Bending-shear composite metal damping device

Abstract

The application provides a bending-shear composite metal damping device, and belongs to the technical field of building anti-seismic technology. The device comprises an upper cover plate, a lower cover plate and two profile steel sections. The two profile steel sections are fixedly installed between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate, and are symmetrically arranged with the central axis of the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate as the vertical load direction. The central axis of the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate parallel to the load direction is the symmetry axis of each profile steel section, and each profile steel section is symmetrically arranged. The profile steel section is manufactured by bending or welding a steel plate. A cover plate relative displacement recording device is arranged between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate. The bending-shear composite metal damping device has the advantages of simple structure, easy processing, stable and durable performance, consideration of small yield displacement and large design displacement, precise locking of bidirectional displacement data and realization of over-limit intelligent alarm, convenient disassembly, maintenance and reusability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of seismic resistance technology in buildings, and in particular to a bending-shear composite metal damping device. Background Technology

[0002] With the improvement of my country's seismic fortification policies and technical requirements, current regulations and industry technical specifications have put forward mandatory requirements that buildings in "two zones and eight categories" should give priority to the use of seismic isolation or energy dissipation and damping technologies in their design. Among them, energy dissipation and damping devices improve the seismic toughness of structures by dissipating the energy input by earthquakes, and have become an important safety guarantee measure in engineering design.

[0003] Existing energy dissipation devices are mainly classified into friction type, metal yield type, and viscous type according to their energy dissipation mechanism, among which friction type and metal yield type are the most widely used in engineering. The main advantage of friction type dampers is their small slip displacement, which allows them to participate in energy dissipation even with minor interlayer deformation, thus providing good protection against minor earthquakes. In typical designs, the slip or starting displacement of friction type dampers is usually on the order of 1-2 mm, and the initial output force can be adjusted by the preload. The main disadvantage of friction type dampers is the wear of the friction surface during long-term service and the relaxation of the preload. These factors lead to the degradation of energy dissipation performance over time, increasing maintenance and replacement requirements, and affecting long-term durability and reliability. Metal yield type dampers mainly dissipate energy through the plastic hysteresis of metal, and can be divided into shear yield type and bending yield type according to the yield form. The advantage of shear yield type is that it can achieve a very small yield displacement, and in some engineering and experimental examples, the yield displacement can be controlled within 1 mm; its disadvantage is that the design displacement is often too small, with a common usable design displacement of less than 20 mm, which limits its ability to provide sufficient ductility under moderate and large earthquakes. The advantage of bending yield type dampers is that they can maintain energy dissipation performance over a large displacement range, with common design displacements reaching 30-60 mm. However, the initial yield displacement of bending yield type dampers is usually large, commonly exceeding 2 mm, which reduces their energy dissipation efficiency under small earthquake conditions. Unlike friction type or shear yield type dampers, they cannot efficiently dissipate energy at the small displacement stage.

[0004] In summary, while friction-type dampers can achieve small initial slip displacements, their durability is poor; shear-yielding dampers can achieve extremely small yield displacements but are often accompanied by limited design displacements; and bending-yielding dampers can provide large design displacements, but their yield displacements are relatively large. These characteristics make it difficult for a single type of damper to simultaneously meet the following four engineering requirements: very small initial yield displacement, sufficiently large design displacement, long-term stable durability, and a simple structure for easy manufacturing and maintenance. Currently, existing studies on "graded yielding" or "shear-bending composite" dampers have revealed feasible directions for improvement, but existing dampers of this type still suffer from structural complexity, manufacturing / installation costs, or difficulties in parameter matching, demonstrating the necessity for further optimization.

[0005] Therefore, how to ensure that the damper effectively participates in energy dissipation during extremely small displacements while providing sufficient ductility and continuous energy dissipation capacity during medium to large displacements, while maintaining structural simplicity and long-term durability, remains a well-resolved contradiction. Addressing this contradiction is of significant practical importance for ensuring the safety and economy of engineering projects. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem solved by this invention is to provide a bending-shear composite metal damping device that is simple in structure and easy to process, has stable and durable performance, takes into account both small yield displacement and large design displacement, can accurately lock bidirectional displacement data and realize intelligent alarm for over-limit, and is convenient to disassemble and maintain and can be reused.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a bending-shear composite metal damping device, comprising: an upper cover plate, a lower cover plate, and two steel sections. The two steel sections are fixedly installed between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate. The two steel sections are symmetrically arranged along the central axis of the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate in the direction perpendicular to the load direction. Each steel section is symmetrically arranged with the central axis of the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate in the direction parallel to the load direction as its axis of symmetry. The steel sections are manufactured by bending or welding steel plates.

[0008] Preferably, the steel section is one of channel steel, angle steel or I-beam.

[0009] Furthermore, L-shaped carrier plates are installed at the bottom of the upper cover plate and the top of the lower cover plate. A relative displacement recording device for the cover plates is installed on the two L-shaped carrier plates. The relative displacement recording device for the cover plates includes a follower push rod assembly and a recording assembly. The follower push rod assembly is installed on the upper L-shaped carrier plate, and the recording assembly is installed on the lower L-shaped carrier plate. The follower push rod assembly includes a follower push rod, and the recording assembly includes four recording units. The bottom end of the follower push rod is located between the four recording units.

[0010] Preferably, each of the recording units includes a pad, a slide rail, a slide plate, a contact plate, and a damping block. The pad is fixedly installed on the top of the L-shaped carrier plate located below. The slide rail is fixedly installed on the top of the pad. The slide plate is slidably installed in the slide rail. The contact plate is fixedly installed on the slide plate. The damping block is installed in the slide rail and fixedly connected to the slide plate.

[0011] The four contact plates on the recording units are arranged in a grid pattern, and the follower push rod is located between the four contact plates and is in contact with all four contact plates.

[0012] Furthermore, a toothed plate is fixedly installed on one outer wall of the skateboard. The toothed plate has several teeth, each tooth having an inclined surface and a straight surface adjacent to the inclined surface. A vertical seat is fixedly installed on the top of the pad. Two guide rods are slidably installed through the vertical seat. The same right-angled trapezoidal locking block is fixedly installed on the end of the two guide rods near the skateboard. The acute angle end of the right-angled trapezoidal locking block extends to the space between the corresponding two teeth, and the inclined waist surface of the right-angled trapezoidal locking block contacts the inclined surface of the corresponding tooth, and the lower bottom surface contacts the straight surface of the corresponding tooth. The same end plate is fixedly installed on the end of the two guide rods away from the skateboard. A hand hook is fixedly installed on the end plate. A first return spring is sleeved on the guide rod. One end of the first return spring contacts the right-angled trapezoidal locking block, and the other end contacts the vertical seat.

[0013] Furthermore, mounting brackets are fixedly installed on the tops of the two pads parallel to the load direction, and limit switches are fixedly installed on the tops of the two mounting brackets. A fixed base is also fixedly installed on the top of the mounting brackets. A hexagonal slide rod is slidably installed through the fixed base. A right-angled triangular abutment block is fixedly installed at the end of the hexagonal slide rod away from the limit switch. A second return spring is sleeved on the hexagonal slide rod. One end of the second return spring contacts the right-angled triangular abutment block, and the other end contacts the fixed base. An end block is fixedly installed at the end of the hexagonal slide rod near the limit switch.

[0014] Preferably, a square sleeve is fixedly installed on the L-shaped carrier plate located above, a square rod is slidably installed inside the square sleeve, and the square rod passes through the L-shaped carrier plate and is movably connected to the L-shaped carrier plate. The follower push rod is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the square rod, a limiting square plate is fixedly installed at the top end of the square rod, a threaded locking rod is threadedly installed on the square sleeve, one end of the threaded locking rod is integrally formed with a pin, a slot is opened on the square rod, and the end of the pin away from the threaded locking rod extends into the slot.

[0015] Preferably, positioning mounting plates are fixedly installed at the bottom of the upper cover plate and the top of the lower cover plate, and the two L-shaped carrier plates are respectively detachably fixedly installed on the two positioning mounting plates.

[0016] Preferably, two elongated waist-shaped limiting blocks are fixedly installed on the positioning mounting plate, and two elongated waist-shaped positioning holes are opened on the L-shaped carrier plate. The two elongated waist-shaped limiting blocks pass through the two elongated waist-shaped positioning holes respectively and are slidably connected to the inner wall of the corresponding elongated waist-shaped positioning holes. Each of the two elongated waist-shaped limiting blocks is provided with a long strip insertion port. A locking mechanism is installed on the L-shaped carrier plate. The locking mechanism is used to cooperate with the two long strip insertion ports to restrict the movement of the L-shaped carrier plate.

[0017] Preferably, the locking mechanism includes a middle fixed plate, two manual operating plates, and two locking plates. The middle fixed plate is fixedly installed on the L-shaped carrier plate. Two fixed sliding rods are fixedly installed on both sides of the middle fixed plate. The two manual operating plates are slidably sleeved on the corresponding two fixed sliding rods. The two locking plates are fixedly installed on the two manual operating plates. The two locking plates pass through the corresponding elongated insertion slots and are slidably connected to the inner wall of the corresponding elongated insertion slots. A third return spring is sleeved on the fixed sliding rod. One end of the third return spring contacts the middle fixed plate, and the other end contacts the manual operating plate.

[0018] Compared with related technologies, the bending-shear composite metal damping device provided by the present invention has the following advantages:

[0019] The bending-shear composite metal damping device provided by this invention has the advantages of simple structure, easy processing, controllable strength, and high material utilization.

[0020] The bending-shear composite metal damping device provided by this invention precisely designs the relative strength and deformation capacity of the "shear section" and "bending section" in the cross-section and arrangement of the steel profile. This allows the damper to yield first in the small displacement stage with the shear section (achieving a small slip displacement close to friction type), while in the large displacement stage, the bending element bears the large deformation and subsequent energy dissipation, thus taking into account both small yield displacement and large design displacement.

[0021] The bending-shear composite metal damping device provided by this invention achieves a smooth transition process by adjusting the ratio of the main bending section to the main shear section, and the calibration results of yield force and yield displacement do not change significantly under different forced displacements; the damper is designed based on the principle of yield type damper, avoiding the durability problem of friction type damper.

[0022] The bending-shear composite metal damping device provided by this invention integrates a relative displacement recording device for the cover plate. Through four recording units arranged in a grid pattern and a unidirectional locking structure, it can accurately collect and permanently store the maximum relative displacement of the upper and lower cover plates in the load direction and the vertical load direction during an earthquake. The displacement data is intuitive and traceable, providing real and reliable measured support for post-earthquake building structure safety status assessment and damage determination.

[0023] The bending-shear composite metal damping device provided by this invention, through the linkage triggering design of the sliding plate and the limit switch, can output an electrical signal in real time when the relative displacement of the cover plate reaches the preset warning threshold. When connected to the building structure health monitoring system, it can realize remote alarm and real-time prompts, allowing managers to keep abreast of the structural displacement exceeding the limit, and greatly improving the intelligence level of the damping device and the safety guarantee capability of structural vibration reduction.

[0024] The bending-shear composite metal damping device provided by this invention features an integrated cover plate relative displacement recording device with a detachable, quick-locking, and resettable structure design. This allows for rapid installation, disassembly, and maintenance without affecting the bending-shear composite energy dissipation performance of the damper body. Furthermore, the device can be manually unlocked for repeated use, resulting in efficient and convenient installation and maintenance, and significantly improved practicality and economy. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first embodiment of the bending-shear composite metal damping device provided by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shown is an exploded view.

[0027] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a second embodiment of the bending-shear composite metal damping device provided by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 for Figure 3 The diagram shown is an exploded view.

[0029] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the bending-shear composite metal damping device provided by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 for Figure 5 The diagram shown is an exploded view.

[0031] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the fourth embodiment of the bending-shear composite metal damping device provided by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 for Figure 7 The diagram shown is an exploded view.

[0033] Figure 9 for Figure 8 The diagram shows the structure of the cover plate relative displacement recording device;

[0034] Figure 10 for Figure 9 The diagram shows the structure of the recording component.

[0035] Figure 11 for Figure 10 The diagram shows an exploded view of the recording components;

[0036] Figure 12 for Figure 11 The diagram shows the structure of the corresponding recording unit;

[0037] Figure 13 for Figure 12 The enlarged view of part A shown;

[0038] Figure 14 for Figure 11 The diagram shows a structural schematic of the corresponding recording unit from another perspective.

[0039] Figure 15 for Figure 14 The enlarged view of section B shown;

[0040] Figure 16 for Figure 7 The diagram shows the assembly of the L-shaped carrier plate and the corresponding positioning mounting plate.

[0041] Figure 17 for Figure 16 The diagram shows the structure of the locking mechanism.

[0042] Figure 18 for Figure 16 The diagram shows the fit between the square rod and the threaded locking rod.

[0043] Labels in the diagram: 1. Upper cover plate; 2. Lower cover plate; 3. Channel steel; 4. Angle steel; 5. I-beam; 6. Follower push rod; 7. Pad plate; 8. Slide rail; 9. Slide plate; 10. Contact plate; 11. Toothed plate; 12. Vertical seat; 13. Guide slide rod; 14. Right-angled trapezoidal locking block; 15. End plate; 16. First return spring; 17. Hand hook; 18. Damping block; 19. Mounting bracket; 20. Limit switch; 21. Fixed seat; 22. Hexagonal slide rod; 23. Right-angled triangular abutment block; 24. End block; 25. Second return spring; 26. Square rod; 27. Square sleeve; 28. Threaded locking rod; 29. ​​Long waist-shaped limiting block; 30. Intermediate fixed plate; 31. Fixed slide rod; 32. Hand control plate; 33. Third return spring; 34. Locking plate; 40. Positioning mounting plate; 50. L-shaped carrier plate. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0045] First embodiment:

[0046] Please refer to the following: Figures 1-2In the first embodiment of the present invention, the bending-shear composite metal damping device includes: an upper cover plate 1, a lower cover plate 2, and two steel sections, each of which is a channel steel 3. The two channel steels 3 are welded and fixedly installed between the upper cover plate 1 and the lower cover plate 2. The two channel steels 3 are symmetrically arranged along the central axis perpendicular to the load direction of the upper cover plate 1 and the lower cover plate 2. Each channel steel 3 is symmetrically arranged with the central axis parallel to the load direction of the upper cover plate 1 and the lower cover plate 2 as its axis of symmetry. This symmetrical arrangement can ensure that the damper is subjected to balanced force, without torsion or lateral displacement during the stress process, and ensure the stable triggering of the bending-shear composite yielding mechanism. The channel steel 3 is formed by bending steel plates. The material of the channel steel 3 can be mild steel or other high-ductility steel.

[0047] In this embodiment, under small deformation, the flange of the channel steel 3 pre-shears and yields to dissipate energy, achieving a small displacement yield of ≤0.5mm, ensuring rapid energy dissipation under minor earthquakes. Under large deformation, the web of the channel steel 3 bends and yields to dissipate energy, bearing the main deformation and energy dissipation, achieving a design displacement of ≥30mm, ensuring sufficient ductility under moderate to large earthquakes. The ratio of the web width to the flange width of the channel steel 3 is between 1:1 and 2:1. The yield force variation and yield displacement variation obtained by the double-segment calibration method are controlled to be less than 15kN and less than 0.5mm respectively under different deformations.

[0048] In this embodiment:

[0049] The upper cover plate 1 and the lower cover plate 2 are fixedly installed on the supporting components of the building structure. When an earthquake occurs, the relative displacement between the structural floors causes the upper cover plate 1 and the lower cover plate 2 to move relative to each other. The flange of the lower channel steel 3 dissipates seismic energy by shear yielding during small displacement, and the web of the lower channel steel 3 continuously dissipates energy by bending yielding during large displacement. Through the bending-shear composite yielding mechanism, both sensitive energy dissipation in small earthquakes and safety redundancy in large earthquakes are achieved. Pure metal plastic deformation has no frictional wear and no performance degradation, and has excellent durability in long-term use, requiring no daily maintenance.

[0050] Second embodiment:

[0051] Please refer to the following: Figures 3-4 In the bending-shear composite metal damping device provided in this embodiment, the steel section consists of two angle steels 4. Both angle steels 4 are welded and fixedly installed between the upper cover plate 1 and the lower cover plate 2. The two angle steels 4 are symmetrically arranged along the central axis of the upper cover plate 1 and the lower cover plate 2 perpendicular to the load direction. Each angle steel 4 is symmetrically arranged with the central axis of the upper cover plate 1 and the lower cover plate 2 parallel to the load direction as its axis of symmetry. The angle steels 4 are formed by bending steel plates. The material of the angle steels 4 can be mild steel or other high-ductility steel.

[0052] In this embodiment, the section of angle steel 4 can be orthogonally decomposed according to the load direction. The area perpendicular to the load direction is the main bending energy dissipation area, and the area parallel to the load direction is the main shear energy dissipation area. This decomposition design gives angle steel 4 a clear functional partition, and shear energy dissipation and bending energy dissipation do not interfere with each other and are triggered sequentially. Under small deformation, angle steel 4 undergoes shear yielding to dissipate energy, achieving a small yield displacement of ≤0.5mm, ensuring rapid intervention in energy dissipation under small earthquake conditions and reducing structural response. Under large deformation, angle steel 4 undergoes bending yielding to dissipate energy, achieving a large design displacement of ≥30mm, meeting the ductility requirements under medium and large earthquake conditions, and continuously dissipating seismic energy. The ratio of the main bending energy dissipation area to the main shear energy dissipation area of ​​angle steel 4 is between 1:1 and 2:1. The yield force change is less than 15kN and the yield displacement change is less than 0.5mm, obtained by the double-segmented line calibration method, which controls the load displacement hysteresis loop of the damper under different deformations. This ensures that the damper has stable performance, uniform output, and no significant fluctuations throughout the entire displacement range.

[0053] In this embodiment:

[0054] During installation, the upper cover plate 1 is fixed to the upper support components of the building structure, and the lower cover plate 2 is fixed to the lower support components, ensuring that the upper and lower cover plates can move relative to each other synchronously with the inter-story deformation of the structure; during an earthquake, the relative displacement between the inter-story structures is transmitted to the two symmetrically arranged angle steels 4 through the upper and lower cover plates.

[0055] Under minor earthquake conditions (inter-story displacement ≤ 0.5 mm), the segment of angle steel 4 parallel to the load direction enters the shear yield state first, dissipating the energy input from the minor earthquake through metal plastic shear deformation. At this time, the bending segment perpendicular to the load direction is still in an elastic state, providing constraint for the shear segment and ensuring shear yield stability.

[0056] Under moderate to severe earthquake conditions (inter-story displacement > 0.5 mm and ≤ 30 mm), as the displacement increases, the plastic deformation of the shear segment of the angle steel 4 fully develops, and the bending segment perpendicular to the load direction gradually enters the bending yielding state. Through the combined plastic deformation of shear and bending, a large amount of seismic energy is continuously dissipated, thus preventing the structure from being damaged due to excessive displacement.

[0057] Because the ratio of bending and shear energy dissipation area of ​​angle steel 4 is precisely controlled between 1:1 and 2:1, the load displacement hysteresis loop has a full double-folded shape, and the fluctuation of yield force and yield displacement is controlled within the design range, ensuring the stable performance of the damper under cyclic loads; at the same time, the pure metal plastic energy dissipation has no friction surface wear and no pre-pressure relaxation problem, resulting in excellent long-term service durability and no need for daily maintenance.

[0058] Third embodiment:

[0059] Please refer to the following: Figures 5-6In the bending-shear composite metal damping device provided in this embodiment, the steel section consists of two I-beams 5. Both I-beams 5 are welded and fixedly installed between the upper cover plate 1 and the lower cover plate 2. The two I-beams 5 are symmetrically arranged along the central axis of the upper cover plate 1 and the lower cover plate 2 perpendicular to the load direction. Each I-beam 5 is symmetrically arranged with the central axis of the upper cover plate 1 and the lower cover plate 2 parallel to the load direction as its axis of symmetry. The I-beams 5 are welded from steel plates. The material of the I-beams 5 can be mild steel or other high-ductility steel.

[0060] In this embodiment, the H-beam 5 adopts a design concept of energy dissipation in the upper and lower flanges and the web. Under small deformation, the upper and lower flanges of the H-beam 5 pre-shear yield to dissipate energy, achieving an extremely low initial yield displacement of ≤0.5mm. This allows the damper to quickly start dissipating energy under small and micro-vibration conditions, significantly reducing the early response of the structure. Under large deformation, the web of the H-beam 5 bends and yields to dissipate energy, achieving a large design displacement of ≥30mm, meeting the ductility requirements of the structure under moderate to large earthquakes, and continuously and stably dissipating seismic energy. The ratio of the area of ​​the upper and lower flanges of the H-beam 5 to the area of ​​the web is between 1:1 and 2:1. The yield force change is less than 15kN and the yield displacement change is less than 0.5mm, obtained by the double-segment calibration method for the load displacement hysteresis loop of the damper under different deformations.

[0061] In this embodiment:

[0062] The upper cover plate 1 and lower cover plate 2 of the damper are reliably connected to the upper and lower supporting members of the building structure, respectively, so that the upper and lower cover plates can move synchronously with the relative displacement between the structural floors. During an earthquake, the structural vibration energy is transferred through the upper and lower cover plates to the two symmetrically arranged I-beams 5.

[0063] During minor earthquakes, the inter-story displacement of the structure is small. The upper and lower flanges of I-beam 5 are the first to enter the shear yielding state, which efficiently dissipates energy through shear plastic deformation. Since the initial yield displacement is ≤0.5mm, the damper can intervene when the structure undergoes minor deformation, which greatly reduces structural damage under minor earthquakes.

[0064] During the moderate to major earthquake phase, as the structural displacement increases, the shear deformation of the fifth flange of the I-beam tends to be sufficient, and the web gradually enters the bending yielding state. It uses bending plastic deformation to bear the large displacement deformation and continuously dissipate energy. It still maintains stable energy dissipation capacity within the design displacement range of ≥30mm, providing sufficient ductility reserve for the structure.

[0065] Fourth embodiment:

[0066] Please refer to the following: Figures 7-18In the bending-shear composite metal damping device provided in this embodiment, the steel section consists of two channel steels 3. Similar to the first embodiment, both channel steels 3 are welded and fixedly installed between the upper cover plate 1 and the lower cover plate 2. The bidirectional symmetrical arrangement ensures balanced force distribution. Their flanges and webs respectively bear the shear and bending energy dissipation, achieving a composite energy dissipation performance of ≤0.5mm initial yield displacement and ≥30mm design displacement. L-shaped carrier plates 50 are installed at the bottom of the upper cover plate 1 and the top of the lower cover plate 2. A relative displacement recording device for the cover plates is installed on the two L-shaped carrier plates 50. The device can independently collect and lock the maximum relative displacement of the upper and lower cover plates in the load direction and the vertical load direction during an earthquake, enabling traceability of post-earthquake displacement data. Moreover, the device is independent of the main structure of the damper and does not affect the core energy dissipation performance. The cover plate relative displacement recording device includes a follower push rod assembly and a recording assembly. The follower push rod assembly is installed on the upper L-shaped carrier plate 50, and the recording assembly is installed on the lower L-shaped carrier plate 50. The follower push rod assembly includes a follower push rod 6, and the recording assembly includes four recording units. The bottom end of the follower push rod 6 is located between the four recording units.

[0067] Specifically, each recording unit includes a pad 7, a slide rail 8, a slide plate 9, a contact plate 10, and a damping block 18. The pad 7 is fixedly installed on the top of the L-shaped carrier plate 50 located below. The slide rail 8 is fixedly installed on the top of the pad 7. The slide plate 9 is slidably installed in the slide rail 8. The slide rail 8 provides linear guidance constraint for the slide plate 9, ensuring that the displacement transmission is smooth and without obstruction. The contact plate 10 is fixedly installed on the slide plate 9. The contact plate 10 is used to directly receive the thrust of the follower push rod 6 and synchronously transmit the relative displacement of the cover plate to the slide plate 9. The surface of the contact plate 10 is treated with wear resistance to avoid long-term contact wear affecting the reliability of transmission. The damping block 18... 8 is installed inside the slide rail 8 and fixedly connected to the slide plate 9. The damping block 18 provides constant frictional damping for the slide plate 9 to prevent the slide plate 9 from moving randomly under non-earthquake conditions, while not affecting the normal displacement transmission under the push of seismic force. The damping block 18 is made of wear-resistant rubber material with a stable friction coefficient and long service life. The contact plates 10 on the four recording units are arranged in a grid pattern. The follower push rod 6 is located between the four contact plates 10 and is in contact with all four contact plates 10. The follower push rod 6 can transmit the relative displacement of the upper and lower cover plates in the load direction and the vertical load direction to the four recording units to realize bidirectional displacement synchronous recording.

[0068] In this embodiment, in order to stably lock the slide plate 9 in its current position after it moves, a toothed plate 11 is fixedly installed on one outer wall of the slide plate 9. The toothed plate 11 is provided with a plurality of teeth, each tooth having an inclined surface and a straight surface adjacent to the inclined surface. A vertical seat 12 is fixedly installed on the top of the pad plate 7. Two guide slide rods 13 are slidably installed through the vertical seat 12. The guide slide rods 13 adopt a double-rod parallel design to prevent the right-angled trapezoidal locking block 14 from deflecting. The same right-angled trapezoidal locking block 14 is fixedly installed at one end of the two guide slide rods 13 near the slide plate 9. The acute angle end of the right-angled trapezoidal locking block 14 extends to the space between the corresponding two teeth, and the inclined waist surface of the right-angled trapezoidal locking block 14 contacts the inclined surface of the corresponding tooth, and the lower bottom surface contacts the straight surface of the corresponding tooth. The one-way locking structure ensures that the slide plate 9 can only move in the direction of increasing displacement, while the direction of decreasing displacement is locked, thus permanently locking the maximum displacement. The contact surface between the teeth and the right-angled trapezoidal locking block 14 is hardened to a hardness ≥ HRC45 to prevent wear during locking. The ends of the two guide slide rods 13 away from the slide plate 9 are fixedly mounted with the same end plate 15. The end plate 15 is fixedly mounted with a hand hook 17, which is used for manual unlocking after vibration, so as to realize the reset and reuse of the recording unit. A first return spring 16 is sleeved on the guide slide rod 13. One end of the first return spring 16 is in contact with the right-angled trapezoidal locking block 14, and the other end is in contact with the vertical seat 12. The first return spring 16 provides a continuous pressing force to the right-angled trapezoidal locking block 14 to ensure reliable locking and prevent loosening.

[0069] In this embodiment, in order to issue an alarm signal when the relative displacement of the two cover plates reaches a preset distance in the parallel load direction, mounting brackets 19 are fixedly installed on the tops of the two pads 7 parallel to the load direction. Limit switches 20 are fixedly installed on the tops of the two mounting brackets 19. Limit switches 20 are used to trigger an external alarm system when the relative displacement of the upper and lower cover plates in the load direction reaches the design warning value, so as to realize real-time warning of displacement exceeding the limit. A fixing seat 21 is also fixedly installed on the top of the mounting bracket 19. A hexagonal slide rod 22 is slidably installed through the fixing seat 21. A right-angled triangular abutment block 23 is fixedly installed at the end of the hexagonal slide rod 22 away from the limit switch 20. A second return spring 25 is sleeved on the hexagonal slide rod 22. One end of the second return spring 25 is connected to the right-angled triangular abutment block 23. One end of the hexagonal slide rod 22 is in contact with the other end of the fixed base 21. An end block 24 is fixedly installed at one end of the hexagonal slide rod 22 near the limit switch 20. The right-angled triangular abutment block 23 is triggered in conjunction with the slide plate 9. After the slide plate 9 abuts against the inclined surface of the right-angled triangular abutment block 23, the latter will gradually move backward, thereby driving the end block 24 at the other end of the hexagonal slide rod 22 to abut against the contact of the limit switch 20. After the contact retracts into place, it will trigger the limit switch 20 to switch from the normally open state to the closed conducting state, and output an over-displacement electrical signal. This signal can be connected to the building structure health monitoring system or the on-site alarm device to realize automatic alarm and remote prompt when the relative displacement of the cover plate in the load direction reaches the preset threshold, so that the management personnel can promptly know the structural displacement over-limit situation and provide real-time basis for judging the structural safety status after the earthquake.

[0070] In this embodiment, in order to lift the follower push rod 6 upward and separate it from the four contact plates 10, a square sleeve 27 is fixedly installed on the upper L-shaped carrier plate 50. A square rod 26 is slidably installed inside the square sleeve 27, and the square rod 26 passes through the L-shaped carrier plate 50 and is movably connected to the L-shaped carrier plate 50. The follower push rod 6 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the square rod 26. A limiting square plate is fixedly installed at the top end of the square rod 26 to prevent the square rod 26 from sliding down excessively. A threaded locking rod 28 is threadedly installed on the square sleeve 27. One end of the threaded locking rod 28 is integrally formed with a pin. A slot is opened on the square rod 26, and the end of the pin away from the threaded locking rod 28 extends into the slot.

[0071] In this embodiment, to facilitate the disassembly and installation of the two L-shaped carrier plates 50, positioning mounting plates 40 are fixedly installed at the bottom of the upper cover plate 1 and the top of the lower cover plate 2. The two L-shaped carrier plates 50 are detachably fixedly installed on the two positioning mounting plates 40. The detachable design facilitates the disassembly, maintenance, and replacement of the displacement recording device without affecting the normal use of the damping main structure. Specifically, two elongated waist-shaped limiting blocks 29 are fixedly installed on the positioning mounting plates 40. Two elongated waist-shaped positioning holes are opened on the L-shaped carrier plates 50. The two elongated waist-shaped limiting blocks 29 pass through the two elongated waist-shaped positioning holes and slide to connect with the inner wall of the corresponding elongated waist-shaped positioning holes. The elongated waist-shaped limiting blocks 29 cooperate with the elongated waist-shaped positioning holes to achieve quick positioning and installation, reducing assembly errors. Both elongated waist-shaped limiting blocks 29 are provided with long strip insertion slots. A locking mechanism is installed on the L-shaped carrier plate 50. The locking mechanism is used to cooperate with the two long strip insertion slots to restrict the movement of the L-shaped carrier plate 50.

[0072] In this embodiment, the locking mechanism specifically includes a middle fixed plate 30, two manual operating plates 32, and two locking plates 34. The middle fixed plate 30 is fixedly installed on the L-shaped carrier plate 50. Two fixed sliding rods 31 are fixedly installed on both sides of the middle fixed plate 30. The two manual operating plates 32 are slidably sleeved on the corresponding two fixed sliding rods 31. The fixed sliding rods 31 provide guidance for the manual operating plates 32 to ensure the linear movement of the locking plates 34. The two locking plates 34 are fixedly installed on the two manual operating plates 32. The two locking plates 34 pass through the corresponding long strip insertion slots and are slidably connected to the inner wall of the corresponding long strip insertion slots. The ends of the locking plates 34 are chamfered to facilitate quick insertion into the long strip insertion slots. A third return spring 33 is sleeved on the fixed sliding rod 31. One end of the third return spring 33 is in contact with the middle fixed plate 30, and the other end is in contact with the manual operating plate 32.

[0073] Working principle:

[0074] During the installation and pretreatment stage, the upper cover plate 1 and lower cover plate 2 of the damper body are reliably connected to the upper and lower support components of the building structure, respectively, to ensure that the channel steel 3 can deform synchronously with the inter-layer displacement of the structure to dissipate energy.

[0075] Pinch the two hand-operated plates 32 together to compress the third return spring 33, retract the locking plate 34, insert the L-shaped carrier plate 50 through the elongated positioning hole to align with the elongated limiting block 29 on the positioning mounting plate 40, release the hand-operated plates 32, and the third return spring 33 will reset and drive the locking plate 34 to insert into the long strip socket, thus completing the quick fixation of the L-shaped carrier plate 50. The installation of the entire cover plate relative displacement recording device can be completed in this way.

[0076] During an earthquake, the relative displacement between structural layers causes the upper cover plate 1 and the lower cover plate 2 to shift. The follower push rod 6 moves synchronously with the upper L-shaped carrier plate 50, pushing the contact plate 10 in the corresponding direction, which in turn causes the slide plate 9 to slide along the slide rail 8. When the slide plate 9 moves, the inclined surface of the toothed plate 11 presses against the right-angled trapezoidal locking block 14, compressing the first return spring 16, causing the locking block to avoid the tooth, and the slide plate 9 can continue to move in the direction of increasing displacement. If the subsequent displacement of the follower push rod 6 decreases, the right-angled trapezoidal locking block 14 will engage with the adjacent tooth under the action of the first return spring 16, locking the slide plate 9 and permanently storing the maximum displacement value in that direction. The four recording units record the maximum displacement in both directions of the load direction and the perpendicular load direction.

[0077] When the displacement in the load direction reaches the preset warning value, the slide plate 9 abuts against the inclined surface of the right-angled triangular support block 23, pushing the hexagonal slide rod 22 to compress the second return spring 25. The end block 24 triggers the contact of the limit switch 20, causing the limit switch 20 to change from normally open to closed, outputting an over-limit electrical signal to the structural health monitoring system to achieve real-time alarm and remind management personnel to pay attention to structural safety. After the earthquake, the displacement scale of the slide plate 9 in the four recording units (the slide rail 8 has preset scales) can be directly observed to obtain the bidirectional maximum relative displacement value. The data is intuitive and traceable.

[0078] Manually pull the hook 17 on the end plate 15, and the right-angled trapezoidal locking block 14 will be disengaged from the toothed plate 11 via the guide slide rod 13, and the slide plate 9 will be reset to the initial position. Release the hook 17, and the first reset spring 16 will drive the locking block to reset. Rotate the threaded locking rod 28, lift the square rod 26 to make the follower push rod 6 disengage from the contact plate 10, which is convenient for subsequent maintenance.

[0079] If the recording device needs to be repaired or replaced, simply pinch the hand control plate 32 towards the center and retract the locking plate 34 to quickly remove the L-shaped carrier plate 50 without affecting the normal operation of the damper body.

[0080] This embodiment, through the above design, retains the core advantages of the bending-shear composite energy dissipation of channel steel, and realizes the monitoring, early warning, and traceability of seismic displacement data. It also features convenient installation and efficient maintenance, and is suitable for the intelligent energy dissipation and vibration reduction needs of modern building structures.

[0081] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of the present invention specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bending-shear composite metal damping device, characterized in that, It includes an upper cover plate, a lower cover plate, and two steel sections. The two steel sections are fixedly installed between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate. The two steel sections are symmetrically arranged along the central axis of the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate in the direction perpendicular to the load. Each steel section is symmetrically arranged with the central axis of the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate in the direction parallel to the load as its axis of symmetry. The steel sections are manufactured by bending or welding steel plates.

2. The bending-shear composite metal damping device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steel section is one of channel steel, angle steel or I-beam.

3. The bending-shear composite metal damping device according to claim 2, characterized in that, L-shaped carrier plates are installed at the bottom of the upper cover plate and the top of the lower cover plate. A relative displacement recording device for the cover plates is installed on the two L-shaped carrier plates. The relative displacement recording device for the cover plates includes a follower push rod assembly and a recording assembly. The follower push rod assembly is installed on the upper L-shaped carrier plate, and the recording assembly is installed on the lower L-shaped carrier plate. The follower push rod assembly includes a follower push rod, and the recording assembly includes four recording units. The bottom end of the follower push rod is located between the four recording units.

4. The bending-shear composite metal damping device according to claim 3, characterized in that, Each of the recording units includes a pad, a slide rail, a slide plate, a contact plate, and a damping block. The pad is fixedly installed on the top of the L-shaped carrier plate located below. The slide rail is fixedly installed on the top of the pad. The slide plate is slidably installed in the slide rail. The contact plate is fixedly installed on the slide plate. The damping block is installed in the slide rail and is fixedly connected to the slide plate. The four contact plates on the recording units are arranged in a grid pattern, and the follower push rod is located between the four contact plates and is in contact with all four contact plates.

5. The bending-shear composite metal damping device according to claim 4, characterized in that, A toothed plate is fixedly installed on one outer wall of the slide plate. The toothed plate has several teeth, each tooth having an inclined surface and a straight surface adjacent to the inclined surface. A vertical seat is fixedly installed on the top of the pad. Two guide slide rods are slidably installed through the vertical seat. A right-angled trapezoidal locking block is fixedly installed on the end of the two guide slide rods near the slide plate. The acute angle end of the right-angled trapezoidal locking block extends to the space between the corresponding two teeth, and the inclined waist surface of the right-angled trapezoidal locking block contacts the inclined surface of the corresponding tooth, and the lower bottom surface contacts the straight surface of the corresponding tooth. A common end plate is fixedly installed on the end of the two guide slide rods away from the slide plate. A hand hook is fixedly installed on the end plate. A first return spring is sleeved on the guide slide rod. One end of the first return spring contacts the right-angled trapezoidal locking block, and the other end contacts the vertical seat.

6. The bending-shear composite metal damping device according to claim 4, characterized in that, Two mounting plates parallel to the load direction are each fixedly mounted with a mounting bracket on top. Each mounting bracket is fixedly mounted with a limit switch on top. A mounting base is also fixedly mounted on top of the mounting bracket. A hexagonal slide rod is slidably mounted through the mounting base. A right-angled triangular abutment block is fixedly mounted on the end of the hexagonal slide rod away from the limit switch. A second return spring is sleeved on the hexagonal slide rod. One end of the second return spring contacts the right-angled triangular abutment block, and the other end contacts the mounting base. An end block is fixedly mounted on the end of the hexagonal slide rod closer to the limit switch.

7. The bending-shear composite metal damping device according to claim 3, characterized in that, A square sleeve is fixedly installed on the L-shaped carrier plate located above. A square rod is slidably installed inside the square sleeve, and the square rod passes through the L-shaped carrier plate and is movably connected to the L-shaped carrier plate. A follower push rod is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the square rod. A limit square plate is fixedly installed at the top end of the square rod. A threaded locking rod is threaded on the square sleeve. One end of the threaded locking rod is integrally formed with a pin. A slot is opened on the square rod. The end of the pin away from the threaded locking rod extends into the slot.

8. The bending-shear composite metal damping device according to any one of claims 3-7, characterized in that, The bottom of the upper cover plate and the top of the lower cover plate are both fixedly installed with positioning mounting plates, and the two L-shaped carrier plates are respectively detachably fixedly installed on the two positioning mounting plates.

9. The bending-shear composite metal damping device according to claim 8, characterized in that, Two elongated waist-shaped limiting blocks are fixedly installed on the positioning mounting plate. Two elongated waist-shaped positioning holes are opened on the L-shaped carrier plate. The two elongated waist-shaped limiting blocks pass through the two elongated waist-shaped positioning holes respectively and are slidably connected to the inner wall of the corresponding elongated waist-shaped positioning holes. Each of the two elongated waist-shaped limiting blocks has a long strip insertion port. A locking mechanism is installed on the L-shaped carrier plate. The locking mechanism is used to cooperate with the two long strip insertion ports to restrict the movement of the L-shaped carrier plate.

10. The bending-shear composite metal damping device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The locking mechanism includes a central fixed plate, two manual operating plates, and two locking plates. The central fixed plate is fixedly mounted on the L-shaped carrier plate. Two fixed sliding rods are fixedly mounted on both sides of the central fixed plate. The two manual operating plates are slidably sleeved on the corresponding two fixed sliding rods. The two locking plates are fixedly mounted on the two manual operating plates. The two locking plates pass through the corresponding elongated insertion slots and are slidably connected to the inner wall of the corresponding elongated insertion slots. A third return spring is sleeved on the fixed sliding rod. One end of the third return spring contacts the central fixed plate, and the other end contacts the manual operating plate.

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