating the COD concentration difference is:

[0065] ;

[0066] in, The difference in COD concentration between adjacent bed depths. This represents the COD concentration at the previous bed depth. This represents the COD concentration at the next bed depth. The COD concentration at the inlet water end. The bed depth positions are numbered sequentially from the inlet to the outlet.

[0067] The expression for calculating the concentration difference of new pollutants is:

[0068] ;

[0069] in, The difference in the concentration of new pollutants between adjacent bed depths. This indicates the concentration of new pollutants at the previous bed depth. This indicates the concentration of new pollutants at the next bed depth. This indicates the concentration of new pollutants at the inlet.

[0070] The expression for calculating the pressure difference is:

[0071] ;

[0072] in, This represents the pressure difference between adjacent bed depth locations. This indicates the differential pressure information corresponding to the previous bed depth position; This indicates the differential pressure information corresponding to the next bed depth position; This indicates the upper limit of the allowable pressure difference of the filter layer.

[0073] It should be noted that the upper limit of the allowable differential pressure of the filter bed refers to the maximum pressure difference that can occur between the inlet and outlet sides of the filter bed under the conditions of maintaining normal water flow in the filter bed and preventing excessive compaction, breakage, blockage, and water flow deviation of the filter media. The upper limit of the allowable differential pressure of the filter bed is determined jointly based on the pressure bearing capacity of the filter bed, the pressure that the water supply pump can provide, the allowable degree of compaction of the filter media, and the differential pressure benchmark at the beginning of normal operation.

[0074] The previous bed depth position, the next bed depth position, the COD concentration difference, the new pollutant concentration difference, and the pressure difference corresponding to the same pair of adjacent bed depth positions are bound as state acceptance marks. According to the bed depth position sequence from the inlet end to the outlet end, the state acceptance marks with the same next bed depth position as the previous state acceptance mark are connected in sequence to generate a gradient adsorption state sequence.

[0075] S2: Perform path threshold cross-location on the gradient adsorption state sequence to determine the COD masking front and the new pollutant penetration front, and perform bed depth difference and outlet margin back calculation to obtain the double front isolation bed depth and the remaining protection bed depth of the new pollutant. Then, perform safety bed depth gap precipitation and segmented reconstruction mapping on the double front isolation bed depth and the remaining protection bed depth of the new pollutant to determine the gradient bed depth reconstruction amount.

[0076] S2.1: Based on the gradient adsorption state sequence, the corresponding COD concentration, new pollutant concentration and pressure difference information are encoded according to the bed depth position to obtain the bed depth position mark. The COD concentration, new pollutant concentration and pressure difference information under the same bed depth position mark are coupled and encapsulated to generate a three-parameter response chain along the process.

[0077] Specifically, based on the gradient adsorption state sequence, the bed depth positions are arranged in ascending order of distance from each bed depth position to the water inlet, and consecutive position numbers are assigned sequentially starting from the water inlet. The position numbers are then bound to the corresponding bed depth positions to obtain the bed depth position markers.

[0078] Using bed depth sequence markers as associated indexes, the COD concentration, new pollutant concentration, and pressure difference information corresponding to the same bed depth position are encapsulated into the same three-parameter state record, so that each bed depth sequence marker corresponds to a set of COD concentration, new pollutant concentration, and pressure difference information.

[0079] According to the arrangement order of the bed depth position markers from the inlet to the outlet, the three-parameter state records are sequentially connected by the state succession markers between adjacent bed depth positions in the gradient adsorption state sequence to generate a three-parameter response chain along the process.

[0080] It should be noted that the three-parameter response chain along the flow path refers to an ordered state chain formed by encapsulating the COD concentration, new pollutant concentration, and pressure difference information corresponding to each bed depth position according to the bed depth sequence from the inlet to the outlet, and connecting them sequentially using state succession markers between adjacent bed depth positions. This provides a unified data foundation for encoding the COD masking and new pollutant penetration states, locating the COD masking front and the new pollutant penetration front, and calculating the bed depth for double-front isolation and the remaining protective bed depth for new pollutants.

[0081] S2.2: Based on the three-parameter response chain along the flow path, the bed depth sequence markers that continuously reach the COD concentration decay threshold and the pressure difference accumulation threshold along the direction from the inlet to the outlet are encoded as COD masking occupancy states, and the bed depth sequence markers that continuously reach the new pollutant concentration rebound threshold are encoded as new pollutant penetration occupancy states, thus generating a double-front occupancy chain.

[0082] Specifically, based on the three-parameter response chain along the process, the COD concentration and new pollutant concentration corresponding to the bed depth sequence markers at the inlet end are used as concentration benchmarks. The ratio of the difference between the COD concentration at the inlet end and the COD concentration corresponding to each bed depth sequence marker to the COD concentration at the inlet end is determined as the COD concentration decay ratio. The pressure difference information between the inlet end and each bed depth sequence marker is accumulated sequentially to determine the pressure difference cumulative value. The ratio of the new pollutant concentration corresponding to each bed depth sequence marker to the new pollutant concentration at the inlet end is determined as the new pollutant concentration recovery ratio.

[0083] The COD concentration attenuation threshold is determined based on the attenuation ratio between the influent COD concentration and the controlled COD concentration in the effluent, with a range of values ​​as follows: The upper limit of the allowable differential pressure of the filter layer is determined as the differential pressure accumulation threshold, and the value range is: The threshold for the resurgence of new pollutant concentration is determined based on the ratio of the controlled concentration of new pollutant in the effluent to the concentration of new pollutant at the influent. The range of values ​​is as follows: .

[0084] According to the arrangement order of the bed depth sequence markers from the inlet to the outlet, adjacent bed depth sequence markers that simultaneously meet the conditions of COD concentration decay ratio reaching the COD concentration decay threshold and pressure difference accumulation reaching the pressure difference accumulation threshold are encoded as COD masking occupation states. Bed depth sequence markers that continuously meet the conditions of new pollutant concentration rebound ratio reaching the new pollutant concentration rebound threshold from the inlet are encoded as new pollutant penetration occupation states. The COD masking occupation states and new pollutant penetration occupation states are connected according to the bed depth sequence markers to generate a double frontal occupation chain.

[0085] It should be noted that the dual-frontal occupancy chain is an ordered chain formed by connecting the COD masking occupancy state and the new pollutant penetration occupancy state according to the bed depth sequence. It is used to characterize the continuous distribution of the frontal line in the filter bed and to provide a basis for determining the COD masking frontal line, the new pollutant penetration frontal line, and the bed depth of the dual-frontal isolation.

[0086] S2.3: Based on the dual-frontal occupancy chain, the COD masking occupancy status is tracked in the forward direction, and the terminating bed depth sequence marker of continuous occupancy is determined as the COD masking front. The new pollutant penetration occupancy status is also tracked in the forward direction, and the terminating bed depth sequence marker of continuous occupancy is determined as the new pollutant penetration front.

[0087] Specifically, based on the double-frontal occupancy chain, the bed depth sequence markers are arranged in the order from the inlet to the outlet. Starting from the bed depth sequence marker corresponding to the first COD masking occupancy state on the inlet side, the tracking proceeds position by position towards the outlet side. When the adjacent bed depth sequence markers along the tracking direction are still encoded as COD masking occupancy states, the tracking continues. When the adjacent bed depth sequence markers along the tracking direction are not encoded as COD masking occupancy states, the tracking stops, and the bed depth sequence marker corresponding to the last COD masking occupancy state before the tracking stops is determined as the COD masking front.

[0088] According to the arrangement order of the bed depth sequence markers from the inlet end to the outlet end, starting from the bed depth sequence marker corresponding to the first new pollutant penetration and occupancy state on the inlet end side, the tracking is carried out position by position towards the outlet end. When the adjacent bed depth sequence markers along the tracking direction are still encoded as new pollutant penetration and occupancy states, the tracking continues. When the adjacent bed depth sequence markers along the tracking direction are not encoded as new pollutant penetration and occupancy states, the tracking stops, and the bed depth sequence marker corresponding to the last new pollutant penetration and occupancy state before the tracking stops is determined as the new pollutant penetration front.

[0089] It should be noted that the new pollutant penetration front is the termination bed depth position corresponding to when the concentration of the new pollutant continuously reaches the rebound threshold along the bed depth direction. It is used to characterize the deepest range where the new pollutant has effectively penetrated and to provide a basis for calculating the remaining protective bed depth of the new pollutant and determining the thickening position of the filter bed.

[0090] S2.4: Map the bed depth sequence markers of the COD masking front and the new pollutant penetration front to the corresponding bed depth positions respectively, and perform opposite reversal occupation starting from the bed depth position. The bed depth length where no occupation overlap occurs is determined as the double front isolation bed depth.

[0091] Specifically, the bed depth sequence markers corresponding to the COD masking front and the new pollutant penetration front are respectively mapped to the bed depth positions in the gradient adsorption process state information to determine the bed depth positions of the COD masking front and the new pollutant penetration front.

[0092] Arrange the bed depth sections between the COD shielding front bed depth position and the new pollutant penetration front bed depth position in the order from the inlet end to the outlet end. Mark an adjacent bed depth section from the COD shielding front bed depth position towards the outlet end, and mark an adjacent bed depth section from the new pollutant penetration front bed depth position towards the inlet end. The marking of bed depth sections is carried out alternately between the two directions to form a counter-current occupancy.

[0093] When the bed depth segment to be marked has been marked from the opposite direction, the reversal and repositioning stop. The bed depth segment marked from only one direction is determined as the bed depth segment without overlapping positions. The bed depth lengths corresponding to the bed depth segments without overlapping positions are accumulated to determine the double frontal isolation bed depth.

[0094] It should be noted that the double-front isolation bed depth is the bed depth length between the COD masking front and the new pollutant penetration front without any overlap. It is used to characterize the effective buffer distance between the COD competitive adsorption zone and the new pollutant penetration zone, and to provide a basis for judging the safe bed depth gap and reconstructing the gradient bed depth.

[0095] S2.5: Based on the new pollutant penetration front, the bed depth position corresponding to the new pollutant penetration front is reversed and the bed depth position at the effluent end in the gradient adsorption state sequence is tracked. The length of bed depth between the two bed depth positions that is not covered by the new pollutant penetration occupation state is determined as the remaining protective bed depth of the new pollutant.

[0096] Specifically, based on the breakthrough front of the new pollutant, the bed depth sequence marker corresponding to the breakthrough front of the new pollutant is matched with the bed depth position in the gradient adsorption state information to determine the bed depth position of the breakthrough front of the new pollutant, and the bed depth position at the end of the gradient adsorption state sequence is determined as the effluent bed depth position.

[0097] The filter layer range between the bed depth position of the new pollutant penetration front and the bed depth position of the effluent end is determined as the bed depth segment. Reverse occupancy tracking is performed segment by segment in the direction from the bed depth position of the effluent end to the bed depth position of the new pollutant penetration front. The bed depth segments whose corresponding bed depth sequence markers have been encoded as the new pollutant penetration occupancy state are marked as penetration coverage segments, and the bed depth segments whose corresponding bed depth sequence markers have not been encoded as the new pollutant penetration occupancy state are marked as protection bed depth segments. The bed depth lengths corresponding to the protection bed depth segments are accumulated to determine the remaining protection bed depth for the new pollutant.

[0098] S2.6: Based on the double-front isolation bed depth and the remaining protection bed depth for new pollutants, using the COD masking front, the new pollutant penetration front, and the bed depth position at the effluent end as anchor points, perform forward spreading between the fronts and reverse spreading on the effluent side respectively, generating the bed depth occupancy status between the fronts and the spreading bed depth occupancy status on the effluent side. The bed depth positions where the pressure difference information continuously increases along the bed depth direction are marked as candidate positions for bed depth reduction and excluded from the spreading bed depth occupancy status. The bed depth positions jointly covered by the spreading bed depth occupancy status between the fronts and the spreading bed depth occupancy status on the effluent side are merged and retained once to generate a reconfigurable bed depth gap chain.

[0099] Specifically, the minimum double-front isolation bed depth corresponding to simultaneously meeting the COD effluent control concentration, the new pollutant effluent control concentration, and the upper limit of the allowable differential pressure of the filter bed is determined as the baseline value of the double-front safety isolation bed depth, and the corresponding minimum remaining protection bed depth for new pollutants is determined as the baseline value of the new pollutant safety protection bed depth. When the double-front isolation bed depth is lower than the baseline value of the double-front safety isolation bed depth, the difference between the baseline value and the double-front isolation bed depth is determined as the isolation bed depth gap; otherwise, the isolation bed depth gap is determined to be zero. When the remaining protection bed depth for new pollutants is lower than the baseline value of the new pollutant safety protection bed depth, the difference between the baseline value and the remaining protection bed depth for new pollutants is determined as the protection bed depth gap; otherwise, the protection bed depth gap is determined to be zero.

[0100] Based on the double-front isolation bed depth and the remaining protection bed depth for new pollutants, the bed depth positions corresponding to the COD shielding front, the bed depth positions corresponding to the new pollutant penetration front, and the bed depth positions at the effluent end are respectively used as anchor points, and the filter layer range between adjacent bed depth positions is determined as the bed depth section.

[0101] Starting from the bed depth position corresponding to the COD shielding front, mark the bed depth sections segment by segment along the direction from the inlet to the outlet until the cumulative bed depth length of the marked bed depth sections reaches the isolation bed depth gap. Encode the bed depth position corresponding to the marked bed depth section as the bed depth occupancy status between the front edges.

[0102] Starting from the bed depth position at the outlet end, mark the bed depth section segment by segment along the direction from the outlet end to the new pollutant penetration front until the cumulative bed depth length of the marked bed depth section reaches the protection bed depth gap. Encode the bed depth position corresponding to the marked bed depth section as the occupancy status of the spread bed depth on the outlet side.

[0103] The differential pressure information is compared sequentially from the inlet to the outlet. Bed depth positions where the differential pressure of the next bed depth position is continuously greater than that of the previous bed depth position are marked as continuously increasing differential pressure bed depth positions. These continuously increasing differential pressure bed depth positions are removed from the inter-frontal bed depth occupancy status and the outlet-side bed depth occupancy status, while retaining the correspondence between continuously increasing differential pressure bed depth positions and differential pressure information. Bed depth positions that are simultaneously coded as inter-frontal bed depth occupancy status and outlet-side bed depth occupancy status are merged and retained once. The remaining bed depth positions are then connected sequentially to generate a reconfigurable bed depth gap chain.

[0104] It should be noted that the reconfigurable bed depth gap chain is an ordered chain formed by connecting gap segments that can be used for bed depth compensation between the two fronts and behind the new pollutant penetration front in bed depth sequence. It is used to clarify the position of the bed depth that can be thickened and adjusted, and to provide a basis for the allocation of gradient bed depth reconstruction amount and bed depth adjustment.

[0105] S2.7: The gap segments in the reconfigurable bed depth gap chain located between the new pollutant penetration front and the bed depth position at the effluent end are spliced ​​together in a reverse spreading sequence on the outlet side to generate a protective bed depth compensation segment. The gap segments located between the COD shielding front and the new pollutant penetration front are spliced ​​together in a forward spreading sequence between the fronts to generate an isolation bed depth compensation segment. The protective bed depth compensation segment and the isolation bed depth compensation segment are then stacked in a segmented relay to determine the gradient bed depth reconstruction amount.

[0106] Specifically, based on the reconfigurable bed depth gap chain, consecutive adjacent bed depth positions are grouped into gap segments according to the bed depth position, and the range of each gap segment is determined according to the COD masking front, the new pollutant penetration front, and the bed depth position at the effluent end.

[0107] The gaps between the new pollutant penetration front and the bed depth at the outlet end are sequentially spliced ​​together in the reverse order of the outlet end pointing towards the new pollutant penetration front, and the bed depth lengths corresponding to each gap are accumulated to generate a protective bed depth compensation section.

[0108] The gaps between the COD shielding front and the new pollutant penetration front are spliced ​​together sequentially in the forward spreading order from the COD shielding front to the new pollutant penetration front, and the bed depth lengths corresponding to each gap are accumulated to generate isolation bed depth compensation segments.

[0109] The bed depth length corresponding to the superimposed protective bed depth compensation segment is then superimposed, followed by the bed depth length corresponding to the isolation bed depth compensation segment. The repeated bed depth length corresponding to the same bed depth position is retained once to complete the segmented relay superposition and determine the gradient bed depth reconstruction amount.

[0110] S3: Based on the gradient bed depth reconstruction amount, with the COD masking front and the new pollutant penetration front as the boundary, the bed depth position in the gradient adsorption state information is partitioned and assigned to determine the bed depth adjustment amount. The bed depth adjustment amount is then mapped to the bed depth segment between the two fronts and behind the new pollutant penetration front for relay arrangement to generate the gradient bed depth regulation sequence.

[0111] S3.1: Based on the reconfigurable bed depth gap chain, with the COD shielding front and the new pollutant penetration front as the boundary, the gap segments in the reconfigurable bed depth gap chain located between the COD shielding front and the new pollutant penetration front are sequentially connected to the corresponding bed depth positions to form the front isolation gap sub-chain, and the gap segments located between the new pollutant penetration front and the effluent bed depth position are sequentially connected to the corresponding bed depth positions to form the effluent protection gap sub-chain.

[0112] Specifically, based on the reconfigurable bed depth notch chain, the bed depth positions in the reconfigurable bed depth notch chain are arranged in order from the inlet end to the outlet end. Continuous adjacent bed depth positions in the gradient adsorption process state information are connected into the same notch segment, and the connection is broken at the discontinuous positions of adjacent bed depth positions.

[0113] Using the bed depth corresponding to the COD shielding front and the bed depth corresponding to the new pollutant penetration front as the boundary, the gap segments located between the COD shielding front and the new pollutant penetration front are connected sequentially according to the bed depth positions from the inlet to the outlet to generate a front isolation gap sub-chain.

[0114] Using the bed depth position corresponding to the new pollutant penetration front and the bed depth position at the outlet as the boundary, the gap segments located between the new pollutant penetration front and the bed depth position at the outlet are connected sequentially according to the bed depth position from the inlet to the outlet to generate the outlet protection gap sub-chain.

[0115] S3.2: Based on the pressure difference information corresponding to the front isolation gap sub-chain and the outlet protection gap sub-chain, reverse occupancy is performed on the outlet protection gap sub-chain from the effluent end to the new pollutant penetration front, and reverse occupancy is performed on the front isolation gap sub-chain from the new pollutant penetration front to the COD shielding front. The bed depth positions where the pressure difference information continuously increases along the bed depth direction are collected into a bed depth reduction position set, and the bed depth positions before and after the bed depth reduction position are connected to generate a bidirectional adjustable bed depth chain.

[0116] Specifically, based on the front isolation gap subchain and the outlet protection gap subchain, the pressure difference information corresponding to each bed depth position in the gradient adsorption process state information is associated with the front isolation gap subchain and the outlet protection gap subchain, respectively.

[0117] The bed depth positions in the outlet protection gap sub-chain are arranged according to the direction from the outlet end to the new pollutant penetration front, and are assigned a reverse occupancy order in sequence. The bed depth positions in the front isolation gap sub-chain are arranged according to the direction from the new pollutant penetration front to the COD shielding front, and are assigned a reverse occupancy order in sequence.

[0118] Based on the correspondence between the retained candidate locations for bed depth reduction and the differential pressure information, the candidate locations for bed depth reduction are arranged in order from the inlet to the outlet to generate a set of bed depth reduction locations.

[0119] Connect the remaining bed depth positions in the leading edge isolation gap sub-chain and the exit protection gap sub-chain according to the original occupancy order, and then connect the reverse occupancy order of the exit protection gap sub-chain with the reverse occupancy order of the leading edge isolation gap sub-chain in sequence to generate a bidirectional adjustable bed depth chain.

[0120] S3.3: Based on the gradient bed depth reconstruction amount, the double frontal isolation bed depth, and the remaining protection bed depth for new pollutants, a reverse relay allocation with priority to exit protection is performed on the bidirectional adjustable bed depth chain. The gradient bed depth reconstruction amount is mapped to the exit protection gap sub-chain. The gradient bed depth reconstruction amount is allocated according to the reverse occupancy order of the exit protection gap sub-chain. The gradient bed depth reconstruction amount retained after the allocation of the exit protection gap sub-chain is completed is allocated again according to the reverse occupancy order of the frontal isolation gap sub-chain to determine the bed depth adjustment amount.

[0121] Specifically, based on the gradient bed depth reconstruction amount, the double frontal isolation bed depth, and the remaining protection bed depth for new pollutants, the bed depth range from the effluent end to the new pollutant penetration front accumulated to the new pollutant remaining protection bed depth is determined as the outlet protection allocation range, and the bed depth range from the new pollutant penetration front to the COD shielding front accumulated to the double frontal isolation bed depth is determined as the frontal isolation allocation range.

[0122] Using the gradient bed depth reconstruction amount as the total bed depth to be allocated, the total bed depth to be allocated is sequentially distributed to the bed depth segments marked at each bed depth position within the allocation range of the exit protection gap subchain according to the reverse occupancy order of the exit protection gap subchain. The allocation amount at a single bed depth position does not exceed the length of the corresponding bed depth segment. After the exit protection allocation is completed, the gradient bed depth reconstruction amount that has not yet been allocated is continued to be distributed to the bed depth segments marked at each bed depth position within the allocation range of the frontal isolation gap subchain according to the reverse occupancy order of the frontal isolation gap subchain.

[0123] The bed depth increase adjustment is calculated by calculating the allocation amount of the bed depth segments marked at each bed depth position in the export protection gap subchain and the front isolation gap subchain. The bed depth reduction adjustment is calculated according to the arrangement order of the bed depth reduction position set, and the bed depth reduction adjustment is equal to the sum of the bed depth increase adjustment. The bed depth reduction adjustment of a single bed depth reduction position does not exceed the length of the corresponding bed depth segment. The bed depth increase adjustment and the bed depth reduction adjustment are determined as the bed depth adjustment amount.

[0124] The expression for calculating the adjustment amount of bed depth increase is:

[0125] ;

[0126] in, Add adjustment amount to bed depth. For the first The length of bed depth that can be increased by the marked bed depth section at each bed depth increase location. To protect the bed depth length corresponding to the bed depth compensation section, The length of the bed depth corresponding to the isolation bed depth compensation section. To protect the overlapping bed depth length at the same bed depth position between the bed depth compensation section and the isolation bed depth compensation section, To indicate the first The total amount of bed depth increase adjustment that has been allocated before each bed depth increase position. Add a position number to the bed depths that have already been assigned. Add a position number to the bed depth.

[0127] The expression for calculating the bed depth reduction adjustment is:

[0128] ;

[0129] in, Adjustment amount for bed depth reduction, For the first The length of bed depth that can be reduced in the bed depth section marked at each bed depth reduction location. Increase the number of positions to increase bed depth. Add the total adjustment amount to the already calculated bed depth. To be arranged in the th order The total length of bed depth that can be reduced before the bed depth reduction position.

[0130] S3.4: Based on the bed depth adjustment amount, arrange the corresponding bed depth positions in the reverse occupancy order of the exit protection gap subchain, continue to arrange the corresponding bed depth positions in the reverse occupancy order of the leading edge isolation gap subchain, and continue to arrange the bed depth reduction positions in the order of the bed depth reduction positions. Perform occupancy and blanking on the repeated bed depth positions to generate a gradient bed depth control sequence.

[0131] Specifically, based on the bed depth adjustment amount, the bed depth positions and the amount of bed depth increase adjustment are obtained by sequentially arranging the sub-chain of the outlet protection gap from the effluent end to the new pollutant penetration front in reverse order.

[0132] After completing the arrangement of the export protection gap sub-chain, the bed depth positions and bed depth increase adjustment amounts are arranged according to the reverse order of the front isolation gap sub-chain from the new pollutant penetration front to the COD shielding front. After completing the arrangement of the front isolation gap sub-chain, the bed depth reduction positions and bed depth reduction adjustment amounts are arranged according to the order of the pressure difference information corresponding to the concentrated bed depth positions from large to small.

[0133] For repeated bed depth positions, bed depth adjustments in the same direction are merged, and bed depth adjustments in opposite directions are canceled out. When the canceled bed depth adjustment is zero, the repeated bed depth position is deleted. When the canceled bed depth adjustment is not zero, the position is retained once at the first occurrence position and the remaining bed depth adjustment is recorded to generate a gradient bed depth control sequence.

[0134] S4: Based on the gradient bed depth control sequence, the bed depth of the marked bed depth section is adjusted according to the bed depth adjustment amount to obtain the reconstructed gradient filter bed. The high COD coexisting water body flows through the reconstructed gradient filter bed for gradient adsorption, updates the double front isolation bed depth and the remaining protection bed depth of new pollutants, and generates the gradient adsorption control state of new pollutants.

[0135] S4.1: Based on the gradient bed depth control sequence, according to the arrangement order of each bed depth position, the bed depth increase adjustment is used for the thickening configuration of the filter layer corresponding to the filter layer identifier at the bed depth position, and the bed depth reduction adjustment is used for the thinning configuration of the filter layer corresponding to the filter layer identifier at the bed depth position, thereby generating a gradient filter layer thickness configuration.

[0136] Specifically, based on the gradient bed depth control sequence, the bed depth position, bed depth adjustment direction and bed depth adjustment amount are arranged in the order of arrangement, and each bed depth position is matched with the same bed depth position in the gradient adsorption process state information to determine the filter layer identifier corresponding to the bed depth position.

[0137] The bed depth adjustment amount that increases the bed depth is classified into the thickening configuration with the same filter layer identifier, and the bed depth adjustment amount that decreases the bed depth is classified into the thinning configuration with the same filter layer identifier. The thickening configuration amount and thinning configuration amount under the same filter layer identifier are summarized respectively, and the thickening configuration amount and thinning configuration amount with opposite directions are offset by equal amount.

[0138] The adjustment direction and adjustment amount retained after offsetting are used as the thickness configuration of the filter layer corresponding to the filter layer identifier, and the thickness configuration of each filter layer is arranged according to the flow order of the high COD coexisting water body to generate a gradient filter layer thickness configuration.

[0139] S4.2: According to the gradient filter layer thickness configuration, the filter layers used for COD pore masking and reduction, competitive adsorption buffer migration and selective fine filtration capture of new pollutants are reconfigured respectively, and the reconfigured filter layers are connected according to the flow sequence of the high COD coexisting water body to generate a reconstructed gradient filter bed.

[0140] Specifically, based on the gradient filter layer thickness configuration, the target packing thicknesses for the filter layers used for COD pore masking and reduction, the filter layers used for competitive adsorption and buffering migration, and the filter layers used for selective fine filtration and capture of new pollutants are determined respectively.

[0141] Stop the inflow of high COD coexisting water and drain the filter bed. Disassemble the boundary of each filter layer, re-measure and refill the original adsorbent material of each filter layer according to the target filling thickness. Increase the corresponding filling thickness for filter layers with increased bed depth and decrease the corresponding filling thickness for filter layers with reduced bed depth. Compact each filter layer to the target filling thickness. After verifying that the total filling thickness of the three filter layers is consistent with the total bed depth of the filter bed before reconfiguration, arrange the filter layers for COD pore masking and reduction, filter layers for competitive adsorption and buffering migration, and filter layers for selective fine filtration and capture of new pollutants in sequence according to the flow direction of the high COD coexisting water, so that the end faces of adjacent filter layers are continuously connected to generate a reconstructed gradient filter bed.

[0142] S4.3: High COD coexisting water bodies are sequentially flowed through a reconstructed gradient filter bed for gradient adsorption. COD concentration, new pollutant concentration and pressure difference information are collected at each depth of the reconstructed gradient filter bed to generate adjusted gradient adsorption process state information.

[0143] Specifically, high-COD coexisting water bodies flow sequentially from the inlet through a reconstructed gradient filter bed, consisting of a filter layer for COD pore masking and reduction, a filter layer for competitive adsorption and buffering migration, and a filter layer for selective fine filtration and capture of new pollutants, thus completing gradient adsorption.

[0144] Following the same bed depth spacing as before reconstruction, sampling and pressure measurement positions were set at the inlet of the reconstructed gradient filter bed, inside the filter layer used for COD pore masking and reduction, inside the filter layer used for competitive adsorption and buffering migration, inside the filter layer used for selective fine filtration and capture of new pollutants, at the boundary of each filter layer, and at the outlet. The bed depth positions recorded by the gradient bed depth control sequence were included within the coverage area of ​​the sampling and pressure measurement positions. Water samples were collected at each sampling position, and the COD concentration and the concentration of new pollutants were measured respectively. Pressure values ​​were measured at each pressure measurement position, and the difference between the corresponding pressure values ​​of adjacent bed depth positions was determined as the pressure difference information.

[0145] The bed depth is determined by the actual distance from each sampling location to the inlet, and the filter layer is identified by the filter layer at each bed depth. The filter layer identification, COD concentration, new pollutant concentration and pressure difference information corresponding to the same bed depth are associated and arranged in order from the inlet to the outlet to generate the adjusted gradient adsorption process state information.

[0146] like Figure 5The diagram illustrates the changes in differential pressure information along the flow path for each bed depth segment before and after the first bed depth zoning reconstruction of this invention. Before reconstruction, high-COD coexisting water flows sequentially through an initially configured COD pore masking and reduction filter layer, a competitive adsorption buffer migration filter layer, and a new pollutant selective fine filtration and capture filter layer. The pressure difference between adjacent pressure measurement locations is used as the differential pressure information for the corresponding bed depth segment. Subsequently, based on the gradient adsorption flow path information, the COD masking front and the new pollutant penetration front are located, and the double-front isolation bed depth and the remaining protective bed depth for new pollutants are obtained. Based on this, the gradient bed depth reconstruction amount is determined. During reconstruction, bed depth locations where the differential pressure information continuously increases along the bed depth direction are included in the bed depth reduction location set to avoid further thickening in high-resistance areas. The adjustable bed depth is preferentially configured between the new pollutant penetration front and the effluent end, and the remaining bed depth is configured between the two fronts to form a reconstructed gradient filter bed. After reconstruction, differential pressure information is collected again at the same bed depth location. The two curves maintain a similar overall trend and there is no abnormal pressure difference surge, indicating that the present invention can control the accumulation of local resistance while compensating for the outlet protection bed depth and the front isolation bed depth, thus taking into account both the adsorption capacity of new pollutants and the hydraulic operation stability of the filter bed.

[0147] S4.4: Based on the adjusted gradient adsorption process state information, perform process threshold cross-location to determine the COD masking front and the new pollutant penetration front. Update the bed depth length between the corresponding bed depth positions of the COD masking front and the new pollutant penetration front to the double front isolation bed depth. Update the bed depth length between the corresponding bed depth position of the new pollutant penetration front and the effluent bed depth position that is not covered by the new pollutant penetration occupation state to the new pollutant remaining protection bed depth.

[0148] Specifically, based on the adjusted gradient adsorption process state information, the bed depth sequence is encoded according to the bed depth position from the inlet to the outlet, and the COD concentration, new pollutant concentration and pressure difference information corresponding to the same bed depth sequence are coupled and encapsulated.

[0149] Based on the COD concentration decay threshold determined by the COD concentration at the inlet and the COD control concentration at the effluent, the pressure difference accumulation threshold determined by the upper limit of the allowable pressure difference of the filter bed, and the new pollutant concentration rebound threshold determined by the ratio of the new pollutant control concentration at the effluent to the new pollutant concentration at the inlet, the bed depth sequence markers that continuously reach the COD concentration decay threshold and the pressure difference accumulation threshold are coded as COD masking occupancy status, and the bed depth sequence markers that continuously reach the new pollutant concentration rebound threshold are coded as new pollutant penetration occupancy status.

[0150] The COD masking and occupancy status is tracked from the inlet to the outlet, and the terminating bed depth sequence of continuous occupancy is determined as the COD masking front. The new pollutant penetration and occupancy status is tracked from the outlet to the inlet, and the terminating bed depth sequence of continuous occupancy is determined as the new pollutant penetration front.

[0151] The COD shielding front and the new pollutant penetration front are mapped to the corresponding bed depth positions respectively. The bed depth length between the two bed depth positions is updated to the double front isolation bed depth. The length of the bed depth section that is not coded as the new pollutant penetration and occupation state between the bed depth position corresponding to the new pollutant penetration front and the bed depth position at the effluent end is accumulated to update the remaining protection bed depth for the new pollutant.

[0152] S4.5: Based on the reconstructed gradient filter bed, the updated dual-front isolation bed depth, and the updated new pollutant residual protection bed depth, the gradient filter layer thickness configuration, COD masking front, and new pollutant penetration front are correlated to generate the new pollutant gradient adsorption regulation state.

[0153] Specifically, based on the reconstructed gradient filter bed, filter layers for COD pore masking and reduction, filter layers for competitive adsorption and buffering migration, and filter layers for selective fine filtration and capture of new pollutants are arranged according to the flow order of water bodies with high COD coexistence. The filling thickness corresponding to each filter layer identifier in the gradient filter layer thickness configuration is associated with the filter layer corresponding to the same filter layer identifier in the reconstructed gradient filter bed.

[0154] The COD masking front and the new pollutant penetration front are respectively associated with the corresponding bed depth positions in the adjusted gradient adsorption process state information to determine the filter layer identifiers corresponding to the COD masking front and the new pollutant penetration front. The updated double-front isolation bed depth is associated with the bed depth positions corresponding to the COD masking front and the new pollutant penetration front, and the updated new pollutant remaining protection bed depth is associated with the bed depth positions corresponding to the new pollutant penetration front and the effluent bed depth positions.

[0155] The reconstructed gradient filter bed, gradient filter layer thickness configuration, COD masking front, new pollutant penetration front, updated dual-front isolation bed depth, and updated new pollutant residual protection bed depth are encapsulated in situ to generate a new pollutant gradient adsorption regulation state.

[0156] like Figure 6The diagram illustrates the comparison of the effects of different control methods on the distribution of new pollutant adsorption load along the bed depth under combined disturbance conditions. The fixed gradient filter bed group operates continuously according to the thicknesses of the macroporous, mesoporous, and microporous fine filtration layers, without locating the COD masking front or the new pollutant penetration front, nor adjusting the thickness of each filter layer. The outlet index adjustment group only monitors the concentration of new pollutants in the effluent and the total pressure difference of the filter bed. When either index reaches a set threshold, the influent-side filter layer is thinned by a fixed adjustment amount, and the bed depth is increased by an equal amount to the new pollutant selective fine filtration and capture filter layer. The dual-front positioning group locates the COD masking front and the new pollutant penetration front based on the COD concentration, new pollutant concentration, and pressure difference information along the flow path, obtaining the dual-front isolation bed depth and the remaining protective bed depth for new pollutants, while maintaining the original filter layer thickness unchanged. The control group of this invention further identifies safe bed depth gaps, eliminates bed depth positions with continuously increasing pressure difference information, prioritizes allocating gradient bed depth reconstruction to the outlet protection gap sub-chain, and then allocates force to the front isolation gap sub-chain. Figure 6 The difference distribution of the various methods shows that the present invention can reorganize the flow relationship of adsorption load, making the filter media utilization more balanced and reducing the risk of new pollutants migrating to the effluent end prematurely.

[0157] In summary, this invention, through dual-front positioning and bed depth partitioning reconstruction, accurately evaluates the remaining protection capacity of the filter bed, reduces the risk of new pollutant penetration under high COD interference, improves filter media utilization and adsorption stability, and provides reliable support for water pollution control in water bodies with high COD coexistence.

[0158] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for gradient adsorption and regulation of new pollutants in water bodies with high COD coexistence, characterized in that, include: For water bodies with high COD coexistence, COD pore masking reduction, competitive adsorption buffer migration, and selective fine filtration capture of new pollutants are performed sequentially to generate gradient adsorption process state information and perform state correlation to generate a gradient adsorption state sequence. The gradient adsorption process state information includes bed depth, filter layer identification, COD concentration, new pollutant concentration, and pressure difference information. The gradient adsorption state sequence is subjected to along-threshold cross-location to determine the COD masking front and the new pollutant penetration front. Bed depth difference and outlet margin back calculation are performed to obtain the double front isolation bed depth and the remaining protection bed depth of the new pollutant. The safety bed depth gap precipitation and segmented reconstruction mapping are performed on the double front isolation bed depth and the remaining protection bed depth of the new pollutant to determine the gradient bed depth reconstruction amount. Based on the gradient bed depth reconstruction amount, with the COD masking front and the new pollutant penetration front as the boundary, the bed depth position in the gradient adsorption state information is partitioned and assigned to determine the bed depth adjustment amount. The bed depth adjustment amount is then mapped to the bed depth segment between the two fronts and behind the new pollutant penetration front for relay arrangement to generate a gradient bed depth regulation sequence. Based on the gradient bed depth regulation sequence, the bed depth of the marked bed depth section at the corresponding bed depth position is increased or decreased according to the bed depth adjustment amount to obtain the reconstructed gradient filter bed. The high COD coexisting water body flows through the reconstructed gradient filter bed for gradient adsorption, updates the double front isolation bed depth and the remaining protection bed depth of new pollutants, and generates the gradient adsorption regulation state of new pollutants.

2. The method for gradient adsorption and regulation of new pollutants in high COD coexisting water bodies as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process of sequentially performing COD pore masking reduction, competitive adsorption buffering migration, and selective fine filtration capture of new pollutants on high-COD coexisting water bodies generates gradient adsorption process state information. The specific steps are as follows: For water bodies with high COD coexistence, macroporous priority interception is implemented. The degree of occupancy of adsorption pores is determined by the COD concentration decay and pressure difference increase at different bed depths, thereby reducing the high COD organic load that causes pore occupancy and generating a COD pore occupancy occupancy state. Based on the COD pore masking state, mesoporous transition adsorption is performed on high COD coexisting water bodies that have been reduced by COD pore masking. The competitive site occupancy difference and adsorption load migration ranking are performed according to the changes in COD residual concentration and new pollutant concentration along the process to generate competitive adsorption migration state. Based on the competitive adsorption migration state, polar affinity matching and micropore size screening are performed on high COD coexisting water bodies that have migrated through competitive adsorption buffers to capture residual new pollutants and generate gradient adsorption process state information.

3. The method for gradient adsorption and regulation of new pollutants in high COD coexisting water bodies as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The gradient adsorption state sequence is based on the gradient adsorption process state information. It encapsulates the COD concentration, new pollutant concentration and pressure difference information corresponding to the same bed depth position in the same position, calculates the COD concentration difference, new pollutant concentration difference and pressure difference between adjacent bed depth positions, binds the COD concentration difference, new pollutant concentration difference and pressure difference corresponding to the same pair of adjacent bed depth positions as state inheritance markers, and generates the sequence according to the bed depth position.

4. The method for gradient adsorption and regulation of new pollutants in high COD coexisting water bodies as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps for performing path-crossing threshold localization on the gradient adsorption state sequence to determine the COD masking front and the new pollutant penetration front are as follows: Based on the gradient adsorption state sequence, the corresponding COD concentration, new pollutant concentration and pressure difference information are encoded according to the bed depth position to obtain the bed depth position mark. The COD concentration, new pollutant concentration and pressure difference information under the same bed depth position mark are coupled and encapsulated to generate a three-parameter response chain along the process. Based on the three-parameter response chain along the flow path, the bed depth sequence markers that continuously reach the COD concentration decay threshold and the pressure difference accumulation threshold along the direction from the inlet to the outlet are encoded as COD masking occupancy states, and the bed depth sequence markers that continuously reach the new pollutant concentration rebound threshold are encoded as new pollutant penetration occupancy states, thus generating a double-front occupancy chain. Based on the dual-frontal locustory chain, the COD masking locustory status is tracked forward, and the terminating bed depth sequence marker of continuous locustory is determined as the COD masking front. The new pollutant penetration locustory status is also tracked forward, and the terminating bed depth sequence marker of continuous locustory is determined as the new pollutant penetration front.

5. The method for gradient adsorption and regulation of new pollutants in high COD coexisting water bodies as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The specific steps for obtaining the dual-frontal isolation bed depth and the remaining protective bed depth for new pollutants are as follows: The bed depth sequence markers of the COD masking front and the new pollutant penetration front are mapped to the corresponding bed depth positions, and the opposite reversal occupation is performed starting from the bed depth position. The bed depth length where no occupation overlap occurs is determined as the double front isolation bed depth. Based on the new pollutant penetration front, the bed depth position corresponding to the new pollutant penetration front is reversed and the bed depth position at the effluent end in the gradient adsorption state sequence is tracked. The length of bed depth between the two bed depth positions that is not covered by the new pollutant penetration occupation state is determined as the remaining protective bed depth of the new pollutant.

6. The method for gradient adsorption and regulation of new pollutants in high COD coexisting water bodies as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The specific steps for performing safety depth gap precipitation and piecewise reconstruction mapping on the dual-frontal isolation bed depth and the remaining protective bed depth for new pollutants to determine the gradient bed depth reconstruction amount are as follows: Based on the double-front isolation bed depth and the remaining protection bed depth for new pollutants, using the COD masking front, the new pollutant penetration front, and the bed depth position at the effluent end as anchor points, forward spreading between the fronts and reverse spreading on the effluent side are performed respectively, generating the bed depth occupancy status between the fronts and the spreading bed depth occupancy status on the effluent side. The bed depth positions where the pressure difference information along the bed depth direction continuously increases are marked as candidate positions for bed depth reduction and excluded from the spreading bed depth occupancy status. The bed depth positions covered by both the spreading bed depth occupancy status between the fronts and the spreading bed depth occupancy status on the effluent side are merged and retained once to generate a reconfigurable bed depth gap chain. The gap segments in the reconfigurable bed depth gap chain located between the new pollutant penetration front and the bed depth at the effluent end are spliced ​​together in a reverse spreading sequence on the effluent side to generate a protective bed depth compensation segment. The gap segments located between the COD shielding front and the new pollutant penetration front are spliced ​​together in a forward spreading sequence between the fronts to generate an isolation bed depth compensation segment. The protective bed depth compensation segment and the isolation bed depth compensation segment are then stacked in a segmented relay to determine the gradient bed depth reconstruction amount.

7. The method for gradient adsorption and regulation of new pollutants in high COD coexisting water bodies as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The method based on gradient bed depth reconstruction, using the COD masking front and the new pollutant penetration front as boundaries, performs zoned bed depth allocation on the bed depth position in the gradient adsorption state information to determine the bed depth adjustment amount. The specific steps are as follows: Based on the reconfigurable bed depth gap chain, with the COD shielding front and the new pollutant penetration front as the boundary, the gap segments in the reconfigurable bed depth gap chain located between the COD shielding front and the new pollutant penetration front are sequentially connected to the corresponding bed depth positions to form the front isolation gap sub-chain, and the gap segments located between the new pollutant penetration front and the effluent bed depth position are sequentially connected to the corresponding bed depth positions to form the effluent protection gap sub-chain. Based on the pressure difference information corresponding to the front isolation gap sub-chain and the outlet protection gap sub-chain, the outlet protection gap sub-chain is subjected to reverse occupancy from the effluent end to the new pollutant penetration front, and the front isolation gap sub-chain is subjected to reverse occupancy from the new pollutant penetration front to the COD shielding front. The bed depth positions where the pressure difference information continuously increases along the bed depth direction are collected into a bed depth reduction position set, and the bed depth positions before and after the bed depth reduction position are connected to generate a bidirectional adjustable bed depth chain. Based on the gradient bed depth reconstruction amount, the double frontal isolation bed depth, and the remaining protective bed depth for new pollutants, a reverse relay allocation with priority given to export protection is performed on the bidirectional adjustable bed depth chain. The gradient bed depth reconstruction amount is mapped to the export protection gap sub-chain, and the gradient bed depth reconstruction amount is allocated according to the reverse occupancy order of the export protection gap sub-chain. The gradient bed depth reconstruction amount retained after the allocation of the export protection gap sub-chain is completed is then allocated again according to the reverse occupancy order of the frontal isolation gap sub-chain to determine the bed depth adjustment amount.

8. The method for gradient adsorption and regulation of new pollutants in high COD coexisting water bodies as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The gradient bed depth control sequence is based on the bed depth adjustment amount. The corresponding bed depth positions are arranged sequentially according to the reverse occupancy order of the exit protection gap subchain, and the corresponding bed depth positions are arranged again according to the reverse occupancy order of the leading edge isolation gap subchain. The bed depth reduction positions are arranged again according to the arrangement order of the bed depth reduction positions. The recurring bed depth positions are generated by occupancy elimination.

9. The method for gradient adsorption and regulation of new pollutants in high COD coexisting water bodies as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The gradient bed depth control sequence involves adjusting the bed depth of the corresponding bed depth segment according to the adjustment amount to obtain a reconstructed gradient filter bed. The specific steps are as follows: Based on the gradient bed depth control sequence, according to the arrangement order of each bed depth position, the bed depth increase adjustment is used for the thickening configuration of the filter layer corresponding to the filter layer identifier at the bed depth position, and the bed depth reduction adjustment is used for the thinning configuration of the filter layer corresponding to the filter layer identifier at the bed depth position, thereby generating a gradient filter layer thickness configuration. According to the gradient filter layer thickness configuration, the filter layers used for COD pore masking and reduction, competitive adsorption buffer migration, and selective fine filtration and capture of new pollutants are reconfigured respectively, and the reconfigured filter layers are connected according to the flow sequence of the high COD coexisting water body to generate a reconstructed gradient filter bed.

10. The method for gradient adsorption and regulation of new pollutants in high COD coexisting water bodies as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The specific steps for generating the new pollutant gradient adsorption regulation state are as follows: High COD coexisting water bodies are sequentially flowed through a reconstructed gradient filter bed for gradient adsorption. COD concentration, new pollutant concentration and pressure difference information are collected at each depth of the reconstructed gradient filter bed to generate adjusted gradient adsorption process state information. Based on the adjusted gradient adsorption process state information, process threshold cross-location is performed to determine the COD masking front and the new pollutant penetration front. The bed depth length between the corresponding bed depth positions of the COD masking front and the new pollutant penetration front is updated to the double front isolation bed depth. The bed depth length between the corresponding bed depth position of the new pollutant penetration front and the bed depth position at the effluent end that is not covered by the new pollutant penetration and occupation state is updated to the new pollutant remaining protection bed depth. Based on the reconstructed gradient filter bed, the updated dual-front isolation bed depth, and the updated residual protection bed depth for new pollutants, the gradient filter layer thickness configuration, COD masking front, and new pollutant penetration front are correlated to generate the gradient adsorption regulation state of new pollutants.

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