Centrifugal temperature-controlled high-frequency intermittent jet particle device

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of solid rocket engine experiment, and particularly relates to a centrifugal temperature control high-frequency intermittent particle injection device, which comprises a frame and a horizontally arranged cavity, and the cavity is rotationally connected to the frame; the inner wall of the cavity is coated with a protective material, and the cavity is sleeved with a conical tube, and the outer wall of the conical tube is axially wound with a magnetic induction heating coil; the front end of the cavity is provided with a notched staggered injection head, and the notched staggered injection head is in communication with the inside of the conical tube; the rear end of the conical tube is provided with an air compressor, and the air outlet of the air compressor is in communication with the inside of the conical tube through a gas guide pipe; the problems of particle easy agglomeration, uneven injection, uncontrollable temperature, large heat exchange interference with the main stream gas and difficulty in realizing high-frequency precise intermittent injection in the existing particle injection technology are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of solid rocket engine experimental technology, specifically to a centrifugal temperature-controlled high-frequency intermittent particle ejection device. Background Technology

[0002] In solid rocket motor performance evaluation, nozzle ablation research, and high-temperature flow field diagnostic experiments, it is often necessary to inject tracer or reactive particles (such as aluminum oxide) of specific materials and particle sizes into the combustion gas flow. By observing the particle's trajectory, reaction characteristics, and distribution, key experimental data such as engine performance, flow field parameters, and material ablation patterns can be accurately obtained, providing support for technology optimization and performance improvement.

[0003] Existing particle injection technologies mostly employ direct delivery or carrier gas-carrying methods. Direct delivery is structurally simple, but particles tend to agglomerate and accumulate within the delivery channel, leading to uneven injection volume. Furthermore, the significant temperature difference between the particles and the gas flow results in intense heat exchange with the mainstream gas after injection, interfering with flow field stability and affecting the accuracy of experimental data. While carrier gas-carrying methods can alleviate particle agglomeration to some extent, the introduction of carrier gas alters the composition, pressure, and velocity of the mainstream gas, interfering with experimental conditions. Moreover, it is difficult to achieve high-frequency, precise, intermittent injection, failing to meet the experimental requirements for dynamically capturing changes in the flow field.

[0004] In summary, existing particle injection technologies generally suffer from problems such as particle agglomeration, uneven injection, uncontrollable temperature, significant interference with mainstream heat exchange, and difficulty in achieving high-frequency, precise, and intermittent injection. These problems seriously affect the accuracy and reliability of experimental data and restrict the in-depth development of experimental research on solid rocket engines and high-temperature flow fields. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the problems of easy particle agglomeration, uneven injection, uncontrollable temperature, large interference with heat exchange with mainstream gas, and difficulty in achieving high-frequency and precise intermittent injection in existing particle injection technologies, this invention provides a centrifugal temperature-controlled high-frequency intermittent injection particle device.

[0006] This invention is achieved using the following technical solution: A centrifugal temperature-controlled high-frequency intermittent jet particle device includes a frame and a horizontally arranged cavity, the cavity being rotatably connected to the frame; The inner wall of the cavity is covered with protective material, and a tapered tube is fitted inside the cavity. A magnetic induction heating coil is wound around the outer wall of the tapered tube along the axial direction. The front end of the cavity is equipped with a notched staggered spray head, and the notched staggered spray head is connected to the interior of the tapered tube; An air compressor is installed at the rear end of the conical tube, and the air outlet of the air compressor is connected to the interior of the conical tube through an air guide pipe.

[0007] Furthermore, the cavity is cylindrical and is rotatably connected to the frame via a bearing seat; a servo motor is mounted on the frame and is connected to the cavity via a transmission mechanism; the transmission mechanism includes a driving gear, a driven gear, and a synchronous toothed belt, the driving gear is mounted on the output shaft of the servo motor, the driven gear is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the cavity, and the synchronous toothed belt connects the driving gear and the driven gear.

[0008] Furthermore, the notch-interlaced spray head includes a stationary spray head and a rotating spray plate; The stationary spray head is fixed to the frame, and N first spray holes are evenly opened on the stationary spray head along the circumference, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 3; The rotating spray plate is fixed to the front end of the cavity and is rotatably connected to the inside of the stationary spray head. The rotating spray plate is uniformly provided with N second spray holes along the circumference, corresponding to the number of N first spray holes.

[0009] Furthermore, the first nozzle is fan-shaped; the second nozzle is circular.

[0010] Furthermore, the extreme operating temperature of the protective material is not lower than 1800℃, the long-term operating temperature is not lower than 1750℃, and the breakdown voltage is not lower than 20kV / mm; the protective material is hexagonal boron nitride ceramic or high-entropy porous boride ceramic.

[0011] Furthermore, the tapered tube is made of a high-temperature resistant insulating material, the extreme operating temperature of which is not lower than 1850℃ and the long-term operating temperature is not lower than 1750℃; the front diameter of the tapered tube is smaller than the rear diameter.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a temperature sensor, a temperature controller, and a high-frequency excitation power supply; The high-frequency excitation power supply is mounted on the frame and electrically connected to the magnetic induction heating coil; The temperature sensor is disposed on the inner wall of the cavity and the outer wall of the tapered tube, and the temperature controller is electrically connected to the temperature sensor and the high-frequency excitation power supply respectively.

[0013] Furthermore, the temperature sensor is a multi-point distributed K-type armored thermocouple; the temperature controller is an intelligent PID ultra-high temperature temperature controller; the temperature control range of the magnetic induction heating coil is 20℃~1800℃, and the magnetic induction intensity generated by the magnetic induction heating coil is adjustable from 0.1T to 1.5T.

[0014] Furthermore, the air compressor is a pulse air compressor, whose air inlet is used to connect to an inert gas source, the pressure adjustment range is 0.1MPa~1.0MPa, and the high-frequency switching frequency range is 10Hz~100Hz.

[0015] Furthermore, the outer wall of the cavity is provided with a sealing door and an observation window.

[0016] This invention provides a centrifugal temperature-controlled high-frequency intermittent jet particle device, which has the following advantages compared with the prior art: 1. This invention forms a fully closed-loop temperature control system by combining a magnetic induction heating coil with a multi-point distributed temperature sensor and an intelligent PID temperature controller. The temperature control range is 20℃~1800℃, and the temperature control accuracy can reach ±5℃. It can stably maintain ultra-high temperature conditions above 2000K, effectively solving the problem of uncontrollable particle temperature in the prior art. It avoids the softening, agglomeration, and sintering of particles due to abnormal temperature, ensuring that particles are injected into the gas flow in a stable physical state, greatly reducing the temperature difference between particles and mainstream gas, thereby reducing heat exchange interference and ensuring flow field stability.

[0017] 2. This invention fixes the conical tube to the cavity and rotates it as a whole, using centrifugal force to fully disperse the particles radially at the spray front, reducing particle agglomeration at the source; at the same time, the front diameter of the conical tube is smaller than the rear diameter, and the component of centrifugal force during rotation pushes the particles in the non-spray period toward the rear of the tube, effectively preventing particles from accumulating and sintering at the outlet end, ensuring that the particles sprayed each time are in a uniformly dispersed state, and significantly improving the spray uniformity.

[0018] 3. The magnetic induction heating coil of the present invention has dual functions of heating and temperature control and magnetic induction constraint. On the one hand, it achieves ultra-high temperature precision control through electromagnetic induction heating. On the other hand, the magnetic field formed after being energized can constrain and regulate the movement trajectory of particles in the tube, reduce the probability of collision between particles, further suppress agglomeration, and improve the uniformity of particle dispersion and spray accuracy.

[0019] 4. This invention employs a pulse-type air compressor, whose inlet is connected to an inert gas source. The introduced inert gas not only forms a stable pressure to serve as an auxiliary power source for particle ejection, ensuring effective particle ejection, but also creates an oxygen-free atmosphere to prevent high-temperature particle oxidation. At the same time, the air compressor has adjustable pressure, pulse control, and high-frequency on / off functions. Combined with the mechanical on / off control of the notched staggered injection head, the dual mechanisms work together to achieve high-frequency precise intermittent injection of 10Hz to 100Hz. The injection frequency and duty cycle can be flexibly controlled to meet the experimental requirements for dynamically capturing changes in the flow field.

[0020] 5. The notched staggered spray head of the present invention adopts a structure that combines a rotating spray plate and a stationary spray head. By periodically aligning and staggering the circular spray holes on the rotating spray plate and the fan-shaped spray holes on the stationary spray head, the high-frequency switching of the spray channel is achieved. Combined with a fixed fan-shaped partition shielding structure, the spray range is regular and the spray point distribution is uniform. Combined with the centrifugal force and airflow pushing effect, the particle dispersion uniformity is significantly improved.

[0021] 6. The overall structure of this invention is a sealed type. The cavity and the internal conical tube are rigidly fixed and rotate synchronously and coaxially. There is no relative movement inside the whole machine. The cavity is completely sealed without sliding gaps. There is no air leakage or heat loss at ultra-high temperature of 2000K, and the temperature control accuracy is stable. The inner wall of the cavity is lined with ultra-high temperature protective material, which can effectively isolate the influence of high temperature, magnetic induction and particle spray on the external environment and operators, making the operation safe and reliable. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a planar schematic diagram of the notched staggered spray head in this invention.

[0025] In the diagram: 1. Cavity; 2. Conical tube; 3. Magnetic induction heating coil; 4. Interlaced nozzle; 5. Air compressor; 6. Air guide pipe; 7. Bearing housing; 8. Stationary nozzle; 9. Rotating spray plate; 10. Frame; 11. Servo motor; 12. Drive gear; 13. Driven gear; 14. Synchronous toothed belt. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] A centrifugal, temperature-controlled, high-frequency, intermittently ejected particle device, such as Figures 1-3 As shown, it includes a frame 10 and a horizontally arranged cavity 1, with the cavity 1 rotatably connected to the frame 10.

[0028] The cavity 1 is a sealed cylindrical cavity made of stainless steel to ensure structural strength and sealing. The inner wall of cavity 1 is lined with protective material to isolate the ultra-high temperature heat source inside, reducing heat loss, and simultaneously isolating the strong magnetic environment to protect the external structure and electrical components of the equipment. A conical tube 2 is fitted inside cavity 1, fixedly connected to cavity 1, and the two rotate synchronously. The interior of the conical tube 2 serves as a particle containment and movement channel, carrying the high-temperature particles to be ejected. A magnetic induction heating coil 3 is tightly wound axially around the outer wall of the conical tube 2. When energized, the magnetic induction heating coil 3 generates a magnetic field that heats the conical tube 2. The magnetic field constrains and regulates the movement of particles within the conical tube 2, reducing particle collisions and agglomeration; the heating function precisely controls the temperature inside cavity 1 and the conical tube 2, maintaining the stability of the particle's physical state under high-temperature conditions.

[0029] The front end of the cavity 1 is equipped with a notched staggered jet head 4, and the notched staggered jet head 4 is connected to the interior of the conical tube 2. The notched staggered jet head 4 is used to realize the high-frequency intermittent jetting of particles. Through the periodic on-off cooperation of the rotating spray plate 9 and the stationary jet head 8, the particles are uniformly ejected under the combined action of air pressure and centrifugal force inside the cavity 1.

[0030] An air compressor 5 is installed at the rear end of the conical tube 2, and the air outlet of the air compressor 5 is connected to the interior of the conical tube 2 through an air guide pipe 6. The air compressor 5 is used to introduce compressed gas into the cavity 1 to form a stable pressure as an auxiliary power for particle injection, and at the same time outputs a high-frequency intermittent airflow to drive the particles in the conical tube 2 to move, which, together with the notched staggered injection head 4, realizes high-frequency intermittent injection.

[0031] The cavity 1 is cylindrical and rotatably connected to the frame 10 via bearing seats 7. Two bearing seats 7 are respectively fitted onto the front and rear outer walls of the cavity 1. The outer ring of the bearing seat 7 is fixed to the frame 10, and the inner ring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the cavity 1, providing rotational support for the cavity 1. A servo motor 11 is mounted on the frame 10 and connected to the cavity 1 via a transmission mechanism. The transmission mechanism includes a driving gear 12, a driven gear 13, and a synchronous toothed belt 14. The driving gear 12 is mounted on the output shaft of the servo motor 11, the driven gear 13 is fixedly fitted onto the outer wall of the cavity 1, and the synchronous toothed belt 14 connects the driving gear 12 and the driven gear 13. When the servo motor 11 is running, it drives the cavity 1 and the internal tapered tube 2 to rotate synchronously and coaxially around their horizontal axis via the driving gear 12, synchronous toothed belt 14, and driven gear 13. There is no relative movement within the entire machine, thus ensuring that the sealed structure of the cavity 1 is not damaged and the ultra-high temperature control environment remains stable. By adjusting the speed of the servo motor 11, the rotation speed of the entire machine can be precisely controlled, thereby changing the on / off frequency of the injection nozzle.

[0032] The interlaced nozzle 4 includes a stationary nozzle 8 and a rotating nozzle plate 9. The stationary nozzle 8 is fixed to the frame 10, and N first nozzles are evenly distributed along the circumference of the stationary nozzle 8, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 3. The rotating nozzle plate 9 is fixed to the front end of the cavity 1 and is rotatably connected to the inside of the stationary nozzle 8. N second nozzles, corresponding to the number of N first nozzles, are evenly distributed along the circumference of the rotating nozzle plate 9. The first nozzles are fan-shaped, and the second nozzles are circular. When the rotating nozzle plate 9 rotates with the cavity 1, the circular second nozzles on it periodically align or stagger with the fan-shaped first nozzles on the stationary nozzle 8: when aligned, a particle ejection channel is formed, and particles are ejected smoothly; when staggered, the channel is closed, and ejection stops. By adjusting the rotation speed of the cavity 1, the frequency of nozzle alignment and staggering can be adjusted, thereby achieving high-frequency intermittent ejection of particles. The stationary spray head 8 has a fixed fan-shaped partition structure. The disc surface adopts a layout of fan-shaped hollow material passage area and fan-shaped solid shielding area. The structure is regular in shape, the partition boundaries are clear, and the angle is fixed and constant.

[0033] The protective material has a maximum operating temperature of not less than 1800℃, a long-term operating temperature of not less than 1750℃, and a breakdown voltage of not less than 20kV / mm. The protective material is suitable for ultra-high temperature conditions above 2000K inside cavity 1. Under ultra-high temperature environments, its insulation, heat insulation, and thermal insulation performance show no degradation or thermal failure. It can effectively isolate the 2000K-level ultra-high temperature and strong magnetic field environment inside cavity 1, maintain the stability of the ultra-high temperature environment inside cavity 1, greatly reduce the loss of high-temperature heat, and protect the external environment of cavity 1 and operators from the effects of ultra-high temperature, strong magnetic field, and high-temperature particle spray, avoiding interference from the external environment on the operation of the device. The protective material is hexagonal boron nitride ceramic or high-entropy porous boride ceramic.

[0034] The conical tube 2 is made of high-temperature resistant insulating material with an extreme operating temperature of not less than 1850℃ and a long-term operating temperature of not less than 1750℃. Under ultra-high temperature and strong magnetic field conditions (2000K), the conical tube 2 maintains constant insulation performance, structural strength, and dimensional stability, exhibiting no deformation, softening, or leakage. The diameter of the front end of the conical tube 2 is smaller than that of the rear end, meaning the diameter gradually decreases from the rear end to the front end. When the cavity 1 rotates, its conical structure utilizes centrifugal force to push particles during non-spraying periods towards the rear end of the conical tube 2, preventing particle accumulation at the outlet end and avoiding sintering and agglomeration of high-temperature particles at the outlet. Simultaneously, the rotation of the conical tube 2 generates centrifugal force, ensuring that particles are fully dispersed radially at the spray front, reducing particle agglomeration at the source and ensuring that the sprayed particles are single particles or small-sized dispersed particles, thus improving spray uniformity.

[0035] This device also includes a temperature sensor, a temperature controller, and a high-frequency excitation power supply. The high-frequency excitation power supply is mounted on the frame 10 and electrically connected to the magnetic induction heating coil 3. The temperature sensor is located between the inner wall of the cavity 1 and the outer wall of the conical tube 2. The temperature controller is electrically connected to both the temperature sensor and the high-frequency excitation power supply. The temperature sensor is a multi-point distributed K-type armored thermocouple, which collects ultra-high temperature data of the cavity 1 and the conical tube 2 in real time from multiple points. The temperature controller is an intelligent PID ultra-high temperature controller, integrated into the external operation panel, which serves as the control core, receiving temperature signals, performing calculations and comparisons, and outputting power regulation commands. The output end of the high-frequency excitation power supply is directly electrically connected to both ends of the magnetic induction heating coil 3 through a high-temperature and high-voltage insulated cable, providing a high-frequency alternating excitation current to the magnetic induction heating coil 3. After the magnetic induction heating coil 3 is energized, it generates an alternating magnetic field, which heats the conical tube 2 and the medium inside the tube uniformly throughout the entire area based on the principle of electromagnetic induction heating. The temperature control range of the magnetic induction heating coil 3 is 20℃~1800℃, which can stably maintain high-temperature spraying conditions above 2000K with a temperature control accuracy of ±5℃. The magnetic field strength generated by the magnetic induction heating coil 3 is adjustable from 0.1T to 1.5T, which can be adjusted according to particle characteristics and process requirements. It is used to constrain and regulate the movement state of particles in the conical tube 2, reduce particle collisions and agglomeration, and improve particle dispersion uniformity.

[0036] The air compressor 5 is a pulse-type air compressor, whose inlet is used to connect to an inert gas source (such as nitrogen or argon) to introduce inert gas into the sealed cavity 1. The air compressor 5 has adjustable pressure, pulse control, and high-frequency on / off functions. The pressure adjustment range is 0.1 MPa to 1.0 MPa, and the high-frequency on / off frequency range is 10 Hz to 100 Hz. After the inert gas is introduced, a stable pressure is formed within the cavity 1. This pressure serves as an auxiliary force for particle ejection, ensuring that particles can be effectively forced out of the outlet of the conical tube 2. Simultaneously, the inert gas fills the entire cavity 1, creating an oxygen-free atmosphere and preventing the high-temperature particles from being oxidized. The air compressor 5 is connected to the interior of the conical tube 2 via the air guide pipe 6, outputting a high-frequency intermittent airflow to drive the particles within the conical tube 2 to achieve high-frequency intermittent ejection. The high-frequency intermittent airflow, combined with the conical structure of the conical tube 2, further prevents particle accumulation at the outlet during non-ejection periods, ensuring that the ejected particles are uniformly dispersed each time.

[0037] The outer wall of the cavity 1 is equipped with a sealing door and an observation window. The sealing door is located on the rear side wall of the cavity 1 and is a vertically opening side door, specifically at the connection between the rear side wall of the cavity 1 and the air guide pipe 6, corresponding to the feeding area at the rear end of the conical tube 2. The sealing door uses a high-temperature resistant flexible graphite sealing gasket to achieve ultra-high temperature airtightness, which can withstand temperatures above 1600℃ without high-temperature aging and leakage problems. After opening the door, it can be directly aligned with the rear end of the conical tube 2 for convenient high-temperature particle loading, and also facilitates equipment maintenance and repair. The observation window is located on the front side of the cavity 1, corresponding to the middle position of the conical tube 2, and is made of high-temperature resistant quartz material. It is used to observe the movement and spraying status of high-temperature particles in the cavity 1 in real time, ensuring stable and controllable operation of the system under ultra-high temperature conditions.

[0038] The working process of this device is as follows: S1: Open the sealed door of cavity 1, add solid particles of selected size and material into the conical tube 2, and close the sealed door; set the target temperature inside cavity 1 through the temperature controller, start the magnetic induction heating coil 3, and the temperature sensor detects the temperature inside cavity 1 in real time and feeds it back to the temperature controller to realize closed-loop temperature control until the temperature inside cavity 1 reaches the target value and stabilizes.

[0039] S2: Start the servo motor 11 to drive the cavity 1 and the conical tube 2 to rotate around their horizontal axis at a set speed. The particles inside the tube are evenly dispersed radially under the action of centrifugal force. At the same time, the particles in the non-jet period are pushed towards the rear end of the conical tube 2 by the centrifugal force component to prevent the particles from accumulating at the outlet end. At the same time, adjust the current of the magnetic induction heating coil 3 to make the magnetic induction intensity reach the preset value, so as to constrain and regulate the motion state of the particles inside the tube.

[0040] S3: Start the air compressor 5, set the pressure, injection frequency and duty cycle. The air compressor 5 introduces inert gas and outputs high-frequency intermittent airflow, which enters the conical tube 2 through the air guide tube 6. This propels the dispersed particles in the tube towards the notched staggered injection head 4. In conjunction with the periodic alignment and staggering of the nozzles of the rotating spray plate 9 and the stationary injection head 8, high-frequency intermittent injection of particles is achieved, forming a uniform injection area.

[0041] S4: After the spraying is completed, turn off the air compressor 5, magnetic induction heating coil 3 and servo motor 11 in sequence. After the internal temperature of cavity 1 drops to room temperature, open the sealing door, clean the cone tube 2 and residual particles inside cavity 1, and complete the entire spraying process.

[0042] The present invention will be further explained and illustrated below with reference to embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example 1

[0043] like Figures 1-3 As shown, a centrifugal temperature-controlled high-frequency intermittent jet particle device includes a frame 10 and a horizontally arranged cavity 1, the cavity 1 being rotatably connected to the frame 10.

[0044] Cavity 1 is a sealed cylindrical cavity made of stainless steel to ensure structural strength and sealing. The inner wall of cavity 1 is lined with a protective material of hexagonal boron nitride ceramic, which has an extreme operating temperature of not less than 1800℃, a long-term operating temperature of not less than 1750℃, and a breakdown voltage of not less than 20kV / mm. It is suitable for ultra-high temperature conditions above 2000K inside cavity 1 and has excellent ultra-high temperature insulation, heat preservation, and high voltage insulation performance. It can effectively isolate the internal ultra-high temperature heat source, reduce heat loss, and isolate the strong magnetic environment, protecting the external structure and electrical components of the equipment. A vertical side-opening sealing door is set on the rear side wall of cavity 1, specifically located at the connection between the rear side wall of cavity 1 and the air guide pipe 6, corresponding to the feeding area at the rear end of the conical tube 2. The sealing door uses a high-temperature resistant flexible graphite sealing gasket to achieve ultra-high temperature sealing, which can withstand temperatures above 1600℃ without high-temperature aging and leakage problems. After opening the door, it can be directly aligned with the rear end of the conical tube 2 for convenient high-temperature particle filling. A high-temperature resistant quartz observation window is provided on the front side of cavity 1, corresponding to the middle position of conical tube 2, for real-time observation of the movement and ejection of high-temperature particles inside cavity 1.

[0045] A tapered tube 2 is fitted inside the cavity 1, and the tapered tube 2 is fixedly connected to the cavity 1, with both rotating synchronously. The tapered tube 2 is made of high-purity fused silica, with an extreme operating temperature of not less than 1850℃, a long-term operating temperature of not less than 1750℃, and a volume resistivity ≥10. 13 With a strength of Ω·cm, it can withstand long-term stable operation under combined conditions of ultra-high temperature and strong magnetic field above 2000K inside the tube, exhibiting excellent high-temperature insulation and structural stability. The front diameter of the tapered tube 2 is smaller than that of the rear diameter. In this embodiment, the rear inner diameter of the tapered tube 2 is 60mm, the front inner diameter is 50mm, and the length is 800mm. Its tapered structure, when the cavity 1 rotates, can utilize the component of centrifugal force to push particles during non-ejection periods towards the rear end of the tapered tube 2, effectively preventing high-temperature particles from accumulating and sintering at the outlet end. The interior of the tapered tube 2 serves as a particle containment and movement channel, used to carry the high-temperature particles to be ejected.

[0046] A magnetic induction heating coil 3 is tightly wound axially around the outer wall of the tapered tube 2. The magnetic induction heating coil 3 is made of high-temperature resistant copper core insulated wire, with 500 turns, suitable for ultra-high temperature and high-frequency magnetic induction heating conditions up to 2000K. The device also includes a temperature sensor, a temperature controller, and a high-frequency excitation power supply. The temperature sensor is a multi-point distributed K-type armored thermocouple (WRNK-191, upper temperature limit 1800℃), distributed in the upper, middle, and lower regions inside the cavity 1 and on the outer wall of the tapered tube 2, collecting ultra-high temperature data from both the cavity 1 and the inside of the tapered tube 2 in real time. The temperature controller is an intelligent PID ultra-high temperature temperature controller (XMTD-8000), integrated into the external operation panel. The high-frequency excitation power supply is a high-frequency induction heating power supply (GP-10kW), fixedly installed on the lower part of the frame 10 outside the cavity 1. Its output terminal is directly electrically connected to both ends of the magnetic induction heating coil 3 via a high-temperature resistant high-voltage insulated cable, providing high-frequency alternating excitation current to the magnetic induction heating coil 3. The temperature controller is electrically connected to the temperature sensor and the high-frequency excitation power supply, forming a fully closed-loop temperature control circuit. This enables precise closed-loop control of ultra-high temperatures (2000K) inside the cavity 1 and the conical tube 2, with a temperature control accuracy of ±5℃. When the magnetic induction heating coil 3 is energized, it generates an alternating magnetic field to form a stable and adjustable magnetic field region. The magnetic field strength can be adjusted from 0.1T to 1.5T, which is used to constrain and regulate the movement of high-temperature particles inside the conical tube 2, reducing collisions, agglomeration, sintering, and adhesion. Simultaneously, it uses the electromagnetic induction heating principle to uniformly heat the conical tube 2, with a temperature control range of 20℃ to 1800℃, stably maintaining ultra-high temperature spraying conditions above 2000K.

[0047] A notched staggered spray head 4 is installed at the front end of the cavity 1, and the notched staggered spray head 4 is connected to the interior of the conical tube 2. The notched staggered spray head 4 includes a stationary spray head 8 and a rotating spray plate 9. The stationary spray head 8 is fixed to the frame 10 and is made of silicon carbide high-temperature resistant ceramic material. It has 8 circular first spray holes evenly opened along its circumference. The rotating spray plate 9 is fixed to the front end of the cavity 1 and is rotatably connected to the interior of the stationary spray head 8. It has 8 fan-shaped second spray holes evenly opened along its circumference. The surface of the rotating spray plate 9 has a ring-shaped matrix of evenly arranged standard circular spray holes. All spray holes have the same diameter, are neatly arranged, and are evenly distributed. The stationary spray head 8 has a fixed fan-shaped partition structure. The plate surface adopts a layout of a large fan-shaped hollow material passage area in the middle and symmetrical fan-shaped solid shielding areas on the left and right sides. As the rotating spray plate 9 rotates with the cavity 1, the regular circular spray holes on the plate surface continuously and cyclically sweep across the two functional zones of the stationary spray head 8 below: when the trajectory of the circular spray hole coincides with the central fan-shaped hollow material passage area, the spray hole is completely unobstructed and fully connected, and under the combined action of air pressure and centrifugal force within the cavity, high-temperature particles are evenly sprayed out; when the circular spray hole rotates into the coverage area of ​​the fan-shaped solid obstruction areas on the left and right sides, all spray holes are sealed and blocked by the high-temperature resistant solid plate surface, and particle spraying is momentarily interrupted. By adjusting the rotation speed of the entire machine, the spray on / off frequency can be precisely switched to achieve stable high-frequency intermittent spraying from 10Hz to 100Hz.

[0048] An air compressor 5 is installed at the rear end of the conical tube 2, and the outlet of the air compressor 5 is connected to the interior of the conical tube 2 via a guide pipe 6. The air compressor 5 is a pulse-type air compressor, and its inlet is connected to an inert gas source (such as nitrogen or argon) through a pipeline to introduce inert gas into the sealed cavity 1. The air compressor 5 has adjustable pressure, pulse control, and high-frequency on / off functions. The pressure adjustment range is 0.1MPa to 1.0MPa, and the high-frequency on / off frequency range is 10Hz to 100Hz. After the inert gas is introduced, a stable pressure is formed in the cavity 1. This pressure serves as an auxiliary force for particle ejection, ensuring that the particles can be effectively forced out of the outlet of the conical tube 2. At the same time, the inert gas fills the entire cavity 1, forming an oxygen-free atmosphere to prevent the high-temperature particles from being oxidized. The air compressor 5 is connected to the inside of the conical tube 2 through the air guide pipe 6, and can output high-frequency intermittent airflow to drive the particles in the conical tube 2 to achieve high-frequency intermittent injection. In conjunction with the conical structure of the conical tube 2, it avoids the accumulation of particles at the outlet end during non-injection periods.

[0049] The cavity 1 is rotatably connected to the frame 10 via bearing seats 7. Bearing seats 7 are located at the front and rear ends of the cavity 1, respectively fitted onto the outer wall of the cavity 1. The outer ring of the bearing seat 7 is fixed to the frame 10, and the inner ring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the cavity 1, providing rotational support for the cavity 1. A servo motor 11 with a power of 1.5kW is mounted on the frame 10, side-mounted on the upper part of the frame 10, without occupying the high-temperature sealed space of the cavity 1. The output shaft of the servo motor 11 is equipped with a drive gear 12, and a driven gear 13 is fixedly fitted onto the outer wall of the cavity 1. The drive gear 12 and the driven gear 13 are meshed and driven by a synchronous toothed belt 14, forming a stable transmission pair. A detachable high-temperature resistant heat-insulating protective cover is fitted to the outside of the synchronous toothed belt 14 to isolate the cavity 1 from ultra-high temperature heat radiation, preventing belt aging and transmission failure due to high temperature. When the servo motor 11 is running, it drives the cavity 1 and the internal tapered tube 2 to rotate synchronously and coaxially around their own horizontal axis through the driving gear 12, the synchronous toothed belt 14, and the driven gear 13. The rotation speed ranges from 500 r / min to 3000 r / min. This overall rotating structure, together with the bottom external stationary spray head 8, enables stable high-frequency intermittent spraying under sealed ultra-high temperature conditions.

[0050] The working process of this embodiment is as follows: Preparation stage: Open the sealed door of cavity 1, add the particles to be sprayed into the conical tube 2, and close the sealed door; set the target temperature inside cavity 1 through the temperature controller, start the magnetic induction heating coil 3, and the temperature sensor detects the temperature inside cavity 1 in real time and feeds it back to the temperature controller to realize closed-loop temperature control until the temperature inside cavity 1 reaches the target value and stabilizes.

[0051] Pre-processing stage: Start the servo motor 11 to drive the cavity 1 and the conical tube 2 to rotate around their horizontal axis at a set speed. The particles in the tube are evenly dispersed radially under the action of centrifugal force. At the same time, the particles in the non-jet period are pushed towards the rear end of the conical tube 2 by the centrifugal force component to prevent the particles from accumulating at the outlet end. At the same time, adjust the current of the magnetic induction heating coil 3 to make the magnetic induction intensity reach the preset value, so as to constrain and regulate the motion state of the particles in the tube.

[0052] Injection stage: Start the air compressor 5, set the pressure, injection frequency and duty cycle. The air compressor 5 introduces inert gas and outputs high-frequency intermittent airflow, which enters the conical tube 2 through the air guide tube 6. This propels the dispersed particles in the tube towards the notched staggered injection head 4. In conjunction with the periodic alignment and staggering of the nozzles of the rotating spray plate 9 and the stationary injection head 8, high-frequency intermittent injection of particles is achieved, forming a uniform injection area.

[0053] Final stage: After spraying is completed, turn off the air compressor 5, magnetic induction heating coil 3, and servo motor 11 in sequence. After the internal temperature of cavity 1 drops to room temperature, open the sealing door, clean the conical tube 2 and residual particles inside cavity 1, and complete the entire spraying process. Example 2

[0054] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that: The protective material is made of high-entropy porous boride ceramic, with an extreme operating temperature of over 1900℃, suitable for higher-level 2000K+ ultra-high temperature conditions, with a breakdown voltage ≥22kV / mm, and superior ultra-high temperature insulation and heat insulation performance.

[0055] The tapered tube 2 is made of zirconia ceramic material, with an extreme operating temperature of up to 2700℃. It has stronger ultra-high temperature structural stability and better resistance to high temperature sintering and thermal deformation.

[0056] In the heating and temperature control system, the high-frequency excitation power supply is selected as the GP-15kW model, the temperature controller is upgraded to the high-precision XMTD-9000 ultra-high temperature special model, the temperature control range of the magnetic induction heating coil 3 is 20℃~1900℃, which can stably maintain extreme high temperature conditions above 2100K, and the magnetic induction intensity adjustment range is 0.5T~2.0T, which is suitable for the processing needs of large particles and high melting point high temperature particles.

[0057] The high-frequency switching frequency range of the air compressor 5 is 50Hz~200Hz, which can achieve intermittent injection at higher frequencies to meet more precise process requirements; the inert gas source connected to its air inlet can be switched to different inert gases such as nitrogen and argon according to process requirements to adapt to the anti-oxidation requirements of different particles.

[0058] The inner diameter of the rear end of the tapered tube 2 is 70mm, and the inner diameter of the front end is 50mm. The tapering is larger, resulting in a better effect in preventing particle accumulation.

[0059] The remaining structure and working process are the same as in Example 1.

[0060] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the indicated orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0061] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A centrifugal temperature-controlled high-frequency intermittent jet particle device, characterized in that, It includes a frame (10) and a horizontally arranged cavity (1), the cavity (1) being rotatably connected to the frame (10); The inner wall of the cavity (1) is covered with protective material, and a tapered tube (2) is sleeved inside the cavity (1). A magnetic induction heating coil (3) is wound around the outer wall of the tapered tube (2) along the axial direction. The cavity (1) is equipped with a notched staggered spray head (4) at the front end, and the notched staggered spray head (4) is connected to the interior of the tapered tube (2); An air compressor (5) is installed at the rear end of the conical tube (2), and the air outlet of the air compressor (5) is connected to the interior of the conical tube (2) through an air guide pipe (6).

2. The centrifugal temperature-controlled high-frequency intermittent jet particle device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cavity (1) is cylindrical and is rotatably connected to the frame (10) via a bearing seat (7). A servo motor (11) is installed on the frame (10) and is connected to the cavity (1) via a transmission mechanism. The transmission mechanism includes a drive gear (12), a driven gear (13), and a synchronous toothed belt (14). The drive gear (12) is mounted on the output shaft of the servo motor (11), the driven gear (13) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the cavity (1), and the synchronous toothed belt (14) connects the drive gear (12) and the driven gear (13).

3. The centrifugal temperature-controlled high-frequency intermittent jet particle device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The notched staggered spray head (4) includes a stationary spray head (8) and a rotating spray plate (9); The stationary spray head (8) is fixed to the frame (10), and N first spray holes are uniformly opened along the circumference of the stationary spray head (8), where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 3; The rotating spray plate (9) is fixed to the front end of the cavity (1) and is rotatably connected to the inside of the stationary spray head (8). N second spray holes, corresponding to the number of N first spray holes, are evenly opened along the circumference of the rotating spray plate (9).

4. The centrifugal temperature-controlled high-frequency intermittent jet particle device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first nozzle is fan-shaped; the second nozzle is circular.

5. The centrifugal temperature-controlled high-frequency intermittent jet particle device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protective material has an extreme operating temperature of not less than 1800℃, a long-term operating temperature of not less than 1750℃, and a breakdown voltage of not less than 20kV / mm; the protective material is hexagonal boron nitride ceramic or high-entropy porous boride ceramic.

6. The centrifugal temperature-controlled high-frequency intermittent jet particle device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tapered tube (2) is made of high-temperature resistant insulating material. The maximum operating temperature of the high-temperature resistant insulating material is not less than 1850℃, and the long-term operating temperature is not less than 1750℃. The front diameter of the tapered tube (2) is smaller than the rear diameter.

7. The centrifugal temperature-controlled high-frequency intermittent jet particle device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes temperature sensors, temperature controllers, and high-frequency excitation power supplies; The high-frequency excitation power supply is mounted on the frame (10) and electrically connected to the magnetic induction heating coil (3); The temperature sensor is located on the inner wall of the cavity (1) and the outer wall of the tapered tube (2), and the temperature controller is electrically connected to the temperature sensor and the high-frequency excitation power supply respectively.

8. The centrifugal temperature-controlled high-frequency intermittent jet particle device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The temperature sensor is a multi-point distributed K-type armored thermocouple; the temperature controller is an intelligent PID ultra-high temperature temperature controller; the temperature control range of the magnetic induction heating coil (3) is 20℃~1800℃, and the magnetic induction intensity generated by the magnetic induction heating coil (3) is adjustable from 0.1T to 1.5T.

9. The centrifugal temperature-controlled high-frequency intermittent jet particle device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air compressor (5) is a pulse air compressor, whose air inlet is used to connect to an inert gas source, and the pressure adjustment range is 0.1MPa~1.0MPa, and the high frequency switching range is 10Hz~100Hz.

10. A centrifugal temperature-controlled high-frequency intermittent jet particle device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer wall of the cavity (1) is provided with a sealing door and an observation window.

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