A hole door efficient water stop structure for pipe jacking construction

Abstract

This invention discloses a high-efficiency water-stopping structure for tunnel portals in pipe jacking construction, comprising: a portal frame, a steel brush grease water-stopping layer, a water-absorbing and expanding resin layer, and a cement-soil layer arranged sequentially from the inside out. By adding a water-absorbing and expanding resin layer between the steel brush grease water-stopping layer and the cement-soil layer, when the cement-soil layer cracks or warps due to high water and soil pressure, creating tiny gaps with the inner steel brush grease water-stopping layer, the infiltrating groundwater triggers the water-absorbing and expanding resin layer to rapidly absorb water and expand, actively filling the cracks, interlayer separation gaps, and soil deformation gaps in the cement-soil layer. This immediately blocks through-flow seepage channels, preventing direct erosion and damage to the inner steel brush grease water-stopping layer, thereby preventing water leakage and sand inrush. Furthermore, the water-absorbing and expanding resin layer possesses good elasticity and deformation capacity, which can buffer and relieve the direct impact of groundwater pressure, jacking vibration, and ground displacement on the outer brittle cement-soil layer, extending the service life and stability of the cement-soil sealing structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pipe jacking construction technology, and in particular to a high-efficiency water-stopping structure for tunnel portals in pipe jacking construction. Background Technology

[0002] In the construction of urban underground pipe networks and tunnels, pipe jacking technology is widely used due to its minimal impact on surface traffic and the surrounding environment. Sealing and waterproofing between the tunnel portal and the pipe sections is the core of the construction, crucial to safety and quality. Currently, the common method for sealing pipe jacking tunnel portals is a combined internal and external sealing system: internally, multiple annular steel brush seals are used, with dynamic waterproofing achieved by continuously injecting sealing grease into the brush cavities, relying on the filling and sealing effect of the grease and the steel brush bristles; externally, a rigid sealing structure is formed by the cement-soil layer around the portal ring, which, together with the internal steel brush grease layer, constitutes a waterproof barrier.

[0003] However, this traditional method of sealing tunnel entrances has significant drawbacks: under long-term groundwater infiltration, jacking vibration, and ground displacement, the undisturbed soil surrounding the cement-soil layer is easily saturated by a large amount of water, leading to a significant increase in pore water pressure and lateral soil-water pressure, which continuously acts on the outer cement-soil layer. The cement-soil layer is a brittle, rigid structure, prone to localized cracking and warping under uneven high pressure, thus forming a through-hole and seepage channel between it and the inner steel-brushed grease sealing layer. This allows external water and sediment to enter the gaps, damaging the internal grease seal and causing leakage, threatening construction safety and the surrounding environment.

[0004] Therefore, the existing technology still needs to be improved and enhanced. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a high-efficiency water-stopping structure for tunnel portals in pipe jacking construction. This structure aims to solve the problem that in the prior art, when the outer layer of cement soil cracks and lifts, a through gap and seepage channel are formed between the outer layer and the inner steel brush grease water-stopping layer, causing external water and mud to flow into the gap and destroy the sealing effect of the internal grease, thus causing water leakage.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve the technical problem is as follows: In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a high-efficiency water-stopping structure for tunnel portals in pipe jacking construction, comprising: The portal frame is a ring-shaped tubular structure; A steel brush grease waterproofing layer, wherein the steel brush grease waterproofing layer covers the outside of the portal frame; A water-absorbing and expanding resin layer, which covers the steel brush grease waterproofing layer on the side away from the opening frame; A cement-soil layer, which covers the side of the water-absorbing and expanding resin layer away from the steel brush grease waterproofing layer.

[0007] As a further improved technical solution, the water-absorbing and swelling resin layer includes: A corrugated steel plate, which is ring-shaped and covers the steel brush grease waterproofing layer on the side away from the opening frame, with each adjacent corrugation forming a stretchable elastic cavity. A water-absorbing resin is used to fill the elastic cavity of the corrugated steel plate.

[0008] As a further improved technical solution, the folding angle between adjacent folds of the folded steel plate is 30°-60°.

[0009] As a further improved technical solution, the portal frame is constructed of cement mortar and bricks.

[0010] As a further improvement, the inner side of the portal frame is provided with a wear-resistant reinforcement layer.

[0011] As a further improved technical solution, the above-mentioned high-efficiency water-stopping structure for tunnel portals in pipe jacking construction also includes: A humidity sensor is embedded inside the door frame and is connected to an external data terminal signal.

[0012] As a further improved technical solution, the above-mentioned high-efficiency water-stopping structure for tunnel portals in pipe jacking construction also includes: A pressure sensor is embedded inside the portal frame and is connected to an external data terminal signal.

[0013] As a further improved technical solution, a grouting channel is provided in the cement-soil layer, and a grouting hole is provided on one end face of the cement-soil layer near the outside of the tunnel, and the grouting hole is connected to the grouting channel.

[0014] As a further improved technical solution, the above-mentioned high-efficiency water-stopping structure for tunnel portals in pipe jacking construction also includes: A one-way valve connector is provided at the grouting hole to enable one-way grouting to repair the cement-soil layer.

[0015] As a further improved technical solution, the inner side of the wear-resistant reinforcement layer is provided with a plurality of uniformly spaced grooves along the circumferential direction, and each of the grooves is distributed along the axial direction of the portal frame.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention have the following advantages: This invention provides a high-efficiency water-stopping structure for tunnel portals in pipe jacking construction, comprising: a portal frame, which is a ring-shaped pipe structure; a steel brush grease water-stopping layer covering the outside of the portal frame; a water-absorbing and expanding resin layer covering the side of the steel brush grease water-stopping layer opposite to the portal frame; and a cement-soil layer covering the side of the water-absorbing and expanding resin layer opposite to the steel brush grease water-stopping layer. This invention adds a water-absorbing and expanding resin layer between the steel brush grease water-stopping layer and the cement-soil layer. When the cement-soil layer cracks or warps due to high water and soil pressure, creating tiny gaps with the inner steel brush grease water-stopping layer, the infiltrating groundwater triggers the water-absorbing and expanding resin layer to rapidly absorb water and expand, actively filling the cracks, interlayer separation gaps, and soil deformation gaps in the cement-soil layer. This immediately blocks the through-seepage channels, preventing water from directly eroding and damaging the inner steel brush grease water-stopping layer, thereby preventing water leakage and sand inrush. Furthermore, the water-absorbing and expanding resin layer has good elasticity and deformation capacity, which can buffer and relieve the direct impact of groundwater pressure, jacking vibration and stratum displacement on the outer brittle cement soil layer, weaken the uneven high pressure effect, reduce the probability of cement soil layer cracking, warping and breaking, and extend the service life and stability of cement soil layer sealing structure. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 A front structural schematic diagram of the first embodiment of a high-efficiency water-stopping structure for tunnel portals in pipe jacking construction provided by the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged diagram of A in the middle; Figure 3 A side view of the first embodiment of a high-efficiency water-stopping structure for tunnel portals in pipe jacking construction provided by the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a high-efficiency water-stopping structure for tunnel portals in pipe jacking construction after water absorption and expansion, provided by the present invention. Figure 5 This is a front structural schematic diagram of a second embodiment of a high-efficiency water-stopping structure for tunnel portals in pipe jacking construction provided by the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Portal frame; 2. Steel brush grease waterproofing layer; 3. Water-absorbing and expanding resin layer; 301. Corrugated steel plate; 302. Water-absorbing resin; 4. Cement soil layer; 5. Wear-resistant reinforcing layer; 6. Humidity sensor; 7. Pressure sensor; 8. Grouting hole; 9. One-way valve connector; 10. Original soil. Detailed Implementation

[0019] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0020] Example: Please see Figures 1-5 The high-efficiency water-stopping structure for the tunnel portal in pipe jacking construction includes: a portal frame 1, which is a ring-shaped pipe structure; a steel brush grease water-stopping layer 2, which covers the outside of the portal frame 1; a water-absorbing and expanding resin layer 3, which covers the side of the steel brush grease water-stopping layer 2 away from the portal frame; and a cement-soil layer 4, which covers the side of the water-absorbing and expanding resin layer 3 away from the steel brush grease water-stopping layer 2.

[0021] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the high-efficiency water-stopping structure for the tunnel portal in pipe jacking construction consists of, from the inside out, a portal frame 1, a steel brush grease water-stopping layer 2, a water-absorbing and expanding resin layer 3, and a cement-soil layer 4; wherein, the portal frame 1 is a ring-shaped pipe structure, as shown in the figure. Figure 1 and Figure 5As shown, the structure includes, but is not limited to, a circular or square pipe structure. The portal frame 1 serves as the load-bearing foundation. The steel brush grease sealing layer 2 covers the outside of the portal frame 1. The water-absorbing and expanding resin layer 3 covers the side of the steel brush grease sealing layer 2 facing away from the portal frame. A cement-soil layer 4 covers the side of the water-absorbing and expanding resin layer 3 facing away from the steel brush grease sealing layer 2. In this embodiment, by adding a water-absorbing and expanding resin layer 3 between the steel brush grease sealing layer 2 and the cement-soil layer 4, three continuous water-stopping barriers are formed from the inside out: a dynamic sealing layer of steel brush grease, an active sealing layer of water-absorbing and expanding resin, and a rigid sealing layer of cement-soil. Groundwater and sediment must break through these three lines of defense step by step, changing from a single passive sealing to an active expansion sealing, significantly reducing the risk of leakage. When the cement-soil layer 4 cracks and warps due to high water and soil pressure, creating tiny gaps with the inner steel-brushed grease-sealed layer 2, the infiltrated groundwater triggers the water-absorbing and expanding resin layer 3 to rapidly absorb water and expand, actively filling the cracks, interlayer separation gaps, and soil deformation gaps in the cement-soil layer 4. This immediately blocks the through-seepage channels, preventing water from directly eroding and damaging the inner steel-brushed grease-sealed layer 2, thus preventing water leakage and sand inrush. Furthermore, the water-absorbing and expanding resin layer 3 possesses good elasticity and deformation capacity, which can buffer and relieve the direct impact of groundwater pressure, jacking vibration, and stratum displacement on the outer brittle cement-soil layer 4, weakening the uneven high-pressure effect, reducing the probability of cracking, warping, and breakage of the cement-soil layer 4, and extending the service life and stability of the cement-soil layer 4 sealing structure. This invention uses a water-absorbing and expanding resin layer 3 as an intermediate protective layer to prevent external mud, sand, and high-pressure water from directly invading the internal steel brush grease water-stopping layer 2, thus avoiding the dilution, loss, and failure of the grease and ensuring the long-term effectiveness of the steel brush grease water-stopping layer 2. This also prevents safety accidents such as ground subsidence, damage to surrounding buildings and structures, and construction water inrush caused by the failure of the water-stopping layer at the tunnel entrance.

[0022] like Figure 4As shown, further, the water-absorbing and expanding resin layer 3 includes a corrugated steel plate 301 and water-absorbing resin 302. The corrugated steel plate 301 is annular and covers the side of the steel brush grease sealing layer 2 away from the opening frame. Adjacent corrugations on its surface form expandable elastic cavities. The water-absorbing resin 302 fills the elastic cavities of the corrugated steel plate 301. Specifically, the corrugated steel plate 301 itself has an expandable corrugated structure, which can freely expand and contract with ground displacement, cracking of the cement-soil layer 4, and jacking vibration. This does not damage the overall structure and ensures that it always adheres to the inner and outer sealing layers, maintaining continuous sealing between layers, thus solving the problem that traditional rigid or flexible materials cannot adapt to large deformations. The corrugated steel plate 301 forms a closed elastic cavity, confining the water-absorbing resin 302 within the cavity, preventing the resin from being irregularly squeezed and scattered outwards after absorbing water and expanding; avoiding the resin being washed away and carried away by flowing groundwater, ensuring that the resin always acts on the weak points of the sealing, and continuously exerting its sealing effect. When water seeps in, the internal water-absorbing resin 302 absorbs water and expands, pushing the corrugated steel plate 301 outward. The expansion force acts evenly on the inner side of the cement-soil layer 4, actively filling cracks, interlayer separation gaps, and seepage channels in the cement-soil layer 4, achieving a dual function of elastic support and expansion sealing, resulting in faster and denser water stoppage. The corrugated steel plate 301 has a certain rigidity and can withstand lateral water and soil pressure and the impact of jacking vibration. It protects the internal resin from being directly crushed and buffers the impact of external forces on the inner steel brush grease waterstop layer 2, delaying the cracking and damage of the outer cement-soil layer 4, and improving the overall waterstop structure's resistance to damage. Furthermore, the annular corrugated steel plate 301 is continuously arranged along the circumference of the tunnel entrance, forming a complete elastic waterstop ring in conjunction with the internal resin filling. This effectively prevents mud and sand from entering the interior, avoiding wear and tear on the steel brush and dilution of the grease, ensuring the long-term reliability of the sealing waterstop structure.

[0023] Furthermore, the fold angle between adjacent folds of the corrugated steel plate 301 is 30°-60°, and the folds of the corrugated steel plate 301 are provided with arc-shaped transition rounded corners to prevent the steel plate from breaking due to stress concentration during the unfolding or contraction of the folds; and the unfolding expansion amount of the corrugated steel plate 301 can be adaptively adjusted according to the size of the crack gap. Specifically, controlling the fold angle within 30°–60° allows the corrugated steel plate 301 to simultaneously have sufficient expansion and contraction deformation space and sufficient structural rigidity. If the angle is too small, the expansion stroke will be insufficient and unable to effectively fill large crack gaps; if the angle is too large, the structure will be too soft and the support will be weak, making it difficult to resist lateral water and soil pressure. This angle range ensures sufficient unfolding amount when the resin expands, while maintaining overall circumferential rigidity and stably supporting the outer cement-soil layer 4. The folded sections feature rounded corners, significantly reducing stress concentration during repeated unfolding and contraction. This prevents sharp-corner cracking and steel plate tearing under jacking vibration, ground compression, and resin expansion thrust, greatly improving the fatigue resistance and service life of the folded steel plate 301 and ensuring structural integrity and reliability under long-term reciprocating deformation. The folded steel plate 301 can adaptively adjust its unfolding amplitude and expansion amount according to the actual crack size and interlayer gap depth of the cement-soil layer 4: small seepage gaps correspond to small-amplitude unfolding, while larger cracks result in large-amplitude expansion, always maintaining close contact with the outer cement-soil layer 4. This achieves dynamic matching of gap size and sealing amount, resulting in tighter sealing and more timely water stoppage. Under complex conditions such as groundwater pressure, stratum displacement, and vibration during pipe jacking construction, the rounded-corner corrugated steel plate 301 deforms smoothly and is subjected to uniform stress, preventing local jamming or sudden stress. This ensures that the expansion force of the water-absorbing resin 302 is evenly transmitted to all parts of the gap, while continuously buffering external impacts, further protecting the inner steel brush grease waterstop layer 2, and improving the long-term stability of the entire tunnel portal waterstop system.

[0024] In this embodiment, the portal frame 1 is constructed of cement mortar and bricks. The bricks are laid in a staggered, overlapping manner, with the overlap length between adjacent bricks not less than 1 / 3 of the side length of the brick. Specifically, this embodiment uses cement mortar and bricks to form a ring-shaped portal frame 1, which has a dense structure and strong load-bearing capacity. It can reliably withstand the external water and soil pressure, the reaction force of pipe jacking construction, and the force of each water-stopping structural layer, avoiding overall deformation and collapse. It provides stable support and installation benchmark for the inner steel-brushed grease water-stopping layer 2, the middle water-absorbing and expanding resin layer 3, and the outer cement-soil layer 4, ensuring that the entire water-stopping structure is uniformly stressed and stable in shape. The staggered, overlapping construction method allows the vertical joints between adjacent bricks to be staggered, avoiding through joints. Structurally, it cuts off the seepage channels extending along the brick joints, preventing groundwater from directly seeping into the portal through the masonry gaps, reducing the risk of leakage at the source, and forming a synergistic protection with the outer multi-layer water-stopping structure. Limiting the overlap length of adjacent bricks to no less than 1 / 3 of the side length of the brick can significantly improve the interlocking force between bricks and the overall structural integrity, enhance the shear strength, pull-out strength and deformation resistance of the portal frame 1, and prevent problems such as brick loosening, falling off and crack development under the action of jacking vibration and stratum compression, thus ensuring the long-term integrity and reliability of the portal frame 1.

[0025] Furthermore, in the steel brush grease sealing layer 2, the steel wires of the steel brush are arranged at an angle of 15°-30° with the direction of pipe jacking, forming a reverse interception structure to enhance the blocking effect on groundwater and sediment. Multiple rows of inclined steel wires intertwine, forcing groundwater and sediment to seep along a tortuous path, significantly extending the seepage path and reducing seepage pressure. Combined with the sealing effect of the grease, this further prevents fine sand particles from entering the steel brush, protecting the sealing system from damage. The inclined steel wires have better elasticity and recovery performance, making them less prone to collapse or disintegration under jacking vibration, ground pressure, and water flow impact. They can maintain a stable interception form for a long time, ensuring the continuous and reliable operation of the tunnel portal sealing structure under complex working conditions. Moreover, the grease filling the gaps between the steel brushes is a water-non-dispersible sealing grease, possessing both lubrication and water-stopping functions, and maintaining stable performance over long-term use.

[0026] Furthermore, the steel brush grease sealing layer 2 is continuously arranged around the circumference of the portal frame 1. Along the axial direction of the portal frame 1, i.e., along the jacking construction direction, the edge of the steel brush grease sealing layer 2 extends 5-10cm beyond the edge of the portal frame 1 and the edge of the water-absorbing and expanding resin layer 3, forming an overlapping and sealing structure to avoid water-stopping blind spots. The continuous arrangement of the steel brush grease sealing layer 2 around the circumference of the portal frame 1, combined with the 5-10cm axial overlap, can completely cover the end face edges of the portal frame 1 and the water-absorbing and expanding resin layer 3, eliminating the annular water-stopping blind spots caused by uneven end faces and installation gaps of various structural layers, structurally cutting off the leakage channels extending along the axial end face. During the on-site construction of the pipe jacking, installation deviations and uneven end faces of components such as the portal frame 1 and the water-absorbing and expanding resin layer 3 are inevitable. The 5–10 cm overlap allowance can adaptively compensate for construction errors, ensuring that even with slight misalignment at the edges of each layer, the brushed grease sealing layer 2 can still completely cover the sealing surface, preventing leakage due to gaps in the joints. The brushed grease sealing layer 2 extends axially outwards and covers the edges of adjacent structural layers, forming a superimposed overlap seal. This prevents groundwater and sediment from flowing around and intruding through the interlayer joints. Combined with internal sealing grease filling, it achieves multiple sealing, significantly improving the safety redundancy of the overall waterproofing structure. The extended overlap of the brushed grease sealing layer 2 can also wrap and protect the ends of the water-absorbing and expanding resin layer 3 and the portal frame 1, preventing direct scouring and embedding of sediment into the interlayer joints. Simultaneously, it buffers the impact of construction vibrations and soil and water pressure on the ends, protecting the internal structural layers from damage.

[0027] In this embodiment, the inner side of the portal frame 1 is provided with a wear-resistant reinforcing layer 5. The inner side of the wear-resistant reinforcing layer 5 has multiple evenly spaced grooves along its circumference, and each groove is distributed along the axial direction of the portal frame 1. Specifically, the wear-resistant reinforcing layer 5 on the inner side of the portal frame 1 can directly resist friction, scraping, and impact during the repeated jacking of the pipe section. The multiple evenly spaced grooves can disperse the jacking thrust of the pipe section, the formation pressure, and the concentrated stress caused by vibration, preventing excessive local stress on the inner side of the portal frame 1 from causing cracks and damage, and improving the stability and deformation resistance of the structure under complex loads. The evenly distributed circumferential grooves along the axial direction of the portal frame 1 can, on the one hand, store sealing grease, keeping the grease full within the grooves and continuously wetting the sealing interface to form a stable oil film, further enhancing the water-stopping effect; on the other hand, they can orderly guide a small amount of seeping water, preventing water from accumulating locally and forming high pressure, reducing the risk of leakage. The grooved structure changes the contact between the wear-resistant reinforcing layer 5 and the outer wall of the pipe section from surface contact to intermittent contact, effectively reducing the contact area and frictional resistance, making the pipe section jacking more effortless and stable, while reducing pipe section damage and wear on the inner side of the portal frame 1 caused by excessive friction, thus balancing sealing and construction efficiency.

[0028] Furthermore, the high-efficiency water-stopping structure for the tunnel portal used in pipe jacking construction also includes a humidity sensor 6 and a pressure sensor 7. The humidity sensor 6 and the pressure sensor 7 are respectively embedded inside the portal frame 1 and are both connected to an external data terminal. Embedding the humidity sensor 6 and pressure sensor 7 inside the portal frame 1 allows for real-time collection of internal humidity and water pressure values, which are then synchronously transmitted to the external data terminal. This enables 24 / 7 online monitoring of the water-stopping structure's working status, allowing for early detection and handling of leaks and abnormal increases in water pressure.

[0029] Specifically, when the humidity on the inner side suddenly increases, local seepage occurs, or the soil and water pressure rises abnormally to near the critical value, the two sensors can quickly report abnormal data and issue an early warning through the data terminal. This allows construction personnel to take measures such as grouting and grease replenishment in advance, preventing leakage from developing into water inrush or sand inrush accidents, and significantly improving the safety of pipe jacking construction. Combining the changes in both humidity and pressure data, it is possible to indirectly determine whether the outer steel brush grease sealing layer 2, water-absorbing and expanding resin layer 3, and cement-soil layer 4 have failed, are damaged, or have widened gaps. This provides data support for targeted maintenance, avoids blind construction, and improves the operation and maintenance efficiency of the sealing structure. Pressure sensor 7 continuously monitors the changes in lateral soil and water pressure and the load changes caused by stratum displacement. It can promptly detect problems such as uneven pressure distribution and local overload, guide the adjustment of construction parameters, prevent the portal frame 1 from cracking and deforming due to long-term high pressure, and ensure the stability of the main structure. The humidity and pressure data collected by the sensors can be uploaded, stored, and formed into monitoring curves in real time, realizing data traceability throughout the construction process. This facilitates project quality acceptance and management, and also provides a measured basis for the design and construction of similar pipe jacking portals in the future.

[0030] Furthermore, the cement-soil layer 4 is provided with a grouting channel, and a grouting hole 8 is provided on the end face of the cement-soil layer 4 near the outside of the tunnel. The grouting hole 8 is connected to the grouting channel. Traditionally, the cement-soil layer 4 cannot be internally reinforced after it is cast. This invention, by pre-embedding the grouting channel and setting the grouting hole 8 on the outside, allows for grouting reinforcement of the interior and surrounding soil of the cement-soil layer 4 at any time during construction and later operation. This solves the problem that traditional rigid sealing layers cannot be repaired and are difficult to handle after failure, greatly improving the maintainability and service life of the water-stopping structure.

[0031] Specifically, when shrinkage cracks, internal loosening, or separation voids occur in the cement-soil layer 4, cement grout, water-stopping grout, etc., can be injected into the grouting channel through the grouting hole 8. The grout spreads along the channel and fills internal defects and gaps, making the cement-soil layer 4 re-compacted, restoring and improving its rigid water-blocking and sand-blocking capabilities, and preventing further expansion of cracks to form through-seepage channels. Grout can also be injected into the undisturbed soil 10 surrounding the cement-soil layer 4 through the grouting channel, making the soil consolidated and compacted, reducing pore water pressure and lateral water and soil pressure, reducing the squeezing effect on the inner cement-soil layer 4 and the water-stopping structure from the source, reducing the risk of cracking and warping of the cement-soil layer 4, and protecting the internal multi-level water-stopping system. When the seepage is large and the expansion of the resin layer is insufficient to completely seal it, grouting can be used in conjunction to quickly seal large external cracks and soil cavities, achieving a synergistic effect of active resin sealing and passive grouting reinforcement, which can cope with complex strata with abundant groundwater and high water pressure, and significantly improve the reliability of water-stopping under extreme working conditions. Grouting holes 8 are located on the end face of the cement-soil layer 4 near the outer side of the tunnel. Their exposed location makes them easy to locate and connect to the grouting pipe. This eliminates the need to damage the sealing structures inside the tunnel portal, such as the steel brush and resin layer. Construction is convenient and does not affect the integrity of the original sealing system. It is also highly operable on site.

[0032] In this embodiment, the high-efficiency water-stopping structure for the tunnel portal in pipe jacking construction also includes a one-way valve connector 9. The one-way valve connector 9 is located at the grouting hole 8 to allow one-way grouting repair of the cement-soil layer 4. Specifically, the one-way valve connector 9 only allows external grout to enter the grouting channel and the interior of the cement-soil layer 4 through the grouting hole 8. This effectively prevents the injected grout from flowing back out along the grouting hole 8 after the grouting pressure disappears, ensuring that the grout fully fills cracks and voids and solidifies, avoiding grouting reinforcement failure due to grout backflow, and ensuring the grouting and water-stopping effect. Under non-grouting conditions, the one-way valve is normally closed, reliably sealing the grouting hole 8 channel and preventing groundwater and mud from seeping into the tunnel portal through the grouting hole 8, avoiding the formation of additional leakage channels, and protecting the sealing integrity of the cement-soil layer 4 and the inner multi-level water-stopping structure. No additional sealing measures are required during grouting; the grout pressure automatically opens the one-way valve to complete the grouting process. After grouting, the one-way valve automatically closes, eliminating the need for manual sealing and sizing, simplifying the construction process, and preventing high-pressure water and mud from splashing from the grouting port and causing injury, thus improving operational safety. After the one-way valve closes, it maintains the consolidation pressure within the grouted soil and cement-soil layer 4, preventing shrinkage and cracking of the consolidated body due to pressure relief at the orifice, ensuring the reinforced area is dense and stable, continuously resisting external water and soil pressure, and extending the service life of the water-stop structure. The one-way valve connector 9 can withstand multiple grouting operations. If the seal of the tunnel portal weakens or local leakage occurs later, it can be repeatedly reinforced with grout through this connector, giving the water-stop structure repeatable repair capabilities and meeting the long-term, high-reliability requirements of underground engineering.

[0033] In summary, the embodiments of the present invention provide a high-efficiency water-stopping structure for tunnel portals in pipe jacking construction, comprising: a portal frame 1, wherein the portal frame 1 is an annular pipe structure; a steel brush grease water-stopping layer 2, wherein the steel brush grease water-stopping layer 2 covers the outside of the portal frame 1; a water-absorbing and expanding resin layer 3, wherein the water-absorbing and expanding resin layer 3 covers the side of the steel brush grease water-stopping layer 2 away from the portal frame; and a cement-soil layer 4, wherein the cement-soil layer 4 covers the side of the water-absorbing and expanding resin layer 3 away from the steel brush grease water-stopping layer 2. This invention adds a water-absorbing and expanding resin layer 3 between the steel brush grease sealing layer 2 and the cement-soil layer 4. When the cement-soil layer 4 cracks or warps due to high water and soil pressure, creating tiny gaps with the inner steel brush grease sealing layer 2, the infiltrating groundwater triggers the water-absorbing and expanding resin layer 3 to rapidly absorb water and expand, actively filling the cracks, interlayer separation gaps, and soil deformation gaps in the cement-soil layer 4. This immediately blocks the through-seepage channels, preventing water from directly eroding and damaging the inner steel brush grease sealing layer 2, thus preventing water leakage and sand inrush. Furthermore, the water-absorbing and expanding resin layer 3 has good elasticity and deformation capacity, which can buffer and relieve the direct impact of groundwater pressure, jacking vibration, and stratum displacement on the outer brittle cement-soil layer 4, weakening the uneven high pressure effect, reducing the probability of cracking, warping, and breakage of the cement-soil layer 4, and extending the service life and stability of the cement-soil layer 4 sealing structure.

[0034] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0035] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0036] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0037] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0038] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0039] Of course, the above description of the embodiments of the present invention is quite detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention. The present invention may have many other implementations. Based on this implementation, other implementations obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort are all within the scope of protection of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency water-stopping structure for tunnel portals in pipe jacking construction, characterized in that, include: The portal frame is a ring-shaped tubular structure; A steel brush grease waterproofing layer, wherein the steel brush grease waterproofing layer covers the outside of the portal frame; A water-absorbing and expanding resin layer, which covers the steel brush grease waterproofing layer on the side away from the opening frame; A cement-soil layer, which covers the side of the water-absorbing and expanding resin layer away from the steel brush grease waterproofing layer.

2. The high-efficiency water-stopping structure for tunnel portals in pipe jacking construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water-absorbing and swelling resin layer includes: A corrugated steel plate, which is ring-shaped and covers the steel brush grease waterproofing layer on the side away from the opening frame, with each adjacent corrugation forming a stretchable elastic cavity. A water-absorbing resin is used to fill the elastic cavity of the corrugated steel plate.

3. The high-efficiency water-stopping structure for tunnel portals in pipe jacking construction according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fold angle between adjacent folds of the folded steel plate is 30°-60°.

4. The high-efficiency water-stopping structure for tunnel portals in pipe jacking construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The portal frame is constructed of cement mortar and bricks.

5. The high-efficiency water-stopping structure for tunnel portals in pipe jacking construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner side of the portal frame is provided with a wear-resistant reinforcement layer.

6. The high-efficiency water-stopping structure for tunnel portals in pipe jacking construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A humidity sensor is installed inside the portal frame and is connected to an external data terminal signal.

7. The high-efficiency water-stopping structure for tunnel portals in pipe jacking construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A pressure sensor is installed inside the portal frame and is connected to an external data terminal signal.

8. The high-efficiency water-stopping structure for tunnel portals in pipe jacking construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cement-soil layer is provided with a grouting channel, and the cement-soil layer is provided with a grouting hole at one end face near the outside of the tunnel. The grouting hole is connected to the grouting channel.

9. The high-efficiency water-stopping structure for tunnel portals in pipe jacking construction according to claim 8, characterized in that, Also includes: A one-way valve connector is provided at the grouting hole to enable one-way grouting.

10. The high-efficiency water-stopping structure for tunnel portals in pipe jacking construction according to claim 5, characterized in that, The wear-resistant reinforcing layer has multiple evenly spaced grooves along its inner circumferential direction, and each groove is distributed along the axial direction of the portal frame.

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