A power battery thermal management regulation device and a regulation method

Abstract

The application discloses a power battery thermal management regulation and control device and a regulation and control method, relates to the field, and comprises a battery box body, battery bodies are stacked in the battery box body, the battery box body is provided with a liquid cooling assembly for heat exchange of the battery bodies, the gas outlet end of the gas storage mechanism is communicated with the gas inlet end of the negative pressure piece through a gas conveying pipe, compressed gas is input into the negative pressure piece through the gas conveying pipe and drives the negative pressure disc to descend along the negative pressure channel to extract hot air in the battery box body by negative pressure. The power battery thermal management regulation and control device and the regulation and control method can effectively reduce the temperature difference between battery modules, guarantee the consistency of cell attenuation, and fully adapt to the use requirements of high-temperature environment harsh working conditions by synchronously driving the air supply mechanism to translate and the gas production mechanism to produce gas through the electric push rod when the temperature of the battery body rises to a safe critical value, further strengthening the exhaust flow rate of the negative pressure channel, and improving the overall heat exchange efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power battery technology, specifically to a power battery thermal management and control device and method. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid popularization of new energy vehicles and energy storage power stations, the heat generation of power batteries under high-rate fast charging and high-power continuous discharge conditions has increased significantly. Thermal management and control equipment has become a core component to ensure battery safety and cycle life. Currently, most mainstream thermal management and control equipment uses electronic valves and electrically controlled water pumps to achieve flow and loop switching, and is equipped with complex sensors and control circuits. Under vehicle vibration conditions, it is prone to faults such as circuit aging, valve body signal delay, and electronic control failure, resulting in low equipment reliability. To address the aforementioned issues, reference can be made to a distribution valve for a heat pump system disclosed in an existing patent (Chinese patent application number CN202011092428.5, application date October 13, 2020). This distribution valve for heat pump systems has a simple structure and low cost. By utilizing the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet fluids of the valve body, it pushes the valve core to move, achieving refrigerant fluid reversal. This allows the heat pump system to meet the cooling and heating needs of the power battery with only one heat exchange core, offering significant advantages in terms of vehicle layout space, component weight, and cost. Additionally, reference can be made to an existing technology (Chinese patent application number CN201810387797.3, application date April 26, 2018) disclosed in a low-voltage battery thermal management system for pure electric vehicles. This device cools the battery through a refrigerant system and a battery radiator water cooling system. However, during fast charging or when the ambient temperature is high, the battery generates a significant amount of heat. The refrigerant system, in conjunction with the Chiller water circuit, dissipates heat from the battery. Due to the high efficiency of water cooling, it fully meets the battery's heat dissipation needs during fast charging or when the ambient temperature is high. When the vehicle is in normal operation or the ambient temperature is low, the battery generates less heat. In this case, the battery radiator water cooling system dissipates heat through heat exchange with the outside air. The energy consumed by the refrigerant system and Chiller water circuit (water-cooled air conditioning system) is higher than that required by the battery radiator water cooling system. Activating the water-cooled air conditioning system when the temperature is not very high wastes energy. Therefore, this invention can switch the battery cooling mode in real time according to the battery temperature to achieve maximum energy saving.

[0003] Existing thermal management and control devices can perform basic temperature control and regulation, but they still have significant shortcomings in practical applications: when the battery temperature rises to the safety critical threshold, relying solely on conventional heat exchange structures for heat dissipation results in lag in flow regulation and loop switching, making it impossible to quickly increase heat exchange power and remove the heat accumulated in the cells in time. The cooling response speed is insufficient, which can easily cause local overheating of the battery, exacerbate cell thermal decay, and in severe cases, induce the risk of thermal runaway, significantly reducing the operational safety and lifespan of the battery pack. The overall temperature control emergency regulation capability of the equipment is difficult to meet the demanding operating conditions such as high-power charging and discharging and high-temperature environments.

[0004] Therefore, we propose a power battery thermal management and control device and method to solve the problems mentioned above. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a power battery thermal management and control device and method to solve the problem mentioned in the background art: when the battery temperature rises to the safety critical threshold, it relies solely on conventional heat exchange structures for heat dissipation. However, the flow regulation and loop switching actions are lagging, which cannot quickly increase the heat exchange power, remove the heat accumulated in the battery cell in time, and result in insufficient cooling response speed, which can easily cause local overheating of the battery.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a power battery thermal management and control device, comprising a battery housing, wherein battery bodies are stacked inside the battery housing, the battery housing is provided with a liquid cooling component for heat exchange of the battery bodies, a dust cover is embedded in the side wall of the battery housing, an air intake grille is provided between the battery bodies and the inner side wall of the battery housing, two sets of air supply mechanisms are arranged parallel to each other on the side of the air intake grille away from the battery bodies, the side portions of the two sets of air supply mechanisms are respectively fixedly connected to the output end of an electric push rod, the cylinder of the electric push rod is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the battery housing; the bottom of the air supply mechanism is slidably sleeved on the outside of a guide rod. Both ends of the guide rod are fixedly connected to the inner walls of the battery box. The side of the air supply mechanism is linked to an air storage mechanism, which is fixed inside the battery box by a support frame. The air outlet of the air storage mechanism is connected to the air inlet of the negative pressure component through an air supply pipe. The actuating end of the negative pressure component is a negative pressure plate, and the outer peripheral wall of the negative pressure plate is sealed and slidably fitted to the inner wall of the negative pressure channel opened at the bottom of the battery box. When the electric push rod drives the air supply mechanism to move along the guide rod, it simultaneously drives the air storage mechanism to generate compressed gas. The compressed gas is input into the negative pressure component through the air supply pipe and drives the negative pressure plate to move down along the negative pressure channel to draw out the hot air inside the battery box under negative pressure.

[0007] Preferably, the heat exchange pipes of the liquid cooling component are wound around the outer edge of the battery body, and both ends of the liquid cooling component extend to the top outer side of the battery box. One end of the liquid cooling component is provided with a liquid cooling inlet, and the other end is provided with a liquid cooling outlet.

[0008] Preferably, the air supply mechanism includes a drive motor and a cooling fan. The output shaft of the drive motor is fixedly connected to the center of the cooling fan. The air outlet side of the cooling fan is positioned facing the through hole of the air inlet grille. The bottom housing of the drive motor is slidably sleeved on the outside of the guide rod. The side housing of the drive motor is fixedly connected to the movable end of the air storage mechanism.

[0009] Preferably, the gas storage mechanism includes a fixed rod and a receiving cylinder. One end of the fixed rod is fixed to the housing on the side of the drive motor away from the electric push rod, and the other end of the fixed rod is sealed and slidably fitted inside the receiving cylinder. The middle outer wall of the receiving cylinder is fixed to the inner wall of the battery box by a support frame. The end of the receiving cylinder is provided with an air outlet connected to the gas supply pipe, and the upper side wall of the receiving cylinder is provided with a one-way air inlet.

[0010] Preferably, the negative pressure component further includes a fixed cylinder, a return spring, a piston block, and a moving rod. The fixed cylinder is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner partition of the battery box, and the top of the fixed cylinder is connected to the gas supply pipe. The piston block is slidably and sealed inside the fixed cylinder. The return spring is connected between the inner top wall of the fixed cylinder and the top surface of the piston block. The top end of the moving rod is fixed to the center of the bottom surface of the piston block, and the bottom end of the moving rod extends out of the fixed cylinder and is fixedly connected to the top surface of the negative pressure plate.

[0011] Preferably, the maximum downward stroke of the negative pressure plate is less than the height of the lower end face of the bottom support foot of the battery box, the inner cavity cross-section of the fixed cylinder is a square structure, and the shape of the piston block is adapted to the inner cavity of the fixed cylinder.

[0012] Preferably, the piston block has a vertically penetrating conical hole and a guide hole inside. The inner wall of the conical hole is sealed with a conical plug. The bottom of the conical plug is connected to a matching spring. The bottom end of the matching spring is slidably engaged with the inside of a support ring. The support ring is fixed to the inner wall of the moving rod. An impeller is rotatably mounted at the bottom end of the guide hole. The bottom end of the impeller extends out of the inside of the moving rod and is fixedly connected to the center of the auxiliary exhaust fan. The auxiliary exhaust fan is rotatably mounted at the center of the negative pressure plate. An air outlet is provided on the side wall of the moving rod below the impeller.

[0013] Preferably, the spring force coefficient of the cooperating spring is greater than that of the return spring, the opening direction of the air outlet is inclined downward, and a one-way air outlet valve is embedded inside the air outlet.

[0014] Preferably, when the negative pressure plate descends to its maximum stroke position, the auxiliary exhaust fan is located inside the negative pressure channel to turbulently enhance the exhaust of the airflow within the negative pressure channel.

[0015] A method for thermal management and control of a power battery, applied to a power battery thermal management and control device, is described below: S1. Conventional temperature control: The control unit collects the temperature inside the chamber in real time and controls the circulation and heat exchange of the liquid cooling components; when the temperature is below the safety threshold, the air supply mechanism supplies air at low power to complete the conventional heat dissipation in conjunction with the liquid cooling. S2, Enhanced heat dissipation trigger: When the temperature rises to the critical threshold, the control unit drives the electric push rod to extend, pushes the air supply mechanism to move horizontally and links the air storage mechanism to generate compressed gas, drives the negative pressure component to move downward to form negative pressure exhaust, and at the same time increases the air supply power to achieve positive and negative pressure coordinated heat dissipation. S3, Turbulence-enhanced speed: When the compressed gas pressure reaches the set value, it pushes open the conical plug and drives the impeller and auxiliary exhaust fan to rotate, turbulence enhances exhaust efficiency; S4, Mode Reset: When the temperature drops below the safety threshold, the control unit controls the electric push rod to retract, all components reset, and the equipment returns to normal heat dissipation mode.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: When the battery body temperature rises to a safe critical value, the electric push rod synchronously drives the air supply mechanism to move and the gas storage mechanism to generate gas, quickly triggering the negative pressure exhaust channel to rapidly expel the hot air accumulated inside the battery. This significantly shortens the high-temperature emergency response time and effectively avoids the risk of localized overheating and thermal runaway of the battery cells. Simultaneously, the auxiliary exhaust fan structure, which is self-driven by the internal airflow of the piston, further enhances the exhaust velocity of the negative pressure channel, improving overall heat exchange efficiency. This effectively reduces the temperature difference between battery modules, ensures consistent cell degradation, and fully adapts to the stringent operating requirements of high-temperature environments, as detailed below: 1. By linking the air supply mechanism and the air storage mechanism, and using an electric push rod as the power source, the cooling fan is moved to adjust the air supply area while the fixed rod is simultaneously driven to compress the air in the receiving cylinder to generate a high-pressure airflow, which in turn drives the negative pressure component to move downward to form a suction negative pressure. This can simultaneously activate the enhanced heat dissipation mode the moment the battery temperature reaches the critical threshold, quickly remove the heat accumulated on the surface of the battery cell, effectively suppress the rapid rise in temperature, and significantly improve the emergency temperature control response speed of the equipment. 2. Under normal operating conditions, low-power air cooling combined with liquid cooling is sufficient to meet heat dissipation requirements, reducing equipment operating energy consumption. Under critical high-temperature conditions, the negative pressure exhaust and auxiliary turbulence structure are automatically triggered. Through positive pressure air supply and negative pressure exhaust, a through-flow air field is formed to accelerate the replacement efficiency of hot air in the chamber. At the same time, the pressure self-starting conical plug and air-driven impeller structure set inside the piston can automatically start the auxiliary exhaust fan when the air pressure reaches the set value, turbulent and speeding up the airflow in the negative pressure channel, further improving the heat dissipation limit under extreme conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention from a bottom view; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the battery box of the present invention; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the container cylinder of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the container cylinder of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the fixed cylinder of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the upper end of the movable rod of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the impeller structure of the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Battery housing; 2. Battery body; 3. Liquid cooling assembly; 31. Liquid cooling inlet; 32. Liquid cooling outlet; 4. Dust cover; 5. Air intake grille; 6. Control unit; 7. Support frame; 8. Drive motor; 9. Cooling fan; 10. Electric push rod; 11. Guide rod; 12. Fixing rod; 13. Receiving cylinder; 14. One-way air inlet; 15. Air supply pipe; 16. Fixing cylinder; 161. Return spring; 17. Piston block; 18. Moving rod; 19. Conical plug; 191. Matching spring; 192. Support ring; 20. Impeller; 21. Auxiliary exhaust fan; 22. Air outlet; 23. Negative pressure plate; 24. Negative pressure channel; 25. Support foot. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Please see Figures 1-9 The present invention provides the following technical solution: Reference Appendix Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 3 A power battery thermal management and control device includes a battery housing 1, inside which a battery body 2 is stacked. The battery housing 1 is equipped with a liquid cooling assembly 3 for heat exchange of the battery body 2. A dust cover 4 is embedded in the side wall of the battery housing 1. An air intake grille 5 is provided between the battery body 2 and the inner side wall of the battery housing 1. Two sets of air supply mechanisms are arranged parallel to each other on the side of the air intake grille 5 away from the battery body 2. The side parts of the two sets of air supply mechanisms are respectively fixedly connected to the output end of an electric push rod 10. The cylinder of the electric push rod 10 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the battery housing 1. The bottom of the air supply mechanism is slidably sleeved on the outside of a guide rod 11. Both ends of the guide rod 11 are fixedly connected to... The air supply mechanism is connected to the inner wall of the battery box 1. The side of the air supply mechanism is linked to the air storage mechanism. The air storage mechanism is fixed inside the battery box 1 by the support frame 7. The air outlet of the air storage mechanism is connected to the air inlet of the negative pressure component through the air supply pipe 15. The execution end of the negative pressure component is the negative pressure plate 23. The outer peripheral wall of the negative pressure plate 23 is sealed and slidably fitted to the inner wall of the negative pressure channel 24 opened at the bottom of the battery box 1. When the electric push rod 10 drives the air supply mechanism to move along the guide rod 11, it simultaneously drives the air storage mechanism to generate compressed gas. The compressed gas is input into the negative pressure component through the air supply pipe 15 and drives the negative pressure plate 23 to move down along the negative pressure channel 24 to draw out the hot air inside the battery box 1 with negative pressure.

[0021] Under normal operating conditions, the liquid cooling component 3 continuously circulates heat exchange, and the air supply mechanism is in its initial position to perform low-power air cooling, together maintaining the normal operating temperature of the battery body 2. When the battery body 2 is charged and discharged at a high rate, causing the temperature inside the battery box 1 to rise to the critical threshold, the electric push rod 10 extends to drive the air supply mechanism to move along the guide rod 11. On the one hand, it adjusts the air supply coverage range, and on the other hand, it synchronously links with the gas storage mechanism to generate compressed gas. The compressed gas is transported to the negative pressure component through the gas supply pipe 15, driving the negative pressure plate 23 to descend along the negative pressure channel 24 in a sealed manner, forming a negative pressure suction force inside the battery box 1, and quickly expelling the accumulated hot air downwards. Through the positive pressure air supply and negative pressure exhaust, a through-flow airflow circulation is formed, which greatly shortens the high temperature emergency response time and avoids local overheating of the battery body 2.

[0022] Reference Appendix Figure 3The heat exchange pipes of the liquid cooling component 3 are wound around the outer edge of the battery body 2. Both ends of the liquid cooling component 3 extend to the top outer side of the battery box 1. One end of the liquid cooling component 3 is provided with a liquid cooling inlet 31, and the other end is provided with a liquid cooling outlet 32.

[0023] The heat exchange medium enters the heat exchange pipeline of the liquid cooling component 3 through the liquid cooling inlet 31 and flows continuously along the pipeline wrapped around the outer edge of the battery body 2. It exchanges heat with the surface of the battery body 2 through full contact with the outer wall of the pipeline, and continuously removes the heat generated by the battery operation. The heat exchanged medium flows out from the liquid cooling outlet 32 ​​and enters the external circulation system. The winding pipeline layout can increase the heat exchange contact area with the battery body 2 and ensure uniform heat exchange around the battery.

[0024] Reference Appendix Figure 5 The air supply mechanism includes a drive motor 8 and a cooling fan 9. The output shaft of the drive motor 8 is fixedly connected to the center of the cooling fan 9. The air outlet side of the cooling fan 9 is set towards the through hole of the air inlet grille 5. The bottom housing of the drive motor 8 is slidably sleeved on the outside of the guide rod 11. The side housing of the drive motor 8 is fixedly connected to the movable end of the air storage mechanism.

[0025] After the drive motor 8 is powered on, its output shaft drives the cooling fan 9 to rotate at high speed. The generated cooling airflow blows forward toward the air intake grille 5. After being evenly distributed through the through holes of the air intake grille 5, it blows onto the surface of the battery body 2, carrying away the heat from the surface of the battery cell to achieve air cooling. The guide rod 11 passes through the bottom housing of the drive motor 8, forming a linear guide constraint on the movement trajectory of the air supply mechanism. When the output end of the electric push rod 10 extends or retracts, it can push the drive motor 8 to move smoothly along the axial direction of the guide rod 11. This can not only adjust the air supply position of the cooling fan 9 and expand the air cooling coverage, but also synchronously drive the movable end of the gas storage mechanism to reciprocate through the side housing of the drive motor 8, providing mechanical power input for the negative pressure extraction function.

[0026] Reference Appendix Figure 4 and attached Figure 6 The gas storage mechanism includes a fixed rod 12 and a receiving cylinder 13. One end of the fixed rod 12 is fixed to the housing of the drive motor 8 on the side away from the electric push rod 10. The other end of the fixed rod 12 is sealed and slidably fitted inside the receiving cylinder 13. The middle outer wall of the receiving cylinder 13 is fixed to the inner wall of the battery box 1 by a support frame 7. The end of the receiving cylinder 13 is provided with an air outlet end that is connected to the gas supply pipe 15. The upper side wall of the receiving cylinder 13 is provided with a one-way air inlet 14.

[0027] The receiving cylinder 13 is fixed to the inner wall of the battery box 1 by the support frame 7. In the initial state, the end of the fixing rod 12 extends into the inside of the receiving cylinder 13, and the inner cavity of the receiving cylinder 13 is filled with normal pressure air. When the drive motor 8 moves to one side of the receiving cylinder 13, it drives the fixing rod 12 to slide inward along the inner wall of the receiving cylinder 13 to form a high-pressure airflow. The high-pressure airflow flows into the gas supply pipe 15 through the gas outlet at the end of the receiving cylinder 13 and is continuously delivered to the negative pressure component. During the compression process, the one-way air inlet 14 remains closed to avoid gas leakage and ensure stable gas production pressure. When the drive motor 8 moves in the opposite direction to reset, the fixing rod 12 is pulled outward, a negative pressure is formed in the inner cavity of the receiving cylinder 13, and the one-way air inlet 14 automatically opens to draw in air from the battery box 1 to replenish the inner cavity, storing gas for the next compression action and realizing reciprocating continuous gas storage and supply.

[0028] Reference Appendix Figure 5 and attached Figure 7 The negative pressure component also includes a fixed cylinder 16, a return spring 161, a piston block 17, and a moving rod 18. The fixed cylinder 16 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner partition of the battery box 1. The top of the fixed cylinder 16 is connected to the gas supply pipe 15. The piston block 17 is slidably disposed inside the fixed cylinder 16. The return spring 161 is connected between the inner top wall of the fixed cylinder 16 and the top surface of the piston block 17. The top of the moving rod 18 is fixed to the center of the bottom surface of the piston block 17. The bottom end of the moving rod 18 extends out of the fixed cylinder 16 and is fixedly connected to the top surface of the negative pressure plate 23. The maximum downward stroke of the negative pressure plate 23 is less than the height of the lower end face of the bottom support foot 25 of the battery box 1. The inner cavity of the fixed cylinder 16 has a square structure, and the outer shape of the piston block 17 is adapted to the inner cavity of the fixed cylinder 16.

[0029] High-pressure gas delivered by gas pipe 15 enters the upper chamber of fixed cylinder 16. As the gas pressure gradually increases, it overcomes the elastic force of return spring 161, pushing piston block 17 to slide downward along the inner wall of fixed cylinder 16, thereby driving moving rod 18 and negative pressure plate 23 to move downward synchronously. The outer peripheral wall of negative pressure plate 23 is sealed to the inner wall of negative pressure channel 24. During the downward movement, the volume of the chamber above negative pressure plate 23 rapidly increases, forming a negative pressure environment, continuously drawing hot air from inside battery box 1 into negative pressure channel 24 and discharging it downward. The negative pressure is used to enhance heat dissipation. The inner cavity of the fixed cylinder 16 has a square cross section, which, together with the piston block 17 with a matching shape, can prevent the piston block 17 from rotating circumferentially and ensure the stability of the up and down transmission. The maximum downward stroke of the negative pressure plate 23 is less than the height of the lower end face of the support foot 25, which can prevent the negative pressure plate 23 from protruding and touching the mounting base surface and ensure the stability of the equipment installation. When the air pressure in the air supply pipe 15 decreases, the return spring 161 rebounds and pushes the piston block 17 to move upward and reset, driving the negative pressure plate 23 back to the initial position, and the negative pressure extraction action stops immediately.

[0030] Reference Appendix Figure 8 and attached Figure 9The piston block 17 has a through-hole and a guide hole. The inner wall of the conical hole is sealed with a conical plug 19. The bottom of the conical plug 19 is connected to a spring 191. The bottom end of the spring 191 is slidably fitted inside the support ring 192. The support ring 192 is fixed to the inner wall of the moving rod 18. An impeller 20 is rotatably mounted at the bottom end of the guide hole. The bottom end of the impeller 20 extends out of the moving rod 18 and is fixedly connected to the center of the auxiliary exhaust fan 21. The auxiliary exhaust fan 21 is rotatably mounted at the center of the negative pressure plate 23. An air outlet 22 is provided on the side wall of the moving rod 18 below the impeller 20. The spring force coefficient of the spring 191 is greater than that of the return spring 161. The opening direction of the air outlet 22 is inclined downward. A one-way air outlet valve is embedded inside the air outlet 22. When the negative pressure plate 23 descends to its maximum stroke position, the auxiliary exhaust fan 21 is located inside the negative pressure channel 24, which is used to turbulently enhance the exhaust of the airflow in the negative pressure channel 24.

[0031] In the initial state, the spring force of the spring 191 presses the conical plug 19 upward and tightly against the inner wall of the conical hole of the piston block 17, maintaining the sealing state of the upper and lower chambers of the piston block 17. When the air pressure increases, it will first push the entire piston block 17 downward. After the piston block 17 reaches the end of its stroke and the air pressure continues to increase, the gas pressure overcomes the spring force of the spring 191 and pushes the conical plug 19 downward. The high-pressure airflow flows downward through the conical hole and the guide hole, impacting the blades of the impeller 20 and causing it to rotate at high speed, thereby driving the auxiliary exhaust fan 21 to rotate synchronously. The rotating auxiliary exhaust fan 21 is located inside the negative pressure channel 24, which can form a downward turbulent thrust on the hot air in the channel, accelerating the exhaust speed of the hot air and further improving the negative pressure heat dissipation efficiency. After passing through the impeller 20, the airflow is discharged from the inclined downward air outlet 22. The one-way air outlet valve in the air outlet 22 can prevent the external airflow from flowing back into the moving rod 18.

[0032] A method for thermal management and control of a power battery, applied to a power battery thermal management and control device, is described below: S1. Conventional temperature control: The control unit 6 collects the temperature inside the chamber in real time and controls the liquid cooling component 3 to circulate heat exchange; when the temperature is below the safety threshold, the air supply mechanism supplies air at low power to complete conventional heat dissipation in conjunction with the liquid cooling. S2, Enhanced heat dissipation trigger: When the temperature rises to the critical threshold, the control unit 6 drives the electric push rod 10 to extend, pushes the air supply mechanism to move horizontally and links the air storage mechanism to generate compressed gas, drives the negative pressure component to move downward to form negative pressure exhaust, and at the same time increases the air supply power to achieve positive and negative pressure coordinated heat dissipation. S3, Turbulence-enhanced speed: When the compressed gas pressure reaches the set value, the conical plug 19 is pushed open and the impeller 20 and auxiliary exhaust fan 21 are driven to rotate, and turbulence enhances exhaust efficiency. S4, Mode Reset: When the temperature drops below the safety threshold, the control unit 6 controls the electric push rod 10 to retract, all components reset, and the equipment returns to normal heat dissipation mode.

[0033] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A power battery thermal management and control device, comprising a battery housing (1), wherein a battery body (2) is stacked inside the battery housing (1), the battery housing (1) is provided with a liquid cooling assembly (3) for heat exchange of the battery body (2), and a dust cover (4) is embedded in the side wall of the battery housing (1), characterized in that: An air intake grille (5) is provided between the battery body (2) and the inner wall of the battery box (1). Two sets of air supply mechanisms are arranged parallel to the side of the air intake grille (5) away from the battery body (2). The side parts of the two sets of air supply mechanisms are respectively fixedly connected to the output end of a set of electric push rods (10). The cylinder of the electric push rod (10) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the battery box (1). The bottom of the air supply mechanism is slidably sleeved on the outside of the guide rod (11). Both ends of the guide rod (11) are fixedly connected to the opposite inner wall of the battery box (1). An air storage mechanism is linked to the side of the air supply mechanism. The air storage mechanism is supported by a support frame. (7) Fixed inside the battery box (1), the outlet of the gas storage mechanism is connected to the inlet of the negative pressure component through the gas supply pipe (15), the execution end of the negative pressure component is the negative pressure plate (23), the outer peripheral wall of the negative pressure plate (23) is sealed and slidably fitted to the inner wall of the negative pressure channel (24) opened at the bottom of the battery box (1); the electric push rod (10) drives the air supply mechanism to move along the guide rod (11) and simultaneously drives the gas storage mechanism to generate compressed gas. The compressed gas is input into the negative pressure component through the gas supply pipe (15) and drives the negative pressure plate (23) to move down along the negative pressure channel (24) to draw out the hot air inside the battery box (1) under negative pressure.

2. The power battery thermal management and control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange pipe of the liquid cooling component (3) is wound around the outer edge of the battery body (2). Both ends of the liquid cooling component (3) extend to the top outer side of the battery box (1). One end of the liquid cooling component (3) is provided with a liquid cooling inlet (31) and the other end is provided with a liquid cooling outlet (32).

3. The power battery thermal management and control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air supply mechanism includes a drive motor (8) and a cooling fan (9). The output shaft of the drive motor (8) is fixedly connected to the center of the cooling fan (9). The air outlet side of the cooling fan (9) is arranged facing the through hole of the air inlet grille (5). The bottom housing of the drive motor (8) is slidably sleeved on the outside of the guide rod (11). The side housing of the drive motor (8) is fixedly connected to the movable end of the air storage mechanism.

4. The power battery thermal management and control device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The gas storage mechanism includes a fixed rod (12) and a receiving cylinder (13). One end of the fixed rod (12) is fixed to the housing of the drive motor (8) on the side away from the electric push rod (10). The other end of the fixed rod (12) is sealed and slidably fitted inside the receiving cylinder (13). The middle outer wall of the receiving cylinder (13) is fixed to the inner wall of the battery box (1) by a support frame (7). The end of the receiving cylinder (13) is provided with an air outlet connected to the gas supply pipe (15). The upper side wall of the receiving cylinder (13) is provided with a one-way air inlet (14).

5. The power battery thermal management and control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The negative pressure component also includes a fixed cylinder (16), a reset spring (161), a piston block (17), and a moving rod (18). The fixed cylinder (16) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner partition of the battery box (1). The top of the fixed cylinder (16) is connected to the gas supply pipe (15). The piston block (17) is sealed and slidably disposed inside the fixed cylinder (16). The reset spring (161) is connected between the inner top wall of the fixed cylinder (16) and the top surface of the piston block (17). The top of the moving rod (18) is fixed to the center of the bottom surface of the piston block (17). The bottom end of the moving rod (18) extends out of the fixed cylinder (16) and is fixedly connected to the top surface of the negative pressure plate (23).

6. The power battery thermal management and control device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The maximum downward stroke of the negative pressure plate (23) is less than the height of the lower end face of the bottom support foot (25) of the battery box (1). The inner cavity cross section of the fixed cylinder (16) is a square structure. The shape of the piston block (17) is adapted to the inner cavity of the fixed cylinder (16).

7. The power battery thermal management and control device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The piston block (17) has a through conical hole and a guide hole. The inner wall of the conical hole is sealed with a conical plug (19). The bottom of the conical plug (19) is connected to a matching spring (191). The bottom end of the matching spring (191) is slidably fitted inside the support ring (192). The support ring (192) is fixed to the inner wall of the moving rod (18). An impeller (20) is rotatably installed at the bottom end of the guide hole. The bottom end of the impeller (20) extends out of the interior of the moving rod (18) and is fixedly connected to the center of the auxiliary exhaust fan (21). The auxiliary exhaust fan (21) is rotatably installed at the center of the negative pressure plate (23). An air outlet (22) is opened on the side wall of the moving rod (18) below the impeller (20).

8. The power battery thermal management and control device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The elastic coefficient of the cooperating spring (191) is greater than that of the return spring (161). The opening direction of the air outlet (22) is inclined downward. A one-way air outlet valve is embedded inside the air outlet (22).

9. The power battery thermal management and control device according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the negative pressure plate (23) descends to its maximum stroke position, the auxiliary exhaust fan (21) is located inside the negative pressure channel (24) and is used to turbulently enhance the exhaust of the airflow in the negative pressure channel (24).

10. A method for thermal management and control of a power battery, applied to the power battery thermal management and control device according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: The specific method is as follows: S1. Conventional temperature control: The control unit (6) collects the temperature inside the box in real time and controls the liquid cooling component (3) to circulate heat exchange; when the temperature is below the safety threshold, the air supply mechanism supplies air at low power and cooperates with the liquid cooling to complete the conventional heat dissipation. S2, Enhanced heat dissipation trigger: When the temperature rises to the critical threshold, the control unit (6) drives the electric push rod (10) to extend, pushes the air supply mechanism to move horizontally and links the gas storage mechanism to generate compressed gas, drives the negative pressure component to move downward to form negative pressure exhaust, and at the same time increases the air supply power to achieve positive and negative pressure coordinated heat dissipation; S3, Turbulence-enhanced speed: When the compressed gas pressure reaches the set value, the conical plug (19) is pushed open and the impeller (20) and auxiliary exhaust fan (21) are driven to rotate, and the turbulence enhances the exhaust efficiency. S4, Mode Reset: When the temperature drops below the safety threshold, the control unit (6) controls the electric push rod (10) to retract, all components are reset, and the equipment resumes normal heat dissipation mode.

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