Controllable self-power generation power supply system

Abstract

The application discloses a controllable self-power generation power supply system and relates to the technical field of self-power generation power supply.The application comprises a battery body and a voltage regulation module.The battery body is prepared by adopting a positive electrode-membrane-negative electrode three-layer compression integrated structure, arbitrary liquid activation is realized through porous structure design, and the voltage regulation module integrates a DC-DC converter and multi-gear voltage stabilization, overvoltage and overcurrent protection functions.The application breaks through the limitations of traditional self-power generation equipment, such as dependence on standard water sources, uncontrollable power generation and insufficient power supply safety, can realize the technical effects of loose activation conditions, accurate controllable power generation and stable and safe power supply, avoids equipment damage risks through an overvoltage and overcurrent protection mechanism, breaks the limitations of poor scene adaptability, low power generation efficiency and insufficient safety of existing emergency power supply equipment, can reduce energy waste and equipment loss, guarantees continuous and stable power supply of equipment in various emergency scenes, and improves the practical value and popularization and application level of emergency power supply equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of self-generated power supply technology, specifically a controllable self-generated power supply system. Background Technology

[0002] In special scenarios such as outdoor exploration, disaster relief, and military operations, traditional power supply equipment has obvious limitations: energy storage devices such as dry batteries and storage batteries have limited capacity and are difficult to replenish power in environments lacking charging conditions; renewable energy power supply systems such as solar power generation and wind power generation are greatly affected by weather and environmental factors and lack stability.

[0003] While some emergency power supply devices based on chemical battery principles can achieve "instant power," they suffer from drawbacks such as poor conductivity of electrode materials, low power generation efficiency, stringent activation conditions (e.g., requiring specific electrolyte concentrations), and unstable output voltage. For example, traditional zinc-manganese batteries rely on fixed electrolyte encapsulation, rendering them unusable once the electrolyte is depleted. Some water-activated batteries, on the other hand, have high requirements for water sources, such as requiring purified water, and their electrodes are prone to powdering and have short lifespans, making them unsuitable for the reliability requirements of long-term outdoor emergency use and military backup scenarios.

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention designs a water-activated self-generating power system with an ultra-thin stainless steel sheet as the positive electrode substrate, a high-purity zinc sheet as the negative electrode, and a spunlace nonwoven fabric diaphragm. By optimizing the electrode material formula and structural design, it achieves functions such as "generating power upon contact with any water source," "power generation is controllable according to the area of ​​moisture," and "stable voltage output," filling the technological gap of efficient and controllable self-generated power supply in outdoor, emergency, and military scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a controllable self-generated power supply system, which solves the problems existing in the background art.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: The present invention provides a controllable self-generated power supply system, characterized in that it includes a battery body and a voltage regulation module.

[0007] The battery body is formed by fabricating a positive electrode assembly, a negative electrode assembly, and a separator assembly, and by using a three-layer pressed integrated structure of positive electrode-separator-negative electrode to form the battery body. The voltage regulation module is used to weld the voltage regulation module to the battery body through wires to complete the system assembly, and to perform activation test, power generation control test, voltage regulation test and safety protection test through the voltage regulation module.

[0008] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: (1) This invention adopts a three-layer integrated structure of positive electrode-separator-negative electrode and a porous surface design, which does not rely on a specific standard water source. It can be activated with any liquid, making it perfectly suitable for emergency scenarios such as outdoor exploration, disaster relief, and military operations where there is a lack of stable water supply. This greatly expands the applicable environment of the equipment. At the same time, the system can accurately control the power generation and current by adjusting the moisture-absorbing area of ​​the battery body, effectively avoiding the problem of power waste or insufficient power supply, and realizing precise power supply on demand. With a DC-DC converter that integrates overvoltage and overcurrent protection, the system can efficiently convert the unstable voltage output by the battery into a multi-level stable voltage, which is compatible with various electrical devices such as mobile phones, walkie-talkies, and emergency lights. At the same time, it monitors the circuit operation status in real time, effectively avoiding the risk of damage to the system and load equipment caused by abnormal load and short circuit. It takes into account the power supply flexibility, adaptability and safety of use, and provides a reliable self-power supply solution for various emergency scenarios.

[0009] (2) This invention achieves the core advantages of high reliability, long lifespan, and multi-scenario adaptability through material and process optimization and full-process performance verification. The positive electrode coating adopts a high-temperature adhesion process to ensure that it does not shed powder after long-term use. The negative electrode zinc sheet is treated with immersion to enhance its anti-oxidation performance. The diaphragm adopts a dry-stored solid zinc sulfate electrolyte structure, which is not easy to deteriorate or fail. Multiple material and structural optimizations enable the system to be used more than 50 times, fully meeting the needs of long-term emergency reserves and repeated use, and significantly reducing the cost of equipment use and maintenance. At the same time, the system is equipped with a full-process verification mechanism of activation test, power generation control test, voltage stabilization test and safety protection test to ensure the stable and reliable performance of each link and avoid the risk of failure from the source. This system can be widely used in various scenarios such as mobile charging for outdoor adventure, emergency lighting for disaster relief, and power supply for communication equipment in military operations. It can achieve self-powered power supply without external power supply, which is highly practical and adaptable to the power supply needs of various emergency and outdoor scenarios, and has extremely high promotion and application value. Attached Figure Description

[0010] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0011] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system structure connection of the present invention.

[0012] Figure 2 This is a battery structure diagram of the present invention.

[0013] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the series module of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0014] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0015] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides a controllable self-generating power supply system, characterized in that it includes a battery body and a voltage regulation module.

[0016] The battery body is formed by fabricating a positive electrode assembly, a negative electrode assembly, and a separator assembly, and by using a three-layer pressed integrated structure of positive electrode-separator-negative electrode to form the battery body. In the above embodiments, the specific method for preparing the positive electrode assembly, negative electrode assembly, and separator assembly is as follows: Ultra-thin stainless steel sheets were selected as the positive electrode substrate. Graphene, carbon nanotubes, electrolytic manganese dioxide, and conductive binders were mixed to form a positive electrode coating. Graphene and carbon nanotubes formed a three-dimensional conductive network, improving the conductivity of the positive electrode. Electrolytic manganese dioxide served as an active material, enhancing the efficiency of the electrochemical reaction. The conductive binder ensured a tight bond between the coating and the substrate. N-methylpyrrolidone solvent was added and stirred to form a uniform slurry. The slurry was then uniformly coated onto the surface of the ultra-thin stainless steel sheet and baked in an oven. After cooling, the positive electrode assembly was obtained. High-purity zinc sheets were selected as the negative electrode material. The zinc sheets were immersed in a zinc sulfate solution, removed, and dried at room temperature to obtain the negative electrode assembly. Spunlace nonwoven fabric was selected as the separator material. The spunlace nonwoven fabric was immersed in a zinc sulfate aqueous solution to fully absorb the zinc sulfate electrolyte. The immersed nonwoven fabric was then dried in an oven to obtain a dry separator containing solid zinc sulfate electrolyte, resulting in a dried separator assembly.

[0017] It should be noted that the preparation of the positive electrode component in this embodiment requires strict control of material ratio and process parameters. Specifically, an ultra-thin stainless steel sheet with a thickness of 0.1-0.3 mm is selected as the positive electrode substrate. Graphene, carbon nanotubes, electrolytic manganese dioxide, and conductive binder are accurately weighed in a mass ratio of 12:6:78:4 to prepare the positive electrode coating. Graphene and carbon nanotubes synergistically form a three-dimensional conductive network, which can improve the conductivity of the positive electrode by more than 30%. Electrolytic manganese dioxide, as an active material, can enhance the efficiency of electrochemical reaction. After the conductive binder is dissolved in N-methylpyrrolidone solvent, the bonding strength between the coating and the stainless steel substrate can be increased by 50%, avoiding the problem of coating peeling off after long-term use. The coating thickness is controlled at 0.05-0.1 mm. After coating, it is baked in an oven at 120-150℃ for 2-3 hours. In this embodiment, it is preferred to bake at 130℃ for 2.5 hours to ensure that the coating adheres at high temperature and does not shed powder. After cooling, the preparation of the positive electrode component is completed.

[0018] It should be noted that: high-purity zinc sheets with a purity of ≥99.99% are selected as the negative electrode material for the preparation of the negative electrode component. They are soaked in a 0.5-1 mol / L zinc sulfate solution for 20-30 minutes. In this embodiment, a 0.8 mol / L zinc sulfate solution is used for soaking for 25 minutes, which can form a dense zinc ion protective film on the surface of the zinc sheet, improving the oxidation resistance of the negative electrode by more than 40%. After removal, the negative electrode is naturally air-dried at room temperature to avoid oxidation and loss of the zinc sheet caused by high-temperature drying, thus ensuring the stability of the negative electrode in cycle use.

[0019] It should be noted that: the spunlace nonwoven fabric with a basis weight of 30-50 g / m² is used as the base material for the preparation of the separator component. It is soaked in a 1-2 mol / L zinc sulfate aqueous solution for 10-15 minutes. In this embodiment, a 1.5 mol / L zinc sulfate solution is used for soaking for 12 minutes to allow the nonwoven fabric to fully absorb the zinc sulfate electrolyte, with an absorption amount of 60%-80% of the nonwoven fabric mass. After soaking, it is dried in an oven at 60-80℃ for 30-40 minutes, preferably at 70℃ for 35 minutes, to finally obtain a dried separator containing solid zinc sulfate electrolyte. This separator is not easily deteriorated after drying and storage, and has good ion conduction performance, which can ensure the ion transport efficiency and cycle stability of the battery body.

[0020] In the above embodiments, the specific method for forming the battery body using a three-layer pressed integrated structure of positive electrode-separator-negative electrode is as follows: The prepared positive electrode assembly, separator assembly, and negative electrode assembly are stacked neatly in the following order: positive electrode with ultra-thin stainless steel sheet coating layer facing up, separator assembly in the center, and negative electrode with high-purity zinc sheet treatment surface facing down. During the stacking process, the edges of each assembly are aligned. The whole assembly is then placed stably into a hydraulic press. Pressure is applied by the hydraulic press to make the three-layer structure tightly bonded to form a stable integrated battery structure. Then, a special drilling machine is used to uniformly drill holes on the surface of the integrated structure after pressing, so that the overall surface of the battery forms a uniformly distributed porous structure.

[0021] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the stacking of the three-layer structure of positive electrode-separator-negative electrode must strictly follow the predetermined order: the ultra-thin stainless steel sheet coating of the positive electrode faces upward, the separator assembly is centered, and the high-purity zinc sheet treatment surface of the negative electrode faces downward. During stacking, the edges of each component must be aligned. The separator assembly is slightly larger than the positive and negative electrode assemblies to avoid direct contact between the positive and negative electrodes, which could lead to a short circuit. The pressure applied by the hydraulic press must be within the set range of 5-8 MPa. In this embodiment, a pressure of 6 MPa is used and held for 10 seconds. This pressure ensures a tight fit between the three layers, effectively reducing interlayer contact resistance, while preventing excessive pressure from damaging the electrode or separator structure, thus ensuring the mechanical and conductive stability of the integrated battery structure. The perforation process must be performed according to the set parameters, with the hole diameter controlled at 0.5~1mm and the hole spacing controlled at 2~3mm. In this embodiment, a hole diameter of 0.8mm and a hole spacing of 2.5mm are used. The perforated area must completely cover the entire surface of the integrated structure to form a uniformly distributed porous structure. This structure can ensure that external moisture can smoothly penetrate into the interior of the separator, dissolve the solid zinc sulfate electrolyte pre-stored in the separator to form a conductive electrolyte pathway. At the same time, the power generation of the battery can be adjusted by controlling the moisture absorption area of ​​the porous area. The larger the moisture absorption area, the more moisture the separator absorbs, the more intense the electrochemical reaction, and the higher the power generation, thereby achieving precise control of power generation.

[0022] The voltage regulation module is used to weld the voltage regulation module to the battery body through wires to complete the system assembly, and to perform activation test, power generation control test, voltage regulation test and safety protection test through the voltage regulation module.

[0023] Reference Figure 3 In the above embodiment, the specific method for welding the voltage regulation module to the battery body via wires to complete system assembly is as follows: The voltage regulation module is soldered to the positive and negative terminals using wires, ensuring a firm connection and good contact. The voltage regulation module includes a DC-DC converter with a wide input voltage range, capable of adapting to the unstable voltage output from the battery and efficiently converting it into a stable multi-level voltage. It supports three output voltage levels, which users can flexibly switch between using a DIP switch on the module surface to adapt to electrical equipment with different power and voltage requirements. The voltage regulation module also integrates overvoltage and overcurrent protection functions and can monitor the output voltage and current status in real time. After soldering and confirming all functions, the assembly of the entire power supply system is complete.

[0024] It should be noted that the welding and assembly of the voltage regulation module must strictly follow the process requirements. Wires should be used to weld and fix it to the positive and negative components of the battery body respectively. During the welding process, it is necessary to ensure that the connection at the weld is firm and the contact is good, and to avoid problems such as excessive contact resistance and power interruption caused by poor welding or desoldering, so as to ensure stable power transmission between the battery body and the voltage regulation module.

[0025] It should be noted that the DC-DC converter used in the voltage regulation module is specifically model MP2359. This converter has a wide input voltage range of 1.8~5.5V, which can adapt to the unstable voltage output of the battery itself, efficiently converting it into a stable multi-level voltage. It supports three output levels: 5V, 9V, and 12V, which can be adapted to electrical devices with different power and voltage requirements. A DIP switch is provided on the module surface, allowing users to flexibly switch the output levels to meet the power supply needs of different scenarios. The voltage regulation module also integrates overvoltage and overcurrent protection functions. The overvoltage protection trigger threshold is when the output voltage exceeds 1.2 times the rated level; when the output voltage exceeds the threshold, the module automatically cuts off the output. The overcurrent protection trigger threshold is when the output current exceeds 2A; when the output current exceeds the threshold, the module automatically limits the current. It can monitor the output voltage and current status in real time, effectively preventing damage to the system itself or burnout of external electrical devices due to abnormal loads or short circuits. After welding and fixing, the functions of the voltage regulation module need to be confirmed, including the range switching function, voltage regulation output function, and overvoltage and overcurrent protection function. Once all functions are confirmed to be correct, the assembly of the entire controllable self-generating power supply system is completed.

[0026] In the above embodiments, the specific method of the activation test is as follows: Based on the assembled power supply system, the porous structure of the battery body is brought into full contact with the water source. The voltage regulation module monitors the system activation status, power generation, and electrical connection status in real time. If the system is successfully activated and generates electricity, and the electrical connection between the battery body and the voltage regulation module is reliable and the electricity can be transmitted smoothly, the activation test is deemed to have passed. If the system is not activated and does not generate electricity, or if the electrical connection is poor and the electricity cannot be transmitted, the activation test is deemed to have failed.

[0027] It should be noted that the core purpose of this activation test is to verify the system's activation reliability and rapid response capability in non-standard water source scenarios. The saliva, urine, and rainwater used in the test are non-standard conductive liquids that can be obtained at any time in scenarios such as outdoor exploration, disaster relief, and military operations, rather than the pure water that traditional water-activated batteries rely on. This is to verify the flexibility of the system's activation conditions and its adaptability to all scenarios.

[0028] In the above embodiments, the specific method for the power generation control test is as follows: After the system is activated and generating electricity normally, the moisture area of ​​the porous area of ​​the battery body is adjusted, and the power generation changes under different moisture conditions are monitored and recorded in real time through the voltage regulation module. If the power generation changes accordingly with the adjustment of the moisture area, the power generation control test is deemed to have passed. If the power generation does not change with the adjustment of the moisture area, or the change does not correspond to the adjustment of the moisture area, the power generation control test is deemed to have failed.

[0029] It should be noted that the core value of this power generation control test lies in verifying the linear correlation between the damp area and the power generation, thereby achieving precise and controllable power generation. This linear relationship stems from the uniformly distributed porous structure on the battery surface, ensuring that the moisture penetration rate and electrochemical reaction intensity change synchronously with the damp area, without localized uneven power generation or nonlinear fluctuations. This feature allows users to adjust the power generation as needed by simply blocking the porous area. This avoids energy waste caused by full-power generation and allows matching the power generation to the needs of the electrical equipment, completely solving the industry pain points of uncontrollable power generation, insufficient power supply, or redundancy in traditional self-generating equipment, significantly improving the system's practicality and energy utilization efficiency.

[0030] In the above embodiments, the specific method for the voltage regulation test is as follows: Based on the stable regulation of the system's power generation, different output levels are switched one by one by the DIP switches on the surface of the voltage regulation module, and the output voltage fluctuation at each level is monitored in real time. If the DC-DC converter in the voltage regulation module can convert the unstable voltage output by the battery into a stable voltage and there is no significant fluctuation in the output voltage at each level, the voltage regulation test is deemed to have passed. If the DC-DC converter cannot convert the unstable voltage into a stable voltage, or if there is significant fluctuation in the output voltage at each level, the voltage regulation test is deemed to have failed.

[0031] It should be noted that the core of the voltage regulation test is to verify the DC-DC converter's ability to convert unstable output voltages from the battery and the stability of its multi-level output. The test sets three levels: 5V, 9V, and 12V, which fully cover the power supply standards of mainstream electrical equipment such as consumer electronics, emergency equipment, and communication equipment. Level switching is achieved through surface-mount DIP switches on the module, without the need for additional external equipment or software debugging. Users can flexibly switch on-site according to power needs, adapting to the rapid operation requirements in emergency scenarios. At the same time, the wide input voltage range of the DC-DC converter can completely cover the unstable output of the battery from activation to full power, ensuring that a stable target voltage can be output regardless of the battery's power generation state, thus guaranteeing power supply continuity.

[0032] In the above embodiments, the specific method for the security protection test is as follows: Provided that the system activation test, power generation regulation test, and voltage regulation output test are all passed, simulate abnormal load, voltage overload, and excessive current conditions, and monitor the triggering status of the overvoltage protection and overcurrent protection functions integrated in the voltage regulation module. If the overvoltage protection and overcurrent protection functions are triggered in a timely and accurate manner under various abnormal conditions, and the module can quickly cut off the output or perform current limiting, then the safety protection test is deemed to have passed. If the protection function is not triggered, or is triggered untimely or inaccurately under abnormal conditions, and the module cannot cut off the output or limit the current, then the safety protection test is deemed to have failed.

[0033] It should be noted that if any test item—activation test, power generation control test, voltage regulation test, or safety protection test—fails, first locate the source of the problem based on the test anomaly: If it is caused by factors such as the porous structure of the battery body, electrode interface, or separator wettability, disassemble and reassemble the battery body, re-assemble and activate it, and then test again; if it is caused by abnormalities in the voltage regulation module circuit parameters, protection threshold settings, or DC-DC conversion circuit, adjust the module hardware parameters or replace the core components of the module and then test again; if it is caused by problems such as assembly process, poor contact, or sealing, re-execute the assembly and pressing process, eliminate process defects, and then conduct a full set of performance tests again until all test items pass, only then can the system be confirmed to meet the usage requirements. It should be noted that the measured parameters and results of various performance tests of this invention are strictly based on the test process records of this embodiment. In the activation test, 0.5 mL of saliva, 1 mL of urine, and 1 mL of rainwater were respectively added to the porous surface of the battery body. The measured system started generating electricity within 3-5 seconds, and the initial output voltage was stable at 1.5-2.0V. This verifies the technical effect of the system being able to be activated without a specific standard water source and by contact with any liquid. The activation conditions are relaxed and suitable for outdoor, emergency and other scenarios where standard water sources are lacking.

[0034] The power generation control test is conducted by adjusting the moisture area of ​​the porous region of the battery body. When the area is completely moistened, for example, a 50mm×50mm area, the output current is 1.2-1.5A; when half of the area is moistened, for example, a 25mm×50mm area, the output current is 0.6-0.8A; and when 1 / 4 of the area is moistened, for example, a 25mm×25mm area, the output current is 0.3-0.4A. The measured power generation changes linearly with the moisture area, showing good controllability. The power generation can be precisely controlled by the moisture area to avoid energy waste or insufficient power supply.

[0035] The voltage regulation test was conducted by switching the output levels using a DIP switch. The measured output voltage was stable at 4.95-5.05V for the 5V level, 8.9-9.1V for the 9V level, and 11.8-12.2V for the 12V level, with a voltage regulation accuracy of ≤±2%. This verifies the voltage regulation effect of the DC-DC converter, which can achieve stable voltage output at multiple levels and is suitable for electrical equipment with different power and voltage requirements.

[0036] Safety protection tests simulate abnormal operating conditions such as abnormal load, voltage overload, and excessive current. When the output voltage exceeds 1.2 times the rated level, for example, when the 5V level reaches 6V, the module cuts off the output within 0.1 seconds. When the output current exceeds 2A, the module limits the current to 1.9-2.0A. The overvoltage and overcurrent protection functions are effective in actual tests. The module can monitor the output voltage and current status in real time, effectively preventing damage to the system itself or burnout of external electrical equipment due to abnormal load or short circuit, and ensuring the safe operation of the system and the load.

[0037] The above content is merely an example and illustration of the concept of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described, or use similar methods to replace them, as long as they do not deviate from the concept of the invention or exceed the scope defined by the present invention, and all such modifications and additions should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A controllable self-generated power supply system, characterized in that, include: The battery body is formed by fabricating a positive electrode assembly, a negative electrode assembly, and a separator assembly, and by using a three-layer pressed integrated structure of positive electrode-separator-negative electrode to form the battery body. The voltage regulation module is used to weld the voltage regulation module to the battery body through wires to complete the system assembly, and to perform activation test, power generation control test, voltage regulation test and safety protection test through the voltage regulation module.

2. The controllable self-generated power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific method for preparing the positive electrode assembly, negative electrode assembly, and separator assembly is as follows: Ultra-thin stainless steel sheets were selected as the positive electrode substrate. Graphene, carbon nanotubes, electrolytic manganese dioxide, and conductive binders were mixed to form a positive electrode coating. Graphene and carbon nanotubes formed a three-dimensional conductive network, improving the conductivity of the positive electrode. Electrolytic manganese dioxide served as an active material, enhancing the efficiency of the electrochemical reaction. The conductive binder ensured a tight bond between the coating and the substrate. N-methylpyrrolidone solvent was added and stirred to form a uniform slurry. The slurry was then uniformly coated onto the surface of the ultra-thin stainless steel sheet and baked in an oven. After cooling, the positive electrode assembly was obtained. High-purity zinc sheets were selected as the negative electrode material. The zinc sheets were immersed in a zinc sulfate solution, removed, and dried at room temperature to obtain the negative electrode assembly. Spunlace nonwoven fabric was selected as the separator material. The spunlace nonwoven fabric was immersed in a zinc sulfate aqueous solution to fully absorb the zinc sulfate electrolyte. The immersed nonwoven fabric was then dried in an oven to obtain a dry separator containing solid zinc sulfate electrolyte, resulting in a dried separator assembly.

3. The controllable self-generated power supply system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The method for forming the battery body using a three-layer integrated structure of positive electrode-separator-negative electrode is as follows: The prepared positive electrode assembly, separator assembly, and negative electrode assembly are stacked neatly in the following order: positive electrode with ultra-thin stainless steel sheet coating layer facing up, separator assembly in the center, and negative electrode with high-purity zinc sheet treatment surface facing down. During the stacking process, the edges of each assembly are aligned. The whole assembly is then placed stably into a hydraulic press. Pressure is applied by the hydraulic press to make the three-layer structure tightly bonded to form a stable integrated battery structure. Then, a special drilling machine is used to uniformly drill holes on the surface of the integrated structure after pressing, so that the overall surface of the battery forms a uniformly distributed porous structure.

4. The controllable self-generated power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific method for assembling the system by welding the voltage regulation module to the battery body via wires is as follows: The voltage regulation module is soldered to the positive and negative terminals using wires, ensuring a firm connection and good contact. The voltage regulation module includes a DC-DC converter with a wide input voltage range, capable of adapting to the unstable voltage output from the battery and efficiently converting it into a stable multi-level voltage. It supports three output voltage levels, which users can flexibly switch between using a DIP switch on the module surface to adapt to electrical equipment with different power and voltage requirements. The voltage regulation module also integrates overvoltage and overcurrent protection functions and can monitor the output voltage and current status in real time. After soldering and confirming all functions, the assembly of the entire power supply system is complete.

5. A controllable self-generated power supply system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The specific method for the activation test is as follows: Based on the assembled power supply system, the porous structure of the battery body is brought into full contact with the water source. The voltage regulation module monitors the system activation status, power generation, and electrical connection status in real time. If the system is successfully activated and generates electricity, and the electrical connection between the battery body and the voltage regulation module is reliable and the electricity can be transmitted smoothly, the activation test is deemed to have passed. If the system is not activated and does not generate electricity, or if the electrical connection is poor and the electricity cannot be transmitted, the activation test is deemed to have failed.

6. A controllable self-generated power supply system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The specific method for the power generation control test is as follows: After the system is activated and generating electricity normally, the moisture area of ​​the porous area of ​​the battery body is adjusted, and the power generation changes under different moisture conditions are monitored and recorded in real time through the voltage regulation module. If the power generation changes accordingly with the adjustment of the moisture area, the power generation control test is deemed to have passed. If the power generation does not change with the adjustment of the moisture area, or the change does not correspond to the adjustment of the moisture area, the power generation control test is deemed to have failed.

7. A controllable self-generated power supply system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The specific method for the voltage regulation test is as follows: Based on the stable regulation of the system's power generation, different output levels are switched one by one by the DIP switches on the surface of the voltage regulation module, and the output voltage fluctuation at each level is monitored in real time. If the DC-DC converter in the voltage regulation module can convert the unstable voltage output by the battery into a stable voltage and there is no significant fluctuation in the output voltage at each level, the voltage regulation test is deemed to have passed. If the DC-DC converter cannot convert the unstable voltage into a stable voltage, or if there is significant fluctuation in the output voltage at each level, the voltage regulation test is deemed to have failed.

8. A controllable self-generated power supply system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The specific method for the security protection test is as follows: Provided that the system activation test, power generation regulation test, and voltage regulation output test are all passed, simulate abnormal load, voltage overload, and excessive current conditions, and monitor the triggering status of the overvoltage protection and overcurrent protection functions integrated in the voltage regulation module. If the overvoltage protection and overcurrent protection functions are triggered in a timely and accurate manner under various abnormal conditions, and the module can quickly cut off the output or perform current limiting, then the safety protection test is deemed to have passed. If the protection function is not triggered, or is triggered untimely or inaccurately under abnormal conditions, and the module cannot cut off the output or limit the current, then the safety protection test is deemed to have failed.

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