Wall column root modular mortise and tenon splicing protection device and construction method thereof

Abstract

This invention discloses a modular tenon-and-mortise joint protective device for the base of walls and columns and its construction method. It includes several protective plates and rotating components positioned between adjacent protective plates. The protective plates are hinged together by multiple sets of rotating components. Each protective plate has an outer surface (A) and an inner surface (B). T-shaped ribs are spaced apart on surface B, and the T-shaped ribs have circular positioning pin holes. These are anchored to the floor using second long cement nails for auxiliary fixation. The rotating components include a first rotating connecting part, a second rotating connecting part, and a first long cement nail. The first rotating connecting part is located at the middle of one end of the protective plate, and two sets of second rotating connecting parts are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the other end of the protective plate. All three components have coaxial rotating through holes, and the first long cement nail penetrates the through holes and is anchored to the floor. This invention uses modular assembly, making installation convenient and positioning precise. It can prevent grout leakage and root rot at the base of walls and columns. The device is non-disassembly resistant and can be integrated with the concrete, avoiding structural damage during formwork removal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of building construction technology, and more specifically, relates to a modular mortise and tenon joint protective device for the base of a wall column and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] In the entire process of cast-in-place concrete wall and column construction, precise formwork positioning, prevention of grout leakage at the base, and protection of the finished structure are the three core procedures that determine the quality of concrete forming and the durability of the structure. These are also common technical pain points that have long been difficult to eradicate in the civil engineering construction field. At present, traditional wall and column base construction techniques still have many technical defects, which seriously restrict the quality of engineering construction and the promotion of standardized construction.

[0003] Traditional construction often uses non-standard steel scraps for formwork positioning, lacking a unified standardized management system. This results in inconsistent steel component specifications and positioning errors of 5-8mm, easily leading to excessive wall and column cross-sectional dimensions. Furthermore, the spaced placement of steel positioning points makes the formwork prone to elastic deformation under stress, resulting in poor wall surface flatness. Exposed steel components further degrade the structural appearance and lifespan. The common practice of using timber and cement mortar to seal and stop grouting at the base leads to insufficient component fit. Under concrete vibration conditions, gaps continuously expand, easily causing grout leakage and concrete root rot. Subsequent removal and repair not only increase construction costs but also damage the integrity of the original concrete structure.

[0004] Meanwhile, narrow and special working conditions such as floor slab settlement areas, beam height differences, and exterior wall corners present challenges due to limited space, poor fit, and frequent grout leakage issues associated with traditional sealing materials, becoming weak points in quality control. Conventional positioning fixtures all require later dismantling, and the demolding process easily damages wall and column corners, causing chipping and breakage. Residual anchoring holes require secondary repairs, continuously damaging the structure. Furthermore, traditional processes rely on on-site cutting and temporary assembly, lacking a standardized modular system, resulting in poor adaptability to internal and external corners and irregular bends, low construction efficiency, and construction quality highly dependent on manual skill, leading to insufficient stability.

[0005] Currently available tooling generally suffers from a lack of functionality. Positioning, grout sealing, finished product protection, and seamless integration are all disconnected from each other, failing to meet the needs of modular flexible splicing and full-cycle protection. The sealing structure is prone to cracking and falling off later, and leak prevention and finished product protection are completely disconnected. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned deficiencies or improvement needs of existing technologies, this invention provides a modular mortise and tenon joint protective device for the base of walls and columns and its construction method. The device uses multiple protective panels and a rotating assembly connecting adjacent panels to achieve a hinged mortise and tenon joint joint. It can be flexibly installed along the contour of the wall or column. The outer surface of the protective panel is designated as surface A, and the inner surface that adheres to the wall or column is designated as surface B. Integral T-shaped ribs are arranged at intervals along the length of surface B of the protective panel. Circular positioning pin holes are provided in the ribs, and a second long cement nail passes through these pin holes to anchor the protective panel to the floor base, thus providing auxiliary reinforcement. The rotating assembly includes a first rotating connecting part, a second rotating connecting part, and a first long cement nail. The first rotating connecting part is located at the middle of one end of the protective panel, and two sets of second rotating connecting parts are distributed on the upper and lower sides of the other end of the panel. All three components have coaxial rotating through holes, and the first long cement nail passes through these holes to anchor the protective panel to the floor. This allows the protective panel to rotate freely at multiple angles, adapting to various corner construction conditions, and also provides overall device positioning and fixation.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, according to one aspect of the present invention, a modular tenon-and-mortise joint protective device for the base of a wall column is provided, comprising a plurality of protective plates and a rotating assembly disposed between two adjacent protective plates; wherein... Several protective panels are hinged and spliced ​​together by multiple sets of rotating components, and arranged around the bottom of the wall and column to be poured. The outer side of each protective panel is flush with the outer side of the wall and column to be poured. The whole is permanently anchored to the floor and will not be removed after pouring, forming a permanent protective layer at the root of the wall and column. The outer side of the protective panel is defined as side A, and the inner side facing the wall column to be poured is defined as side B. Several T-shaped ribs are spaced apart along the length of side B of the protective panel. The T-shaped ribs are provided with circular positioning pin holes along their height. A second long cement nail is inserted into the circular positioning pin hole. The bottom end of the second long cement nail is anchored to the floor base, thereby realizing the fixed installation of the protective panel and the floor. The rotating assembly includes a first rotating connecting part, a second rotating connecting part, and a first long cement nail. The first rotating connecting part is fixedly installed in the middle of one end of a single protective plate. The second rotating connecting part is fixedly installed on the upper and lower sides of the other end of the protective plate. Both the first and second rotating connecting parts have coaxial rotating through holes. The first long cement nail passes through the rotating through holes of the first and second rotating connecting parts in sequence and is anchored in the floor. This allows for the hinged adjustment of adjacent protective plates while fixing the entire protective device to the floor.

[0008] Furthermore, the top of the A side of the protective plate is detachably fitted with several sets of parallel second rubber sealing gaskets, and the side of the second rubber sealing gasket away from the protective plate is in close contact with the upper wooden template.

[0009] Furthermore, the A-side of the protective plate is provided with crack-resistant mesh ribs. The crack-resistant mesh ribs are arranged below the second rubber sealing gasket on the lowest side. The crack-resistant mesh ribs include several longitudinal crack-resistant mesh ribs and several transverse crack-resistant mesh ribs. The transverse crack-resistant mesh ribs are arranged at equal intervals along the height direction of the protective plate, and the longitudinal crack-resistant mesh ribs are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the protective plate. The longitudinal crack-resistant mesh ribs and the transverse crack-resistant mesh ribs intersect each other perpendicularly to form a mesh structure, and the thickness of both types of ribs is less than the thickness of the later decorative surface plaster layer.

[0010] Furthermore, several micro-through holes are provided on both sides of the T-shaped ribbed flange, and the micro-through holes are evenly distributed along the surface of the flange.

[0011] Furthermore, the protective plate has several square grooves on its B-side facing the inner side of the wall column. The square grooves are all located on the empty plate surface of the B-side where the T-shaped ribs are not installed. All the square grooves have the same size and uniform spacing, and the groove depth is much smaller than the thickness of the protective plate itself. The square grooves are integrally formed by stamping and stretching process.

[0012] Furthermore, the protective plate has a plurality of spaced permeation holes on the back side of the second rubber sealing gasket, and the diameter of the permeation holes is smaller than the overall width of the second rubber sealing gasket. During the concrete pouring construction stage, the second rubber sealing gasket can completely cover and block the seepage holes, preventing the internal cement slurry from leaking out. After the external wooden formwork is removed and the second rubber sealing gasket is taken off, the curing medium can directly seep into the concrete at the base of the wall column through the seepage holes to achieve directional moisture curing at the base.

[0013] Furthermore, the bottom end of the protective plate has a continuous mounting groove along its length, and a first rubber sealing gasket is fixedly installed inside the mounting groove.

[0014] Furthermore, the outer contour corners of both the first and second rotating connecting parts are provided with rounded corner structures.

[0015] Furthermore, the thickness of the protective plate is set to 5mm to 20mm, and the height is set to 60mm to 100mm; the protective plate includes various standard modules and adjustment modules, the length of the standard modules includes 155mm, 205mm, 505mm or 1005mm, and the length of the adjustment module is 100mm.

[0016] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a construction method for a modular mortise and tenon joint protective device at the base of a wall column is provided, which is implemented using the aforementioned modular mortise and tenon joint protective device at the base of a wall column, and includes the following steps: S100: Select and match the corresponding protective plate modules according to the wall and column cross-sectional dimensions and corner angles. Conduct a comprehensive inspection of the integrity of the protective plates, sealing gaskets, and long cement nail components. Remove any damaged or ineffective parts. Clean the construction floor of debris and laitance and perform floor leveling to ensure a flat installation base surface that meets the high-precision installation requirements of the device. S200: The protective panels are sequentially joined by mortise and tenon joints using the end rotating components. The rounded corner structure at the hinge is used to freely adjust the bending angle to adapt to the corner conditions of the wall and column. Long cement nails are driven into the rotating through holes and circular positioning pin holes for double anchoring, and the anchoring depth is controlled to be no less than 30mm. After the assembly is completed, the installation accuracy is checked, and the positional deviation is controlled to be ≤±1mm and the straightness deviation of the splicing is ≤2mm / m. S300: Install the external wooden formwork, press the wooden formwork tightly against the second rubber sealing gasket on the outside of the protective board, and rely on the deformation of the second rubber sealing gasket under pressure to seal the splicing gap. Strictly control the fitting gap to be less than 1mm. After the wooden formwork is installed, carry out a water injection leak test. Let it stand for 5 minutes to check for leakage at the joint. If there is leakage, the position of the wooden formwork needs to be readjusted or the second rubber sealing gasket needs to be replaced until there is no leakage before proceeding to the concrete pouring process. S400: Carry out concrete pouring and vibration operations. Keep a safe distance of more than 100mm between the vibrator and the protective plate to avoid the device being moved by impact. After the concrete reaches the standard, remove the wooden formwork to prevent the root protective device from being bumped. Tear off the second rubber sealing gasket and cure the root of the wall column through the penetration hole. Add curing agent every 12 hours and the curing time shall not be less than 7 days. S500: Clean the outer surface of the protective board and spray an interface agent, then carry out wall plastering construction. Use crack-resistant mesh ribs to enhance the adhesion of the plaster layer and inhibit interface shrinkage cracking.

[0017] In summary, compared with the prior art, the above-described technical solutions conceived by this invention can achieve the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention discloses a modular mortise and tenon joint protective device for the base of a wall column. It employs modular protective panels combined with a three-point rotating assembly to achieve mortise and tenon hinged assembly. The outer side of the rotating connection is rounded to eliminate rotational interference, allowing for free adjustment of the panel angle without jamming. Combined with various standard and fine-tuning modules, it can adapt to various wall column cross-sections such as rectangular, L-shaped, and irregular corners, eliminating the need for on-site panel cutting and exhibiting extremely high adaptability. Simultaneously, the three-point hinged joint, integrated with the first long cement nail for unified anchoring, combines angle adjustment and overall positioning functions, effectively resisting lateral concrete pressure, preventing panel displacement and joint opening, and ensuring the overall flatness and structural stability of the device. 2. The present invention provides a modular tenon-and-mortise joint protection device for the base of a wall column, which adopts a double flexible sealing system consisting of a bottom first rubber sealing gasket and a top second rubber sealing gasket. The bottom sealing gasket conforms to the deformation of the floor and seals the tiny gaps between the board surface and the ground. The top sealing gasket conforms to the external wooden formwork and fills the assembly gaps, thus blocking the grout leakage channels in all directions. This completely solves the problems of poor sealing and gap expansion after vibration of traditional wooden blocks and cement mortar. It eliminates root rot and grout leakage at the base of the wall column from the root, without the need for later chiseling and repair, and fully preserves the integrity of the concrete structure.

[0018] 3. The modular tenon and mortise splicing protective device for the base of a wall column of the present invention adopts a permanent anchoring structure that does not require dismantling throughout the process. It relies on the first and second longest cement nails to form a primary and secondary double anchoring system. After the device is poured, it is permanently left at the base of the wall column to form a permanent protective layer. There is no need for subsequent formwork removal, which completely avoids the problem of scraping the corners of the wall column and causing chipped edges when traditional positioning components are removed. At the same time, there are no holes left after removal, saving the secondary repair process of holes, avoiding secondary damage to the structure, and effectively protecting the appearance and structural integrity of the finished wall column base.

[0019] 4. The present invention provides a modular tenon and mortise splicing protection device for the base of a wall column, which integrates multiple integrated reinforcing interlocking structures on the inner side. The T-shaped ribs formed by integral stamping enhance the deformation resistance of the protective plate itself, resist the lateral pressure of concrete, and prevent the plate surface from bulging. With the help of the micro-through holes of the ribs and the square grooves on the plate surface, it forms a multi-point mechanical embedding and through interlocking structure with the cast-in-place concrete. With the help of the plate surface interface agent, it achieves a dual combination effect of mechanical interlocking and chemical bonding, improves the joint stress-bearing capacity of the component and concrete, and strengthens the overall bearing capacity and crack resistance of the base of the wall column.

[0020] 5. The present invention provides a modular tenon and mortise joint protection device for the base of walls and columns, which integrates the functions of the entire process of pouring, demolding, curing, and decoration. It is suitable for construction scenarios in narrow spaces. After demolding, the top second rubber sealing gasket can be removed, and precise deep curing of the base of the walls and columns can be achieved through the permeation holes on the board surface, solving the common problem of uneven curing at the base. The crack-resistant mesh ribs on the outside can improve the adhesion of the later plaster layer and disperse the drying shrinkage stress to inhibit plaster cracking. At the same time, the thin and lightweight design of the components can be adapted to various narrow construction nodes. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a modular mortise and tenon joint protective device at the base of a wall column according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of side A of the protective plate of a modular mortise and tenon splicing protective device for the root of a wall column according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of side B of a modular mortise and tenon joint protective device for the root of a wall column according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a detailed drawing of a T-shaped ribbed panel for a modular mortise and tenon joint protective device at the base of a wall column according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall installation of a modular mortise and tenon joint protective device at the base of a wall column according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the installation of a modular mortise and tenon joint protective device at the base of a wall column according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the construction method of a modular mortise and tenon joint protective device at the base of a wall column according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] In all the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same technical features, specifically: 1-protective plate, 101-A side, 102-B side, 2-rotating assembly, 201-first rotating part, 202-second rotating part, 203-first long cement nail, 3-first rubber sealing gasket, 4-square groove, 5-second rubber sealing gasket, 6-T-shaped rib, 601-micro through hole, 7-circular positioning pin hole, 8-crack-resistant mesh rib, 801-longitudinal crack-resistant mesh rib, 802-transverse crack-resistant mesh rib, 9-permeability hole, 10-second long cement nail. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of this invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0024] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0025] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this invention involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0026] In this patent, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0027] Example 1 like Figure 1-6As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a modular tenon-and-mortise joint protective device for the base of a wall or column, comprising several protective plates 1 and a rotating assembly 2 disposed between two adjacent protective plates 1; the several protective plates 1 are hinged together by multiple sets of rotating assemblies 2, arranged around the bottom of the wall or column to be poured, with the outer surface of each protective plate 1 flush with the outer surface of the wall or column to be poured, and permanently anchored to the floor as a whole, not to be removed after pouring, independently forming a permanent protective layer at the base of the wall or column; the rotating assembly 2 includes a first rotating connection part 201 and a second rotating connection part 202. A first long cement nail 203, the first rotating connection part 201 is fixedly installed in the middle of one end of the single protective plate 1, and the second rotating connection part 202 is fixedly installed on the upper and lower sides of the other end of the protective plate 1 respectively. Both the first rotating connection part 201 and the second rotating connection part 202 are provided with coaxial rotating through holes. The first long cement nail 203 passes through the rotating through holes of the first rotating connection part 201 and the second rotating connection part 202 in sequence and is anchored in the floor. This realizes the hinged angle adjustment of adjacent protective plates and fixes the entire protective device to the floor. This invention employs a modular protective panel assembled with a multi-point hinged rotating component 2 using mortise and tenon joints. The splicing angle can be flexibly adjusted on-site, adapting to various cross-sectional specifications such as rectangular, L-shaped, and polygonal wall and column bases, making it suitable for a wide range of scenarios. The device relies on anchor nails for permanent fixation and does not need to be removed after pouring, forming a complete, permanent protective layer without the need for subsequent secondary corner protection, simplifying the construction process. The rotating component 2 adopts a three-point alignment structure with a central first rotating connection part 201 and two sets of upper and lower second rotating connection parts 202. The first long cement nail 203 simultaneously penetrates all hinged through holes to anchor the floor surface. The hinged nodes have both angle adjustment and overall positioning functions. During concrete pouring, it effectively resists lateral pressure, preventing the protective panel from shifting, splicing gaps from opening and grout leakage, and ensuring a continuous and flat surface of the protective layer after molding. The outer surface of the protective panel is flush with the outer surface of the wall column, ensuring a seamless transition between the protective layer and the wall surface after molding, without any protruding steps. The entire device surrounds and adheres to the floor and the base of the wall column, with the protective panel tightly spliced ​​with tenons and mortar, eliminating gaps and leaks. This replaces the traditional wooden beams and cement mortar sealing structure. During concrete vibration, the panels do not loosen or the gaps expand, completely preventing grout leakage at the base and avoiding concrete root rot from the source. No subsequent chiseling or repair is required, preserving the structural integrity of the cast-in-place concrete. It can quickly adhere to the interface between new and old concrete in confined spaces, solving the construction problems of traditional sealing materials being unable to be applied or having poor adhesion leading to grout leakage. It is directly anchored to the floor using long cement nails, permanently retained after casting, and requires no dismantling throughout the process. This completely eliminates the problem of scraping the corners of the wall column and causing chipped edges when removing traditional positioning components. At the same time, there are no holes left after removal, eliminating the need for secondary repairs and avoiding secondary structural damage, ensuring the integrity of the overall concrete structure.

[0028] Furthermore, the outer side of the protective plate 1 is defined as side A 101, and the inner side facing the wall column to be poured is defined as side B 102. Several sets of parallel second rubber sealing gaskets 5 are detachably mounted on the top of side A 101 of the protective plate 1. The side of the second rubber sealing gasket 5 away from the protective plate 1 is in close contact with the upper wooden formwork. After the wooden formwork is installed and tightened, the second rubber sealing gasket 5 can be driven to deform under pressure, filling the assembly gap between the protective plate and the outer wooden formwork, achieving full-section sealing protection at the joint. This structure adds a detachable second rubber sealing gasket, which can adaptively fill the assembly gap between the protective plate and the upper wooden formwork, and achieve flexible sealing by relying on the deformation of the rubber gasket under pressure, effectively avoiding grout leakage defects at the upper joint during concrete pouring and vibration. Moreover, the sealing gasket is detachable and can be directly removed after the formwork is removed, facilitating subsequent wall plastering and decoration construction.

[0029] Furthermore, the A-side 101 of the protective plate 1 is provided with crack-resistant mesh ribs 8. The crack-resistant mesh ribs 8 are arranged below the second rubber sealing gasket 5 on the lowest side. The crack-resistant mesh ribs 8 include a number of longitudinal crack-resistant mesh ribs 801 and a number of transverse crack-resistant mesh ribs 802. The number of transverse crack-resistant mesh ribs 802 are arranged at equal intervals along the height direction of the protective plate 1, and the number of longitudinal crack-resistant mesh ribs 801 are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the protective plate 1. The longitudinal crack-resistant mesh ribs 801 and the transverse crack-resistant mesh ribs 802 intersect each other perpendicularly to form a mesh structure, and the thickness of both types of ribs is less than the thickness of the later decorative surface plaster layer. By adding vertically intersecting anti-crack mesh ribs, the contact area and mechanical interlocking force between the outer surface of the protective board and the subsequent plaster layer can be significantly increased, effectively enhancing the bonding strength between different material interfaces. At the same time, the mesh ribs can disperse the drying shrinkage stress of the plaster layer, offsetting the stress difference caused by the inconsistency in the shrinkage rates of the substrate and plaster materials, and suppressing the problem of surface cracking. Moreover, the thickness of the ribs is lower than the thickness of the plaster layer, so they can be completely covered by the plaster layer without affecting the overall flatness of the wall and the appearance of the decoration.

[0030] Furthermore, the B-side 102 of the protective plate 1 is provided with several T-shaped reinforcing strips 6 at intervals along its length. The T-shaped reinforcing strips 6 and the protective plate 1 adopt an integral stamping structure, with high overall connection strength and no assembly gaps. The T-shaped reinforcing strips 6 have circular positioning pin holes 7 along their own height direction. A second long cement nail 10 is inserted into the circular positioning pin hole 7. The bottom end of the second long cement nail 10 is anchored to the floor base, thereby realizing the auxiliary fixed installation of the protective plate 1 and the floor. The addition of T-shaped reinforcing strips on the inner side of the protective plate can effectively enhance the overall bending strength and structural rigidity of the protective plate, resist the lateral extrusion load generated by concrete pouring, and prevent the protective plate from bulging, deforming and warping under pressure. At the same time, the ribs integrate positioning pin holes, which can standardize the anchoring position of the long cement nails. Together with the end rotating component, a double anchoring structure is formed, which further improves the overall installation firmness of the device and avoids the plate from shifting and loosening.

[0031] Furthermore, several micro-through holes 601 are provided on both sides of the T-shaped ribbed 6. These micro-through holes 601 are evenly distributed along the surface of the wing plate. During concrete pouring, the cast-in-place cement grout can flow through the micro-through holes 601, achieving interlocking between the inner structure of the protective plate and the cast-in-place concrete. By adding micro-through holes to the T-shaped ribbed wing plate, a flow channel for cement grout can be provided, allowing the concrete grout to pass through the through holes to form a mechanical tenon-and-mortise interlocking structure, significantly improving the bonding and anchoring force between the protective plate and the cast-in-place concrete.

[0032] Furthermore, the protective plate 1 has several square grooves 4 on its B-side 102 facing the inner side of the wall column. The square grooves 4 are all located on the empty plate surface of the B-side 102 where the T-shaped ribs 6 are not installed. All square grooves 4 have the same size and uniform spacing, and the groove depth is much smaller than the thickness of the protective plate 1 itself. The square grooves 4 are integrally formed by stamping and stretching process. The inner wall retains the same interface spraying treatment layer as the protective plate substrate to ensure that the bonding performance between the groove area and the concrete meets the standards. The uniformly distributed square grooves can disperse the lateral concentrated stress generated by concrete pouring, avoid local stress overload of the protective plate and damage to the substrate. At the same time, the grooves can form a multi-point mechanical embedding structure with the cast-in-place concrete. Together with the T-shaped ribs, the structural members and concrete can be enhanced to cooperate in bearing the load, achieving a seamless integration without disassembly, effectively improving the bearing capacity of the wall column root and the overall crack resistance.

[0033] Furthermore, the protective plate 1 has several spaced-apart permeation holes 9 on the back side of the second rubber sealing gasket 5. The diameter of the permeation holes 9 is smaller than the overall width of the second rubber sealing gasket 5. During the concrete pouring construction stage, the second rubber sealing gasket 5 can completely cover and block the permeation holes 9, preventing the internal cement slurry from leaking outward. After the external wooden formwork is removed and the second rubber sealing gasket 5 is taken off, the curing medium can directly penetrate into the concrete at the base of the wall column through the permeation holes 9, achieving directional moisture retention curing at the base. Relying on the coordinated design of the second rubber sealing gasket 5 and the permeation holes 9, the dual functions of preventing grout leakage during pouring and subsequent concrete curing are taken into account. During construction, the rubber sealing gasket blocks the permeation holes to avoid secondary grout leakage at the base; after the formwork is removed and the sealing gasket is taken off, the permeation holes can directly reach the base of the wall column, achieving precise deep curing, solving the common problems of inadequate curing and uneven wetting at the base of the wall column, ensuring uniform strength growth of the concrete, and effectively improving the structural durability and service life of the finished product.

[0034] Furthermore, the bottom end of the protective plate 1 is provided with a continuous installation groove along its length, and a first rubber sealing gasket 3 is fixedly installed inside the installation groove. After the protective plate 1 is anchored to the floor, the first rubber sealing gasket 3 is in close contact with the floor base and adapts to deformation under pressure, which can completely fill the tiny gaps between the bottom of the protective plate and the ground, achieving full circumferential sealing of the bottom end of the protective plate. This completely blocks the leakage channels of grout at the root during concrete vibration, eliminating the common quality defects of grout leakage and rotten roots at the root of the wall and column from the source. It eliminates the need for subsequent mortar sealing and repair, simplifies the construction process, and ensures the integrity and appearance quality of the concrete at the root of the wall and column.

[0035] Furthermore, the outer contours of the first rotating connection 201 and the second rotating connection 202 are both provided with rounded corner structures to smoothly transition the sharp edges on the outer side of the rotating connection, eliminate the sharp right angles on the outer side of the components, avoid the problem of sharp corner interference during hinge rotation and on-site installation, completely eliminate the sharp corner jamming and hard interference when adjacent rotating parts rotate, and allow the two adjacent protective plates to rotate flexibly without obstruction. They can be precisely adjusted to any bending angle required for construction, perfectly adapt to various right-angle and irregular corner wall and column construction conditions, ensure smooth and uninterrupted hinge adjustment process, and improve on-site assembly adaptability.

[0036] Furthermore, the thickness of the protective plate 1 is set to 5mm-20mm, and the height is set to 60mm-100mm. The protective plate includes various standard modules and adjustable modules. The length of the standard modules can be selected as 155mm, 205mm, 505mm, or 1005mm, and the length of the adjustable modules is 100mm. On-site construction can select one or more standard modules according to the actual outline dimensions of the wall and column, and supplement them with 1-2 adjustable modules to form an enclosure assembly. The protective plate adopts a thin and small-sized unit design, making the components lightweight, easy to transport, and flexible to operate. It solves the pain point of difficult construction for sealing narrow nodes. The multiple standard modules can be freely spliced ​​with the adjustable modules, which can adapt to walls and columns of any length and various corners. There is no need to cut or modify components on-site, realizing standardized assembly operations and greatly improving on-site assembly efficiency and dimensional adaptability.

[0037] Example 2 Combination Figure 1-6 ,like Figure 7 As shown, this invention provides a construction method for a modular mortise and tenon joint protective device at the base of a wall column. The method utilizes the aforementioned modular mortise and tenon joint protective device at the base of a wall column, and the specific steps are as follows: S100: Select and match the corresponding protective plate module 1 according to the wall column cross-section size and corner angle. Conduct a comprehensive inspection of the integrity of the protective plate, sealing gasket, and long cement nail components. Remove damaged or ineffective accessories. Clean the construction floor of debris and laitance and perform floor leveling to ensure that the installation base is flat and meets the high-precision installation requirements of the device. S200: The protective plate 1 is assembled with mortise and tenon joints by the end rotating component 2. The bending angle is freely adjusted by the rounded corner structure at the hinge to adapt to the corner conditions of the wall column. Long cement nails are driven into the rotating through hole and the circular positioning pin hole 7 for double anchoring. The anchoring depth is controlled to be no less than 30mm. After the assembly is completed, the installation accuracy is checked to control the positional deviation ≤±1mm and the splicing straightness deviation ≤2mm / m. S300: Install the external wooden formwork, press the wooden formwork tightly against the second rubber sealing gasket 5 on the outside of the protective plate 1, and rely on the deformation of the second rubber sealing gasket 5 under pressure to seal the splicing gap. Strictly control the fitting gap to be less than 1mm. After the wooden formwork is installed, carry out a water injection leak test. Let it stand for 5 minutes to check the joint leakage. If there is leakage, the position of the wooden formwork needs to be readjusted or the second rubber sealing gasket 5 needs to be replaced until there is no leakage before proceeding to the concrete pouring process. S400: Carry out concrete pouring and vibration operations. Keep a safe distance of more than 100mm between the vibrator and the protective plate to avoid the device being moved by impact. After the concrete reaches the standard, remove the wooden formwork to prevent the root protective device from being bumped. Tear off the second rubber sealing gasket 5 and cure the root of the wall column through the penetration hole 9. Add curing agent every 12 hours and the curing time shall not be less than 7 days. S500: Clean the outer surface of the protective board 1 and spray the interface agent, then carry out the wall plastering construction. Use the crack-resistant mesh ribs 8 to enhance the adhesion of the plaster layer and inhibit interface shrinkage cracking.

[0038] Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A modular mortise and tenon joint protective device for the base of a wall column, characterized in that, It includes several protective plates (1) and a rotating assembly (2) disposed between two adjacent protective plates (1); wherein, Several protective plates (1) are hinged and spliced ​​together by multiple sets of rotating components (2), and arranged around the bottom of the wall and column along the outline of the wall and column to be poured. The outer side of each protective plate (1) is flush with the outer side of the wall and column to be poured. The whole is permanently anchored to the floor and will not be removed after pouring. It independently forms a permanent protective layer at the root of the wall and column. The outer side of the protective plate (1) is defined as surface A (101), and the inner side facing the wall column to be poured is defined as surface B (102). The B side (102) of the protective plate (1) is provided with several T-shaped ribs (6) at intervals along its length. The T-shaped ribs (6) are provided with circular positioning pin holes (7) along their own height. A second long cement nail (10) is inserted into the circular positioning pin hole (7). The bottom end of the second long cement nail (10) is anchored to the floor base, thereby realizing the fixed installation of the protective plate (1) and the floor. The rotating assembly (2) includes a first rotating connecting part (201), a second rotating connecting part (202), and a first long cement nail (203). The first rotating connecting part (201) is fixedly installed on the middle of one end of a single protective plate (1). The second rotating connecting part (202) is fixedly installed on the upper and lower sides of the other end of the protective plate (1). Both the first rotating connecting part (201) and the second rotating connecting part (202) have coaxial rotating through holes. The first long cement nail (203) passes through the rotating through holes of the first rotating connecting part (201) and the second rotating connecting part (202) in sequence and is anchored in the floor. This achieves the hinged angle adjustment of adjacent protective plates while fixing the entire protective device to the floor.

2. The modular mortise and tenon joint protective device for the root of a wall column according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the A side (101) of the protective plate (1) is detachably equipped with several sets of parallel second rubber sealing gaskets (5), and the side of the second rubber sealing gasket (5) away from the protective plate (1) is in close contact with the upper wooden template.

3. The modular mortise and tenon joint protective device for the root of a wall column according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protective plate (1) has crack-resistant mesh ribs (8) on its A side (101). The crack-resistant mesh ribs (8) are arranged below the second rubber sealing gasket (5) at the bottom. The crack-resistant mesh ribs (8) include a number of longitudinal crack-resistant mesh ribs (801) and a number of transverse crack-resistant mesh ribs (802). The transverse crack-resistant mesh ribs (802) are arranged at equal intervals along the height direction of the protective plate (1), and the longitudinal crack-resistant mesh ribs (801) are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the protective plate (1). The longitudinal crack-resistant mesh ribs (801) and the transverse crack-resistant mesh ribs (802) intersect each other perpendicularly to form a mesh structure. The thickness of both types of ribs is less than the thickness of the later decorative surface layer.

4. A modular mortise and tenon joint protective device for the root of a wall column according to claim 1, characterized in that, The T-shaped ribbed rib (6) has several micro-holes (601) on both sides of the wing plate, and the micro-holes (601) are evenly distributed along the wing plate surface.

5. A modular mortise and tenon joint protective device for the root of a wall column according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protective plate (1) has several square grooves (4) on the B side (102) facing the inner side of the wall column. The square grooves (4) are all opened on the empty plate surface of the B side (102) where the T-shaped ribs (6) are not arranged. All the square grooves (4) have the same size and uniform spacing. The groove depth is much smaller than the thickness of the protective plate (1). The square grooves (4) are integrally formed by stamping and stretching process.

6. A modular mortise and tenon joint protective device for the root of a wall column according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protective plate (1) has several permeation holes (9) arranged at intervals on the back side of the second rubber sealing gasket (5). The diameter of the permeation holes (9) is smaller than the overall width of the second rubber sealing gasket (5). During the concrete pouring construction stage, the second rubber sealing gasket (5) can completely cover and block the seepage hole (9), preventing the internal cement slurry from leaking out. After the external wooden formwork is removed and the second rubber sealing gasket (5) is taken off, the curing medium can directly seep into the concrete at the root of the wall column through the seepage hole (9) to achieve root-oriented moisturizing curing.

7. A modular mortise and tenon joint protective device for the root of a wall column according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom end of the protective plate (1) is provided with a continuous mounting groove along its length, and a first rubber sealing gasket (3) is fixedly assembled inside the mounting groove.

8. A modular mortise and tenon joint protective device for the root of a wall column according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer contour corners of the first rotating connecting part (201) and the second rotating connecting part (202) are both provided with rounded corner structures.

9. A modular mortise and tenon joint protective device for the root of a wall column according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the protective plate (1) is set to 5mm to 20mm, and the height is set to 60mm to 100mm. The protective plate (1) includes a variety of standard modules and adjustment modules. The length of the standard module includes 155mm, 205mm, 505mm or 1005mm, and the length of the adjustment module is 100mm.

10. A construction method for a modular mortise and tenon joint protective device at the base of a wall column, characterized in that, The wall column base modular tenon and mortise splicing protection device as described in any one of claims 1-9 is characterized by comprising the following steps: S100: Select the corresponding protective plate (1) module according to the wall column cross-section size and corner angle, comprehensively check the integrity of the protective plate, sealing gasket, and long cement nail components, remove damaged and ineffective accessories, clean the construction floor debris and floating slurry and do ground leveling treatment to ensure the installation base is flat and meet the high-precision installation requirements of the device; S200: The protective plate (1) is joined by the end rotating component (2) in sequence to complete the tenon and mortise splicing. The bending angle is freely adjusted by the rounded corner structure at the hinge to adapt to the corner working condition of the wall column. Long cement nails are driven into the rotating through hole and the circular positioning pin hole (7) for double anchoring. The anchoring depth is controlled to be no less than 30mm. After the assembly is completed, the installation accuracy is checked and the position deviation is controlled to be ≤±1mm and the splicing straightness deviation is ≤2mm / m. S300: Install the external wooden formwork, press the wooden formwork tightly against the second rubber sealing gasket (5) on the outside of the protective board (1), and rely on the deformation of the second rubber sealing gasket (5) under pressure to seal the splicing gap. Strictly control the fitting gap to be less than 1mm. After the wooden formwork is installed, carry out a water injection leak test. Let it stand for 5 minutes to check the joint leakage. If there is leakage, the position of the wooden formwork needs to be readjusted or the second rubber sealing gasket (5) needs to be replaced until there is no leakage before the concrete pouring process can begin. S400: Carry out concrete pouring and vibration operations. Keep a safe distance of more than 100mm between the vibrator and the protective plate to avoid the device being impacted and displaced. After the concrete reaches the standard, remove the wooden formwork to prevent the root protective device from being bumped. Tear off the second rubber sealing gasket (5) and cure the root of the wall column through the penetration hole (10). Add curing agent every 12 hours and the curing time shall not be less than 7 days. S500: Clean the outer base surface of the protective board (1) and spray the interface agent, then carry out the wall plastering construction, and use the crack-resistant mesh ribs (8) to enhance the adhesion of the plaster layer and inhibit interface shrinkage cracking.

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