Battery control unit role determination method, storage medium, product

Abstract

The application discloses a role determination method of a battery control unit, a storage medium and a product. The method is applied to a battery control unit under a secondary architecture of an energy storage system. The battery control unit comprises a control module and a first interface. The first interface comprises pre-defined first type pins. The first type pins of the first interface are pins for detecting a level signal. The control module is connected with the first type pins of the first interface. The method is executed by the control module. The method comprises the following steps: collecting a level signal at the first type pins of the first interface; and determining a role of the battery control unit under the secondary architecture of the energy storage system according to the level signal at the first type pins of the first interface. In the embodiment of the application, the role of the battery control unit is automatically identified as a host or a slave. The role is determined by detecting the level signal of the first type pins, so that corresponding strategies can be executed according to the role subsequently.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of energy storage technology, and in particular to a method for determining the role of a battery control unit, a storage medium, and a product. Background Technology

[0002] In user-side energy storage systems, battery management systems typically employ a two-tier architecture topology. Multiple Battery Control Units (BCUs) are cascaded via network cables to achieve a hybrid network of Ethernet and CAN communication, saving on wiring costs and simplifying cabling. In this architecture, the system does not have independent Battery Array Units (BAUs). Instead, one of the multiple BCUs acts as the host, serving as a virtual battery array unit to manage the entire battery stack (i.e., a multi-cluster parallel system).

[0003] However, in multi-cluster systems without battery array units, it is crucial to accurately identify the role of each battery control unit (e.g., master or slave) from among multiple cascaded battery control units in order for them to execute appropriate strategies. Current technology lacks a simple and reliable identification mechanism for proactively determining the role of battery control units. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a method, storage medium, and product for determining the role of a battery control unit, in order to solve the problem that the role of the battery control unit cannot be actively identified in a two-level architecture of an energy storage system.

[0005] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a method for determining the role of a battery control unit is provided, applied to a battery control unit in a two-level architecture of an energy storage system. The battery control unit includes a control module and a first interface. The first interface includes predefined first-type pins, which are pins used for detecting level signals. The control module is connected to the first-type pins of the first interface. The method is executed by the control module.

[0006] The method includes:

[0007] Collect the level signal at the first type of pin of the first interface;

[0008] Based on the level signal at the first type of pin of the first interface, the role of itself in the secondary architecture of the energy storage system is determined.

[0009] Optionally, determining its role in the secondary architecture of the energy storage system based on the level signal at the first type of pin of the first interface includes:

[0010] The system detects that the level signal of the first type of pin of the first interface is at the first level, and determines that it is the host.

[0011] The system detects that the voltage level of the first type of pin on the first interface is at the second level, thus determining that it is a slave device.

[0012] Optionally, the battery control unit further includes an identification module, which is connected to the first type of pin of the first interface through the identification module. The identification module is used to identify the level signal of the first type of pin of the first interface.

[0013] The acquisition of the level signal at the first type of pin of the first interface includes:

[0014] The identification module acquires the level signal at the first type of pin of the first interface.

[0015] Optionally, the battery control unit further includes a second interface, an output module, a CAN switch, a first differential signal line, a second differential signal line, a first terminating resistor switch, a first terminating resistor, a second terminating resistor switch, and a second terminating resistor. The first interface and the second interface each include predefined second-type pins, which are pins used for CAN communication. The second-type pins include first sub-pins and second sub-pins. The first sub-pin of the first interface is connected to the first sub-pin of the second interface via the first differential signal line, and the second sub-pin of the first interface is connected to the second sub-pin of the second interface via the second differential signal line. The first terminating resistor switch and the first terminating resistor are connected in series between the first differential signal line and the second differential signal line. The second terminating resistor switch and the second terminating resistor are connected in series between the first differential signal line and the second differential signal line. The first terminating resistor is located on the first interface side, and the second terminating resistor is located on the second interface side. The control module is connected to the first differential signal line and the second differential signal line respectively. The first differential signal line and the second differential signal line are each equipped with the CAN switch, and the CAN switch is located on the first interface side.

[0016] The second interface also includes the first type of pins. The control module is connected to the first type of pins of the second interface through the output module. The output module is used to output a level signal according to the signal output by the control module. When the battery control unit is connected to the next-level battery control unit, the first type of pins of the second interface is connected to the first type of pins of the first interface of the next-level battery control unit.

[0017] Optionally, after detecting that the level signal of the first type of pin of the first interface is at the second level and determining that it is a slave device, the method further includes:

[0018] Collect the voltage signal at the first type of pin of the second interface;

[0019] The slave device type is determined based on the voltage signal at the first type pin of the second interface.

[0020] Optionally, determining the slave type based on the voltage signal at the first type of pin of the second interface includes:

[0021] If the voltage signal at the first type pin of the second interface is less than or equal to the preset voltage value, the slave type of itself is determined to be an intermediate slave.

[0022] If the voltage signal at the first type pin of the second interface is greater than the preset voltage value, the slave type is determined to be a terminal slave.

[0023] Optionally, after determining that its own slave type is a terminal slave, the process further includes:

[0024] The CAN switches on both the first and second differential signal lines are closed, the first terminating resistor switch is opened, the second terminating resistor switch is closed, and a single-cluster strategy is executed.

[0025] Optionally, after determining that its own slave type is an intermediate slave, the process further includes:

[0026] The CAN switches on the first and second differential signal lines are both closed, the first and second terminating resistor switches are opened, and a single-cluster strategy is executed.

[0027] Optionally, after detecting that the level signal of the first type of pin of the first interface is a first level and determining that it is a host, the method further includes:

[0028] Collect the voltage signal at the first type of pin of the second interface;

[0029] The host type to which it belongs is determined based on the voltage signal at the first type pin of the second interface.

[0030] Optionally, determining the host type based on the voltage signal at the first type pin of the second interface includes:

[0031] If the voltage signal at the first type pin of the second interface is less than or equal to the preset voltage value, the host type to which it belongs is determined to be a multi-cluster host.

[0032] If the voltage signal at the first type pin of the second interface is greater than the preset voltage value, the host type to which it belongs is determined to be a single-cluster host.

[0033] Optionally, after determining that its host type is a multi-cluster host, the process further includes:

[0034] The CAN switches on both the first and second differential signal lines are disconnected, the first terminating resistor switch is closed, the second terminating resistor switch is opened, and a multi-cluster strategy is executed.

[0035] Optionally, the multi-cluster strategy includes at least one of the following:

[0036] Assign communication addresses to other battery control units in the energy storage system in which it resides;

[0037] Calculate the stack charge state of its own energy storage system;

[0038] Calculate the stack health status of its own energy storage system;

[0039] Upload the stack summary data to the upstream device it is connected to; the stack summary data includes statistical characteristic values ​​of multiple battery clusters in the battery stack of the energy storage system and the corresponding cluster location index, the statistical characteristic values ​​are used to characterize the health, energy and safety status of the battery stack;

[0040] It controls the switching between grid-connected and off-grid operation modes of the energy storage system it is in.

[0041] Optionally, after determining that its host type is a single-cluster host, the process further includes:

[0042] The CAN switches on the first and second differential signal lines are both disconnected, the first and second terminating resistor switches are closed, and a single-cluster strategy is executed.

[0043] Optionally, the single-cluster strategy includes at least one of the following:

[0044] Calculate the cluster state of charge of the corresponding battery cluster;

[0045] Calculate the cluster health status of its corresponding battery cluster;

[0046] The cluster summary data of its corresponding battery cluster is uploaded to a preset device; the cluster summary data includes the statistical extreme values ​​of the cell state parameters in the cluster and their position index in the battery cluster; when it is a slave, the preset device is the master; when it is a single cluster master, the preset device is the upper-level device connected to the first interface of the battery control unit to which it is located.

[0047] According to another aspect of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is also provided, the computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions for causing a processor to execute and implement the role determination method of the battery control unit described in the first aspect.

[0048] According to a third aspect of the present invention, a computer program product is provided, comprising a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the role determination method for the battery control unit according to the first aspect.

[0049] In this embodiment of the invention, the level signal at the first type of pin of the first interface differs depending on the type of upstream device connected to the first interface. By collecting the level signal at the first type of pin, the type of upstream device connected to the first interface is determined, thereby determining the role of the battery control unit. In this embodiment of the invention, there is no need for manual on-site designation of the host; role determination is achieved by detecting the level signal of the first type of pin, automatically identifying the role of the battery control unit as either a host or a slave, so that corresponding strategies can be executed subsequently based on the role.

[0050] It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or essential features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the invention. Other features of the invention will become readily apparent from the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0051] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0052] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a first interface provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery control unit under a two-level architecture of an energy storage system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 3 A method for determining the role of a battery control unit is provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the battery control unit under another two-level architecture of an energy storage system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 5 A flowchart illustrating another method for determining the role of a battery control unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a two-level architecture for an energy storage system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0059] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0060] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0061] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a first interface provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a battery control unit in a two-level architecture of an energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The battery control unit includes a control module 10 and a first interface JR1. The first interface JR1 includes predefined first-type pins, which are used for detecting level signals. The control module 10 is connected to the first-type pins. Figure 2As shown, the first interface JR1 can be an Ethernet port. The first interface JR1 includes 8 pins, PIN1 to PIN8. PIN1 is the positive transmit data terminal (TX+), and PIN2 is the negative transmit data terminal (TX-). The positive transmit data terminal (TX+) and the negative transmit data terminal (TX-) form a differential pair, transmitting data through the voltage difference between the two pins. PIN3 is the positive receive data terminal (RX+), and PIN6 is the negative receive data terminal (RX-). The positive receive data terminal (RX+) and the negative receive data terminal (RX-) form a differential pair, transmitting data through the voltage difference between the two pins. PIN4, PIN5, PIN7, and PIN8 are unused pins in the first interface JR1. PIN4 is used as the positive signal input terminal (DI+), PIN5 as the negative signal input terminal (DI-), and PIN7 and PIN8 are used as CAN communication pins; that is, PIN7 is used as the CANH pin, and PIN8 as the CANL pin. In this embodiment, PIN4 and PIN5, which are not used in standard 10 / 100Mbps Ethernet communication, are used as the first type of pins in this embodiment. In this embodiment, PIN4 of the first interface JR1 is connected to the control module 10, and PIN5 of the first interface JR1 is connected to the first reference ground. Therefore, in subsequent embodiments, the level signal at the first type pin of the first interface JR1 is the level signal at PIN4 of the first interface JR1.

[0062] Figure 3 A method for determining the role of a battery control unit provided in this embodiment of the invention is applied to... Figure 2 In the battery control unit shown, the method is executed by the control module 10;

[0063] The methods for determining the role of the battery control unit include:

[0064] S110: Acquires the level signal at the first type of pin of the first interface.

[0065] During normal operation, such as at the initial moment after the control module 10 completes its self-test, the level signal at the first type pin of the first interface JR1 is detected. For example, after the system is powered on and reset, the control module 10 performs a level acquisition to obtain the initial state of the first type pin of the first interface JR1 for subsequent device identification.

[0066] S120: Determine its role in the secondary architecture of the energy storage system based on the level signal at the first type of pin of the first interface.

[0067] The method in this embodiment is executed by the control module, so "self" in this embodiment and the following embodiments refers to the control module. The first interface JR1 is used to connect to the upper-level device, and the level signal at the first type of pin is used to characterize the type information of the upper-level device. The upper-level device can be a cascaded device within a Battery Management System (BMS), hereinafter referred to as an internal cascaded device. An internal cascaded device can be a battery control unit. The upper-level device can also be a device outside the battery management system, referred to as an external device, such as a switch, inverter, or Energy Management System (EMS). The battery control unit connected to an external device is the host.

[0068] For each battery control unit, the upstream device is the device connected to the first interface of that battery control unit. In this embodiment and in the following embodiments, the current battery control unit is referred to as the i-th level battery control unit. i is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n-1, and n is the number of battery control units included in the battery management system.

[0069] For example, in the default state, the voltage level at the first type pin is low. When the upstream device is an internal cascaded device, specifically the (i-1)th level battery control unit, the control module of the (i-1)th level battery control unit will actively send a drive signal to the first type pin of the first interface JR1 of the i-th level battery control unit after power-on to pull the voltage level at the first type pin high. Alternatively, in the default state, the voltage level at the first type pin is within a first preset voltage range. When the upstream device is an internal cascaded device, specifically the (i-1)th level battery control unit, the (i-1)th level battery control unit will actively send a drive signal to the first type pin of the first interface JR1 of the i-th level battery control unit after power-on to pull the voltage level at the first type pin high to a second preset voltage range, which is different from the first preset voltage range. When the upstream device is an external device, the voltage level at the first type pin of the first interface JR1 of the i-th level battery control unit remains in the default state. Therefore, the type of upstream device connected to the first interface JR1 can be determined by the level signal at the first type pin of the first interface JR1. When the upstream device connected to the first interface JR1 is determined to be an external device, the current battery control unit is determined to be the master; when the upstream device connected to the first interface JR1 is determined to be an internal cascaded device, the current battery control unit is determined to be the slave. In existing technologies, when the system is expanded or the master is replaced, the battery control unit needs to be reconfigured. In this embodiment, the master is automatically identified, eliminating the need for reconfiguration. In this embodiment, all battery control units can be programmed with the same firmware. After identifying their own role, they subsequently execute different CAN switch control strategies based on their roles.

[0070] In this embodiment of the invention, the level signal at the first type of pin of the first interface differs depending on the type of upstream device connected to the first interface. By collecting the level signal at the first type of pin, the type of upstream device connected to the first interface is determined, thereby determining the role of the battery control unit. In this embodiment of the invention, there is no need for manual on-site designation of the host; role determination is achieved by detecting the level signal of the first type of pin, automatically identifying the role of the battery control unit as either a host or a slave, so that corresponding strategies can be executed subsequently based on the role.

[0071] The optional S120 further includes:

[0072] The system detects that the voltage level of the first type of pin on the first interface is at the first voltage level, thus identifying itself as the host.

[0073] The system detects that the voltage level of the first type of pin on the first interface is at the second level, thus determining that it is a slave device.

[0074] When the upstream device connected to the first interface JR1 of the i-th level battery control unit is an external device, the control module 10 acts as the master, interacting with the external device. The external device cannot drive a change in the potential of the first type pin of the first interface JR1 of the i-th level battery control unit; the level at the first type pin of the first interface JR1 remains at the default first level. When the upstream device connected to the first interface JR1 of the i-th level battery control unit is an internal cascaded device, the control module 10 of the i-th level battery control unit acts as a slave, interacting with the internal cascaded device connected to the first interface JR1 of its own battery control unit. Since the battery control unit in which the control module 10 resides is denoted as the i-th level battery control unit, the control module of the internal cascaded device (the (i-1)-th level battery control unit) above the i-th level battery control unit will send a drive signal to change the level of the first type pin of the first interface JR1 of the i-th level battery control unit from the first level to the second level. Therefore, by detecting the level of the first type pin of the first interface JR1 of the i-th level battery control unit, it can be determined whether the control module 10 of the i-th level battery control unit is a master or a slave. The first level can be low and the second level can be high.

[0075] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the battery control unit under another two-level architecture of an energy storage system provided in an embodiment of the present invention, with reference to... Figure 4 Optionally, the battery control unit further includes an identification module 11. The control module 10 is connected to the first type pin of the first interface JR1 through the identification module 11. The identification module 11 is used to identify the level signal of the first type pin of the first interface JR1. The identification module 11 is used to identify the level signal of the first type pin of the first interface JR1, which is a DC potential or logic level applied to the first interface JR1 by the upper-level device through the first type pin. In one feasible embodiment, the identification module 11 includes a voltage divider resistor network and a comparator / analog-to-digital converter (ADC). The voltage divider resistor network adjusts the voltage on the first type pin to a voltage range acceptable to the control module 10 (e.g., 0–3.3V or 0–5V). The comparator or ADC converts this voltage into a digital logic level (high level "1" or low level "0") that the control module 10 can recognize, or into a voltage value that the control module 10 can recognize. In another embodiment, the identification module 11 may also include pull-up resistors or pull-down resistors. When the first type pin of the first interface JR1 is floating or not driven by an external source, the pull-up / pull-down resistor fixes the level of the first pin in the default state (such as low level). When an external device actively drives the pin, the level of the first type pin will change with the external drive signal. The identification module 11 transmits the changed level signal to the control module 10, and then the identification module 11 collects the level signal at the first type pin of the first interface JR1.

[0076] Continue to refer to Figure 4 Optionally, in this embodiment, the identification module 11 is shown to include a first optocoupler 111, a first resistor R1, and a second resistor R2. The first end of the transmitter of the first optocoupler 111 is connected to a first type pin of the first interface JR1, and the second end of the transmitter of the first optocoupler 111 is connected to the first reference ground GND1.

[0077] The first end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the first power supply V1, and the second end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the first end of the receiving part of the first optocoupler 111. The second end of the receiving part of the first optocoupler 111 is connected to the receiving end MCU_RX of the control module 10. The first end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the second end of the receiving part of the first optocoupler 111, and the second end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the second reference ground GND2. Specifically, the first optocoupler 111 includes a first light-emitting diode D1 and a first transistor T1. The anode of the first light-emitting diode D1 serves as the first end of the emitting part, and the cathode of the first light-emitting diode D1 serves as the second end of the emitting part, connected to PIN5 of the first interface JR1. The first electrode (collector) of the first transistor T1 serves as the first end of the receiving part, and the second electrode (emitter) of the first transistor T1 serves as the second end of the receiving part.

[0078] Continue to refer to Figure 4The battery control unit also includes a second interface JR2, a CAN switch K1, a first differential signal line 13, a second differential signal line 14, a first terminating resistor switch K2, a first terminating resistor R11, a second terminating resistor switch K3, and a second terminating resistor R12. The first interface JR1 and the second interface JR2 each contain predefined second-type pins, which are used for CAN communication. These second-type pins include first sub-pins and second sub-pins. The first sub-pin of the first interface JR1 (PIN7 of the first interface JR1) is connected to the first sub-pin of the second interface JR2 (PIN7 of the second interface JR2) via the first differential signal line 13. The second sub-pin of the first interface JR1 (PIN8 of the first interface JR1) is connected to the first sub-pin of the second interface JR2 (PIN7 of the second interface JR2) via the first differential signal line 13. Two differential signal lines 14 are connected to the second sub-pin (PIN8 of the second interface JR2) of the second interface JR2. The first terminating resistor switch K2 and the first terminating resistor R11 are connected in series between the first differential signal line 13 and the second differential signal line 14. The second terminating resistor switch K3 and the second terminating resistor R12 are connected in series between the first differential signal line 13 and the second differential signal line 14. The first terminating resistor R11 is located on the side of the first interface JR1, and the second terminating resistor R12 is located on the side of the second interface JR2. The control module 10 is connected to the first differential signal line 13 and the second differential signal line 14 respectively. The first differential signal line 13 and the second differential signal line 14 are respectively provided with a CAN switch K1, and the CAN switch K1 is located on the side of the first interface JR1. In this embodiment, the battery control unit is equipped with two CAN switches K1. One is connected in series between the first sub-pin and the first node of the first interface JR1, and the other is connected in series between the second sub-pin and the second node of the first interface JR1. The first node is the connection node between the control module 10 and the second differential signal line 14, and the second node is the connection node between the control module 10 and the first differential signal line 13. When the first terminating resistor R11 is connected in series with the second differential signal line 14 and the first differential signal line 13, the connection node with the second differential signal line 14 and / or the first differential signal line 13 is at a preset distance from the pin of PIN7 or PIN8 of the first interface JR1, so that the first terminating resistor R11 is close to the side of the first interface JR1. When the second terminating resistor R12 is connected in series with the second differential signal line 14 and the first differential signal line 13, the connection node with the second differential signal line 14 and / or the first differential signal line 13 is at a preset distance from the pin of PIN7 or PIN8 of the second interface JR2, so that the second terminating resistor R12 is close to the side of the second interface JR2. Optionally, the preset distance can be less than or equal to one-tenth of the total length of the first differential signal line 13 (or CANL14 line).In this configuration, the two CAN switches K1 are controlled by a control pin of the control module 10, such as the first control pin; the first terminating resistor switch K2 is controlled by the second control pin of the control module 10; and the second terminating resistor switch K3 is controlled by the third control pin of the control module 10. The first differential signal line 13 and the second differential signal line constitute the CAN bus, wherein the first differential signal line 13 is the CANH line and the second differential signal line is the CANL line.

[0079] The second interface JR2 and the first interface JR1 are the same type of network port, both being Ethernet ports with similar pins. The difference lies in that pin 4 of the second interface JR2 is the positive signal output D0+, and pin 5 is the negative signal output D0-. Pin 7 of the first interface is used as the first sub-pin of the first interface JR1, and pin 8 of the first interface JR1 is used as the second sub-pin of the first interface JR1. Similarly, pin 7 of the second interface JR2 is used as the first sub-pin of the second interface JR2, and pin 8 of the second interface JR2 is used as the second sub-pin of the second interface JR2. For adjacent two-stage battery control units, the second interface JR2 of the preceding battery control unit is connected to the first interface JR1 of the following battery control unit. During connection, each pin is connected in a one-to-one correspondence. For example, pin 1 of the second interface JR2 of the preceding battery control unit is connected to pin 1 of the first interface JR1 of the following battery control unit, pin 2 of the second interface JR2 of the preceding battery control unit is connected to pin 2 of the first interface JR1 of the following battery control unit, and so on. When the control module 10 is connected to the second type pin of the first interface JR1 of the battery control unit where it resides, and both CAN switches K1 are closed, it can communicate with the upper-level device (external device or internal cascaded device) via the second type pin of the first interface JR1. The control module 10 is also connected to the second type pin of the second interface JR2 of its own battery control unit to communicate with the next-level battery control unit via the second type pin. Each battery control unit is configured with two terminating resistors, which are controlled according to the role of the battery control unit to meet the CAN communication requirements for terminating resistor configuration. PINs 1, 2, 3, and 6 of the first interface JR1 and PINs 1, 2, 3, and 6 of the second interface JR2 serve as Ethernet communication pins for Ethernet communication with the control module.

[0080] Continue to refer to Figure 4Optionally, the battery control unit further includes an output module 12, and the second interface JR2 further includes a first type of pin (PIN4 and PIN5 of the second interface JR2 are used as the first type of pins of the second interface JR2, and in this embodiment, PIN4 of the second interface JR2 is connected to the control module 10, and PIN5 is connected to the first reference ground. In subsequent embodiments, the voltage signal at the first type of pin of the second interface JR2 is collected, specifically the voltage signal of PIN4 of the second interface JR2). The control module 10 is connected to the first type of pin of the second interface JR2 through the output module 12. The output module 12 is used to output a level signal according to the signal output by the control module 10. When the current battery control unit connects to the next level battery control unit, the first type of pin of the second interface JR2 of the current battery control unit is connected to the first type of pin of the first interface JR1 of the next level battery control unit. The control module 10 is also used to output an enable signal to the first type pin of the second interface JR2 via the output module 12 at a preset output time, such as the initial time after the control module 10 is powered on. This enable signal is transmitted to the first type pin of the first interface JR1 of the next-level battery control unit via the second interface JR2 of the control unit itself, causing a change in the voltage level of the first type pin of the first interface JR1 of the next-level control unit, from a first level to a second level. External devices do not send enable signals and do not cause a change in the voltage level of the first type pin of the first interface JR1 of the connected battery control unit, thus maintaining the default voltage level of the first type pin of the first interface JR1.

[0081] Optionally, the output module 12 includes a second optocoupler 121, a third resistor R3, and a fourth resistor R4. The first end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the first power supply V1, and the second end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the first end of the transmitter of the second optocoupler 121. The second end of the transmitter of the second optocoupler 121 is connected to the transmitter MCU_TX of the control module 10. The first end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the second power supply V2, and the second end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the first end of the receiver of the second optocoupler 121. The second end of the receiver of the second optocoupler 121 is connected to the first type pin (PIN4) of the second interface JR2. Specifically, the second optocoupler 121 includes a second light-emitting diode D2 and a second transistor T2. The anode of the second light-emitting diode D2 serves as the first end of the transmitter, and the cathode of the second light-emitting diode D2 serves as the second end of the transmitter. The first electrode (collector) of the second transistor T2 serves as the first end of the receiver, and the second electrode (emitter) of the second transistor T2 serves as the second end of the receiver. In this embodiment, PIN5 of the second interface JR2 is also connected to PIN5 of the first interface JR1, which belongs to the same battery control unit as the second interface JR2, so as to control the potential of the first reference ground of different battery control units to the same potential.

[0082] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of another method for determining the role of a battery control unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment takes the method for determining the role of the i-th level battery control unit as an example. (Refer to...) Figure 4 and 5 Optionally, the method includes:

[0083] S111: After power-on, perform initialization and control the CAN switch to open, control the first terminal resistor switch to open, and control the second terminal resistor switch to open.

[0084] When the battery control unit is powered on and initialized, both CAN switches K1 are in the off state by default, and both terminating resistor switches are in the off state by default.

[0085] S121: Outputs an enable signal to the second type pin of the second interface through the output module.

[0086] For each battery control unit, the control module of the battery control unit outputs a low level from its own transmitter MCU_TX to the output module 12 to trigger the second optocoupler 121 to conduct. After the second optocoupler 121 conducts, it outputs an enable signal to the second type pin of the second interface JR2.

[0087] S131: Acquire the level signal at the first type of pin of the first interface.

[0088] Acquire the level signal at the first type pin of the first interface JR1 of the i-th level battery control unit.

[0089] S141: Is the first type of pin of the first interface at the first level? If yes, execute S151; otherwise, execute S211.

[0090] If the level signal of the first type pin of the first interface JR1 of the i-th level battery control unit is detected to be at the first level, the control module 10 of the i-th level battery control unit is determined to be the master, and S151 is executed. If the level signal of the first type pin of the first interface JR1 of the i-th level battery control unit is detected to be at the second level, the control module 10 of the i-th level battery control unit is determined to be the slave, and S211 is executed.

[0091] If the upstream device connected to the first interface JR1 of the i-th level battery control unit is an internal cascaded device, then after the second optocoupler 121 of the (i-1)-th level battery control unit, which is the upstream device, is turned on, it triggers the first optocoupler 111 of the i-th level battery control unit to be turned on. After the first optocoupler 111 is turned on, the signal received by the receiving end MCU_RX of the control module 10 of the i-th level battery control unit is a high level (voltage division of the second resistor R2). If the upstream device connected to the first interface JR1 of the i-th level battery control unit is an external device, then the first optocoupler 111 of the i-th level battery control unit cannot be turned on, and the signal received by the receiving end MCU_RX of the control module 10 of the i-th level battery control unit is a low level, i.e., the voltage provided by the second reference ground GND2, such as 0V.

[0092] When the upstream device connected to the first interface JR1 of the i-th level battery control unit is an internal cascaded device, i.e., connected to the (i-1)-th level battery control unit, both the second optocoupler 121 of the (i-1)-th level battery control unit and the first optocoupler 111 of the i-th level battery control unit are turned on, forming a path. The first type pin of the first interface JR1 of the i-th level battery control unit is clamped to the second level (e.g., 3V, a high level) to turn on the first optocoupler 111 of the i-th level battery control unit, thereby causing the receiving end MCU_RX of the control module 10 of the i-th level battery control unit to receive a high level (voltage division of the second resistor R2). When the upstream device is an external device, the first optocoupler 111 of the i-th level battery control unit cannot be turned on, and the first type pin of the first interface JR1 of the i-th level battery control unit is at the default level (0V), i.e., the first level (low level). At this time, the receiving end MCU_RX of the control module 10 receives a low level (voltage provided by the second reference ground GND2).

[0093] When the first type pin of the first interface JR1 of the i-th level battery control unit is at the first level, the upper-level device connected to the first interface JR1 of the i-th level battery control unit is determined to be an external device, and the control module 10 of the i-th level battery control unit is determined to be the master. When the first type pin of the first interface JR1 of the i-th level is at the second level, the upper-level device connected to the first interface JR1 of the i-th level battery control unit is determined to be an internal cascaded device, and the control module 10 of the i-th level battery control unit is determined to be the slave.

[0094] S151: Acquire the voltage signal at the first type of pin of the second interface.

[0095] The voltage signal at the first type pin of the second interface JR2 of the i-th stage battery control unit, namely PIN4 of the second interface JR2, is retrieved.

[0096] S161: Is the voltage signal at the first type pin of the second interface less than or equal to the preset voltage value? If yes, execute S171; otherwise, execute S191.

[0097] After acquiring the voltage signal at the first type pin of the second interface of the i-th level battery control unit, the host type to which it belongs is determined based on the voltage signal at the first type pin of the second interface JR2 of the i-th level battery control unit.

[0098] The voltage signal at the first type pin of the second interface JR2 of the i-th level battery control unit differs depending on whether it is connected to a downstream device or not. Based on the voltage signal at the first type pin of the second interface JR2 of the i-th level battery control unit, it can be determined whether the i-th level battery control unit is connected to a downstream device. Furthermore, after determining that the control module 10 of the i-th level battery control unit is a host based on the level signal of the first type pin of the first interface JR1 of the i-th level battery control unit, it is further determined whether the control module 10 of the i-th level battery control unit is a multi-cluster host or a single-cluster host by combining the voltage signal of the first type pin of the second interface JR2 of the i-th level battery control unit.

[0099] like Figure 4 As shown, when the second interface JR2 of the i-th level battery control unit is connected to a lower-level device, such as the next-level battery control unit, a path is formed between the second optocoupler 121 of the i-th level battery control unit and the first optocoupler 111 of the (i+1)-th level battery control unit. The voltage at the first type pin (PIN4) of the second interface JR2 of the i-th level battery control unit is clamped to a set voltage value, such as 3V. Since the set voltage value is less than or equal to the preset voltage value, when the voltage signal at the first type pin of the second interface JR2 of the i-th level battery control unit is less than or equal to the preset voltage value, it is determined that the i-th level battery control unit is connected to a lower-level device. Therefore, the control module 10 of the i-th level battery control unit is a multi-cluster host.

[0100] like Figure 4 As shown, when the second interface JR2 of the i-th level battery control unit is floating and no downstream device is connected to it, after the second optocoupler 121 of the i-th level battery control unit is turned on, the voltage of the first type pin, PIN4, of the second interface JR2 is pulled up to the power supply voltage provided by the second power supply V2, such as 5V, where the voltage of the second power supply V2 is greater than a preset voltage value. Therefore, when the voltage signal at the first type pin of the second interface JR2 of the i-th level battery control unit is greater than the preset voltage value, it is determined that the second interface JR2 of the i-th level battery control unit is not connected to a downstream device, and the control module 10 of the i-th level battery control unit is a single-cluster host.

[0101] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a two-level architecture for an energy storage system provided in an embodiment of the present invention, with reference to... Figure 6 The example illustrates a two-level energy storage system comprising n cascaded battery control units, sequentially designated as Level 1 Battery Control Unit BCU1, Level 2 Battery Control Unit BCU2, ..., Level (n-1) Battery Control Unit BCUn-1, and Level n Battery Control Unit BCUn. Each battery control unit may have at least two interfaces: a first interface JR1 for connecting to an external device 1 or for cascading with the previous level battery control unit, and a second interface JR2 for cascading with the next level battery control unit. The battery control units communicate with each other via Ethernet and CAN dual-network converged communication through network cables. n is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

[0102] Each battery control unit has m subordinate battery module units (BMUs), denoted sequentially as BMU1, BMU2, ..., BMUm. Each BMU monitors the status of its corresponding battery pack; that is, BMU1 monitors the status of PACK1, BMU2 monitors the status of PACK2, ..., and BMUm monitors the status of PACKm. After mounting multiple battery packs on a battery rack and connecting them to components such as the high-voltage control box and battery control unit, a complete battery cluster is formed. In this embodiment, n battery clusters are shown, denoted as Rack1, Rack2, ..., Rackn-1, and Rackn. These n battery clusters constitute a battery stack. Figure 6 The blue lines represent network cables, and the green lines represent the internal CAN wiring (referred to as CAN wiring) or Ethernet communication wiring of the battery control unit, abbreviated as ETH internal wiring. The first interface JR1 of the first-level battery control unit is connected to the Ethernet port ETH1 of external device 1.

[0103] A multi-cluster master refers to an energy storage system comprising multiple cascaded battery control units, with the primary battery control unit acting as the master unit among these cascaded battery control units. When an energy storage system includes only one battery control unit, that battery control unit is considered a single-cluster master. For example... Figure 6 As shown, the first interface JR1 of the first-level battery control unit BCU1 is connected to the upper-level device external device 1, and the second interface JR2 of the first-level battery control unit BCU1 is connected to the first interface JR1 of the second-level battery control unit BCU2. Therefore, the first-level battery control unit BCU1 is a multi-cluster host. If the energy storage system includes only one battery control unit, denoted as the first-level battery control unit BCU1, then the first-level battery control unit BCU1 is a single-cluster host.

[0104] S171: Determine that the host type it belongs to is a multi-cluster host.

[0105] S181: Control the CAN switch on the first differential signal line and the CAN switch on the second differential signal line to be disconnected, control the first terminating resistor switch to be closed, control the second terminating resistor switch to be disconnected, and execute the multi-cluster strategy.

[0106] The first interface JR1 of the battery control unit may connect to internal cascaded devices (such as the previous level battery control unit) and external devices. During actual wiring or equipment maintenance, if there is a short circuit between PIN7 and PIN8 inside the network port of an external device (such as a PC, non-standard switch, or EMS) (this phenomenon is common in non-standard designs or devices with port failures), once this external device connects to the first interface JR1 of the battery control unit, it will directly cause a physical short circuit in the CAN bus inside the battery control unit, resulting in the paralysis of the entire cascaded CAN bus communication. In severe cases, it may even burn out the CAN transceiver chip, causing the entire battery management system to fail, leading to significant safety and economic losses. Therefore, when the control module 10 of the i-th level battery control unit is determined to be a multi-cluster host, since it needs to connect to PIN7 and PIN8 of external devices, to avoid a physical short circuit in the CAN bus inside the battery control unit due to a short circuit between PIN7 and PIN8 of external devices, the two CAN switches K1 in the battery control unit where the multi-cluster host is located are opened to disconnect the connection with PIN7 and PIN8 of the external devices, thus isolating the short circuit fault. When an external device is connected to the first interface JR1, the CAN switch K1 is turned off, but this does not affect communication within the second interface JR2. PIN7 and PIN8 within the second interface JR2 can still be used to connect to downstream devices.

[0107] In an energy storage system, only two terminating resistors need to be connected in parallel on the CAN bus. To further minimize signal interference, it is preferable to connect the two terminating resistors located at both ends of the system. Specifically, the first terminating resistor R11 of the battery control unit (first-level battery control unit BCU1) belonging to the multi-cluster host is connected to the CAN bus, and the second terminating resistor R11 of the end slave (in this embodiment, the nth-level battery control unit BCUn) is connected to the CAN bus. The resistance values ​​of both the first terminating resistor R11 and the second terminating resistor R12 are 120Ω.

[0108] Optionally, a multi-cluster strategy includes at least one of the following:

[0109] Assign communication addresses to other battery control units in its own energy storage system;

[0110] Calculate the stack state of charge (SOC) of the energy storage system. Specifically, this can be achieved by clustering the SOC of each battery cluster, such as using the K-means algorithm to divide the SOC of all battery clusters into "high" and "low" clusters, and then combining this with the stack SOC value from the previous time step for dynamic smoothing calculation, thus obtaining a stack SOC that covers the entire range of variations without abrupt changes. Alternatively, other methods in existing technologies can be used to calculate the stack state of charge of the energy storage system, and no specific limitation is imposed on this method.

[0111] Calculate the stack state of health (SOH) of the energy storage system. Stack SOH calculation refers to the comprehensive assessment and fusion of the health status of all battery clusters in the system to obtain a comprehensive index that can represent the overall aging degree of the entire battery stack. Optionally, the SOH values ​​of all clusters are sorted, outliers that deviate significantly from the mean are removed, and the median or mean of the remaining valid data is calculated to serve as the stack SOH.

[0112] The stack summary data is uploaded to the upstream device it is connected to. The stack summary data includes statistical characteristic values ​​of multiple battery clusters in the energy storage system's battery stack and their corresponding cluster location indices. The statistical characteristic values ​​are used to characterize the health, energy, and safety status of the battery stack. Optionally, the statistical characteristic values ​​may include at least the highest SOC, lowest SOC, highest cell temperature, and lowest cell temperature within the stack. In other words, the multi-cluster master aggregates the summary data from all slave devices and then determines the maximum, minimum, and corresponding location information (such as the cluster number) as the stack summary data.

[0113] It controls the switching between grid-connected and off-grid operation modes of the energy storage system it is in.

[0114] S191: Determines that the host type it belongs to is a single-cluster host.

[0115] S201: Control the CAN switches on the first differential signal line and the second differential signal line to be disconnected, control the first terminating resistor switch to be closed, control the second terminating resistor switch to be closed, and execute the single-cluster strategy.

[0116] When the i-th level battery control unit is a single-cluster host, it indicates that the energy storage system under the second-level architecture includes a battery control unit. In addition to controlling the CAN switches K1 in the i-th level battery control unit to be open, it is also necessary to control the first terminating resistor switch K2 and the second terminating resistor switch K3 to be closed so that two terminating resistors are connected in parallel on the CAN bus in the energy storage system.

[0117] Optionally, a single-cluster strategy includes at least one of the following:

[0118] Calculate the cluster state of charge of the corresponding battery cluster; in an optional implementation, calculate the accumulated charge / discharge amount as the cluster state of charge by measuring the charge / discharge current of the battery cluster in real time and integrating it over time.

[0119] Calculate the cluster health status of the corresponding battery cluster. The cluster health status can be calculated by capacity method or internal resistance method. For details, please refer to the calculation method of cluster health status in the existing technology, which will not be repeated here.

[0120] The system uploads the cluster summary data of its corresponding battery cluster to a preset device. The cluster summary data includes statistical extreme values ​​of the cell state parameters within the cluster and their position index within the cluster. The cluster summary data includes the cluster's state of charge (SOC), state of health (SOH), total voltage, total current, insulation resistance value, and the highest voltage value and cell number, lowest voltage value and cell number, highest temperature value and cell number, and lowest temperature value and cell number for each individual cell within the cluster. In this embodiment, the system is a single-cluster host, and the corresponding preset device is the upper-level device connected to the first interface JR1 of its own battery control unit. That is, the system uploads the cluster summary data of its corresponding battery cluster to the device connected to the first interface of its own battery control unit.

[0121] S211: Collect the voltage signal at the first type of pin of the second interface.

[0122] The slave type of the control module 10 of the i-th level battery control unit is determined based on the voltage signal at the first type pin of the second interface JR2 of the i-th level battery control unit. The voltage signal at the first type pin of the second interface JR2 of the i-th level battery control unit differs depending on whether the i-th level battery control unit is connected to a downstream device or not. The voltage signal at the first type pin of the second interface JR2 of the i-th level battery control unit determines whether the i-th level battery control unit is connected to a downstream device. Furthermore, after determining that the control module 10 of the i-th level battery control unit is a slave based on the level signal of the first type pin of the first interface JR1 of the i-th level battery control unit, the control module 10 is further determined as a terminal slave or an intermediate slave based on the voltage signal of the first type pin of the second interface JR2 of the i-th level battery control unit. A terminal slave is the last level battery control unit in a cascaded network of battery control units included in the energy storage system. An intermediate slave is any level battery control unit in a cascaded network of battery control units included in the energy storage system, excluding the first and last level battery control units.

[0123] After determining that the first type pin of the first interface JR1 of the i-th level battery control unit is at the second level, the control module 10 of the i-th level battery control unit is determined to be a slave, and the voltage signal at the first type pin of the second interface JR2 of the i-th level battery control unit, namely PIN4 of the second interface JR2, is collected.

[0124] S221: Is the voltage signal at the first type pin of the second interface less than or equal to the preset voltage value? If yes, execute S231; otherwise, execute S251.

[0125] After determining that the control module 10 of the i-th level battery control unit is a slave device, if the voltage signal at the first type pin of the second interface JR2 of the i-th level battery control unit is less than or equal to a preset voltage value, it indicates that the second interface JR2 of the i-th level battery control unit is connected to a downstream device, and the control module 10 of the i-th level battery control unit is an intermediate slave device. If the voltage signal at the first type pin of the second interface JR2 of the i-th level battery control unit is greater than the preset voltage value, it indicates that the second interface JR2 of the i-th level battery control unit is no longer connected to a downstream device, and the control module 10 of the i-th level battery control unit is a terminal slave device.

[0126] S231: Determine that the slave type it belongs to is an intermediate slave.

[0127] S241: Control the CAN switch on the first differential signal line and the CAN switch on the second differential signal line to be closed, control the first terminating resistor switch to be opened, control the second terminating resistor switch to be opened, and execute the single-cluster strategy.

[0128] Because the upstream devices connected to the intermediate slave devices in the energy storage system are internally cascaded devices, there is no risk of short circuits on pins 7 and 8 of the first interface JR1. Therefore, closing the two CAN switches K1 in the i-th preceding battery control unit ensures that CAN communication between the i-th and (i-1)-th battery control units is unaffected. Furthermore, in the energy storage system, it is only necessary to close the first terminating resistor R11 in the battery control unit where the master control module 10 is located (i.e., the first-stage battery control unit) and the second terminating resistor R12 in the battery control unit where the end slave control module is located (i.e., the last-stage battery control unit). Neither of the two terminating resistors of any intermediate slave device is connected between the first differential signal line 13 and the second differential signal line 14.

[0129] S251: Determine that the slave type it belongs to is a terminal slave.

[0130] S261: Control the CAN switch on the first differential signal line and the CAN switch on the second differential signal line to be closed, control the first terminating resistor switch to be open, control the second terminating resistor switch to be closed, and execute the single-cluster strategy.

[0131] Because the upstream device connected to the end slave in the energy storage system is an internally cascaded device, there is no risk of short circuit on pins 7 and 8 of the first interface JR1. Therefore, the two CAN switches K1 in the i-th stage battery control unit are closed to ensure that CAN communication between the i-th stage battery control unit and the (i-1)-th stage battery control unit is not affected. Furthermore, the second terminating resistor switch K3 in the battery control unit where the end slave is located is closed so that the second terminating resistor R12 of the last stage battery control unit and the first terminating resistor R11 of the first stage battery control unit are connected in parallel to form an equivalent resistance of 60Ω, reducing signal transmission interference.

[0132] Whether it is an intermediate slave or a terminal slave, when executing a single-cluster strategy, if it is a slave, it will upload the cluster summary data of its corresponding battery cluster to the preset device, which is the master. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device provided as an embodiment of the present invention. The electronic device 200 is intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as laptop computers, desktop computers, workstations, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframe computers, and other suitable computers. The electronic device may also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital processors, cellular phones, smartphones, wearable devices (such as helmets, glasses, watches, etc.), and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the implementation of the invention described and / or claimed herein.

[0133] like Figure 7 As shown, the electronic device 200 includes at least one processor 21 and a memory, such as a read-only memory (ROM) or a random access memory (RAM), communicatively connected to the at least one processor 21. The memory stores computer programs executable by the at least one processor. The processor 21 can perform various appropriate actions and processes based on the computer program stored in the read-only memory (ROM) or loaded into the random access memory (RAM) from storage unit 28. The RAM 23 can also store various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device 200. The processor 21, ROM 22, and RAM 23 are interconnected via a bus 24. Input / output (I / O) interfaces are also connected to the bus 24.

[0134] Multiple components in electronic device 200 are connected to I / O interface 25, including: input unit 26, such as keyboard, mouse, etc.; output unit 27, such as various types of monitors, speakers, etc.; storage unit 28, such as disk, optical disk, etc.; and communication unit 29, such as network card, modem, wireless transceiver, etc. Communication unit 29 allows electronic device 200 to exchange information / data with other devices through computer networks such as the Internet and / or various telecommunications networks.

[0135] Processor 21 can be a variety of general-purpose and / or special-purpose processing components with processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of processor 21 include, but are not limited to, a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), various special-purpose artificial intelligence (AI) computing chips, various processors running machine learning model algorithms, a digital signal processor (DSP), and any suitable processor, controller, microcontroller, etc. Processor 21 performs the various methods and processes described above, such as the role determination method for the battery control unit.

[0136] In some embodiments, the method for determining the role of the battery control unit in a secondary architecture of an energy storage system can be implemented as a computer program tangibly contained in a computer-readable storage medium, such as storage unit 28. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program can be loaded and / or installed on electronic device 200 via ROM 22 and / or communication unit 29. When the computer program is loaded into RAM 23 and executed by processor 21, one or more steps of the battery control unit role determination method described above can be performed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, processor 21 can be configured to perform the battery control unit role determination method by any other suitable means (e.g., by means of firmware).

[0137] Various embodiments of the systems and techniques described above herein can be implemented in digital electronic circuit systems, integrated circuit systems, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), application-specific standard products (ASSPs), systems-on-a-chip (SoCs), payload-programmable logic devices (CPLDs), computer hardware, firmware, software, and / or combinations thereof. These various embodiments may include implementations in one or more computer programs that can be executed and / or interpreted on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, which may be a dedicated or general-purpose programmable processor, capable of receiving data and instructions from a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device, and transmitting data and instructions to the storage system, the at least one input device, and the at least one output device.

[0138] This invention also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the battery control unit role determination method in any of the above embodiments. The computer program for implementing the method of this invention can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These computer programs can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device, such that when executed by the processor, the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams are implemented. The computer program can be executed entirely on a machine, partially on a machine, as a standalone software package partially on a machine and partially on a remote machine, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0139] In the context of this invention, a computer-readable storage medium can be a tangible medium that may contain or store a computer program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. A computer-readable storage medium may include, but is not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, apparatus, or devices, or any suitable combination thereof. Alternatively, a computer-readable storage medium may be a machine-readable signal medium. More specific examples of machine-readable storage media include electrical connections based on one or more wires, portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fibers, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination thereof.

[0140] To provide interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described herein can be implemented on an electronic device having: a display device (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor) for displaying information to the user; and a keyboard and pointing device (e.g., a mouse or trackball) through which the user provides input to the electronic device. Other types of devices can also be used to provide interaction with the user; for example, feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user can be received in any form (including sound input, voice input, or tactile input).

[0141] The systems and technologies described herein can be implemented in computing systems that include backend components (e.g., as data servers), or middleware components (e.g., application servers), or frontend components (e.g., user computers with graphical user interfaces or web browsers through which users can interact with implementations of the systems and technologies described herein), or any combination of such backend, middleware, or frontend components. The components of the system can be interconnected via digital data communication of any form or medium (e.g., communication networks). Examples of communication networks include local area networks (LANs), wide area networks (WANs), blockchain networks, and the Internet.

[0142] A computing system can include clients and servers. Clients and servers are generally located far apart and typically interact through communication networks. The client-server relationship is created by computer programs running on the respective computers and having a client-server relationship with each other. The server can be a cloud server, also known as a cloud computing server or cloud host, which is a hosting product within the cloud computing service system to address the shortcomings of traditional physical hosts and VPS services, such as high management difficulty and weak business scalability.

[0143] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used, with steps reordered, added, or deleted. For example, the steps described in this invention can be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in different orders, as long as the desired result of the technical solution of this invention can be achieved, and this is not limited herein.

[0144] The specific embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this invention should be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A method for determining the role of a battery control unit, characterized in that, A battery control unit applied in a two-level architecture of an energy storage system includes a control module and a first interface. The first interface includes predefined first-type pins, which are used for detecting level signals. The control module is connected to the first-type pins of the first interface. The method is executed by the control module. The method includes: Collect the level signal at the first type of pin of the first interface; Based on the level signal at the first type of pin of the first interface, the role of itself in the secondary architecture of the energy storage system is determined.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Determining its role in the secondary architecture of the energy storage system based on the level signal at the first type of pin of the first interface includes: The system detects that the level signal of the first type of pin of the first interface is at the first level, and determines that it is the host. The system detects that the voltage level of the first type of pin on the first interface is at the second level, thus determining that it is a slave device.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery control unit further includes an identification module, which is connected to the first type of pin of the first interface through the identification module. The identification module is used to identify the level signal of the first type of pin of the first interface. The acquisition of the level signal at the first type of pin of the first interface includes: The identification module acquires the level signal at the first type of pin of the first interface.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The battery control unit further includes a second interface, an output module, a CAN switch, a first differential signal line, a second differential signal line, a first terminating resistor switch, a first terminating resistor, a second terminating resistor switch, and a second terminating resistor. The first interface and the second interface each include predefined second-type pins, which are pins used for CAN communication. The second-type pins include a first sub-pin and a second sub-pin. The first sub-pin of the first interface is connected to the first sub-pin of the second interface via the first differential signal line, and the second sub-pin of the first interface is connected to the second sub-pin of the second interface via the second differential signal line. The first terminating resistor switch and the first terminating resistor are connected in series between the first differential signal line and the second differential signal line, and the second terminating resistor switch and the second terminating resistor are connected in series between the first differential signal line and the second differential signal line. The first terminating resistor is located on the first interface side, and the second terminating resistor is located on the second interface side. The control module is connected to both the first differential signal line and the second differential signal line. The first differential signal line and the second differential signal line are each equipped with the CAN switch, and the CAN switch is located on the first interface side. The second interface also includes the first type of pins. The control module is connected to the first type of pins of the second interface through the output module. The output module is used to output a level signal according to the signal output by the control module. When the battery control unit is connected to the next-level battery control unit, the first type of pins of the second interface is connected to the first type of pins of the first interface of the next-level battery control unit.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, After detecting that the level signal of the first type of pin of the first interface is the second level, and determining that it is a slave device, the process further includes: Collect the voltage signal at the first type of pin of the second interface; The slave device type is determined based on the voltage signal at the first type pin of the second interface.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The step of determining the slave type based on the voltage signal at the first type of pin of the second interface includes: If the voltage signal at the first type pin of the second interface is less than or equal to the preset voltage value, the slave type of itself is determined to be an intermediate slave. If the voltage signal at the first type pin of the second interface is greater than the preset voltage value, the slave type is determined to be a terminal slave.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, After determining that its own slave type is a terminal slave, the process also includes: The CAN switches on both the first and second differential signal lines are closed, the first terminating resistor switch is opened, the second terminating resistor switch is closed, and a single-cluster strategy is executed.

8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, After determining that its own slave type is an intermediate slave, the process also includes: The CAN switches on the first and second differential signal lines are both closed, the first and second terminating resistor switches are opened, and a single-cluster strategy is executed.

9. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, After detecting that the level signal of the first type of pin of the first interface is at the first level and determining that it is a host, the process further includes: Collect the voltage signal at the first type of pin of the second interface; The host type to which it belongs is determined based on the voltage signal at the first type pin of the second interface.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The step of determining the host type based on the voltage signal at the first type of pin of the second interface includes: If the voltage signal at the first type pin of the second interface is less than or equal to the preset voltage value, the host type to which it belongs is determined to be a multi-cluster host. If the voltage signal at the first type pin of the second interface is greater than the preset voltage value, the host type to which it belongs is determined to be a single-cluster host.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that, After determining that its host type is a multi-cluster host, the process also includes: The CAN switches on both the first and second differential signal lines are disconnected, the first terminating resistor switch is closed, the second terminating resistor switch is opened, and a multi-cluster strategy is executed.

12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that, The multi-cluster strategy includes at least one of the following: Assign communication addresses to other battery control units in the energy storage system in which it resides; Calculate the stack charge state of its own energy storage system; Calculate the stack health status of its own energy storage system; Upload the stack summary data to the upstream device it is connected to; the stack summary data includes statistical characteristic values ​​of multiple battery clusters in the battery stack of the energy storage system and the corresponding cluster location index, the statistical characteristic values ​​are used to characterize the health, energy and safety status of the battery stack; It controls the switching between grid-connected and off-grid operation modes of the energy storage system it is in.

13. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that, After determining that its host type is a single-cluster host, the process also includes: The CAN switches on the first and second differential signal lines are both disconnected, the first and second terminating resistor switches are closed, and a single-cluster strategy is executed.

14. The method according to any one of claims 7, 8, or 13, characterized in that, The single-cluster strategy includes at least one of the following: Calculate the cluster state of charge of the corresponding battery cluster; Calculate the cluster health status of its corresponding battery cluster; The cluster summary data of its corresponding battery cluster is uploaded to a preset device; the cluster summary data includes the statistical extreme values ​​of the cell state parameters in the cluster and their position index in the battery cluster; when it is a slave, the preset device is the master; when it is a single cluster master, the preset device is the upper-level device connected to the first interface of the battery control unit to which it is located.

15. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the role determination method for the battery control unit as described in any one of claims 1-14.

16. A computer program product, characterized in that, It includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method for determining the role of the battery control unit according to any one of claims 1-14.

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