Method and device for reinforcing existing masonry walls

Abstract

This application relates to the technical field of reinforcing existing masonry walls, and discloses a method and device for reinforcing existing masonry walls. The method includes: drilling and cleaning the wall surface; providing precast screeds, the outer surface of which forms a thickness reference surface, with slots spaced along the length direction; installing the precast screeds so that the thickness reference surfaces are coplanar; installing horizontal reinforcing bars, embedding them into the slots and placing them on the same horizontal plane; fixing the horizontal reinforcing bars and sealing the slots; installing vertical reinforcing bars on the side of the horizontal reinforcing bars closest to the wall surface and tying them; installing anchors; and applying mortar in layers to the designed thickness. The device includes precast screeds, horizontal reinforcing bars, vertical reinforcing bars, sealing strips, and retaining strips. After installation, the distance between the outer surface of the horizontal reinforcing bars and the thickness reference surface is a fixed value, forming a protective layer control reference; the thickness of the precast screeds at the slots ensures that the distance between the vertical reinforcing bars and the wall surface meets the standard. This application can simultaneously control the plaster thickness and the thickness of the reinforcing bar protective layer, significantly improving construction efficiency and quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of reinforcement of existing stone masonry, and in particular to methods and devices for reinforcing existing stone masonry walls. Background Technology

[0002] In seismic reinforcement projects of existing masonry structures (especially stone masonry structures), the reinforced mesh cement mortar surface layer reinforcement method is one of the most commonly used traditional reinforcement techniques. This method involves laying a steel mesh on the surface of the original wall and applying layers of cement mortar to form a "steel mesh-mortar" composite reinforcement layer, which works in conjunction with the original wall to improve the structure's load-bearing capacity, stiffness, and integrity.

[0003] To ensure the thickness and flatness of the reinforced surface layer, a "screeding" technique is typically used during construction. This involves pre-fabricating several vertical or horizontal mortar strips on the wall surface as a thickness benchmark for subsequent large-area plastering. Traditional screeding techniques generally follow the procedure of "laying the steel mesh first, then creating the screed strips." The specific construction process is as follows: 1. Drill holes in the original wall surface and insert L-shaped anchor bars or S-shaped through-wall bars to fix the steel mesh; 2. After the anchor bar fixing material (such as cement-based grout or anchoring adhesive) has cured, lay the steel mesh. First, temporarily support the vertical bars on the wall surface using spacers, then tie the horizontal bars to the outside of the vertical bars; 3. On the laid steel mesh, use a wet-work method to layer and stack mortar to create screed strips, which serve as a thickness benchmark for subsequent large-area plastering; 4. After the screed strips have cured and hardened, then apply large-area mortar in layers.

[0004] Regarding the aforementioned technologies, before laying the steel mesh, it is necessary to wait for the anchoring material to cure, which typically takes 24 to 72 hours; after creating mortar reinforcement strips on the steel mesh, it is also necessary to wait for the reinforcement strips to cure, which typically takes 12 to 24 hours. The cumulative waiting time for these two processes alone can reach several days, resulting in multiple long technical interruptions in the entire reinforcement process, which severely restricts construction efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To expedite installation, this application provides a method and device for reinforcing existing masonry walls.

[0006] Firstly, this application provides a method for reinforcing existing masonry walls, employing the following technical solution: The method for reinforcing existing stone masonry walls includes the following steps: S1. Drill holes and clean the existing stone masonry wall surface; S2. Provide precast screeds, the outer surface of which forms a thickness reference surface for large-area plastering, and slots are opened at intervals along the length of the precast screeds. S3. Install the precast screeds, install the precast screeds vertically at intervals on the wall, and calibrate with a laser level to ensure that the thickness reference plane of each precast screed is in the same vertical plane. S4. Install the transverse reinforcing bars by sequentially embedding the transverse reinforcing bars into the corresponding slots on each of the precast reinforcing bars; after all the transverse reinforcing bars are installed, all the transverse reinforcing bars are on the same horizontal plane. S5. Fix the transverse reinforcing bars and seal the slots of the precast reinforcing bars; S6. Install vertical reinforcing bars. Place the vertical reinforcing bars within the spacing between two adjacent horizontal reinforcing bars, so that the vertical reinforcing bars are close to the wall. Tie the vertical reinforcing bars and the horizontal reinforcing bars together at the intersection. S7. Install anchors so that their hook sections hook onto the adjacent steel mesh intersections. S8. Apply mortar in layers, using the thickness reference plane of each precast spur as the thickness reference, and apply mortar in layers to the designed thickness so that the precast spur is completely covered to form a reinforced surface layer.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, precast screeds provide a precise thickness reference surface. Precast screeds are installed first, replacing the traditional wet-work mortar screeding with precast screeds. This transforms the on-site curing and waiting process into a dry operation of factory prefabrication and on-site assembly, achieving an overall improvement in reinforcement construction efficiency. Then, all horizontal and vertical reinforcing bars are fixed and installed sequentially. Even on uneven wall surfaces, a uniform protective layer can be formed (the distance from the outer surface of the horizontal reinforcing bar to the thickness standard is the protective layer). The distance from the outer surface of the horizontal reinforcing bar to the thickness reference surface is a controllable constant value. This constant value directly constitutes the control benchmark for the mortar protective layer. Even on uneven wall surfaces, the thickness of the protective layer from the outer edge of the horizontal reinforcing bar to the finished surface can be uniform, meeting the specifications.

[0008] Secondly, this application provides a wall reinforcement device for existing masonry structures, employing the following technical solution: The existing stone masonry wall reinforcement device, applied in the aforementioned methods for reinforcing existing stone masonry walls, includes horizontal reinforcing bars and vertical reinforcing bars. And precast screeds, which are vertically spaced on the existing stone masonry wall. The outer surface of the precast screeds forms a thickness reference surface for large-area plastering. Multiple slots are spaced along the length of the precast screeds, and the slots face away from the wall to accommodate the embedding of the horizontal reinforcing bars. After the transverse steel bars are installed, the distance between their outer surface and the precast screed thickness reference surface is a fixed value, which forms the control reference for the mortar protective layer. The vertical reinforcing bars are arranged on the side of the horizontal reinforcing bars that is close to the wall and are tied to the horizontal reinforcing bars. The thickness of the precast ribs at the groove is configured such that after the vertical reinforcing bars are installed, the distance between the vertical reinforcing bars and the wall is greater than or equal to the minimum standard distance. A sealing strip is embedded in the bottom wall of the groove, and a groove is formed on the side of the sealing strip facing the opening of the groove to mate with the outer peripheral surface of the transverse steel bar. The transverse steel bar contacts the sealing strip through the groove. The precast reinforcing bar is detachably installed with a baffle strip inside the groove. During installation, a squeezing force is applied to the transverse reinforcing bar towards the bottom wall of the groove, so that the transverse reinforcing bar is embedded in the groove of the sealing strip and fits against the groove wall. The end of the baffle strip contacts the sealing strip and the transverse reinforcing bar to seal the groove.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, after cleaning the wall surface, precast screeds are first installed to provide a precise thickness reference surface. Then, horizontal reinforcing bars are fixedly installed. These horizontal reinforcing bars are embedded in the sealing strip within the groove. When the retaining strip is installed on the precast screed, it fits tightly against the sealing strip and the horizontal reinforcing bars, sealing the groove and fixing the horizontal reinforcing bars to the precast screed. Because the horizontal reinforcing bars are attached to the groove wall, all horizontal reinforcing bars are fixed on the same horizontal plane. The distance from the outer surface of the horizontal reinforcing bars to the thickness reference surface is a fixed value, forming a control reference for the mortar thickness protective layer. This structure determines the construction... During construction, horizontal reinforcing bars must be installed first, followed by vertical reinforcing bars. After all horizontal reinforcing bars are installed, the vertical reinforcing bars are tied to the side of the horizontal reinforcing bars closest to the wall. Since the thickness of the precast screed at the groove is preset according to the sum of the diameter of the vertical reinforcing bars and the minimum standard spacing, after the vertical reinforcing bars are installed, a gap greater than or equal to the minimum standard spacing will naturally be left between them and the wall, without the need for additional adjustment. When plastering in layers, when plastering a large area to be flush with the screed reference surface, the thickness of the protective layer from the outer edge of the horizontal reinforcing bars to the finished surface is uniform, and the gap between the vertical reinforcing bars and the wall is also reliably guaranteed.

[0010] Optionally, the upper and lower ends of the precast screed are fixedly installed on the wall surface by pre-embedded rods.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, one end of the embedded rod is fixed to the wall and the other end is connected to the precast rib. It can be used with the absolutely horizontal and vertical laser plane projected by the laser level as a calibration reference, ensuring that the thickness reference plane of multiple precast ribs can be accurately located in the same vertical plane.

[0012] Optionally, the precast rib has a groove along its length, the groove is connected to the slot, and the stop bar slides into each of the slots through the groove.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, a continuous sliding groove communicating with multiple slots is opened on the rib body, and the stop bar is designed as a component that can slide within the sliding groove, which significantly simplifies the on-site installation process and reduces the difficulty of operation and labor intensity.

[0014] Optionally, the stop bar includes a blocking part and a limiting part, the limiting part being located on the side of the blocking part closer to the wall surface; the groove penetrates the thickness reference surface of the precast screed; when the stop bar slides into the groove, the outer surface of the blocking part is flush with the thickness reference surface of the precast screed, and the limiting part contacts the transverse reinforcing bar and applies the compressive force.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the limiting part not only restricts the stop bar from leaving the precast reinforcing bar, but also enables the limiting part to apply reliable compressive force to the transverse reinforcing bar to complete the sealing and fixing. Furthermore, the blocking part automatically repairs the reference surface at the groove opening.

[0016] Optionally, the number of the baffles corresponds to the number of the slots, with one baffle installed in each slot.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, each slot uses an independent short stop bar, which is flexible. When the transverse steel bar is installed on the precast rib, the stop bar can immediately fix the transverse steel bar and seal the slot.

[0018] Optionally, the baffle is a single strip-shaped component that slides along the length of the precast rib to sequentially block multiple slots.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, during construction, workers can install the stop bar into the sliding groove from the most convenient end of the screed (such as the top), and then push and slide it to the target groove position. This allows for simultaneous installation and fixing of the transverse reinforcing bars. Alternatively, when both ends of the transverse reinforcing bars are fixed, workers can simultaneously complete the final fixing of all transverse reinforcing bars on the entire precast screed and the sealing of all grooves in one operation when installing the stop bars of other precast screeds.

[0020] Optionally, a pre-fixing member for temporarily fixing the transverse reinforcing bar is provided in the groove, and the pre-fixing member and the stop bar do not interfere with each other in space.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, when the stop bar is a whole strip, it can also play a predetermined role in the transverse reinforcement through the pre-fixing component. The pre-fixing component can be an elastic buckle or a wire. During construction, the transverse reinforcement and the pre-fixing component are connected first, and the transverse reinforcement is temporarily positioned. Then, the stop bar is installed in a relaxed manner, making the process connection smoother and more tolerant of errors.

[0022] Optionally, it also includes several adjustable-thickness support members, which are arranged between the vertical steel bars and the wall surface. The extension length can be adjusted by rotation or sliding to adapt to different recess depths of the wall surface.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, when faced with the complex and diverse depressions on existing masonry walls, workers can dynamically increase the thickness of the support by simply rotating or sliding the vertical steel bars after positioning them, until one end of the support is against the wall and the other end reliably supports the vertical steel bars. The support can be adjusted in real time according to the actual depression at that location.

[0024] Optionally, the support member includes: Mounting block; A retaining ring is fixedly installed on the mounting block and used to engage with the vertical reinforcing bar. A rotating ring with a notch is rotatably mounted on the mounting block. The rotating ring has abutment strips at both ends, which restrict the rotating ring from rotating away from the mounting block around its own central axis. The abutment strips are used to form contact with the wall surface.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, when rotating the ring, the worker can steplessly adjust the extension length until the abutment strip is tightly against the wall. When the wall is too deep and exceeds the maximum adjustment capacity of the ring, even if the ring is rotated to the end, the abutment strip will be in a "suspended" state, which can intuitively inform the construction workers that "the depression here is too deep and additional treatment such as grouting must be carried out", thus forming a proactive defect detection mechanism.

[0026] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial effects: 1. By replacing the traditional wet mortar screeding with prefabricated screeding, the on-site curing and waiting process is transformed into a dry operation of factory prefabrication and on-site assembly, thus achieving an overall improvement in the efficiency of reinforcement construction. 2. Precast reinforcing bars provide a precise thickness reference surface. The distance from the bottom wall of the groove to this thickness reference surface is a fixed value. After the transverse reinforcing bars are embedded and fixed in the groove, the distance from the outer surface of the transverse reinforcing bars to the thickness reference surface is a controllable constant value. This constant value directly constitutes the control reference for the mortar protective layer. Even when facing an uneven wall surface, the thickness of the protective layer from the outer edge of the transverse reinforcing bars to the finished surface can be uniform and consistent, meeting the specifications. 3. First, install the horizontal reinforcement, then the vertical reinforcement. The vertical reinforcement is arranged and tied inside the horizontal reinforcement. This ensures the minimum standard spacing between the reinforcement and the wall surface without affecting the flatness benchmark of the outer horizontal reinforcement. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this application installed on an existing stone masonry structure according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 This is a side view of an existing stone masonry structure according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of precast reinforcing bars installed on existing masonry via embedded rods, as shown in the embodiments of this application. Figure 5 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of the baffle installed on the precast rib in an embodiment of this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the installation of the stop bar according to Scheme 1 in an embodiment of this application; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the installation of the stop bar according to Scheme 2 in an embodiment of this application; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the composition of the total thickness from the thickness reference plane of the precast rib to the wall surface in an embodiment of this application; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the support component in an embodiment of this application; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the construction steps of an existing stone masonry wall reinforcement method according to an embodiment of this application.

[0028] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 100, precast screed; 101, thickness reference surface; 102, fixing block; 110, groove; 111, clearance groove; 120, sealing strip; 130, stop strip; 131, blocking part; 132, limiting part; 140, sliding groove; 200, transverse reinforcement; 300, vertical reinforcement; 400, support; 410, mounting block; 420, retaining ring; 430, swivel ring; 431, abutment strip; 500, embedded rod; 510, fixing part; 520, threaded part; 530, nut; 600, existing stone masonry. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 11 This application will be described in further detail.

[0030] Example 1: Example 1 of this application discloses a wall reinforcement device for existing stone masonry.

[0031] Reference Figure 1The existing masonry wall reinforcement device includes precast reinforcing bars 100, horizontal reinforcing bars 200, and vertical reinforcing bars 300. The existing masonry wall 600 can be a brick wall or a stone wall structure. The precast reinforcing bars 100 are industrially prefabricated strip components, and their materials can be cement-based composite materials or fiber-reinforced composite materials, which have sufficient structural strength and dimensional stability.

[0032] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 During construction, multiple precast screeds 100 are vertically spaced on the existing masonry wall 600. The outer surface of each precast screed 100 on the side facing away from the wall together forms a thickness reference surface 101 for a large area of ​​plastering. The spacing between two adjacent precast screeds 100 is 1.2m-1.5m, forming a partition between them. On a large area of ​​wall, plastering can be carried out in sections.

[0033] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 The precast spur 100 is fixedly installed on the wall at both ends by embedded rods 500. The embedded rod 500 includes a fixing part 510 and a threaded part 520. The threaded part 520 and the fixing part 510 are coaxial and integrally formed, with the diameter of the fixing part 510 being larger than the diameter of the threaded part 520. After drilling holes in the wall, the fixing part 510 is fixedly installed on the wall. During construction, a laser level is used for calibration to ensure that the end faces of the fixing part 510 extending out of the wall are all on the same horizontal plane. Fixing blocks 102 extend from the side walls at both ends of the precast spur 100. The fixing blocks 102 have through holes for the threaded part 520 to pass through. The side of the fixing block 102 against the wall is in contact with the fixing part 510, and then connected to the threaded part 520 by nuts 530. The fixing blocks 102 are fixedly installed on the embedded rods 500, thus ensuring that the thickness reference plane 101 of each precast spur 100 is ultimately on the same vertical plane.

[0034] Reference Figure 3 The precast reinforcing bar 100 has multiple slots 110 spaced along its length. The openings of all slots 110 face away from the existing masonry wall 600, and their orientation aligns with the embedding direction of the transverse reinforcing bar 200. A sealing strip 120 is embedded in the bottom wall of each slot 110. The sealing strip 120 has an arc-shaped groove on the side facing the opening of the slot 110, and the radius of curvature of this arc-shaped groove matches the outer circumferential radius of the transverse reinforcing bar 200. After the transverse reinforcing bar 200 is embedded in the slot 110, a portion of its outer circumferential surface rests within the arc-shaped groove of the sealing strip 120, forming initial line or surface contact.

[0035] Reference Figure 6The device also includes a stop bar 130 detachably mounted on the precast rib 100. The precast rib 100 also has a continuous groove 140 along its length. This groove 140 communicates with all slots 110 and penetrates the thickness reference surface 101 of the precast rib 100. A clearance groove 111 for inserting the stop bar 130 is provided at any end of the precast rib 100, and the clearance groove 111 communicates with the groove 140. The stop bar 130 is made of deformable plastic material, possessing a certain degree of elasticity and flexibility, facilitating its bending and sliding into the precast rib 100 along the groove 140. The stop bar 130 can be inserted into the precast rib 100 from the top or bottom end through the groove 140 and slide along the groove 140 to any target slot 110 position.

[0036] The sealing strip 120 inside the groove 110 is made of deformable rubber. When the stop strip 130 is pushed into the groove 110, it compresses the sealing strip 120. After being deformed by pressure, it transmits the force to the transverse reinforcing bar 200, thereby applying a continuous compressive force towards the bottom wall of the groove 110 to the inserted transverse reinforcing bar 200. Under the action of this compressive force, the transverse reinforcing bar 200 is further pressed into the arc-shaped groove of the sealing strip 120, and the two form a tight fit without gaps. At the same time, the end of the stop strip 130 forms a tight contact with the surface of the sealing strip 120 and the exposed surface of the transverse reinforcing bar 200, thereby completely sealing the opening end of the groove 110 and preventing the thin mortar from overflowing from the groove 110 when applying mortar over a large area later.

[0037] Reference Figure 6 The specific structure of the baffle 130 includes an integrally formed blocking part 131 and a limiting part 132, with the limiting part 132 located on the side of the blocking part 131 closest to the wall. When the baffle 130 slides into the groove 110 along the slide groove 140 and is installed in place, the outer surface of the blocking part 131 is exactly flush with the thickness reference surface 101 of the precast screed 100, thereby automatically repairing the gap in the groove 110 on the thickness reference surface 101 and ensuring the continuity of the reference surface when applying plaster over a large area; the limiting part 132 directly contacts the outer peripheral surface of the transverse reinforcing bar 200 and continuously applies a compressive force toward the bottom wall of the groove 110 to the transverse reinforcing bar 200.

[0038] Reference Figure 7 Regarding the configuration of the retaining strip 130, this embodiment provides two parallel optional schemes. Scheme 1: The number of retaining strips 130 corresponds one-to-one with the number of slots 110. Each slot 110 is independently installed with a short retaining strip 130. When installing the transverse reinforcing bar 200, the worker can independently and randomly fix each slot 110, which is convenient for local adjustment, replacement or maintenance.

[0039] Reference Figure 8Option 2: The stop bar 130 is a single strip component whose length covers multiple or even all of the slots 110. After the worker inserts the long stop bar 130 into one end of the slide groove 140, it slides continuously along the length of the precast spur bar 100 to seal each slot 110 it passes through in turn. In one operation, the final fixing of all the transverse steel bars 200 on the entire precast spur bar 100 and the sealing of all the slots 110 can be completed simultaneously, achieving the best construction efficiency.

[0040] When using the long stop bar 130 of Scheme 2 above, to ensure smooth operation and reduce the difficulty of process connection, a pre-fixing component (not shown in the figure) is also provided in the slot 110. The pre-fixing component can be an elastic buckle or a short section of wire reserved for binding. It is set on the side wall or bottom wall of the slot 110, and its spatial position does not interfere with the sliding trajectory of the stop bar 130 in the slide groove 140. The worker can first put each transverse steel bar 200 into the corresponding slot 110 one by one and temporarily fix it to the pre-fixing component, so that all transverse steel bars 200 are in a temporary stable state, and then calmly push the entire long stop bar 130 to complete the final sealing operation.

[0041] Based on the above structure, after the transverse reinforcing bars 200 are installed and fixed in the slot 110, the transverse reinforcing bars 200 and the wall surface of the slot 110 are in direct contact. The distance between the outer surface of the transverse reinforcing bars 200 away from the wall and the thickness reference surface 101 of the precast reinforcing bars 100 is fixed to a uniform design value. This value serves as the control benchmark for subsequent construction and directly determines the thickness of the mortar protective layer.

[0042] Reference Figure 5 The vertical reinforcing bars 300 are arranged on the side of the horizontal reinforcing bars 200 closest to the wall, i.e., inside the space of the horizontal reinforcing bars 200, and are tied to the horizontal reinforcing bars 200 with wire at each intersection. This spatial relationship dictates the assembly sequence during construction: the horizontal reinforcing bars 200 must be installed first, followed by the tying of the vertical reinforcing bars 300. More importantly, the thickness of the precast spur bars 100 at the groove 110 is not less than the sum of the diameter of the vertical reinforcing bars 300 and the minimum standard spacing, which is 5mm. Therefore, when the vertical reinforcing bars 300 are installed on the side of the horizontal reinforcing bars 200 closest to the wall, a gap of greater than or equal to 5mm is naturally left between the vertical reinforcing bars 300 and the wall, fully meeting the code requirements for the net distance between the reinforcing mesh and the original wall surface.

[0043] Reference Figure 9The minimum standard spacing of the vertical reinforcing bar 300 from the wall surface to the side closest to the wall surface is 5mm (D1), the diameter of the vertical reinforcing bar 300 is (D2), the diameter of the horizontal reinforcing bar 200 is (D3), and the thickness of the protective layer is (D4). The thickness of the protective layer is the distance from the outer surface of the horizontal reinforcing bar 200 away from the existing masonry 600 to the thickness reference surface 101, and the thickness of the protective layer is not less than 10mm. The total thickness from the thickness reference surface 101 of the precast spur bar 100 to the wall surface is greater than or equal to D1+D2+D3+D4. This total thickness design ensures that the thickness of the protective layer from the outer surface of the horizontal reinforcing bar 200 to the mortar finished surface is uniform and consistent throughout the entire wall and meets the specifications.

[0044] Reference Figure 9 To address the complex and varied local depressions on the existing masonry wall 600, and to ensure effective rigid support for the vertical reinforcing bars 300, which are precisely positioned inside the horizontal reinforcing bars 200, at any point, this device also includes multiple adjustable-thickness support members 400. The support members 400 are arranged in the gap between the vertical reinforcing bars 300 and the existing masonry wall 600. Their extension length along the wall normal can be adjusted steplessly or in stages by rotating or sliding, thereby adapting to the actual depression depth at that location in real time.

[0045] Reference Figure 9 and Figure 10 The specific mechanical structure of the support member 400 includes a mounting block 410, a retaining ring 420, and a notched swivel ring 430. The mounting block 410 is the basic structural component of the support member 400, with a base thickness of 5mm, consistent with the minimum standard spacing. The retaining ring 420 is fixedly installed on the mounting block 410. The opening size of the retaining ring 420 matches the diameter of the vertical reinforcing bar 300, allowing the entire support member 400 to be quickly and securely fastened to any position on the vertical reinforcing bar 300 via the retaining ring 420, without the need for binding or welding. The notched swivel ring 430 is rotatably mounted on the mounting block 410 around its own central axis. Both ends of the rotating body of the swivel ring 430 are provided with outwardly extending abutment strips 431, which constrain the swivel ring 430 along the rotation axis, preventing it from detaching from the mounting block 410.

[0046] The worker rotates the ring 430 around its center by turning it with their fingers. Because the ring 430 has a notch and abutment strips 431 at both ends, its outer contour is not perfectly circular. Therefore, the radial distance from the ends of the two abutment strips 431 to the center of rotation changes continuously during rotation, thus achieving stepless adjustment of the total thickness of the support member 400. Through the rotational adjustment of the ring 430, the support member 400 can adapt to wall surfaces with varying degrees of unevenness. During adjustment, workers continuously rotate the rotating ring 430 until the end of the abutment strip 431 reliably presses against the uneven masonry wall surface behind, forming a rigid support force transmission path. When a section of the wall surface is too deeply recessed, exceeding the maximum adjustment capacity of the rotating ring 430, even if the ring 430 is rotated to its limit angle, the end of its abutment strip 431 cannot contact the wall surface, resulting in a visibly suspended state. This suspension phenomenon can intuitively and objectively inform construction personnel that the recess is severe and requires additional treatment such as local grouting, thus forming a proactive defect detection and indication mechanism.

[0047] It should be noted that, to ensure a reliable connection between the reinforcement layer and the existing wall, this device is also equipped with corresponding anchors (not shown in the figure) depending on the reinforcement method. When using single-sided reinforcement, holes are drilled in the original wall surface and L-shaped anchor bars are inserted. The straight sections of the L-shaped anchor bars are anchored to the wall using cement-based grout, while their exposed 90-degree hooks hook and compress the steel mesh formed by the binding of horizontal steel bars 200 and vertical steel bars 300. When using double-sided reinforcement, steel mesh is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the wall. S-shaped through-wall bars penetrate the wall, with their two ends hooking onto the steel mesh on both sides of the wall. These are then spot-welded or tied to secure the reinforcement layers on both sides, connecting them into a unified whole to share the load. Example 2: A method for reinforcing existing masonry walls using the reinforcement device described in Example 1.

[0048] Reference Figure 11 The method for reinforcing existing stone masonry walls includes the following steps: S1. Drill holes and clean the existing masonry wall surface. Mark the drilling positions of the anchor holes on the original wall surface according to the design drawings. The anchor holes are arranged in a staggered quincunx pattern.

[0049] S2 provides precast screeds 100, which are strip-shaped components whose outer surface forms the thickness reference surface 101 for subsequent large-area plastering. Along the length of the precast screed 100, multiple slots 110 are provided at designed intervals. A sealing strip 120 is embedded in the bottom wall of the slot 110. An arc-shaped groove is provided on the side of the sealing strip 120 facing the opening of the slot 110. The precast screed 100 is also provided with a sliding groove 140 along its length that communicates with each slot 110. The sliding groove 140 penetrates the thickness reference surface 101.

[0050] S3, Install precast spur bars 100. Multiple precast spur bars 100 are vertically spaced on the existing masonry wall 600, with the grooves 110 facing away from the wall. The upper and lower ends of each precast spur bar 100 are connected and fixed to the wall via embedded rods 500. With the aid of a laser level, the thickness reference plane 101 of all precast spur bars 100 is forced to be on the same vertical plane, establishing a unified and precise construction thickness reference for the entire reinforced surface layer.

[0051] The thickness of the precast spur bar 100 at the groove 110 is not less than the sum of the diameter of the vertical steel bar 300 and the minimum standard spacing, which is 5mm. The total thickness of the precast spur bar 100 from the thickness reference surface 101 to the wall surface is composed of the minimum standard spacing of 5mm, the diameter of the vertical steel bar 300, the diameter of the horizontal steel bar 200, and the thickness of the protective layer, which is not less than 10mm.

[0052] S4, Install the transverse reinforcing bars 200. Horizontally embed each transverse reinforcing bar 200 sequentially into the corresponding groove 110 at the height position on each precast rib 100, so that the outer circumference of the transverse reinforcing bar 200 initially rests in the arc-shaped groove of the sealing strip 120. Then install the stop strip 130, which is made of deformable plastic material, possessing elasticity and flexibility. It can bend and slide into the precast rib 100 along the slide groove 140. The stop strip 130 applies compressive force to the transverse reinforcing bars 200, causing them to embed into the sealing strip 120 and conform to the wall of the groove 110. The end of the stop strip 130 is in close contact with the sealing strip 120 and the transverse reinforcing bars 200 to seal the groove 110. After all transverse reinforcing bars 200 are installed, each transverse reinforcing bar 200 is on the same horizontal plane.

[0053] S5. Fix the transverse reinforcing bar 200 and seal the slot 110 of the precast spur 100. Provide a stop bar 130 and install the stop bar 130 on the precast spur 100. The stop bar 130 is made of deformable plastic material and has a certain degree of elasticity and flexibility. The stop bar 130 is inserted into the relief groove 111 at the end of the precast spur 100 and slides into each slot 110 along the slide groove 140. When the stop bar 130 slides into the slot 110, the limiting part 132 of the stop bar 130 contacts the transverse reinforcing bar 200 and applies a continuous compressive force to the transverse reinforcing bar 200 toward the bottom wall of the slot 110; at the same time, the outer surface of the blocking part 131 of the stop bar 130 is flush with the thickness reference surface 101 of the precast spur 100. Under this compressive force, the transverse reinforcing bar 200 is further pressed into the arc-shaped groove of the sealing strip 120, forming a tight, gapless fit between the two. Simultaneously, the end of the retaining strip 130 forms close contact with the surface of the sealing strip 120 and the exposed surface of the transverse reinforcing bar 200, thus completely sealing the opening of the groove 110. After the groove 110 is sealed, it prevents the thin mortar from overflowing from the groove 110 during subsequent large-area mortar application, ensuring the density of the reinforced surface layer.

[0054] S6. Install vertical reinforcing bars 300 and install support members 400 on them. Determine the number and spacing of support members 400 required for each vertical reinforcing bar 300 based on its length and the estimated unevenness of the existing wall surface. Quickly snap the support members 400 one by one onto the predetermined installation positions on the vertical reinforcing bars 300 using the retaining rings 420 on them.

[0055] Insert vertical reinforcing bars 300, each equipped with a support 400, one by one within the longitudinal spacing between two adjacent horizontal reinforcing bars 200. The vertical reinforcing bars 300 are positioned close to the wall, inside the space of the horizontal reinforcing bars 200. Since the thickness of the precast spur 100 at the groove 110 is pre-set to be no less than the sum of the diameter of the vertical reinforcing bar 300 and 5mm, a gap of greater than or equal to 5mm naturally remains between the vertical reinforcing bars 300 and the wall after installation. Tie the vertical reinforcing bars 300 and horizontal reinforcing bars 200 together with wire at all intersections, ensuring a tight fit between the vertical reinforcing bars 300 and horizontal reinforcing bars 200 at the joints to form a cohesive reinforcing mesh structure.

[0056] S7. Install anchors. The anchors are L-shaped anchor bars or S-shaped through-wall bars. Pass the L-shaped anchor bars (or S-shaped through-wall bars) out of the drilled hole, so that their hook sections hook the adjacent steel mesh intersection nodes. Fill the drilled hole with fixing material (such as cement-based grout or rebar adhesive).

[0057] S8, Layered application of mortar. After the anchor bar fixing material has cured, using the thickness reference surface 101 of each precast spur bar 100 as a unified construction thickness reference, apply cement mortar in layers to the designed total thickness. When applying the first layer of mortar, forcefully apply the mortar to make it pass through the gap between the steel mesh and the wall surface, fill the space behind the vertical steel bars 300 and wrap the vertical steel bars 300; for the middle layer of mortar, use the thickness reference surface 101 of two adjacent precast spur bars 100 as a leveling track, and use an aluminum alloy scraper to level it horizontally close to the reference surface; the last layer of mortar finishes the surface, so that the final reinforced surface layer completely covers the precast spur bars 100, the retaining strips 130, the horizontal steel bars 200, the vertical steel bars 300 and all the supporting components 400. After troweling, curing is carried out according to the specifications to finally form a flat and uniform reinforced structural surface layer. The thickness of the mortar protective layer from the outer edge of the 200mm transverse steel bar to the outer surface of the surface layer remains highly consistent throughout the entire wall, meeting the current specifications that the protective layer thickness should not be less than 10mm and should have no negative deviation.

[0058] The implementation principle of Embodiment 2 of this application is as follows: Using the precisely coplanar thickness reference plane 101 established in step S2 as the absolute reference, in step S3, the slot 110 and the stop bar 130 are used to forcibly fix all the transverse reinforcing bars 200 to the same plane, thereby solidifying the key parameter determining the thickness of the protective layer—the distance from the outer surface of the transverse reinforcing bar 200 to the thickness reference plane 101—into a uniform, constant, and controllable design value across the entire wall area; simultaneously, through steps S4 and S5, "first installing the support member 400 on the vertical reinforcing bar 300, and then..." The strict procedure of "tying the vertical reinforcing bars 300 to the inside of the horizontal reinforcing bars 200", and the stepless adjustment and adaptability of the rotating ring 430 to the wall surface with different unevenness in step S6, as well as the active defect feedback under extreme conditions, eliminate the interference of the unevenness of the wall surface itself on the leveling benchmark of the outer layer of the reinforcing mesh. At the same time, the L-shaped anchor bars or S-shaped through-wall bars reliably anchor the single-sided or double-sided reinforcing mesh to the existing wall, ensuring the stability of the reinforced surface layer in the out-of-plane direction. Finally, the system simultaneously ensures the dual goals of high construction efficiency and high uniformity of protective layer thickness.

[0059] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A method for reinforcing existing stone masonry walls, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Drill holes and clean the existing masonry (600) wall surface; S2. Provide precast spurs (100), the outer surface of which forms a thickness reference surface (101) for large-area plastering, and slots (110) are opened at intervals along the length direction of the precast spurs (100). S3. Install the precast spurs (100), install the precast spurs (100) vertically at intervals on the wall surface, and calibrate with a laser level so that the thickness reference plane (101) of each precast spur (100) is in the same vertical plane; S4. Install the transverse reinforcing bars (200) and embed the transverse reinforcing bars (200) into the corresponding slots (110) on each of the precast reinforcing bars (100) in sequence; after all the transverse reinforcing bars (200) are installed, each of the transverse reinforcing bars (200) is on the same horizontal plane; S5. Fix the transverse steel bar (200) and seal the slot (110) of the precast rib (100). S6. Install vertical reinforcing bars (300), place the vertical reinforcing bars (300) within the spacing between two adjacent horizontal reinforcing bars (200), arrange the vertical reinforcing bars (300) close to the wall, and tie and fix the vertical reinforcing bars (300) and the horizontal reinforcing bars (200) at the intersection node; S7. Install anchors so that their hook sections hook onto the adjacent steel mesh intersections. S8. Apply mortar in layers, using the thickness reference surface (101) of each of the precast spurs (100) as the thickness reference, apply mortar in layers to the designed thickness, so that the precast spurs (100) are completely covered to form a reinforced surface layer.

2. A wall reinforcement device for existing stone masonry, applied in the wall reinforcement method for existing stone masonry as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Includes horizontal reinforcing bars (200) and vertical reinforcing bars (300). And precast spur bars (100), which are vertically spaced on the wall surface of the existing masonry (600). The outer surface of the precast spur bars (100) forms a thickness reference surface (101) for large-area plastering. Multiple slots (110) are spaced along the length of the precast spur bars (100). The slots (110) face away from the wall surface and are used to accommodate the embedding of the horizontal steel bars (200). After the transverse steel bar (200) is installed, the distance between its outer surface and the thickness reference plane (101) of the precast spur bar (100) is a fixed value, which forms the control reference for the mortar protective layer. The vertical reinforcing bar (300) is arranged on the side of the horizontal reinforcing bar (200) close to the wall and is tied to the horizontal reinforcing bar (200). The thickness of the precast spur bar (100) at the groove (110) is configured such that after the vertical reinforcing bar (300) is installed, the distance between the vertical reinforcing bar (300) and the wall is greater than or equal to the minimum standard distance. A sealing strip (120) is embedded in the bottom wall of the groove (110). The sealing strip (120) has a groove on the side facing the opening of the groove (110) that matches the outer circumferential surface of the transverse steel bar (200). The transverse steel bar (200) contacts the sealing strip (120) through the groove. The precast reinforcing bar (100) has a retaining strip (130) detachably installed in the slot (110). During installation, a compressive force is applied to the transverse reinforcing bar (200) towards the bottom wall of the slot (110), so that the transverse reinforcing bar (200) is embedded in the groove of the sealing strip (120) and fits against the wall of the slot (110). The end of the retaining strip (130) contacts the sealing strip (120) and the transverse reinforcing bar (200) to form a seal on the slot (110).

3. The wall reinforcement device for existing stone masonry according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper and lower ends of the precast screed (100) are fixedly installed on the wall surface by pre-embedded rods (500).

4. The wall reinforcement device for existing stone masonry according to claim 2, characterized in that: The precast rib (100) has a groove (140) along its length. The groove (140) is connected to the slot (110). The baffle (130) slides into each of the slots (110) through the groove (140).

5. The wall reinforcement device for existing stone masonry according to claim 4, characterized in that: The stop bar (130) includes a blocking part (131) and a limiting part (132), the limiting part (132) being located on the side of the blocking part (131) near the wall surface; the groove (140) penetrates the thickness reference surface (101) of the precast spur (100); when the stop bar (130) slides into the groove (110), the outer surface of the blocking part (131) is flush with the thickness reference surface (101) of the precast spur (100), and the limiting part (132) contacts the transverse steel bar (200) and applies the compressive force.

6. The wall reinforcement device for existing stone masonry according to claim 5, characterized in that: The number of the baffles (130) corresponds to the number of the slots (110), and one baffle (130) is installed in each slot (110).

7. The wall reinforcement device for existing stone masonry according to claim 5, characterized in that: The baffle (130) is a single strip-shaped component that slides along the length of the precast rib (100) to sequentially block multiple slots (110).

8. The wall reinforcement device for existing stone masonry according to claim 7, characterized in that: The slot (110) is provided with a pre-fixing member for temporarily fixing the transverse steel bar (200), and the pre-fixing member and the stop bar (130) do not interfere with each other in space.

9. The wall reinforcement device for existing stone masonry according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes several adjustable-thickness support members (400), which are arranged between the vertical steel bar (300) and the wall surface. The extension length can be adjusted by rotation or sliding to adapt to different recess depths of the wall surface.

10. The wall reinforcement device for existing stone masonry according to claim 9, characterized in that: The support member (400) includes: Mounting block (410); A retaining ring (420) is fixedly installed on the mounting block (410) and is used to engage with the vertical reinforcing bar (300); A rotating ring (430) with a notch is rotatably mounted on the mounting block (410). The two ends of the rotating ring (430) are provided with abutment strips (431). The abutment strips (431) restrict the rotating ring (430) from rotating away from the mounting block (410) with its own central axis as the rotation center. The abutment strips (431) are used to form contact with the wall surface.

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