Battery module, battery pack, power utilization device, and cell restraining force adjustment method

Abstract

The embodiment of the present application provides a battery module, a battery pack, a power consumption equipment and a cell restraining force adjusting method. The battery module comprises a shell, at least two cells and a magnetic assembly arranged in the shell, and the at least two cells are arranged along a first direction. The magnetic assembly is located at least one end of two opposite ends of the at least two cells along the first direction, the magnetic assembly comprises a first magnetic part and a second magnetic part arranged along the first direction, the ends of the first magnetic part and the second magnetic part facing each other repel each other, and at least one of the first magnetic part and the second magnetic part is an electromagnet, and the electromagnet is used to be connected with a control device. The battery module is used to achieve the effect of adjusting the size of the restraining force applied on the cell, so that the restraining force on the cell is adapted to the expansion degree of the cell.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery module, battery pack, electrical equipment, and a method for adjusting the restraint force of battery cells. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of economy and technology, battery modules are being used more and more widely in energy storage, mobile devices, new energy vehicles, smart grids and other fields. A battery module consists of multiple cells. During the cyclic charging and discharging process of the cells, the cells tend to expand in volume, which puts a certain expansion force on the end plate of the battery module, posing a potential safety hazard to the battery module.

[0003] To reduce cell expansion and deformation, battery modules typically incorporate restraint structures to limit cell expansion and protect the cells. However, these restraint structures often fail to provide the appropriate restraint force based on the degree of cell expansion and deformation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a battery module, a battery pack, an electrical device, and a method for adjusting the restraint force of a battery cell, so as to achieve the effect of adjustable restraint force applied to the battery cell.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a battery module, including:

[0006] case;

[0007] At least two battery cells are disposed within the housing, and the at least two battery cells are arranged along a first direction;

[0008] A magnetic component is disposed within the housing and located at at least one end of the at least two cells opposite each other along the first direction. The magnetic component includes a first magnetic element and a second magnetic element arranged along the first direction. The first magnetic element and the second magnetic element repel each other at their opposite ends, and at least one of them is an electromagnet for connection to a control device.

[0009] In some possible implementations, along the first direction, at least one of the magnetic components is respectively disposed at opposite ends of the at least two cells.

[0010] In some possible implementations, the first magnetic element is an electromagnet, and the first magnetic element includes:

[0011] First magnetic core;

[0012] A first winding surrounds the first magnetic core and is also connected to the control device.

[0013] In some possible implementations, the first magnetic element further includes:

[0014] A first substrate has a first groove on its surface facing the second magnetic component. The first groove contains the first magnetic core and the first winding, and the first magnetic core is spaced apart from the sidewall of the first groove.

[0015] In some possible implementations, the first magnetic element further includes:

[0016] A first cover plate is disposed at one end of the first substrate facing the second magnetic element, and at least covers the first groove.

[0017] In some possible implementations, the second magnetic element is a permanent magnet.

[0018] In some possible implementations, the second magnetic element is an electromagnet, and the second magnetic element includes:

[0019] Second magnetic core;

[0020] A second winding surrounds the second magnetic core and is also connected to the control device.

[0021] In some possible implementations, the second magnetic element further includes:

[0022] The second substrate has a second groove on its surface facing the first magnetic component. The second groove contains the second magnetic core and the second winding, and the second magnetic core is spaced apart from the sidewall of the second groove.

[0023] In some possible implementations, the second magnetic element further includes:

[0024] A second cover plate is disposed at one end of the second substrate facing the first magnetic element, and at least covers the second groove.

[0025] In some possible implementations, the battery module further includes:

[0026] A pressure detector is disposed between the magnetic component and the battery cell and connected to the control device, which adjusts the restraint force applied to the battery cell by the magnetic component based on the pressure detected by the pressure detector.

[0027] In some possible implementations, the battery module further includes:

[0028] A gap detector is disposed between the first magnetic component and the second magnetic component and is connected to the control device. The control device adjusts the restraint force applied to the battery cell by the magnetic component based on the gap detected by the gap detector.

[0029] In some possible implementations, the housing includes:

[0030] First pull plate;

[0031] The second pull plate is arranged opposite to the first pull plate along the first direction;

[0032] The third pull plate connects one end of the first pull plate and one end of the second pull plate;

[0033] The fourth pull plate connects the other end of the first pull plate and the other end of the second pull plate.

[0034] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a battery pack, including: a housing, and a battery module disposed within the housing as described above.

[0035] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide an electrical device including the battery pack described above.

[0036] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a method for adjusting the cell restraint force, applied to the battery module described above, the adjustment method comprising:

[0037] Obtain the pressure between the battery cell and the magnetic assembly, or the gap between the first magnetic component and the second magnetic component of the magnetic assembly;

[0038] Adjust the restraint force applied to the battery cell by the magnetic component according to the pressure or the gap, so as to adjust the pressure or the gap to the target value.

[0039] The battery module, battery pack, electrical device, and cell restraint force adjustment method provided in this application embodiment utilize a magnetic component disposed at at least one end of at least two cells arranged in opposite directions. The magnetic component includes a first magnetic element and a second magnetic element arranged along a first direction, with their ends repelling each other. At least one of the magnetic elements is an electromagnet used for connection to a control device. The magnetic component can be used to push the cells, applying a restraint force. The control device can adjust the current flowing through the electromagnet to control the repulsive force of the magnetic component, thereby adjusting the magnitude of the restraint force applied to the cells and achieving real-time adjustment of the restraint force to match the degree of cell expansion. Attached Figure Description

[0040] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0041] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the battery pack provided in this application;

[0042] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the battery module provided in this application;

[0043] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of the first type of battery module provided in this application;

[0044] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the second type of battery module provided in this application;

[0045] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the third type of battery module provided in this application;

[0046] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the fourth type of battery module provided in this application;

[0047] Figure 7 A cross-sectional view of the fifth type of battery module provided in this application;

[0048] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the first magnetic element provided for this application;

[0049] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the second magnetic element provided in this application;

[0050] Figure 10 The flowchart for constant pressure regulation provided in this application;

[0051] Figure 11 A flowchart for constant dimension adjustment provided in this application.

[0052] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0053] 1-Battery pack;

[0054] 10-Box;

[0055] 20-Battery Module;

[0056] 21-cell;

[0057] 22-Shell;

[0058] 23-First pull plate;

[0059] 24 - Second pull plate;

[0060] 25 - Third pull plate;

[0061] 26 - Fourth pull plate;

[0062] 27-Supporting profile;

[0063] 30 - Magnetic components;

[0064] 31-First magnetic component;

[0065] 32-Second magnetic component;

[0066] 41-First matrix;

[0067] 42 - First magnetic core;

[0068] 43 - First winding;

[0069] 44 - First cover plate;

[0070] 45-Second matrix;

[0071] 46 - Second magnetic core;

[0072] 47 - Second winding;

[0073] 48 - Second cover plate;

[0074] 50 - Pressure detector;

[0075] 60- Gap detector;

[0076] 70 - Conductor. Detailed Implementation

[0077] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0078] During operation, battery modules generate large expansion forces at the MPa level, requiring a restraint structure to provide restraint and ensure the performance of the battery module. Existing restraint structures include two opposing pull plates (e.g., an upper pull plate and a lower pull plate) and an end plate connecting the two pull plates. The end plate typically includes a steel sleeve and extruded aluminum material disposed within the steel sleeve.

[0079] However, the aforementioned restraint structure can only provide a static restraint force and cannot provide a variable restraint force that changes with the expansion or temperature of the battery cell. In other words, it cannot achieve real-time adjustment of the restraint force and is difficult to provide a restraint force that matches the degree of expansion and deformation. If a mechanical structure such as a motor is used to achieve an adjustable restraint force, it often requires a large amount of space.

[0080] In the battery module provided in this application, at least one end of at least two battery cells arranged along their opposite ends is provided with an electromagnetic component. The electromagnetic component includes a first magnetic element and a second magnetic element arranged opposite each other. The ends of the first magnetic element and the second magnetic element facing each other repel each other, and at least one of them is an electromagnet. By adjusting the current flowing through the electromagnet, the repulsive force of the magnetic component can be controlled, thereby adjusting the magnitude of the restraining force applied to the battery cell, realizing real-time adjustment of the restraining force to match the degree of expansion of the battery cell.

[0081] The technical solution of this application and how the technical solution of this application solves the above-mentioned technical problems are described in detail below with specific embodiments. These specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described again in some embodiments. The embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0082] This application provides an electrical device, which may include, for example, electric vehicles, electric trains, electric bicycles, electric toys, power tools, golf carts, ships, mobile phones, ultra-mobile personal computers (UMPCs), portable devices, virtual reality (VR) devices, and augmented reality (AR) devices. Among these, electric vehicles include pure electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, or range-extended electric vehicles.

[0083] The aforementioned electrical equipment includes a battery pack 1, which provides energy to the equipment. The battery pack 1 can be a lithium-ion battery pack, etc. (See also...) Figures 1 to 11 The battery pack 1 includes a housing 10 and battery modules 20 disposed within the housing 10. The housing 10 serves as the main load-bearing component of the battery pack 1, supporting the battery modules 20 or other structures.

[0084] The housing 10 includes a main body, which includes a bottom plate and side plates. The side plates are connected to the outer periphery of the bottom plate, and the side plates and the bottom plate enclose a cavity for housing the battery module 20. The side plates are annular to ensure that the side plates and the bottom plate can form the cavity. For example, the bottom plate may be rectangular, and the side plates may have a rectangular cross-section, resulting in a rectangular cavity with a regular shape, facilitating the installation and removal of the battery module 20.

[0085] In some possible examples, the housing 10 also includes a top cover disposed at the end of the side panel away from the bottom panel, i.e., the top cover is positioned opposite the bottom panel. The top cover is fastened to the side panel to seal the receiving cavity. The housing 10 may also include structures such as partitions provided as needed, for example, partitions connected to the bottom panel, to divide the receiving cavity into multiple chambers.

[0086] like Figure 1 As shown, one, two, or more battery modules 20 can be provided as needed. When at least two battery modules 20 are provided, the at least two battery modules 20 can be arranged side by side, for example, at least two battery modules 20 can be arranged along the width direction of the housing 10.

[0087] See Figure 2 The battery module 20 includes a housing 22, at least two battery cells 21, and a magnetic assembly 30. The at least two battery cells 21 and the magnetic assembly 30 are all disposed within the housing 22. The housing 22 provides support, the magnetic assembly 30 provides adjustable restraint force, and the battery cells 21 provide energy. There are two or more battery cells 21, and at least two battery cells 21 can be connected in parallel, series, or mixed, depending on the requirements.

[0088] In this configuration, at least two battery cells 21 are arranged along a first direction, such as the thickness direction of the battery cell 21. The side of the battery cell 21 contacts the base plate. Figure 2 As shown in the X direction. This results in a larger surface area of ​​the cells 21 facing each other, reducing the overall space occupied by these cells 21 and increasing the energy density of the battery module 20. For example, the cell 21 is generally rectangular, such as a blade cell. At least one of the opposite sides of the cell 21 is provided with a tab, i.e., the cell 21 has side-mounted tabs; for example, tabs are provided on both opposite sides of the cell 21. These opposite sides can be the two opposite sides of the cell 21 along its length.

[0089] It is understood that at least two cells 21 can form at least one cell stack, with the cells 21 within the same cell stack arranged sequentially and bonded together. In some possible examples, such as... Figure 3 As shown, at least two cells 21 form a cell stack, that is, a cell stack is disposed within the housing 22. In some other possible examples, such as Figure 2 As shown, at least two cells 21 form two or more cell stacks, that is, at least two cell stacks are provided inside the housing 22, and a support profile 27 is provided between adjacent cell stacks to prevent the cell stacks from becoming unstable.

[0090] Continue reading Figure 2 The housing 22 includes a first pull plate 23, a second pull plate 24, a third pull plate 25, and a fourth pull plate 26. The first pull plate 23 and the second pull plate 24 are arranged opposite each other along a first direction. The third pull plate 25 connects one end of the first pull plate 23 and one end of the second pull plate 24, and the fourth pull plate 26 connects the other end of the first pull plate 23 and the other end of the second pull plate 24. In this way, the housing 22 has openings on both sides, which facilitates the installation of the battery cell 21 and the magnetic assembly 30, and also reduces the total weight of the battery module 20.

[0091] The first pull plate 23 and the second pull plate 24 are arranged opposite each other along the thickness direction of the battery cell 21, while the third pull plate 25 and the fourth pull plate 26 are arranged along the width direction of the battery cell 21 to avoid the tabs of the battery cell 21. The first pull plate 23, the third pull plate 25, the second pull plate 24, and the fourth pull plate 26 are connected end to end in sequence, forming an integral structure, which facilitates the manufacture of the housing 22. The first pull plate 23, the second pull plate 24, the third pull plate 25, and the fourth pull plate 26 are all, for example, flat plates, and their material can be metal, such as steel.

[0092] See Figures 2 to 6 The magnetic component 30 is located at at least one end of at least two cells 21 that are opposite each other along the first direction. The magnetic component 30 includes a first magnetic element 31 and a second magnetic element 32 arranged along the first direction. The ends of the first magnetic element 31 and the second magnetic element 32 facing each other repel each other, and at least one of them is an electromagnet for connecting to a control device.

[0093] The magnetic component 30 can drive the battery cell 21 to apply a restraining force to the battery cell 21. The electromagnet in the magnetic component 30 is connected to a control device, for example, through a wire 70. The control device can adjust the current flowing through the electromagnet to control the repulsive force of the magnetic component 30, thereby adjusting the magnitude of the restraining force applied to the battery cell 21 and realizing real-time adjustment of the restraining force to match the degree of expansion of the battery cell 21.

[0094] In this configuration, at least one end of each of the at least two battery cells 21 is provided with a magnetic component 30 along the first direction. The direction of the magnetic component 30 relative to the battery cell 21 is consistent with the arrangement direction of the battery cells 21, that is, the magnetic component 30 and the at least two battery cells 21 are both arranged along the first direction, and the magnetic component 30 is located on the outer side. In this way, the magnetic component 30 can apply a restraining force along the arrangement direction of the at least two battery cells 21, and the restraining force can be transmitted to each battery cell 21.

[0095] It is understood that at least two battery cells 21 form one or more battery cell stacks, and the magnetic component 30 is specifically disposed at one or both ends of the battery cell stack, and is aligned with the arrangement direction of the battery cells 21. For example, at least two battery cells 21 form a battery cell stack, and the magnetic component 30 is disposed at one or both ends of the battery cell stack. In this case, the magnetic component 30 is located between the battery cell 21 and the housing 22, and abuts against both the battery cell 21 and the housing 22 to apply a restraining force to the battery cell 21. For example, the magnetic component 30 abuts against the surfaces of the battery cell 21 and the housing 22 that face each other. The surface of the battery cell 21 facing the housing 22 can be the surface with the largest area of ​​the battery cell 21 to increase the contact area with the magnetic component 30, thereby improving the uniformity of the force.

[0096] It is also understood that at least two battery cells 21 form two battery cell stacks, and the magnetic component 30 can be disposed at one or both ends of each battery cell stack, and aligned with the arrangement direction of the battery cells 21. When the magnetic component 30 is disposed at the end of the battery cell stack away from the housing 22 along the first direction, the magnetic component 30 abuts against both the battery cell 21 and the supporting profile 27 to apply a restraining force to the battery cell 21. When the magnetic component 30 is disposed at the end of the battery cell stack close to the housing 22 along the first direction, the magnetic component 30 abuts against both the battery cell 21 and the housing 22 to apply a restraining force to the battery cell 21.

[0097] In some possible implementations, along the first direction, at least one end of each of the opposing ends of two battery cells 21 is provided with a magnetic component 30. One or more magnetic components 30 may be provided, and all magnetic components 30 are located at the same end of the battery cells 21 to facilitate external connection of the magnetic components 30. For example... Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, a magnetic component 30 is provided at one end of at least two opposing battery cells 21. When multiple magnetic components 30 are provided at one end of at least two battery cells 21, these magnetic components 30 can be arranged along a first direction and abut against each other in sequence, thereby increasing the restraining force applied to the battery cells 21.

[0098] In other possible embodiments, at least two battery cells 21 are respectively provided with at least one magnetic component 30 at their opposite ends along the first direction. Each end of these battery cells 21 is provided with at least one magnetic component 30, and the two ends are arranged opposite each other along the first direction. In this way, the restraining force can be applied to both sides along the arrangement direction of the at least two battery cells 21, and the magnitude of the restraining force on each side is adjustable, making the force on the battery cells 21 more flexible and uniform. Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, at least two battery cells 21 are respectively provided with a magnetic component 30 at their opposite ends.

[0099] In this magnetic assembly 30, the first magnetic element 31 and the second magnetic element 32 are arranged along a first direction and are positioned opposite each other, for example, facing each other. One of the first magnetic element 31 and the second magnetic element 32 abuts against the housing 22, and the other abuts against the battery cell 21. For example, the first magnetic element 31 abuts against the housing 22 (e.g., by welding), and the second magnetic element 32 abuts against the battery cell 21. The ends of the first magnetic element 31 and the second magnetic element 32 facing each other repel each other, so that the one of the first magnetic element 31 and the second magnetic element 32 adjacent to the battery cell 21 pushes the battery cell 21 to achieve restraint of the battery cell 21.

[0100] At least one of the first magnetic element 31 and the second magnetic element 32 is an electromagnet, which is used to connect to a control device. The control device is, for example, a battery management system or a separately configured controller. In this way, the control device can control the current flowing through the electromagnet, thereby controlling the magnitude and polarity of the magnetic field generated by the electromagnet, and further controlling the restraining force applied to the battery cell 21, thereby adjusting the restraining force to make it compatible with the battery cell 21.

[0101] In some possible implementations, one of the first magnetic element 31 and the second magnetic element 32 is an electromagnet, and the other is a permanent magnet; that is, only the magnetic field of one of the first magnetic element 31 and the second magnetic element 32 can be adjusted. For example,... Figure 4 As shown, the first magnetic element 31 is an electromagnet, and the second magnetic element 32 is a permanent magnet, such as a magnet. In some other possible embodiments, such as Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, both the first magnetic component 31 and the second magnetic component 32 are electromagnets, meaning that the magnetic fields of both the first magnetic component 31 and the second magnetic component 32 can be adjusted.

[0102] In other possible implementations, such as Figure 6 As shown, in at least two magnetic components 30, in some magnetic components 30, one of the first magnetic element 31 and the second magnetic element 32 is an electromagnet, and the other is a permanent magnet. In other magnetic components 30, both the first magnetic element 31 and the second magnetic element 32 are permanent magnets.

[0103] The following explanation uses the example of the first magnetic component 31 and the second magnetic component 32 being both electromagnets to illustrate the principle of the magnetic component 30 providing restraint force.

[0104] See Figure 7 When the first magnetic component 31 and the second magnetic component 32 are energized, they will generate magnetic fields at their two ends, such as... Figure 7 As shown, on the left side of the battery cell 21, the electromagnet farther from the battery cell 21 is, for example, the first magnetic element 31. When this electromagnet is energized, its magnetic field direction is the left side (S pole) and the right side (N pole). The electromagnet closer to the battery cell 21 is, for example, the second magnetic element 32. When this electromagnet is energized, its magnetic field direction is the left side (N pole) and the right side (S pole). According to the principle of like poles repulsion, the battery cell 21 is restrained by electromagnetic force, that is, the repulsive force between the first magnetic element 31 and the second magnetic element 32 provides restraint for the battery cell 21. The magnetic field strength of the first magnetic element 31 and the second magnetic element 32 can be adjusted by changing the current magnitude and their own structure. The magnetic field polarity of the first magnetic element 31 and the second magnetic element 32 can be adjusted by changing the current direction.

[0105] See Figure 8The first magnetic element 31 is an electromagnet, comprising a first magnetic core 42 and a first winding 43. The first winding 43 surrounds the first magnetic core 42 and is also connected to a control device. The first magnetic core 42 is made of soft iron or silicon steel. The first winding 43 is, for example, a coil, which can be made of copper or aluminum enameled wire. The coil is wound around the first magnetic core 42 and connected to the control device, which allows adjustment of the magnitude and direction of the current within the coil. The first winding 43 can also employ other structures, which are not limited in this embodiment.

[0106] In some possible embodiments, the first magnetic element 31 further includes a first substrate 41, the surface of which facing the second magnetic element 32 has a first groove. A first magnetic core 42 and a first winding 43 are disposed within the first groove. The first magnetic core 42 is also spaced apart from the sidewall of the first groove, meaning the first magnetic core 42 does not contact the sidewall of the first groove. It is understood that the first magnetic core 42 occupies a portion of the first groove, with at least a remaining portion of the first groove surrounding the first magnetic core 42. The surface of the first magnetic core 42 facing the second magnetic element 32 may be flush with the surface of the first substrate 41 facing the second magnetic element 32.

[0107] The first substrate 41 can be rectangular to increase the contact area with the housing 22 / cell 21 and facilitate manufacturing and installation. The material of the first substrate 41 can be, for example, pure iron, soft iron, silicon steel, or plastic. The first groove can be rectangular, with its bottom located inside the first substrate 41, meaning the first groove does not penetrate the first substrate 41. The opening of the first groove faces the second magnetic element 32.

[0108] In some possible examples, the first magnetic core 42 and the first substrate 41 are an integral structure. This simplifies the formation of the first magnetic core 42 by creating an annular groove on the surface of the rectangular substrate, with the portion surrounding the groove forming the first magnetic core 42 and the remaining portion forming the first substrate 41. In other examples, the first magnetic core 42 and the first substrate 41 are separate structures, fabricated separately and then fixedly connected, thereby reducing the overall weight and cost of the first electromagnet.

[0109] Continue reading Figure 8 The first magnetic element 31 also includes a first cover plate 44, which is disposed at the end of the first substrate 41 facing the second magnetic element 32 and at least covers the first groove. The first cover plate 44 seals the first groove, specifically sealing the first winding 43, to prevent the first winding 43 from coming out of the first groove. The first cover plate 44 can be detachably connected to the first substrate 41, and the first cover plate 44 is, for example, a flat plate.

[0110] In some possible examples, the first cover plate 44 is an annular plate, opposite to the first winding 43. For example, the first cover plate 44 covers the first groove between the first magnetic core 42 and the first substrate 41, exposing at least part of the first magnetic core 42. In other possible examples, the first cover plate 44 is a rectangular plate, opposite to the first winding 43 and the first magnetic core 42. For example, the first cover plate 44 covers the entire first groove.

[0111] See Figure 4 The second magnetic component 32 is a permanent magnet to simplify the structure of the magnetic assembly 30. (See also...) Figure 9 The second magnetic element 32 can also be an electromagnet, comprising a second magnetic core 46 and a second winding 47. The second winding 47 surrounds the second magnetic core 46 and is also connected to a control device. The material of the second magnetic core 46 may include soft iron or silicon steel. The second winding 47 is, for example, a coil, which may be made of copper or aluminum enameled wire. The coil is wound around the second magnetic core 46 and connected to the control device, which allows adjustment of the magnitude and direction of the current within the coil. The second winding 47 may also employ other structures, which are not limited in this embodiment.

[0112] In some possible embodiments, a second groove is formed on the surface of the second substrate 45 facing the first magnetic element 31. A second magnetic core 46 and a second winding 47 are disposed within the second groove. The second magnetic core 46 is also spaced apart from the sidewall of the second groove, meaning that the second magnetic core 46 does not contact the sidewall of the second groove. It is understood that the second magnetic core 46 occupies a portion of the second groove, with at least a remaining portion of the second groove surrounding the first magnetic core 42. The surface of the second magnetic core 46 facing the first magnetic element 31 may be flush with the surface of the second substrate 45 facing the first magnetic element 31.

[0113] The second substrate 45 can be rectangular to increase the contact area with the housing 22 / cell 21 and facilitate manufacturing and installation. The material of the second substrate 45 can be, for example, pure iron, soft iron, silicon steel, or plastic. The second groove can be rectangular, with its bottom located within the second substrate 45, meaning it does not penetrate the second substrate 45. The opening of the second groove faces the first magnetic element 31.

[0114] In some possible examples, the second magnetic core 46 and the second substrate 45 are an integral structure. This simplifies the formation of the second magnetic core 46 by creating an annular groove on the surface of the rectangular substrate, with the portion surrounding the groove forming the second magnetic core 46 and the remaining portion forming the second substrate 45. In other examples, the second magnetic core 46 and the second substrate 45 are separate structures, fabricated separately and then fixedly connected, thereby reducing the overall weight and cost of the second electromagnet.

[0115] Continue reading Figure 9 The second magnetic element 32 also includes a second cover plate 48, which is disposed at the end of the second substrate 45 facing the first magnetic element 31 and at least covers the second groove. The second cover plate 48 seals the second groove, specifically sealing the second winding 47, to prevent the second winding 47 from coming out of the second groove. The second cover plate 48 can be detachably connected to the second substrate 45, and the second cover plate 48 is, for example, a flat plate.

[0116] In some possible examples, the second cover plate 48 is an annular plate, opposite to the second winding 47. For example, the second cover plate 48 covers the second groove between the second magnetic core 46 and the second substrate 45, exposing at least part of the second magnetic core 46. In other possible examples, the second cover plate 48 is a rectangular plate, opposite to the second winding 47 and the second magnetic core 46. For example, the second cover plate 48 covers the entire second groove.

[0117] It is understood that the second substrate 45, the second magnetic core 46, the second winding 47, and the second cover plate 48 can be referenced to the first substrate 41, the first magnetic core 42, the first winding 43, and the first cover plate 44, respectively. The second substrate 45 and the first substrate 41 can be the same or different; the second magnetic core 46 and the first magnetic core 42 can be the same or different; the second winding 47 and the first winding 43 can be the same or different; and the second cover plate 48 and the first cover plate 44 can be the same or different.

[0118] In some possible implementations, see [reference] Figure 7 The battery module 20 also includes a pressure detector 50, which is disposed between the magnetic component 30 and the battery cell 21 and connected to a control device. The control device adjusts the restraining force applied to the battery cell 21 by the magnetic component 30 according to the pressure detected by the pressure detector 50. In this way, constant force regulation of the battery module 20 can be achieved, that is, the restraining force on the battery cell 21 can be kept constant.

[0119] The pressure detector 50 can be disposed at one or both ends of the battery cell 21, and the pressure detector 50 is, for example, a pressure sensor. For example, along the arrangement direction of the battery cells 21, magnetic components 30 are respectively disposed at opposite ends of the battery cells 21, and a pressure detector 50 can be disposed between the battery cell 21 and the adjacent magnetic component 30. Figure 7 As shown, a magnetic component 30 is provided on the left and right sides of the battery cell 21, and a pressure detector 50 is provided between each magnetic component 30 and the battery cell 21 to improve the accuracy of regulation.

[0120] As another example, along the arrangement direction of the battery cells 21, magnetic components 30 are respectively provided at opposite ends of the battery cells 21, and a pressure detector 50 is provided between the battery cells 21 and an adjacent magnetic component 30. A magnetic component 30 is provided on the left and right sides of the battery cells 21, and a pressure detector 50 is provided between one of the magnetic components 30 and the battery cells 21.

[0121] The specific process of constant force adjustment for battery module 20 is as follows:

[0122] The pressure detector 50 monitors the restraining force applied to the battery cell 21 by the magnetic component 30. After processing by the control device, the magnitude of the current input to the electromagnet is adjusted to control and compensate for the magnitude of the electromagnetic force of the magnetic component 30. The pressure detector 50 provides continuous feedback to achieve real-time dynamic adjustment of the force, ultimately ensuring that the restraining force of the battery cell 21 remains constant, that is, the restraining force remains unchanged at the target value.

[0123] See Figure 10 The restraint force target value F0, and the pressure detector 50 obtains the detection value F. 测 The control device uses the target value F0 and the detected value F 测 The compensation value F1 is determined, and the current is adjusted according to F1. When F1 > 0, the current input to the electromagnet increases, resulting in an increase in electromagnetic force and consequently, an increase in the restraint force on cell 21. When F1 ≤ 0, the current input to the electromagnet decreases, resulting in a decrease in electromagnetic force and consequently, a decrease in the restraint force on cell 21. The pressure detector 50 is subjected to compression and continuously feeds back the detection value F. 测 This allows for dynamic adjustment of the restraint force, maintaining or approaching the target value F0.

[0124] In some possible implementations, see [reference] Figure 7 The battery module 20 also includes a gap detector 60, which is disposed between the first magnetic component 31 and the second magnetic component 32 and connected to a control device. The control device adjusts the restraining force applied to the cell 21 by the magnetic component 30 according to the gap detected by the gap detector 60. In this way, constant dimensional adjustment of the battery module 20 can be achieved, that is, the size of the cell 21 module remains unchanged.

[0125] The gap detector 60 can be disposed at one or both ends of the battery cell 21, and the gap detector 60 is, for example, a gap sensor. For example, along the arrangement direction of the battery cells 21, magnetic components 30 are respectively disposed at opposite ends of the battery cells 21, and a gap detector 60 can be disposed between the battery cell 21 and the adjacent magnetic component 30. A magnetic component 30 is disposed on each of the left and right sides of the battery cell 21, and a gap detector 60 is disposed between one of the magnetic components 30 and the battery cell 21 to improve the accuracy of control.

[0126] As another example, along the arrangement direction of the battery cells 21, magnetic components 30 are respectively provided at opposite ends of the battery cells 21, and a gap detector 60 is provided between the battery cells 21 and an adjacent magnetic component 30. Figure 7 As shown, a magnetic component 30 is provided on the left and right sides of the battery cell 21, and a gap detector 60 is provided between one of the magnetic components 30 and the battery cell 21.

[0127] The specific process of constant dimension adjustment of battery module 20 is as follows:

[0128] After the battery cell 21 expands, the gap between the first magnetic component 31 and the second magnetic component 32 changes. The gap detector 60 monitors the gap or its change between the first magnetic component 31 and the second magnetic component 32. The control device processes this information and adjusts the current input to the electromagnet to control and compensate for the electromagnetic force of the magnetic component 30. As the gap changes, the gap detector 60 provides continuous feedback, enabling real-time dynamic adjustment of the force, ultimately ensuring that the dimensions of the battery cell 21 module remain constant, i.e., the gap remains at the target value.

[0129] See Figure 11 The initial restraint force corresponds to the gap value δ0, and the gap detector 60 obtains the detection value δ. 测 The control device uses the target value δ0 and the detected value δ 测 The compensation value δ1 is determined, and the current is adjusted according to the compensation value δ1. The gap detector 60 continuously feeds back the detected value δ. 测 This enables dynamic adjustment of the restraint force, allowing the detected value δ to be adjusted accordingly. 测 Maintain or approach the target value δ0.

[0130] The battery module 20 provided in this application embodiment includes a housing 22, and at least two battery cells 21 and a magnetic assembly 30 disposed within the housing 22. The at least two battery cells 21 are arranged along a first direction. The magnetic assembly 30 is located at at least one end of the at least two battery cells 21 opposite each other along the first direction. The magnetic assembly 30 includes a first magnetic element 31 and a second magnetic element 32 arranged along the first direction. The ends of the first magnetic element 31 and the second magnetic element 32 facing each other repel each other, and at least one of them is an electromagnet used to connect to a control device. The magnetic assembly 30 can be used to push the battery cells 21 to apply a restraining force to the battery cells 21. The control device can adjust the current flowing through the electromagnet to control the repulsive force of the magnetic assembly 30, thereby adjusting the magnitude of the restraining force applied to the battery cells 21, realizing real-time adjustment of the restraining force to match the expansion degree of the battery cells 21.

[0131] This application embodiment also provides a cell restraint force adjustment method, applied to the battery module 20 mentioned above (see...). Figures 1 to 9The adjustment method includes: obtaining the pressure between the battery cell 21 and the magnetic component 30, or the gap between the first magnetic element 31 and the second magnetic element 32 of the magnetic component 30; adjusting the restraining force applied by the magnetic component 30 to the battery cell 21 according to the pressure or gap, so that the pressure or gap is a target value.

[0132] The battery cell 21 has at least two cells arranged along a first direction, such as the thickness direction of the cell 21. A magnetic assembly 30 is located at at least one end of the at least two cells 21 located opposite each other along the first direction. The magnetic assembly 30 includes a first magnetic element 31 and a second magnetic element 32 arranged along the first direction. The ends of the first magnetic element 31 and the second magnetic element 32 facing each other repel each other, and at least one of them is an electromagnet used for connection to a control device.

[0133] Along the first direction, at least two battery cells 21 have a magnetic component 30 at one of their opposite ends. One or more magnetic components 30 may be provided, and all magnetic components 30 are located at the same end of the battery cells 21 to facilitate external connection of the magnetic components 30. When multiple magnetic components 30 are provided at one end of at least two battery cells 21, these magnetic components 30 can be arranged along the first direction and sequentially abut against each other, thereby increasing the restraining force applied to the battery cells 21.

[0134] In other possible examples, at least two battery cells 21 are provided with at least one magnetic component 30 at each opposite end along the first direction. Each end of these battery cells 21 is provided with at least one magnetic component 30, and the two ends are positioned opposite each other along the first direction. In this way, the restraining force can be applied to both sides along the arrangement direction of the at least two battery cells 21, and the magnitude of the restraining force on each side is adjustable, making the force on the battery cells 21 more flexible and uniform.

[0135] In this magnetic assembly 30, the first magnetic element 31 and the second magnetic element 32 are arranged along a first direction and are positioned opposite each other, for example, facing each other. One of the first magnetic element 31 and the second magnetic element 32 abuts against the housing 22, and the other abuts against the battery cell 21. For example, the first magnetic element 31 abuts against the housing 22, and the second magnetic element 32 abuts against the battery cell 21. The ends of the first magnetic element 31 and the second magnetic element 32 facing each other repel each other, so that the one of the first magnetic element 31 and the second magnetic element 32 adjacent to the battery cell 21 pushes the battery cell 21, thereby restraining the battery cell 21.

[0136] At least one of the first magnetic element 31 and the second magnetic element 32 is an electromagnet, which is used to connect to a control device. The control device is, for example, a battery management system or a separately configured controller. In this way, the control device can control the current flowing through the electromagnet, thereby controlling the magnitude and polarity of the magnetic field generated by the electromagnet, and further controlling the restraining force applied to the battery cell 21, thereby adjusting the restraining force to make it compatible with the battery cell 21.

[0137] In some possible implementations, one of the first magnetic element 31 and the second magnetic element 32 is an electromagnet, and the other is a permanent magnet; that is, the magnetic field of only one of the first magnetic element 31 and the second magnetic element 32 can be adjusted. For example, the first magnetic element 31 is an electromagnet, and the second magnetic element 32 is a permanent magnet, such as a magnet. In other possible implementations, both the first magnetic element 31 and the second magnetic element 32 are electromagnets; that is, the magnetic fields of both the first magnetic element 31 and the second magnetic element 32 can be adjusted. The specific structures of the first magnetic element 31 and the second magnetic element 32 can be referred to the above description and will not be repeated here.

[0138] The following explanation uses the example of the first magnetic component 31 and the second magnetic component 32 being both electromagnets to illustrate the principle of the magnetic component 30 providing restraint force.

[0139] When the first magnetic component 31 and the second magnetic component 32 are energized, they will generate magnetic fields at their two ends, such as Figure 7 As shown, on the left side of the battery cell 21, the electromagnet farther from the battery cell 21 is, for example, the first magnetic element 31. When this electromagnet is energized, its magnetic field direction is the left side (S pole) and the right side (N pole). The electromagnet closer to the battery cell 21 is, for example, the second magnetic element 32. When this electromagnet is energized, its magnetic field direction is the left side (N pole) and the right side (S pole). According to the principle of like poles repulsion, the battery cell 21 is restrained by electromagnetic force, that is, the repulsive force between the first magnetic element 31 and the second magnetic element 32 provides restraint for the battery cell 21. The magnetic field strength of the first magnetic element 31 and the second magnetic element 32 can be adjusted by changing the current magnitude and their own structure. The magnetic field polarity of the first magnetic element 31 and the second magnetic element 32 can be adjusted by changing the current direction.

[0140] In some possible implementations, a pressure detector 50 is provided between the magnetic component 30 and the battery cell 21. The pressure detector 50 is connected to a control device, and the control device adjusts the restraining force applied by the magnetic component 30 to the battery cell 21 based on the pressure detected by the pressure detector 50. In this way, constant force regulation of the battery module 20 can be achieved, that is, ensuring that the restraining force on the battery cell 21 is constant.

[0141] The pressure detector 50 can be disposed at one or both ends of the battery cell 21, and the pressure detector 50 is, for example, a pressure sensor. For example, along the arrangement direction of the battery cells 21, magnetic components 30 are respectively disposed at opposite ends of the battery cells 21, and a pressure detector 50 can be disposed between the battery cell 21 and the adjacent magnetic component 30. Figure 7 As shown, a magnetic component 30 is provided on the left and right sides of the battery cell 21, and a pressure detector 50 is provided between each magnetic component 30 and the battery cell 21 to improve the accuracy of regulation.

[0142] As another example, along the arrangement direction of the battery cells 21, magnetic components 30 are respectively provided at opposite ends of the battery cells 21, and a pressure detector 50 is provided between the battery cells 21 and an adjacent magnetic component 30. A magnetic component 30 is provided on the left and right sides of the battery cells 21, and a pressure detector 50 is provided between one of the magnetic components 30 and the battery cells 21.

[0143] The specific method for adjusting the cell restraint force is as follows: The pressure between the cell 21 and the magnetic component 30 is obtained; the restraint force applied by the magnetic component 30 to the cell 21 is adjusted according to the pressure to achieve the target pressure value. Specifically, the pressure detector 50 monitors the restraint force applied by the magnetic component 30 to the cell 21. This monitoring is processed by the control device, which adjusts the current input to the electromagnet to control and compensate for the electromagnetic force of the magnetic component 30. The pressure detector 50 provides continuous feedback, enabling real-time dynamic adjustment of the force, ultimately ensuring that the restraint force of the cell 21 remains constant, i.e., the restraint force maintains the target value.

[0144] like Figure 10 As shown, the restraint force target value F0, and the pressure detector 50 obtains the detected value F. 测 The control device uses the target value F0 and the detected value F 测 The compensation value F1 is determined, and the current is adjusted accordingly. When the compensation value F1 > 0, the current input to the electromagnet increases, resulting in an increase in the electromagnetic force and consequently, an increase in the restraint force on the cell 21. When the compensation value F1 ≤ 0, the current input to the electromagnet decreases, resulting in a decrease in the electromagnetic force and consequently, a decrease in the restraint force on the cell 21. The pressure detector 50 is compressed, continuously feeding back the detection value F. 测 This allows for dynamic adjustment of the restraint force, maintaining or approaching the target value F0.

[0145] In some other possible embodiments, a gap detector 60 is provided between the first magnetic component 31 and the second magnetic component 32. The gap detector 60 is connected to a control device, and the control device adjusts the restraining force applied by the magnetic component 30 to the battery cell 21 according to the gap detected by the gap detector 60. In this way, constant size adjustment of the battery module 20 can be achieved, that is, the size of the battery cell 21 module remains unchanged.

[0146] The gap detector 60 can be disposed at one or both ends of the battery cell 21, and the gap detector 60 is, for example, a gap sensor. For example, along the arrangement direction of the battery cells 21, magnetic components 30 are respectively disposed at opposite ends of the battery cells 21, and a gap detector 60 can be disposed between the battery cell 21 and the adjacent magnetic component 30. A magnetic component 30 is disposed on each of the left and right sides of the battery cell 21, and a gap detector 60 is disposed between each magnetic component 30 and the battery cell 21 to improve the accuracy of control.

[0147] As another example, along the arrangement direction of the battery cells 21, magnetic components 30 are respectively provided at opposite ends of the battery cells 21, and a gap detector 60 is provided between the battery cells 21 and an adjacent magnetic component 30. Figure 7 As shown, a magnetic component 30 is provided on the left and right sides of the battery cell 21, and a gap detector 60 is provided between one of the magnetic components 30 and the battery cell 21.

[0148] The specific method for adjusting the cell restraint force is as follows: The gap between the first magnetic element 31 and the second magnetic element 32 of the magnetic assembly 30 is obtained; the restraint force applied to the cell 21 by the magnetic assembly 30 is adjusted according to the gap to achieve the target gap value. Specifically, after the cell 21 expands, the gap between the first magnetic element 31 and the second magnetic element 32 changes, and the gap detector 60 monitors the gap or its change. After processing by the control device, the magnitude of the current input to the electromagnet is adjusted to control the magnitude of the electromagnetic force of the magnetic assembly 30, providing compensation to ensure that the size of the cell 21 module remains constant, i.e., the gap remains at the target value.

[0149] See Figure 11 The initial restraint force corresponds to the target value δ0 in the gap, and the gap detector 60 obtains the detection value δ. 测 The control device uses the target value δ0 and the detected value δ 测 The compensation value δ1 is determined, and the current is adjusted according to the compensation value δ1. When the gap changes, the gap detector 60 continuously feeds back the detection value δ. 测 This enables dynamic adjustment of the restraint force, allowing the detected value δ to be adjusted accordingly. 测 Maintain or approach the target value δ0.

[0150] In the battery cell restraint force adjustment method provided in this application embodiment, the pressure between the battery cell 21 and the magnetic component 30, or the gap between the first magnetic element 31 and the second magnetic element 32 of the magnetic component 30, is obtained. The restraint force applied to the battery cell 21 by the magnetic component 30 is adjusted according to the pressure or gap, so that the pressure or gap is a target value. This allows for real-time adjustment of the restraint force, adapting to the degree of expansion of the battery cell 21.

[0151] Finally, it should be noted that other embodiments of the invention will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This invention is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention that follow the general principles of the invention and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein, and is not limited to the precise structures described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of the invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A battery module, characterized in that, include: Shell (22); At least two battery cells (21) are disposed within the housing (22), and the at least two battery cells (21) are arranged along a first direction; A magnetic component (30) is disposed within the housing (22) and located at at least one end of the at least two cells (21) opposite each other along the first direction. The magnetic component (30) includes a first magnetic element (31) and a second magnetic element (32) arranged along the first direction. The first magnetic element (31) and the second magnetic element (32) repel each other at their respective ends, and at least one of them is an electromagnet used for connection with a control device.

2. The battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along the first direction, at least one magnetic component (30) is respectively provided at each of the two opposite ends of the at least two cells (21).

3. The battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first magnetic element (31) is an electromagnet, and the first magnetic element (31) includes: First magnetic core (42); A first winding (43) surrounds the first magnetic core (42), and the first winding (43) is also connected to the control device.

4. The battery module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first magnetic element (31) further includes: The first substrate (41) has a first groove on its surface facing the second magnetic component (32). The first magnetic core (42) and the first winding (43) are disposed in the first groove, and the first magnetic core (42) is spaced apart from the side wall of the first groove.

5. The battery module according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first magnetic element (31) further includes: A first cover plate (44) is disposed at one end of the first substrate (41) facing the second magnetic element (32) and at least covers the first groove.

6. The battery module according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The second magnetic component (32) is a permanent magnet.

7. The battery module according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The second magnetic element (32) is an electromagnet, and the second magnetic element (32) includes: Second magnetic core (46); The second winding (47) surrounds the second magnetic core (46) and is also connected to the control device.

8. The battery module according to claim 7, characterized in that, The second magnetic element (32) further includes: The second substrate (45) has a second groove on its surface facing the first magnetic component (31). The second magnetic core (46) and the second winding (47) are disposed in the second groove, and the second magnetic core (46) is spaced apart from the side wall of the second groove.

9. The battery module according to claim 8, characterized in that, The second magnetic element (32) further includes: The second cover plate (48) is disposed at one end of the second substrate (45) facing the first magnetic element (31) and at least covers the second groove.

10. The battery module according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The battery module (20) also includes: A pressure detector (50) is disposed between the magnetic component (30) and the battery cell (21) and is connected to the control device, which adjusts the restraint force applied by the magnetic component (30) to the battery cell (21) according to the pressure detected by the pressure detector (50).

11. The battery module according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The battery module (20) also includes: A gap detector (60) is disposed between the first magnetic component (31) and the second magnetic component (32) and is connected to the control device, which adjusts the restraint force applied to the battery cell (21) by the magnetic component (30) according to the gap detected by the gap detector (60).

12. The battery module according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The housing (22) includes: First pull plate (23); The second pull plate (24) is arranged opposite to the first pull plate (23) along the first direction; The third pull plate (25) connects one end of the first pull plate (23) and one end of the second pull plate (24); The fourth pull plate (26) connects the other end of the first pull plate (23) and the other end of the second pull plate (24).

13. A battery pack, characterized in that, include: The housing (10) and the battery module (20) as described in any one of claims 1-12 disposed within the housing (10).

14. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, Includes the battery pack (1) as described in claim 13.

15. A method for adjusting the constraint force of a battery cell, characterized in that, Applied to the battery module (20) according to any one of claims 1-12, the adjustment method includes: The pressure between the battery cell (21) and the magnetic assembly (30), or the gap between the first magnetic element (31) and the second magnetic element (32) of the magnetic assembly (30); The magnetic component (30) applies a restraining force to the cell (21) according to the pressure or the gap, so as to adjust the pressure or the gap to a target value.

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