A gate valve bottom for cold crucible glass solidification and its unloading method

Abstract

This invention relates to a gate valve bottom for cold crucible glass curing and its unloading method, comprising a cold crucible bottom, a water-cooled gate valve guide mechanism, and a water-cooled gate valve. A pentagonal, floor-drain-type unloading port is provided on the cold crucible bottom, with a pointed tip facing the center of the crucible bottom. Cooling gas and cooling water passages are provided on the guide surface of the unloading port. During unloading, after the temperature at the pointed tip exceeds the glass softening temperature, the water-cooled gate valve is moved to open the unloading port 3-5 cm. After the molten glass leaks from the pointed tip, the water-cooled gate valve is moved again to reduce the opening of the pentagonal unloading port to 2-3 cm, thus controlling the molten glass unloading rate at 3-6 kg / min. After reaching the target unloading volume, the cooling medium flow rate of the cooling gas passage is adjusted to the maximum, and the pentagonal unloading port is closed to complete the unloading. This invention achieves precise control of glass discharge without the need for heat-conducting strips, effectively improving the problems of precious metal deposition and thickened crystallization layer at the crucible bottom.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of nuclear waste vitrification, specifically to a gate valve bottom for cold crucible vitrification and its unloading method. Background Technology

[0002] Cold crucible vitrification is a technology used to process highly radioactive nuclear waste. This technology mixes radioactive waste with molten glass and forms a stable glass body at high temperatures, thus achieving long-term preservation of radioactive materials. The cold crucible device is the core unit of nuclear waste vitrification equipment. This device needs to complete processes such as feeding, melting, stirring, bubbling, and unloading, and is equipped with a cooling water system, a high-frequency induction heating system, a tail gas treatment system, and an automatic control system. To meet the requirements of long-term service of the cold crucible vitrification device, a highly reliable, corrosion-resistant, long-life, and easy-to-operate unloading method is required.

[0003] Overflow discharge, freeze-thaw valve discharge, and gate valve discharge are the three main discharge technologies for vitrification of nuclear waste. Overflow discharge is typically used in large Joule-heated ceramic furnaces, with the discharge point usually designed on the side of the furnace body. It offers advantages such as high yield and large throughput. Freeze-thaw valves are typically used in medium-sized Joule-heated ceramic furnaces. When used in conjunction with bottom electrodes, they effectively improve the temperature gradient near the furnace bottom and facilitate bottom unloading after being energized. The French (R7 Z4 line) cold crucible, using gate valve unloading technology (one for backup), produced its first batch of waste glass in April 2010. It has completed the solidification of the UMO source term and is currently carrying out the solidification of waste from the high burnup power reactor source term.

[0004] Compared to the freeze-thaw valve unloading technology used in Joule-heated ceramic furnaces, where the discharge tube can be replaced while the furnace is hot, using a freeze-thaw valve for cold crucibles requires furnace shutdown and replacement of the discharge tube in case of abnormal conditions (such as tube burnout or crystallization blockage). Furthermore, during vitrification of high-burnup-consumption power reactor source items, precious metals tend to settle and crystallize, causing blockage of the discharge tube; precious metal particles are also prone to abnormal arcing under induction heating conditions, leading to short circuits in the discharge tubes used with freeze-thaw valves, and consequently, loss of control during the unloading process. Considering all these factors, gate valve unloading offers advantages such as ease of operation and long service life, making it an irreplaceable technical route for vitrification of high-level radioactive waste.

[0005] Prior art, such as patent document CN1335825A, discloses a method and apparatus for draining molten material in a dry process. The crucible includes a bottom and a mechanism for at least partially cooling the crucible to form a solidified material layer in contact with the bottom. The apparatus includes a valve, a mechanism for cooling the valve, and a drain hole machined into the bottom of the crucible, which is normally closed by the valve. The key feature is that the drain hole at the bottom of the crucible is approximately rectangular, with its first end approximately V-shaped and its tip rounded. The drain hole coincides with the axis center of a gate. A slider is positioned below the portion of the crucible bottom with the drain hole machined therein, thus allowing the hole to be more or less closed or opened as the slider moves. The slider is slightly larger than the hole, ensuring that the drain hole is completely closed when the valve is closed. The drain device also includes a mechanism that forms a thermal bridge. This thermal bridge is actually a stainless steel heat-conducting strip welded to the upper surface of the crucible bottom, extending through the cold shell layer and into the high-temperature molten glass. Under the cooling effect of the crucible bottom and the valve slider, the solidified glass layer covers the bottom of the crucible, forming a plug that fills the drain hole. When the valve is opened, this slider retracts under the action of the lifting mechanism. Since the solidified glass plug closing the drain hole is no longer cooled by the valve slider and is now under the action of the thermal bridge formed by the heat-conducting strip, the hard glass layer at the drain hole begins to melt.

[0006] Although the existing technology described above can melt the glass shell near the V-shaped discharge port using the heat-conducting strips, these strips inevitably become corroded by the high-temperature molten glass during long-term service. Furthermore, over time, especially during the solidification of high-burning-value waste, the precious metal deposits and crystallization layers at the bottom of the crucible become increasingly thick, raising the softening point of the glass shell near the V-shaped discharge port. As a passive heating element, the heat-conducting strips are insufficient to melt the glass shell, thus increasing the probability of unloading failure. During unloading, the temperature at the bottom of the crucible near the V-shaped discharge port rises rapidly, and simply closing the gate valve is insufficient to accurately control the amount of glass discharged into the receiving tank. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a gate valve bottom for cold crucible glass curing and its unloading method. It achieves precise control of glass discharge without the need for heat-conducting vertical strips, effectively improving the problems of precious metal deposition and thickening of the crystallization layer at the bottom of the crucible. It has advantages such as good operability, high reliability, and convenient discharge of precious metals and crystallization.

[0008] The technical objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A gate valve crucible bottom for cold crucible glass curing, comprising: The bottom of the cold crucible is used to form the main structure of the gate valve crucible bottom. A pentagonal special-shaped discharge port for discharging glass liquid is arranged on the bottom of the cold crucible. The pentagonal special-shaped discharge port forms a tip toward the center of the cold crucible bottom, the tip of the pentagonal special-shaped discharge port is arranged close to the center of the cold crucible bottom, and the other end of the pentagonal special-shaped discharge port is arranged away from the center of the cold crucible bottom; the periphery of the pentagonal special-shaped discharge port is concave downward along the upper surface of the cold crucible bottom in a floor-drain shape, and the concave inner wall around the pentagonal special-shaped discharge port is provided with an inclined flow guide surface, the inclination angle of the flow guide surface is 30 to 60 degrees; cooling gas paths and cooling water paths distributed in a "ji" shape are arranged around the flow guide surface, the cooling gas path is arranged close to the center of the cold crucible bottom, the cooling water path is located on the opposite side of the cooling gas path, and the cooling gas path and the cooling water path non-contactively enclose to form a heat source导出 path that almost covers a circle of the flow guide surface around the pentagonal special-shaped discharge port; A water-cooled gate guide rail mechanism is installed at the bottom of the cold crucible bottom, used for movably installing the water-cooled gate, providing guidance and support for the movement of the water-cooled gate, and the water-cooled gate guide rail mechanism is equipped with a guide rail water cooling device; The water-cooled gate is movably installed on the water-cooled gate guide rail mechanism for opening and closing the discharge port and adjusting the opening degree of the discharge port, and the water-cooled gate is equipped with a gate water cooling device.

[0009] Further, the bottom of the cold crucible, the water-cooled gate guide rail mechanism and the water-cooled gate are entirely axisymmetrically distributed; the bottom of the cold crucible comprises a plurality of split structures, split gaps are formed between adjacent split structures, the width of the split gap is 2 to 10 mm, the split gaps extend inward from the outer edge of the cold crucible bottom to the area close to the periphery of the pentagonal special-shaped discharge port, and the split structures and the split gaps are axisymmetrically distributed about the symmetry axis of the water-cooled gate.

[0010] Further, the split structure is equipped with a water cooling pipeline.

[0011] Further, the upper surface of the cold crucible bottom is further provided with a plurality of bubbling ports, the bubbling ports are located on the split structures, and the outer side of the cold crucible bottom is equipped with a crucible bottom bubbling intake pipe for supplying gas to the bubbling ports.

[0012] Further, the bubbling ports are located at 1 / 2 to 4 / 5 of the circumferential diameter of the cold crucible bottom, and the number of the bubbling ports is 3 to 6.

[0013] Further, the water-cooled gate has a rectangular sheet structure, one end in the length direction of the rectangular sheet structure is provided with an edged knife edge with an inward concave arc, the edged knife edge is of an upper edge lower concave type, and the other end of the rectangular sheet structure is provided with a moving mechanism connecting port for connecting a power mechanism that drives the water-cooled gate to move; a gate limit block adapted to the shape of the edged knife edge is arranged at the bottom of the cold crucible bottom corresponding to the edged knife edge, and when the water-cooled gate closes the discharge port, the edged knife edge completely fits with the gate limit block.

[0014] Furthermore, the water-cooled gate plate has a perforated structure extending through both sides of the rectangular sheet structure near the blade-shaped cutting edge. This perforated structure has the same pentagonal opening structure as the pentagonal irregular discharge port. The perforated structure is axially symmetrical about the axis of symmetry of the water-cooled gate plate, with the inner wall of the perforated structure forming a pointed angle along the axis of symmetry, the pointed end pointing towards the blade-shaped cutting edge. A stepped surface is provided around the bottom of the water-cooled gate plate inside the perforated structure. High-strength inorganic high-temperature resistant material is inlaid on the stepped surface, and high-temperature refractory mortar is filled between the high-strength inorganic high-temperature resistant material and the perforated structure. When the water-cooled gate plate closes the discharge port, the high-strength inorganic high-temperature resistant material is positioned directly below the pentagonal irregular discharge port to reduce the cooling effect of the water-cooled gate plate on the glass near the discharge port and prevent crystallization.

[0015] Furthermore, a displacement scale mark is provided on the upper surface of the water-cooled gate to determine the moving distance of the water-cooled gate.

[0016] Furthermore, the high-strength inorganic high-temperature resistant material is at least one of heat-resistant stainless steel 310S, 690 alloy, sapphire, quartz glass or microcrystalline glass, and the high-temperature refractory mortar is at least one of silicate, alumina or quartz ceramic materials.

[0017] Furthermore, the water-cooled gate guide rail mechanism includes symmetrically arranged water-cooled guide rails. The upper end surface of the water-cooled guide rails forms a support surface for supporting the water-cooled gate. The upper end surface of the water-cooled guide rails is provided with gate limiting strips for limiting the water-cooled gate on the side of the water-cooled gate. A space for guiding and supporting the water-cooled gate is formed between the two water-cooled gate limiting strips on the support surface of the water-cooled guide rails. The guide rail water-cooling device is located on the outside of the water-cooled guide rail in the area outside the gate limiting strip and is arranged along the length extension direction of the water-cooled guide rail.

[0018] Furthermore, the gate limit strip is also equipped with several heat dissipation holes. The design of the heat dissipation holes can prevent the gate limit strip from overheating and deforming, and also facilitates heat dissipation for the water-cooled gate.

[0019] Furthermore, a recessed waist-shaped groove is provided on the upper end face of the water-cooled guide rail in the area between the guide rail water-cooling device and the gate limit strip to prevent the bottom of the cold crucible from becoming too cold.

[0020] Furthermore, several adjacent segmented structures share a water-cooling pipeline.

[0021] The present invention also provides a gate valve method for unloading material from the bottom of a cold crucible for glass curing, comprising: S1. Install the gate valve and cold crucible as described above on the cold crucible stand; S2. Connect all cooling media, close the gate valve to the limit position, and ensure that the pentagonal irregular discharge port is completely closed. S3. After the processes of material waiting for loading, startup, ignition, expansion melting and feeding are completed, turn off the supply of cooling medium in the cooling gas path, and move the water-cooled gate to open the pentagonal special-shaped discharge port by 3 to 5 cm after the temperature at the tip of the pentagonal special-shaped discharge port exceeds the glass softening temperature; S4. After the glass liquid leaks out from the tip of the pentagonal special-shaped discharge port, in order to prevent an excessively large opening of the pentagonal special-shaped discharge port from causing an excessively fast or even uncontrolled discharge rate, move the water-cooled gate to reduce the opening degree of the pentagonal special-shaped discharge port to 2 to 3 cm, and adjust the supply flow rate of the cooling medium in the cooling gas path to control the glass liquid discharge rate at 3 to 6 kg / min; S5. After reaching the target discharge amount, adjust the supply flow rate of the cooling medium in the cooling gas path to the maximum, and simultaneously move the water-cooled gate to completely close the tip of the pentagonal special-shaped discharge port, thus completing the discharge.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. Through the design of floor-drain-shaped special-shaped discharge port, the gate valve crucible bottom for cold crucible glass vitrification of the present application is conducive to improving the self-drainage and cut-off control of the melt during the discharge process, and reducing the probability of crystallization at the crucible bottom or aggregation of precious metal particles.

[0023] 2. In the present application, through the arrangement of the n-shaped cooling gas path and the n-shaped cooling water path inside the pentagonal special-shaped discharge port, a three-dimensional heat flow export path is formed, realizing precise regulation of local temperature gradient. The arrangement of the cooling gas path on the side of the pentagonal special-shaped discharge port close to the center of the crucible bottom can ensure the cooling effect of the crucible bottom at this position, and also avoid crystallization of glass at this position caused by overcooling of cooling water. During the discharge and stop-discharge processes, the cooling medium in the cooling gas path can also be adjusted to adjust the discharge rate, which improves the controllability of the discharge rate. The arrangement of the cooling water path on the outer side of the crucible bottom of the pentagonal special-shaped discharge port can effectively improve the cooling effect on the outer side of the pentagonal special-shaped discharge port and prevent overheating and deformation of the crucible bottom.

[0024] 3. In the present application, the design of the split structure and split slits of the cold crucible bottom makes the whole front surface of the crucible bottom present a "spider" shape, which not only ensures the overall mechanical strength of the crucible bottom, but also ensures the overall magnetic permeability at the split slits.

[0025] 4. In the present application, through the synergistic cooperation of high-strength inorganic high-temperature resistant material and high-temperature refractory mud arranged at the position directly below the pentagonal special-shaped discharge port on the water-cooled gate, a multi-layer thermal barrier-wear-resistant-erosion resistant interface is constructed, which can effectively reduce the water cooling effect in this area, ensure that the glass at the upper position of the water-cooled gate is in a high-temperature state, which is conducive to independent and controllable discharge after the water-cooled gate is drawn out. Description of Drawings

[0026] Figure 1 is a top view schematic diagram of the gate valve crucible bottom for cold crucible glass vitrification of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a bottom view of the gate valve for cold crucible glass curing according to the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the upper end face of the bottom of the cold crucible in this invention.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the upper end face structure of the water-cooled gate guide rail mechanism in this invention.

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the lower end face structure of the water-cooled gate guide rail mechanism in this invention.

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the upper surface structure of the water-cooled gate plate in this invention.

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the lower end face structure of the water-cooled gate in this invention.

[0033] In the picture: 1. Bottom of the cold crucible; 2. Water-cooled gate guide mechanism; 3. Water-cooled gate; 4. Axis of symmetry; 101. Pentagonal irregular discharge port; 102. Guide surface; 103. Cooling air passage; 104. Cooling water passage; 105. a. Folded; 106. b. Folded; 107. c. Folded; 108. d. Folded; 109. e. Folded; 110. f. Folded; 111. g. Folded; 112. h. Folded; 113. k. 114. Water-cooled piping; 115. Water-cooled piping; 116. Water-cooled piping; 117. Split-type water-cooled crossover piping; 118. Split-type water-cooled crossover piping; 119. Bubble inlet; 120. Bubble inlet; 121. Bubble inlet; 122. Bottom bubbling air inlet pipe; 123. Bottom bubbling air inlet pipe; 124. Bottom bubbling air inlet pipe; 125. Air-cooled piping; 126. Gate limit block; 201. Water-cooled guide rail; 202. Water-cooled gate limit strip; 203. Guide rail cooling water pipe; 204. Fixing screw countersunk hole; 205. Screw through hole; 206. Heat dissipation hole; 207. Waist-shaped groove; 208. First pipe interface; 209. Second pipe interface; 301. Blade-shaped cutting edge; 302. Connecting port of moving mechanism; 303. Hollow structure; 304. Stepped surface; 305. High-strength inorganic high-temperature resistant material; 306. Displacement scale marking; 307. Gate cooling water channel; 308. Gate water cooling pipeline. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments: A gate valve crucible bottom for cold crucible glass solidification, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , it comprises: 1. A cold crucible bottom, which forms the main structure of the gate valve crucible bottom. The cold crucible bottom is generally circular. A pentagonal special-shaped discharge port (101) for discharging molten glass is provided on the cold crucible bottom (1). The pentagonal special-shaped discharge port has three right-angled sides and a tip formed by two sides with an acute included angle. The tip of the pentagonal special-shaped discharge port (101) is arranged close to the center of the cold crucible bottom (1), and the other end of the pentagonal special-shaped discharge port (101) is arranged away from the center of the cold crucible bottom; the periphery of the pentagonal special-shaped discharge port (101) is recessed downward along the upper surface of the cold crucible bottom (1) in a floor drain shape, and the recessed inner walls around the pentagonal special-shaped discharge port (101) are provided with inclined flow guide surfaces (102), and the inclination angle of the flow guide surfaces (102) is 30 to 60°; a cooling gas path (103) and a cooling water path (104) distributed in a "Ω" shape are arranged around the flow guide surfaces (102). The cooling gas path (103) is arranged close to the center of the cold crucible bottom, the cooling water path (104) is located on the opposite side of the cooling gas path (103), and the cooling gas path (103) and the cooling water path (104) are non-contactly enclosed to form a heat source导出 path that almost covers one circle of the flow guide surfaces (102) around the pentagonal special-shaped discharge port (101); the tip of the pentagonal special-shaped discharge port (101) is located at the center side of the cold crucible bottom. In use, molten glass is mainly concentrated on the side where the cooling gas path is located. The "Ω"-shaped cooling gas path (103) achieves three-sided surrounding of the pentagonal special-shaped discharge port (101), and the "Ω"-shaped cooling water path (104) also achieves three-sided surrounding of the pentagonal special-shaped discharge port (101). The combination of the two forms a three-dimensional heat flow导出 path around the pentagonal special-shaped discharge port (101).

[0035] 2. A water-cooled gate guide mechanism (2), which is installed at the bottom of the cold crucible bottom (1), used for movably installing the water-cooled gate (3), providing guidance and support for the movement of the water-cooled gate (3), and the water-cooled gate guide mechanism (2) is equipped with a guide rail water cooling device; 3. A water-cooled gate (3), which is movably installed on the water-cooled gate guide mechanism (2) and used for opening and closing the pentagonal special-shaped discharge port (101) and adjusting the opening degree of the pentagonal special-shaped discharge port (101), and the water-cooled gate (3) is equipped with a gate water cooling device.

[0036] Preferably, the cold crucible bottom (1), the water-cooled gate guide mechanism (2) and the water-cooled gate (3) are axially symmetric as a whole, and the symmetry axis (4) is as Figure 1 shown in the figure; the cold crucible bottom (1) comprises a plurality of split structures, split gaps are formed between adjacent split structures, the width of the split gaps is 2 to 10 mm, the split gaps extend inward from the outer edge of the cold crucible bottom (1) to the peripheral area close to the pentagonal special-shaped discharge port (101), and the split structures and the split gaps are axially symmetric about the symmetry axis of the water-cooled gate (3).

[0037] The upper surface of the bottom 1 of the cold crucible is also provided with several bubbling openings, which are located on the segmented structure. The outer side of the bottom 1 of the cold crucible is provided with a bottom bubbling air inlet pipe for supplying air to the bubbling openings. Preferably, the bubbling openings are located at 1 / 2 to 4 / 5 of the diameter of the bottom of the cold crucible, and the number of bubbling openings is 3 to 6.

[0038] Specifically, in one implementation process, the bottom 1 of the cold crucible is equipped with 9 segmented structures, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the segments are a (105), b (106), c (107), d (108), e (109), f (110), g (111), h (112), and k (113), respectively; the segment structure is equipped with water-cooled piping.

[0039] The nine segmented structures are divided into three regions. Segment a 105, segment b 106, and segment k 113 share a water-cooling pipe 114. One end of the water-cooling pipe 114 is used to input coolant, and the other end is used to output coolant. More specifically, the cooling water circuit 104 spans segment a 105, segment b 106, and segment k 113. The water-cooling pipe 114 is connected to both ends of the cooling water circuit 104 to supply coolant into the cooling water circuit 104.

[0040] c-lobes 107, d-lobes 108, and e-lobes 109 share a common water-cooling pipe 115. One end of the water-cooling pipe 115 is used to input coolant, and the other end is used to output coolant. Since there are lobes between the lobes, the connection between c-lobes 107 and d-lobes 108 and d-lobes 108 and e-lobes 109 is achieved through the lobe water-cooling crossover pipe 117. f-lobes 110, g-lobes 111, and h-lobes 112 share a common water-cooling pipe 116. One end of the water-cooling pipe 116 is used to input coolant, and the other end is used to output coolant. Similarly, since there are lobes between the lobes, the connection between f-lobes 110 and g-lobes 111, as well as between g-lobes 111 and h-lobes 112, is achieved through a lobe water-cooling crossover pipe 118.

[0041] A bubbling port is provided on each of the c-lobes 107, f-lobes 110, and k-lobes 113, namely bubbling port 119, bubbling port 120, and bubbling port 121, respectively. A bottom bubbling air inlet pipe 122 for supplying air to the bubbling port 119 is arranged on the outside of the bottom of the cold crucible 1. A bottom bubbling air inlet pipe 123 for supplying air to the bubbling port 120 is arranged on the outside of the bottom of the cold crucible 1. A bottom bubbling air inlet pipe 124 for supplying air to the bubbling port 121 is arranged on the outside of the bottom of the cold crucible 1.

[0042] One end of the cooling air passage 103 is connected to the b-segment 106, and the other end is connected to the k-segment 113. Air cooling pipes 125 are connected to the outside of the b-segment 106 and the outside of the k-segment 113 respectively, so as to realize the entry and exit of the gas cold source into and out of the cooling air passage 103.

[0043] More specifically, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the water-cooled gate guide rail mechanism 2 includes symmetrically arranged water-cooled guide rails 201. The water-cooled guide rails 201 have a long strip structure. A support surface for supporting the water-cooled gate 3 is formed on the upper end surface of the water-cooled guide rails 201. A gate limiting strip 202 for limiting the water-cooled gate 3 is provided on the side of the upper end surface of the water-cooled guide rails 201 corresponding to the side of the water-cooled gate 3. A space for guiding and supporting the water-cooled gate 3 is formed between the two water-cooled gate limiting strips 202 on the support surface of the water-cooled guide rails 201. The guide rail water cooling device is a guide rail cooling water pipe 203. The guide rail cooling water pipe is arranged on the outside of the water-cooled guide rails 201 along the length extension direction of the water-cooled guide rails 201. The length of the guide rail cooling water pipe 203 is greater than the length of the water-cooled guide rails 201, so that both ends of the guide rail cooling water pipe 203 extend out relative to the end of the water-cooled guide rails 201.

[0044] More specifically, one end of the guide rail cooling water pipe 203 forms a first pipe interface 208 extending along the length of the guide rail cooling water pipe, and the other end of the guide rail cooling water pipe 203 forms a second pipe interface 209 that is bent relative to the guide rail cooling water pipe. When installed on the bottom of the cold crucible, the bent second pipe interface 209 is located below the bottom of the cold crucible and bends downward. The cooling medium flows in from one end of the guide rail cooling water pipe 203 and then flows out from the other end.

[0045] For example, the water-cooled guide rail 201 is made of at least one of brass, 304 stainless steel or 316 stainless steel. The guide rail cooling water pipe 203 is welded to the side of the water-cooled guide rail 201 or integrally formed with the water-cooled guide rail 201. It is also made of metal pipe and the material can be consistent with the water-cooled guide rail 201 to provide cooling function for the water-cooled guide rail 201.

[0046] More specifically, a number of countersunk holes 204 for fixing screws are provided on the lower end face of the water-cooled guide rail 201, penetrating both the upper and lower surfaces of the water-cooled guide rail 201. The number of countersunk holes for fixing screws are arranged along the length of the water-cooled guide rail 201 and are used to insert screws to fix the water-cooled guide rail 201 to the lower end face of the bottom of the cold crucible. The countersunk holes 204 for fixing screws are located on the outside of the gate limit strip 202.

[0047] Several through-holes 205, penetrating both the upper and lower surfaces of the water-cooled guide rail 201, are provided along its length. These through-holes are located inside the gate plate limiting strip 202 and are used to install high-temperature self-locking screws to ensure a tight fit between the water-cooled guide rail 201 and the water-cooled gate plate 3. By installing these high-temperature self-locking screws, the tight fit between the bottom surface of the cold crucible and the upper surface of the water-cooled gate plate 3 can be ensured during the thermal expansion and contraction of the water-cooled gate plate, thus ensuring the sealing of the bottom of the cold crucible.

[0048] Preferably, in one implementation process, the gate limiting strip 202 is also provided with a number of heat dissipation holes 206, which are fully distributed on the gate limiting strip 202 to facilitate heat dissipation of the gate limiting strip 202 itself and the water-cooled gate 3.

[0049] Preferably, in one implementation process, a number of recessed waist-shaped grooves 207 are provided on the upper surface of the water-cooled guide rail 201 outside the gate limit bar 202. The groove depth of the waist-shaped grooves 207 does not exceed half the thickness of the water-cooled guide rail 201. The opening position of the waist-shaped grooves 207 avoids the countersunk hole 204 of the fixing screw. The number of grooves is full to reduce the contact area with the bottom of the crucible and prevent the bottom of the crucible from being too cold.

[0050] More specifically, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the water-cooled gate plate 3 has a rectangular sheet structure. At one end of the rectangular sheet structure along its length, there is an arc-shaped concave blade-shaped cutting edge 301. The blade-shaped cutting edge 301 is of the upper edge and lower concave type. When the pentagonal irregular discharge port 101 is closed after unloading, the blade-shaped cutting edge 301 can quickly cut the high-temperature glass liquid or glass block and achieve the sealing of the bottom of the crucible.

[0051] At the other end of the rectangular sheet structure, a moving mechanism connection port 302 is provided for connecting a power mechanism that drives the water-cooled gate 3 to move. After the moving mechanism connection port 302 is connected to the power mechanism, the power mechanism drives the water-cooled gate 3 to move along the water-cooled guide rail 201 to realize the opening, closing, and opening degree adjustment of the pentagonal irregular discharge port 101. More specifically, the moving mechanism connection port 302 is a T-shaped notch that penetrates the upper and lower surfaces of the water-cooled gate. For example, the power mechanism is such as a drive electric cylinder, and is configured with a connection end adapted to the moving mechanism connection port 302.

[0052] To ensure the safety of the crucible bottom, a gate limiting block 126 adapted to the shape of the blade-shaped cutting edge 301 is provided at the bottom of the cold crucible bottom 1. When the water-cooled gate 3 closes the pentagonal discharge port 101, the blade-shaped cutting edge 301 and the gate limiting block 126 are completely in contact.

[0053] Preferably, in one implementation process, when the water-cooled gate 3 closes the pentagonal irregular discharge port 101, the blade-shaped cutting edge 301 is 1-2 cm away from the gate limiting block 126, so that the blade-shaped cutting edge 301 can continue to move until it completely fits the gate limiting block 126, ensuring that the water-cooled gate 3 does not move excessively or overshoot.

[0054] Preferably, in one implementation process, the water-cooled gate plate 3 is provided with a hollow structure 303 that penetrates both sides of the thickness of the rectangular sheet structure at one end near the blade-shaped cutting edge 301. The hollow structure 303 also has a pentagonal inner wall. The hollow structure 303 is axially symmetrical about the axis of symmetry of the water-cooled gate plate 3. The inner wall of the hollow structure 303 forms a pointed angle along the axis of symmetry, with the pointed direction facing the direction of the blade-shaped cutting edge 301, close to the center of the bottom of the crucible. A stepped surface 304 is provided around the bottom of the water-cooled gate plate 3 inside the hollow structure 303. A high-strength inorganic high-temperature resistant material 305 is inlaid on the stepped surface 304, and high-temperature refractory mortar is filled between the high-strength inorganic high-temperature resistant material 305 and the hollow structure 303. When the water-cooled gate plate 3 closes the pentagonal irregular discharge port 101, the high-strength inorganic high-temperature resistant material 305 corresponds to the area directly below the pentagonal irregular discharge port 101. Preferably, the thickness of the step surface 304 is not less than 3 mm, and the width of the step surface 304 is not less than 5 mm, so as to form an effective and reliable support for the inlaid high-strength inorganic high-temperature resistant material.

[0055] Optionally, the high-strength inorganic high-temperature resistant material is at least one of heat-resistant stainless steel 310S, 690 alloy, sapphire, quartz glass or microcrystalline glass, and the high-temperature refractory mortar is at least one of silicate, alumina or quartz ceramic materials.

[0056] To facilitate observation of the movement distance of the water-cooled gate plate, a displacement scale mark 306 is provided on the upper surface of the water-cooled gate plate 3 to determine the movement distance of the water-cooled gate plate 3. Specifically, the displacement scale mark 306 is located on the upper surface of the water-cooled gate plate and between the blade-shaped cutting edge 301 and the moving mechanism connection port 302. The displacement scale mark 306 is designed as a scale line set along the length direction of the water-cooled gate plate 3, with a scale interval of 5mm. The zero mark of the scale line is close to one end of the moving mechanism interface 302. When the water-cooled gate plate moves out relative to the bottom of the cold crucible, the pentagonal irregular discharge port 101 is gradually opened, and the movement distance of the water-cooled gate plate 3 can be determined by reading the scale line corresponding to the outer edge of the a-segment 105.

[0057] More specifically, the gate water cooling device is the gate cooling water circuit 307, such as... Figure 7As shown, the gate cooling water passage 307 is arranged inside the water-cooled gate. Starting from one end of the water-cooled gate 3 where the moving mechanism interface 302 is located, it is distributed in a U-shape along the side of the water-cooled gate and the other end returns to the end where the moving mechanism interface 302 is located. The gate cooling water passage 307 is connected to a gate water cooling pipe 308 at the end where the moving mechanism interface is located to realize the inflow and outflow of cooling medium into the gate cooling water passage 307.

[0058] Based on the gate valve used for cold crucible glass curing described above, this embodiment also provides a gate valve crucible bottom unloading method for cold crucible glass curing, including: S1. The gate valve and the cold crucible are installed on the cold crucible stand; S2. Complete the assembly and connection of all water and air circuits, and connect the cooling medium. Keep the gate valve closed at the discharge port. Water cooling pipes 114, 115, 116, 208, 209 and 308 are connected to coolant, such as water. Air cooling pipe 125 and bottom bubbling air inlet pipes 122, 123 and 124 are connected to cooling gas, such as nitrogen. S3. After the loading, starting, ignition, melting and feeding process is completed, the cooling medium supply of the cooling air circuit is turned off. After the temperature at the tip of the pentagonal irregular discharge port exceeds the glass softening temperature, the water-cooled gate is moved to open the tip of the pentagonal irregular discharge port by 3-5cm. S4. After the molten glass leaks out from the tip of the pentagonal discharge port, move the water-cooled gate to reduce the opening of the tip of the pentagonal discharge port to 2-3 cm. Adjust the cooling gas supply flow rate of the cooling gas path to control the molten glass discharge rate at 3-6 kg / min. Increasing the cooling gas supply flow rate of the cooling gas path will decrease the molten glass discharge rate, while decreasing the cooling gas supply flow rate of the cooling gas path will increase the molten glass discharge rate. S5. After reaching the target unloading volume, adjust the cooling medium supply flow rate of the cooling air path to the maximum, and at the same time move the water-cooled gate to close the pentagonal irregular unloading port to complete the unloading.

[0059] This embodiment is merely a further explanation of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make non-inventive modifications to this embodiment as needed after reading this specification, but such modifications are protected by patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gate valve for the bottom of a cold crucible for glass curing, characterized in that, Comprising: a cold crucible bottom, configured to form the main structure of a gate valve crucible bottom, wherein the cold crucible bottom is provided with a special-shaped pentagonal discharge port for discharging molten glass, the special-shaped pentagonal discharge port forms a tip toward the center of the cold crucible bottom, the tip of the special-shaped pentagonal discharge port is arranged close to the center of the cold crucible bottom, and the other end of the special-shaped pentagonal discharge port is arranged away from the center of the cold crucible bottom; the periphery of the special-shaped pentagonal discharge port is recessed downward along the upper surface of the cold crucible bottom in a floor drain shape, the downwardly recessed inner wall around the special-shaped pentagonal discharge port is provided with an inclined flow guide surface, and the inclination angle of the flow guide surface is 30 to 60°; cooling gas paths and cooling water paths distributed in an n-shape are arranged around the flow guide surface, the cooling gas paths are arranged close to the center of the cold crucible bottom, the cooling water paths are located on the opposite side of the cooling gas paths, and the cooling gas paths and the cooling water paths are enclosed in a non-contact manner to form a heat source export path that almost covers a circle of the flow guide surface around the special-shaped pentagonal discharge port; a water-cooled gate guide rail mechanism installed at the bottom of the cold crucible, configured to movably install a water-cooled gate and provide guidance and support for the movement of the water-cooled gate, wherein the water-cooled gate guide rail mechanism is provided with a guide rail water cooling device; a water-cooled gate movably installed on the water-cooled gate guide rail mechanism and configured to open and close the discharge port and adjust the opening degree of the discharge port, wherein the water-cooled gate is provided with a gate water cooling device.

2. The gate valve crucible bottom for cold crucible glass curing according to claim 1, characterized in that, the cold crucible bottom, the water-cooled gate guide rail mechanism and the water-cooled gate are entirely distributed axisymmetrically; the cold crucible bottom comprises a plurality of split structures, split gaps are formed between adjacent split structures, the width of each split gap is 2 to 10 mm, the split gaps extend inward from the outer peripheral edge of the cold crucible bottom to the area close to the periphery of the special-shaped pentagonal discharge port, and the split structures and the split gaps are distributed axisymmetrically about the symmetry axis of the water-cooled gate.

3. The gate valve crucible bottom for cold crucible glass curing according to claim 2, characterized in that, each split structure is provided with a water cooling pipeline.

4. The gate valve crucible bottom for cold crucible glass curing according to claim 2, characterized in that, a plurality of bubbling ports are further arranged on the upper surface of the cold crucible bottom, the bubbling ports are located on the split structures, and a crucible bottom bubbling intake pipe for supplying gas to the bubbling ports is arranged outside the cold crucible bottom.

5. The gate valve crucible bottom for cold crucible glass curing according to claim 4, characterized in that, the bubbling ports are located at 1 / 2 to 4 / 5 of the circumferential diameter of the cold crucible bottom, and the number of the bubbling ports is 3 to 6.

6. The gate valve crucible bottom for cold crucible glass curing according to claim 1, characterized in that, the water-cooled gate has a rectangular sheet structure, an arc-concave blade-shaped cutting edge is arranged at one end of the rectangular sheet structure in the length direction, the blade-shaped cutting edge is of an upper blade lower concave type, and a moving mechanism connecting port for connecting a power mechanism that drives the water-cooled gate to move is arranged at the other end of the rectangular sheet structure; a gate limiting block adapted to the shape of the blade-shaped cutting edge is arranged at the bottom of the cold crucible bottom corresponding to the blade-shaped cutting edge, and when the water-cooled gate closes the discharge port, the blade-shaped cutting edge completely fits with the gate limiting block.

7. The gate valve crucible bottom for cold crucible glass curing according to claim 6, characterized in that, The water-cooled gate plate also has a perforated structure at one end near the blade-shaped cutting edge, penetrating both sides of the rectangular sheet structure. The perforated structure has a pentagonal opening structure similar to the pentagonal irregular discharge port. The perforated structure is axially symmetrical about the axis of symmetry of the water-cooled gate plate. The inner wall of the perforated structure forms a pointed angle along the axis of symmetry, with the pointed end pointing towards the direction of the blade-shaped cutting edge. A stepped surface is provided around the bottom of the water-cooled gate plate inside the perforated structure. High-strength inorganic high-temperature resistant material is inlaid on the stepped surface, and high-temperature refractory mortar is filled between the high-strength inorganic high-temperature resistant material and the perforated structure. When the water-cooled gate plate closes the discharge port, the high-strength inorganic high-temperature resistant material corresponds to the area directly below the pentagonal irregular discharge port to reduce the cooling effect of the water-cooled gate plate on the glass near the discharge port and prevent crystallization.

8. The gate valve crucible bottom for cold crucible glass curing according to claim 6, characterized in that, The upper surface of the water-cooled gate is also provided with a displacement scale mark for judging the moving distance of the water-cooled gate.

9. A gate valve for cold crucible glass curing according to claim 7, characterized in that, The high-strength inorganic high-temperature resistant material is at least one of heat-resistant stainless steel 310S, 690 alloy, sapphire, quartz glass or microcrystalline glass, and the high-temperature refractory mortar is at least one of silicate, alumina or quartz ceramic materials.

10. The gate valve crucible bottom for cold crucible glass curing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water-cooled gate guide rail mechanism includes symmetrically arranged water-cooled guide rails. The upper end surface of the water-cooled guide rails forms a support surface for supporting the water-cooled gate. The upper end surface of the water-cooled guide rails is provided with gate limiting strips corresponding to the side of the water-cooled gate for limiting the water-cooled gate. A space for guiding and supporting the water-cooled gate is formed between the two water-cooled gate limiting strips on the support surface of the water-cooled guide rails. The guide rail water-cooling device is arranged on the outside of the water-cooled guide rail in the area outside the gate limiting strips and is arranged along the length extension direction of the water-cooled guide rails.

11. A gate valve crucible bottom for cold crucible glass curing according to claim 10, characterized in that, The gate limit strip is also provided with several heat dissipation holes.

12. The gate valve crucible bottom for cold crucible glass curing according to claim 10, characterized in that, The upper surface of the water-cooled guide rail between the guide rail water-cooling device and the gate limiting strip is also provided with a recessed waist-shaped groove to prevent the bottom of the cold crucible from becoming too cold.

13. The gate valve crucible bottom for cold crucible glass curing according to claim 3, characterized in that, Several adjacent segmented structures share a water-cooling pipeline.

14. A gate valve method for unloading material from the bottom of a cold crucible for glass curing, characterized in that, include: S1. Install the gate valve and cold crucible according to any one of claims 1 to 13 on the cold crucible stand; S2. Connect all cooling media, close the gate valve to the limit position, and ensure that the pentagonal irregular discharge port is completely closed. S3. After the loading, starting, ignition, melting and feeding process is completed, shut off the cooling medium supply of the cooling air circuit. After the temperature at the tip of the pentagonal irregular discharge port exceeds the glass softening temperature, move the water-cooled gate to open the discharge port by 3-5cm. S4. After the molten glass leaks from the tip of the pentagonal discharge port, move the water-cooled gate to reduce the opening of the pentagonal discharge port to 2-3 cm. At the same time, adjust the cooling medium supply flow rate of the cooling air path to control the molten glass discharge rate at 3-6 kg / min. S5. After reaching the target unloading volume, adjust the cooling medium supply flow rate of the cooling air path to the maximum, and at the same time move the water-cooled gate to completely close the tip of the pentagonal irregular unloading port to complete the unloading.

Images