Microorganism detection apparatus and detection method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of microbial detection equipment and detection method, belong to the technical field of microbial detection, including jar body, and install the jar cover in jar body top, the jar body inside is placed with several single sex immune magnetic ball, jar body outside and bottom jointly are provided with the magnetic dynamic mixing mechanism for position control to its inside single sex immune magnetic ball;The application is split into side guide and bottom guide by magnetic dynamic mixing mechanism, respectively independently control the radial motion and vertical motion of single sex immune magnetic ball, and utilize control assembly to make the interactive magnetic field of alternation of both, realize the three-dimensional compound motion of single sex immune magnetic ball in jar body, cooperate with the repelling characteristics of each other of single sex immune magnetic ball itself because fixed magnetic pole direction is consistent, single sex immune magnetic ball can spontaneously keep highly dispersed state in jar body, effectively avoid the problem that traditional superparamagnetic beads or non-magnetic orientation magnetic ball is easy to gather and settle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of microbial detection technology, specifically to a microbial detection device and detection method. Background Technology

[0002] In food microbiological safety testing, immunomagnetic bead separation technology is a commonly used method for enriching pathogenic bacteria. Its basic principle is to use magnetic beads coated with specific antibodies to react with the target pathogenic bacteria in the sample solution to form an antigen-antibody binding reaction. Then, under the action of an external magnetic field, the magnetic beads bound with pathogenic bacteria are separated from the complex sample matrix. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of pathogenic bacteria is then achieved through lysis and detection steps.

[0003] In existing technologies, immunomagnetic ball separation devices typically employ a static magnetic field adsorption method. This involves placing permanent magnets or electromagnets at the bottom or sidewall of the reaction container to attract and fix the immunomagnetic balls to a specific area at the bottom or sidewall of the container. Subsequently, the sample solution to be tested is added to the container. By allowing the liquid to stand or gently agitate, pathogens in the sample solution naturally diffuse to the area where the magnetic balls are located, thereby achieving contact and binding between the pathogens and the magnetic balls.

[0004] The aforementioned existing technology has the following drawbacks: Under the action of a static magnetic field in one direction, the magnetic balls are firmly adsorbed to the bottom or side wall of the container and cannot move actively in the entire liquid layer of the sample liquid. As a result, the contact between the magnetic balls and pathogens is mainly limited to the area near the bottom of the container. Fresh crushed extruded liquid contains a large number of tissue debris and particulate matter of varying particle sizes. Some types of pathogens (such as Listeria monocytogenes, certain serotypes of Escherichia coli, etc.) have a strong tendency to ascend or tend to suspend in the upper layer of the liquid and are not easy to naturally settle to the bottom and contact the magnetic balls. This spatial isolation state of "magnetic balls below and pathogens above" seriously limits the magnetic balls' ability to capture pathogens in the upper layer, resulting in false negatives for some pathogens in the test results, reducing the accuracy and reliability of the test. In addition, the magnetic balls are prone to forming dense aggregates in the static adsorption state. The surface antibodies of the magnetic balls inside the aggregates cannot contact the pathogens, further reducing the effective capture area and binding efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a microbial detection device and detection method to solve the problems in the prior art where magnetic balls cannot actively contact pathogenic bacteria on the upper layer, and where magnetic ball aggregation leads to low capture efficiency.

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solution: including a can body and a can cover installed on the top of the can body, wherein a plurality of single-atom immunomagnetic balls are placed inside the can body, and a magnetic mixing mechanism for adjusting the position of the single-atom immunomagnetic balls inside the can body is provided on the outside and bottom of the can body. The can lid is provided with a conveying port for inputting fresh crushed extrusion liquid, cleaning water and pyrolysis agent. An outer support ring is provided on the lower side of the can body. The outer support ring is fixedly connected to the can body by several legs. A liquid outlet is provided at the center of the bottom of the can body. Several support plates are fixedly connected to the outer support ring at equal intervals in the radial direction. All support plates are connected and rotate together on the liquid outlet. The magnetic mixing mechanism includes a side guide located on the outer side of the tank wall for controlling the radial movement of the single-celled immunomagnetic balls, and a bottom guide located at the bottom of the tank for controlling the vertical movement of the single-celled immunomagnetic balls. The side guide and the bottom guide alternately generate an interactive magnetic field through a control component located at the bottom of the tank to control the movement of the single-celled immunomagnetic balls.

[0007] Preferably, the side guide includes a plurality of vertically distributed magnetic columns arranged circumferentially at equal intervals outside the tank wall, and electromagnetic units are fixedly installed at equal intervals along the length direction inside the magnetic columns. The bottom guide includes a mounting cylinder rotatably mounted on the liquid outlet, and a disk is fixedly connected to the outside of the mounting cylinder. A plurality of electromagnetic units are uniformly fixedly installed inside the disk.

[0008] Preferably, a power connector is fixedly installed at the lower end of the magnetic column and on the lower side of the disk, and each electromagnetic unit inside the disk and magnetic column is electrically connected in series with the power connector on it. The positive and negative poles of the power connector extend downward through an electrode brush, and the lower end of the electrode brush is a graphite brush.

[0009] Preferably, the control component includes several support plates fixedly connected at equal intervals around the circumference of the corresponding magnetic columns to the outer wall of the mounting cylinder. Each support plate has a mounting seat that rotates through the corresponding magnetic column or disk power contact position via a conductive slip ring. A rotating gear is fixedly connected to the lower end of the mounting seat, and meshes with the mounting seats corresponding to the positions of the mounting seats on each magnetic column in a gear ring. The gear ring is integrally fixedly mounted on an outer support ring. The rotating gear corresponding to the position of the power contact on the disk and the rotating gear on the support plate corresponding to the position of the power contact on the disk are connected by multiple connecting gears. A driven gear is fixedly connected to the lower periphery of the mounting cylinder, and a driving gear is meshed with the periphery of the driven gear. The driving gear is driven by a motor.

[0010] Preferably, two arc-shaped contact plates, each electrically connected to a positive and negative wire, are fixedly and symmetrically mounted on the mounting base. The angle range of the contact plates is less than 90°. The lower end of the electrode brush slides in contact with the top of the mounting base. The contact plates on the mounting base of the disk and the contact plates on the mounting base of the corresponding magnetic pillars are staggered.

[0011] Preferably, the can lid is provided with a suction mechanism for extracting the supernatant inside the can. The suction mechanism includes a suction port fixedly installed on the can lid. The outer end of the suction port is connected to a negative pressure device, and the inner end of the suction port is connected to a corrugated pipe placed inside the can. The lower end of the corrugated pipe is connected to a suction head, and the suction head is surrounded by an air bladder.

[0012] Preferably, the lower end of the suction head is fully open and an air film is fixedly connected inside it, or the lower end of the suction head is closed and a number of small-diameter liquid inlet holes are equidistantly opened on its side wall, and each small-diameter liquid inlet hole is provided with an anti-clogging component for unblocking it.

[0013] Preferably, the anti-clogging component is fixedly connected to a closed cover at the center of the bottom wall of the suction head. Several bevel gears 1 are equidistantly rotatable through the circumference of the closed cover. Each bevel gear 1 is meshed with a bevel gear 2. The bevel gear 2 is driven by a small motor. The small motor is fixedly installed inside the closed cover. A spline shaft is slidably and limitably connected to the center of bevel gear 1. The outer end of the spline shaft extends into a small-diameter liquid inlet hole and is fixedly connected to a flat brush.

[0014] Preferably, the inner end of the spline shaft is rotatably mounted on the connecting block, a connecting pin is fixedly connected to the lower side of the connecting block, a guide plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the enclosure, and a closed-loop wave groove is opened on the guide plate, with the lower ends of each connecting pin slidingly embedded in the wave groove.

[0015] This invention also discloses a detection method for a microbial detection device, the specific detection method comprising the following steps: S1: Fresh crushed extruded liquid is fed into the tank through the conveyor port. The magnetic mixing mechanism is activated. The side and bottom guides alternately generate magnetic fields to drive the movement of single-acid immunomagnetic balls, so that they are fully mixed and the surface antibodies are used to capture pathogens in the extruded liquid. S2: Then turn off the magnetic mixing mechanism, let it stand until the single-celled immunomagnetic beads settle, and open the outlet to drain excess liquid; S3: Re-introduce clean water and pyrolysis agent through the delivery port, restart the magnetic mixing mechanism, and the pyrolysis agent will disintegrate the pathogenic bacteria adsorbed on the magnetic ball and release them into the supernatant; S4: Then close the magnetic mixing mechanism again, let it stand and the single-celled immunomagnetic balls sink to the bottom, and use the suction mechanism to extract the supernatant containing the disintegration products of pathogenic bacteria, and then discharge the remaining cleaning water from the outlet. S5: Send the supernatant into the testing equipment for analysis to determine the presence and type of pathogens.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are as follows: 1. This invention separates the magnetic mixing mechanism into a side guide and a bottom guide, which independently control the radial and vertical movements of the monochromatic immunomagnetic beads, combined with rotational movement. The control components generate an interactive magnetic field, enabling the monochromatic immunomagnetic beads to move in a three-dimensional composite motion within the container. Combined with the mutual repulsion of the monochromatic immunomagnetic beads due to their aligned fixed magnetic poles, the beads spontaneously maintain a highly dispersed state within the container. This effectively avoids the problem of agglomeration and sedimentation common with traditional superparamagnetic beads or non-magnetic oriented magnetic beads, significantly increasing the probability of single-particle collision and capture of pathogens in the fresh crushed extrusion liquid. Furthermore, the non-contact magnetic field drive replaces the mechanical stirring shaft, eliminating physical shear damage to the monochromatic immunomagnetic beads and reducing their usage cost.

[0017] 2. In this invention, the magnetic pillars are equidistantly distributed around the outside of the tank, with equal angular intervals between adjacent pillars. This ensures the uniformity of the radial magnetic force at all positions around the tank, eliminating magnetic field blind spots. The disk generates an alternating axial magnetic field as it rotates with the mounting cylinder, further dispersing any potential local aggregation of magnetic spheres. Under the synergistic effect of the mutual repulsion properties of the single-particle magnetic spheres, even without an external magnetic field, it is difficult for the magnetic spheres to form strong agglomerates, maintaining good redispersibility. Efficient mixing can be achieved without the need for additional dispersants, simplifying the operation process.

[0018] 3. This invention adopts a completely non-contact magnetic field driving method. The entire mixing process does not require any moving parts to enter the tank, eliminating the risk of secondary contamination of the sample by the internal stirring components. At the same time, there are no dead corners in the internal space, and cleaning is effective and rapid. It is particularly suitable for application scenarios with high cleanliness requirements, such as the detection of pathogens in fresh food. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a first-view perspective three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention after removing the tank body, tank cover and disk. Figure 3 This is a two-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention from a second perspective after removing the tank body, tank cover and disk. Figure 4 This is a bottom sectional view of the support plate at position two of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is the present invention. Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram of region A in the middle; Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the disk and magnetic cylinders of the present invention; Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the overall side cross-sectional structure of the small-diameter liquid inlet embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is the present invention. Figure 8 Enlarged structural diagram of region B in the middle; Figure 10 This is a top view structural diagram of the guide plate of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the overall side cross-sectional structure of the full-mouth large-diameter liquid inlet embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Magnetic mixing mechanism; 11. Side guide; 111. Magnetic column; 112. Electrical contact base; 12. Bottom guide; 121. Mounting cylinder; 122. Magnetic disk; 13. Control assembly; 131. Connecting gear; 132. Rotating gear; 133. Support plate one; 134. Drive gear; 135. Gear ring; 136. Driven gear; 137. Electrode brush; 138. Electrical contact piece; 139. Mounting base; 14. Single-celled immunomagnetic ball; 2. Support leg; 3. Tank body; 31. Liquid outlet; 4. 41. Can lid; 42. Liquid extraction port; 5. Conveying port; 6. Outer support ring; 73. Support plate II; 8. Electromagnetic unit; 9. Suction mechanism; 10. Bellows; 11. Suction head; 12. Small diameter liquid inlet; 13. Airbag; 14. Anti-clogging component; 15. Splined shaft; 16. Connecting block; 17. Connecting pin; 18. Guide plate; 19. Bevel gear I; 10. Bevel gear II; 11. Sealing cover; 12. Small motor; 13. Wave groove; 14. Air film. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below, but it should be understood that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.

[0022] Example 1 In existing technologies, magnetic balls are firmly adsorbed to the bottom or sidewall of a container under the action of a static magnetic field in one direction, and cannot move actively in the entire liquid layer of the sample liquid. As a result, the contact between the magnetic balls and pathogens is mainly limited to the area near the bottom of the container. Fresh crushed extruded liquid contains a large number of tissue debris and particulate matter of varying particle sizes. Some types of pathogens (such as Listeria monocytogenes, certain serotypes of Escherichia coli, etc.) have a strong tendency to ascend or tend to suspend in the upper layer of the liquid, and are not easy to naturally settle to the bottom and contact the magnetic balls. This spatial isolation state of "magnetic balls below, pathogens above" seriously limits the magnetic balls' ability to capture pathogens in the upper layer, resulting in false negatives for some pathogens in the test results, reducing the accuracy and reliability of the test. In addition, magnetic balls in the static adsorption state are prone to form dense aggregates. The surface antibodies of the magnetic balls inside the aggregates cannot contact the pathogens, further reducing the effective capture area and binding efficiency.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 8 In this embodiment, the container includes a can body 3 and a can lid 4 installed on the top of the can body 3. The can body 3 contains a plurality of single-atom immunomagnetic balls 14 (single-atom immunomagnetic balls 14 refer to magnetic particles inside the magnetic ball that are oriented in the same direction, so that the surface of the magnetic ball is a miniature permanent magnet with fixed magnetic poles N or S, and its surface is covered with pathogenic bacteria antibodies. This magnetic ball is a mature technology). The outer side and bottom of the can body 3 are provided with a magnetic mixing mechanism 1 for adjusting the position of the single-atom immunomagnetic balls 14 inside.

[0024] The can lid 4 is provided with a conveying port 42 for inputting fresh crushed extrusion liquid, cleaning water and pyrolysis agent. The lower side of the can body 3 is provided with an outer support ring 5. The outer support ring 5 is fixedly connected to the can body 3 by several support legs 2. The bottom center of the can body 3 is provided with a liquid outlet 31. Several support plates 51 are fixedly connected to the outer support ring 5 at equal intervals in the radial direction. The support plates 51 are connected and rotate together on the liquid outlet 31.

[0025] The magnetic mixing mechanism 1 includes a side guide 11 disposed on the outer side of the ring wall of the tank 3 for controlling the radial movement of the single-celled immunomagnetic ball 14, and a bottom guide 12 disposed at the bottom of the tank 3 for controlling the vertical movement of the single-celled immunomagnetic ball 14. The side guide 11 and the bottom guide 12 alternately generate an interactive magnetic field through the control component 13 disposed at the bottom of the tank 3 to control the movement of the single-celled immunomagnetic ball 14.

[0026] The side guide 11 includes several vertically distributed magnetic columns 111 arranged circumferentially at equal intervals outside the ring wall of the tank body 3. Electromagnetic units 6 (conventional electromagnetic coils) are fixedly installed at equal intervals along the length of the magnetic columns 111. The bottom guide 12 includes a mounting cylinder 121 rotatably mounted on the liquid outlet 31. A disk 122 is fixedly connected to the outside of the mounting cylinder 121. Several electromagnetic units 6 are uniformly fixedly installed inside the disk 122.

[0027] A power connector 112 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the magnetic column 111 and the lower side of the disk 122. Each electromagnetic unit 6 inside the disk 122 and the magnetic column 111 is electrically connected in series with the power connector 112. The positive and negative poles of the power connector 112 extend downward through the electrode brush 137, and the lower end of the electrode brush 137 is a graphite brush.

[0028] Working principle: When the power base 112 is energized, the electromagnetic units 6 in each magnetic column 111 simultaneously generate a magnetic field perpendicular to the central axis of the tank 3. In this implementation, the electromagnetic units 6 in each magnetic column 111 are energized in the same way. Each magnetic column 111 will simultaneously generate an attractive or repulsive force on the monochromatic immunomagnetic ball 14. By switching the current direction, the magnetism of the magnetic column 111 facing the tank 3 can be alternately changed, thereby driving the monochromatic immunomagnetic ball 14 to move towards the tank wall or the center of the tank 3 and rotate around the central axis of the tank 3. The electromagnetic units 6 in the disk 122 generate a unidirectional axial magnetic field, thereby driving the monochromatic immunomagnetic ball 14 to move upward or downward. The control component 13 alternately supplies power to the side lead 11 and the bottom lead 12. The interactive magnetic field generated by the two, combined with the rotation of the magnetic mixing mechanism 1, causes the monochromatic immunomagnetic ball 14 to make a compound motion in the radial, vertical and circumferential directions in the tank 3, forming a turbulent state, thereby fully mixing the liquid and the monochromatic immunomagnetic ball 14.

[0029] It should be emphasized that the core improvement of this embodiment lies in the following: the magnetic mixing mechanism 1 is split into a side guide 11 and a bottom guide 12, which independently control the radial and vertical movements of the single-particle immunomagnetic balls 14, and also have rotational movements. The control component 13 is used to make the two alternately generate interactive magnetic fields, realizing the three-dimensional composite movement of the magnetic balls in the tank 3. Combined with the mutual repulsion characteristics generated by the single-particle immunomagnetic balls 14 due to the consistent direction of their fixed magnetic poles, the magnetic balls can spontaneously maintain a highly dispersed state in the tank 3, effectively avoiding the problem of easy agglomeration and sedimentation of traditional superparamagnetic beads or non-magnetic oriented magnetic balls. This significantly improves the probability of single-particle collision and capture of pathogens in the fresh crushed extrusion liquid. At the same time, the non-contact magnetic field drive replaces the mechanical stirring shaft, eliminating the physical shear damage to the magnetic balls and reducing the cost of using the magnetic balls.

[0030] It should be noted that, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 The magnetic columns 111 are equidistantly distributed around the outside of the canister 3, with equal angles between adjacent magnetic columns 111. They are also rotated to ensure that the radial magnetic force is uniform at all positions around the canister 3, preventing the occurrence of magnetic field blind spots. At the same time, the rotational motion pulls the monochromatic immunomagnetic balls 14 to follow the rotation, further increasing the range of motion of the monochromatic immunomagnetic balls 14.

[0031] It should be noted that, such as Figure 3 The disk 122 is fixedly installed outside the mounting cylinder 121, which is rotatably mounted on the liquid outlet 31. Therefore, the disk 122 can rotate with the mounting cylinder 121, generating an alternating axial magnetic field during rotation, which further breaks up the aggregates of single-acid immunomagnetic beads 14.

[0032] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3In this embodiment, an outer support ring 5 is provided at the bottom of the tank body 3. The outer support ring 5 is fixedly connected to the tank body 3 by several support legs 2. An outlet 31 is provided at the center of the bottom of the tank body 3. Several support plates 51 are fixedly connected to the outer support ring 5 at equal intervals in the radial direction. Each support plate 51 is connected and rotated together on the outlet 31 to provide stable support for the tank body 3 and accommodate the installation space of the control component 13.

[0033] Example 2 It is understandable that in Embodiment 1, in order to avoid the magnetic fields generated by the side lead 11 and the bottom lead 12 from interfering with each other, the side lead 11 and the bottom lead 12 need to be alternately energized to generate an interactive magnetic field. The control component 13 can be implemented by using a conventional electronic control timing controller to control the on and off of the two electromagnetic units 6 respectively. Although this method can achieve the alternating function, in the detection environment containing liquid splash, moisture vibration and electromagnetic interference, the electronic control is prone to reliability problems such as signal drift, contact sticking or program runaway. Moreover, it is costly and complex to maintain. Therefore, a purely mechanical structure is needed to achieve reliable alternating power supply for the side lead 11 and the bottom lead 12.

[0034] like Figures 2 to 7 To address the aforementioned issues, the control assembly 13 includes several support plates 133 equidistantly fixed to the outer wall of the mounting cylinder 121, corresponding to the magnetic pillars 111. Each support plate 133 has a mounting seat 139 rotatably passing through it via a conductive slip ring, corresponding to the power connector 112 of the magnetic pillar 111 or disk 122. A rotating gear 132 is fixedly connected to the lower end of each mounting seat 139, meshing with the mounting seats 139 corresponding to the positions on each magnetic pillar 111, and connected to the gear ring 13. Inside the 5, the gear ring 135 is integrally fixedly installed on the outer support ring 5. The rotating gear 132 corresponding to the position of the power connector 112 on the disk 122 and the rotating gear 132 on the support plate 133 corresponding to the position of the power connector 112 on the disk 122 are connected by multiple connecting gears 131. A driven gear 136 is fixedly connected to the lower periphery of the mounting cylinder 121. A drive gear 134 is meshed around the driven gear 136. The drive gear 134 is driven by a motor.

[0035] Two arc-shaped contact plates 138, which are electrically connected to positive and negative wires respectively, are fixedly and symmetrically installed on the mounting base 139. The angle range of the contact plates 138 is less than 90°. The lower end of the electrode brush 137 slides in contact with the top of the mounting base 139. The contact plates 138 on the mounting base 139 of the disk 122 and the contact plates 138 on the mounting base 139 of the corresponding magnetic pillars 111 are staggered.

[0036] The mounting base 139 is surrounded by a protective cover, which is fixedly installed on the support plate 133.

[0037] Working principle: The motor drives the driven gear 136 to rotate via the drive gear 134, causing the mounting cylinder 121 and the support plate 133 fixed on it to rotate as a whole. The mounting seats 139 on the support plate 133 then revolve. Since the mounting seat 139 corresponding to the magnetic column 111 is connected to the gear ring 135 via the drive gear 132, it will rotate on its own axis when the mounting cylinder 121 revolves. Similarly, the mounting seat 139 corresponding to the disk 122 is linked to the adjacent drive gear 132 via the connecting gear 131, and it will also rotate accordingly. The position of the electrode brush 137 is fixed, and its lower end always slides in contact with the arc-shaped contact piece 138 on the top of the mounting base 139. When the mounting base 139 rotates, the contact piece 138 periodically passes under the electrode brush 137. Since the contact pieces 138 on the mounting base 139 of the disk 122 and the mounting base 139 of the magnetic column 111 are staggered, at any given time, only the circuit of the side lead 11 or only the bottom lead 12 is connected, thereby realizing a purely mechanical alternating power supply. Adjusting the arc length angle of the contact piece 138 can change the single power-on time, and adjusting the gear transmission ratio can change the alternation frequency.

[0038] It should be emphasized that the core improvement of this embodiment lies in the fact that by using a gear transmission system in conjunction with the staggered arc-shaped electrical contacts 138, the automatic timing on / off control of multiple electromagnetic units 6 is realized through pure mechanical rotation, replacing the traditional scheme that relies on electronic programming controllers. This mechanical control component 13 has higher reliability and stability in detection environments with humidity, vibration, and electromagnetic interference. It does not require programming or sensor feedback, and has extremely low maintenance costs, making it particularly suitable for on-site rapid testing equipment.

[0039] It should be noted that, such as Figure 1 The mounting base 139 is surrounded by a protective cover, which is fixedly installed on the support plate 133 to prevent liquid splashing from causing a short circuit or oxidation between the contact plate 138 and the electrode brush 137.

[0040] In this embodiment, the contact piece 138 is made of copper alloy material and its surface is silver-plated to reduce contact resistance. The graphite brush at the lower end of the electrode brush 137 has self-lubricating properties and can slide in contact for a long time without wearing down the surface of the contact piece 138.

[0041] Example 3 Understandably, in Example 2, after treatment with the lysis agent, the pathogenic bacteria disintegration products are released into the supernatant. The supernatant needs to be extracted from tank 3 for testing. Traditional fixed suction pipes are difficult to adapt to different liquid levels in the tank, and the supernatant contains a certain amount of fresh debris. This debris does not affect subsequent testing and can be suctioned using either a large-diameter or small-diameter method. However, both methods have certain problems. Large-diameter suction will generate air bubbles, which will affect the subsequent testing process. Small-diameter suction will cause the fresh debris to clog the suction port.

[0042] like Figure 1 , Figures 8 to 11 To solve the above problems, the can lid 4 is provided with a suction mechanism 7 for extracting the supernatant inside the can body 3. The suction mechanism 7 includes a liquid extraction port 41 fixedly installed on the can lid 4. The outer end of the liquid extraction port 41 is connected to a negative pressure device, and the inner end of the liquid extraction port 41 is connected to a corrugated pipe 71 placed inside the can body 3. The lower end of the corrugated pipe 71 is connected to a suction head 72, and the suction head 72 is surrounded by an air bag 73.

[0043] The suction head 72 has a full opening at its lower end and an air film 75 is fixedly connected inside it (e.g., ...). Figure 11 (as shown), or the lower end of the suction head 72 is closed and its side wall is equidistantly provided with several small-diameter liquid inlet holes 721 (such as... Figure 7 As shown, each small-diameter liquid inlet 721 is equipped with an anti-clogging component 74 for unblocking.

[0044] The anti-clogging component 74 is fixedly connected to the sealing cover 747 at the center of the bottom wall of the suction head 72. Several bevel gears 745 are equidistantly rotatable through the circumference of the sealing cover 747. Each bevel gear 745 is meshed with a bevel gear 746. The bevel gear 746 is driven by a small motor 748, which is fixedly installed inside the sealing cover 747. A spline shaft 741 is slidably and limitly connected to the center of the bevel gear 745. The outer end of the spline shaft 741 extends into the small-diameter liquid inlet hole 721 and is fixedly connected to a flat brush.

[0045] The inner end of the spline shaft 741 is rotatably mounted on the connecting block 742. A connecting pin 743 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the connecting block 742. A guide plate 744 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the enclosure 747. A closed-loop wave groove 749 is opened on the guide plate 744. The lower ends of each connecting pin 743 are slidably embedded in the wave groove 749.

[0046] Working principle: The buoyancy of the airbag 73 automatically ensures that the suction head 72 is always in the upper layer of the liquid surface. The bellows 71 can freely extend and retract to adapt to different liquid levels. After the negative pressure device is activated, the supernatant enters the suction head 72 and bellows 71 through the small-diameter inlet hole 721, and is finally discharged from the suction port 41. When a full-mouth large-diameter inlet is used, the lower end of the suction head 72 is completely open. The air film 75 is a flexible film material, which can be a polypropylene microporous membrane or a polytetrafluoroethylene membrane. The thickness of the air film 75 meets the requirements for flexible deformation, and the pore size is set within the micron-level range required for intercepting air bubbles. After the negative pressure device is started, a pressure difference is formed inside and outside the suction head 72. Under the action of the pressure difference, the gas film 75 bulges upward to form an arc-shaped filter layer. Due to the surface tension, the air bubbles in the liquid cannot penetrate the flexible membrane surface of the gas film 75, while the supernatant components in the liquid can pass smoothly through the micropores of the gas film 75. When the negative pressure stops, the gas film 75 recovers its planar shape by its own elasticity, and the air bubbles attached to it automatically burst. This structure uses the flexible deformation characteristics of the gas film 75 to achieve passive gas-liquid separation, effectively avoiding the interference of air bubbles being sucked into the detection equipment and causing optical or electrochemical detection signals. When a small-diameter liquid inlet is used, the small-diameter liquid inlet 721 will become clogged. By starting the small motor 748, the second bevel gear 746 drives each first bevel gear 745 to rotate synchronously. The spline shaft 741 rotates with the first bevel gear 745. At the same time, since the connecting pin 743 at the inner end of the spline shaft 741 is embedded in the wave groove 749, with the rotation, the connecting pin 743 is forced to make radial reciprocating extension and retraction along the trajectory of the wave groove 749, thereby driving the spline shaft 741 to make radial reciprocating extension and retraction while rotating. This allows the brush to rotate, extend, and retract in the liquid inlet while simultaneously reaching in, effectively removing the fresh debris clogged in the small-diameter liquid inlet 721.

[0047] It should be emphasized that the core improvement of this embodiment lies in the following: When using a large-diameter liquid inlet method, the air film 75 can solve the problem that the suction head 72 is located on the surface of the supernatant, which easily leads to air infiltration caused by changes in water level, resulting in the generation of bubbles. This effectively avoids the influence of bubbles on subsequent optical or electrochemical detection and ensures detection accuracy. When using a small-diameter liquid inlet method, the rotational motion and reciprocating linear motion are integrated into a miniature anti-clogging component 74 through a purely mechanical linkage. This realizes a composite action of a single power source driving multiple brushes to perform rotational brushing and axial shoveling simultaneously. Compared with the traditional unblocking method of individual rotation or individual extension, this structure can achieve efficient, synchronous, and dead-angle-free three-dimensional unblocking within the narrow small-diameter liquid inlet 721, effectively ensuring the smooth operation of the suction process.

[0048] It should be noted that, such as Figure 9The brush is made of flexible nylon filaments, and its planar shape matches the cross-section of the liquid inlet hole, which can effectively remove blockages without damaging the hole wall. The sliding limit fit between the spline shaft 741 and the bevel gear 745 adopts a hexagonal cross-section to ensure reliable torque transmission and smooth extension and retraction.

[0049] like Figure 8 and Figure 9 In this embodiment, the bellows 71 is made of food-grade silicone, with a smooth inner wall that prevents sample residue. The air bladder 73 has an anti-slip texture on its outer edge to ensure stable positioning in the liquid inside the container. An exhaust valve is also provided on the container lid 4 to balance the air pressure inside and outside the container before negative pressure suction.

[0050] This invention also discloses a detection method for a microbial detection device, the specific detection method comprising the following steps: S1: Fresh crushed extruded liquid is fed into tank 3 through conveyor port 42. The magnetic mixing mechanism 1 is started. The side guide 11 and bottom guide 12 alternately generate magnetic fields to drive the single-acid immunomagnetic balls 14 to move, so that they are fully mixed and the surface antibodies are used to capture pathogens in the extruded liquid. S2: Then close the magnetic mixing mechanism 1, let it stand and allow the single-celled immunomagnetic balls 14 to settle, and open the outlet 31 to drain excess liquid. S3: Re-introduce clean water and pyrolysis agent through the inlet 42, and restart the magnetic mixing mechanism 1. The pyrolysis agent causes the pathogenic bacteria adsorbed on the magnetic ball to disintegrate and be released into the supernatant. S4: Then close the magnetic mixing mechanism 1 again. After standing, the single-celled immunomagnetic ball 14 sinks to the bottom. The supernatant containing the disintegration products of pathogenic bacteria is extracted by the suction mechanism 7. The remaining cleaning water is then discharged from the outlet 31. S5: Send the supernatant into the testing equipment for analysis to determine the presence and type of pathogens.

[0051] The basic principles, main features, and advantages of this application have been described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that this application is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely the principles of this application. Various changes and modifications can be made to this application without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed application.

Claims

1. A microbial detection device, comprising a tank (3) and a tank cover (4) mounted on top of the tank (3), characterized in that, The canister (3) contains a number of single-atom immunomagnetic balls (14), and the outside and bottom of the canister (3) are provided with a magnetic mixing mechanism (1) for adjusting the position of the single-atom immunomagnetic balls (14) inside. The can lid (4) is provided with a conveying port (42) for inputting fresh crushed extrusion liquid, cleaning water and pyrolysis agent. The lower side of the tank body (3) is provided with an outer support ring (5). The outer support ring (5) is fixedly connected to the tank body (3) through several legs (2). The bottom center of the tank body (3) is provided with a liquid outlet (31). Several support plates (51) are fixedly connected to the outer support ring (5) at equal intervals in the radial direction. Each support plate (51) is connected and rotated together on the liquid outlet (31). The magnetic mixing mechanism (1) includes a side guide (11) disposed on the outer side of the ring wall of the tank (3) for controlling the radial movement of the single immunomagnetic ball (14), and a bottom guide (12) disposed at the bottom of the tank (3) for controlling the vertical movement of the single immunomagnetic ball (14). The side guide (11) and the bottom guide (12) alternately generate an interactive magnetic field through the control component (13) disposed at the bottom of the tank (3) to control the movement of the single immunomagnetic ball (14).

2. The microbial detection device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The side guide (11) includes several vertically distributed magnetic columns (111) arranged circumferentially outside the ring wall of the tank (3). Electromagnetic units (6) are fixedly installed at equal intervals along the length of the magnetic columns (111). The bottom guide (12) includes a mounting cylinder (121) rotatably mounted on the liquid outlet (31). A disk (122) is fixedly connected to the outside of the mounting cylinder (121). Several electromagnetic units (6) are uniformly fixedly installed inside the disk (122).

3. The microbial detection device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, A power connector (112) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the magnetic column (111) and the lower side of the disk (122). Each electromagnetic unit (6) inside the disk (122) and the magnetic column (111) is electrically connected in series with the power connector (112) on it. The positive and negative poles of the power connector (112) extend downward through the electrode brush (137). The lower end of the electrode brush (137) is a graphite brush.

4. The microbial detection device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The control component (13) includes several support plates (133) that are equidistantly fixed to the outer wall of the mounting cylinder (121) around the corresponding magnetic column (111). Each support plate (133) has a mounting seat (139) that passes through the corresponding magnetic column (111) or disk (122) power connector (112) via a conductive slip ring. A rotating gear (132) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the mounting seat (139), and meshes with the mounting seats (139) corresponding to the positions on each magnetic column (111) within a gear ring (135). (135) It is fixedly installed on the outer support ring (5). The rotating gear (132) corresponding to the position of the power socket (112) on the disk (122) and the rotating gear (132) on the support plate (133) corresponding to the position of the power socket (112) on the disk (122) are connected by multiple connecting gears (131). The driven gear (136) is fixedly connected to the lower periphery of the mounting cylinder (121). The driven gear (134) is meshed with the periphery of the driven gear (136). The drive gear (134) is driven by a motor.

5. The microbial detection device as described in claim 4, characterized in that, Two arc-shaped contact plates (138) with positive and negative wires respectively are fixedly installed on the mounting base (139) in a centrally symmetrical manner. The angle range of the contact plates (138) is less than 90°. The lower end of the electrode brush (137) slides in contact with the top of the mounting base (139). The contact plates (138) on the mounting base (139) of the disk (122) and the contact plates (138) on the mounting base (139) of the corresponding magnetic column (111) are staggered.

6. The microbial detection device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The can lid (4) is provided with a suction mechanism (7) for extracting the supernatant inside the can body (3). The suction mechanism (7) includes a suction port (41) fixedly installed on the can lid (4). The outer end of the suction port (41) is connected to a negative pressure device, and the inner end of the suction port (41) is connected to a corrugated pipe (71) placed inside the can body (3). The lower end of the corrugated pipe (71) is connected to a suction head (72), and the suction head (72) is covered with an air bag (73).

7. The microbial detection device as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The suction head (72) has a full opening at the lower end and an air film (75) is fixedly connected inside it, or the suction head (72) has a closed lower end and several small-diameter liquid inlet holes (721) are equidistantly opened on its side wall. Each small-diameter liquid inlet hole (721) is provided with an anti-blocking component (74) for unblocking it.

8. The microbial detection device as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The anti-clogging component (74) is fixedly connected to the closed cover (747) at the center of the bottom wall of the suction head (72). Several bevel gears (745) are equidistantly rotated through the circumference of the closed cover (747). Each bevel gear (745) is meshed with a bevel gear (746). The bevel gear (746) is driven by a small motor (748). The small motor (748) is fixedly installed inside the closed cover (747). The center of the bevel gear (745) is slidably and limitedly connected to a spline shaft (741). The outer end of the spline shaft (741) extends into the small-diameter liquid inlet hole (721) and is fixedly connected to a flat brush.

9. A microbial detection device as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The inner end of the spline shaft (741) is rotatably mounted on the connecting block (742). A connecting pin (743) is fixedly connected to the lower side of the connecting block (742). A guide plate (744) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the enclosure (747). A closed-loop wave groove (749) is opened on the guide plate (744). The lower ends of each connecting pin (743) slide together into the wave groove (749).

10. A detection method for a microbial detection device, characterized in that, The detection method is implemented using a microbial detection device as described in any one of claims 1-9, and includes the following steps: S1: Fresh crushed extruded liquid is fed into the tank (3) through the conveying port (42), and the magnetic mixing mechanism (1) is started. The side guide (11) and bottom guide (12) alternately generate magnetic fields to drive the single immunomagnetic ball (14) to move, so that it is fully mixed and the surface antibody is used to capture pathogens in the extruded liquid. S2: Then close the magnetic mixing mechanism (1), let the single-cell immunomagnetic balls (14) settle after standing, and open the outlet (31) to drain excess liquid; S3: Re-input clean water and pyrolysis agent through the delivery port (42), and restart the magnetic mixing mechanism (1). The pyrolysis agent causes the pathogenic bacteria adsorbed on the magnetic ball to disintegrate and be released into the supernatant. S4: Then close the magnetic mixing mechanism (1) again, and after standing, the single-celled immunomagnetic ball (14) sinks to the bottom. The supernatant containing the disintegration products of pathogenic bacteria is extracted by the suction mechanism (7), and the remaining clean water is discharged from the outlet (31). S5: Send the supernatant into the testing equipment for analysis to determine the presence and type of pathogens.

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