Composite edge bridge coupling

Abstract

The application discloses a composite side-bridge coupling, belonging to the technical field of coupling transmission, containing two hubs and a tire elastic body assembly arranged between the two hubs; the assembly comprises a rubber elastic body and two sets of annular metal skeletons vulcanized on two ends of the rubber elastic body respectively; the outer ring of the metal skeleton is provided with a whole-circle self-locking annular groove in the circumferential direction, the radial cross section of the groove body is wide inside and narrow outside, and two self-locking inclined surfaces are symmetrically formed inside. The self-locking inclined surfaces are used for occluding the rubber to realize radial self-locking, the limiting recesses are used for preventing circumferential slip, the locking holes are used for locking the end expansion lock head to limit axial movement, and a three-dimensional composite limiting system is constructed; the defects that the traditional coupling only has step fitting and no three-dimensional locking structure are solved, the slip and delamination of the rubber and the metal skeleton under alternating load are inhibited, the circumferential torsional load is uniformly dispersed, the torsional resistance and impact resistance of the coupling are improved, and the stable transmission of torque under the long-term heavy load working condition of the vehicle side-bridge is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coupling transmission technology, specifically a composite side bridge coupling. Background Technology

[0002] Wheel couplings with skeletons are often used as complementary components in the drive positions of vehicle side axles. These couplings are classified as composite side axle couplings. They rely on the interlocking of two annular metal skeletons and a central rubber elastomer to connect the wheel hubs at both ends, completing torque transmission and damping under heavy loads and frequent start-stop conditions. While existing composite side axle couplings also employ a molding and vulcanization process for the metal skeleton and rubber elastomer, their annular metal skeletons only achieve engagement through simple contact between the outer stepped surface and the inner wall and inner bore wall of the rubber elastomer. They lack a three-dimensional interlocking and limiting structure composed of a self-locking annular groove, a limiting groove, and a locking through hole, thus missing a composite constraint system that simultaneously achieves radial self-locking, circumferential anti-slip, and axial anti-migration.

[0003] The alternating torsional loads and instantaneous impacts from vehicle movement and equipment operation will continuously act on the coupling. The contact surfaces between the rubber elastomer and the metal frame are prone to relative slippage and delamination. The overall torsional and impact resistance of the coupling is weak, making it unable to stably and reliably transmit torque under the long-term complex working conditions of the vehicle side axle.

[0004] Therefore, we propose a composite side bridge coupling. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a composite side bridge coupling to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a composite side axle coupling, comprising two wheel hubs and a tire elastomer assembly detachably connected between the two wheel hubs. The tire elastomer assembly includes a rubber elastomer and two annular metal skeletons vulcanized and composite-molded with the rubber elastomer. A self-locking annular groove is formed around the outer circumference of each annular metal skeleton. The width of the self-locking annular groove near the center is greater than the width of the outer groove, narrowing inward to form two sets of self-locking inclined surfaces. The self-locking inclined surfaces are used to engage and clamp the rubber elastomer, achieving [the desired effect] through the squeezing action of the inclined surfaces. Radial self-locking constraint; several limiting grooves are evenly distributed on the self-locking inclined surface. The limiting grooves are used to prevent the rubber elastomer from circumferentially sliding. The bottom of the limiting groove is provided with a locking through hole that passes through the annular metal skeleton. The locking through hole is used to fix the rubber elastomer, thereby limiting the overall axial movement. After the rubber elastomer raw material is softened, it is filled and embedded in the self-locking annular groove, the limiting groove, and the locking through hole. The two are cross-linked and cured together by vulcanization process, so that the rubber elastomer and the annular metal skeleton form an integrated locking composite structure.

[0007] Preferably, the locking through hole is a radial through hole, and flared openings are provided at both ends of the locking through hole; the flared openings are used to expand the accommodating space at the end of the through hole, providing a molding cavity for the softened rubber material to be molded into an enlarged lock head.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the flared opening can reserve expansion cavity space at both ends of the locking through hole. The rubber raw material is vulcanized and filled into the flared opening to form an integrally expanded locking head. The expanded locking head can be locked on both ends of the annular metal skeleton to form an axial limiting constraint on the rubber elastomer, effectively restricting the axial movement and detachment of the rubber elastomer.

[0009] Preferably, the limiting groove is a shallow, rounded, waist-shaped groove, and the groove depth is set to 1 / 4 to 1 / 3 of the wall thickness of the self-locking inclined surface. The two ends of the limiting groove smoothly transition to the rounded arc of the self-locking inclined surface. This rounded transition structure is used to disperse torsional and compressive stress, so that stress tearing is less likely to occur at the contact position between the rubber elastomer and the limiting groove.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the limiting groove can be interlocked with the snap-fit ​​boss integrally formed by the rubber elastomer, thereby constraining the circumferential sliding of the rubber elastomer; at the same time, the smooth transition structure of the rounded arc at both ends of the limiting groove can disperse the torsional extrusion stress during the working process, alleviate the stress concentration of the structure, and prevent stress tearing at the fitting position when the rubber elastomer is repeatedly deformed, effectively improving the durability of the rubber structure.

[0011] Preferably, the limiting grooves on the two sets of self-locking inclined surfaces are arranged alternately along the circumferential radial direction, and the limiting grooves on different self-locking inclined surfaces are not on the same radial straight line; this alternate arrangement structure is used to disperse the stress points, so that the circumferential stress of the annular metal frame is more uniform, thereby improving the overall torsional bearing capacity of the coupling.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the staggered limiting grooves can disperse the stress points under torque, avoid stress concentration at the same radial position, make the stress on the entire circumference of the annular metal frame more uniform, effectively improve the torsional bearing capacity of the coupling, and make the structural deformation more stable during operation.

[0013] Preferably, the corners of the self-locking annular groove, the edges of the limiting groove, and the edges of the locking through hole are all machined with rounded corners; the rounded corners are used to eliminate the sharp corners of structural stress, so that the rubber elastomer is not easy to crack or break during the reciprocating elastic deformation process.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solutions, multiple rounded corner transitions can eliminate the stress concentration problem caused by sharp corners in the structure. Under continuous reciprocating elastic deformation conditions, the contact surface of the rubber elastomer will not be cut or scratched by sharp corners, effectively reducing the probability of rubber cracking and breakage, and significantly improving the service life of the rubber elastomer.

[0015] Preferably, the radius of the flared opening is larger than the diameter of the straight section of the locking through hole. Through the large-diameter expansion cavity structure of the flared opening, the enlarged locking head formed by vulcanization and cross-linking is blocked on both ends of the annular metal skeleton, which significantly enhances the axial anti-disengagement and limiting effect of the coupling.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the flared mouth adopts a large-diameter cavity expansion structure, which can form an enlarged locking head after vulcanization and cross-linking molding. The enlarged locking head can be locked on both ends of the annular metal skeleton, forming an axial limiting constraint on the rubber elastomer, effectively suppressing the problem of axial movement and detachment of the rubber structure when the coupling is working at high speed, and significantly enhancing the overall axial anti-detachment limiting effect.

[0017] Preferably, the self-locking annular groove is centered along the axial direction of the annular metal frame; this centered symmetrical arrangement is used to balance the axial load of the coupling, so that the coupling is less prone to axial displacement and radial sway under high-speed rotation conditions.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the symmetrical arrangement of the self-locking annular groove can evenly distribute the axial load of the coupling, effectively suppressing axial displacement and radial sway of the overall structure under high-speed rotation conditions, resulting in stronger operational stability.

[0019] Preferably, the annular metal skeleton and the rubber elastomer are integrally molded by high temperature and high pressure molding and vulcanization; the solid rubber raw material is softened and flowed by the action of high temperature and high pressure, and fully impregnates and fills the entire inner wall of the self-locking annular groove, the limiting groove and the locking through hole, and then vulcanized and cross-linked to cure, thereby improving the composite bonding strength of the annular metal skeleton and the rubber elastomer.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, high temperature and high pressure can soften and flow the solid rubber, fully impregnate and fill the self-locking annular groove, the limiting groove and the entire inner wall of the locking through hole. After vulcanization and cross-linking curing, the composite bonding strength between the annular metal skeleton and the rubber elastomer can be greatly improved. The two are firmly bonded and are not easy to delaminate and separate during operation.

[0021] Preferably, the rubber elastomer is integrally formed by high-temperature vulcanization and cross-linking, comprising an annular locking block filled and embedded in a self-locking annular groove, a snap-fit ​​boss filled and embedded in a limiting groove, and a locking pin filled and embedded in a locking through hole; both ends of the locking pin are integrally formed with enlarged locking heads, which respectively engage with the two end faces of the annular metal skeleton; the annular locking block is formed with a mating inclined surface that matches the self-locking inclined surface, and the mating inclined surface and the self-locking inclined surface are tightly engaged to achieve radial self-locking limitation; the snap-fit ​​boss is embedded in the limiting groove to constrain the circumferential slippage of the rubber elastomer; the locking pin and the enlarged locking heads at both ends jointly restrict the axial movement of the rubber elastomer; the annular locking block, snap-fit ​​boss, locking pin and enlarged locking heads cooperate with each other to form a three-dimensional limiting and locking structure with radial self-locking, circumferential anti-slip and axial anti-movement.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the annular locking block, the snap-fit ​​boss, and the locking pin work together to constrain and limit the rubber elastomer from three dimensions: radial, circumferential, and axial, respectively, to construct a three-dimensional locking structure. This can comprehensively suppress the problems of radial loosening, circumferential slippage, and axial movement of the rubber body during operation, and greatly improve the overall structural stability and fatigue resistance of the coupling.

[0023] Preferably, a detachable mounting mechanism is provided between the wheel hub and the annular metal frame. The mounting mechanism includes several first circular holes formed on the side wall of the annular metal frame. Nuts are fixedly mounted on the inner ends of the first circular holes near the rubber elastomers. Several second circular holes are correspondingly formed on the wheel hub. The bolt passes through the second circular holes and the first circular holes sequentially from the outside of the wheel hub. The shank of the bolt extending into the inner side of the first circular hole is threadedly locked with the nut. The end of the bolt located on the outside of the wheel hub is provided with a limiting head for fitting and pressing against the outer wall of the wheel hub. Through the bidirectional clamping action of the bolt limiting head and the inner nut, the wheel hub and the annular metal frame are easy to assemble and disassemble and are firmly connected.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, during installation, the bolt is inserted from the outside of the hub, aligned with the second circular hole, and then passed through both the second and first circular holes before being tightened with the nut. The bolt head and the nut clamp the hub and the annular metal frame in both directions. For disassembly, simply unscrew the bolt in the opposite direction to separate the two, making assembly and disassembly convenient and efficient. The threaded locking structure provides excellent resistance to vibration and loosening, and the connection between the hub and the annular metal frame is firm and stable, facilitating future maintenance and replacement of parts.

[0025] In summary: Advantage 1: During the vulcanization molding stage, the rubber fills the self-locking annular groove, limiting groove, and locking through hole, forming an integral annular locking block, snap-fit ​​boss, and locking pin; the annular locking block and the self-locking inclined surface inside the self-locking annular groove engage to achieve radial self-locking and limiting, combined with the circumferential limiting of the snap-fit ​​boss and the axial limiting of the locking pin, forming a three-dimensional locking structure. Under high-speed operation, the rubber is not easy to loosen or slip, and the structural stability and fatigue resistance are greatly improved. Advantage 2: The annular metal skeleton and the rubber elastomer are integrally molded by high temperature and high pressure molding and vulcanization. The softened rubber is fully impregnated and filled with the self-locking annular groove, the limiting groove, and the inner wall of the locking through hole. After curing, the two are tightly bonded and have high composite strength. They are not easy to delaminate or crack under repeated stress, effectively extending the service life of the coupling. Advantage 3: The wheel hub and ring metal frame adopt a detachable locking mechanism with bolts and built-in nuts, which makes disassembly and assembly simple and quick, and facilitates later maintenance and parts replacement; the bolt head and built-in nut clamp and lock in both directions, with excellent anti-vibration and anti-loosening performance, and the connection between the wheel hub and the frame is firm and stable during long-term operation. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the separate structure of the wheel hub and tire elastomer assembly in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the separate structure of the rubber elastomer and the annular metal skeleton in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the combined state of the annular locking block and the self-locking annular groove in this invention; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the annular metal skeleton in this invention. Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the annular metal skeleton in this invention from another perspective; Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the rubber elastomer in this invention; Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the rubber elastomer in this invention from another perspective; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting groove and locking through hole in this invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the annular locking block, the snap-fit ​​boss, and the locking pin in this invention.

[0027] In the diagram: 1. Wheel hub; 2. Rubber elastomer; 3. Annular metal frame; 4. Self-locking annular groove; 401. Self-locking inclined surface; 5. Limiting groove; 6. Locking through hole; 601. Flared opening; 201. Annular locking block; 202. Mating inclined surface; 203. Snap-fit ​​boss; 204. Locking pin; 205. Enlarged lock head; 701. First round hole; 702. Nut; 703. Second round hole; 704. Bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Example 1: Please refer to Figures 1-11The diagram illustrates a composite side axle coupling, comprising two hubs 1 and a tire elastomer assembly detachably connected between the two hubs 1. The tire elastomer assembly includes a rubber elastomer 2 and two sets of annular metal frames 3 symmetrically arranged and vulcanized to the left and right ends of the rubber elastomer 2, respectively. The hubs 1 and rubber elastomer 2 are well-known technologies in this field and will not be described in detail here. Each set of annular metal frames 3 has a circular structure, with a continuous self-locking annular groove 4 extending around the outer circumference of the annular metal frame 3. The self-locking annular groove 4 has a trapezoidal shape with a wider outer edge and a narrower inner edge along its radial cross-section. The self-locking annular groove 4 has a wider groove width near the center than the outer groove width, narrowing symmetrically inward to form two sets of inclined self-locking ramps 401. The two sets of self-locking ramps 401 are symmetrically inclined about the radial centerline of the self-locking annular groove 4. The preferred angle between the ramp and the radial centerline is 15° to 30°, with an optimal implementation angle of 22°. The self-locking ramps 401 are used to engage and clamp the rubber elastomer 2 filled in the groove after vulcanization, achieving radial self-locking constraint through the radial compression of the ramps. Several limiting grooves 5 are evenly distributed at equal angles along the circumference of each set of self-locking ramps 401. The limiting grooves 5 are used to block the rubber elastomer... The rubber elastomer 2 undergoes circumferential sliding. At the center of the bottom of each limiting groove 5, a locking through-hole 6 is vertically opened, penetrating the thickness direction of the entire annular metal skeleton 3. The locking through-hole 6 is used to insert and fix the rubber elastomer 2, thereby restricting overall axial movement. After the rubber elastomer 2 raw material softens and flows under high temperature and high pressure molding conditions, it fully fills and fits into all the internal cavities of the self-locking annular groove 4, limiting groove 5, and locking through-hole 6. The two are tightly bonded through high-temperature vulcanization cross-linking and curing, forming an integrated locking composite structure between the rubber elastomer 2 and the annular metal skeleton 3. The self-locking annular groove 4 and self-locking inclined surface are based on the annular metal skeleton 3. 401, the limiting groove 5, and the locking through hole 6 work together to form a three-dimensional interlocking limiting structure. The self-locking inclined surface 401 compresses and engages the rubber elastomer 2 to achieve radial self-locking. The limiting groove 5 prevents the circumferential slippage of the rubber elastomer 2, and the locking through hole 6 restricts the axial movement of the rubber elastomer 2. This completes the triple interlocking constraint system, solving the problem that existing couplings rely only on step contact and lack a three-dimensional limiting structure. It prevents the rubber elastomer 2 and the annular metal skeleton 3 from slipping and delaminating under alternating loads, evenly distributing the circumferential force, strengthening the overall torsional and impact resistance, and ensuring stable and reliable torque transmission of the vehicle side axle under long-term complex working conditions.

[0030] The locking through hole 6 is a radially penetrating hole that is completely drilled along the radial direction of the annular metal skeleton 3. The left and right ends of the locking through hole 6 along the axial direction are respectively integrally formed with flared openings 601. The flared openings 601 are arc-shaped cavity structures that smoothly expand outward from the straight section opening of the locking through hole 6. The radius of the arc of the flared openings 601 is preferably 0.6 to 1 times the diameter of the straight section of the locking through hole. The flared openings 601 are used to expand the accommodating space at the end of the through hole, providing a molding cavity for the softened rubber material to form the enlarged locking head 205. During the molding and vulcanization stage, the rubber material is vulcanized and filled into the flared openings 601 at both ends to integrally form the enlarged locking head 205. The overall outer diameter of the enlarged locking head 205 is larger than the diameter of the straight section of the locking through hole 6. The enlarged locking head 205 can be locked on the left and right end faces of the annular metal skeleton 3, forming an axial limiting constraint on the rubber elastomer 2, effectively restricting the axial movement and fall-off of the rubber elastomer 2.

[0031] The limiting groove 5 is a shallow, rounded, waist-shaped groove. The length of a single limiting groove 5 extends circumferentially along the annular metal skeleton 3. The length-to-width ratio of the waist-shaped groove is preferably 3:1 to 5:1. The groove depth of the limiting groove 5 is uniformly set to 1 / 4 to 1 / 3 of the wall thickness of the self-locking inclined surface 401. The two ends of the limiting groove 5 and the self-locking inclined surface 401 are smoothly transitioned with a large radius rounded arc of R2 to R5mm. This rounded transition structure is used to disperse torsional and compressive stress, so that stress tearing is not likely to occur at the corner where the rubber elastomer 2 and the limiting groove 5 are fitted. The limiting groove 5 can be completely fitted with the snap-fit ​​boss 203 integrally formed with the rubber elastomer, thereby restraining the circumferential slippage of the rubber elastomer. At the same time, the smooth rounded transition structure at both ends of the limiting groove can disperse the torsional and compressive stress during the working process, alleviate the stress concentration of the structure, and prevent stress tearing at the fitting position when the rubber elastomer 2 is repeatedly deformed, effectively improving the durability of the rubber structure.

[0032] The limiting grooves 5 on the two sets of self-locking inclined surfaces 401 are arranged alternately along the circumference. The limiting grooves 5 on the left self-locking inclined surface 401 and the limiting grooves 5 on the right self-locking inclined surface 401 are not on the same radial straight line. The adjacent sets of grooves are radially offset by a fixed angle of 15° to 30°. This staggered arrangement structure is used to disperse the stress points, so that the stress on the circumference of the annular metal frame 3 is more uniform, thereby improving the overall torsional bearing capacity of the coupling. The staggered limiting grooves can disperse the stress points under the action of torque, avoid stress concentration at the same radial position, and make the stress on the entire circumference of the annular metal frame 3 tend to be uniform, effectively improving the torsional bearing capacity of the coupling, and making the structural deformation more stable during operation.

[0033] The corners of the self-locking annular groove 4, the edges of the groove openings of the limiting groove 5, the edges of the locking through hole 6, and the junctions of the flared opening 601 and the straight hole are all machined with rounded corners of R1 to R3 mm. The rounded corners are used to eliminate the sharp corners of the structural stress, making it less likely for the rubber elastomer 2 to crack or break during reciprocating elastic deformation. Multiple rounded corners can eliminate the stress concentration problem caused by the sharp corners of the structure. Under continuous reciprocating elastic deformation, the contact surface of the rubber elastomer will not be cut or scratched by the sharp corners, effectively reducing the probability of rubber cracking and breakage, and greatly improving the service life of the rubber elastomer.

[0034] The radius of the arc of the flared end 601 is larger than the diameter of the straight section of the locking through hole 6. Through the large-diameter expansion structure of the flared end 601, the enlarged locking head 205, which is formed by vulcanization and cross-linking, is stuck on both ends of the annular metal skeleton 3, which significantly enhances the axial anti-disengagement and limiting effect of the coupling. The flared end 601 adopts a large-diameter expansion structure, which can form the enlarged locking head 205 after vulcanization and cross-linking. The enlarged locking head 205 can be stuck on both ends of the annular metal skeleton 3, forming an axial limiting constraint on the rubber elastomer 2, effectively suppressing the problem of axial movement and detachment of the rubber structure when the coupling is working at high speed, and significantly strengthening the overall axial anti-disengagement and limiting effect.

[0035] The self-locking annular groove 4 is symmetrically arranged in the center along the axial direction of the annular metal frame 3. This symmetrical arrangement is used to balance the axial load of the coupling, making it less prone to axial displacement and radial sway under high-speed rotation conditions. The symmetrical arrangement of the self-locking annular groove 4 can evenly distribute the axial load of the coupling, effectively suppressing axial displacement and radial sway of the overall structure under high-speed rotation conditions, resulting in stronger operational stability.

[0036] The annular metal skeleton 3 and the rubber elastomer 2 are integrally molded by high-temperature and high-pressure molding and vulcanization. The vulcanization temperature is preferably 145-160℃, and the vulcanization pressure is preferably 8-15MPa. The solid rubber raw material is softened and flowed by the high temperature and high pressure, which fully wets and fills the entire inner wall of the self-locking annular groove 4, the limiting groove 5, and the locking through hole 6. After vulcanization and cross-linking, the composite bonding strength between the annular metal skeleton 3 and the rubber elastomer 2 is improved. The high temperature and high pressure can soften and flow the solid rubber, which can fully wet and fill the entire inner wall of the self-locking annular groove 4, the limiting groove 5, and the locking through hole 6. After vulcanization and cross-linking, the composite bonding strength between the annular metal skeleton 3 and the rubber elastomer 2 can be greatly improved. The two are firmly bonded and are not easy to delaminate during operation.

[0037] The rubber elastomer 2 is cross-linked and vulcanized at high temperature, simultaneously forming an annular locking block 201 that is filled and embedded inside the self-locking annular groove 4, a snap-fit ​​boss 203 that is filled and embedded inside the limiting groove 5, and a locking pin 204 that is filled and embedded inside the locking through hole 6. The two side walls of the annular locking block 201 are integrally formed with mating inclined surfaces 202 that perfectly match the inclination angle of the self-locking inclined surface 401. The snap-fit ​​boss 203 is integrally formed on the surface of the mating inclined surface 202 facing the limiting groove 5. The mating inclined surface 202 of the annular locking block 201 and the self-locking inclined surface 401 are tightly engaged with each other to achieve radial self-locking limiting. The snap-fit ​​boss 203 is fully embedded in the limiting groove. The groove 5 is used to prevent circumferential slippage of the rubber; the locking pin 204 and the locking through hole 6 are tightly fitted together to limit the axial movement of the rubber; the three types of structures work together to form a three-dimensional limiting and locking structure for the coupling, which is radially self-locking, circumferentially anti-slip, and axially anti-migration; the annular locking block 201, the snap-fit ​​boss 203, and the locking pin 204 work together to constrain and limit the rubber elastomer 2 from the radial, circumferential, and axial dimensions, respectively, to construct a three-dimensional locking structure, which can comprehensively suppress the problems of radial loosening, circumferential slippage, and axial movement of the rubber body during operation, and greatly improve the overall structural stability and fatigue resistance of the coupling.

[0038] A detachable mounting mechanism is provided between the hub 1 and the annular metal frame 3. The mounting mechanism includes several first circular holes 701 evenly opened along the circumference of the side wall of the annular metal frame 3. Each first circular hole 701 penetrates the side wall of the annular metal frame 3 axially. A nut 702 is welded and fixedly mounted on the inner end of the first circular hole 701 near the rubber elastomer 2. The internal thread of the nut 702 is coaxially aligned with the first circular hole 701. Several second circular holes 703 are coaxially opened on the end face of the hub 1, corresponding one-to-one with the first circular holes 701. A bolt 704 is horizontally aligned with the holes from the outer end face of the hub 1 and is inserted into the second circular holes 703 and the first circular holes 701 in sequence. The smooth rod section of the bolt 704, which extends into the inner side of the first circular hole 701, is screwed into the nut 702. The external thread of the rod is locked with the thread of the nut 702. The bolt 704 is located on the outer side of the hub 1. The end of the wheel hub is integrally machined with a limiting head. The outer diameter of the limiting head is larger than the diameter of the second circular hole 703, which is used to fit and press against the outer wall of the wheel hub 1. The limiting head of the bolt 704 and the inner nut 702 provide bidirectional clamping action, making it easy to assemble and disassemble the wheel hub 1 and the annular metal frame 3, and ensuring a firm connection. During installation, the bolt 704 is inserted horizontally from the outside of the wheel hub 1, aligned with the second circular hole 703, and passed through the second circular hole 703 and the first circular hole 701 before being tightened with the nut 702. The limiting head of the bolt and the nut 702 clamp the wheel hub 1 and the annular metal frame 3 in both directions. During disassembly, the bolt 704 is unscrewed in the opposite direction to quickly separate the wheel hub 1 and the annular metal frame 3, making disassembly and assembly convenient and efficient. The threaded locking structure has excellent anti-vibration and anti-loosening effect, and the connection between the wheel hub 1 and the annular metal frame 3 is firm and stable, facilitating later maintenance and replacement of parts.

[0039] Working principle: Before assembly, the rubber elastomer 2 and the two sets of annular metal skeletons 3 are integrated into a composite molding process using a special molding mold. After the annular metal skeletons 3, which are pre-placed inside the mold cavity, are positioned and fixed, solid rubber raw materials are filled into the mold cavity. Then, the rubber raw materials are heated, softened and flowed through a high-temperature and high-pressure molding and vulcanization process, completely immersing the molding cavity inside the mold corresponding to the self-locking annular groove 4, the limiting groove 5, and the locking through hole 6, as well as the inner wall of the corresponding groove of the annular metal skeleton 3. After the vulcanization and cross-linking reaction is completed, the mold is opened and the rubber elastomer 2 and the two sets of annular metal skeletons 3 are solidified and combined into an integrated tire elastomer component. Under the constraint of the mold, the rubber elastomer 2 is simultaneously integrally formed with annular locking block 201, snap-fit ​​boss 203, locking pin 204 and enlarged lock head 205, laying the foundation for the three-dimensional limiting structure forming of the whole machine.

[0040] Based on this, the overall assembly operation is carried out. Bolt 704 passes through the second circular hole 703 and the first circular hole 701 from the outside of the hub 1 and is threadedly locked with nut 702 fixed to the inner end of the first circular hole 701. The outer limiting head of bolt 704 is close to the outer wall of hub 1, thus forming a two-way clamping constraint with the inner nut 702, so that hub 1 and annular metal frame 3 will not axially loosen or radially misalign during the entire transmission process, thereby ensuring that the torque can be completely and stably transmitted from hub 1 to annular metal frame 3.

[0041] Following this, after the annular metal skeleton 3 bears the torsional force transmitted by the hub 1, the torsional load will act on the annular locking block 201 inside the self-locking annular groove 4. The self-locking annular groove 4 is set as a wedge-shaped structure with a wider groove width near the center and gradually narrowing outwards. Two sets of self-locking inclined surfaces 401 are formed in the groove. The annular locking block 201 is completely in contact with the surface of the self-locking inclined surface 401. When the annular metal skeleton 3 and the rubber elastomer 2 have a relative torsional tendency, the annular locking block 201 will expand and be squeezed outwards by centrifugal force and shear force. The expanded annular locking block 201 and the self-locking inclined surface 401 wedge and bite each other tightly. The greater the transmitted torque, the stronger the radial clamping and locking force generated by the self-locking inclined surface 401, thereby continuously restricting the radial separation of the rubber elastomer 2 and the annular metal skeleton 3, and achieving reliable radial self-locking constraint.

[0042] Meanwhile, several shallow, rounded, waist-shaped limiting grooves 5 are evenly provided on the self-locking inclined surface 401. The locking boss 203 formed by vulcanization of the rubber elastomer 2 fits into the limiting groove 5. When the transmission generates circumferential shear stress, the locking boss 203 will abut against the side wall of the limiting groove 5, thereby directly preventing the rubber elastomer 2 from slipping circumferentially relative to the annular metal skeleton 3. Furthermore, the limiting grooves 5 on the two sets of self-locking inclined surfaces 401 are arranged radially in a staggered manner and are not on the same radial straight line. The staggered limiting points can disperse the shear load in the circumferential direction, avoid stress concentration at a single position causing the rubber elastomer 2 to tear, and simultaneously improve the overall torsional bearing limit of the coupling.

[0043] Based on this, each limiting groove 5 has a locking through hole 6 that passes through the annular metal skeleton 3. The locking through hole 6 is a radial through hole with flared openings 601 at both ends. The softened rubber material during the vulcanization stage fills the locking through hole 6 to form a locking pin 204. At the same time, an enlarged locking head 205 is formed at the flared opening 601. The locking pin 204 passes through the annular metal skeleton 3 plate as a whole. The enlarged locking heads 205 on both sides are respectively locked on the inner and outer end faces of the annular metal skeleton 3, thereby limiting the rubber elastomer 2 in both directions from the axial direction and effectively suppressing the axial movement of the rubber elastomer 2 when subjected to impact load. In addition, the corners of the self-locking annular groove 4, the edges of the limiting groove 5, and the edges of the locking through hole 6 are all provided with rounded transitions. The rounded corner structure can eliminate stress concentration points caused by the sharp corners of the structure, thereby avoiding cracking and damage to the rubber elastomer 2 during long-term reciprocating elastic deformation.

[0044] Furthermore, the integrated annular locking block 201, snap-fit ​​boss 203, and locking pin 204 work together to construct a three-dimensional limiting and locking system within the coupling, which provides radial self-locking, circumferential anti-slip, and axial anti-migration. This system completely prevents delamination, slippage, and separation between the rubber elastomer 2 and the annular metal skeleton 3. At the same time, the rubber elastomer 2 has its own elastic deformation capability, which can absorb the impact vibrations generated by equipment start-up and shutdown and load fluctuations during transmission. It can also slightly compensate for axial, radial, and angular installation misalignments between the two shafts, reduce transmission noise, and provide buffer protection for upstream and downstream transmission components.

[0045] Finally, the torque, after being buffered, limited, and transmitted by the rubber elastomer 2, will be transmitted to the wheel hub 1 on the other side by the annular metal frame 3 and bolt 704 to complete the power output. The entire structure relies on the annular metal frame 3 to provide a rigid bearing foundation and the rubber elastomer 2 to provide buffering and self-locking constraints. It can adapt to heavy-load and frequent start-stop industrial transmission conditions and effectively extend the overall service life of the coupling.

[0046] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0047] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A composite side axle coupling, comprising two hubs (1) and a tire elastomer assembly detachably connected between the two hubs (1), the tire elastomer assembly comprising a rubber elastomer (2) and two annular metal skeletons (3) vulcanized and composited with the rubber elastomer (2), characterized in that: A self-locking annular groove (4) is formed around the outer circumference of the annular metal skeleton (3); the width of the self-locking annular groove (4) near the center is greater than the width of the outer groove, and it narrows inward to form two sets of self-locking inclined surfaces (401). The self-locking inclined surfaces (401) are used to engage and clamp the rubber elastomer (2), and radial self-locking constraint is achieved through the squeezing action of the inclined surfaces; several limiting grooves (5) are evenly distributed on the self-locking inclined surfaces (401). The limiting grooves (5) are used to prevent the rubber elastomer (2) from circumferentially sliding. The bottom of the limiting groove (5) is provided with a locking through hole (6) that passes through the annular metal skeleton (3). The locking through hole (6) is used to fix the rubber elastomer (2) to limit the overall axial movement. After the raw material of the rubber elastomer (2) is softened, it is filled and embedded in the self-locking annular groove (4), the limiting groove (5), and the locking through hole (6). The two are cross-linked and cured by vulcanization process, so that the rubber elastomer (2) and the annular metal skeleton (3) form an integrated locking composite structure.

2. The composite side bridge coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking through hole (6) is a radial through hole, and the two ends of the locking through hole (6) are respectively provided with flared openings (601); the flared openings (601) are used to expand the accommodating space at the end of the through hole, and provide a molding cavity for the softened rubber material to form an enlarged locking head (205).

3. The composite side bridge coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting groove (5) is a shallow circular arc waist-shaped groove. The groove depth of the limiting groove (5) is set to 1 / 4 to 1 / 3 of the wall thickness of the self-locking inclined surface (401). The two ends of the limiting groove (5) are smoothly transitioned to the self-locking inclined surface (401) by a circular arc. This circular arc transition structure is used to disperse torsional extrusion stress, so that stress tearing is not likely to occur at the contact position between the rubber elastomer (2) and the limiting groove (5).

4. The composite side bridge coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting grooves (5) on the two sets of self-locking inclined surfaces (401) are arranged in a staggered manner along the circumference. The limiting grooves (5) on different self-locking inclined surfaces (401) are not on the same radial straight line. This staggered arrangement structure is used to disperse the stress points, so that the circumference of the annular metal skeleton (3) is more uniformly stressed, thereby improving the overall torsional bearing capacity of the coupling.

5. A composite side bridge coupling according to claim 2, characterized in that: The corners of the self-locking annular groove (4), the edges of the limiting groove (5), and the edges of the locking through hole (6) are all machined with rounded corners; the rounded corners are used to eliminate the sharp corners of structural stress, so that the rubber elastomer (2) is not easy to crack or break during the reciprocating elastic deformation process.

6. A composite side bridge coupling according to claim 5, characterized in that: The radius of the arc of the flared opening (601) is greater than the diameter of the straight section of the locking through hole (6). Through the large-diameter expansion structure of the flared opening (601), the enlarged locking head (205) formed by vulcanization cross-linking is blocked on both sides of the annular metal skeleton (3), thereby improving the axial anti-disengagement and limiting effect of the coupling.

7. A composite side bridge coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-locking annular groove (4) is centered along the axial direction of the annular metal skeleton (3); this centered symmetrical arrangement is used to balance the axial load of the coupling, so that the coupling is less prone to axial displacement and radial sway under high-speed rotation conditions.

8. A composite side bridge coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular metal skeleton (3) and the rubber elastomer (2) are integrally molded by high temperature and high pressure molding and vulcanization. The solid rubber raw material is softened and flowed by high temperature and high pressure, and fully impregnates and fills the entire inner wall of the self-locking annular groove (4), the limiting groove (5) and the locking through hole (6). Then, it is vulcanized and cross-linked to improve the composite bonding strength between the annular metal skeleton (3) and the rubber elastomer (2).

9. A composite side bridge coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rubber elastomer (2) is integrally formed by high-temperature vulcanization and cross-linking, comprising an annular locking block (201) filled and embedded in the self-locking annular groove (4), a snap-fit ​​boss (203) filled and embedded in the limiting groove (5), and a locking pin (204) filled and embedded in the locking through hole (6); both ends of the locking pin (204) are integrally formed with enlarged locking heads (205), which are respectively locked onto the two end faces of the annular metal skeleton (3); the annular locking block (201) is formed with a mating inclined surface (202) that matches the self-locking inclined surface (401). The inclined plane (202) and the self-locking inclined plane (401) are tightly engaged to achieve radial self-locking limit; the snap-fit ​​boss (203) is embedded in the limiting groove (5) to constrain the rubber elastomer (2) from circumferential slippage; the locking pin (204) and the enlarged lock head (205) at both ends jointly restrict the axial movement of the rubber elastomer (2); the annular locking block (201), the snap-fit ​​boss (203), the locking pin (204) and the enlarged lock head (205) cooperate with each other to form a three-dimensional limiting and locking structure with radial self-locking, circumferential anti-slip and axial anti-movement.

10. A composite side bridge coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that: A detachable mounting mechanism is provided between the hub (1) and the annular metal frame (3). The mounting mechanism includes a first circular hole (701), a nut (702), a second circular hole (703), and a bolt (704). The first circular hole (701) is opened on the side wall of the annular metal frame (3). The nut (702) is fixedly mounted on the inner end of the first circular hole (701) near the rubber elastomer (2). A number of second circular holes (703) are correspondingly opened on the hub (1). The bolt (704) passes through the second circular hole (703) and the first circular hole (701) in sequence from the outside of the hub. The rod of the bolt (704) extending into the inside of the first circular hole (701) is threadedly locked with the nut (702). The end of the bolt (704) located on the outside of the hub is provided with a limiting head for fitting and pressing against the outer wall of the hub (1). By relying on the bidirectional clamping action of the bolt (704) limiting head and the inner nut (702), the hub (1) and the annular metal frame (3) are easy to disassemble and assemble and are firmly connected.

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