A yield-stiffness-adjustable hybrid metallic energy dissipation brace and applications

Abstract

The application discloses a yield post-rigidity adjustable hybrid metal energy dissipation support and application, comprising a force transmission component and a hybrid metal energy dissipation module, the hybrid metal energy dissipation module comprising a first metal energy dissipation unit and a second metal energy dissipation unit, the first metal energy dissipation unit being a U-shaped metal damper, the second metal energy dissipation unit being a shuttle-shaped metal damper, both being connected with the force transmission component through a pin shaft or a high-strength bolt and working cooperatively in the tensile or compressive deformation process of the support; the U-shaped metal damper enters bending yield first in the small displacement stage and provides stable hysteretic energy dissipation; the shuttle-shaped metal damper contributes less to the overall bearing capacity in the small displacement stage, gradually participates in energy dissipation with the change of the geometric shape and stress angle of the component in the large displacement stage, and provides additional rigidity and late bearing capacity. The application has the advantages of simple structure, adjustable late strengthening capacity, flexible parameter design and the like, and can be used for seismic reinforcement of existing structures and seismic reduction design of newly-built engineering structures.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of energy dissipation and vibration reduction technology in civil engineering, specifically relating to a hybrid metal energy dissipation support with adjustable stiffness after yielding and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Metal dampers are a type of energy dissipation and vibration reduction device that utilizes the elasto-plastic deformation of metallic materials to dissipate seismic input energy. They have advantages such as simple construction, clear energy dissipation mechanism, stable hysteretic performance, and convenient processing and manufacturing, and have been widely used in new building structures and seismic reinforcement projects for existing buildings. By installing metal dampers in the structure, seismic input energy can be preferentially concentrated and dissipated in energy-dissipating components, thereby reducing damage to main structural components such as beams, columns, and joints.

[0003] However, most existing metallic dampers primarily rely on the bending, shearing, or axial yielding of metallic elements to dissipate energy. Once in the yielding stage, these dampers typically exhibit low post-yield stiffness. Under strong earthquakes, if the damper cannot continuously provide sufficient additional stiffness and subsequent bearing capacity during the large displacement phase, inter-story deformation tends to concentrate in local floors, creating a weak-story effect and significantly increasing post-earthquake residual displacement, thus increasing the difficulty of post-earthquake repair and functional restoration. Furthermore, they are ill-suited to the varying requirements of structures for stiffness, bearing capacity, and energy dissipation under different earthquake levels. To address this, two-stage energy dissipation dampers have been proposed. These dampers, through the phased activation of different energy dissipation units, have to some extent improved the insufficient adaptability of traditional single-stage energy dissipation dampers to different earthquake levels. However, the second-stage energy dissipation unit of existing two-stage dampers, after engaging, typically still relies mainly on the conventional metallic yielding mechanism for energy dissipation, and after yielding, it still enters a low post-yield stiffness stage, making it difficult to continuously provide high post-yield stiffness and stable subsequent bearing capacity. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, the purpose of this application is to overcome the shortcomings of existing metal dampers, such as low stiffness after yielding, easy induction of weak layer effect in the structure under strong earthquakes, and obvious residual displacement after strong earthquakes, and to provide a hybrid metal energy dissipation brace with adjustable stiffness after yielding.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a hybrid metal energy-dissipating brace with adjustable stiffness after yielding, including a first metal energy-dissipating unit, a second metal energy-dissipating unit, an inner force transmission component, an outer force transmission component, a connecting plate, a pin, a high-strength bolt, a left connector, and a right connector; The external force transmission components are arranged parallel to both sides of the internal force transmission components, and the external force transmission components on both sides are connected to the internal force transmission components in the center through the first metal energy dissipation unit and the second metal energy dissipation unit, respectively, so that the internal force transmission components and the external force transmission components form a force transmission system along the support length direction. The first metal energy dissipation unit is a U-shaped metal damper. The first metal energy dissipation unit is located on the upper and lower sides between the inner force transmission member and the outer force transmission member. A plurality of the first metal energy dissipation units are evenly arranged along the support length direction. The first metal energy dissipation unit is connected to the inner force transmission member and the outer force transmission member through the pin. The second metal energy dissipation unit is a shuttle-shaped metal damper. The second metal energy dissipation unit is located on the center line of the first metal energy dissipation unit on the upper and lower sides. Several second metal energy dissipation units are evenly arranged along the support length direction. The connecting plate is disposed between the two external force transmission components; The left connector and the right connector are respectively located at both ends of the hybrid metal energy-dissipating support. The left connector is connected to one end of the inner force transmission component, and the right connector is connected to one end of the outer force transmission component. The second metal energy-consuming unit is connected to the inner force transmission component and the outer force transmission component, the gusset plate and the outer force transmission component, the left connector and the inner force transmission component, and the right connector and the outer force transmission component by the high-strength bolts.

[0006] In some embodiments, the first metal energy dissipation unit includes two straight sections and a curved energy dissipation section located between the two straight sections; the second metal energy dissipation unit includes two end connecting sections and a symmetrical arc-shaped energy dissipation section located between the two end connecting sections; the inner force transmission member is an H-beam, the H-beam including a first web and a first flange, the first web being a continuous plate, and the first flange being spaced apart along the support length direction; the outer force transmission member is two oppositely arranged channel steels, the channel steel including a second web and a second flange; the two straight sections are respectively connected to the first web of the inner force transmission member and the second web of the outer force transmission member by high-strength bolts; the end connecting sections are respectively connected to the first flange of the inner force transmission member and the second flange of the outer force transmission member by pins.

[0007] In some embodiments, the arc-shaped energy-consuming section is circular.

[0008] In some embodiments, the two arc-shaped energy-consuming sections are respectively provided with rounded chamfers at the intersection of the curves at both ends.

[0009] In some embodiments, the external force transmission member is two channel steels arranged back to back.

[0010] In some embodiments, a limiting member is provided between the inner force transmission member and the two outer force transmission members. Only one end of the limiting member is connected to the inner force transmission member or the outer force transmission member through the high-strength bolt, and the other end is a free end.

[0011] In some embodiments, the limiting member is a short H-beam, and the third flange plate on one side of the short H-beam is connected to the second web plate of the external force transmission member or the first web plate of the internal force transmission member by high-strength bolts, while the other side is a free end.

[0012] In some embodiments, the limiting member and the gusset plate are configured in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0013] In some embodiments, the left connector includes a left ear plate, a left rectangular end plate, and two short channel steel members. The left ear plate is welded to one side of the left rectangular end plate, and one end of the short channel steel member is welded to the opposite side of the left rectangular end plate. The two short channel steel members are arranged back-to-back with a gap. The first web of the inner force transmission member is inserted into the gap and connected by high-strength bolts. The right connector includes a right ear plate, a right rectangular end plate, and a short H-shaped steel member. The right ear plate is welded to one side of the right rectangular end plate, and one end of the short H-shaped steel member is welded to the opposite side of the right rectangular end plate. The second webs of the outer force transmission members on both sides are respectively connected to the flanges of the short H-shaped steel members by high-strength bolts.

[0014] In some embodiments, the pin is not preloaded.

[0015] In some embodiments, the first metal energy dissipation unit and the second metal energy dissipation unit are symmetrically arranged along the centerline of the length direction of the internal force transmission member.

[0016] In some embodiments, the diameter of the pin connection hole provided on the end connection section of the second metal energy dissipation unit is slightly larger than the diameter of the pin.

[0017] In some embodiments, the thickness of the first metal energy-consuming unit can be 6-30 mm, the width can be 50-300 mm, the radius of the curved energy-consuming section can be 25-150 mm, the length of the straight section can be 50-250 mm, and the number of units arranged can be 10-40; the thickness of the second metal energy-consuming unit can be 6-30 mm, the width can be 6-35 mm, the radius of the arc can be 50-250 mm, the arc angle can be 90°-150°, and the number of units arranged can be 20-80.

[0018] The initial stiffness, yield bearing capacity, post-yield stiffness, energy dissipation capacity, and ultimate bearing capacity of the hybrid metal energy dissipation support can be changed.

[0019] In some embodiments, the first metal energy dissipation unit and the second metal energy dissipation unit may be made of metal materials with good elastic-plastic deformation capabilities, such as low yield point steel or ordinary carbon steel.

[0020] Secondly, this application provides an application of a hybrid metal energy-dissipating brace with adjustable stiffness after yielding. The hybrid metal energy-dissipating brace can be arranged between beam-column joints in structural floors, between column bases and beam ends, at the position of diagonal bracing within the frame span, and in external additional damping bracing systems.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this invention are: The present invention adopts a parallel arrangement of the first metal energy dissipation unit and the second metal energy dissipation unit, which can combine the bending yield energy dissipation mechanism of the U-shaped metal damper with the arc geometric configuration evolution mechanism of the shuttle-shaped metal damper to form a staged energy dissipation and staged load-bearing mechanism. The connecting axis of the second metal energy dissipation unit is perpendicular to the axial force direction of the support, and its arc-shaped energy dissipation section is located laterally along the axial force path of the support. As the axial displacement of the support increases, the effective resistance component of the arc-shaped energy dissipation section gradually increases, enabling the support to continue to provide high additional stiffness and subsequent bearing capacity after yielding, thereby improving the structure's anti-collapse performance under strong earthquakes; The first metal energy dissipation unit is detachably connected by high-strength bolts, and the second metal energy dissipation unit is detachably connected by pins. After a strong earthquake, the damaged energy dissipation unit can be replaced individually, which helps to reduce post-earthquake repair costs and improve the post-earthquake repairability of the structure.

[0022] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, specific embodiments of this application are given below. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a hybrid metal energy-dissipating support with adjustable stiffness after yielding, as described in this application. Figure 2 This is a disassembly diagram of a hybrid metal energy-dissipating brace with adjustable stiffness after yielding, as described in this application. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the first metal energy dissipation unit structure of a hybrid metal energy dissipation support with adjustable stiffness after yielding, as described in this application. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the second metal energy dissipation unit structure of a hybrid metal energy dissipation support with adjustable stiffness after yielding, as described in this application. Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the internal force transmission component structure of a hybrid metal energy dissipation support with adjustable stiffness after yielding, as described in this application. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the external force transmission component structure of a hybrid metal energy dissipation support with adjustable stiffness after yielding, as described in this application. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the left and right connectors of a hybrid metal energy dissipation support with adjustable stiffness after yielding, as described in this application. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting component structure of a hybrid metal energy dissipation support with adjustable stiffness after yielding, as described in this application. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the first metal energy dissipation unit of a hybrid metal energy dissipation support with adjustable stiffness after yielding, as described in this application. Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the second metal energy dissipation unit of a hybrid metal energy dissipation support with adjustable stiffness after yielding, as described in this application.

[0024] The reference numerals in the detailed embodiments are as follows: First metal energy dissipation unit 1, straight section 1a, curved energy dissipation section 1b, second metal energy dissipation unit 2, end connection section 2a, arc-shaped energy dissipation section 2b, internal force transmission component 3, first web plate 3a, first flange plate 3b, external force transmission component 4, second web plate 4a, second flange plate 4b, connecting plate 5, pin shaft 6, high-strength bolt 7, left connector 8, left ear plate 8a, left rectangular end plate 8b, short channel steel component 8c, right connector 9, right ear plate 9a, right rectangular end plate 9b, short H-beam steel component 9c, limiting component 10, third flange plate 10a. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The embodiments of the technical solution of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application and are therefore merely examples, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0026] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing description of the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0027] In the description of the embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0028] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0029] In the description of the embodiments in this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0030] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "multiple" refers to two or more (including two), similarly, "multiple sets" refers to two or more (including two sets), and "multiple pieces" refers to two or more (including two pieces).

[0031] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the technical terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this application and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application.

[0032] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0033] This application employs a two-stage energy-dissipating damper with hybrid metal energy-dissipating modules. By activating different energy-dissipating units in stages, it improves to some extent the problem of insufficient adaptability of traditional single energy-dissipating dampers to different seismic levels. Furthermore, through improved and optimized structural design, the second-stage energy-dissipating unit of the two-stage damper overcomes the reliance on conventional metal yielding mechanisms for energy dissipation after engagement, thus avoiding entering a low post-yield stiffness stage and providing higher post-yield stiffness and stable later-stage bearing capacity.

[0034] According to some embodiments of this application, refer to Figure 3 A hybrid metal energy-dissipating brace with adjustable stiffness after yielding includes a first metal energy-dissipating unit 1, a second metal energy-dissipating unit 2, an inner force transmission component 3, an outer force transmission component 4, a connecting plate 5, a pin 6, a high-strength bolt 7, a left connector 8, and a right connector 9. The external force transmission component 4 is arranged parallel to both sides of the internal force transmission component 3, and the external force transmission components 4 on both sides and the internal force transmission component 3 in the center are respectively connected through the first metal energy dissipation unit 1 and the second metal energy dissipation unit 2, so that the internal force transmission component 3 and the external force transmission component 4 form a force transmission system along the support length direction. The first metal energy dissipation unit 1 is a U-shaped metal damper. The first metal energy dissipation unit 1 is disposed on the upper and lower sides between the inner force transmission member 3 and the outer force transmission member 4. A plurality of the first metal energy dissipation units 1 are evenly arranged along the support length direction. The first metal energy dissipation unit 1 is connected to the inner force transmission member 3 and the outer force transmission member 4 through the pin 6. The second metal energy dissipation unit 2 is a shuttle-shaped metal damper. The second metal energy dissipation unit 2 is located on the center line of the first metal energy dissipation unit 1 on the upper and lower sides. A plurality of the second metal energy dissipation units 2 are evenly arranged along the support length direction. The connecting plate 5 is disposed between the two external force transmission components 4; The left connector 8 and the right connector 9 are respectively located at both ends of the hybrid metal energy dissipation support. The left connector 8 is connected to one end of the inner force transmission member 3, and the right connector 9 is connected to one end of the outer force transmission member 4. The second metal energy-consuming unit 2 is connected to the inner force transmission component 3 and the outer force transmission component 4, the gusset plate 5 is connected to the outer force transmission component 4, the left connecting piece 8 is connected to the inner force transmission component 3, and the right connecting piece 9 is connected to the outer force transmission component 4 by the high-strength bolt 7.

[0035] The first metal energy dissipation unit 1 and the second metal energy dissipation unit 2 jointly dissipate seismic input energy during the axial reciprocating deformation of the support, and enable the hybrid metal energy dissipation support to have adjustable post-yield stiffness.

[0036] The first metal energy dissipation unit 1 enters the bending yielding state first in the small displacement stage and provides the main energy dissipation capacity and lateral stiffness; the second metal energy dissipation unit 2 does not participate in the load-bearing in the small displacement stage, but gradually participates in the load-bearing in the medium and large displacement stages as the axial displacement of the support increases. Through the geometric evolution of the arc-shaped energy dissipation section 2b, the free rotation of the end pin 6, and the increase of the effective resistance component, it continuously provides additional stiffness and later load-bearing capacity; thus, the hybrid metal energy dissipation support forms a mechanism of phased energy dissipation, phased load-bearing, and continuous high post-yield stiffness.

[0037] The first metal energy dissipation unit 1 is detachably connected to the inner force transmission component 3 and the outer force transmission component 4 via high-strength bolts 7; the second metal energy dissipation unit 2 is detachably connected to the inner force transmission component 3 and the outer force transmission component 4 via pins 6; when the first metal energy dissipation unit 1 or the second metal energy dissipation unit 2 undergoes plastic deformation, low-cycle fatigue damage or fracture after a strong earthquake, the damaged energy dissipation unit can be replaced individually.

[0038] During the axial reciprocating deformation of the support, the first metal energy dissipation unit 1 provides bending yield energy dissipation, and the second metal energy dissipation unit 2 provides additional resistance components caused by the evolution of the arc-shaped geometric configuration; the two are superimposed to form a hybrid metal energy dissipation support with adjustable stiffness after yielding, enhanced bearing capacity in the later stage, and designable hysteresis performance.

[0039] The gusset plate 5 is used to improve the integrity, lateral stability, and force transmission reliability of the external force transmission component 4, and to limit the local bending deformation of the external force transmission component 4 during the axial loading process of the support. The gusset plates 5 can be spaced along the length of the support, and the spacing should meet the stability requirements of the external force transmission component 4. Generally, it should be ensured that the external force transmission component 4 does not experience significant local bending, lateral instability, or relative misalignment between the two channel steels during the cyclic loading of the support. The external force transmission components are connected by the gusset plates to form an integral external force transmission system. The gusset plate 5 not only improves the integrity, lateral stability, and force transmission reliability of the external force transmission component 4, but also constrains the relative misalignment and local bending deformation between the two channel steels, ensuring that the internal force transmission component 3 and the external force transmission component 4 can stably undergo axial relative displacement. In particular, the second metal energy dissipation unit 2 is a spindle-shaped damper, which generates significant lateral or transverse internal force components after participating in the stress during the large displacement stage. If the gusset plate is removed, these internal force components will cause significant bending or local deformation of the external force transmission component, resulting in the inability of the effective resistance component of the arc-shaped damper to be stably transmitted to the support axis, thereby weakening or even failing to fully realize the later-stage strengthening effect of the support during large displacement. Therefore, the gusset plate 5 is not simply an additional component to improve the effect, but rather a mechanism to ensure the overall coordinated stress distribution and later-stage strengthening of the back-to-back channel steel external force transmission component 4.

[0040] The U-shaped metal dampers can be symmetrically distributed to ensure balanced stress on the hybrid metal energy-dissipating support; typically, both sides face the same direction. The structure is simple and installation is convenient.

[0041] The number of the first metal energy-dissipating unit 1 and the second metal energy-dissipating unit 2 can be the same or different, and they are not required to correspond one-to-one or be located on the same vertical plane. Their numbers should be determined based on the bearing capacity, energy dissipation capacity, post-yield stiffness, and arrangement space of the support target. The number of first metal energy-dissipating units 1 can be 10-40; the number of second metal energy-dissipating units 2 can be 20-80. Preferably, both the first metal energy-dissipating units 1 and the second metal energy-dissipating units 2 are arranged in pairs relative to the support axis, and the ratio of the number of first metal energy-dissipating units 1 to the number of second metal energy-dissipating units 2 is preferably 1:2. Preferably, the first metal energy-dissipating units 1 and the second metal energy-dissipating units 2 are arranged in groups along the length of the support and symmetrically arranged relative to the support axis to reduce eccentric forces and additional torsion. If their numbers are different, a uniform or partitioned arrangement can be used to ensure that the overall support force center is as close as possible to the support axis. Increasing the number of the first metal energy-dissipating unit 1 mainly improves the energy dissipation capacity and yield bearing capacity during the small displacement stage; increasing the number of the second metal energy-dissipating unit 2 mainly improves the additional stiffness and later bearing capacity during the medium and large displacement stages.

[0042] According to some embodiments of this application, the first metal energy dissipation unit 1 includes two straight sections 1a and a bending energy dissipation section 1b located between the two straight sections 1a; the second metal energy dissipation unit 2 includes two end connecting sections 2a and a symmetrical arc-shaped energy dissipation section 2b located between the two end connecting sections 2a; the inner force transmission member 3 is an H-beam, the H-beam including a first web 3a and a first flange 3b, the first web 3a being a continuous plate, and the first flange 3b being spaced apart along the support length direction; the outer force transmission member 4 is two oppositely arranged channel steels, the channel steel including a second web 4a and a second flange 4b; the two straight sections 1a are respectively connected to the first web 3a of the inner force transmission member 3 and the second web 4a of the outer force transmission member 4 by high-strength bolts 7; the end connecting sections 2a are respectively connected to the first flange 3b of the inner force transmission member 3 and the second flange 4b ​​of the outer force transmission member 4 by pins 6.

[0043] A connecting hole is provided on the straight section 1a, which is used to insert a high-strength bolt 7 so that the first metal energy dissipation unit 1 is connected to the first web 3a of the inner force transmission member 3 and the second web 4a of the outer force transmission member 4 respectively; during the axial reciprocating deformation of the support, the bending energy dissipation section 1b undergoes reciprocating bending elastoplastic deformation and dissipates the seismic input energy.

[0044] The number and location of connecting holes on the straight section 1a of the first metal energy dissipation unit 1 should meet the requirements of connection bearing capacity, bolt construction space, and force symmetry. The number of connecting holes on each straight section 1a can be 4 to 6. The diameter of the connecting holes can be 1 to 2 mm larger than the diameter of the high-strength bolt 7. The distance from the center of the connecting hole to the edge of the end of the straight section 1a can be 2 to 4 times the bolt diameter, the distance from the center of the connecting hole to the side edge of the straight section 1a can be 1.5 to 3 times the bolt diameter, and the center-to-center distance between adjacent connecting holes can be 3 to 5 times the bolt diameter. The connecting holes should preferably be arranged symmetrically along the length and width of the straight section 1a, and meet the minimum edge distance, end distance, and spacing requirements of the high-strength bolt 7.

[0045] The end connecting section 2a is provided with a pin 6 connecting hole, and is connected to the first flange plate 3b of the inner force transmission member 3 and the second flange plate 4b of the outer force transmission member 4 respectively through the pin 6; the center line of the pin 6 connecting holes of the two end connecting sections 2a forms the connecting axis of the second metal energy dissipation unit 2, and the direction of the connecting axis is perpendicular to the axial force direction of the hybrid metal energy dissipation support, so that the second metal energy dissipation unit 2 is arranged in a direction perpendicular to the support axis.

[0046] The arc-shaped energy dissipation section 2b is connected between the first flange plate 3b of the inner force transmission member 3 and the second flange plate 4b of the outer force transmission member 4 through the end connecting sections 2a at both ends. During the process of increasing axial displacement of the support, the geometry, force direction and effective resistance component along the support axis of the arc-shaped energy dissipation section 2b change, so that the second metal energy dissipation unit 2 gradually provides additional stiffness and later bearing capacity in the medium and large displacement stages.

[0047] The purpose of the spaced arrangement of the first flange plate 3b is primarily to provide a connection position for the pin 6 of the second metal energy dissipation unit 2, while also reserving construction space for the bolt installation of the first metal energy dissipation unit 1. The spacing of the flange plates should meet the requirements of the installation space for the pin 6 and the tightening space for the bolts of the first metal energy dissipation unit 1. The length, width, and thickness of the flange plates should ensure that the pin 6 connection has sufficient bearing capacity, shear resistance, and local stability. The thickness of the first flange plate 3b can be 8~30 mm, preferably not less than the thickness of the second metal energy dissipation unit 2. The outward extension length of the first flange plate 3b perpendicular to the support direction can be 70~200 mm, and the dimension along the support length direction can be 70~150 mm. If the flange plate is too small, it will weaken the bearing capacity of the pin 6 connection and affect the stability of the second metal energy dissipation unit 2 in bearing the load; if the flange plate is too large, it will increase the material consumption and processing cost, and may affect the layout space of the energy dissipation unit.

[0048] The first flange plate 3b is arranged at intervals along the support length direction and is formed by cutting a continuous steel plate.

[0049] The length, width, and thickness of the straight section 1a of the first metal energy dissipation unit 1 should be determined based on the arrangement of connecting bolts, shear bearing capacity, and the overall bearing capacity and deformation requirements of the energy dissipation unit. The thickness of the straight section 1a can be 6~30mm, the width can be 50~300mm, and the length can be 50~250mm. The height of the straight section 1a does not necessarily have to be the same as the web of the inner force transmission member 3. When the height of the straight section 1a is lower than the height of the web of the inner force transmission member 3, it should preferably be centered or symmetrically arranged relative to the height of the web.

[0050] For ease of processing, the bending energy dissipation section 1b is preferably semi-circular. The key requirement is to ensure that the bending energy dissipation section 1b can undergo stable and repeatable reciprocating bending elastoplastic deformation, and to avoid premature local damage caused by geometrical abrupt changes.

[0051] The thickness, width, and bending radius of the bending energy dissipation segment 1b directly affect the initial stiffness, yield bearing capacity, energy dissipation capacity, and low-cycle fatigue performance of the first metal energy dissipation unit 1. The thickness of the bending energy dissipation segment 1b of the first metal energy dissipation unit 1 can be 6~30 mm, the width can be 50~300 mm, and the radius of the bending energy dissipation segment 1b can be 25~150 mm. Increasing the thickness improves the bearing capacity and energy dissipation capacity, but reduces the low-cycle fatigue performance; increasing the width improves the bearing capacity and energy dissipation capacity, but has no significant impact on the low-cycle fatigue performance; a bending radius that is too small leads to strain concentration and reduced fatigue performance, while a bending radius that is too large increases the deformation capacity, but significantly reduces the bearing capacity. Therefore, the dimensions of the bending energy dissipation segment 1b should be determined comprehensively based on the yield bearing capacity and deformation capacity of the supported target.

[0052] According to some embodiments of this application, the arc-shaped energy-consuming segment 2b is circular arc-shaped.

[0053] As the axial displacement of the hybrid metal energy-dissipating support increases, the geometry, force direction, and effective resistance components along the support axis of the arc-shaped energy-dissipating segment 2b change, causing the second metal energy-dissipating unit 2 to gradually provide additional stiffness and later-stage bearing capacity during the medium and large displacement stages. Through this special arrangement and force mechanism, the support can form a sustained high post-yield stiffness mechanism.

[0054] The curvature of the arc-shaped energy-dissipating segment 2b affects the timing of the second metal energy-dissipating unit 2's participation in stress during the medium and large displacement stages, the rate of increase of its effective resistance component, and its later stiffness. If the curvature is too small, the second metal energy-dissipating unit 2 is prone to participating in stress too early, and the local strain concentration will also increase; if the curvature is too large, the initial axial effective resistance component will be small, its participation in stress will be delayed, and the later strengthening effect may be insufficient. The central angle of the arc-shaped energy-dissipating segment 2b is preferably 90°~150°.

[0055] According to some embodiments of this application, the two arc-shaped energy-consuming segments 2b are respectively provided with rounded chamfers at the intersection of the curves at both ends.

[0056] The rounded chamfer is used to reduce stress concentration caused by geometric abrupt changes, reduce the degree of local plastic strain concentration, and improve the low-cycle fatigue performance and hysteretic stability of the second metal energy dissipation unit 2.

[0057] The chamfer radius and transition length should be determined based on the principles of avoiding geometric abrupt changes, reducing stress concentration, and ensuring ease of machining.

[0058] If the chamfer radius is too small, it will be difficult to effectively reduce stress concentration, which may lead to local plastic strain concentration and premature fatigue cracking under large reciprocating deformation; if the chamfer radius is too large, it may change the effective length and force path of the arc-shaped energy-dissipating segment 2b, affecting its participation in the force and its later stiffness. The radius of the arc chamfer can be 0.5 to 1 times the width of the second metal energy-dissipating unit 2. The position of the end point of the arc chamfer is determined according to the distance of 1 / 10 to 1 / 4 width offset from the intersecting curves, and a smooth transition between the arc-shaped energy-dissipating segment 2b and the end connection segment should be ensured.

[0059] According to some embodiments of this application, the external force transmission member 4 is two channel steels arranged back to back.

[0060] The external force transmission component 4 can also be arranged face-to-face, but additional space must be provided for the installation of the energy dissipation unit and the connection space for the pin 6; otherwise, interference between components or installation difficulties may occur. Therefore, a back-to-back arrangement is the preferred implementation. In particular, it will cause difficulties in the connection operation of the pin 6 between the second metal energy dissipation unit 2 and the external force transmission component 4 because there is insufficient operating space.

[0061] According to some embodiments of this application, a limiting member 10 is provided between the inner force transmission member 3 and the two outer force transmission members 4. Only one end of the limiting member 10 is connected to the inner force transmission member 3 or the outer force transmission member 4 through the high-strength bolt 7, and the other end is a free end.

[0062] The third flange plate 10a on one side of the limiting member 10 has a connecting hole, which is connected to the second web plate 4a of the outer force transmission member 4 by a high-strength bolt 7 for easy installation; there is a gap between the limiting member 10 and the first web plate 3a of the inner force transmission member 3, and there is no fixed connection between the two; the limiting member 10 is used to limit the out-of-plane deformation of the first web plate 3a of the inner force transmission member 3 and to ensure that the inner force transmission member 3 can move freely along the support axis.

[0063] According to some embodiments of this application, the limiting member 10 is a short H-beam, and the third flange plate 10a on one side of the short H-beam is connected to the second web plate 4a of the external force transmission member 4 or the first web plate 3a of the internal force transmission member 3 by high-strength bolts 7, and the other side is a free end.

[0064] According to some embodiments of this application, the limiting member 10 is configured in a one-to-one correspondence with the lacing plate 5.

[0065] According to some embodiments of this application, the left connecting member 8 includes a left ear plate 8a, a left rectangular end plate 8b, and two short channel steel components 8c, which are welded together as a whole. The left ear plate 8a is welded to one side of the left rectangular end plate 8b, and one end of the short channel steel component 8c is welded to the opposite side of the left rectangular end plate 8b. The two short channel steel components 8c are arranged back-to-back with a gap. The first web plate 3a of the inner force transmission component 3 is inserted into the gap and connected by high-strength bolts 7. The right connecting member 9 includes a right ear plate 9a, a right rectangular end plate 9b, and a short H-shaped steel component 9c, which are welded together as a whole. The right ear plate 9a is welded to one side of the right rectangular end plate 9b, and one end of the short H-shaped steel component 9c is welded to the opposite side of the right rectangular end plate 9b. The second web plates 4a of the outer force transmission components 4 on both sides are respectively connected to the flange plates of the short H-shaped steel component 9c by high-strength bolts 7.

[0066] According to some embodiments of this application, the pin 6 is not subject to preload.

[0067] No preload is applied at the pin 6 connection point. The limiting nut or bolt at the pin 6 connection point only needs to be manually tightened for axial limiting, ensuring that the end connecting section 2a of the second metal energy dissipation unit 2 can rotate freely around the pin 6. No effective clamping preload is applied at the pin 6 connection point, or its preload should not cause significant frictional constraint between the end connecting section 2a of the second metal energy dissipation unit 2 and the connecting lug, ensuring that the end connecting section 2a can rotate freely around the pin 6. This avoids excessive preload that restricts the rotation of the second metal energy dissipation unit 2, thus affecting its contact state transition and phased participation in the force-bearing mechanism.

[0068] According to some embodiments of this application, the first metal energy dissipation unit 1 and the second metal energy dissipation unit 2 are symmetrically arranged along the center line of the length direction of the internal force transmission member 3.

[0069] That is, it is set symmetrically with respect to the support axis to reduce the eccentric force and additional torsional effect of the support during the reciprocating loading process.

[0070] According to some embodiments of this application, the diameter of the connecting hole of the pin 6 provided on the end connecting section 2a of the second metal energy dissipation unit 2 is slightly larger than the diameter of the pin 6.

[0071] The diameter of the connecting hole of the pin 6 is slightly larger than the diameter of the pin 6, so that a preset gap is formed between the second metal energy dissipation unit 2 and the pin 6. The preset gap is used to accommodate machining errors and assembly errors, and to adjust the contact state transformation, rotational freedom and participation in force of the second metal energy dissipation unit 2 during the axial reciprocating deformation process.

[0072] The diameter of the connecting hole of the pin 6 on the end connecting section 2a of the second metal energy dissipation unit 2 is 1.0~3.0 mm larger than the diameter of the pin 6, preferably 1.0~1.5 mm larger, to form a preset gap. The preset gap is used to accommodate machining errors and assembly errors.

[0073] According to some embodiments of this application, the thickness t1 of the first metal energy-dissipating unit 1 can be 6~30 mm, the width b1 can be 50~300 mm, the radius R1 of the bent energy-dissipating section 1b can be 25~150 mm, the length L of the straight section 1a can be 50~250 mm, and the number of units arranged can be 10~40; the thickness t2 of the second metal energy-dissipating unit 2 can be 6~30 mm, the width b2 can be 6~35 mm, the radius R2 of the arc can be 50~250 mm, the angle θ of the arc can be 90°~150°, and the number of units arranged can be 20~80. The initial stiffness, yield bearing capacity, post-yield stiffness, energy dissipation capacity, and ultimate bearing capacity of the hybrid metal energy-dissipating support can be changed.

[0074] According to some embodiments of this application, the first metal energy dissipation unit 1 and the second metal energy dissipation unit 2 may be made of metal materials with good elastic-plastic deformation capabilities, such as low yield point steel and ordinary carbon steel.

[0075] For low yield point steels, LY100, LY160, and LY225 are preferred, while Q235 steel is preferred for ordinary carbon steels. Good elastic-plastic deformation capacity is typically defined as an elongation at break of not less than 40%.

[0076] The first metal energy dissipation unit 1 and the second metal energy dissipation unit 2 can be processed using steel materials such as Q235 steel, LY100, and LY160, which have low yield points and good elastic-plastic deformation capabilities.

[0077] The steel grades for internal force transmission component 3, external force transmission component 4, gusset plate 5, left connecting part 8, and right connecting part 9 can be Q355, Q460 steel, or even higher grade steel.

[0078] An application of a hybrid metal energy-dissipating brace with adjustable post-yield stiffness, wherein the hybrid metal energy-dissipating brace can be arranged between beam-column joints of structural floors, between column bases and beam ends, at the position of diagonal bracing within the frame span, and in external additional damping bracing systems.

[0079] The hybrid metal energy-dissipating support is connected at both ends to the node plates, embedded parts, connecting seats, or steel beam-column nodes of the main structure via left connector 8 and right connector 9, respectively. Both left connector 8 and right connector 9 are equipped with left ear plates 8a and right ear plates 9a at their ends. These ear plates can be connected to the main structure via pins 6 or high-strength bolts 7, thus forming a hinged or near-hinged boundary and reducing the additional bending moment at the support ends. The force from the main structure is transmitted through the two end connectors to the internal force transmission member 3 and the external force transmission member 4, and then to the first metal energy-dissipating unit 1 and the second metal energy-dissipating unit 2, causing the energy-dissipating units to preferentially undergo elastoplastic deformation and dissipate the seismic input energy.

[0080] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and not to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims and specification of this application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A hybrid metal energy-dissipating brace with adjustable post-yield stiffness, characterized in that, It includes a first metal energy dissipation unit (1), a second metal energy dissipation unit (2), an internal force transmission component (3), an external force transmission component (4), a connecting plate (5), a pin (6), a high-strength bolt (7), a left connecting piece (8), and a right connecting piece (9); The external force transmission component (4) is arranged parallel to both sides of the internal force transmission component (3), and the external force transmission components (4) on both sides are connected to the internal force transmission component (3) in the center through the first metal energy dissipation unit (1) and the second metal energy dissipation unit (2) respectively, so that the internal force transmission component (3) and the external force transmission component (4) form a force transmission system along the support length direction; The first metal energy dissipation unit (1) is a U-shaped metal damper. The first metal energy dissipation unit (1) is located on the upper and lower sides between the inner force transmission member (3) and the outer force transmission member (4). A plurality of the first metal energy dissipation units (1) are evenly arranged along the support length direction. The first metal energy dissipation unit (1) is connected to the inner force transmission member (3) and the outer force transmission member (4) through the pin (6). The second metal energy dissipation unit (2) is a shuttle-shaped metal damper. The second metal energy dissipation unit (2) is located on the center line of the first metal energy dissipation unit (1) on the upper and lower sides. The second metal energy dissipation unit (2) is evenly provided with a number of units along the support length direction. The connecting plate (5) is disposed between the two external force transmission components (4); The left connector (8) and the right connector (9) are respectively located at both ends of the hybrid metal energy dissipation support. The left connector (8) is connected to one end of the inner force transmission member (3), and the right connector (9) is connected to one end of the outer force transmission member (4). The second metal energy-consuming unit (2) is connected to the inner force transmission component (3) and the outer force transmission component (4), the gusset plate (5) and the outer force transmission component (4), the left connector (8) and the inner force transmission component (3), and the right connector (9) and the outer force transmission component (4) by the high-strength bolt (7).

2. The hybrid metal energy-dissipating support as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first metal energy dissipation unit (1) includes two straight sections (1a) and a curved energy dissipation section (1b) located between the two straight sections (1a); the second metal energy dissipation unit (2) includes two end connecting sections (2a) and a symmetrical arc-shaped energy dissipation section (2b) located between the two end connecting sections (2a); the internal force transmission member (3) is an H-beam, the H-beam includes a first web (3a) and a first flange (3b), the first web (3a) is a continuous plate, and the first flange (3b) extends along the support length. The force transmission components are arranged at intervals in the direction; the external force transmission component (4) consists of two channel steels arranged back to back, the channel steels include a second web plate (4a) and a second flange plate (4b); the two straight sections (1a) are respectively connected to the first web plate (3a) of the internal force transmission component (3) and the second web plate (4a) of the external force transmission component (4) by the high-strength bolts (7); the end connecting sections (2a) are respectively connected to the first flange plate (3b) of the internal force transmission component (3) and the second flange plate (4b) of the external force transmission component (4) by the pins (6).

3. The hybrid metal energy-dissipating support as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The arc-shaped energy-consuming section (2b) is arc-shaped; the two arc-shaped energy-consuming sections (2b) are respectively provided with arc chamfers at the intersection of the curves at both ends; the radius of the arc can be 50~250 mm, and the arc angle can be 90°~150°.

4. The hybrid metal energy-dissipating support as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A limiting member (10) is provided between the internal force transmission member (3) and the two external force transmission members (4). The limiting member (10) is connected to the internal force transmission member (3) or the external force transmission member (4) by the high-strength bolt (7) at one end, and the other end is a free end. The limiting member (10) is a short H-beam. The third flange plate (10a) on one side of the short H-beam is connected to the second web plate (4a) of the external force transmission member (4) or the first web plate (3a) of the internal force transmission member (3) by the high-strength bolt (7), and the other side is a free end. The limiting member (10) is provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the connecting plate (5).

5. The hybrid metal energy-dissipating support as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The left connector (8) includes a left ear plate (8a), a left rectangular end plate (8b), and two short channel steel components (8c). The left ear plate (8a) is welded to one side of the left rectangular end plate (8b), and one end of the short channel steel component (8c) is welded to the opposite side of the left rectangular end plate (8b). The two short channel steel components (8c) are arranged back to back with a gap. The first web plate (3a) of the inner force transmission component (3) is inserted into the gap and connected by a high-strength bolt (7). The right connector (9) includes a right ear plate (9a), a right rectangular end plate (9b), and a short H-shaped steel component (9c). The right ear plate (9a) is welded to one side of the right rectangular end plate (9b), and one end of the short H-shaped steel component (9c) is welded to the opposite side of the right rectangular end plate (9b). The second web plates (4a) of the outer force transmission components (4) on both sides are connected to the flange plates of the short H-shaped steel component (9c) by high-strength bolts (7).

6. The hybrid metal energy-dissipating support as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pin (6) is not subjected to preload; the diameter of the pin (6) connection hole on the end connection section (2a) of the second metal energy dissipation unit (2) is larger than the diameter of the pin (6).

7. The hybrid metal energy-dissipating support as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The first metal energy dissipation unit (1) and the second metal energy dissipation unit (2) are symmetrically arranged along the center line of the length direction of the internal force transmission member (3).

8. The hybrid metal energy-dissipating support as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The thickness of the first metal energy-consuming unit (1) can be 6~30 mm, the width can be 50~300 mm, the radius of the bent energy-consuming section (1b) can be 25~150 mm, the length of the straight section (1a) can be 50~250 mm, and the number of units arranged can be 10~40; the thickness of the second metal energy-consuming unit (2) can be 6~30 mm, the width can be 6~35 mm, and the number of units arranged can be 20~80.

9. The hybrid metal energy-dissipating support as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first metal energy-consuming unit (1) and the second metal energy-consuming unit (2) can be made of metal materials such as low yield point steel or ordinary carbon steel.

10. An application of a hybrid metal energy-dissipating brace with adjustable post-yield stiffness, characterized in that, Includes the hybrid metal energy-dissipating brace as described in any one of claims 1-9, wherein the hybrid metal energy-dissipating brace is arranged between beam-column joints of structural floors, between column bases and beam ends, at the position of diagonal bracing within the frame span, and in the external additional damping support system.

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