A method for coordinated regulation of crop water demand and water distribution in arid irrigation areas

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of agricultural irrigation control and water allocation scheduling in arid irrigation areas, and particularly to a method for coordinated regulation of crop water demand and water allocation in arid irrigation areas. The method includes: acquiring field crop data, drought level data, multi-source water supply data, and water conveyance and distribution engineering constraint data to generate a set of field water demand states including the degree of water shortage; generating a set of field-level water demand priorities by combining the crop's key growth period, water shortage sensitivity, water shortage degree, and drought level; generating multi-source availability states according to water source type, available water volume, available time period, water supply range, and field accessibility, and generating water allocation cost coefficients based on canal water conveyance losses, pump station head, and field distance; screening candidate water allocation combinations to generate a tiered water allocation strategy including information on rotational and restricted irrigation, and updating the state for the next cycle based on water supply execution feedback. This invention enables continuous connection between field water demand, water source supply, and water conveyance and distribution constraints, effectively improving the adaptability of water allocation regulation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural irrigation control and water allocation scheduling in arid irrigation areas, and particularly to a method for coordinated regulation of crop water demand and water allocation in arid irrigation areas. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of agricultural irrigation control and water allocation scheduling in arid irrigation areas, existing schemes for arid irrigation areas typically arrange irrigation based on field area, crop type, growth stage, soil moisture, water availability, and canal supply conditions, or form irrigation allocation schemes based on water supply sources such as surface water, groundwater, pumping stations, and canals. While these schemes can complete the allocation of water supply to fields, the scheduling of water supply periods, and the control of irrigation and drainage equipment under conventional irrigation scenarios, they are prone to limitations in arid scenarios with insufficient water resources and restricted water transmission and distribution. These limitations include insufficient alignment between the urgency of water demand in fields and water allocation rules, inadequate matching between the availability of multiple water sources and the accessibility of fields, and the failure of engineering constraints on water supply routes to stably participate in water allocation sequencing.

[0003] Existing solutions often rely on fixed water allocation ratios, empirical irrigation systems, calculations of water requirements for single crops, or handling of the boundary between surface water and groundwater supply. When drought levels change, crops enter critical growth stages, water reserves fluctuate, or canal water loss is abnormal, there is a lack of stable connection between field water requirements, water supply source status, and water supply path constraints. This can easily lead to incomplete selection criteria for candidate water allocation combinations and a disconnect between rotational and restricted irrigation arrangements and actual water supply conditions.

[0004] Existing technologies still have common shortcomings in the joint processing of field water demand priority, multiple water source availability, water allocation cost coefficient, and water supply execution feedback, particularly in the stages of state synchronization, water supply path matching, candidate water allocation combination ranking, and state update for the next cycle. Therefore, it is necessary to address the issue of how to formulate a tiered water allocation strategy incorporating information on rotational and restricted irrigation, and update the state for the next cycle, under conditions of insufficient water resources and limited water transmission and distribution, by focusing on the coordinated regulation of crop water demand and allocation in arid irrigation areas. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a method for the coordinated regulation of crop water demand and water allocation in arid irrigation areas, comprising: S100: Obtain field crop data, drought level data, multi-source water supply data, and water transmission and distribution project constraint data within the drought regulation cycle; associate field number, crop type, growth period, water shortage sensitivity, and soil moisture to generate a set of field water demand status containing the degree of water shortage. S200. Based on the set of water demand status of the fields and the drought level data, the fields are classified according to the key growth period of crops, water shortage sensitivity and water shortage degree, and a set of water demand priorities at the field level is generated. S300. Based on the multi-source water supply data and the water transmission and distribution project constraint data, generate the multi-source availability status according to water source type, available water volume, available time period, water supply range, and field accessibility; generate the water distribution cost coefficient according to channel water conveyance loss, pump station head, and field distance. S400: Based on the field-level water demand priority set, the availability of multiple water sources, the water allocation cost coefficient, and the drought level data, candidate water allocation combinations are screened and sorted to generate a graded water allocation strategy containing information on rotational irrigation and limited irrigation. S500: Obtain water supply execution feedback based on the graded water allocation strategy; update the set of field water demand status, multiple water source availability status and water allocation cost coefficient for the next cycle according to the actual water supply, field water volume, remaining water source and project execution status.

[0006] Furthermore, the field crop data includes field number, field area, crop type, growth period, key growth period markers, water shortage sensitivity, soil moisture, and field spatial location; the drought level data includes drought level identifier and regulation cycle identifier.

[0007] Furthermore, in S100, the set of water requirement states for fields containing the degree of water shortage is generated, including: Record the crop type, growth period, water shortage sensitivity, and soil moisture for the same plot number in the same plot record; Based on the deviation between the soil moisture level and the soil moisture range corresponding to the growth period, a water shortage level is generated and recorded in the field record.

[0008] Furthermore, in S200, the set of field-level water demand priorities includes: Generate growth period grades based on the key growth periods of the crop; Based on the data of the growth period level, water shortage sensitivity, water shortage degree and drought level, the fields are sorted to generate a set of field-level water demand priorities.

[0009] Furthermore, the multi-source water supply data includes water source type, water source number, available water volume, available time period, water supply range, and applicable water quality conditions; the water source type includes reservoirs, ponds, pumping stations, canals, groundwater, and reclaimed water; the multi-source availability status includes water source number, remaining available water volume, available time period, and reachable field range.

[0010] Furthermore, in S300, the water distribution cost coefficient includes: Establish water supply routes from water sources to fields based on water source number, water supply range, and field location; The channel water conveyance loss, pumping head and field distance in the water supply path are aggregated into the same water supply path record to generate the water distribution cost coefficient corresponding to the water supply path.

[0011] Furthermore, in S400, the candidate water allocation combination includes water source number, field number, water supply route, water supply volume, and water supply period; The screening of candidate water distribution combinations includes eliminating those with insufficient water supply, mismatched water supply time periods, unavailable water supply paths, or insufficient flow capacity of the canal sections.

[0012] Furthermore, in S400, the graded water allocation strategy containing information on rotational irrigation and restricted irrigation includes the field water supply volume, water supply period, water supply route, rotational irrigation batches, and restricted irrigation ratio; When the available water volume in the multi-source water availability state is less than the total water demand of the field, the irrigation batches are divided according to the field-level water demand priority set, and the water supply path within the same irrigation batch is determined according to the water allocation cost coefficient.

[0013] Furthermore, in S500, the water supply execution feedback includes the actual water supply, the amount of water delivered to the field, the remaining water supply, the pump station operation status, and the channel water conveyance status; The set of field water demand statuses is updated based on the actual water supply and the amount of water delivered to the fields. The set of multiple water source availability statuses is updated based on the remaining water supply. The water distribution cost coefficient is updated based on the pump station operation status and the canal water conveyance status.

[0014] Furthermore, the method also includes: The water supply volume, water supply period and water supply path of the tiered water distribution strategy are converted into execution instructions for irrigation and drainage equipment. The execution commands of the irrigation and drainage equipment are associated with water pumps, valves, and canal sections to generate execution records.

[0015] The key innovations of this invention include: (1) Drought level data, key growth period of crops, water shortage sensitivity and water shortage degree are combined in the field classification process to transform the set of field water demand status into a set of field water demand priority, and serve as the water demand side constraint for subsequent candidate water allocation combination ranking.

[0016] (2) The multi-source water supply data and the water transmission and distribution engineering constraint data are linked and processed. While forming a multi-source water supply status, the water distribution cost coefficient is generated based on the channel water transmission loss, pump station head and field distance, so that the accessibility relationship from the water source to the field and the water supply path engineering constraint are entered into the same water distribution judgment link.

[0017] (3) The set of field-level water demand priority, the availability of multiple water sources, the water allocation cost coefficient and drought level data are used together to screen and sort candidate water allocation combinations, generate a graded water allocation strategy containing information on rotational irrigation and limited irrigation, and update the set of field water demand status, the availability of multiple water sources and the water allocation cost coefficient for the next cycle in sync based on the water supply execution feedback.

[0018] The following are its main beneficial effects: (1) In response to the problem of insufficient connection between the urgency of water demand in the field and the water allocation ranking in the existing scheme, by converting the key growth period of crops, water shortage sensitivity, water shortage degree and drought level into a set of field-level water demand priorities, the candidate water allocation combination can refer to the clear field water demand ranking basis, and reduce the ranking deviation caused by water allocation based solely on area, experience irrigation system or single water demand.

[0019] (2) To address the problem of insufficient matching between the availability of multiple water sources and the reachability of fields, and the lack of participation of engineering constraints in water supply routes, the water source type, available water volume, available time period, water supply range and reachability of fields are introduced in the process of generating the availability of multiple water sources. In addition, the water distribution cost coefficient is formed by combining channel water conveyance loss, pumping station head and field distance, so that the water supply route screening can simultaneously reflect the water source supply conditions and water distribution constraints.

[0020] (3) To address the problem of the disconnect between the rotational irrigation and limited irrigation arrangements and the actual water supply conditions, and the lag in updating the status of the next cycle, the field-level water demand priority set, the availability of multiple water sources and the water allocation cost coefficient are used together to screen and rank candidate water allocation combinations. The status of the next cycle is updated based on the actual water supply, the amount of water delivered to the field, the remaining amount of water source and the status of project execution, so that the hierarchical water allocation strategy and the subsequent regulation cycle are continuously connected. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for coordinated regulation of crop water demand and water distribution in arid irrigation areas, as provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0022] Example 1: Refer to Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for coordinated regulation of crop water demand and water allocation in arid irrigation areas, provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The process may include at least steps S100-S500: S100: Obtain field crop data, drought level data, multi-source water supply data, and water transmission and distribution project constraint data within the drought regulation cycle; associate field number, crop type, growth period, water shortage sensitivity, and soil moisture to generate a set of field water demand status containing the degree of water shortage. S200. Based on the set of water demand status of the fields and the drought level data, the fields are classified according to the key growth period of crops, water shortage sensitivity and water shortage degree, and a set of water demand priorities at the field level is generated. S300. Based on the multi-source water supply data and the water transmission and distribution project constraint data, generate the multi-source availability status according to water source type, available water volume, available time period, water supply range, and field accessibility; generate the water distribution cost coefficient according to channel water conveyance loss, pump station head, and field distance. S400: Based on the field-level water demand priority set, the availability of multiple water sources, the water allocation cost coefficient, and the drought level data, candidate water allocation combinations are screened and sorted to generate a graded water allocation strategy containing information on rotational irrigation and limited irrigation. S500: Obtain water supply execution feedback based on the graded water allocation strategy; update the set of field water demand status, multiple water source availability status and water allocation cost coefficient for the next cycle according to the actual water supply, field water volume, remaining water source and project execution status.

[0023] S100: Obtain field crop data, drought level data, multi-source water supply data, and water conveyance and distribution project constraint data within the drought regulation cycle; correlate field number, crop type, growth stage, water shortage sensitivity, and soil moisture to generate a set of field water demand statuses including water shortage levels. In this embodiment, the method is executed by the irrigation district water allocation and control platform, which is communicatively connected to the irrigation district field archive, crop planting ledger, soil moisture monitoring station, water source dispatch system, pump station operation system, and canal water measurement facilities. The drought control cycle can be configured according to the irrigation district water allocation cycle, daily dispatch cycle, ten-day dispatch cycle, or drought early warning cycle. When the irrigation district enters a preset drought level, or when the total available water from multiple water sources in the current cycle is lower than the sum of the field water demand, the irrigation district water allocation and control platform initiates the data reading process in this step. For manually entered field crop data, the platform first checks whether the field number already exists in the field archive; for automatically collected soil moisture data, the platform matches it to the corresponding field according to the collection time and field spatial location.

[0024] Field crop data includes field number, field area, crop type, growth period, key growth period markers, water shortage sensitivity, soil moisture, and field spatial location. The field number serves as the primary associated object for the field crop data. Crop type and growth period are derived from crop planting records or field surveys. Key growth period markers can be obtained by matching crop type and sowing date in a crop growth period rule table. Water shortage sensitivity can be obtained from crop type, growth period, and local irrigation system configuration. Soil moisture data comes from field sensors, field monitoring stations, or manual survey records. Drought level data includes drought level indicators and regulation cycle indicators. Drought level indicators can be formed from meteorological drought data, soil moisture zoning statistics, or irrigation district water supply-demand ratios.

[0025] Multi-source water supply data serves as the foundational input for generating the availability status of multiple water sources in this step. Data sources include reservoir scheduling systems, pond and dam water level records, pump station operation systems, canal water measurement points, groundwater well monitoring data, and reclaimed water supply records. Water transmission and distribution engineering constraint data comes from canal system basic archives and real-time operational data, including water supply paths, canal water conveyance losses, canal flow capacity, pump station head, pump station flow limit, field distances, and the availability status of water supply paths. When reading the above data, the platform uses the same control cycle identifier as the time reference; for data with inconsistent collection times, the most recent valid record within the control cycle is used as the record participating in the processing of this cycle, while retaining the original collection time for subsequent verification and execution feedback.

[0026] When generating a set of field water requirement statuses including water shortage levels, the platform first uses the field number as an index to write the crop type, growth stage, water shortage sensitivity, and soil moisture corresponding to the same field number into the same field record. If multiple soil moisture values ​​appear for the same field within the same regulation cycle, the platform filters them according to the collection location and time. When multiple collection values ​​are valid, the average of the valid collection points within the field is taken as the soil moisture level for that field. If a collection point exceeds the sensor's range or its difference from adjacent collection points exceeds the preset calibration range, that collection point is marked as an abnormal collection point and is not included in the water shortage level calculation.

[0027] The degree of water shortage is generated based on the deviation between soil moisture and the soil moisture range corresponding to the growth stage. Specifically, the platform reads the current crop type and the soil moisture range corresponding to the current growth stage from the crop growth stage rule table; when the soil moisture of a field is lower than the lower limit of the range, the platform writes the difference or classification result of the two into the field record as the degree of water shortage; when the soil moisture of a field is within the range, the degree of water shortage is written as normal; when the soil moisture of a field is higher than the upper limit of the range, the platform does not prioritize water allocation for that field in this cycle, but still retains the field record so that subsequent steps have complete field boundaries when performing total amount verification.

[0028] When field crop data is missing fields, the platform handles it differently depending on the field's impact on subsequent steps. If the field number is missing, the record cannot be linked to irrigation systems and water sources; the platform writes it to the pending review record and does not include it in the field's water requirement status set. If the crop type or growth period is missing, the platform retrieves crop records from the previous regulation cycle for comparison. If the field planting record has not changed in the current cycle, the corresponding field from the previous regulation cycle is used, and a review marker is generated. If soil moisture is missing, the platform can reference the most recent valid moisture record for the same field or temporarily fill in the gap by calling moisture records from adjacent fields with the same crop growth period, retaining the data source marker in the field record. The generated field water requirement status set includes the field number, crop type, growth period, water shortage sensitivity, soil moisture, water shortage degree, and regulation cycle identifier. This field water requirement status set is input into S200 as the calculation input for the field-level water requirement priority set.

[0029] S200. Based on the set of water requirement statuses for the fields and the drought level data, classify the fields according to the key growth stages of crops, water shortage sensitivity, and water shortage degree, and generate a set of field-level water requirement priorities: After S100 generates a set of field water demand statuses, the irrigation district water allocation and control platform calls the field water demand priority generation module to process the field records within the current control cycle. This module does not directly allocate water based on field area; instead, it first combines factors such as whether the field is in a critical growth stage of the crop, the crop's water shortage sensitivity, and the degree of water shortage to create a sortable water supply level for each field under water-scarce conditions. Drought level data participates in this grading process, with different grading rules corresponding to mild, moderate, severe, or extreme drought conditions for the same crop.

[0030] After reading the water requirement status set of each field, the platform first generates a growth stage level based on the crop's critical growth stage markers. Fields in the seedling, jointing, flowering, pollination, grain-filling stages, or those marked as critical stages according to the local irrigation system, are assigned a higher growth stage level. Fields in non-critical growth stages with normal water shortage levels are assigned a lower growth stage level. The critical growth stages for different crops are not fixed in the method but are configured by a crop growth stage rule table. When irrigation district managers adjust the crop system or crop variety, the critical growth stage markers in the rule table are updated accordingly. This step reads the updated rules without altering subsequent processing steps.

[0031] Water shortage sensitivity serves as another constraint for field classification in this step. Specifically, the platform pairs water shortage sensitivity with the degree of water shortage; when a field has high crop water shortage sensitivity and a severe water shortage level, the field is placed in the priority queue for ranking; when water shortage sensitivity is low but the degree of water shortage is high, the platform retains the degree of water shortage result but does not place it in the highest level solely based on the degree of water shortage. This processing allows crop differences under the same degree of water shortage to be considered in the subsequent water allocation screening process, avoiding subsequent steps from ranking water supply solely based on soil moisture values.

[0032] Drought level data is used to adjust field grading boundaries. In one implementation, when the drought level is moderate, the platform uses the growth stage level and water shortage degree corresponding to yield protection as the main sorting criteria; when the drought level is severe, the platform elevates fields corresponding to seedling protection and critical crop growth stages to the same candidate priority interval; when the drought level is extreme, the platform establishes separate grading sequences for seedling protection fields, water-sensitive fields in critical growth stages, and fields with preset protected crops. The above processing does not output management targets, but rather forms a set of field-level water demand priorities that can be invoked by the S400.

[0033] When conflicts arise in the water requirement status set of a field, the platform verifies the data according to the time sequence and data source within the regulation cycle. For example, if the same field is shown as corn in the crop planting ledger but the remote sensing identification result shows another crop, the platform first reads the manually confirmed crop data for the field. If no manually confirmed record exists, the field is added to the verification queue and temporarily classified according to the crop type of the previous regulation cycle. If the difference between the soil moisture data and the field inspection record exceeds a preset range, the platform retains the water shortage level that is less favorable to crop water supply security and generates a verification pending mark for the field. The verification pending mark does not change the field's eligibility to enter subsequent water allocation combinations, but it can be used as a manual verification entry point when S400 screens candidate water allocation combinations.

[0034] After the field-level water demand priority set is formed, each field record retains at least the field number, water demand priority, water shortage degree, growth period level, and drought level identifier. S300 does not directly use the field-level water demand priority set, but S400 uses it as the main input for ranking candidate water allocation combinations. Therefore, the priority results output in this step need to maintain a stable correspondence with the field number. Subsequently, after the multiple water source availability status and water allocation cost coefficient are formed, the platform matches the water demand side results with the water supply side results based on the same field number.

[0035] S300. Based on the multi-source water supply data and the water transmission and distribution project constraint data, generate a multi-source availability status according to water source type, available water volume, available time period, water supply range, and field accessibility; generate a water distribution cost coefficient based on channel water conveyance loss, pump station head, and field distance. S300 is executed collaboratively by a multi-source water availability status generation module and a water distribution cost calculation module. The multi-source water availability status generation module reads the multi-source water supply data obtained in S100 and aggregates it according to water source type, water source number, available water volume, available time period, water supply range, and applicable water quality conditions within the current drought control cycle. The water source types include reservoirs, ponds, pumping stations, canals, groundwater, and reclaimed water. Because different water sources have different water supply methods, scheduling time periods, and reachability, the platform does not simply add the different water sources together, but first establishes the independent availability status of each water source within the current cycle.

[0036] In one implementation, the available water supply for reservoirs and ponds comes from water level records and scheduling allocations; the available water supply for pumping stations comes from their operating status and flow limits; the available water supply for canals comes from canal measurement points and flow capacity; the available water supply for groundwater comes from groundwater well availability data; and the available water supply for reclaimed water comes from reclaimed water supply records. For reclaimed water, the platform also reads water quality suitability conditions; when reclaimed water is unsuitable as an irrigation source for a certain type of crop or a specific growth stage, the water source will not establish a reachability relationship with the corresponding field. The above availability status is stored according to regulation cycle identifiers, allowing the remaining available water supply from the same water source to be distinguished in different cycles.

[0037] The reachability of fields is established based on the water source number, water supply range, and field spatial location. The platform first reads the water supply path from the water source to the main channel, the last-level channel, and the field from the basic canal system file; for groundwater wells and reclaimed water supply points, the platform reads their service range and connecting canal sections; for paths requiring pumping stations, the platform verifies the pumping station's operating status and head data. If a field is within the water supply range but the connecting canal section is marked as unavailable, the platform does not write that path into the reachability relationship; if a backup water supply path exists, the platform retains the backup path and records its path type, enabling S400 to process the main path and backup path separately when screening candidate water distribution combinations.

[0038] After generating a multi-source water availability status, the water distribution cost calculation module calculates the water distribution cost coefficient from the water source to the field based on the water transmission and distribution engineering constraint data. The platform first establishes a water supply path record based on the water source number, water supply range, and field spatial location. Then, it aggregates the channel water conveyance loss, pump head, and field distance in the water supply path into the same water supply path record. Channel water conveyance loss can be derived from historical channel loss coefficients, current flow monitoring values, or water measurement results for the current period; pump head comes from the pump station operation system; and field distance can be determined based on the water supply path length or the canal system path distance from the water source to the field. The water distribution cost coefficient is used to represent the differences in water transmission and distribution constraints when supplying water from the same water source to different fields, and also to represent the path differences when supplying water from different water sources to the same field.

[0039] The calculation of the water distribution cost coefficient is not limited to a single formula. In one implementation, the platform first converts channel water conveyance loss, pump station head, and field distance into level values ​​in the same direction according to a preset grading rule, and then synthesizes them according to the weights allocated to the irrigation district to form the water distribution cost coefficient corresponding to the water supply path. In another implementation, the platform can directly establish a sorting rule in the order of channel water conveyance loss first, pump station head second, and field distance as a supplement. Regardless of the calculation method used, the output results are based on the water supply path record and correspond to the water source number, field number, and water supply path.

[0040] When the available water supply of a certain water source is insufficient or its status conflicts, the platform first checks the remaining available water supply of that water source in the previous control cycle and the inflow and outflow records for the current cycle. If the available water supply for the current cycle cannot be determined, the water source is marked as a source to be checked in the current cycle and will not participate in the generation of candidate water allocation combinations. If the pumping station's operating status shows that it is out of service, the channel's water conveyance status shows that it is blocked, or the channel's flow capacity is insufficient, the platform will mark the corresponding water supply path as unavailable; if only the channel's water conveyance loss is abnormally high, the platform will retain the path but increase the corresponding water allocation cost coefficient or place it in a lower ranking. S300 finally outputs the availability status of multiple water sources and the water allocation cost coefficient, and S400 uses these two data points together with the field-level water demand priority set formed by S200 for candidate water allocation combination screening.

[0041] S400: Based on the field-level water demand priority set, the availability of multiple water sources, the water allocation cost coefficient, and the drought level data, candidate water allocation combinations are screened and sorted to generate a graded water allocation strategy containing information on rotational irrigation and limited irrigation. In S400, the irrigation district water allocation and control platform matches the field-level water demand priority set output by S200 with the multi-source water availability status and water allocation cost coefficient output by S300. This step is executed by the hierarchical water allocation strategy generation module. The processing object is no longer a single field or a single water source, but rather candidate water allocation combinations between water sources and fields. The candidate water allocation combinations include water source number, field number, water supply path, water supply volume, and water supply time period. Each candidate water allocation combination corresponds to an executable water supply option, which the platform filters and sorts accordingly.

[0042] The formation of candidate water allocation combinations begins with accessibility. The platform reads the range of accessible fields from the multiple water source availability status and matches it with the field number in the field-level water demand priority set. If a match is successful, the platform generates candidate water allocation combinations based on the available water volume, available time period, and water supply path of the water source. If multiple water sources are available for the same field, the platform generates multiple candidate water allocation combinations for each field. If the same water source is available for multiple fields, the platform uses the remaining available water volume of the water source as a total constraint to avoid repeatedly using the same water source's supply in subsequent sorting.

[0043] When screening candidate water allocation combinations, the platform first eliminates those with insufficient water supply, mismatched water supply periods, unavailable water supply paths, or insufficient canal flow capacity. Insufficient water supply means the water supply in a candidate combination exceeds the remaining water supply of the water source for the current cycle, or exceeds the water supply of the water source during the corresponding water supply period. Mismatched water supply periods mean the water demand period of the field does not overlap with the water supply period of the water source. Unavailable water supply paths mean the corresponding path in S300 has been marked as unavailable. Insufficient canal flow capacity means the total flow of candidate combinations passing through the same canal segment within the same time period exceeds the canal segment's flow capacity. For combinations eliminated due to mismatched water supply periods, the platform can re-match adjacent water supply periods when dividing subsequent irrigation batches.

[0044] The sorting process simultaneously references the field-level water demand priority set and the water allocation cost coefficient. The platform first determines the grading rules for the current cycle based on drought level data. When the drought level is low, the platform can use both the field water demand priority and the water allocation cost coefficient as the sorting criteria. When the drought level is high and multiple water sources are insufficient, the platform first determines the field water supply order based on the field-level water demand priority, and then sorts the available water supply paths within the same priority level according to the water allocation cost coefficient. This approach ensures that fields in critical crop growth stages and with high water scarcity sensitivity are included in the preceding water allocation sequence, while avoiding the selection of water supply paths with significantly unfavorable engineering constraints within the same priority level.

[0045] The tiered water allocation strategy, which includes information on rotational and restricted irrigation, comprises the water supply volume per field, water supply period, water supply route, rotational irrigation batches, and restricted irrigation ratio. When the available water volume in a multi-source water supply scenario is less than the total water demand of the fields, the platform no longer allocates the same proportion of water to all fields. Instead, it divides the rotational irrigation batches according to the field-level water demand priority set. Fields with higher priority are placed in earlier rotational irrigation batches; fields with lower priority and higher allocation cost coefficients can be placed in later batches or configured with higher restricted irrigation ratios. For fields within the same rotational irrigation batch, the platform determines the water supply route based on the allocation cost coefficient and verifies the channel flow capacity and pump station operating status within the same water supply period.

[0046] When manual verification tags, abnormal field tags, or abnormal water supply path tags are involved in S400, the platform will not directly delete the corresponding field, but will process them according to the tag type. If the crop type of a field needs to be verified but the water shortage level is high, the platform can retain the candidate water allocation combination for that field and add a verification prompt to the graded water allocation strategy; if there is an abnormal channel loss in the water supply path, the platform retains the candidate combination for that path, but the water allocation cost coefficient of that path is sorted according to the abnormal status; if the pump station status is abnormal and there is no backup water supply path, the platform will remove the candidate combination that depends on that pump station and add the affected field to the set to be rematched.

[0047] After the tiered water allocation strategy is established, the platform uses the field water supply volume, water supply time period, and water supply route as the basis for subsequent execution, and uses the rotational irrigation batches and restricted irrigation ratios as the water supply constraints under drought levels. For irrigation districts connected to automatic control equipment, the platform can convert the field water supply volume, water supply time period, and water supply route in the tiered water allocation strategy into execution instructions for irrigation and drainage equipment, and associate the execution instructions with water pumps, valves, and canal sections to generate execution records. For irrigation districts that still require manual scheduling, the platform retains the same field structure and outputs it as a scheduling document. Regardless of the execution method used, the S500 receives water supply execution feedback based on this tiered water allocation strategy.

[0048] S500: Obtain water supply execution feedback based on the aforementioned tiered water allocation strategy; update the set of field water demand status, multiple water source availability status, and water allocation cost coefficient for the next cycle based on the actual water supply, field water volume, remaining water source, and project execution status. S500 is activated after the tiered water distribution strategy is implemented and is processed by the execution feedback update module. This module receives water supply execution feedback from pumps, valves, canal metering points, field water arrival records, and inspection records. The water supply execution feedback includes actual water supply volume, field water arrival volume, remaining water supply, pump station operating status, and canal water conveyance status. For irrigation areas with a high degree of automation, the actual water supply volume can come from pump station outlet metering and canal metering facilities; for manually scheduled irrigation areas, field water arrival volume can be generated from field metering points or inspection records. The platform compares the feedback data with the tiered water distribution strategy in S400 according to field number, water source number, water supply path, and water supply time period.

[0049] The platform first verifies the actual water supply against the planned water supply in the tiered water distribution strategy. If the actual water supply is lower than the planned water supply, the platform reads the difference and locates the corresponding water source and water supply path. If the actual water supply reaches the planned water supply but the water reaching the fields is insufficient, the platform attributes the deviation to the water transmission and distribution process, which will be used to correct channel water transmission losses or water supply path status later. If neither the actual water supply nor the water reaching the fields generates effective feedback, the platform temporarily retains the planned water supply in S400 and generates a feedback missing marker for that water supply combination. Before entering the next cycle, the feedback missing marker needs to be verified together with the remaining water source and the channel water transmission status.

[0050] The update of the field water demand status set is based on the actual water supply and the amount of water reaching the field. Specifically, the platform compares the amount of water reaching the field with the water supply for that field under the tiered water allocation strategy. When the amount of water reaching the field is lower than the water supply, the platform includes the missing water in the water shortage correction item for the field in the next cycle. When the amount of water reaching the field is the same as the water supply, the platform updates the field record according to the water supply completion status of this cycle. When the amount of water reaching the field is higher than the water supply, the platform uses the excess as the object for checking the water demand status in the next cycle and compares it with the subsequent soil moisture data collected for that field. Through the above processing, the field water demand status set for the next cycle no longer depends solely on the newly collected soil moisture data, but also reflects the actual water arrival situation in the previous cycle.

[0051] The availability status of multiple water sources is updated based on the remaining water volume. After reading the remaining water volume, the platform compares it with the available water volume of that source in S300 and the allocated water supply in S400. If the remaining water volume matches the theoretical remaining volume, the platform writes the remaining water volume into the availability status of multiple water sources for the next cycle; if the remaining water volume is lower than the theoretical remaining volume, the platform generates a water source deviation record based on the difference and reduces the available water volume of that source in the next cycle; if the remaining water volume is higher than the theoretical remaining volume, the platform retains the actual remaining water volume and checks for any unexecuted water supply combinations or metering delays. For groundwater wells and reclaimed water supply points, the platform also checks whether they should continue to participate in water allocation combinations in the next cycle, taking into account water intake constraints and water quality suitability conditions.

[0052] The water distribution cost coefficient is updated based on the project execution status. Pump station operating status includes start / stop status, operating period, head status, and flow rate status; channel water conveyance status includes channel accessibility, flow rate at measuring points, channel water conveyance loss, and abnormal inspection information. When insufficient pump head leads to a lower actual water supply, the platform will increase the water distribution cost coefficient corresponding to the water supply path relying on that pump station or mark it as a restricted path; when channel water conveyance loss exceeds the current cycle's configuration value, the platform will recalculate the water distribution cost coefficient for the water supply path involving that channel segment; when the channel accessibility status shows unavailable, the platform will exclude the corresponding water supply path from the candidate water distribution combinations for the next cycle until a new channel water conveyance status is restored to validity.

[0053] In one implementation, the platform directly uses the updated results from S500 as input for the next drought control cycles S100 and S300. The updated set of field water demand statuses enters the field water demand status identification process for the next cycle, the updated multi-source water availability status enters the multi-source aggregation process for the next cycle, and the updated water allocation cost coefficient enters the candidate water allocation combination screening process for the next cycle. For fields, water sources, or water supply paths marked with manual verification, the platform reads the verification results before the start of the next cycle; records that have completed verification participate in the next cycle processing according to the new status, while records that have not completed verification participate in the sorting according to the conservative status of the previous cycle.

[0054] When feedback from water supply execution results in timeouts or data conflicts, the platform does not directly overwrite the status of the previous cycle. Specifically, if the pump station operation record shows that water has been supplied, but the field water arrival record is empty, the platform first marks the field as pending water arrival verification and compares the field's moisture changes after the next soil moisture collection. If the canal water meter shows abnormal water supply, but the pump station's output is normal, the platform attributes the discrepancy to the canal's water conveyance status and subsequently updates the water distribution cost coefficient for the water supply path passing through that canal section. If the remaining water source is inconsistent with multiple metering data, the platform retains the original record of the remaining water source and suspends the generation of new water supply combinations for that water source until a new water source scheduling record is obtained. Through the above feedback processing, the execution results of the tiered water distribution strategy can enter the status update process of the next cycle and maintain a corresponding relationship with the field, water source, and water supply path.

Claims

1. A method for coordinated regulation of crop water demand and water allocation in arid irrigation areas, characterized in that, include: S100: Obtain field crop data, drought level data, multi-source water supply data, and water transmission and distribution project constraint data during the drought regulation cycle; By associating field number, crop type, growth stage, water shortage sensitivity, and soil moisture, a set of field water requirement statuses with varying degrees of water shortage is generated. S200. Based on the set of water demand status of the fields and the drought level data, the fields are classified according to the key growth period of crops, water shortage sensitivity and water shortage degree, and a set of water demand priorities at the field level is generated. S300. Based on the multi-source water supply data and the water transmission and distribution project constraint data, generate the multi-source availability status according to water source type, available water volume, available time period, water supply range, and field accessibility; generate the water distribution cost coefficient according to channel water conveyance loss, pump station head, and field distance. S400: Based on the field-level water demand priority set, the availability of multiple water sources, the water allocation cost coefficient, and the drought level data, candidate water allocation combinations are screened and sorted to generate a graded water allocation strategy containing information on rotational irrigation and limited irrigation. S500: Obtain water supply execution feedback based on the graded water allocation strategy; update the set of field water demand status, multiple water source availability status and water allocation cost coefficient for the next cycle according to the actual water supply, field water volume, remaining water source and project execution status.

2. The method for coordinated regulation of crop water demand and water distribution in arid irrigation areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The field crop data includes field number, field area, crop type, growth period, key growth period markers, water shortage sensitivity, soil moisture, and field spatial location; the drought level data includes drought level identifier and regulation cycle identifier.

3. The method for coordinated regulation of crop water demand and water allocation in arid irrigation areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S100, the set of water demand states for fields containing the degree of water shortage includes: Record the crop type, growth period, water shortage sensitivity, and soil moisture for the same plot number in the same plot record; Based on the deviation between the soil moisture level and the soil moisture range corresponding to the growth period, a water shortage level is generated and recorded in the field record.

4. The method for coordinated regulation of crop water demand and water distribution in arid irrigation areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S200, the generated field-level water demand priority set includes: Generate growth period grades based on the key growth periods of the crop; Based on the data of the growth period level, water shortage sensitivity, water shortage degree and drought level, the fields are sorted to generate a set of field-level water demand priorities.

5. The method for coordinated regulation of crop water demand and water allocation in arid irrigation areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-source water supply data includes water source type, water source number, available water volume, available time period, water supply range, and applicable water quality conditions; the water source type includes reservoirs, ponds, pumping stations, canals, groundwater, and reclaimed water; the multi-source availability status includes water source number, remaining available water volume, available time period, and reachable field range.

6. The method for coordinated regulation of crop water demand and water distribution in arid irrigation areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S300, the water distribution cost coefficients include: Establish water supply routes from water sources to fields based on water source number, water supply range, and field location; The channel water conveyance loss, pumping head and field distance in the water supply path are aggregated into the same water supply path record to generate the water distribution cost coefficient corresponding to the water supply path.

7. The method for coordinated regulation of crop water demand and water allocation in arid irrigation areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S400, the candidate water allocation combination includes water source number, field number, water supply path, water supply volume and water supply period; screening the candidate water allocation combination includes eliminating candidate water allocation combinations that have insufficient water supply volume, mismatched water supply period, unavailable water supply path or insufficient flow capacity of canal section.

8. The method for coordinated regulation of crop water demand and water distribution in arid irrigation areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S400, the graded water allocation strategy containing information on rotational irrigation and limited irrigation includes the water supply volume of the field, the water supply period, the water supply path, the rotational irrigation batches, and the limited irrigation ratio; when the available water volume in the multi-source water availability state is less than the total water demand of the field, the rotational irrigation batches are divided according to the set of water demand priorities at the field level, and the water supply path within the same rotational irrigation batch is determined according to the water allocation cost coefficient.

9. The method for coordinated regulation of crop water demand and water distribution in arid irrigation areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S500, the water supply execution feedback includes actual water supply, water arrival in the field, remaining water supply, pump station operation status, and channel water conveyance status; the set of field water demand status is updated based on actual water supply and water arrival in the field, the status of multiple water sources available is updated based on remaining water supply, and the water distribution cost coefficient is updated based on pump station operation status and channel water conveyance status.

10. The method for coordinated regulation of crop water demand and water allocation in arid irrigation areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: The water supply volume, water supply period and water supply path of the tiered water distribution strategy are converted into execution instructions for irrigation and drainage equipment. The execution commands of the irrigation and drainage equipment are associated with water pumps, valves, and canal sections to generate execution records.

Images