Battery device and electric device

Abstract

The application relates to a battery device and a power consumption device. The battery device comprises a plurality of battery monomers, a heat insulation member and a frame. The plurality of battery monomers are arranged in a stack in a first direction. The heat insulation member is arranged between two adjacent battery monomers in the first direction. The frame is arranged between two adjacent battery monomers in the first direction, and the frame comprises an elastic layer and a heat-resistant layer connected to each other, the elastic layer is arranged around the outer periphery of the heat insulation member, at least part of the heat-resistant layer is arranged on the side of the elastic layer away from the heat insulation member, and the melting point of the heat-resistant layer is higher than that of the elastic layer. The battery device provided by the application can withstand high temperature and corrosion of high-temperature substances when the battery monomers are in thermal runaway without failure, and the heat insulation capacity between the battery monomers is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery manufacturing technology, and in particular to battery devices and electrical devices. Background Technology

[0002] Batteries are widely used in electronic devices such as mobile phones, laptops, electric vehicles, electric cars, electric airplanes, electric ships, electric toy cars, electric toy ships, electric toy airplanes, and power tools, etc.

[0003] In the development of batteries, how to improve the reliability of battery devices is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a battery device and an electrical device, which aim to improve the reliability of the battery device to a certain extent.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application proposes a battery device comprising a plurality of battery cells, a heat insulation element, and a frame. The plurality of battery cells are stacked in a first direction. The heat insulation element is disposed between two adjacent battery cells in the first direction. The frame is disposed between two adjacent battery cells in the first direction, and the frame includes an elastic layer and a heat-resistant layer connected to each other. The elastic layer surrounds the outer periphery of the heat insulation element, and at least a portion of the heat-resistant layer is disposed on the side of the elastic layer away from the heat insulation element. The melting point of the heat-resistant layer is greater than the melting point of the elastic layer.

[0006] The battery device provided in this application includes a frame comprising an elastic layer and a heat-resistant layer connected to each other. The elastic layer surrounds the outer periphery of a heat-insulating component, and at least a portion of the heat-resistant layer is disposed on the side of the elastic layer away from the heat-insulating component. The heat-resistant layer is located on the outermost side of the frame, and its melting point is higher than that of the elastic layer. It can withstand the high temperatures during thermal runaway of individual battery cells and corrosion from high-temperature substances without failure, thus improving the heat insulation capacity between battery cells. This effectively suppresses the temperature rise of adjacent battery cells during thermal runaway, thereby improving the reliability of the battery device. At least a portion of the elastic layer is located inside the heat-resistant layer, protected and blocked by the heat-resistant layer, resulting in relatively less impact from the high temperatures during thermal runaway. Furthermore, the elastic layer provides more expansion gaps, reducing the risk of excessive expansion forces in the later stages of battery cell cycling. Moreover, the elastic layer can disperse and absorb stress on the heat-resistant layer, reducing the risk of deformation caused by stress concentration in the heat-resistant layer, further improving the reliability of the battery device.

[0007] According to one embodiment of this application, a portion of the heat-resistant layer is further disposed between the elastic layer and the heat insulation element.

[0008] In these alternative embodiments, this configuration increases the path length for heat transfer, thereby improving the overall heat resistance of the frame and extending its service life. The elastic interlayer absorbs external vibrations and impacts, reducing physical damage to individual battery cells.

[0009] According to one embodiment of this application, in a first direction, the total size of the heat-resistant layer located on the side of the elastic layer away from the heat insulation member is greater than the total size of the heat-resistant layer located on the side of the elastic layer facing the heat insulation member.

[0010] In these alternative embodiments, the heat-resistant layer located on the side of the elastic layer away from the heat insulation component is in direct contact with the high temperature and high-temperature substances during thermal runaway of the battery cell. Therefore, increasing the thickness of the heat-resistant layer on the side of the elastic layer away from the heat insulation component improves its heat resistance. The relatively small thickness of the heat-resistant layer located between the elastic layer and the heat insulation component provides more space for the expansion of the battery cell.

[0011] According to one embodiment of this application, in a first direction, a portion of the heat-resistant layer is further disposed between the elastic layer and the battery cell.

[0012] In these alternative embodiments, when a battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the battery cell continuously releases high-temperature substances to the outside of the battery cell, which also results in a high temperature of the battery cell's casing. The frame must withstand not only the high temperature released by the battery cell but also the high temperature of the casing in contact with the battery cell. Therefore, a heat-resistant layer is also provided between the elastic layer and the battery cell. Moreover, in the first direction, the impact of the thermally runaway battery cell on its adjacent battery cells is reduced by the barrier provided by the elastic layer and the heat-resistant layer.

[0013] According to one embodiment of this application, a heat-resistant layer surrounds the elastic layer in a cross section of the frame perpendicular to the extending direction of the elastic layer.

[0014] In these alternative embodiments, the frame can withstand the high temperatures during thermal runaway of individual battery cells and corrosion from high-temperature substances without failing, and can further improve the thermal insulation between battery cells, thereby effectively suppressing the temperature rise of adjacent battery cells during thermal runaway of individual battery cells.

[0015] According to one embodiment of this application, the heat-resistant layer covers the elastic layer from the side of the elastic layer away from the heat insulation member.

[0016] In these alternative embodiments, this configuration further enhances the heat resistance of the frame.

[0017] According to one embodiment of this application, a battery cell includes a pressure relief mechanism disposed at one end of the battery cell along a second direction, which is perpendicular to the first direction. The frame includes a first frame body and a second frame body, which are spaced apart. The first frame body is located on the side of the heat insulation member facing the pressure relief mechanism along the second direction, and the second frame body is located on the side of the heat insulation member away from the pressure relief mechanism along the second direction. A portion of a heat-resistant layer is formed in the first frame body, and another portion is formed in the second frame body. A portion of an elastic layer is formed in the first frame body, and another portion is formed in the second frame body. In the first direction, the total size of the heat-resistant layer of the first frame body is larger than the total size of the heat-resistant layer of the second frame body.

[0018] In these alternative embodiments, the first frame body is located near the pressure relief mechanism and in the high-temperature region where gases are released during thermal runaway of a battery cell. Therefore, the heat-resistant layer of the first frame body has a larger dimension in the first direction, exhibiting higher heat resistance and thus withstanding higher temperatures. The second frame body is located away from the pressure relief mechanism and in the low-temperature region where gases are released during thermal runaway of a battery cell. Therefore, the heat-resistant layer of the second frame body has a smaller dimension in the first direction, reducing the amount of heat-resistant layer used and lowering costs.

[0019] According to one embodiment of this application, the frame further includes two third frame bodies disposed between the first frame body and the second frame body, and connected to the first and second frame bodies. The two third frame bodies are disposed on opposite sides of the heat insulation member along a third direction, with the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction being perpendicular to each other. A portion of the heat-resistant layer is formed in the third frame body. A portion of the elastic layer is formed in the third frame body. In the first direction, the total dimension of the heat-resistant layer of the third frame body is larger than the total dimension of the heat-resistant layer of the second frame body.

[0020] In these alternative embodiments, in the first direction, the total size of the heat-resistant layer of the third frame body is larger than the total size of the heat-resistant layer of the second frame body, so that the third frame body has higher heat resistance and improves the risk of the frame failing due to high-temperature corrosion.

[0021] According to one embodiment of this application, the third frame body includes a body portion and a protrusion. The body portion is connected to the first frame body and the second frame body. In the third direction, the protrusion protrudes from the side of the body portion facing the heat insulation member. The protrusion is spaced apart from the heat insulation member. A portion of the heat-resistant layer and at least a portion of the elastic layer form the body portion, and a portion of the heat-resistant layer forms at least a portion of the protrusion.

[0022] In these alternative embodiments, the protrusion is located between the body and the heat insulation component, which can further improve the heat insulation capability between battery cells and effectively suppress the temperature rise of adjacent battery cells in the event of thermal runaway of a battery cell. The protrusion increases the connection area between the frame and the battery cells, thereby increasing the structural stability of the frame.

[0023] According to one embodiment of this application, in a first direction, the size of the protrusion is smaller than the size of the body portion.

[0024] In these alternative embodiments, the protrusions can effectively suppress the temperature rise of adjacent battery cells, and appropriately reducing the thickness of the protrusions can reduce manufacturing costs.

[0025] According to one embodiment of this application, the edge of the protrusion facing the heat insulation member is at least partially arc-shaped.

[0026] According to one embodiment of this application, in the first direction, the ratio of the size of the heat-resistant layer to the size of the elastic layer is 0.1 to 10.

[0027] In these alternative embodiments, the heat-resistant layer and the elastic layer have a suitable ratio, enabling them to work synergistically to enhance the overall high-temperature resistance and load-bearing capacity of the frame. The heat-resistant layer has high heat resistance and insulation properties, while the elastic layer can disperse stress, reduce local stress concentration, and improve the reliability of the frame.

[0028] According to one embodiment of this application, in a first direction, the size of the heat-resistant layer is 2 mm to 10 mm.

[0029] In these alternative embodiments, the dimension of the heat-resistant layer in the first direction needs to be greater than or equal to 2 mm, which can effectively reduce the risk of frame failure caused by high-temperature corrosion of the frame.

[0030] According to one embodiment of this application, in a first direction, the size of the elastic layer is 0.4 mm to 10 mm.

[0031] In these alternative embodiments, the elastic layer is configured such that it has good elasticity under high temperature conditions.

[0032] According to one embodiment of this application, in the direction from the heat insulation member to the frame, the total size of the heat-resistant layer is equal to the size of the elastic layer.

[0033] In these alternative embodiments, during manufacturing, the total size of the heat-resistant layer is equal to the size of the elastic layer in the direction from the insulation to the frame, which helps to simplify the production process.

[0034] According to one embodiment of this application, the heat-resistant layer includes one or more of the following: a gel layer, a fiberglass cloth layer, a glass fiber layer, a ceramic fiber layer, and a rock wool layer.

[0035] In these alternative embodiments, the heat-resistant layer in these specific alternatives has high heat resistance and is easy to manufacture.

[0036] According to one embodiment of this application, the elastic layer includes one or more of a silicone layer, a foam layer, a rubber layer, or a styrene layer.

[0037] In these alternative embodiments, the elastic layer is specifically designed to be highly elastic and easy to manufacture.

[0038] According to one embodiment of this application, the battery device further includes a connector configured to secure the frame to the battery cell.

[0039] In these alternative embodiments, the connectors help to improve the connection stability between the frame and the battery cells.

[0040] Secondly, this application provides an electrical device, including the aforementioned battery device, which is used to store or provide electrical energy.

[0041] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following are specific embodiments of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0042] The features, advantages, and technical effects of exemplary embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of a battery device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 3 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a battery device provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery cell and a frame provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the frame structure provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery cell, heat insulation component, and frame provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0049] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at point aa in one embodiment;

[0050] Figure 8 for Figure 6Another embodiment is shown in the cross-sectional structural diagram at point aa;

[0051] Figure 9 for Figure 6 Another embodiment is shown in the cross-sectional structural diagram at point aa;

[0052] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heat insulation component and the frame provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0053] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery cell and a connector provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0054] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of measurement points for thermal runaway testing of a single battery cell according to some embodiments of this application;

[0055] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the installation for testing the thermal runaway of a single battery cell according to some embodiments of this application.

[0056] The accompanying drawings may not be drawn to scale.

[0057] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0058] 1000, vehicles;

[0059] 100. Battery assembly; 200. Controller; 300. Motor;

[0060] 1a. Battery module; 1b. First housing; 1c. Second housing;

[0061] 10. Battery cell; 11. Pressure relief mechanism;

[0062] 20. Thermal insulation components;

[0063] 30. Frame; 31. Elastic layer; 32. Heat-resistant layer; 33. First frame body; 34. Second frame body; 35. Third frame body; 351. Body part; 352. Protrusion;

[0064] 40. Connecting parts;

[0065] 4. Measuring points; 5. Fixtures;

[0066] z, first direction; x, second direction; y, third direction. Detailed Implementation

[0067] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0068] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used in the description of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the description, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. The terms "first," "second," etc., in the description, claims, or accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order or hierarchy.

[0069] In this application, the reference to "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0070] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "attachment" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0071] In this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent three cases: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, in this application, the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0072] In the embodiments of this application, the same reference numerals denote the same components, and for the sake of brevity, detailed descriptions of the same components are omitted in different embodiments. It should be understood that the thickness, length, width, and other dimensions of various components in the embodiments of this application shown in the accompanying drawings, as well as the overall thickness, length, width, and other dimensions of the integrated device, are merely illustrative and should not constitute any limitation on this application.

[0073] In this application, "multiple" means two or more (including two).

[0074] Currently, judging from market trends, the application of batteries is becoming increasingly widespread. Batteries are not only used in energy storage power systems such as hydropower, thermal power, wind power, and solar power plants, but also widely used in electric vehicles such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, and electric cars, as well as in military equipment and aerospace, among other fields.

[0075] A battery device typically refers to a single physical module comprising multiple battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity. A battery cell can be the smallest unit that makes up a battery device.

[0076] In a battery device, multiple battery cells are stacked, with heat insulation components between adjacent cells to prevent heat transfer. These components typically enclose the heat insulation components in a U-shape, providing protection. In related technologies, the U-shape frame is made of silicone or foam. During a battery cell's thermal runaway, the high-temperature material emitted from the cell melts the U-shape frame, rapidly transferring heat to adjacent cells. This causes the adjacent cells to overheat and potentially lead to thermal runaway, reducing the reliability of the battery device. The above description is for background information related to this application only and does not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0077] The battery device provided in this application includes a frame comprising an elastic layer and a heat-resistant layer connected to each other. The elastic layer surrounds the outer periphery of a heat-insulating component, and at least a portion of the heat-resistant layer is disposed on the side of the elastic layer away from the heat-insulating component. The heat-resistant layer is located on the outermost side of the frame, and its melting point is higher than that of the elastic layer. It can withstand the high temperatures during thermal runaway of individual battery cells and corrosion from high-temperature substances without failure, thus improving the heat insulation capacity between battery cells. This effectively suppresses the temperature rise of adjacent battery cells during thermal runaway, thereby improving the reliability of the battery device. At least a portion of the elastic layer is located inside the heat-resistant layer, protected and blocked by the heat-resistant layer, resulting in relatively less impact from the high temperatures during thermal runaway. Furthermore, the elastic layer provides more expansion gaps, reducing the risk of excessive expansion forces in the later stages of battery cell cycling. Moreover, the elastic layer can disperse and absorb stress on the heat-resistant layer, reducing the risk of deformation caused by stress concentration in the heat-resistant layer, further improving the reliability of the battery device.

[0078] The battery cell described in this application is applicable to batteries and electrical devices that use batteries. This battery cell can be used, but is not limited to, batteries, and can also be used in products such as vehicles, aircraft, ships, electronic devices, and power tools, thereby improving the reliability of these products.

[0079] Electrical devices can include vehicles, mobile phones, portable devices, laptops, ships, spacecraft, electric toys, and power tools, among others. Vehicles can be gasoline-powered cars, natural gas-powered cars, or new energy vehicles; new energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, or range-extended electric vehicles, etc. Spacecraft include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spacecraft, etc. Electric toys include stationary or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys, and electric airplane toys, etc. Power tools include metal cutting power tools, grinding power tools, assembly power tools, and railway power tools, such as electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators, and electric planers, etc.

[0080] For ease of explanation, the following embodiments will be described using a vehicle as an example of an electrical device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0081] See Figure 1 As shown, one embodiment of this application provides a vehicle 1000. The vehicle 1000 can be a gasoline-powered vehicle, a natural gas-powered vehicle, or a new energy vehicle. New energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, or range-extended electric vehicles, etc. In one embodiment of this application, the vehicle 1000 may include a motor 300, a controller 200, and a battery device 100. The controller 200 is used to control the battery device 100 to supply power to the motor 300. The motor 300 is connected to the wheels via a transmission mechanism, thereby driving the vehicle 1000. The battery device 100 can serve as the driving power source for the vehicle 1000, replacing or partially replacing gasoline or natural gas to provide driving power to the vehicle 1000. In one example, the battery device 100 may be located at the bottom, front, or rear of the vehicle 1000. The battery device 100 can be used to supply power to the vehicle 1000. In one example, the battery device 100 can serve as the operating power source for the vehicle 1000's electrical system. For example, the battery device 100 can be used to meet the power needs of the vehicle 1000 during startup, navigation and operation.

[0082] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 An exploded view of a battery device 100 provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0083] In some embodiments, the battery device 100 may include one or more battery cell assemblies for providing voltage and capacity.

[0084] A battery cell assembly may include multiple battery cells ( Figure 2 (Not shown), multiple battery cells are connected in series, parallel, or mixed connection through a busbar. Mixed connection refers to multiple battery cells being connected in both series and parallel.

[0085] A battery cell can be a rechargeable battery cell, which refers to a battery cell that can be recharged after being discharged to activate the active materials and continue to be used.

[0086] As an example, a single battery cell can be a lithium-ion battery cell, a sodium-ion battery cell, a sodium-lithium-ion battery cell, a lithium metal battery cell, a sodium metal battery cell, a lithium-sulfur battery cell, a magnesium-ion battery cell, a nickel-metal hydride battery cell, a nickel-cadmium battery cell, a lead-acid battery cell, etc.

[0087] As an example, a battery cell can be a prismatic battery cell, a pouch battery cell, or a battery cell of other shapes. Prismatic battery cells include prismatic battery cells, blade-shaped battery cells, and multi-prismatic battery cells, such as hexagonal prismatic battery cells.

[0088] In some embodiments, a battery cell assembly is typically formed by arranging multiple battery cells; as an example, a battery cell assembly can be a battery module 1a, which is formed by arranging and fixing multiple battery cells into a single module. As an example, a battery module 1a can be formed by bundling multiple battery cells together with cable ties.

[0089] In some embodiments, the battery device 100 may be a battery pack, which includes a housing and one or more battery cell assemblies housed within the housing. As an example, the battery cell assembly may be a battery module 1a, which can be housed within the housing by securing the battery module 1a to the housing. Alternatively, the battery cell assembly may be housed within the housing by directly securing multiple battery cells to the housing.

[0090] In some embodiments, the housing is used to house individual battery cells, and the housing can have various structures.

[0091] In some embodiments, the housing may include a first housing 1b and a second housing 1c, which overlap each other, and together define a receiving space for accommodating a single battery cell. The second housing 1c may be a hollow structure with one open end, and the first housing 1b may be a plate-like structure, with the first housing 1b covering the open side of the second housing 1c so that the first housing 1b and the second housing 1c together define the receiving space. Alternatively, both the first housing 1b and the second housing 1c may be hollow structures with one open side, with the open side of the first housing 1b covering the open side of the second housing 1c. Of course, the housing formed by the first housing 1b and the second housing 1c can be of various shapes, such as a cylinder, a cuboid, etc.

[0092] In some embodiments, the enclosure may include a top cover, a frame, and a bottom plate. The top cover and bottom plate are respectively connected to the frame, forming an enclosed space inside the enclosure to house the individual battery cells. As an example, the frame may include multiple side beams.

[0093] In some embodiments, the housing may be part of the vehicle's chassis structure. For example, a portion of the housing may be at least a part of the vehicle's floor, or a portion of the housing may be at least a part of the vehicle's crossbeams and longitudinal beams.

[0094] In some embodiments, the battery device 100 may be an energy storage device.

[0095] Energy storage devices can be used in energy storage power stations, wind power generation systems, solar power generation systems, mobile power systems, or temporary power supply systems. Energy storage devices can store electrical energy as needed and output it when appropriate. For example, energy storage devices can store electrical energy during off-peak hours and provide power to relevant users or electrical equipment during peak hours.

[0096] In some embodiments, the energy storage device includes an energy storage container, an energy storage cabinet, etc.

[0097] In some embodiments, there are multiple battery cells, which are first connected in series, parallel, or mixed to form a battery module 1a. The multiple battery modules 1a are then connected in series, parallel, or mixed to form a whole and housed in a housing.

[0098] Multiple battery cells in battery module 1a can be electrically connected via busbars to achieve parallel, series, or mixed connection of the multiple battery cells in battery module 1a. There can be one or more busbars, and each busbar is used to electrically connect at least two battery cells.

[0099] This application provides a battery cell that includes a housing and an electrode assembly housed within the housing.

[0100] In some embodiments, the outer casing may be a steel casing, an aluminum casing, or a composite metal casing (such as a copper-aluminum composite casing).

[0101] The outer shell may be a hollow structure, with an internal cavity 20b for accommodating the electrode assembly and electrolyte.

[0102] In some embodiments, the casing of the battery cell is a cylindrical casing, a square casing, a prismatic casing, or a casing of other shapes.

[0103] In some embodiments, the housing includes a housing and an end cap, the housing having an opening and the end cap being connected to the housing and covering the opening;

[0104] The housing is a component used to fit the end cap to form the internal cavity of the battery cell. The formed internal cavity can be used to house the electrode assembly, electrolyte, and other components.

[0105] The housing and end cap can be separate components. For example, an opening can be provided on the housing, and the end cap can be used to close the opening to form an internal cavity for the battery cell.

[0106] The housing can come in various shapes and sizes, such as cuboid or cylindrical. Specifically, the shape of the housing can be determined based on the specific shape and size of the electrode assembly. The housing can be made of various materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, and aluminum alloy.

[0107] The shape of the end cap can be adapted to the shape of the housing to fit the housing. The material of the end cap can be the same as or different from that of the housing. Optionally, the end cap can be made of a material with a certain degree of hardness and strength (such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, etc.), so that the end cap is not easily deformed when subjected to compression and impact, enabling the battery cell to have higher structural strength and improve reliability.

[0108] The end caps are attached to the housing by welding, bonding, snap-fitting, or other means.

[0109] The housing may be open at one end or at both ends. In some examples, the housing may be a structure with an opening on one side, with one end cap fitting over the housing. In other examples, the housing may be a structure with openings on both sides, with two end caps fitting over the two openings of the housing, respectively.

[0110] Electrode assemblies are the components within a single battery cell where electrochemical reactions occur. The casing may contain one or more electrode assemblies.

[0111] In some embodiments, the electrode assembly includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator, wherein the positive electrode and the negative electrode have opposite polarities, and the separator separates the positive electrode and the negative electrode.

[0112] At least a portion of the separator is located between the positive and negative electrode plates. During the charging and discharging of a single battery cell, active ions (such as lithium ions) repeatedly insert and extract between the positive and negative electrode plates. The separator, positioned between the positive and negative electrode plates, serves to prevent short circuits between the positive and negative electrodes while allowing active ions to pass through.

[0113] In some embodiments, the positive electrode may include a positive current collector and a positive electrode film layer disposed on at least one surface of the positive current collector.

[0114] As an example, the positive current collector has two surfaces opposite each other in its own thickness direction, and the positive electrode film layer is disposed on either or both of the two opposite surfaces of the positive current collector.

[0115] As an example, the positive current collector can be a metal foil, a conductive polymer material, a carbon material, or a composite current collector. For example, as a metal foil, pure metals, alloys, or surface-treated metals can be used, including but not limited to stainless steel, copper, aluminum, nickel, nickel alloys, titanium, or silver. The composite current collector may include a polymer material base layer and a metal layer. The composite current collector can be formed by forming a metal material (aluminum, aluminum alloys, nickel, nickel alloys, titanium, titanium alloys, silver, and silver alloys, etc.) on a polymer material substrate (such as a substrate of polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polystyrene, polyethylene, etc.).

[0116] As an example, the positive electrode film layer includes a positive electrode active material, which may include at least one of the following materials: lithium phosphate, lithium transition metal oxide, and their respective modified compounds. However, this application is not limited to these materials, and other conventional materials that can be used as positive electrode active materials for batteries may also be used. These positive electrode active materials may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Examples of lithium phosphate include, but are not limited to, at least one of lithium iron phosphate (such as LiFePO4 (also referred to as LFP)), lithium iron phosphate and carbon composites, lithium manganese phosphate (such as LiMnPO4), lithium manganese phosphate and carbon composites, lithium iron manganese phosphate, and lithium iron manganese phosphate and carbon composites. Examples of lithium transition metal oxides include, but are not limited to, lithium cobalt oxide (such as LiCoO2), lithium nickel oxide (such as LiNiO2), lithium manganese oxide (such as LiMnO2, LiMn2O4), lithium nickel cobalt oxide, lithium manganese cobalt oxide, lithium nickel manganese oxide, and lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide (such as LiNi). 1 / 3 Co 1 / 3 Mn 1 / 3 O2 (also known as NCM) 333 LiNi 0.5 Co 0.2 Mn 0.3 O2 (also known as NCM) 523 LiNi 0.5 Co 0.25 Mn 0.25 O2 (also known as NCM) 211 LiNi 0.6 Co 0.2 Mn 0.2 O2 (also known as NCM) 622 LiNi 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1O2 (also known as NCM) 811 ), lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide (such as LiNi) 0.8 Co 0.15 Al 0.05 At least one of O2 and its modified compounds. Modified compounds refer to substances obtained by modification methods such as doping or coating based on the above-mentioned substances.

[0117] In some embodiments, the negative electrode may include a negative current collector.

[0118] As an example, the negative electrode current collector can be a metal foil, a conductive polymer material, a carbon material, or a composite current collector. For example, as a metal foil, pure metals, alloys, or surface-treated metals can be used, including but not limited to stainless steel, copper, aluminum, nickel, nickel alloys, titanium, or silver. The composite current collector may include a polymer material substrate and a metal layer. The composite current collector can be formed by forming a metal material (copper, copper alloys, nickel, nickel alloys, titanium, titanium alloys, silver, and silver alloys, etc.) on a polymer material substrate (such as a substrate of polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polystyrene, polyethylene, etc.).

[0119] As an example, the negative electrode sheet may include a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode film layer disposed on at least one surface of the negative electrode current collector.

[0120] As an example, the negative electrode current collector has two surfaces opposite each other in its own thickness direction, and the negative electrode film layer is disposed on either or both of the two opposite surfaces of the negative electrode current collector.

[0121] As an example, the negative electrode film layer includes a negative electrode active material, which may be a negative electrode active material known in the art for use in battery cells. As an example, the negative electrode active material may include at least one of the following materials: artificial graphite, natural graphite, soft carbon, hard carbon, silicon-based materials, tin-based materials, and lithium titanate, etc. Silicon-based materials may be selected from at least one of elemental silicon, silicon oxide compounds, silicon-carbon composites, silicon-nitrogen composites, and silicon alloys. Tin-based materials may be selected from at least one of elemental tin, tin oxide compounds, and tin alloys. However, this application is not limited to these materials, and other conventional materials that can be used as negative electrode active materials in battery cells may also be used. These negative electrode active materials may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0122] In some embodiments, the positive current collector can be made of aluminum, and the negative current collector can be made of copper.

[0123] In some embodiments, the separator includes a separator membrane. The separator membrane in this application can be any known porous membrane with good chemical and mechanical stability.

[0124] As an example, the main material of the separator can be selected from at least one of glass fiber, non-woven fabric, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, and ceramics. The separator can be a single-layer film or a multi-layer composite film, without particular limitation. When the separator is a multi-layer composite film, the materials of each layer can be the same or different.

[0125] Inorganic particle coating, organic particle coating, or organic / inorganic composite coating can also be applied to the surface of the separator.

[0126] The separator can be a single component located between the positive and negative electrodes, or it can be attached to the surface of the positive or negative electrode.

[0127] In some embodiments, the separator is a solid electrolyte. The solid electrolyte is disposed between the positive and negative electrode plates, serving both to transport ions and to isolate the positive and negative electrodes.

[0128] In some embodiments, the battery cell further includes an electrolyte, which acts as a conductor of ions between the positive and negative electrodes. The electrolyte used in this application can be selected according to requirements. The electrolyte can be liquid, gel, or solid.

[0129] In some embodiments, the liquid electrolyte includes an electrolyte salt and a solvent.

[0130] In some embodiments, the electrolyte salt may be selected from at least one of lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium tetrafluoroborate, lithium perchlorate, lithium hexafluoroarsenate, lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate, lithium difluorophosphate, lithium difluorooxalate borate, lithium dioxalate borate, lithium difluorodioxalate phosphate, and lithium tetrafluorooxalate phosphate.

[0131] In some embodiments, the solvent may be selected from at least one of ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, methyl ethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, dipropyl carbonate, methyl propyl carbonate, ethyl propyl carbonate, butyl carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate, methyl formate, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, methyl propionate, ethyl propionate, propyl propionate, methyl butyrate, ethyl butyrate, 1,4-butyrolactone, sulfolane, dimethyl sulfone, methyl ethyl sulfone, and diethyl sulfone. The solvent may also be an ether solvent. Ether solvents may include one or more of ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, ethylene glycol diethyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, triethylene glycol dimethyl ether, tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether, 1,3-dioxolane, tetrahydrofuran, methyl tetrahydrofuran, diphenyl ether, and crown ethers.

[0132] In some embodiments, the electrolyte may optionally include additives. For example, additives may include negative electrode film-forming additives, positive electrode film-forming additives, and additives that can improve certain properties of the battery cell, such as additives that improve the overcharge / fast charge performance of the battery cell, additives that improve the high-temperature performance of the battery cell, and additives that improve the low-temperature performance of the battery cell.

[0133] In some embodiments, the gel electrolyte comprises a polymer as a backbone network and can be used in conjunction with an ionic liquid-lithium salt.

[0134] In some embodiments, the solid electrolyte includes a polymer solid electrolyte, an inorganic solid electrolyte, and a composite solid electrolyte.

[0135] As an example, the polymers of polymeric solid electrolytes may include polyethers (polyoxyethylene), polysiloxanes, polycarbonates, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene fluoride, polymethyl methacrylate, monoionic polymers, polyionic liquids, cellulose, etc.

[0136] As an example, inorganic solid electrolytes can be one or more of the following: oxide solid electrolytes (crystalline perovskite, sodium superconducting ion conductor, garnet, amorphous LiPON thin film), sulfide solid electrolytes (crystalline lithium superconducting ion conductor (lithium germanium phosphorus sulfide, silver sulfide germanium ore), amorphous sulfides), halide solid electrolytes, nitride solid electrolytes, and hydride solid electrolytes.

[0137] As an example, composite solid electrolytes are formed by adding inorganic solid electrolyte fillers to polymer solid electrolytes.

[0138] In some embodiments, the electrode assembly can be a wound structure, a stacked structure, or a hybrid structure of wound and stacked.

[0139] In some implementations, the electrode assembly is a wound structure. The positive and negative electrode sheets are wound into a wound structure.

[0140] In some implementations, the electrode assembly is a stacked structure.

[0141] As an example, multiple positive and negative electrode plates can be set, with multiple positive and multiple negative electrode plates stacked alternately. As an example, multiple positive electrode plates can be set, and negative electrode plates are folded to form multiple stacked folded segments, with a positive electrode plate sandwiched between adjacent folded segments.

[0142] As an example, both the positive and negative electrode plates are folded to form multiple stacked folded segments.

[0143] As an example, multiple separators can be provided, each positioned between any adjacent positive or negative electrode plates.

[0144] As an example, the separators can be continuously arranged, either by folding or rolling between any adjacent positive or negative electrode plates.

[0145] In some embodiments, the electrode assembly can be cylindrical, flat, or polygonal, etc.

[0146] In some embodiments, the positive current collector may include a positive tab, and the negative current collector may include a negative tab. The positive and negative tabs can be used to transmit current. As an example, at least a portion of the positive tab is not coated with a positive film layer, and at least a portion of the negative tab is not coated with a negative film layer.

[0147] In some embodiments, the electrode assembly is a wound structure. The positive electrode tab is wound multiple turns along the winding direction V. Optionally, the end of the positive electrode tab is bent by a flattening or smoothing process to form a multi-layered structure stacked in the axial direction of the electrode assembly. Optionally, the positive electrode tab is annular.

[0148] In some embodiments, the negative electrode tab is wound multiple turns along the winding direction V. Optionally, the end of the negative electrode tab is bent by a flattening or smoothing process to form a multi-layered structure stacked axially on the electrode assembly. The negative electrode tab is annular.

[0149] In some embodiments, the electrode assembly includes an electrode body 10c. As an example, the electrode body 10c includes a positive electrode film layer, a portion of the positive electrode current collector covered by the positive electrode film layer, a negative electrode film layer, a portion of the negative electrode current collector covered by the negative electrode film layer, and a separator.

[0150] The positive and negative tabs can be led out from the same end of the electrode body 10c, or they can be led out from opposite ends of the electrode body 10c. At least a portion of the positive tab protrudes to the outside of the insulating member, and at least a portion of the negative tab protrudes to the outside of the insulating member.

[0151] See Figures 3 to 7 , Figure 3 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a battery device provided in one embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery cell and a frame provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the frame structure provided in one embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery cell, heat insulation component, and frame provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 7 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at point aa in one embodiment.

[0152] like Figures 3 to 7As shown, this application proposes a battery device including a plurality of battery cells 10, a heat insulation member 20, and a frame 30. The plurality of battery cells 10 are stacked in a first direction z. The heat insulation member 20 is disposed between two adjacent battery cells 10 in the first direction z. The frame 30 is disposed between two adjacent battery cells 10 in the first direction z, and the frame 30 includes an elastic layer 31 and a heat-resistant layer 32 connected to each other. The elastic layer 31 is disposed around the outer periphery of the heat insulation member 20, and at least a portion of the heat-resistant layer 32 is disposed on the side of the elastic layer 31 away from the heat insulation member 20. The melting point of the heat-resistant layer 32 is greater than the melting point of the elastic layer 31.

[0153] In some examples, multiple battery cells 10 are arranged along a first direction z. Alternatively, multiple battery cells 10 are arranged in rows and columns along the first direction z and the second direction x, with the first direction z perpendicular to the second direction x.

[0154] Specifically, the battery cell 10 includes a housing and a cover. The housing has an opening. The cover is a component that closes onto the opening of the housing to isolate the internal environment of the battery cell 10 from the external environment.

[0155] Alternatively, the cover can be made of a material with a certain degree of hardness and strength (such as aluminum alloy). The cover is less prone to deformation when subjected to compression or impact, allowing the battery cell 10 to have higher structural strength and improved safety performance.

[0156] Alternatively, the shell material can be various, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., and this application embodiment does not impose any special restrictions on it.

[0157] The battery device includes a heat insulation element 20, which is located between adjacent battery cells 10 in the first direction z. This effectively blocks heat transfer. In the event of thermal runaway of a battery cell 10, it effectively suppresses heat transfer between adjacent battery cells 10, thereby suppressing temperature rise.

[0158] For example, the heat insulation element 20 includes a heat insulation plate or heat insulation sheet, optionally a rectangular sheet, located between the housings of adjacent battery cells 10 in the first direction z.

[0159] Optionally, the battery cell 10 has a rectangular structure with a predetermined length, width, and height. In the first direction z, the heat insulation member 20 is located between the large surfaces of the casings of adjacent battery cells 10. The large surface of the casing is the surface with the largest area. Therefore, this arrangement can block heat transfer between the large surfaces of adjacent battery cells 10.

[0160] In some examples, the thermal insulation 20 may be bonded between adjacent battery cells 10. Alternatively, the thermal insulation 20 may be clamped between adjacent battery cells 10.

[0161] The frame 30 is a frame structure, disposed in the first direction z between two adjacent battery cells 10, and surrounding the outer periphery of the heat insulation member 20. The frame 30 includes an elastic layer 31 and a heat-resistant layer 32 connected to each other, and the frame 30 is a composite layer.

[0162] Because the heat-resistant layer 32 expands or contracts under temperature changes, and the expansion and contraction of the battery during charging and discharging also accelerates the risk of cracking and detachment of the heat-resistant layer 32, it can also cause loosening between the battery cells 10. Since the elastic interlayer can adapt to these differences in expansion and contraction through its own elastic deformation and can partially absorb the stress generated by the expansion or contraction of the heat-resistant layer 32, the overall stability and reliability of the frame 30 are improved. Furthermore, since at least a portion of the heat-resistant layer 32 is disposed on the side of the elastic layer 31 away from the heat insulation member 20, the space occupied by the frame 30 in the first direction z is effectively reduced, providing more space for the battery cells 10 and increasing the overall energy density of the battery device.

[0163] In some examples, the frame 30 does not extend beyond the battery cell 10 in the direction from the heat insulation 20 to the frame 30.

[0164] In some examples, the heat-resistant layer 32 is disposed on the side of the elastic layer 31 away from the heat insulation member 20, and the heat-resistant layer 32 does not completely cover the heat insulation member 20.

[0165] For example, in a cross section perpendicular to the first direction z, the heat-resistant layer 32 is generally U-shaped, or the heat-resistant layer 32 is generally L-shaped.

[0166] In some examples, the heat-resistant layer 32 is disposed on the side of the elastic layer 31 away from the heat insulation member 20, and the heat-resistant layer 32 covers the heat insulation member 20.

[0167] For example, in a cross section perpendicular to the first direction z, the heat-resistant layer 32 is generally annular around the elastic layer 31.

[0168] In some examples, a portion of the heat-resistant layer 32 is disposed on the side of the elastic layer 31 away from the heat insulation member 20, and another portion is disposed on the side of the elastic layer 31 facing the heat insulation member 20, that is, located between the elastic layer 31 and the heat insulation member 20.

[0169] In some examples, the first portion of the heat-resistant layer 32 is disposed on the side of the elastic layer 31 away from the heat insulation member 20, the second portion is disposed on the side of the elastic layer 31 facing the heat insulation member 20, and the third portion is disposed between the elastic layer 31 and the battery cell 10.

[0170] In some examples, the elastic layer 31 is made of an elastic material, and the deformation of the elastic layer 31 is greater than that of the heat-resistant layer 32.

[0171] In some examples, the melting point of the heat-resistant layer 32 is greater than that of the elastic layer 31.

[0172] Optionally, the melting point of the heat-resistant layer 32 is greater than or equal to 600°C.

[0173] In some embodiments, the frame 30 includes an elastic layer 31 and a heat-resistant layer 32 connected to each other, and the connection method may be at least one of snap-fit, adhesive bonding or connector.

[0174] The battery device provided in this application includes a frame 30 comprising an elastic layer 31 and a heat-resistant layer 32 connected to each other. The elastic layer 31 surrounds the outer periphery of the heat insulation member 20. At least a portion of the heat-resistant layer 32 is disposed on the side of the elastic layer 31 away from the heat insulation member 20. The heat-resistant layer 32 is located on the outermost side of the frame 30, and its melting point is greater than that of the elastic layer 31. It can withstand the high temperatures during thermal runaway of the battery cell 10 and corrosion from high-temperature substances without failure, thereby improving the heat insulation capacity between the battery cells 10. This effectively suppresses the temperature rise of adjacent battery cells 10 during thermal runaway, thus improving the reliability of the battery device. At least a portion of the elastic layer 31 is located inside the heat-resistant layer 32 and is protected and blocked by the heat-resistant layer 32. The high temperatures during thermal runaway have a relatively small impact on the elastic layer 31. Moreover, the elastic layer 31 can provide more expansion gaps, thereby reducing the risk of excessive expansion force in the later stages of battery cell 10 cycling. Moreover, the elastic layer 31 can disperse and absorb the stress on the heat-resistant layer 32, which can reduce the risk of deformation of the heat-resistant layer 32 due to stress concentration and further improve the reliability of the battery device.

[0175] See also Figure 8 , Figure 8 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at point aa in another embodiment.

[0176] According to one embodiment of this application, such as Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, a portion of the heat-resistant layer 32 is also disposed between the elastic layer 31 and the heat insulation element 20.

[0177] In some examples, the heat-resistant layer 32 includes a first part and a second part, the first part being disposed on the side of the elastic layer 31 away from the heat insulation member 20, and the second part being located between the elastic layer 31 and the heat insulation member 20, and both the first part and the second part being connected to the elastic layer 31.

[0178] Optionally, a first portion disposed on the side of the elastic layer 31 away from the heat insulation member 20 covers the side of the elastic layer 31 away from the heat insulation member 20.

[0179] Optionally, a second portion located between the elastic layer 31 and the insulation 20 is disposed around the insulation 20.

[0180] For example, the heat-resistant layer 32 includes a first part and a second part. The first part is disposed on the side of the elastic layer 31 away from the heat insulation member 20, and the second part is located between the elastic layer 31 and the heat insulation member 20. The dimension of the first part in the first direction z is larger than the dimension of the second part in the first direction z.

[0181] In some examples, the dimensions of the heat-resistant layer 32 in each region can be the same in the first direction z; alternatively, the dimensions of the heat-resistant layer 32 in each region can be different in the first direction z.

[0182] In some examples, the dimensions of the heat-resistant layer 32 and the elastic layer 31 may be the same in the first direction z; alternatively, the dimensions of the heat-resistant layer 32 and the elastic layer 31 may be different in the first direction z.

[0183] Both sides of the elastic layer 31 are provided with heat-resistant layers 32. This can be understood as the elastic layer 31 being sandwiched between the heat-resistant layers 32. The elastic layer 31 is made of an elastic material, which typically has low thermal conductivity. The elastic material in the sandwich acts as additional thermal resistance, increasing the path length for heat transfer and continuously weakening the heat during the transfer process, thus improving the overall heat resistance of the frame 30. Furthermore, the elastic layer 31 can absorb external vibrations and impacts, reducing physical damage to the battery cells 10.

[0184] In these alternative embodiments, this configuration increases the path length for heat transfer, thereby improving the overall heat resistance of the housing 30 and extending its service life. The elastic interlayer absorbs external vibrations and impacts, reducing physical damage to the battery cells 10.

[0185] According to one embodiment of this application, in the first direction z, the total size of the heat-resistant layer 32 located on the side of the elastic layer 31 away from the heat insulation member 20 is greater than the total size of the heat-resistant layer 32 located between the elastic layer 31 and the heat insulation member 20.

[0186] For example, the frame 30 includes a first heat-resistant layer, a second heat-resistant layer, and an elastic layer 31. The first heat-resistant layer is located on the side of the elastic layer 31 away from the heat insulation member 20, and the second heat-resistant layer is located between the elastic layer 31 and the heat insulation member 20. In the first direction z, the size of the first heat-resistant layer is larger than the size of the second heat-resistant layer.

[0187] In some examples, in the direction from the insulation 20 to the heat-resistant layer 32, the heat-resistant layer 32 located on the side of the elastic layer 31 away from the insulation 20 at least partially overlaps with the heat-resistant layer 32 located between the elastic layer 31 and the insulation 20.

[0188] In these alternative embodiments, the heat-resistant layer 32 located on the side of the elastic layer 31 away from the heat insulation member 20 is in direct contact with the high temperature and high-temperature substances during thermal runaway of the battery cell 10. Therefore, increasing the thickness of the heat-resistant layer 32 on the side of the elastic layer 31 away from the heat insulation member 20 improves its heat resistance. The relatively small thickness of the heat-resistant layer 32 located between the elastic layer 31 and the heat insulation member 20 provides more space for the expansion of the battery cell 10.

[0189] See also Figure 9 , Figure 9 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at point aa in another embodiment.

[0190] According to one embodiment of this application, such as Figure 6 and Figure 9 As shown, in the first direction z, a portion of the heat-resistant layer 32 is also disposed between the elastic layer 31 and the battery cell 10.

[0191] In some examples, in the first direction z, a portion of the heat-resistant layer 32 is also disposed between the elastic layer 31 and the battery cell 10. The heat-resistant layer 32 located between the elastic layer 31 and the battery cell 10 may be spaced apart from the heat-resistant layer 32 located on the side of the elastic layer 31 away from the heat insulation member 20. Alternatively, the heat-resistant layer 32 located between the elastic layer 31 and the battery cell 10 may be connected to the heat-resistant layer 32 located on the side of the elastic layer 31 away from the heat insulation member 20.

[0192] In some examples, the heat-resistant layer 32 is U-shaped or square-shaped in the cross section of the frame 30 perpendicular to the extension direction of the elastic layer 31.

[0193] For example, the frame 30 includes a first heat-resistant layer, a second heat-resistant layer, a third heat-resistant layer and an elastic layer 31. The first heat-resistant layer is located on the side of the elastic layer 31 away from the heat insulation member 20. The second heat-resistant layer is located between the elastic layer 31 and the heat insulation member 20. The third heat-resistant layer is located between the elastic layer 31 and the battery cell 10. The third heat-resistant layer is connected to the first heat-resistant layer and the second heat-resistant layer.

[0194] For example, the frame 30 includes a first heat-resistant layer, a second heat-resistant layer, a third heat-resistant layer, a fourth heat-resistant layer, and an elastic layer 31. The first heat-resistant layer is located on the side of the elastic layer 31 away from the heat insulation member 20. The second heat-resistant layer is located between the elastic layer 31 and the heat insulation member 20. The third heat-resistant layer and the fourth heat-resistant layer are disposed on both sides of the elastic layer 31 along the first direction z. The third heat-resistant layer and the fourth heat-resistant layer are respectively located between the elastic layer 31 and the battery cell 10. The third heat-resistant layer is connected to the first heat-resistant layer and the second heat-resistant layer.

[0195] In some examples, heat-resistant layers 32 are provided on both sides of the elastic layer 31 in the first direction z, and the heat-resistant layers 32 on both sides at least partially overlap along the first direction z.

[0196] In these alternative embodiments, when the battery cell 10 experiences thermal runaway, the battery cell 10 continuously releases high-temperature substances to the outside of the battery cell 10, which also results in a high casing temperature of the battery cell 10. The frame 30 not only has to withstand the high temperature released by the battery cell 10, but also the high temperature of the casing in contact with the battery cell 10. Therefore, a heat-resistant layer 32 is also provided between the elastic layer 31 and the battery cell 10. Moreover, in the first direction z, the impact of the thermally runaway battery cell 10 on its adjacent battery cells 10 is reduced by the barrier of the elastic layer 31 and the heat-resistant layer 32.

[0197] According to one embodiment of this application, such as Figure 6 and Figure 9 As shown, in the cross section of the frame 30 perpendicular to the extending direction of the elastic layer 31, the heat-resistant layer 32 surrounds the elastic layer 31.

[0198] Optionally, in the cross section of the frame 30 perpendicular to the extending direction of the elastic layer 31, the heat-resistant layer 32 is disposed around the elastic layer 31.

[0199] For example, the battery cell 10 includes a pressure relief mechanism 11, a heat-resistant layer 32 surrounds the elastic layer 31 in a cross section of the frame 30 perpendicular to the extending direction of the elastic layer 31, and at least a portion of the heat-resistant layer 32 overlaps with the pressure relief mechanism 11 in the direction of the heat insulation member 20 pointing towards the frame 30.

[0200] In these alternative embodiments, the frame 30 withstands the high temperature during thermal runaway of the battery cell 10 and corrosion from high-temperature substances without failing, and can further improve the thermal insulation capability between the battery cells 10, thereby effectively suppressing the temperature rise of adjacent battery cells 10 during thermal runaway of the battery cell 10.

[0201] According to one embodiment of this application, the heat-resistant layer 32 covers the elastic layer 31 from the side of the elastic layer 31 away from the heat insulation member 20.

[0202] For example, a first portion of the heat-resistant layer 32 covers the elastic layer 31 from the side of the elastic layer 31 away from the heat insulation member 20, and a second portion of the heat-resistant layer 32 is located between the elastic layer 31 and the heat insulation member 20, with the elastic layer 31 covering the second portion of the heat-resistant layer 32 on the side away from the heat insulation member 20.

[0203] In these alternative embodiments, this configuration more effectively improves the heat resistance of the frame 30.

[0204] According to one embodiment of this application, such as Figure 6As shown, the battery cell 10 includes a pressure relief mechanism 11, which is disposed at one end of the battery cell 10 along a second direction x, perpendicular to the first direction z. The frame 30 includes a first frame body 33 and a second frame body 34, which are spaced apart. The first frame body 33 is located on the side of the heat insulation member 20 facing the pressure relief mechanism 11 along the second direction x, and the second frame body 34 is located on the side of the heat insulation member 20 away from the pressure relief mechanism 11 along the second direction x. A portion of the heat-resistant layer 32 is formed in the first frame body 33, and another portion is formed in the second frame body 34. A portion of the elastic layer 31 is formed in the first frame body 33, and another portion is formed in the second frame body 34. In the first direction z, the total size of the heat-resistant layer 32 in the first frame body 33 is larger than the total size of the heat-resistant layer 32 in the second frame body 34.

[0205] A pressure relief mechanism 11 is disposed at one end of the battery cell 10 along the second direction x. The pressure relief mechanism 11 is used to discharge internal gas from the battery cell 10. It is actuated when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 10 reaches a predetermined threshold to release the internal pressure or temperature. "Actuation" means that the pressure relief mechanism 11 is activated or brought to a certain state, thereby allowing the internal pressure and temperature of the battery cell 10 to be released. The actions of the pressure relief mechanism 11 may include, but are not limited to, the movement of components within the pressure relief mechanism 11 to form an exhaust channel, at least a portion of the pressure relief mechanism 11 rupturing, breaking, tearing, or opening, etc. When the pressure relief mechanism 11 is actuated, the high-temperature, high-pressure substances inside the battery cell 10 are discharged outwards from the actuated portion as emissions. In this way, the battery cell 10 can be depressurized and de-temperatured under controllable pressure or temperature, thereby avoiding potentially more serious accidents. Emissions include, but are not limited to, electrolytes, dissolved or broken positive and negative electrode plates, fragments of separators, high-temperature, high-pressure gases generated by the reaction, flames, etc.

[0206] The frame 30 includes a first frame body 33 and a second frame body 34, which are spaced apart. The first frame body 33 is located on the side of the heat insulation member 20 facing the pressure relief mechanism 11 along the second direction x. The second frame body 34 is located on the side of the heat insulation member 20 away from the pressure relief mechanism 11 along the second direction x. Therefore, the first frame body 33 is closer to the pressure relief mechanism 11, i.e., located in the high-temperature region. The second frame body 34 is farther away from the pressure relief mechanism 11, i.e., located in the low-temperature region.

[0207] In this application, the frame 30 includes a first frame body 33 and a second frame body 34. The frame 30 may also include a third frame body, a fourth frame body, a fifth frame body, etc., to form a frame structure of the frame 30.

[0208] In some examples, the first frame body 33 includes a heat-resistant layer 32 and an elastic layer 31, with the heat-resistant layer 32 located on opposite sides of the elastic layer 31 along the second direction x.

[0209] Optionally, in the first direction z, the size of the heat-resistant layer 32 of the first frame body 33 located on the side of the elastic layer 31 facing the pressure relief mechanism 11 is larger than the size of the heat-resistant layer 32 located between the elastic layer 31 and the heat insulation member 20.

[0210] In some examples, in the first direction z, the heat-resistant layer 32 of the first frame body 33 gradually increases in size as it approaches the pressure relief mechanism 11 in the second direction x.

[0211] In some examples, in the first direction z, the size of the heat-resistant layer 32 of the second frame body 34 gradually decreases away from the pressure relief mechanism 11 along the second direction x.

[0212] In some examples, the first frame body 33 includes a portion of a heat-resistant layer 32 and a portion of an elastic layer 31, with the heat-resistant layer 32 of the first frame body 33 located on opposite sides of the elastic layer 31 along the second direction x. The second frame body 34 includes another portion of a heat-resistant layer 32 and another portion of an elastic layer 31, with the heat-resistant layer 32 of the second frame body 34 located on opposite sides of the elastic layer 31 along the second direction x. In the first direction z, the total dimension of the heat-resistant layer 32 of the first frame body 33 is larger than the total dimension of the heat-resistant layer 32 of the second frame body 34.

[0213] In other examples, the first frame body 33 includes a portion of a heat-resistant layer 32 and a portion of an elastic layer 31, with the heat-resistant layer 32 of the first frame body 33 located on the side of the elastic layer 31 facing the pressure relief mechanism 11 along the second direction x. The second frame body 34 includes another portion of a heat-resistant layer 32 and another portion of an elastic layer 31, with the heat-resistant layer 32 of the second frame body 34 located on the side of the elastic layer 31 away from the pressure relief mechanism 11 along the second direction x. In the first direction z, the total dimension of the heat-resistant layer 32 of the first frame body 33 is larger than the total dimension of the heat-resistant layer 32 of the second frame body 34.

[0214] In these alternative embodiments, the first frame body 33 is close to the pressure relief mechanism 11 and is located in the high-temperature region where the gas is released during thermal runaway of the battery cell 10. Therefore, the heat-resistant layer 32 of the first frame body 33 has a larger dimension in the first direction z, and has higher heat resistance to withstand higher temperatures. The second frame body 34 is far from the pressure relief mechanism 11 and is located in the low-temperature region where the gas is released during thermal runaway of the battery cell 10. Therefore, the heat-resistant layer 32 of the second frame body 34 has a smaller dimension in the first direction z, so as to reduce the use of the heat-resistant layer 32 and reduce costs.

[0215] According to one embodiment of this application, such as Figure 6As shown, the frame 30 also includes two third frame bodies 35, which are disposed between the first frame body 33 and the second frame body 34. The third frame bodies 35 are connected to the first frame body 33 and the second frame body 34. The two third frame bodies 35 are disposed on opposite sides of the heat insulation member 20 along a third direction y, with the first direction z, the second direction x, and the third direction y being perpendicular to each other. A portion of the heat-resistant layer 32 is formed in the third frame body 35. A portion of the elastic layer 31 is formed in the third frame body 35. In the first direction z, the total size of the heat-resistant layer 32 in the third frame body 35 is larger than the total size of the heat-resistant layer 32 in the second frame body 34.

[0216] When a battery cell 10 experiences thermal runaway, it continuously releases high-temperature substances to the outside, resulting in a higher casing temperature, particularly on the large surface of the casing that contacts the frame 30. The third frame body 35, on the one hand, is closer to the pressure relief mechanism 11 than the second frame body 34; on the other hand, the temperature of the area where the third frame body 35 contacts the battery cell 10 is also higher than that of the area where the second frame body 34 contacts the battery cell 10. Therefore, the heat resistance of the third frame body 35 is superior to that of the second frame body 34.

[0217] The frame 30 must withstand not only the high temperature released by the battery cell 10, but also the high temperature of the casing in contact with the battery cell 10. Therefore, a heat-resistant layer 32 is also provided between the elastic layer 31 and the battery cell 10. Moreover, in the first direction z, the influence of the thermally runaway battery cell 10 on its adjacent battery cells 10 is reduced by the barrier of the elastic layer 31 and the heat-resistant layer 32.

[0218] Exemplarily, the frame 30 includes a first frame body 33, a second frame body 34, and two third frame bodies 35. The first frame body 33 and the second frame body 34 are spaced apart. The first frame body 33 is located on the side of the heat insulation member 20 facing the pressure relief mechanism 11 along the second direction x, and the second frame body 34 is located on the side of the heat insulation member 20 away from the pressure relief mechanism 11 along the second direction x. The two third frame bodies 35 are disposed between the first frame body 33 and the second frame body 34, and are connected to the first frame body 33 and the second frame body 34. The two third frame bodies 35 are disposed on opposite sides of the heat insulation member 20 along the third direction y. The first frame body 33, the second frame body 34, and the two third frame bodies 35 enclose and form a frame structure. In the first direction z, the total size of the heat-resistant layer 32 of the third frame body 35 is larger than the total size of the heat-resistant layer 32 of the second frame body 34.

[0219] Optionally, in the first direction z, the total size of the heat-resistant layer 32 of the first frame body 33 is greater than the total size of the heat-resistant layer 32 of the third frame body 35, and the total size of the heat-resistant layer 32 of the third frame body 35 is greater than the total size of the heat-resistant layer 32 of the second frame body 34.

[0220] For example, in the first direction z, the size of the heat-resistant layer 32 of the third frame body 35 gradually decreases away from the pressure relief mechanism 11 along the second direction x.

[0221] In these alternative embodiments, in the first direction z, the total size of the heat-resistant layer 32 of the third frame body 35 is larger than the total size of the heat-resistant layer 32 of the second frame body 34, so that the third frame body 35 has higher heat resistance and improves the risk of the frame 30 failing due to high temperature corrosion.

[0222] See conclusion Figure 10 , Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heat insulation component and the frame provided in one embodiment of this application.

[0223] According to one embodiment of this application, such as Figure 6 and Figure 10 As shown, the third frame body 35 includes a body portion 351 and a protrusion 352. The body portion 351 is connected to the first frame body 33 and the second frame body 34. In the third direction y, the protrusion 352 protrudes from the side of the body portion 351 facing the heat insulation member 20. The protrusion 352 is spaced apart from the heat insulation member 20. A portion of the heat-resistant layer 32 and at least a portion of the elastic layer 31 form the body portion 351, and a portion of the heat-resistant layer 32 forms at least a portion of the protrusion 352.

[0224] When a battery cell 10 experiences thermal runaway, the heat diffused from the electrode assembly inside the battery cell 10 is preferentially transferred to both sides and then discharged through the pressure relief mechanism 11, resulting in higher temperatures on both sides of the large surface of the thermal runaway casing (the surface in contact with the heat insulation pad). Therefore, the third frame body 35 corresponds to the area with higher temperature in the first direction z, and by providing the body portion 351 and the protrusion 352, it can further block the transfer of heat to adjacent battery cells 10.

[0225] In some examples, the third frame body 35 includes a body portion 351 and a protrusion 352. The body portion 351 is connected to the first frame body 33 and the second frame body 34. In the third direction y, the protrusion 352 protrudes from the side of the body portion 351 facing the heat insulation member 20. The protrusion 352 is spaced apart from the heat insulation member 20 and is close to the first frame body 30. Alternatively, the protrusion 352 is located at the middle of the body portion 351 along the second direction x.

[0226] In some examples, the third frame body 35 includes a body portion 351 and a plurality of protrusions 352. The body portion 351 is connected to the first frame body 33 and the second frame body 34. In the third direction y, the protrusions 352 protrude from the side of the body portion 351 facing the heat insulation member 20. The protrusions 352 are spaced apart from the heat insulation member 20, and the plurality of protrusions 352 are spaced apart along the second direction x.

[0227] In some examples, the structure of the protrusion 352 may be at least one of rectangular, arc-shaped, triangular, or tooth-shaped.

[0228] In some examples, a portion of the heat-resistant layer 32 forms the body portion 351, and another portion forms the protrusion 352; a portion of the elastic layer 31 forms the body portion 351, and another portion forms the protrusion 352.

[0229] In other examples, a portion of the heat-resistant layer 32 forms the body portion 351, and another portion forms the protrusion 352; the elastic layer 31 forms the body portion 351.

[0230] In these alternative embodiments, the protrusion 352 is located between the body portion 351 and the heat insulation member 20, which can further improve the heat insulation capability between the battery cells 10 and effectively suppress the temperature rise of adjacent battery cells 10 in the event of thermal runaway of the battery cell 10. The provision of the protrusion 352 increases the connection area between the frame 30 and the battery cell 10, thereby increasing the structural stability of the frame 30.

[0231] According to one embodiment of this application, in the first direction z, the size of the protrusion 352 is smaller than the size of the body portion 351.

[0232] For example, in the first direction z, the size of the protrusion 352 gradually decreases along the direction from the body portion 351 to the protrusion 352.

[0233] In these alternative embodiments, the protrusion 352 can effectively suppress the temperature rise of adjacent battery cells 10, and appropriately reducing the thickness of the protrusion 352 can reduce manufacturing costs.

[0234] According to one embodiment of this application, the edge of the protrusion 352 facing the heat insulation member 20 is at least partially arc-shaped.

[0235] Optionally, the edge of the protrusion 352 facing the heat insulation member 20 is arc-shaped, with one end of the arc close to the first frame 30 and the other end close to the second frame 30.

[0236] According to one embodiment of this application, in the first direction z, the ratio of the size of the heat-resistant layer 32 to the size of the elastic layer 31 is 0.1 to 10.

[0237] In some examples of this application, in the first direction z, the ratio of the size of the heat-resistant layer 32 to the size of the elastic layer 31 is 0.1, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5, 5, 5.5, 6, 6.5, 7, 7.5, 8, 8.5, 9, 9.5, 10 or other ranges formed by any two of the above endpoints.

[0238] In some examples, in the first direction z, the ratio of the size of the heat-resistant layer 32 to the size of the elastic layer 31 is less than 1. This can be understood as the thickness of the heat-resistant layer 32 being less than the thickness of the elastic layer 31, which also gives the frame 30 a certain degree of heat resistance.

[0239] Optionally, in the first direction z, the ratio of the size of the heat-resistant layer 32 to the size of the elastic layer 31 is 1 to 5.

[0240] Alternatively, in the first direction z, the ratio of the size of the heat-resistant layer 32 to the size of the elastic layer 31 is 2 to 4.

[0241] In these alternative embodiments, the heat-resistant layer 32 and the elastic layer 31 have a suitable ratio, enabling them to form a good synergistic effect and enhance the overall high-temperature resistance and load-bearing capacity of the frame 30. The heat-resistant layer 32 has high heat resistance and thermal insulation performance, while the elastic layer 31 can disperse stress, reduce local stress concentration, and improve the reliability of the frame 30.

[0242] According to one embodiment of this application, in the first direction z, the heat-resistant layer 32 has a size of 2 mm to 10 mm.

[0243] In some examples of this application, the dimensions of the heat-resistant layer 32 in the first direction z are 2 mm, 2.5 mm, 3 mm, 3.5 mm, 4 mm, 4.5 mm, 5 mm, 5.5 mm, 6 mm, 6.5 mm, 7 mm, 7.5 mm, 8 mm, 8.5 mm, 9 mm, 9.5 mm, 10 mm, or other ranges formed by any two of the above endpoints.

[0244] In these alternative embodiments, the dimension of the heat-resistant layer 32 in the first direction z needs to be greater than or equal to 2 mm, which can effectively reduce the risk of frame 30 failure due to high temperature corrosion.

[0245] According to one embodiment of this application, in the first direction z, the size of the elastic layer 31 is 0.4 mm to 10 mm.

[0246] In some examples of this application, the dimensions of the elastic layer 31 in the first direction z are 0.4 mm, 0.5 mm, 1 mm, 1.5 mm, 2 mm, 2.5 mm, 3 mm, 3.5 mm, 4 mm, 4.5 mm, 5 mm, 5.5 mm, 6 mm, 6.5 mm, 7 mm, 7.5 mm, 8 mm, 8.5 mm, 9 mm, 9.5 mm, 10 mm, or other ranges formed by any two of the above endpoints.

[0247] Optionally, in the first direction z, the size of the elastic layer 31 is 0.4 mm to 2 mm.

[0248] In these alternative embodiments, the elastic layer 31 is configured such that it has good elasticity under high temperature conditions.

[0249] According to one embodiment of this application, in the direction from the heat insulation member 20 to the frame 30, the total size of the heat-resistant layer 32 is equal to the size of the elastic layer 31.

[0250] For example, the frame 30 includes a heat-resistant layer 32 and an elastic layer 31. The heat-resistant layer 32 is located on the side of the elastic layer 31 away from the heat insulation member 20. In the direction from the heat insulation member 20 to the frame 30, the total size of the heat-resistant layer 32 is equal to the size of the elastic layer 31.

[0251] For example, the frame 30 includes a first heat-resistant layer, a second heat-resistant layer, and an elastic layer 31. The first heat-resistant layer is located on the side of the elastic layer 31 away from the heat insulation member 20, and the second heat-resistant layer is located between the elastic layer 31 and the heat insulation member 20. In the direction from the heat insulation member 20 to the frame 30, the total size of the first heat-resistant layer and the second heat-resistant layer is equal to the size of the elastic layer 31.

[0252] In these alternative embodiments, during manufacturing, the total size of the heat-resistant layer 32 is equal to the size of the elastic layer 31 in the direction from the heat insulation element 20 to the frame 30, which helps to simplify the production process.

[0253] According to one embodiment of this application, the heat-resistant layer 32 includes one or more of the following: a gel layer, a fiberglass cloth layer, a glass fiber layer, a ceramic fiber layer, and a rock wool layer.

[0254] In these alternative embodiments, the heat-resistant layer 32 is specifically designed to have high heat resistance and be easy to manufacture.

[0255] According to one embodiment of this application, the elastic layer 31 includes one or more of a silicone layer, a foam layer, a rubber layer, or a styrene layer.

[0256] In these alternative embodiments, the elastic layer 31 is specifically designed to be highly elastic and easy to manufacture.

[0257] See also Figure 11 , Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery cell and a connector provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0258] According to one embodiment of this application, such as Figure 11 As shown, the battery device also includes a connector 40, which is configured to secure the frame 30 to the battery cell 10.

[0259] Optionally, the connector 40 is an adhesive component that bonds the frame 30 to the housing of the battery cell 10.

[0260] In some examples, the battery device includes a plurality of connectors 40, which are spaced apart along the periphery of the frame 30.

[0261] In these alternative embodiments, the connector 40 helps to improve the connection stability between the frame 30 and the battery cell 10.

[0262] In some examples, the positive electrode material of the electrode assembly of the battery cell 10 includes nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary lithium. The casing of the battery cell 10 is aluminum.

[0263] In the NCM (Nickel Cobalt Manganese) system, a larger capacity is needed to meet range requirements. NCM is chemically reactive, and the chemical reaction is violent during thermal runaway. Furthermore, increasing the capacity of the individual battery cells 10 further exacerbates the thermal runaway temperature rise. In the NCM system, the thermal runaway temperature can reach over 1000℃. When the pressure relief mechanism 11 is activated, high-temperature substances escape from the thermal runaway battery cell 10 and come into contact with the frame 30. In addition, the casing material of the battery cell 10 is mostly aluminum, with a melting point of 660℃ and a boiling point of 2327℃. When the thermal runaway temperature exceeds its melting point, the casing of the battery cell 10 is prone to softening and deformation. The high temperature is transferred to adjacent cells, causing them to heat up too quickly, easily triggering a chain reaction and leading to successive thermal runaways of the battery cells 10. Therefore, by designing the frame 30 as a composite layer of heat-resistant layer 32 and elastic layer 31, it can withstand the high temperatures during thermal runaway of the battery cell 10 and the corrosion of high-temperature substances without failure, thereby improving the heat insulation capacity between the battery cells 10. This effectively suppresses the temperature rise of adjacent battery cells 10 during thermal runaway of the battery cell 10, thus improving the reliability of the battery device.

[0264] Secondly, this application provides an electrical device, including a battery device for storing or providing electrical energy.

[0265] According to some embodiments of this application, see Figures 3 to 6 , Figure 8 This application provides a battery device. The battery device includes a plurality of battery cells 10, a heat insulation member 20, a frame 30, and a connector 40. The connector 40 is configured to fix the frame 30 to the battery cells 10.

[0266] Multiple battery cells 10 are stacked in a first direction z. Each battery cell 10 includes a pressure relief mechanism 11, which is located at one end of the battery cell 10 along a second direction x.

[0267] A heat insulation element 20 is disposed between two adjacent battery cells 10 in the first direction z. A frame 30 is disposed between two adjacent battery cells 10 in the first direction z. The frame 30 includes an elastic layer 31 and a heat-resistant layer 32 connected to each other. The elastic layer 31 is disposed around the outer periphery of the heat insulation element 20. A first portion of the heat-resistant layer 32 is disposed on the side of the elastic layer 31 away from the heat insulation element 20, a second portion is disposed between the elastic layer 31 and the heat insulation element 20, and a third portion is disposed between the elastic layer 31 and the battery cell 10. The melting point of the heat-resistant layer 32 is greater than the melting point of the elastic layer 31. In the first direction z, the total size of the heat-resistant layer 32 located on the side of the elastic layer 31 away from the heat insulation element 20 is greater than the total size of the heat-resistant layer 32 located on the side of the elastic layer 31 facing the heat insulation element 20. The heat-resistant layer 32 covers the elastic layer 31 from the side of the elastic layer 31 away from the heat insulation element 20.

[0268] The frame 30 includes a first frame body 33, a second frame body 34, and two third frame bodies 35. The first frame body 33 and the second frame body 34 are spaced apart. The first frame body 33 is located on the side of the heat insulation member 20 facing the pressure relief mechanism 11 along the second direction x, and the second frame body 34 is located on the side of the heat insulation member 20 away from the pressure relief mechanism 11 along the second direction x. The two third frame bodies 35 are disposed between the first frame body 33 and the second frame body 34, connecting the first frame body 33 and the second frame body 34. The two third frame bodies 35 are located on opposite sides of the heat insulation member 20 along a third direction y, with the first direction z, the second direction x, and the third direction y being perpendicular to each other. A first portion of the heat-resistant layer 32 is formed in the first frame body 33, a second portion is formed in the second frame body 34, and a third portion forms the third frame 30. A first portion of the elastic layer 31 is formed in the first frame body 33, a second portion is formed in the second frame body 34, and a third portion forms the third frame 30. In the first direction z, the total size of the heat-resistant layer 32 of the first frame body 33 is larger than the total size of the heat-resistant layer 32 of the second frame body 34. The total size of the heat-resistant layer 32 of the third frame body 35 is larger than the total size of the heat-resistant layer 32 of the second frame body 34. In the first direction z, the ratio of the size of the heat-resistant layer 32 to the size of the elastic layer 31 is 1 to 5. In the first direction z, the size of the heat-resistant layer 32 is 2 mm to 10 mm. In the first direction z, the size of the elastic layer 31 is 0.4 mm to 10 mm. The heat-resistant layer 32 includes one or more of a gel layer, a fiberglass cloth layer, a glass fiber layer, a ceramic fiber layer, and a rock wool layer. The elastic layer 31 includes one or more of a silicone layer, a foam layer, a rubber layer, or a styrene layer.

[0269] In addition, please refer to Figure 12 and Figure 13 , Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of measurement points for thermal runaway testing of a single battery cell according to some embodiments of this application; Figure 13This is a schematic diagram of the installation for testing the thermal runaway of a single battery cell according to some embodiments of this application.

[0270] This application includes the following tests for thermal runaway of individual battery cells:

[0271] Multiple test samples are set up, each containing multiple battery cells, with one cell selected from each group as the test cell. The test cell is kept fully charged and its temperature maintained at 25±3℃. Busbars (e.g., flexible pads) are soldered to the top cover and electrode terminals of the test cell. Temperature sensing wires are arranged on the test cell, with measurement point 4 arranged as follows... Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown. Voltage measurement lines are arranged on the battery cell to be tested to measure the voltage between the positive and negative terminals, the voltage from the positive terminal to the casing, and the voltage from the negative terminal to the casing (the interval between two measurements should not exceed 0.1 seconds). Each group of test samples is stacked and clamped by fixture 5. The clamping force of fixture 5 is 3000N. The upper surface of fixture 5 is flush with the cover plate of the battery cell, and the bottom of the battery cell is suspended (the suspension height is not less than 5mm).

[0272] During testing: Step 1, maintain temperature at 60℃ for 5 hours; Step 2, control the temperature rise rate at 5℃ / min, maintain for 30 minutes after each 5℃ increase, and heat the battery cell under test (heating plates are placed on its two large surfaces) to induce thermal runaway; Step 3, let stand for 1 hour.

[0273] The frame includes a heat-resistant layer and an elastic layer connected to each other. A portion of the heat-resistant layer is located on the side of the elastic layer away from the heat insulation component, and another portion is located between the elastic layer and the heat insulation component. In a first direction, the heat-resistant layer on the side of the elastic layer away from the heat insulation component has a dimension of 3 mm, and the heat-resistant layer between the elastic layer and the heat insulation component has a dimension of 2 mm. The heat-resistant layer includes a gel layer, a fiberglass cloth layer, a glass fiber layer, a ceramic fiber layer, and a rock wool layer. In the first direction, the elastic layer has a dimension of 2 mm and includes a silicone layer, a foam layer, a rubber layer, or a styrene layer. In the direction from the heat insulation component to the elastic layer, the total dimension of the heat-resistant layer is equal to the total dimension of the elastic layer. All eight sets of samples passed the tests; adjacent battery cells of the thermally runaway battery cells did not experience thermal runaway, and the frame did not deform or fail.

[0274] The frame consists only of a heat-resistant layer, which measures 5mm in size in the first direction. Test results show that the frame exhibits slight deformation and gaps appear between it and the individual battery cells.

[0275] Although this application has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, various modifications can be made thereto and components can be replaced with equivalents without departing from the scope of this application. In particular, the technical features mentioned in the various embodiments can be combined in any manner, provided there is no structural conflict. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery device, characterized in that, include: Multiple battery cells are stacked in a first direction; A heat insulation element is disposed between two adjacent battery cells in the first direction; A frame is disposed between two adjacent battery cells in the first direction. The frame includes an elastic layer and a heat-resistant layer connected to each other. The elastic layer is disposed around the outer periphery of the heat insulation member. At least a portion of the heat-resistant layer is disposed on the side of the elastic layer away from the heat insulation member. The melting point of the heat-resistant layer is greater than that of the elastic layer.

2. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A portion of the heat-resistant layer is also disposed between the elastic layer and the heat insulation element.

3. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the first direction, the total size of the heat-resistant layer located on the side of the elastic layer away from the heat insulation member is greater than the total size of the heat-resistant layer located between the elastic layer and the heat insulation member.

4. The battery device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, In the first direction, a portion of the heat-resistant layer is also disposed between the elastic layer and the battery cell.

5. The battery device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, Within a cross-section of the frame perpendicular to the extending direction of the elastic layer, the heat-resistant layer surrounds the elastic layer.

6. The battery device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The heat-resistant layer covers the elastic layer from the side of the elastic layer away from the insulation.

7. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery cell includes a pressure relief mechanism, which is disposed at one end of the battery cell along a second direction, the second direction being perpendicular to the first direction; The frame includes a first frame body and a second frame body, which are spaced apart. The first frame body is located on the side of the heat insulation member facing the pressure relief mechanism along the second direction, and the second frame body is located on the side of the heat insulation member away from the pressure relief mechanism along the second direction. A portion of the heat-resistant layer is formed in the first frame body, and another portion is formed in the second frame body; A portion of the elastic layer is formed in the first frame body, and another portion is formed in the second frame body; In the first direction, the total size of the heat-resistant layer of the first frame body is greater than the total size of the heat-resistant layer of the second frame body.

8. The battery device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The frame also includes two third frame bodies, which are disposed between the first frame body and the second frame body and are connected to the first frame body and the second frame body. The two third frame bodies are disposed on opposite sides of the heat insulation member along a third direction, and the first direction, the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to each other. A portion of the heat-resistant layer is formed in the third frame body; A portion of the elastic layer is formed in the third frame body; In the first direction, the total size of the heat-resistant layer of the third frame body is greater than the total size of the heat-resistant layer of the second frame body.

9. The battery device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The third frame body includes a body portion and a protrusion. The body portion is connected to the first frame body and the second frame body. In the third direction, the protrusion protrudes from the side of the body portion facing the heat insulation member. The protrusion is spaced apart from the heat insulation member. A portion of the heat-resistant layer and at least a portion of the elastic layer form the body portion, and a portion of the heat-resistant layer forms at least a portion of the protrusion.

10. The battery device according to claim 9, characterized in that, In the first direction, the size of the protrusion is smaller than the size of the body portion.

11. The battery device according to claim 10, characterized in that, The edge of the protrusion facing the heat insulation member is at least partially arc-shaped.

12. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the first direction, the ratio of the size of the heat-resistant layer to the size of the elastic layer is 0.1 to 10.

13. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the first direction, the size of the heat-resistant layer is 2 mm to 10 mm.

14. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the first direction, the size of the elastic layer is from 0.4 mm to 10 mm.

15. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the direction from the heat insulation element to the frame, the total size of the heat-resistant layer is equal to the size of the elastic layer.

16. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat-resistant layer includes one or more of the following: a gel layer, a fiberglass cloth layer, a glass fiber layer, a ceramic fiber layer, and a rock wool layer.

17. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic layer includes one or more of the following: a silicone layer, a foam layer, a rubber layer, or a styrene layer.

18. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery device further includes a connector configured to secure the frame to the battery cell.

19. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, Includes the battery device according to any one of claims 1 to 18.

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