A buffer protection structure for preventing the blasting bus from being pulled apart

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of blasting engineering safety, and discloses a buffer protection structure for preventing the breakage of a blasting bus, which comprises a protective shell and a breakage-preventing buffer assembly. Rubber sleeves are fixedly connected to the openings at the two ends of the protective shell. The breakage-preventing buffer assembly comprises two groups of sliding rails, two groups of sliding blocks, a winding drum, two groups of mounting plates, a plurality of groups of damping teeth, a plurality of groups of contact teeth, a fixing cylinder, a lifting rod, a plug rod, a screw cap, a threaded rod, a positioning pin and a separation membrane. The two groups of sliding rails are fixedly arranged on the two sides of the inner wall of the protective shell in a mirror image mode. The sliding blocks slide on the sliding rails. The two ends of the winding drum are rotationally connected to the two groups of sliding blocks. The winding drum is used for providing a pre-winding point for the bus. Through the linkage mechanism of instantaneous decoupling anti-jamming, gradual damping energy absorption anti-disordered wire and physical blind operation demonstration warning of the lifting separation membrane, the buffer protection structure for preventing the breakage of the blasting bus realizes all-around cooperative protection from stress buffering to post-state feedback.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of blasting engineering safety technology, specifically to a blasting busbar anti-breakage buffer protection structure. Background Technology

[0002] The blasting busbar is a critical transmission line connecting the remote detonator to the detonator in the blasting zone. It needs to be laid over long distances in harsh environments such as underground tunnels or open-pit rock walls. Affected by falling rocks, mechanical scraping, or localized collapses, the busbar is highly susceptible to sudden, strong pulling forces. If the tension is too great and causes the busbar to break, not only will the cable be damaged and the construction schedule delayed, but in severe cases, the destructive force can also be transmitted along the line, damaging the expensive detonator downstream and creating a major safety hazard.

[0003] To address the issues of securing and connecting blasting busbars during installation and use, on-site personnel typically employ simple physical protective measures. Common existing devices and practices include: using electrical tape to reinforce the busbar and detonator leads at the connection point, increasing the tensile strength of the connection; or coiling a section of busbar near the connection point into a long coil as a reserve, and temporarily securing this coil to nearby anchor bolts, rocks, or blasting rods using thin wire or cable ties. When the busbar is subjected to external force, the tension is first applied to the securing point, rather than directly to the electrical connection between the busbar and the detonator lead. This method of securing the busbar using on-site materials constitutes the most direct buffer protection for the busbar connection at the blasting site.

[0004] However, the traditional fixing method relying on simple binding of on-site materials has significant technical defects and safety hazards: First, the release threshold is extremely unstable. The binding force of thin wires or cable ties depends entirely on manual operation by workers, making it impossible to accurately quantify the critical stress point. When encountering a sudden, fatal pull, the binding point often cannot be disconnected in time to release the force, causing the busbar to still be pulled apart abruptly. Second, there is a lack of dynamic buffering and energy absorption mechanism. This simple "static fixing-instantaneous detachment" mode cannot provide flexible back pressure resistance after the tension is released, causing the unbound busbar to be subjected to huge impact kinetic energy instantly, which can easily lead to runaway wires or secondary lashing damage. Finally, there is no post-disaster status feedback capability. In the dark and muddy post-blasting disaster site, such simple measures cannot leave any physical warning marks on the surface after the force is applied and the busbar detaches, making it extremely difficult for workers to patrol and eliminate hazards. To address this, the present invention provides a buffer protection structure for blasting busbars to prevent breakage. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a buffer protection structure for blasting busbars to prevent breakage, which solves the problems of uncontrollable release threshold, lack of buffer energy absorption, and lack of post-event warning in existing busbar protection methods.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a blasting busbar anti-pull-out buffer protection structure, comprising a protective shell and an anti-pull-out buffer assembly. Rubber sleeves are fixedly connected to the openings at both ends of the protective shell. The anti-pull-out buffer assembly includes two sets of slide rails, two sets of sliders, a drum, two sets of mounting plates, several sets of damping teeth, several sets of contact teeth, a fixed cylinder, a lifting rod, a plug rod, a cap, a threaded rod, a positioning pin, and an isolation membrane. The two sets of slide rails are respectively mirror-fixed to both sides of the inner wall of the protective shell. The sliders slide on the slide rails. The two ends of the drum are rotatably connected to the two sets of sliders. The drum provides pre-winding points for the busbar. The two sets of mounting plates are respectively mirror-fixed to both sides of the inner wall of the protective shell. Below the slide rail, the damping teeth are fixed to the mounting plate, the contact teeth are fixed to the bottom of the slider, and several sets of contact teeth and damping teeth mesh with each other. The fixed cylinder is fixed to the slider and has a notch. The lifting rod is elastically connected to the fixed cylinder through an elastic element and slides inside the fixed cylinder. The insert rod is fixed to the lifting rod. The drum has an insertion port that engages with the insert rod. The top of the lifting rod has a limiting port. The protective shell has a through threaded hole. The threaded rod is threaded into the threaded hole. The upper and lower ends of the threaded rod are fixedly connected to the cap and the positioning pin, respectively. The positioning pin is inserted into the limiting port. The protective shell has a through groove, and the isolation membrane is fixed in the through groove.

[0007] Preferably, the slider has a C-shaped structure.

[0008] Preferably, the elastic element includes a disc spring assembly, the upper and lower ends of which are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixed cylinder and the bottom end of the lifting rod, respectively.

[0009] Preferably, the protective shell has two sets of mirror-shaped insertion openings, which are connected to the through groove. A telescopic rod is installed in the insertion opening, and a clamp is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the telescopic rod. A damping spring is fixedly connected to the clamp and sleeved on the telescopic rod. Several sets of protruding strips are fixedly connected to the clamp and several sets of protruding strips are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the lifting rod.

[0010] Preferably, an inclined guide plate is fixedly connected to the clamping plate, and the inclined guide plate is provided with a rounded corner transition at the connection between the clamping plate and the clamping plate.

[0011] Preferably, the clamping plate has an L-shaped structure.

[0012] Preferably, the protective shell has two sets of mirror-shaped sliding grooves inside, a movable block is slidably connected in the sliding groove, the fixed end of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the movable block, a limit spring is fixedly connected to one end of the movable block, a second magnetic sheet is fixedly connected to the other end of the movable block, and a first magnetic sheet that magnetically attracts the second magnetic sheet is fixedly connected in the sliding groove.

[0013] Preferably, two sets of mounting seats are fixedly connected inside the protective shell, and a rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the two sets of mounting seats. Two sets of reels are fixedly connected to the rotating shafts, and steel wire ropes are fixedly wound on the reels. A cutter is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the steel wire ropes. A connecting piece is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, and a through hole is opened on the connecting piece. A fixing pin is fixedly connected in the through groove, and the through hole is sleeved on the fixing pin. A cutting piece for cutting the connecting piece is fixedly connected to the clamp plate.

[0014] Preferably, a cutting anvil is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the protective shell. The cutting anvil is located directly below the cutter, and the busbar passes between the cutter and the cutting anvil.

[0015] Preferably, the damping teeth are distributed in a stepped manner along the sliding direction of the slider, and the vertical height of the damping teeth at the end of the slide rail is greater than the vertical height of the damping teeth at the front end of the slide rail.

[0016] This invention provides a shock-absorbing and buffering protection structure for blast-damaged busbars. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. This invention uses a locating pin to break and link the disc spring assembly, instantly and synchronously releasing the restrictions on the translation of the C-shaped slider and the rotation of the drum, eliminating jamming; the slider, in conjunction with the stepped gradually changing damping teeth, achieves non-linear progressive energy absorption and eliminates the risk of runaway and tangled wires; at the end point, the lifting rod lifts the isolation membrane to complete the physical warning, achieving a synergistic protection effect of instantaneous decoupling release, progressive and stable energy absorption, and post-event blind operation dual warning.

[0018] 2. This invention utilizes double convex strips that interlock at the endpoint to form a deadlock, preventing secondary damage from busbar rebound; the inclined guide plate combined with rounded corners converts rigid impacts into flexible thrust to extend service life; the L-shaped clamp provides high-strength lateral support, and is supplemented by double magnetic sheets to construct a magnetic threshold lock, successfully filtering out accidental triggering from daily vibrations. This achieves a comprehensive safety protection effect of precise anti-accidental triggering, flexible impact resistance, and thorough anti-rebound.

[0019] 3. This invention utilizes the rebound kinetic energy of the clamping plate to sever the connecting piece, releasing gravity to cut the busbar, instantly merging the deadlock and ultimate decoupling actions. For extreme conditions where the buffer is exhausted, it actively sacrifices the front busbar to form physical isolation, completely blocking the transmission of destructive tensile force and absolutely protecting the rear detonator. This achieves a cross-level protection effect, from anti-breakage buffering to overload active isolation. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a partial cross-sectional top view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a bottom view of a partial cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged view of region A in the middle;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a top view of the slider and the drum of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a partial structural cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged view of region B in the middle;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 8 Enlarged schematic diagram of region C in the middle.

[0029] The components are as follows: 1. Protective shell; 2. Rubber sleeve; 3. Slide rail; 4. Slider; 5. Drum; 6. Mounting plate; 7. Damping teeth; 8. Contact teeth; 9. Fixing cylinder; 10. Notch; 11. Disc spring assembly; 12. Lifting rod; 13. Insertion port; 14. Insert rod; 15. Limiting port; 16. Threaded hole; 17. Screw cap; 18. Threaded rod; 19. Positioning pin; 20. Through groove; 21. Isolation membrane; 22. Embedding port; 23. 24. Telescopic rod; 25. Damping spring; 26. Clamping plate; 27. Inclined guide plate; 28. Raised bar one; 29. ​​Raised bar two; 30. Slide groove; 31. Moving block; 32. Magnetic plate one; 33. Magnetic plate two; 34. Limiting spring; 35. Mounting base; 36. Rotating shaft; 37. Reel; 38. Steel wire rope; 39. Cutter; 40. Connecting plate; 41. Through hole; 42. Fixing pin; 43. Cutting plate; 44. Cutting anvil. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] Example:

[0032] Please see the appendix Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 9This invention provides a shock-absorbing buffer protection structure for a blasting busbar, including a protective shell 1 and a shock-absorbing assembly. Rubber sleeves 2 are fixedly connected to the openings at both ends of the protective shell 1. The shock-absorbing assembly includes two sets of slide rails 3, two sets of sliders 4, a drum 5, two sets of mounting plates 6, several sets of damping teeth 7, several sets of contact teeth 8, a fixed cylinder 9, a lifting rod 12, an insert rod 14, a cap 17, a threaded rod 18, a positioning pin 19, and an isolation membrane 21. The two sets of slide rails 3 are mirror-fixed to both sides of the inner wall of the protective shell 1. The sliders 4 slide on the slide rails 3. The two ends of the drum 5 are rotatably connected to the two sets of sliders 4. The drum 5 provides pre-winding points for the busbar. The two sets of mounting plates 6 are mirror-fixed to both sides of the inner wall of the protective shell 1 and located below the slide rails 3. The damping teeth 7 are fixed to the mounting plates 6, and the contact teeth 8 are fixed to the bottom of the sliders 4. The several sets of contact teeth 8 and damping teeth 7 interact with each other. When the slider 4 slides on the slide rail 3 to release the line, the contact teeth 8 at the bottom of the slider 4 and the damping teeth 7 on the mounting plate 6 rub against each other to absorb energy, converting the destructive mechanical tension into damping heat energy. The fixed cylinder 9 is fixed to the slider 4 and has a notch 10. The lifting rod 12 is elastically connected to the fixed cylinder 9 through an elastic element and slides inside the fixed cylinder 9. The insertion rod 14 is fixed to the lifting rod 12. The drum 5 has an insertion port 13 that engages with the insertion rod 14. The top of the lifting rod 12 has a limiting port 15. The protective shell 1 has a threaded hole 16. The threaded rod 18 is threaded into the threaded hole 16. The upper and lower ends of the threaded rod 18 are fixedly connected to the cap 17 and the positioning pin 19, respectively. The positioning pin 19 is inserted into the limiting port 15. The middle section of the positioning pin 19 has a pre-set annular V-shaped stress guiding notch to precisely control its fracture section under a specific shear force. When the tension reaches the preset danger threshold, the V-shaped stress guide notch in the middle section of the positioning pin 19 at the bottom of the threaded rod 18 is instantly sheared and broken. The lifting rod 12 inside the fixed cylinder 9 instantly springs upward, causing the insertion rod 14 to disengage from the insertion port 13 of the drum 5. This releases the horizontal sliding restriction of the slider 4 and simultaneously releases the rotation restriction of the drum 5, perfectly achieving instantaneous decoupling and release of translation and rotation. The protective shell 1 has a through groove 20, and the isolation membrane 21 is fixed in the through groove 20. The lifting rod 12 slides to the bottom of the through groove 20 and lifts the isolation membrane 21, forming a visual physical protrusion on the outside of the protective shell 1. This achieves the synergistic protection purpose of anti-breakage buffer and post-event blind operation visual warning.

[0033] The rubber sleeve 2 has a through hole in the center for the busbar to pass through. The inner diameter of the through hole is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the busbar, so that an interference fit can be formed after the busbar is inserted. The function of the rubber sleeve 2 is: on the one hand, to flexibly seal the position where the busbar enters and exits the protective shell 1 to prevent mud or dust from entering the shell; on the other hand, to provide a certain gripping friction for the busbar to prevent the busbar from sliding on its own when not being pulled.

[0034] The locating pin 19 is made of brittle metal, and the depth of the V-shaped stress-directing notch is 1 / 4 to 1 / 3 of the diameter of the locating pin 19, so that the locating pin 19 will undergo brittle fracture along the notch section when subjected to shear force within a preset threshold range. The preset danger threshold can be customized by adjusting the diameter of the locating pin 19 and the depth of the V-shaped notch according to the rated tensile strength of the busbar.

[0035] The isolation membrane 21 is made of a polymer sheet with plastic deformation capability, with a thickness of 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm, and the surface is coated with a red or yellow warning color coating. When the top of the lifting rod 12 pushes the isolation membrane 21 upward, the isolation membrane 21 undergoes irreversible plastic deformation, forming a permanent bulge at the through groove 20 of the protective shell 1, so that the post-disaster line patrol personnel can identify by visual or tactile means that the protection device has triggered the overload protection action.

[0036] The slider 4 has a C-shaped structure. The C-shaped structure of the slider 4 can perfectly cover and support the internal roll 5 to save the core space inside the protective shell 1. At the same time, it reduces the motion inertia of the slider 4 itself, ensuring that the slider 4 can slide out quickly along the slide rail 3 with extremely low physical delay to buffer and absorb energy at the moment the positioning pin 19 breaks and unlocks.

[0037] The elastic element includes a disc spring assembly 11. The upper and lower ends of the disc spring assembly 11 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixed cylinder 9 and the bottom end of the lifting rod 12, respectively. Compared with traditional coil springs, the disc spring assembly 11 can accumulate huge elastic potential energy within an extremely limited vertical compression stroke. When the positioning pin 19 breaks, the disc spring assembly 11 releases a highly explosive transient thrust, ensuring that the lifting rod 12 and the insertion rod 14 bounce upward at a speed of milliseconds, eliminating the safety risk of unlocking jamming.

[0038] The elastic restoring force of the disc spring assembly 11 in the pre-compression state is greater than the maximum static friction force between the lifting rod 12 and the inner wall of the fixed cylinder 9; the pre-compression stroke of the disc spring assembly 11 is not less than the depth of the insertion rod 14 into the insertion port 13; the specifications of the disc spring assembly 11 are configured such that when the positioning pin 19 breaks, the disc spring assembly 11 can drive the lifting rod 12 to complete the full stroke springing action within 0.1 seconds, and drive the insertion rod 14 to completely disengage from the insertion port 13, so as to ensure the synchronization of translational and rotational decoupling actions.

[0039] The protective housing 1 has two sets of mirror-shaped insertion openings 22, which are connected to the through slots 20. A telescopic rod 23 is installed within each insertion opening 22. A clamping plate 25 is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the telescopic rod 23. A damping spring 24 is fixedly connected to the clamping plate 25 and sleeved on the telescopic rod 23. Several sets of protrusions 27 are fixedly connected to the clamping plate 25. Several sets of protrusions 28 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the lifting rod 12. When the slider 4 slides to its final travel distance with the pull of the busbar, the protrusions 28 on the outer wall of the lifting rod 12 contact and press against the protrusions 27 and the inclined guide plate 26 on the clamping plate 25. Under the continuous tension of the busbar, the lifting rod 12 applies a lateral thrust to the clamping plate 25 through the protrusions 28. This lateral thrust is transmitted to the telescopic rod 23 and the moving block 30 connected to the clamping plate 25. When the lateral thrust increases to a level sufficient to overcome the magnetic attraction between magnetic plate 31 and magnetic plate 32, the two sets of magnetic plates separate, and the moving block 30 retracts along the slide groove 29, compressing the limiting spring 33 during this retraction. During this retraction stroke, the cutting blade 42 fixed on the clamping plate 25 moves synchronously with the clamping plate 25, and its cutting edge cuts the connecting piece 39 sleeved on the fixing pin 41. When the second protrusion 28 on the lifting rod 12 completely passes the first protrusion 27 on the clamping plate 25, the lateral thrust disappears, and the limiting spring 33 pushes the moving block 30 to spring back to its original position, causing the first protrusion 27 and the second protrusion 28 to form a deadlock interlock, forming an absolute anti-rebound deadlock barrier in the horizontal direction, effectively preventing secondary whipping damage caused by elastic rebound after the busbar tension disappears.

[0040] The connecting piece 39 is made of brittle plastic sheet or thin-walled copper sheet with a thickness of 0.3mm to 0.8mm. A stress concentration notch or V-shaped notch is pre-set on the edge of the connecting piece 39 near the through hole 40 to reduce the cutting force required when the cutting piece 42 cuts the connecting piece 39, and to ensure that the connecting piece 39 can be reliably cut without tensile deformation during the retraction stroke of the clamping plate 25.

[0041] An inclined guide plate 26 is fixedly connected to the clamping plate 25. The inclined guide plate 26 and the clamping plate 25 are connected with a rounded transition. The design of the inclined guide plate 26 and the rounded transition allows the lifting rod 12 to smoothly and gently cut into and open the clamping plate 25 during the process of rushing towards the end point. This cleverly transforms the instantaneous rigid impact force into a flexible lateral thrust that compresses the damping spring 24, greatly extending the service life of the protection device.

[0042] The clamping plate 25 has an L-shaped structure. While providing lateral locking and limiting support, the L-shaped angle structure of the clamping plate 25 provides a high-strength mounting surface and sufficient travel clearance space for the linkage cutting mechanism.

[0043] The protective outer shell 1 has two sets of mirror-shaped sliding grooves 29. A movable block 30 is slidably connected in the sliding groove 29. The fixed end of the telescopic rod 23 is fixedly connected to the movable block 30. One end of the movable block 30 is fixedly connected to a limit spring 33, and the other end of the movable block 30 is fixedly connected to a magnetic sheet 32. A magnetic sheet 31 that magnetically engages with the magnetic sheet 32 ​​is fixedly connected in the sliding groove 29. The magnetic engagement design of the movable block 30 with the magnetic sheet 31 and the magnetic sheet 32 ​​provides a magnetic threshold lock for the retraction action of the clamping plate 25. Only when the lateral thrust caused by the impact of the slider 4 is greater than the limit attraction of the magnetic sheet 31 and the magnetic sheet 32 ​​will the movable block 30 compress the limit spring 33 to retract, effectively filtering out the deadlock caused by minor vibrations or collisions in daily mining.

[0044] Magnetic sheet 31 and magnetic sheet 32 ​​are made of neodymium iron boron permanent magnets. The magnetic attraction force between them is set to be greater than the inertial force generated by daily mechanical vibration in the mine environment, and less than the lateral thrust component corresponding to the busbar breakage danger threshold, so as to ensure that the yielding action is triggered only under actual overload pulling conditions.

[0045] Two sets of mounting bases 34 are fixedly connected inside the protective shell 1. A rotating shaft 35 is rotatably connected to each of the two sets of mounting bases 34. Two sets of reels 36 are fixedly connected to the rotating shafts 35. Steel wire ropes 37 are fixedly wound on the reels 36, and a cutter 38 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the steel wire ropes 37. A guide slide is formed on each side of the inner wall of the protective shell 1 along the vertical direction. The guide slide is a rectangular groove structure. The two flanges of the cutter 38 slide in the corresponding guide slides, with a clearance of 0.1mm to 0.3mm between the flanges and the guide slides. A connecting piece 39 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 35. The connecting piece 39 has a through hole 40, and a fixed groove 20 is fixedly connected to it. Pin 41 and through hole 40 are fitted onto fixed pin 41. Cutting piece 42 for cutting connecting piece 39 is fixedly connected to clamp plate 25. When clamp plate 25 rebounds violently under the action of damping spring 24 to complete interlocking, cutting piece 42 fixed on clamp plate 25 directly cuts connecting piece 39 fitted onto fixed pin 41 with rebound kinetic energy. The breakage of connecting piece 39 causes shaft 35 to lose its limit position instantly. Cutting blade 38 suspended on reels 36 at both ends of shaft 35 will pull steel wire rope 37 to fall under the action of gravity. The two flanges of cutting blade 38 are constrained by guide slides on the inner wall of protective shell 1 and fall smoothly along the vertical path, accurately impacting the cutting anvil 43 and cutting the main line passing through it. The multi-level physical linkage successfully coupled the locking and cutting actions instantly using the same power source. In the desperate situation where the protection device's buffer stroke was exhausted and the pulling force continued to cause damage, the front bus was actively sacrificed and the physical connection was completely cut off, thus absolutely protecting the valuable detonation network host behind it.

[0046] The blade of the cutter 38 is made of high-density metal material, and its overall weight is not less than 200 grams. The lower end of the cutter 38 is provided with a V-shaped cutting edge with a cutting edge angle of 30° to 45°. The upper surface of the anvil 43 is provided with a groove corresponding to the cutting edge of the cutter 38. The weight and cutting edge angle of the cutter 38 are configured such that when it falls from a preset installation height under the action of gravity, the shear stress generated by the cutting edge of the cutter 38 and the groove of the anvil 43 is greater than the shear strength of the copper or aluminum core of the blasting busbar to be cut, ensuring a reliable one-time cut.

[0047] Several sets of damping teeth 7 are distributed in a stepped manner along the sliding direction of slider 4. The vertical height of the damping teeth 7 at the end of slide rail 3 is greater than that of the damping teeth 7 at the front end of slide rail 3. The contact teeth 8 are made of elastic material or are floatingly installed at the bottom of slider 4 through elastic arms, so that when the contact teeth 8 pass over the damping teeth 7 with gradually changing vertical height, they can undergo elastic yielding deformation instead of rigid jamming. Nonlinear damping energy absorption is achieved only by gradually increasing the frictional resistance of the tooth surface. The stepped distribution of damping teeth 7 gives slider 4 nonlinear progressive damping energy absorption characteristics. The frictional resistance is small in the initial sliding, which is conducive to smooth line release. As slider 4 moves towards the end of slide rail 3, the engagement depth increases, causing the frictional resistance to increase geometrically. The strong frictional force forms a flexible back pressure brake on the rotation speed of drum 5, eliminating the risk of runaway and line tangling caused by the high-speed, unrestrained rotation of drum 5.

[0048] In this invention, during use, the blasting main line is inserted through the rubber sleeve 2 at one end of the protective shell 1 and wound around the drum 5 a predetermined number of times to form a buffer reserve. The number of winding turns is determined according to the required buffer stroke on site, typically 3 to 8 turns. The wound main line is led out from the drum 5, passes through the gap between the cutter 38 and the cutting anvil 43, and finally exits from the rubber sleeve 2 at the other end of the protective shell 1, connecting with the subsequent detonation network. When the blasting main line is subjected to a fatal pull, the tension is first transmitted to the drum 5 and the slider 4. When the tension reaches the preset danger threshold, the positioning pin 19 at the bottom of the threaded rod 18 is activated. The instantaneous shearing and pulling causes the disc spring assembly 11 inside the fixed cylinder 9 to release its thrust, driving the lifting rod 12 to spring upwards instantly, causing the insertion rod 14 to disengage from the insertion port 13 of the drum 5, thereby simultaneously releasing the horizontal sliding restriction of the slider 4 and the rotation restriction of the drum 5; after unlocking, the slider 4 is pulled backward along the slide rail 3 by the pulling force. At this time, the contact teeth 8 at the bottom of the slider 4 mesh and rub against the damping teeth 7 on the mounting plate 6, which are distributed in a stepped manner, converting the pulling kinetic energy into damping heat energy for consumption, and forming back pressure damping on the drum 5 to smoothly release the reserved busbar; when the slider 4 slides with the busbar to the protective shell 1 At the end of its travel, the second protrusion 28 on the outer wall of the lifting rod 12 presses against the first protrusion 27 on the clamping plate 25. The pulling force of the busbar forces the moving block 30 connected to the telescopic rod 23 to overcome the magnetic attraction of the first magnetic piece 31 and the second magnetic piece 32. The two sets of magnetic pieces separate, and the moving block 30 drives the telescopic rod 23 and the clamping plate 25 to retract along the slide groove 29. During this process, the limiting spring 33 is compressed. During this retraction stroke, the cutting piece 42 on the clamping plate 25 moves synchronously with the clamping plate 25 and cuts the connecting piece 39 sleeved on the fixing pin 41. After the second protrusion 28 has completely passed the first protrusion 27, the limiting spring 33 pushes the moving block 30 to retract. Block 30 rebounds, causing convex strip 27 and convex strip 28 to form a deadlock interlock, preventing the busbar from rebounding; the connecting piece 39 breaks, causing the rotating shaft 35 to lose its limit position, and the cutter 38 suspended on the reels 36 at both ends of the rotating shaft 35 pulls the steel wire rope 37 to fall rapidly under the action of gravity, and falls precisely along the guide slide to the cutting anvil seat 43 to cut the busbar, thus sacrificing the front busbar to protect the detonating host at the rear; at the same time, the top of the lifting rod 12, which is in the popped-up state, slides to the bottom of the through groove 20 and pushes up the isolation membrane 21, forming a visual physical protrusion on the outside of the protective shell 1, completing the visual blind operation warning after the fact.

[0049] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A shock-absorbing and buffering protection structure for blasting busbars, characterized in that, The system includes a protective shell (1) and an anti-breakage buffer assembly. Rubber sleeves (2) are fixedly connected to the openings at both ends of the protective shell (1). The anti-breakage buffer assembly includes two sets of slide rails (3), two sets of sliders (4), a drum (5), two sets of mounting plates (6), several sets of damping teeth (7), several sets of contact teeth (8), a fixed cylinder (9), a lifting rod (12), a plug rod (14), a cap (17), a threaded rod (18), a positioning pin (19), and an isolation membrane (21). The slide rails (3) are respectively mirror-fixed to both sides of the inner wall of the protective housing (1). The sliders (4) slide on the slide rails (3). The two ends of the drum (5) are respectively rotatably connected to the two sets of sliders (4). The drum (5) is used to provide pre-winding points for the busbar. The two sets of mounting plates (6) are respectively mirror-fixed to both sides of the inner wall of the protective housing (1) and located below the slide rails (3). The damping teeth (7) are fixed on the mounting plates (6). The contact teeth (8) are fixed on the... At the bottom of the slider (4), several sets of contact teeth (8) and damping teeth (7) mesh with each other. The fixed cylinder (9) is fixed on the slider (4). The fixed cylinder (9) has a notch (10). The lifting rod (12) is elastically connected to the fixed cylinder (9) through an elastic element and slides inside the fixed cylinder (9). The insertion rod (14) is fixed on the lifting rod (12). The drum (5) has a socket (13) for insertion and engagement with the insertion rod (14). A limiting port (15) is opened at the top of the rod (12). A threaded hole (16) is opened through the protective shell (1). The threaded rod (18) is threaded in the threaded hole (16). The upper and lower ends of the threaded rod (18) are fixedly connected to the cap (17) and the positioning pin (19) respectively. The positioning pin (19) is inserted into the limiting port (15). A through groove (20) is opened on the protective shell (1). The isolation membrane (21) is fixed in the through groove (20).

2. The blasting busbar anti-breakage buffer protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slider (4) has a C-shaped structure.

3. The blast busbar anti-breakage buffer protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic element includes a disc spring assembly (11), the upper and lower ends of which are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixed cylinder (9) and the bottom end of the lifting rod (12), respectively.

4. The blast busbar anti-breakage buffer protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protective shell (1) has two sets of mirror-arranged insertion ports (22), which are connected to the through slot (20). A telescopic rod (23) is provided in the insertion port (22). A clamp (25) is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the telescopic rod (23). A damping spring (24) is fixedly connected to the clamp (25). The damping spring (24) is sleeved on the telescopic rod (23). Several sets of protrusions (27) are fixedly connected to the clamp (25). Several sets of protrusions (28) are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the lifting rod (12).

5. The blasting busbar anti-breakage buffer protection structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, An inclined guide plate (26) is fixedly connected to the clamping plate (25), and a rounded corner transition is provided at the connection between the inclined guide plate (26) and the clamping plate (25).

6. The blasting busbar anti-breakage buffer protection structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The clamp (25) has an L-shaped structure.

7. The blast busbar anti-breakage buffer protection structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The protective shell (1) has two sets of mirror-arranged sliding grooves (29). A movable block (30) is slidably connected in the sliding groove (29). The fixed end of the telescopic rod (23) is fixedly connected to the movable block (30). A limit spring (33) is fixedly connected to one end of the movable block (30). A magnetic sheet two (32) is fixedly connected to the other end of the movable block (30). A magnetic sheet one (31) that magnetically attracts the magnetic sheet two (32) is fixedly connected in the sliding groove (29).

8. The blast busbar anti-breakage buffer protection structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The protective shell (1) is fixedly connected to two sets of mounting seats (34), and the two sets of mounting seats (34) are rotatably connected to a rotating shaft (35). The rotating shaft (35) is fixedly connected to two sets of reels (36), and a steel wire rope (37) is fixedly wound on the reel (36). A cutter (38) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the steel wire rope (37). A connecting piece (39) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (35). A through hole (40) is opened on the connecting piece (39). A fixing pin (41) is fixedly connected in the through groove (20). The through hole (40) is sleeved on the fixing pin (41). A cutting piece (42) for cutting the connecting piece (39) is fixedly connected to the clamp plate (25).

9. The blast busbar anti-breakage buffer protection structure according to claim 8, characterized in that, The bottom of the inner wall of the protective shell (1) is fixedly connected to a cutting anvil (43), which is located directly below the cutter (38), and the busbar passes between the cutter (38) and the cutting anvil (43).

10. The blasting busbar anti-tensile breakage buffer protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, Several sets of damping teeth (7) are distributed in a stepped manner along the sliding direction of the slider (4). The vertical height of the damping teeth (7) at the end of the slide rail (3) is greater than the vertical height of the damping teeth (7) at the front end of the slide rail (3).

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