A distributed multi-zone flue gas flow rate flow measurement device and method

Abstract

This invention discloses a distributed multi-region flue gas velocity and flow rate measurement device and method. The distributed multi-region flue gas velocity and flow rate measurement device includes a flue pipe, a measuring mechanism, and a driving mechanism. An adjustment groove is provided through the side wall of the flue pipe. The measuring mechanism includes a mounting base, a Pitot tube, and a reciprocating mechanism. The mounting base is slidably disposed within the adjustment groove. The Pitot tube is connected to the mounting base, with one end located inside the flue pipe. A differential pressure transmitter is detachably connected to one end of the Pitot tube. The reciprocating mechanism is connected to the outer wall of the flue pipe, and the mounting base is slidable on the reciprocating mechanism. The driving mechanism is connected to the inner wall of the flue pipe. This invention uses a reciprocating transmission assembly to drive the Pitot tube to perform linear reciprocating motion on the cross-section of the flue pipe, achieving continuous scanning measurement of multiple regions of the flue pipe cross-section with a single device, covering multiple radial positions of the cross-section. This effectively avoids the problem of poor representativeness in single-point measurements and significantly improves the measurement accuracy of flue gas velocity and flow rate under non-uniform flow field conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of flue gas flow measurement technology, specifically relating to a distributed multi-region flue gas velocity and flow measurement device and method. Background Technology

[0002] The determination of flue gas emissions is based on the average flue gas velocity at the monitoring section. The accuracy of the velocity measurement directly affects the assessment of the total pollutant emissions and the efficiency of the purification system. Currently, the Pitot tube method is the standard method for velocity measurement in my country, which calculates the velocity by measuring the difference between the total pressure and static pressure (dynamic pressure) of the flue gas. However, due to process and space constraints, industrial waste gas emission pipelines often have short straight sections. Factors such as bends, diameter changes, and ash accumulation on the inner wall lead to extremely uneven flow field distribution. Traditional single-point Pitot tube measurements are difficult to represent the true average velocity of the section, resulting in significant measurement errors.

[0003] Chinese patent CN112816005B discloses a rotary flue gas flow rate and velocity measuring device, which uses a rotating unit to drive the sampling tube to rotate, thereby expanding the measurement point coverage area. However, the sampling tube of this device rotates along a fixed circular path. In rectangular or large-sized flues, the rotary sampling cannot cover the central and corner areas of the cross-section, resulting in obvious measurement blind spots and insufficient representativeness of the measurement points. This fails to fundamentally improve the technical problem of large measurement errors caused by uneven cross-sectional velocity distribution under complex flow field conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a distributed multi-region flue gas velocity and flow rate measurement device and method to solve the problem of limited detection range of the above-mentioned measurement devices.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a distributed multi-zone flue gas velocity and flow rate measurement device, including a flue pipe, a measuring mechanism, and a driving mechanism. An adjustment groove is provided through the side wall of the flue pipe. The measuring mechanism includes a mounting base, a Pitot tube, and a reciprocating mechanism. The mounting base is slidably disposed within the adjustment groove. The Pitot tube is connected to the mounting base, with one end located inside the flue pipe. A differential pressure transmitter is detachably connected to one end of the Pitot tube. The reciprocating mechanism is connected to the outer wall of the flue pipe, and the mounting base is slidable on the reciprocating mechanism. The driving mechanism is connected to the inner wall of the flue pipe and is located downstream of the measuring mechanism. The driving mechanism is linked to the reciprocating mechanism to drive the Pitot tube to reciprocate within the flue pipe.

[0006] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, sealing curtains are connected to both sides of the mounting base, the sealing curtains are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the flue, and the sealing curtains cover the adjustment groove.

[0007] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the reciprocating mechanism includes a pair of fixed seats, a guide rod, a reciprocating screw, and a pair of sliding blocks. The fixed seats are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the flue. The guide rod is fixedly connected between the pair of fixed seats. The reciprocating screw is rotatably connected between the pair of fixed seats and parallel to the guide rod. The pair of sliding blocks are symmetrically connected to both sides of the mounting base, and the sliding blocks are slidably disposed on the guide rod and threadedly connected to the reciprocating screw.

[0008] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, a first worm gear is connected to one end of the reciprocating screw.

[0009] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the driving mechanism includes a bracket, a rotating shaft, a fan blade, a second worm gear, and a transmission worm. The bracket is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the flue. The rotating shaft is connected to one end of the bracket. The fan blade is connected to one end of the rotating shaft. The second worm gear is connected to the other end of the rotating shaft. The transmission worm passes through the inner wall of the flue and is rotatably connected to the flue, and both ends of the transmission worm mesh with the first worm gear and the second worm gear, respectively.

[0010] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, an extension base is fixedly connected to the mounting base, and a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor are connected to the extension base.

[0011] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, a pair of backflush pipes are connected to the mounting base, the pair of backflush pipes being respectively connected to the total pressure pipe and the static pressure pipe of the mounting base, and the backflush pipes are equipped with solenoid valves.

[0012] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the pitot tube is rotatably connected to the mounting base, and a locking screw is threadedly connected to the side wall of the mounting base, the locking screw corresponding to the pitot tube.

[0013] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, a data processing unit is further included. The data processing unit includes a microprocessor, an analog-to-digital conversion module, a storage module, and a communication module. The analog-to-digital conversion module is used to convert the analog signals output by the differential pressure transmitter, temperature sensor, and pressure sensor into digital signals. The microprocessor is used to calculate the flue gas velocity at each measurement point according to a preset flow velocity calculation model based on the collected differential pressure signal, temperature signal, and static pressure signal, and to calculate the average flow velocity and flue gas flow rate of the flue pipe cross-section according to the velocity-area integral algorithm. The storage module is used to store the measurement data, and the communication module is used to upload the measurement results to the host system.

[0014] A distributed multi-zone flue gas velocity and flow rate measurement method, based on the aforementioned distributed multi-zone flue gas velocity and flow rate measurement device, includes the following steps:

[0015] S1. Slide the mounting base into the adjusting groove of the flue pipe, fix the sealing curtain, and ensure that the adjusting groove is completely covered and the mounting base can slide freely; adjust the circumferential angle of the Pitot tube so that the total pressure tap is facing the flue gas flow direction and then lock it; install the temperature sensor and pressure sensor, and connect the differential pressure transmitter, backflush pipeline and data processing unit; check the meshing state of the transmission worm and the first and second worm wheels to ensure that the fan blades can be driven by the flue gas to rotate flexibly.

[0016] S2. Flue gas is introduced, and the flue gas flow drives the fan blades to rotate. Through the second worm wheel, the transmission worm, and the first worm wheel, the reciprocating screw rotates, which in turn drives the sliding block, the mounting base, and the Pitot tube to make linear reciprocating motion along the guide rod. The Pitot tube pressure tap forms a radial scanning line on the cross-section of the flue pipe, continuously acquiring the total pressure and static pressure at different radial positions.

[0017] S3. During the reciprocating motion of the Pitot tube, the differential pressure transmitter outputs a differential pressure signal in real time, and the temperature sensor and pressure sensor output flue gas temperature and static pressure signals synchronously. The data processing unit synchronously collects the above signals at a preset sampling frequency, and after analog-to-digital conversion, obtains multiple sets of differential pressure, temperature and static pressure data corresponding to each scanning position.

[0018] S4. The microprocessor uses the velocity calculation model to calculate the velocity at each measuring point. After completing a full scan cycle, it uses the velocity-area integral algorithm to calculate the cross-sectional average velocity and flue gas volume flow rate.

[0019] S5, the storage module cyclically records the original data and calculation results with time stamps; the communication module uploads the cross-sectional average flow velocity, flue gas flow rate and equipment status diagnostic information to the upper-level distributed control system.

[0020] S6. The data processing unit controls the solenoid valve on the backflush pipe to open according to the set cycle. Compressed air is pulsed into the total pressure pipe and static pressure pipe to remove the dust accumulated at the pressure tapping port. After the operation is completed, normal measurement is automatically restored.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is that by driving the Pitot tube to make linear reciprocating motion on the cross section of the flue through the reciprocating transmission component, a single set of equipment can continuously scan and measure multiple areas of the flue cross section, covering multiple radial positions of the cross section, effectively avoiding the problem of poor representativeness of single-point measurement, and greatly improving the measurement accuracy of flue gas velocity and flow rate under non-uniform flow field conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a first-angle perspective view of a distributed multi-region flue gas velocity and flow rate measurement device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2This is a second perspective view of a distributed multi-region flue gas velocity and flow rate measurement device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of a distributed multi-region flue gas velocity and flow rate measurement device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure at point B;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the first angle of the measuring mechanism in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the second angle of the measuring mechanism in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Explanation of key figure labels:

[0030] 1. Smoke pipe; 2. Measuring mechanism; 201. Mounting base; 2011. Sealing curtain; 2012. Extension base; 2013. Temperature sensor; 2014. Pressure sensor; 202. Pitot tube; 2021. Backflush pipe; 203. Reciprocating mechanism; 2031. Fixed base; 2032. Guide rod; 2033. Reciprocating lead screw; 2034. Sliding block; 3. Drive mechanism; 301. Bracket; 302. Fan blade; 303. Transmission worm gear; 304. Protective box. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.

[0032] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, a distributed multi-zone flue gas velocity and flow rate measurement device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a flue pipe 1, a measuring mechanism 2, and a driving mechanism 3.

[0033] Among them, the flue pipe 1 is the conveying pipe for the flue gas to be tested. Its side wall has a through adjustment groove in the radial direction. The length of the adjustment groove is set according to the cross-sectional size of the flue pipe 1 so as to allow the measuring mechanism 2 to obtain a sufficient linear scanning stroke within the cross-section.

[0034] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the measuring mechanism 2 includes a mounting base 201, a pitot tube 202, and a reciprocating mechanism 203.

[0035] The mounting base 201 is slidably fitted into the adjusting groove and can move freely along the groove. Both sides of the mounting base 201 are fixedly connected to a sealing curtain 2011. The other end of the sealing curtain 2011 is pressed and fixed to the inner wall of the flue 1, completely covering the adjusting groove, ensuring the airtightness of the pipe and preventing flue gas leakage.

[0036] In this embodiment, the Pitot tube 202 is an S-type standard Pitot tube, with its handle rotatably inserted into the mounting base 201. One end extends into the inside of the flue pipe 1, and the other end protrudes outside the flue pipe 1 and is detachably connected to the differential pressure transmitter via a flexible hose.

[0037] In addition, the mounting base 201 has a locking screw threaded on its side wall. When loosened, the Pitot tube 202 can be rotated freely to align with the flow direction, and when tightened, its angle is locked.

[0038] like Figures 2 to 3 As shown, an extension base 2012 is also fixedly connected to the mounting base 201. A temperature sensor 2013 and a pressure sensor 2014 are respectively installed on the extension base 2012 for collecting flue gas temperature and cross-sectional static pressure.

[0039] In addition, a pair of backflush pipes 2021 are provided on the Pitot tube 202. The two backflush pipes 2021 are connected to the internal total pressure pipe and static pressure pipe of the Pitot tube 202 respectively. Each backflush pipe 2021 is equipped with a solenoid valve. By opening the solenoid valve at regular intervals, compressed air can be introduced to backflush and clean the total pressure and static pressure taps to prevent blockage.

[0040] like Figures 6 to 7 As shown, the reciprocating mechanism 203 is installed on the outer wall of the flue 1 and is used to drive the mounting base 201 and the pitot tube 202 to perform linear reciprocating motion.

[0041] The reciprocating mechanism 203 includes a pair of fixed seats 2031, a guide rod 2032, a reciprocating screw 2033, and a pair of sliding blocks 2034. The two fixed seats 2031 are respectively fixed to the outer walls of the flue pipe 1 at both ends of the adjusting groove. The guide rod 2032 is parallel to the adjusting groove, and its two ends are fixedly connected to the fixed seats 2031. The reciprocating screw 2033 is rotatably supported between the two fixed seats 2031 by bearings, and is arranged parallel to the guide rod 2032; its surface is provided with a bidirectional spiral groove.

[0042] In addition, a pair of sliding blocks 2034 are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the mounting base 201 outside the flue 1. The sliding blocks 2034 have open holes and threaded holes. The open holes are slidably fitted onto the guide rod 2032, and the threaded holes are threadedly engaged with the reciprocating screw 2033. A first worm gear is fixedly connected to one end of the reciprocating screw 2033.

[0043] like Figures 1 to 7As shown, the drive mechanism 3 is fixed to the inner wall of the flue pipe 1 and is located downstream of the measuring mechanism 2 along the flue gas flow direction. Its function is to directly drive the reciprocating mechanism 203 using the kinetic energy of the flue gas flow, without the need for external power.

[0044] The drive mechanism 3 includes a bracket 301, a rotating shaft, a fan blade 302, a second worm gear, and a transmission worm 303.

[0045] In this embodiment, the bracket 301 is a rigid frame fixed to the inner wall of the flue 1. The rotating shaft is horizontally mounted at the end of the bracket 301 via a bearing, and its axis is parallel to the flue gas flow direction.

[0046] Additionally, fan blade 302 is fixed to the end of the rotating shaft facing upstream of the flue gas, with the blades directly facing the incoming flow. A second worm gear is fixed to the other end of the rotating shaft. The transmission worm 303 passes through the wall of the flue pipe 1, forming a rotational seal with the pipe wall via a sealed bearing.

[0047] Specifically, the end of the transmission worm 303 located inside the smoke pipe 1 meshes with the second worm wheel, and the end located outside the smoke pipe 1 meshes with the first worm wheel at the end of the reciprocating screw 2033.

[0048] In addition, protective boxes 304 are provided at the connection points between the transmission worm 303 and the first worm gear and the second worm gear to protect the first worm gear and the second worm gear.

[0049] When the flue gas flows in the flue pipe 1, the airflow drives the fan blade 302 to rotate. The torque is transmitted to the reciprocating screw 2033 through the second worm gear, the transmission worm 303 and the first worm gear, so that it rotates continuously. Then, through the threaded engagement, the sliding block 2034 drives the mounting base 201 and the Pitot tube 202 to move linearly back and forth along the guide rod 2032. The pressure tap of the Pitot tube 202 forms a radial scanning line on the cross section of the flue pipe 1.

[0050] Furthermore, this device also includes a data processing unit. The data processing unit consists of a microprocessor, an analog-to-digital converter, a storage module, and a communication module integrated within the control box.

[0051] Furthermore, the input terminals of the analog-to-digital conversion module are electrically connected to the differential pressure transmitter, temperature sensor 2013, and pressure sensor 2014, respectively, to convert the differential pressure analog signal, temperature analog signal, and static pressure analog signal output by the three into digital signals.

[0052] Furthermore, the microprocessor includes a pre-built flow rate calculation model and a velocity-area integration algorithm. The flow rate calculation model is based on Bernoulli's equation:

[0053] v i =K×√(2ΔP i / ρ),

[0054] Where vi Let be the flue gas velocity (m / s) at the i-th measuring point, K be the Pitot tube coefficient (for S-type Pitot tubes, the K value is generally in the range of 0.80-0.85 and needs to be determined by calibration), and ΔP i Let ρ be the differential pressure value (Pa) at the i-th measuring point, and ρ be the flue gas density (kg / m³).

[0055] In this embodiment, the flue gas density ρ is compensated for temperature and pressure according to the ideal gas law: ρ = ρ0 × (T0 / T) × (P / P0), where ρ0 is the flue gas density under standard conditions (kg / m³, which can be taken as 1.34 kg / m³), T0 is the standard temperature (273.15 K), T is the measured absolute temperature of the flue gas (K), P is the measured absolute static pressure of the flue gas (kPa), and P0 is the standard pressure (101.325 kPa).

[0056] After completing one scanning cycle, the microprocessor integrates the flow velocity at each measuring point on the scanning trajectory according to the corresponding cross-sectional micro-element area to obtain the cross-sectional average flow velocity and flue gas volume flow rate.

[0057] The specific process of the velocity-area integral algorithm is as follows: (1) Divide the cross section of the flue pipe 1 into M sub-regions according to the equal area method (for example, divide the rectangular cross section of the flue pipe 1 into 4×4=16 equal area rectangular sub-regions); (2) According to the N sets of discrete velocity data (v1, v2, ..., v) collected by the Pitot tube 202 during the reciprocating motion, N (3) For each sub-region, the representative velocity at the center of each sub-region is calculated using a linear interpolation method; (4) For each sub-region, the representative velocity is multiplied by the area of ​​the sub-region to obtain the sub-region flow rate Q. j =v j ×A j (4) Summing the flow rates of all M sub-regions yields the total flue gas flow rate Q of the cross section. total =ΣQ j (5) Total flue gas flow rate divided by total cross-sectional area A total Obtain the cross-sectional average flow velocity v avg =Q total / A total .

[0058] Thus, the data processing unit realizes fully automatic calculation from the raw differential pressure signal to the cross-sectional average flow velocity and flue gas flow rate.

[0059] Furthermore, the storage module is used to cyclically store the raw data and calculation results with time stamps, and the communication module supports industrial interfaces such as RS-485 or 4-20mA, which can upload flow rate, velocity and diagnostic information to the upper-level distributed control system.

[0060] A distributed multi-zone flue gas velocity and flow rate measurement method, based on the aforementioned distributed multi-zone flue gas velocity and flow rate measurement device, includes the following steps:

[0061] S1. Slide the mounting base 201 into the adjusting groove of the flue pipe 1, fix the sealing curtain 2011, and ensure that the adjusting groove is completely covered and the mounting base 201 can slide freely; adjust the circumferential angle of the Pitot tube 202 so that the total pressure tap is facing the flue gas flow direction and then lock it; install the temperature sensor 2013 and the pressure sensor 2014, and connect the differential pressure transmitter, backflush pipeline and data processing unit; check the meshing state of the transmission worm 303 with the first and second worm wheels to ensure that the fan blade 302 can be driven by the flue gas to rotate flexibly.

[0062] S2. Flue gas is introduced, and the flue gas flow drives the fan blade 302 to rotate. Through the second worm gear, the transmission worm 303, and the first worm gear, the reciprocating screw 2033 is driven to rotate, which in turn drives the sliding block 2034, the mounting base 201, and the Pitot tube 202 to make linear reciprocating motion along the guide rod 2032. The Pitot tube pressure tap forms a radial scanning line on the cross section of the flue pipe 1, and continuously obtains the total pressure and static pressure at different radial positions.

[0063] S3. During the reciprocating motion of the Pitot tube 202, the differential pressure transmitter outputs a differential pressure signal in real time, and the temperature sensor 2013 and pressure sensor 2014 synchronously output flue gas temperature and static pressure signals. The data processing unit synchronously collects the above signals at a preset sampling frequency (such as 20Hz), and after analog-to-digital conversion, obtains multiple sets of differential pressure, temperature and static pressure data corresponding to each scanning position.

[0064] S4. The microprocessor calculates the flow velocity at each measuring point using a flow velocity calculation model:

[0065] v i =K×√(2ΔP i / ρ)

[0066] Wherein, ρ is compensated in real time based on measured temperature and pressure: ρ = ρ0 × (T0 / T) × (P / P0). After completing a full scan cycle, the average flow velocity and flue gas volume flow rate of the cross section are calculated using the velocity-area integral algorithm: the cross section of flue pipe 1 is divided into M sub-regions with equal area, and the central flow velocity v of each sub-region is determined using linear interpolation. j Summing the flow Q of each subregion j =v j ×A j The total flow rate is obtained, and the average flow velocity is obtained by dividing the total flow rate by the total cross-sectional area.

[0067] S5, the storage module cyclically records the original data and calculation results with time stamps; the communication module uploads the cross-sectional average flow velocity, flue gas flow rate and equipment status diagnostic information to the upper-level distributed control system via RS-485 or 4-20mA interface for use in environmental monitoring or process control.

[0068] S6. The data processing unit controls the solenoid valve on the backflush pipe 2021 to open according to the set cycle. Compressed air is pulsed into the total pressure pipe and static pressure pipe to remove the dust accumulated at the pressure tapping port. After the operation is completed, normal measurement is automatically restored.

[0069] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0070] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A distributed multi-zone flue gas velocity and flow rate measurement device, characterized in that, include: The flue pipe has an adjustment groove running through its side wall; The measuring mechanism includes a mounting base, a Pitot tube, and a reciprocating mechanism. The mounting base is slidably disposed in the adjusting groove. The Pitot tube is connected to the mounting base and one end is disposed in the flue. One end of the Pitot tube is detachably connected to a differential pressure transmitter. The reciprocating mechanism is connected to the outer wall of the flue. The mounting base is slidable on the reciprocating mechanism. A drive mechanism is connected to the inner wall of the flue and located downstream of the measuring mechanism. The drive mechanism is linked with the reciprocating mechanism and is used to drive the Pitot tube to move back and forth inside the flue.

2. The distributed multi-zone flue gas velocity and flow rate measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both sides of the mounting base are connected to sealing curtains, which are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the flue and cover the adjustment groove.

3. The distributed multi-zone flue gas velocity and flow rate measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reciprocating mechanism includes: A pair of fixing seats are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the flue; The guide rod is fixedly connected between the pair of fixed seats; A reciprocating lead screw is rotatably connected between a pair of the fixed seats and is parallel to the guide rod; A pair of sliding blocks are symmetrically connected to both sides of the mounting base. The sliding blocks are slidably mounted on the guide rod and are threadedly connected to the reciprocating lead screw.

4. The distributed multi-zone flue gas velocity and flow rate measurement device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The reciprocating lead screw is connected to a first worm gear at one end.

5. A distributed multi-zone flue gas velocity and flow rate measurement device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The drive mechanism includes: The bracket is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the flue; A rotating shaft is connected to the end of the bracket; Fan blades, connected to one end of the rotating shaft; The second worm gear is connected to the other end of the rotating shaft; A transmission worm gear passes through the inner wall of the flue and is rotatably connected to the flue. The two ends of the transmission worm gear are respectively engaged with the first worm wheel and the second worm wheel.

6. The distributed multi-zone flue gas velocity and flow rate measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that, An extension base is fixedly connected to the mounting base, and a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor are connected to the extension base.

7. The distributed multi-zone flue gas velocity and flow rate measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Pitot tube is connected to a pair of backflush pipes, which are respectively connected to the total pressure pipe of the Pitot tube and the static pressure pipe of the mounting base. The backflush pipes are equipped with solenoid valves.

8. A distributed multi-zone flue gas velocity and flow rate measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pitot tube is rotatably connected to the mounting base, and a locking screw is threaded onto the side wall of the mounting base, the locking screw corresponding to the pitot tube.

9. A distributed multi-zone flue gas velocity and flow rate measurement device according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a data processing unit, which comprises a microprocessor, an analog-to-digital converter, a storage module, and a communication module. The analog-to-digital converter is used to convert the analog signals output by the differential pressure transmitter, temperature sensor, and pressure sensor into digital signals. The microprocessor is used to calculate the flue gas velocity at each measurement point according to a preset flow velocity calculation model based on the collected differential pressure signal, temperature signal, and static pressure signal, and to calculate the average flow velocity and flue gas flow rate of the flue pipe cross-section according to the velocity-area integral algorithm. The storage module is used to store the measurement data, and the communication module is used to upload the measurement results to the host system.

10. A distributed multi-region flue gas velocity and flow rate measurement method, characterized in that, A distributed multi-zone flue gas velocity and flow rate measurement device according to any one of claims 1 to 9 includes the following steps: S1. Slide the mounting base into the adjusting groove of the flue pipe, fix the sealing curtain, and ensure that the adjusting groove is completely covered and the mounting base can slide freely; adjust the circumferential angle of the Pitot tube so that the total pressure tap is facing the flue gas flow direction and then lock it; install the temperature sensor and pressure sensor, and connect the differential pressure transmitter, backflush pipeline and data processing unit; check the meshing state of the transmission worm and the first and second worm wheels to ensure that the fan blades can be driven by the flue gas to rotate flexibly; S2. Flue gas is introduced, and the flue gas flow drives the fan blades to rotate. Through the second worm wheel, the transmission worm, and the first worm wheel, the reciprocating screw is driven to rotate, which in turn drives the sliding block, the mounting base, and the Pitot tube to make linear reciprocating motion along the guide rod. The Pitot tube pressure tap forms a radial scanning line on the cross-section of the flue pipe, continuously acquiring the total pressure and static pressure at different radial positions. S3. During the reciprocating motion of the Pitot tube, the differential pressure transmitter outputs a differential pressure signal in real time, and the temperature sensor and pressure sensor output flue gas temperature and static pressure signals synchronously. The data processing unit synchronously collects the above signals at a preset sampling frequency, and after analog-to-digital conversion, obtains multiple sets of differential pressure, temperature and static pressure data corresponding to each scanning position. S4. The microprocessor uses the velocity calculation model to calculate the velocity at each measuring point. After completing a full scan cycle, it uses the velocity-area integral algorithm to calculate the cross-sectional average velocity and flue gas volume flow rate. S5. The storage module cyclically records the original data and calculation results with time stamps; the communication module uploads the cross-sectional average flow velocity, flue gas flow rate and equipment status diagnostic information to the upper-level distributed control system. S6. The data processing unit controls the solenoid valve on the backflush pipe to open according to the set cycle. Compressed air is pulsed into the total pressure pipe and static pressure pipe to remove the dust accumulated at the pressure tapping port. After the operation is completed, normal measurement is automatically restored.

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