Battery and method of manufacturing a battery

Abstract

This invention relates to batteries and methods for manufacturing batteries. The battery of this invention comprises a first unit cell and a second unit cell. The first unit cell and the second unit cell are stacked in a stacking direction in the order of first unit cell, second unit cell. The first element that serves as the carrier ion in the first unit cell is different from the second element that serves as the carrier ion in the second unit cell.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to batteries and methods for manufacturing batteries. Background Technology

[0002] Japanese Special Opening Certificate 2017-195076 has been published. Figure 3 The lithium-ion secondary battery 900 is shown. In the lithium-ion secondary battery 900, the negative electrode 910T, the third solid electrolyte layer 921, the positive electrode 930, the third solid electrolyte layer 921, the negative electrode 910, the third solid electrolyte layer 921, the positive electrode 930, the first solid electrolyte layer 922, the bipolar electrode 940, the second solid electrolyte layer 923, the negative electrode 910, the third solid electrolyte layer 921, the positive electrode 930, the third solid electrolyte layer 921, the negative electrode 910, the third solid electrolyte layer 921, and the positive electrode 930T are stacked sequentially along the stacking direction D.

[0003] In negative electrode 910, negative electrode composite material layer 911 is formed on both sides of negative electrode current collector foil 912. In negative electrode 910T, negative electrode composite material layer 911 is formed on one side of negative electrode current collector foil 912. In positive electrode 930, positive electrode composite material layer 931 is formed on both sides of positive electrode current collector foil 932. In positive electrode 930T, positive electrode composite material layer 931 is formed on one side of positive electrode current collector foil 932. In bipolar electrode 940, negative electrode composite material layer 911 is formed on one side of bipolar current collector foil 941, and positive electrode composite material layer 931 is formed on the other side of bipolar current collector foil 941. Positive electrode 930, third solid electrolyte layer 921, and negative electrode 910 constitute unit cell 950. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In the bipolar electrode 940, to prevent short circuits, the bipolar current collector foil 941 needs to prevent lithium ion conduction between the negative electrode composite layer 911 and the positive electrode composite layer 931. Therefore, the bipolar current collector foil 941 needs to have a certain thickness (e.g., 10 μm to 20 μm). If the bipolar current collector foil 941 has a certain thickness, it is less likely to form through-holes, and the bipolar current collector foil 941 can prevent lithium ion conduction. However, if the thickness of the bipolar current collector foil 941 is too large, the energy density decreases. "Energy density" refers to the capacity per unit area of ​​the battery.

[0005] This invention was made in view of the above-mentioned actual situation. This invention provides a battery with excellent energy density and a method for manufacturing the battery.

[0006] The present invention includes the following embodiments.

[0007] The battery according to a first aspect of the present invention includes a first unit battery and a second unit battery. The first unit battery and the second unit battery are stacked in a stacking direction in the order of the first unit battery and the second unit battery. The first unit battery has a first positive electrode layer, a first electrolyte layer, and a first negative electrode layer in the stacking direction. The second unit battery has a second positive electrode layer, a second electrolyte layer, and a second negative electrode layer in the stacking direction. The first element that serves as the carrier ion of the first unit battery is different from the second element that serves as the carrier ion of the second unit battery.

[0008] In this invention, "positive electrode layer" can refer to a layer containing positive electrode active material. "Negative electrode layer" can refer to a layer containing negative electrode active material. "Electrolyte layer" can refer to a layer containing an electrolyte but not an active material (i.e., at least one of the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material). "Electrolyte" can refer to a substance sandwiched between the positive electrode layer and the negative electrode layer that conducts carrier ions. Specifically, examples of electrolytes include solid electrolytes, non-aqueous electrolytes containing lithium salts (e.g., LiPF6), non-aqueous gel electrolytes, and ion-conducting polymers. "Carrier ions" can refer to ions that enable battery reactions by migrating between the positive electrode layer and the negative electrode layer.

[0009] In the first embodiment, the first element that serves as the carrier ion in the first cell is different from the second element that serves as the carrier ion in the second cell. Therefore, even if no current collector is sandwiched between the first and second cells, a short circuit is less likely to occur. Furthermore, even if a current collector with a thickness (e.g., 5 μm) thinner than conventional current collectors (e.g., 10 μm to 20 μm) is sandwiched between cells, a short circuit is less likely to occur. As a result, the battery of the first embodiment is a battery with excellent energy density.

[0010] In the battery of the first aspect of the present invention, the first element may be an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal, and the second element may be an element different from the alkali metal and the alkaline earth metal.

[0011] In the aforementioned battery, even if the first electrode layer (i.e., the first positive electrode layer or the first negative electrode layer) is in a state of reacting with the carrier ions (i.e., ions of alkali metals or alkaline earth metals) of the first cell due to charging or discharging, and the second electrode layer (i.e., the second negative electrode layer or the second positive electrode layer) comes into contact with it, the carrier ions of the first cell do not easily migrate to the second electrode layer. Similarly, even if the second electrode layer (i.e., the second positive electrode layer or the second negative electrode layer) is in a state of reacting with the carrier ions (i.e., ions of elements different from alkali metals and alkaline earth metals) of the second cell due to charging or discharging, and the first electrode layer (i.e., the first negative electrode layer or the first positive electrode layer) comes into contact with it, the carrier ions of the second cell do not easily migrate to the first electrode layer. As a result, the battery performance of the aforementioned battery is not easily degraded.

[0012] In the battery of the first embodiment of the present invention, the second element may include fluorine.

[0013] In the aforementioned battery, even if the second electrode layer (i.e., the second positive electrode layer or the second negative electrode layer) is in a state of reacting with the carrier ions (i.e., fluoride ions) of the second cell due to charging or discharging, and comes into contact with the first electrode layer (i.e., the first negative electrode layer or the first positive electrode layer), the carrier ions of the second cell are less likely to migrate to the first electrode layer. As a result, the battery performance of the aforementioned battery is less likely to deteriorate.

[0014] In the battery of the first aspect of the present invention, the first element may include lithium, sodium or magnesium.

[0015] In the aforementioned battery, even if the first electrode layer (i.e., the first positive electrode layer or the first negative electrode layer) is in a state of reacting with the carrier ions (i.e., Li ions, Na ions, or Mg ions) of the first cell due to charging or discharging, and the second electrode layer (i.e., the second negative electrode layer or the second positive electrode layer) comes into contact, the carrier ions of the first cell are less likely to migrate to the second electrode layer. As a result, the battery performance of the aforementioned battery is less likely to deteriorate further.

[0016] In the battery of the first aspect of the present invention, the first electrolyte layer may contain a first solid electrolyte, and the second electrolyte layer may contain a second solid electrolyte that is different from the first solid electrolyte.

[0017] Compared to cases where at least one of the first and second electrolyte layers contains a non-aqueous electrolyte, the above-described battery offers superior safety.

[0018] In the battery of the first aspect of the present invention, the ionic conductivity of the ions of the first element in the first electrolyte layer may be higher than the ionic conductivity of the ions of the second element in the first electrolyte layer, and the ionic conductivity of the ions of the second element in the second electrolyte layer may be higher than the ionic conductivity of the ions of the first element in the second electrolyte layer.

[0019] The ionic conductivity of the first element's ions and the ionic conductivity of the second element's ions were determined by alternating current impedance method.

[0020] In the aforementioned battery, the first electrolyte layer selectively conducts carrier ions from the first cell, and the second electrolyte layer selectively conducts carrier ions from the second cell. As a result, the battery performance of the aforementioned battery is less prone to degradation.

[0021] In the battery of the first aspect of the present invention, the first cell battery and the second cell battery can be in contact without being sandwiched by a current collector.

[0022] Compared to batteries with current collectors, the above-mentioned batteries have better energy density.

[0023] In the battery of the first aspect of the present invention, a current collector having two or more through holes may also be provided, disposed between the first unit battery and the second unit battery.

[0024] The aforementioned battery can be manufactured, for example, using a first cell formed on the aforementioned current collector and a second cell formed on the aforementioned current collector. Compared to a battery without the aforementioned current collector, the aforementioned battery has a higher production efficiency.

[0025] In the battery of the first aspect of the present invention, the first solid electrolyte may include at least one of the group consisting of sulfide solid electrolyte, oxide solid electrolyte and halide solid electrolyte, and the second solid electrolyte may include at least one of lanthanide fluorides, alkali metal fluorides and alkaline earth metal fluorides.

[0026] In the battery of the first aspect of the present invention, the surface of the first cell battery that is closest to the second cell battery among the surfaces perpendicular to the stacking direction can contact the surface of the second cell battery that is perpendicular to the stacking direction.

[0027] In the battery of the first aspect of the present invention, the entire area of ​​the surface of the first unit battery that is closest to the second unit battery in the plane perpendicular to the stacking direction can contact the surface of the second unit battery that is perpendicular to the stacking direction, and the entire area of ​​the surface of the second unit battery that is closest to the first unit battery in the plane perpendicular to the stacking direction can contact the surface of the first unit battery that is perpendicular to the stacking direction.

[0028] The manufacturing method of the battery of the second aspect of the present invention, which manufactures the battery of the first aspect described above, may include the following steps: preparing a first positive electrode sheet constituting the first positive electrode layer, a first electrolyte sheet constituting the first electrolyte layer, a first negative electrode sheet constituting the first negative electrode layer, a second positive electrode sheet constituting the second positive electrode layer, a second electrolyte sheet constituting the second electrolyte layer, and a second negative electrode sheet constituting the second negative electrode layer; and stacking the first positive electrode sheet, the first electrolyte sheet, the first negative electrode sheet, the second positive electrode sheet, the second electrolyte sheet, and the second negative electrode sheet.

[0029] The above-described battery manufacturing method can produce batteries with excellent energy density.

[0030] According to the present invention, a battery with excellent energy density and a method for manufacturing the battery can be provided. Attached Figure Description

[0031] The features, advantages, and technical and industrial significance of exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which the same reference numerals denote the same elements.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the battery according to the first embodiment.

[0033] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the battery according to the second embodiment.

[0034] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of a traditional lithium-ion secondary battery. Detailed Implementation

[0035] In this invention, the numerical range indicated by "~" refers to the range in which the values ​​recorded before and after "~" are respectively the minimum and maximum values. Within the segmented numerical ranges recorded in this invention, the upper or lower limit value recorded in one numerical range can be replaced by the upper or lower limit value of other segmented numerical ranges. In this invention, a combination of two or more preferred methods is a more preferred method. In this invention, the term "process" not only includes independent processes, but is also sometimes included in this terminology even when it cannot be clearly distinguished from other processes.

[0036] Hereinafter, embodiments of the battery of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the same or corresponding parts are labeled with the same reference numerals and will not be described again.

[0037] The batteries of the present invention include all-solid-state batteries using a solid electrolyte as the electrolyte, and semi-solid-state batteries having a gel layer containing an electrolyte and a polymer between the electrode and the solid electrolyte. The solid electrolyte may contain an electrolyte comprising less than 10% by mass of the total electrolyte. It should be noted that the solid electrolyte may be a composite solid electrolyte comprising an inorganic solid electrolyte and a polymer electrolyte. Preferably, all-solid-state batteries are used.

[0038] 1 First Implementation Method

[0039] 1.1 Battery

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, battery 1A includes an electrode stack 10A, a resin body 20, an outer casing 30, a positive terminal 41, and a negative terminal 42.

[0041] The positive terminal 41, the electrode stack 10A, and the negative terminal 42 are stacked sequentially along the stacking direction D. The resin body 20 covers the entire surface of the side surface S10 of the electrode stack 10A. The outer casing 30 houses the electrode stack 10A. The electrode stack 10A is sealed by the resin body 20, the outer casing 30, the positive terminal 41, and the negative terminal 42.

[0042] 1.1.1 Power generation components

[0043] The electrode stack 10A functions as a power generation element of the battery 1A.

[0044] The electrode stack 10A includes two or more first unit cells 11A and two or more second unit cells 12. The first unit cells 11A, second unit cells 12, and the first unit cells 11A and second unit cells 12 are stacked sequentially along the stacking direction D. That is, the first unit cells 11A and second unit cells 12 are stacked along the stacking direction D in the order of first unit cell 11A, second unit cell 12. The first unit cells 11A, second unit cells 12, and the first unit cells 11A and second unit cells 12 are connected in series. The first unit cell 11A contacts the second unit cell 12 without sandwiching a current collector. That is, the surface of the first unit cell 11A perpendicular to the stacking direction D that is closest to the second unit cell 12 can contact the surface of the second unit cell 12 perpendicular to the stacking direction D. Furthermore, the entire area of ​​the surface of the first unit battery 11A that is closest to the second unit battery 12 in the plane perpendicular to the stacking direction D can contact the surface of the second unit battery 12 that is perpendicular to the stacking direction D, and the entire area of ​​the surface of the second unit battery 12 that is closest to the first unit battery 11A in the plane perpendicular to the stacking direction D can contact the surface of the first unit battery 11A that is perpendicular to the stacking direction D.

[0045] 1.1.1.1 First Unit Battery

[0046] The first element that serves as the carrier ion for the first cell 11A includes lithium (an example of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal). That is, the first cell 11A is a lithium-ion secondary battery.

[0047] The first unit cell 11A has a first positive electrode layer 111A, a first electrolyte layer 112A, and a first negative electrode layer 113A. The first positive electrode layer 111A, the first electrolyte layer 112A, and the first negative electrode layer 113A are stacked sequentially along the stacking direction D. That is, the first unit cell 11A has the first positive electrode layer 111A, the first electrolyte layer 112A, and the first negative electrode layer 113A in the stacking direction D.

[0048] 1.1.1.1.1 First Positive Electrode Layer

[0049] The first positive electrode layer 111A contains a positive electrode active material (hereinafter also referred to as "Li positive electrode active material") that undergoes a lithium-ion desorption reaction during charging and a lithium-ion binding reaction during discharging. The first positive electrode layer 111A may contain at least one of a solid electrolyte (hereinafter also referred to as "Li solid electrolyte") that conducts lithium ions, a conductive additive, and a binder, as needed.

[0050] The Li positive electrode active material preferably comprises a lithium composite oxide. The lithium composite oxide may contain at least one element selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, N, S, Br, and I. The lithium composite oxide may have a crystal structure belonging to at least one space group selected from space groups R-3m, Immm, and P63-mmc. The dominant arrangement of the transition metal, oxygen, and lithium in the lithium composite oxide may be an O2-type structure. The lithium composite oxide may have a composition represented by the following general formula (1).

[0051] LiNi x Co y Mn z O2 …Formula (1)

[0052] In equation (1), x, y, and z are 0 < x < 1, 0 < y < 1, 0 < z < 1, and x + y + z = 1. The Li positive electrode active material can be a known positive electrode active material.

[0053] The Li solid electrolyte preferably comprises one selected from the group consisting of sulfide solid electrolytes, oxide solid electrolytes, and halide solid electrolytes. The Li solid electrolyte can be a known solid electrolyte. Preferably, at least a portion of the surface of the Li positive electrode active material is coated with a sulfide solid electrolyte, oxide solid electrolyte, or halide solid electrolyte.

[0054] As a sulfide solid electrolyte, it is preferred to contain sulfur (S) as the main component of the anionic element, and it is also preferred to contain, in addition to S, elements such as lithium (Li) and alumina (A). The alumina is selected from at least one of the group consisting of P, As, Sb, Si, Ge, Sn, B, Al, Ga, and In. The sulfide solid electrolyte may further contain at least one of O and a halogen element. Examples of halogen elements (X) include F, Cl, Br, and I. The composition of the sulfide solid electrolyte is not particularly limited, and examples include xLi₂S·(100-x)P₂S₅ (70≤x≤80) and yLiI·zLiBr·(100-yz)(xLi₂S·(1-x)P₂S₅) (0.7≤x≤0.8, 0≤y≤30, 0≤z≤30). The sulfide solid electrolyte may have a composition represented by the following general formula (2).

[0055] Li 4-x Ge 1-x P x S4(0<x<1)…Formula (2)

[0056] In equation (2), at least a portion of Ge can be substituted with at least one selected from the group consisting of Sb, Si, Sn, B, Al, Ga, In, Ti, Zr, V, and Nb. Additionally, at least a portion of P can be substituted with at least one selected from the group consisting of Sb, Si, Sn, B, Al, Ga, In, Ti, Zr, V, and Nb. A portion of Li can be substituted with at least one selected from the group consisting of Na, K, Mg, Ca, and Zn. A portion of S can be substituted with a halogen. The halogen is at least one selected from F, Cl, Br, and I.

[0057] Sulfide solid electrolytes may, for example, contain substances selected from Li7P3S. 11 Li 3.25 P 0.95 At least one of the group consisting of S4, Li6PS5Cl, LiI, B2S3, Li2S and Si2S2.

[0058] Halogenated solid electrolytes can have a composition represented by the following general formula (3) (LTAF).

[0059] Li 6-(4-x)b (Ti 1-x Al x ) b F6(0<x<1、0<b≤1.5) …Equation (3)

[0060] Examples of conductive additives include carbon materials (e.g., carbon black, carbon nanotubes, and fluorinated carbon), metallic materials (e.g., aluminum powder and conductive whiskers), and conductive polymer materials (e.g., polyaniline, polypyrrole, and polythiophene).

[0061] Examples of adhesives include halogenated vinyl resins (e.g., polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF)), rubbers (e.g., acrylate butadiene rubber (ABR) and styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR)), and polyolefin resins (e.g., polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP)).

[0062] 1.1.1.1.2 First Electrolyte Layer

[0063] The first electrolyte layer 112A comprises a lithium-ion conducting Li solid electrolyte (an example of a first solid electrolyte), and may further comprise a binder if necessary. The Li solid electrolyte is not particularly limited and may be an aggregate of multiple particles. Preferably, the Li solid electrolyte comprises one selected from the group consisting of sulfide solid electrolytes, oxide solid electrolytes, and halide solid electrolytes. As a sulfide solid electrolyte, the same substances exemplified as the sulfide solid electrolyte used in the first positive electrode layer 111A can be listed. The Li solid electrolyte may be a known solid electrolyte. Furthermore, the first solid electrolyte may comprise at least one selected from the group consisting of sulfide solid electrolytes, oxide solid electrolytes, and halide solid electrolytes.

[0064] The binder can be used for bonding between Li solid electrolytes. The binder can be used for bonding the Li solid electrolyte to the first positive electrode layer 111A or the first negative electrode layer 113A. As a binder, the same substances as those exemplified as binders for the first positive electrode layer 111A can be listed.

[0065] 1.1.1.1.3 First Negative Electrode Layer

[0066] The first negative electrode layer 113A contains a negative electrode active material (hereinafter also referred to as "Li negative electrode active material") that undergoes a lithium-ion binding reaction during charging and a lithium-ion desorption reaction during discharging. The first negative electrode layer 113A may contain at least one of a Li solid electrolyte, a conductive additive, and a binder as needed.

[0067] Examples of active materials for Li anodes include Li-based active materials (e.g., lithium metal), carbon-based active materials (e.g., graphite and hard carbon), oxide-based active materials (e.g., lithium titanate), and Si-based active materials (e.g., elemental Si).

[0068] As a Li solid electrolyte, the same substances as those exemplified as the Li solid electrolyte used as the first positive electrode layer 111A can be listed. Preferably, at least a portion of the surface of the Li negative electrode active material is coated with a sulfide solid electrolyte, an oxide solid electrolyte, or a halide solid electrolyte. As a conductive aid, the same substances as those exemplified as conductive aids used as the first positive electrode layer 111A can be listed. As a binder, the same substances as those exemplified as binders used as the first positive electrode layer 111A can be listed.

[0069] 1.1.1.2 Second Unit Battery

[0070] The second element that serves as the carrier ion for the second cell 12 includes fluorine (an example of an element different from alkali metals and alkaline earth metals). That is, the second cell 12 is a fluorine ion secondary battery.

[0071] The second cell battery 12 has a second positive electrode layer 121, a second electrolyte layer 122, and a second negative electrode layer 123. The second positive electrode layer 121, the second electrolyte layer 122, and the second negative electrode layer 123 are stacked sequentially along the stacking direction D. That is, the second cell battery 12 has the second positive electrode layer 121, the second electrolyte layer 122, and the second negative electrode layer 123 in the stacking direction D.

[0072] 1.1.1.2.1 Second cathode layer

[0073] The second positive electrode layer 121 contains a positive electrode active material (hereinafter also referred to as "F positive electrode active material") that undergoes a reaction of fluoride ion binding during charging and a reaction of fluoride ion desorption during discharging. The positive electrode layer 121 may contain at least one of a solid electrolyte (hereinafter also referred to as "F solid electrolyte") that conducts fluoride ions, a conductive additive, and a binder, as needed.

[0074] Examples of active materials for the positive electrode (F) include elemental metals, alloys, metal oxides, and fluorides of these substances. Examples of metallic elements contained in the active material for the positive electrode (F) include Cu, Ag, Ni, Co, Pb, Ce, Mn, Au, Pt, Rh, V, Os, Ru, Fe, Cr, Bi, Nb, Sb, Ti, Sn, and Zn. Among these, Cu and CuF are preferred as active materials for the positive electrode (F). z ,Fe,FeF z Ag, AgF z It should be noted that z is a real number greater than 0.

[0075] Polymer materials can be listed as positive electrode active materials (F). Examples of polymer materials include polyaniline, polypyrrole, polyacetylene, and polythiophene. Metal sulfides can also be listed as positive electrode active materials. Examples of metal sulfides include Cu₂S, CuS, FeS, and FeS₂. The positive electrode active material (F) can be a known positive electrode active material.

[0076] Examples of fluorides as F-type solid electrolytes include fluorides of lanthanides (e.g., La and Ce), fluorides of alkali metals (e.g., Li, Na, K, Rb, and Cs), and fluorides of alkaline earth metals (e.g., Ca, Sr, and Ba). F-type solid electrolytes can be fluorides containing two or more lanthanides, alkali metals, and alkaline earth metals.

[0077] As a solid electrolyte of F, La can be cited as an example. (1-x) Ba x F (3-x) (0≤x≤2), Pb(2-x) Sn x F4(0≤x≤2), Ca (2-x) Ba x F4 (0≤x≤2) and Ce (1-x) Ba x F (3-x) (0≤x≤2). The solid electrolyte F can be a known solid electrolyte.

[0078] As a conductive additive, the same substances as those exemplified as conductive additives in the first positive electrode layer 111A can be listed. As a binder, the same substances as those exemplified as binders in the first positive electrode layer 111A can be listed.

[0079] 1.1.1.2.2 Second Electrolyte Layer

[0080] The second electrolyte layer 122 contains an F solid electrolyte (an example of a second solid electrolyte) that conducts fluoride ions. The F solid electrolyte can be the same substance as the F solid electrolyte exemplified as the second positive electrode layer 121. Additionally, the second solid electrolyte can contain at least one of lanthanide fluorides, alkali metal fluorides, and alkaline earth metal fluorides.

[0081] The F solid electrolyte layer may further include a binder. The binder can be used for bonding between the F solid electrolytes. The binder can be used for bonding the F solid electrolyte to the second positive electrode layer 121 or the second negative electrode layer 123. As a binder, the same substances exemplified as those used as binders for the first positive electrode layer 111A can be listed.

[0082] 1.1.1.2.3 Second Negative Electrode Layer

[0083] The second negative electrode layer 123 contains a negative electrode active material (hereinafter also referred to as "F negative electrode active material") that undergoes a fluoride ion desorption reaction during charging and a fluoride ion binding reaction during discharging. The second negative electrode layer 123 may contain at least one of F solid electrolyte, conductive additive, and binder as needed.

[0084] As the negative electrode active material (F), any active material with a lower potential than the positive electrode active material (F) can be selected. Examples of negative electrode active materials (F) include fluorides of elemental metals, alloys, and metal oxides. Examples of metal elements contained in the negative electrode active material include La, Ca, Al, Eu, Li, Si, Ge, Sn, In, V, Cd, Cr, Fe, Zn, Ga, Ti, Nb, Mn, Yb, Zr, Sm, Ce, Mg, and Pb. Among these, MgF₂ is preferred. x AlF x LaF xCeF x CaF x or PbF x It should be noted that x above is a real number greater than 0. The negative electrode active material F can be a known negative electrode active material.

[0085] As the F solid electrolyte, the same substances as those exemplified as the F solid electrolyte used in the second positive electrode layer 121 can be listed. As the conductive aid, the same substances as those exemplified as the conductive aid used in the first positive electrode layer 111A can be listed. As the binder, the same substances as those exemplified as the binder used in the first positive electrode layer 111A can be listed.

[0086] 1.1.1.2.4 Preferred Method

[0087] Preferably, the lithium ion (an example of an ion of the first element) in the first electrolyte layer 112A has a higher ionic conductivity than the fluoride ion (an example of an ion of the second element) in the first electrolyte layer 112A, and the fluoride ion in the second electrolyte layer 122 has a higher ionic conductivity than the lithium ion in the second electrolyte layer 122.

[0088] Such a combination of the first electrolyte layer 112A and the second electrolyte layer 122 can be achieved by adjusting the type of the Li solid electrolyte in the first electrolyte layer 112A and the type of the F solid electrolyte in the second electrolyte layer 122. As an example, the Li solid electrolyte in the first electrolyte layer 112A could be Li6PS5Cl, and the F solid electrolyte in the second electrolyte layer 122 could be La. (1-x) Ba x F (3-x) (0≤x≤2)(For example, La) 0.9 Ba 0.1 F 2.9 (The situation is as follows.)

[0089] From the viewpoint of improving the battery performance of battery 1A, it is preferable that the Li positive electrode active material and the Li negative electrode active material do not undergo fluoride ion binding reaction during charging or discharging, and that the F positive electrode active material and the F negative electrode active material do not undergo lithium ion binding reaction during charging or discharging. As an example, the Li positive electrode active material can be a lithium composite oxide represented by formula (1) (e.g., LiNi). 1 / 3 Co 1 / 3 Mg 1 / 3 The case where O2, Li is the negative electrode active material and graphite is the negative electrode active material and Cu is the positive electrode active material and AlF3 is the negative electrode active material.

[0090] 1.1.2 Resin body

[0091] The resin body 20 prevents short circuits in the electrode stack 10A. Specifically, the resin body 20 prevents at least one of the first positive electrode layer 111A and the second positive electrode layer 121 from short-circuiting with at least one of the first negative electrode layer 113A and the second negative electrode layer 123.

[0092] The shape and size of the resin body 20 are not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected according to the application of the battery 1A. The material of the resin body 20 is not particularly limited as long as it can prevent short circuits in the electrode stack 10A, and can be a known resin (e.g., thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin). Thermoplastic resin can be an elastomer.

[0093] 1.1.3 Exterior body

[0094] The outer casing 30 houses the electrode laminate 10A, the resin body 20, the positive terminal 41, and the negative terminal 42. The shape and size of the outer casing 30 are not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the intended use of the battery 1A. Examples of outer casing 30 include laminated outer casings and metal cans (e.g., square, cylindrical, and coin-shaped).

[0095] 1.1.4 Positive extreme

[0096] The positive terminal 41 is used to conduct electricity generated in the electrode stack 10A to the outside of the battery 1A. The shape and size of the positive terminal 41 can be appropriately selected according to the application of the battery 1A. Examples of materials for the positive terminal 41 include metals (e.g., stainless steel, aluminum, copper, nickel, iron, titanium, carbon, and aluminum alloys).

[0097] 1.1.5 Negative extremes

[0098] The negative terminal 42 is used to conduct electricity generated in the electrode stack 10A to the outside of the battery 1A. The shape and size of the negative terminal 42 can be appropriately selected according to the application of the battery 1A. Examples of materials for the negative terminal 42 include metals (e.g., stainless steel, aluminum, copper, nickel, iron, titanium, and carbon).

[0099] 1.1.6 Applications

[0100] Applications of Battery 1A include power sources for electrical equipment (e.g., vehicles, electronic devices, and energy storage devices). For vehicles, examples include electric four-wheeled vehicles, electric two-wheeled vehicles, gasoline vehicles, and diesel vehicles. For electric four-wheeled vehicles, examples include battery electric vehicles (BEVs), plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs), and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs). For electric two-wheeled vehicles, examples include electric motorcycles and electric-assisted bicycles. For electronic devices, examples include handheld devices (e.g., smartphones, tablets, and audio players), portable devices (e.g., laptops and CD (CompactDisc) players), and mobile devices (e.g., power tools and business cameras). Preferably, Battery 1A is used as a power source for driving hybrid electric vehicles, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, or electric vehicles.

[0101] 1.2 Battery manufacturing method

[0102] The battery manufacturing method of the first embodiment is a method for manufacturing battery 1A. This method includes a preparation step, a lamination step, a resin body formation step, and a sealing step. The preparation step, lamination step, resin body formation step, and sealing step can be performed sequentially.

[0103] 1.2.1 Preparation process

[0104] In the preparation process, a first positive electrode sheet constituting the first positive electrode layer 111A, a first electrolyte sheet constituting the first electrolyte layer 112A, a first negative electrode sheet constituting the first negative electrode layer 113A, a second positive electrode sheet constituting the second positive electrode layer 121, a second electrolyte sheet constituting the second electrolyte layer 122, and a second negative electrode sheet constituting the second negative electrode layer 123 are prepared.

[0105] The first positive electrode, the first electrolyte, the first negative electrode, the second positive electrode, the second electrolyte, and the second negative electrode are sheet-like processed products (i.e., independent sheets).

[0106] The method for preparing the first positive electrode, the first electrolyte, the first negative electrode, the second positive electrode, the second electrolyte, and the second negative electrode can be a known method.

[0107] In the preparation process, a positive terminal piece constituting the positive terminal 41 and a negative terminal piece constituting the negative terminal 42 may also be prepared. The preparation methods for the positive and negative terminal pieces can be known methods.

[0108] 1.2.2 Lamination process

[0109] In the lamination process, a first positive electrode sheet, a first electrolyte sheet, a first negative electrode sheet, a second positive electrode sheet, a second electrolyte sheet, and a second negative electrode sheet are laminated. Specifically, in the first embodiment, the positive terminal sheet, the first positive electrode sheet, the first electrolyte sheet, the first negative electrode sheet, the second positive electrode sheet, the second electrolyte sheet, the second negative electrode sheet, the first positive electrode sheet, the first electrolyte sheet, the first negative electrode sheet, the second positive electrode sheet, the second electrolyte sheet, the second negative electrode sheet, and the negative terminal sheet are sequentially laminated along the lamination direction D. This yields a first semi-finished product. The first semi-finished product sequentially comprises a positive terminal 41, an electrode laminate 10A, and a negative terminal 42 along the lamination direction D.

[0110] There are no particular restrictions on the stacking method; any well-known method can be used.

[0111] 1.2.3 Resin body formation process

[0112] In the resin body forming process, a resin body 20 is formed on the entire side of the first semi-finished product. This yields a second semi-finished product. The second semi-finished product has the same structure as the battery 1A, except that it lacks the outer casing 30.

[0113] The method for preparing the resin body 20 and the method for forming the resin body 20 are not particularly limited and can be any known method. The material of the resin body 20 can be a sheet product (i.e., a separate sheet) or a paste.

[0114] 1.2.4 Sealing process

[0115] In the sealing process, the second semi-finished product is placed inside the outer casing 30 to seal the electrode stack 10A. This yields the battery 1A.

[0116] There are no particular limitations on the preparation, configuration, and sealing methods of the outer casing 30; any known methods may be used.

[0117] 1.3 Effects

[0118] For reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 As explained, battery 1A comprises a first unit cell 11A and a second unit cell 12 sequentially along the stacking direction D. The first unit cell 11A sequentially comprises a first positive electrode layer 111A, a first electrolyte layer 112A, and a first negative electrode layer 113A along the stacking direction D. The second unit cell 12 sequentially comprises a second positive electrode layer 121, a second electrolyte layer 122, and a second negative electrode layer 123 along the stacking direction D. The first element (i.e., lithium) that carries the ions in the first unit cell 11A is different from the second element (i.e., fluorine) that carries the ions in the second unit cell 12.

[0119] Even if there is no current collector sandwiched between the first cell 11A and the second cell 12, a short circuit is unlikely to occur. As a result, cell 1A is a cell with excellent energy density.

[0120] For reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 As explained, in battery 1A, the first element (i.e., lithium) is an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal, and the second element (i.e., fluorine) is an element that is different from alkali metals and alkaline earth metals.

[0121] Even when the first electrode layer (i.e., the first positive electrode layer 111A or the first negative electrode layer 113A) is in a state of reacting with the carrier ions (i.e., lithium ions) of the first cell due to charging or discharging of battery 1A, and is in contact with the second electrode layer (i.e., the second negative electrode layer 123 or the second positive electrode layer 121), the carrier ions of the first cell 11A are not easily migrated to the second electrode layer. Similarly, even when the second electrode layer (i.e., the second positive electrode layer 121 or the second negative electrode layer 123) is in a state of reacting with the carrier ions (i.e., fluoride ions) of the second cell due to charging or discharging of battery 1A, and is in contact with the first electrode layer (i.e., the first negative electrode layer 113A or the first positive electrode layer 111A), the carrier ions of the second cell 12 are not easily migrated to the first electrode layer. As a result, the battery performance of battery 1A is not easily degraded.

[0122] For reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 As explained, the second element in battery 1A includes fluorine. Therefore, the battery performance of battery 1A is less prone to degradation.

[0123] For reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 As explained, in battery 1A, the first element contains lithium. Therefore, the battery performance of battery 1A is less prone to degradation.

[0124] For reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 As explained, in battery 1A, the first electrolyte layer 112A contains a first solid electrolyte, and the second electrolyte layer 122 contains a second solid electrolyte that is different from the first solid electrolyte. Therefore, battery 1A offers superior safety compared to cases where at least one of the first electrolyte layer 112A and the second electrolyte layer 122 contains a non-aqueous electrolyte.

[0125] For reference Figure 1 and Figure 2As explained, in battery 1A, it is preferable that the lithium ion conductivity of the first electrolyte layer 112A is higher than the fluoride ion conductivity of the first electrolyte layer 112A, and the fluoride ion conductivity of the second electrolyte layer 122 is higher than the lithium ion conductivity of the second electrolyte layer 122.

[0126] In battery 1A, the first electrolyte layer 112A selectively conducts lithium ions, and the second electrolyte layer 122 selectively conducts fluoride ions. As a result, the battery performance of battery 1A is not easily degraded.

[0127] For reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 As explained, in battery 1A, the first cell 11A is in contact with the second cell 12 without being sandwiched by a current collector. Compared to the case where battery 1A has a current collector, battery 1A has a better energy density.

[0128] For reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 As explained, the battery manufacturing method of the first embodiment includes a preparation step and a stacking step. The battery manufacturing method of the first embodiment is capable of manufacturing a battery 1A with excellent energy density.

[0129] 2 Second Implementation Method

[0130] 2.1 Battery

[0131] The battery 1B of the second embodiment is the same as the battery 1A of the first embodiment, except that it has a current collector with two or more through holes.

[0132] like Figure 2 As shown, battery 1B includes an electrode stack 10B, a resin body 20, an outer casing 30, a positive terminal 41, and a negative terminal 42.

[0133] The electrode stack 10B includes two or more first unit cells 11A, two or more second unit cells 12, and a current collector 13 with two or more through holes. The first unit cells 11A, current collector 13, second unit cells 12, current collector 13, first unit cells 11A, current collector 13, and second unit cells 12 are sequentially stacked along the stacking direction D. The first unit cells 11A and second unit cells 12 are connected in series. The current collector 13 is disposed between the first unit cells 11A and the second unit cells 12.

[0134] The current collector 13 supports either the first unit battery 11A or the second unit battery 12. The current collector 13 can be foil-shaped. The size of the through-hole in the current collector 13 can be such that the first unit battery 11A and the second unit battery 12 are in physical contact. The shape of the through-hole in the current collector 13 is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected according to the application of the battery 1A, etc. The thickness of the current collector 13 can be less than 10 μm, for example, it can be 5 μm. Examples of current collectors 13 include mesh-like current collector foils and current collector foils with a thinner thickness (e.g., less than 10 μm). Current collector foils with a thinner thickness (e.g., less than 10 μm) typically have through-holes.

[0135] 2.2 Effects

[0136] Battery 1B is identical to battery 1A except that the electrode stack 10B has a current collector 13. Therefore, battery 1B performs the same function as battery 1A.

[0137] For reference Figure 3 As explained, battery 1B further includes current collector 13.

[0138] Battery 1B can be manufactured, for example, using a first cell 11A formed on the current collector 13 and a second cell 12 formed on the current collector 13. Compared to the case where battery 1B does not have a current collector 13, battery 1B has better productivity.

[0139] 3 Third Implementation Method

[0140] 3.1 Battery

[0141] The battery of the third embodiment is the same as the battery 1A of the first embodiment, except that the first element that carries the carrier ions of the first cell is sodium.

[0142] The battery comprises an electrode stack, a resin body 20, an outer casing 30, a positive terminal 41, and a negative terminal 42. The electrode stack comprises two or more first-unit cells and two or more second-unit cells 12.

[0143] 3.1.1 First Unit Battery

[0144] The first element that serves as the carrier ion in the first cell is sodium (an example of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal). That is, the first cell is a sodium-ion secondary cell.

[0145] The first unit cell has a first positive electrode layer, a first electrolyte layer, and a first negative electrode layer. The first positive electrode layer, the first electrolyte layer, and the first negative electrode layer are stacked sequentially along the stacking direction D.

[0146] 3.1.1.1 First Positive Electrode Layer

[0147] The first positive electrode layer is the same as the first positive electrode layer 111A in the first embodiment, except that the first element that serves as the carrier ion is sodium.

[0148] The first positive electrode layer contains a positive electrode active material (hereinafter also referred to as "Na positive electrode active material") that undergoes a reaction of sodium ion desorption during charging and a reaction of sodium ion binding during discharging. The first positive electrode layer may contain at least one of a solid electrolyte that conducts sodium ions (hereinafter also referred to as "Na solid electrolyte"), a conductive additive, and a binder, as needed.

[0149] The preferred active material for the Na-containing cathode is a Na-containing composite oxide. "Na-containing composite oxide" refers to an oxide containing, in addition to Na, a metallic element (transition metal element, etc.) and / or a non-metallic element (P, S, etc.). Examples of Na-containing active materials for the cathode include layered compounds, spinel compounds, and polyanionic compounds. Specifically, Na-containing compounds and spinel compounds are examples of... x MO2 (0 < x ≤ 1, M is at least one of Fe, Ni, Co, Mn, V, and Cr), etc. Examples of polyanionic compounds include Na3V2(PO4)3, Na2Fe2(SO4)3, NaFePO4, NaFeP2O7, Na2MP2O7 (M is at least one of Fe, Ni, Co, and Mn), and Na4M3(PO4)2P2O7 (M is at least one of Fe, Ni, Co, and Mn). Na-based positive electrode active materials can be well-known positive electrode active materials.

[0150] The Na solid electrolyte preferably comprises one selected from the group consisting of sulfide solid electrolytes, oxide solid electrolytes, boride solid electrolytes, and fluoride solid electrolytes. Examples of sulfide solid electrolytes include Na3PS4, Na3SbS4, and Na... 2.88 Sb 0.88 W 0.12 S4, etc. Examples of oxide solid electrolytes include Na3Zr2PSi2O. 12 And Na₂O₁₁Al₂O₃, etc. As boride solid electrolytes, examples include NaBH₄, NaB, etc. 10 H 10 NaCB9H 10 NaCB 11 H 12 and NaB 12 Cl 12 Examples of fluoride solid electrolytes include NaPF6 and NaBF4.

[0151] 3.1.1.2 First Electrolyte Layer

[0152] The first electrolyte layer is the same as the first electrolyte layer 112A in the first embodiment, except that the first element that serves as the carrier ion is sodium.

[0153] The first electrolyte layer comprises a Na solid electrolyte (an example of a first solid electrolyte) that conducts sodium ions, and may further comprise a binder if necessary. The Na solid electrolyte is not particularly limited and may be an aggregate of multiple particles. Examples of Na solid electrolytes include substances similar to those exemplified as the Na solid electrolyte in the first positive electrode layer. The Na solid electrolyte may be a known solid electrolyte.

[0154] 3.1.1.3 First Negative Electrode Layer

[0155] The first negative electrode layer is the same as the first negative electrode layer 113A in the first embodiment, except that sodium is the first element that serves as the carrier ion.

[0156] The first negative electrode layer contains a negative electrode active material (hereinafter also referred to as "Na negative electrode active material") that undergoes a reaction of sodium ion binding during charging and a reaction of sodium ion desorption during discharging. The first negative electrode layer may contain at least one of Na solid electrolyte, conductive additive, and binder as needed.

[0157] Examples of active materials for Na anodes include Na-based active materials (e.g., metallic sodium), carbon-based active materials (e.g., graphite and hard carbon), oxide-based active materials (e.g., sodium titanate), and Na-based active materials (e.g., elemental Na).

[0158] 3.1.1.4 Preferred Method

[0159] Preferably, the ionic conductivity of sodium ions (an example of ions of the first element) in the first electrolyte layer 112A is higher than that of fluoride ions (an example of ions of the second element) in the first electrolyte layer 112A, and the ionic conductivity of fluoride ions in the second electrolyte layer 122 is higher than that of lithium ions in the second electrolyte layer 122.

[0160] Such a combination of the first electrolyte layer and the second electrolyte layer 122 can be achieved by adjusting the type of Na solid electrolyte in the first electrolyte layer 112A and the type of F solid electrolyte in the second electrolyte layer 122. As an example, the Na solid electrolyte in the first electrolyte layer could be NaPS4, and the F solid electrolyte in the second electrolyte layer 122 could be La. (1-x) Ba x F (3-x) (0≤x≤2)(For example, La) 0.9 Ba 0.1 F 2.9(The situation is as follows.)

[0161] From the viewpoint of improving battery performance, it is preferable that the Na positive electrode active material and the Na negative electrode active material do not undergo fluoride ion binding reactions during charging or discharging, and that the F positive electrode active material and the F negative electrode active material do not undergo sodium ion binding reactions during charging or discharging. As an example, the Na positive electrode active material can be exemplified as a lithium composite oxide represented by formula (1) (e.g., Na...). x The case of MO2 (0<x≤1, M is at least one of Fe, Ni, Co, Mn, V and Cr)), Na negative electrode active material is hard carbon, F positive electrode active material is Cu, and F negative electrode active material is AlF3.

[0162] 3.2 Effects

[0163] This battery is identical to battery 1A except that its primary element is sodium. Therefore, this battery performs the same function as battery 1A.

[0164] 4. Fourth Implementation Method

[0165] 4.1 Battery

[0166] The battery of the fourth embodiment is the same as the battery 1A of the first embodiment, except that the first element that serves as the carrier ion of the first cell is magnesium.

[0167] The battery comprises an electrode stack, a resin body 20, an outer casing 30, a positive terminal 41, and a negative terminal 42. The electrode stack comprises two or more first-unit cells and two or more second-unit cells 12.

[0168] 4.1.1 First Unit Battery

[0169] The first element that serves as the carrier ion in the first cell is magnesium (an example of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal). That is, the first cell is a magnesium-ion secondary cell.

[0170] The first unit cell has a first positive electrode layer, a first electrolyte layer, and a first negative electrode layer. The first positive electrode layer, the first electrolyte layer, and the first negative electrode layer are stacked sequentially along the stacking direction D.

[0171] 4.1.1.1 First Positive Electrode Layer

[0172] The first cathode layer is the same as the first cathode layer 111A in the first embodiment, except that magnesium is the first element that serves as the carrier ion.

[0173] The first positive electrode layer contains a positive electrode active material (hereinafter also referred to as "Mg positive electrode active material") that undergoes a reaction of magnesium ion desorption during charging and a reaction of magnesium ion binding during discharging. The first positive electrode layer may contain at least one of a conductive additive and a binder as needed.

[0174] Examples of active materials for Mg cathodes include MgCo2O4, MgFeSiO4, S, MnO2, Mo6S8, and V2O5.

[0175] 4.1.1.2 First Electrolyte Layer

[0176] The first electrolyte layer is the same as the first electrolyte layer 112A in the first embodiment, except that the first element that serves as the carrier ion is magnesium.

[0177] The first electrolyte layer comprises a Mg solid electrolyte (an example of a first solid electrolyte) that conducts magnesium ions, and may further comprise a binder if necessary. Examples of Mg solid electrolytes include Mg... 2-1.5x Al x SiO4, Mg 2-1.5y-0.5z Al y- z Zn z SiO4, MgZr4(PO4)6, MgM1PO4, Mg 1-a M 2a Examples of solid electrolytes include M3(M4O4)3 and Mg(BH4)(NH2). x satisfies the condition 0.1 ≤ x ≤ 1. y satisfies the condition 0.5 ≤ y ≤ 1. z satisfies the condition 0.5 ≤ z ≤ 0.9. yz satisfies the condition yz ≥ 0. y+z satisfies the condition y+z ≤ 1. M1 is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Zr, Nb, and Hf. M2 is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ca, Sr, Ba, and Ra. M3 is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Zr and Hf. M4 is at least one element selected from the group consisting of W and Mo. a satisfies the condition 0 ≤ a < 1. Mg solid electrolytes can be known solid electrolytes.

[0178] 4.1.1.3 First Negative Electrode Layer

[0179] The first negative electrode layer is the same as the first negative electrode layer 113A in the first embodiment, except that the first element that serves as the carrier ion is magnesium.

[0180] The first negative electrode layer contains a negative electrode active material (hereinafter also referred to as "Mg negative electrode active material") that undergoes a reaction of magnesium ion binding during charging and a reaction of magnesium ion desorption during discharging. The first negative electrode layer may contain at least one of a conductive additive and a binder as needed.

[0181] Examples of active anode materials for magnesium include metals (e.g., magnesium, tin, bismuth, and antimony) and alloys. For example, an alloy of magnesium with at least one selected from aluminum, silicon, gallium, zinc, tin, manganese, bismuth, and antimony.

[0182] 4.2 Effects

[0183] This battery is identical to battery 1A except that its primary element is magnesium. Therefore, this battery performs the same function as battery 1A.

[0184] 5. Variations

[0185] In the first and second embodiments, the first element is lithium and the second element is fluorine. In the third embodiment, the first element is sodium and the second element is fluorine. In the fourth embodiment, the first element is magnesium and the second element is fluorine. The invention is not limited to these embodiments. The first element can be an alkali metal (e.g., lithium, sodium, and potassium) or an alkaline earth metal (e.g., beryllium, magnesium, and calcium), and may also include lithium, sodium, or magnesium. The second element can be an element different from alkali metals and alkaline earth metals.

[0186] In the first and second embodiments, the first electrolyte layer 112A comprises a Li solid electrolyte, and the second electrolyte layer 122 comprises an F solid electrolyte. In the third embodiment, the first electrolyte layer comprises a Na solid electrolyte, and the second electrolyte layer 122 comprises an F solid electrolyte. In the fourth embodiment, the first electrolyte layer comprises a Mg solid electrolyte, and the second electrolyte layer 122 comprises an F solid electrolyte. The invention is not limited to these embodiments. The first and second electrolyte layers may contain at least one of a non-aqueous electrolyte containing a lithium salt (e.g., LiPF6), a non-aqueous gel electrolyte, and an ion-conducting polymer.

[0187] In the first and second embodiments, it is preferable that the ionic conductivity of lithium ions in the first electrolyte layer 112A is higher than that of fluoride ions in the first electrolyte layer 112A, and that the ionic conductivity of fluoride ions in the second electrolyte layer 122 is higher than that of lithium ions in the second electrolyte layer 122, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The ionic conductivity of ions of the first element in the first electrolyte layer may be the same as that of ions of the second element in the first electrolyte layer. The ionic conductivity of ions of the second element in the second electrolyte layer may be the same as that of ions of the first element in the second electrolyte layer.

[0188] In the first embodiment, there are two first unit batteries 11A and two second unit batteries 12, but the invention is not limited thereto. The number of first unit batteries can be one or more. The number of second unit batteries can be one or more.

Claims

1. A battery comprising a first cell and a second cell, characterized in that, The first cell and the second cell are stacked in the stacking direction in the order of the first cell and the second cell. The first cell has a first positive electrode layer, a first electrolyte layer, and a first negative electrode layer in the order of a first positive electrode layer, a first electrolyte layer, and a first negative electrode layer along the stacking direction. The second cell has a second positive electrode layer, a second electrolyte layer, and a second negative electrode layer in the order of a second positive electrode layer, a second electrolyte layer, and a second negative electrode layer along the stacking direction. The first element that becomes the carrier ion of the first unit cell is different from the second element that becomes the carrier ion of the second unit cell.

2. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first element is an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal. The second element is an element that is different from alkali metals and alkaline earth metals.

3. The battery according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second element contains fluorine.

4. The battery according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first element contains lithium, sodium, or magnesium.

5. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first electrolyte layer contains a first solid electrolyte. The second electrolyte layer contains a second solid electrolyte that is different from the first solid electrolyte.

6. The battery according to claim 5, characterized in that, The ionic conductivity of the ions of the first element in the first electrolyte layer is higher than that of the ions of the second element in the first electrolyte layer. The ionic conductivity of the ions of the second element in the second electrolyte layer is higher than that of the ions of the first element in the second electrolyte layer.

7. The battery according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first cell is in contact with the second cell without clamping the current collector.

8. The battery according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a current collector with two or more through holes disposed between the first unit battery and the second unit battery.

9. The battery according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first solid electrolyte comprises at least one of the group consisting of sulfide solid electrolytes, oxide solid electrolytes, and halide solid electrolytes. The second solid electrolyte contains at least one of lanthanide fluorides, alkali metal fluorides, and alkaline earth metal fluorides.

10. The battery according to claim 7, characterized in that, The surface of the first cell that is perpendicular to the stacking direction and is closest to the second cell is in contact with the surface of the second cell that is perpendicular to the stacking direction.

11. The battery according to claim 10, characterized in that, The entire area of ​​the surface of the first cell battery that is closest to the second cell battery on the surface perpendicular to the stacking direction is in contact with the surface of the second cell battery that is perpendicular to the stacking direction. The entire area of ​​the surface of the second cell that is closest to the first cell on the surface perpendicular to the stacking direction is in contact with the surface of the first cell that is perpendicular to the stacking direction.

12. A method for manufacturing a battery, comprising a method for manufacturing the battery of claim 7, characterized in that, The process includes the following steps: Prepare a first positive electrode sheet to form the first positive electrode layer, a first electrolyte sheet to form the first electrolyte layer, a first negative electrode sheet to form the first negative electrode layer, a second positive electrode sheet to form the second positive electrode layer, a second electrolyte sheet to form the second electrolyte layer, and a second negative electrode sheet to form the second negative electrode layer; and... The first positive electrode, the first electrolyte sheet, the first negative electrode, the second positive electrode, the second electrolyte sheet, and the second negative electrode are stacked.

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