Ocean buoy microwave compound eye antenna device and communication method capable of resisting wind and wave disturbance

Abstract

The application provides an anti-wind-wave-disturbance microwave compound eye antenna device of a marine buoy and a communication method, and solves the technical problems of poor wind-wave resistance, weak attitude adaptability, easy to be blocked by sea waves, long time delay in multi-antenna optimization, difficult to quickly lock the optimal channel, and poor communication quality of the existing marine buoy. It comprises a buoy body provided with a communication control system, the buoy body is semispherical, the semispherical surface of the buoy body is provided with a first antenna group and a second antenna group comprising a plurality of antenna units and connected with the communication control system, and the first antenna group and the second antenna group are distributed at different latitudes and staggered circumferentially. The application can be widely applied in the technical field of marine monitoring equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of marine monitoring equipment technology, and more specifically, it relates to a microwave compound eye antenna device and communication method for marine buoys that is resistant to wind and wave disturbance. Background Technology

[0002] Ocean buoys are key nodes in marine monitoring networks, responsible for collecting hydrological and meteorological data and transmitting it back to land-based base stations in real time. Due to the complex working conditions of the ocean, the communication antennas on the buoys are constantly exposed to highly disturbed environments, posing a severe challenge to buoy communication.

[0003] Currently, ocean buoys typically use upright whip antennas or dipole antennas for shore-based line-of-sight communication. However, this traditional design has significant drawbacks: First, poor resistance to wind and waves. The slender whip antenna is highly susceptible to plastic deformation or even breakage under high sea states due to wind loads or wave impacts; simultaneously, the protruding antenna structure is easily entangled by floating seaweed and fishing nets, leading to equipment damage. Second, weak attitude adaptability. Buoys experience irregular heave, pitch, and roll under the influence of waves. When the buoy tilts significantly, the main beam of the vertical antenna will point towards the sky or sea surface, causing a sharp drop in land-to-land gain and resulting in communication link interruption. Third, severe wave obstruction and large channel optimization delay for multiple antennas. For larger diameter buoys, when they are in a wave trough or encounter swells, the low-height antenna is easily physically blocked by the rising wave crests or temporarily submerged by seawater, leading to severe signal fading. Even with improved communication by adding antennas, the traditional full-polling scanning strategy is time-consuming and cannot quickly lock onto the best communication channel during the short window of rapid buoy movement.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a new microwave antenna device for marine buoys to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a microwave compound eye antenna device and communication method for marine buoys that are resistant to wind and wave disturbances, so as to solve the technical problems in the prior art that marine buoys have poor wind and wave resistance, weak attitude adaptability, are easily blocked by sea waves, and have large time delays in multi-antenna optimization, making it difficult to quickly lock the optimal channel and resulting in poor communication quality.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, a first aspect of this application provides a marine buoy microwave compound eye antenna device resistant to wind and wave disturbance, comprising: a buoy body with an internal communication control system, the buoy body being hemispherical, and a first antenna group and a second antenna group having a plurality of antenna elements and connected to the communication control system on the hemispherical surface of the buoy body, the first antenna group and the second antenna group being distributed at different latitudes and intersecting circumferentially.

[0007] Preferably, the first antenna group includes multiple antenna elements that are circumferentially evenly distributed near the equatorial plane of the buoy body, used to cover the line-of-sight communication link close to the sea surface with wide beams when the sea state is calm. The second antenna group contains multiple antenna elements evenly distributed circumferentially away from the equatorial plane of the buoy body, used to provide a high-elevation beam that is resistant to wave shielding in rough sea conditions.

[0008] Preferably, the hemispherical surface of the buoy body is provided with an embedded groove corresponding to the first antenna group and the second antenna group, and the antenna units of the first antenna group and the second antenna group are installed in the embedded groove.

[0009] Preferably, the antenna unit includes a microstrip patch antenna and a wave-transparent cover plate. The microstrip patch antenna is installed in an embedded groove, and the outer surface of the microstrip patch antenna is covered with the wave-transparent cover plate. The outer surface of the wave-transparent cover plate is flush with the outer contour surface of the buoy body.

[0010] Preferably, the number of antenna elements in the first antenna group and the second antenna group is equal, and the antenna elements in the first antenna group and the second antenna group are arranged at different latitudes and are staggered at equal intervals along the circumference of the buoy body, so that the first antenna group is located in the middle position between two adjacent antenna elements in the second antenna group.

[0011] Preferably, the first antenna group is located in the region of 25 to 35 degrees above the equatorial plane of the buoy body, and is used to provide a low elevation angle high gain beam close to the sea surface.

[0012] Preferably, a multi-channel radio frequency transceiver module is further provided between the communication control system and the first antenna group and the second antenna group. The concurrent radio frequency front end of the multi-channel radio frequency transceiver module is connected to the antenna elements in the first antenna group and the second antenna group respectively through the coaxial feeder in the communication control system.

[0013] Preferably, the second beam array is located in the region of 50 to 60 degrees above the equatorial plane of the buoy body, and is used to provide a high elevation beam that is resistant to wave obstruction.

[0014] A second aspect of this application provides a communication method for a wave-resistant marine buoy microwave compound eye antenna device, comprising the following steps: Activate the antenna elements in the first antenna group and the second antenna group and perform parallel listening. When the pilot signal is intercepted, perform synchronous parallel signal sampling on all antenna elements to obtain the full array pilot signal quality dataset in the same time domain. Extract the antenna element with the strongest signal from the second antenna group and use it as the preferred high-position antenna; according to the pre-stored spatial mapping table, retrieve the signal quality data of the two antenna elements in the first antenna group that are spatially adjacent to the preferred high-position antenna, and make a comprehensive judgment with the signal quality of the preferred high-position antenna respectively; If the signal quality index of the antenna element in the first antenna group is higher than that of the preferred high-position antenna and the difference is greater than a preset threshold, the communication link is switched to that antenna element in the first antenna group; otherwise, the preferred high-position antenna is used to complete the data interaction.

[0015] Preferably, according to the pre-stored spatial mapping table, the signal quality data of two spatially adjacent antenna elements located to the left and right of the preferred high-position antenna in the first antenna group are retrieved from the full array pilot signal quality data set in the same time domain.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: This application provides a microwave compound eye antenna device and communication method for marine buoys that is resistant to wind and wave disturbances. The device relies on a hemispherical buoy body and constructs a biomimetic compound eye double-layer antenna array by dividing the first antenna group and the second antenna group into different spherical latitudes and arranged circumferentially in a staggered manner, thereby establishing a multi-layered complementary spatial radiation field. When the buoy body experiences significant pitch and roll displacement due to wave disturbances, the main lobe of each antenna element within the buoy body's array always faces the base station, continuously maintaining the communication link and ensuring the continuity of the communication link under high sea states. The embedded conformal antenna elements fit the buoy spherical surface, eliminating the high wind resistance caused by exposed structures and avoiding the risks of breakage by wind and waves or damage from foreign objects. Simultaneously, the second antenna group can continuously establish a communication reference link even when the antenna elements in the first antenna group, which are evenly distributed circumferentially along the equatorial plane (low latitude) close to the buoy body, are momentarily blocked by waves or submerged. The communication method relies on synchronous concurrent sampling of the entire array, combined with the channel optimization logic of baseband two-step digital comparison. All antenna pilot data are collected synchronously in the same time domain, eliminating the overhead of radio frequency multi-channel polling and switching. Based on the preset spatial topology relationship, the data of the corresponding antenna located at the low position of the buoy body is retrieved to complete the selection decision, shortening the channel screening time. It can quickly select the optimal communication antenna within the narrow time window of instantaneous changes in buoy attitude, ensuring that the system can accurately lock the best communication link at the fastest speed in the small gaps of complex sea conditions, thus improving communication quality. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 A front view of a wave-resistant marine buoy microwave compound eye antenna device according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 A top view of a wave-resistant marine buoy microwave compound eye antenna device provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 The following is provided as an embodiment of this application: Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along line AA; Figure 4 Provided for an embodiment of this application Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of the local structure at point B; Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of a wave-resistant marine buoy microwave compound eye antenna device provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 A flowchart of a communication method for resisting wind and wave disturbances provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Buoy body; 2. First antenna group; 3. Second antenna group; 4. Microstrip patch antenna; 5. Wave-transparent cover plate; 6. Antenna element; 7. Main control PCB; 8. Lower layer PCB; 9. Upper layer PCB; 10. Coaxial feed line; 11. Multi-channel RF transceiver module; 12. PCB connection line. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the technical problems, technical solutions, and beneficial effects to be solved by this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0021] This application discloses a wave-resistant ocean buoy microwave compound eye antenna device and communication method. The wave-resistant ocean buoy microwave compound eye antenna device includes a hemispherical buoy body 1. A first antenna group 2 and a second antenna group 3 are disposed on the spherical surface of the buoy body 1. The first antenna group 2 is uniformly distributed circumferentially along the equatorial plane (low latitude) close to the buoy body 1, and the second antenna group 3 is uniformly distributed circumferentially along the equatorial plane (high latitude) away from the buoy body 1. The first antenna group 2 and the second antenna group 3 are staggered circumferentially, forming a multi-layered complementary omnidirectional radiation field. The communication method of the wave-resistant ocean buoy microwave compound eye antenna adopts a two-step comparison strategy of full-array concurrent reception and baseband: When communication is required, the entire array is activated to enter parallel listening, and after intercepting the pilot signal, synchronous parallel sampling is performed on all antennas; the first step is to compare the sampling data of all high-latitude antenna elements in parallel to lock the preferred high-position antenna for wave avoidance; the second step is to extract and compare the data of the low-latitude antenna elements adjacent to the preferred high-position antenna, and determine the final communication antenna based on a preset threshold. This application enables instantaneous antenna optimization and stable communication under severe sea conditions.

[0022] Please see Figure 1-2This application provides a wave-resistant microwave compound eye antenna device for a marine buoy, comprising: a buoy body 1 with an internal communication control system; the buoy body 1 being hemispherical; and a first antenna group 2 and a second antenna group 3 containing several antenna elements on the hemispherical surface of the buoy body 1. The first antenna group 2 and the second antenna group 3 are distributed at different latitudes and are circumferentially staggered, forming a multi-layered complementary omnidirectional radiation field. This complementary omnidirectional radiation field design ensures that when the buoy body 1 undergoes significant pitch or roll due to sea waves, regardless of the tilt angle of the buoy body 1, the main lobe direction of one or more antenna elements in the staggered first antenna group 2 and second antenna group 3 is always aligned with a land-based base station. This overcomes the blind spot problem caused by traditional single antennas or single-layer arrays pointing towards the sky or sea surface when the buoy is tilted, ensuring the continuity of the communication link in high sea states from a physical spatial perspective.

[0023] Specifically, please refer to Figure 3-4 A first antenna group 2 and a second antenna group 3 are arranged along different latitude circles of the buoy body 1. The first antenna group 2 includes multiple antenna elements 6 evenly distributed circumferentially near the equatorial plane of the buoy body, used to cover line-of-sight communication links close to the sea surface with their wide beamwidth when sea conditions are calm. The second antenna group 3 includes multiple antenna elements 6 evenly distributed circumferentially away from the equatorial plane of the buoy body, used to provide a high-elevation beam with wave resistance in adverse sea conditions. The antenna elements 6 in the second antenna group 3 are staggered relative to the antenna elements 6 in the first antenna group 2 in their circumferential azimuth, such that each antenna element 6 of the second antenna group 3 is located above the gap between two adjacent antenna elements 6 in the first antenna group 2, thereby forming a multi-layered complementary omnidirectional radiation coverage field on the surface of the buoy body 1.

[0024] Furthermore, the hemispherical surface of the buoy body 1 is provided with embedded grooves corresponding to the first antenna group 2 and the second antenna group 3, and the antenna units of the first antenna group 2 and the second antenna group 3 are installed in the embedded grooves.

[0025] Please see Figure 4 The antenna element 6 includes a microstrip patch antenna 4 and a wave-transparent cover plate 5. The microstrip patch antenna 4 is installed in an embedded groove, and the outer surface of the microstrip patch antenna 4 is covered by the wave-transparent cover plate 5. The outer surface of the wave-transparent cover plate 5 is flush with the outer contour curved surface of the buoy body 1, forming an embedded conformal structure. This embedded conformal design embeds the antenna element 6 into the surface of the buoy body 1, keeping its outer contour flush. This completely eliminates the problem of high wind resistance caused by the exposed and protruding structure of traditional whip antennas, and avoids the risk of breakage, plastic deformation, or entanglement with fishing nets and seaweed in strong winds and waves.

[0026] Furthermore, the number of antenna elements 6 in the first antenna group 2 and the second antenna group 3 is equal, and the antenna elements 6 in the first antenna group 2 and the second antenna group 3 are arranged at different latitudes and are equally spaced along the circumference of the buoy body 1, so that the first antenna group 2 is located in the middle position between two adjacent antenna elements 6 in the second antenna group 3, forming complementary spatial coverage, ensuring that there is always an antenna element 6 pointing at the base station when the buoy body 1 swings violently.

[0027] In an optional embodiment, the number of antenna elements 6 in the first antenna group 2 and the second antenna group 3 is equal, both being eight. The eight antenna elements 6 of the first antenna group 2 are evenly distributed at 45-degree intervals along the circumference; the eight antenna elements 6 of the second antenna group 3 are evenly distributed at 45-degree intervals along the circumference and have an azimuth phase difference of 22.5 degrees relative to the first antenna group 2.

[0028] Preferably, the first antenna group 2 is located in the region of 25 to 35 degrees above the equatorial plane of the buoy body 1, and is used to provide a low-elevation, high-gain beam close to the sea surface; the second antenna group 3 is located in the region of 50 to 60 degrees above the equatorial plane of the buoy body 1, and is used to provide a high-elevation beam that is resistant to wave obstruction. The antennas at high and low latitudes are respectively set in different spherical elevation angle ranges. The low-latitude antenna enables close-range, high-gain communication on the sea surface, while the high-latitude antenna avoids wave obstruction and ensures communication in adverse sea conditions. The two antennas complement each other and adapt to the dynamic undulations of the buoy body 1 under complex sea conditions.

[0029] Please see Figure 5 In an optional embodiment, a multi-channel radio frequency transceiver module 11 is further provided between the communication control system and the first antenna group 2 and the second antenna group 3. The concurrent radio frequency front end of the multi-channel radio frequency transceiver module 11 is electrically connected to the antenna elements 6 in the first antenna group 2 and the second antenna group 3 respectively through the coaxial feed line 10 in the communication control system. In this application, the multi-channel radio frequency transceiver module 11 refers to the SAM coaxial radio frequency connector.

[0030] Specifically, the communication control module includes a main control PCB7, a lower PCB8, an upper PCB9, a coaxial feeder 10, and PCB connection lines 12. Each antenna element 6 in the first antenna group 2 is electrically connected to the lower PCB8 via the coaxial feeder 10 and the multi-channel RF transceiver module 11. Each antenna element 6 in the second antenna group 3 is electrically connected to the upper PCB9 via the coaxial feeder 10 and the multi-channel RF transceiver module 11. The RF signals of the upper PCB9 and the lower PCB8 are transmitted to the main control PCB7 via the coaxial feeder 10 and the multi-channel RF transceiver module 11. The main control PCB7, the lower PCB8, and the upper PCB9 interact with each other via the PCB connection lines 12 to exchange power, control signals, and digital data.

[0031] Please see Figure 6The communication method of a wave-resistant marine buoy microwave compound eye antenna device provided in the second embodiment of this application includes the following steps: S1: Activate the antenna elements in the first antenna group and the second antenna group and perform parallel listening. When the pilot signal is intercepted, perform synchronous parallel signal sampling on all antenna elements to obtain the full array pilot signal quality dataset in the same time domain.

[0032] Specifically, when there is a communication requirement to send data to the base station, the control multi-channel radio frequency transceiver module simultaneously activates all antenna elements in the first antenna group (low latitude) close to the equatorial plane of the buoy body and the second antenna group (high latitude) away from the equatorial plane of the buoy body, so that the entire array enters a parallel listening state.

[0033] When the pilot signals periodically transmitted by the base station at the same physical moment are intercepted, the multi-channel radio frequency transceiver module is used to perform synchronous parallel signal sampling on all active antenna elements to obtain the full array pilot signal quality dataset under the same time window.

[0034] S2: Extract the antenna element with the strongest signal in the second antenna group and use it as the preferred high-position antenna; according to the pre-stored spatial mapping table, retrieve the signal quality data of the two antenna elements in the first antenna group that are spatially adjacent to the preferred high-position antenna, and make a comprehensive judgment with the signal quality of the preferred high-position antenna. If the signal quality index of the retrieved antenna element in the first antenna group is higher than that of the preferred high-position antenna and the difference is greater than a preset threshold, then switch the communication link to that antenna element in the first antenna group; otherwise, continue to use the preferred high-position antenna to complete the data interaction.

[0035] The first step of the comparison is to extract all the data of the antenna elements in the second antenna group from the full array pilot signal quality dataset under the same time domain window, sort them, determine the antenna element with the strongest signal as the preferred high-position antenna, so as to avoid the physical obstruction of the antenna elements in the first antenna group (low latitude) by the sea waves, and quickly lock the preferred high-position antenna with the best current signal quality as the communication security benchmark.

[0036] Perform the second step of comparison preparation: Based on the pre-stored spatial mapping table (spatial topology table), directly index from the full array pilot signal quality dataset under the same time domain window, and retrieve the signal quality data of the two antenna elements in the first antenna group that are spatially adjacent to the preferred high-position antenna.

[0037] Furthermore, based on the pre-stored spatial topology, data from the first antenna group (low latitude) antenna elements spatially adjacent to the preferred high-position antenna (i.e., located to its lower left and right) in the existing concurrent sampling dataset is directly extracted and compared. If the signal quality of the extracted antenna element in the first antenna group (low latitude) is significantly better than that of the preferred high-position antenna, and the difference exceeds a preset threshold, it is determined that the current instantaneous sea state allows low-position high-gain communication, and the system switches to that antenna element in the first antenna group (low latitude) for data transmission; otherwise, the system determines that there is a risk of wave obstruction and locks the preferred high-position antenna for communication.

[0038] Specifically, the signal quality of the preferred high-position antenna is comprehensively judged together with that of the preferred high-position antenna. If the signal quality index of the antenna element in the first antenna group is higher than that of the preferred high-position antenna and the difference is greater than a preset threshold, the communication link is switched to that antenna element in the first antenna group; otherwise, the preferred high-position antenna is used to complete the subsequent data interaction.

[0039] Furthermore, when performing the second comparison step, the communication control system is configured to extract the sampling signals of two adjacent antenna elements in the first antenna group that are physically located to the lower left and lower right of the preferred high-position antenna, respectively, and compare their signal quality with that of the preferred high-position antenna.

[0040] Example 1: Physical structure and dimensional parameters of a microwave compound eye antenna device for wind and wave resistant marine buoys.

[0041] The wave-resistant marine buoy microwave compound eye antenna device includes a buoy body, a first antenna group and a second antenna group disposed on the surface of the buoy body, and an internal communication and control system. This embodiment uses a radius... Taking a 1-meter hemispherical buoy as an example, its specific spatial topology is illustrated: Geometric configuration of the double-layer staggered array: buoy body, using a radius of... A high-strength fiberglass hemispherical shell. Its base circle's horizontal plane is defined as the equatorial plane (elevation angle). ).

[0042] The first antenna group consists of eight evenly distributed antenna elements, with its central axis located at the elevation angle. On the latitude circle. The radius of this circle. Vertical height The center-to-center distance between adjacent antenna elements in the circumferential direction is approximately... This configuration is designed to provide a low-elevation beam close to sea level.

[0043] The second antenna group consists of eight evenly distributed antenna elements, with its central axis located at the elevation angle. On the latitude circle. The radius of this circle. Vertical height The center-to-center distance between adjacent antenna elements in the circumferential direction is approximately... .

[0044] The staggered arrangement means that the second antenna group deflects relative to the first antenna group in the circumferential azimuth angle. That is, each element of the second antenna group is located on the bisector of the angle between two adjacent elements of the first antenna group in the vertical projection, forming complementary spatial coverage and ensuring that an antenna is always pointed at the base station when the buoy swings violently.

[0045] In this embodiment, the buoy uses a microstrip patch antenna to conduct long-distance line-of-sight communication with a shore-based base station in the direction of the horizon.

[0046] As a preferred implementation, the system operates in the commonly used Sub-GHz industrial and marine data transmission frequency band (e.g., This embodiment takes the operation in this specific low-frequency band as an example. The resonant dimensions of the microstrip patch antenna are designed to match the wavelength of this frequency band, and its surface physical dimensions are approximately... Those skilled in the art will understand that by scaling the physical size of the microstrip antenna proportionally, the interlaced compound eye array of the present invention can be adapted to other frequencies (such as microwaves). Shore-based line-of-sight communication.

[0047] An embedded groove matching the antenna size is provided on the outer wall of the buoy body, with a depth of [missing information]. .

[0048] The wave-transparent cover is made of a special polymer material with low dielectric constant and corrosion resistance. Specifically, the special polymer material can be polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), or ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), etc. In this embodiment, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is preferred, as it not only has an extremely low dielectric constant to minimize radio frequency loss, but also can better resist corrosion from the high salt spray environment of the ocean and long-term physical erosion from the impact of giant waves. It is tightly covered on the microstrip patch antenna. The outer surface of the wave-transparent cover is completely flush with the spherical contour of the buoy body. This fully embedded conformal design eliminates wind resistance and prevents the antenna from being entangled by seaweed or physically broken during the impact of giant waves.

[0049] Example 2: Multi-channel concurrent communication architecture and algorithm logic.

[0050] Compared to Embodiment 1, the core hardware feature of this embodiment lies in the use of a multi-channel RF transceiver module, replacing the traditional mechanical or serial RF switch. The buoy body is internally equipped with a multi-channel RF transceiver module, featuring 16 concurrent RF front-ends, which are respectively connected to 16 microstrip patch antennas in the first and second antenna groups.

[0051] The communication control system employs a full-array electromagnetic snapshot optimization mode. When receiving pilot signals, the system controls 16 channels of the multi-channel RF transceiver module to synchronously sample within the same time window, acquiring a complete pilot signal quality dataset for the instantaneous sea state.

[0052] Example 3: A pure digital hierarchical optimization communication method based on pilot snapshots.

[0053] This embodiment describes the system's operation process in a high sea state and strong obstruction environment. To ensure the real-time performance of antenna optimization, the shore-based base station in this embodiment is configured to perform antenna optimization at a preset period of time. Broadcast pilot signals to the sea surface coverage area.

[0054] S1: Service wake-up and full array listening. When the buoy needs to send monitoring data to the base station, the control system activates the entire array (16 channels) to enter parallel listening state.

[0055] S2: Synchronous snapshot sampling. When the pilot signals periodically transmitted by the base station are intercepted, the 16 channels simultaneously perform signal sampling. The system acquires the full array pilot signal quality dataset (such as the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio of each antenna) under the same physical moment and the same buoy attitude.

[0056] S3: First step comparison (high-level anti-blocking locking). The algorithm prioritizes extracting and sorting the 8 data streams of the second-day line group from the full array pilot signal quality dataset under the same physical time and buoy attitude. Since the second-day line group is located... The higher the position, the lower the probability of physical blockage due to surges. The element with the highest signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) is the preferred high-position antenna.

[0057] S4: Second step comparison (low-position high-gain potential extraction). Based on spatial topology, the algorithm directly retrieves the signal quality sample values ​​of the antenna elements in the two adjacent first antenna groups located to the lower left and lower right of the preferred high-position antenna from the dataset.

[0058] S5: Comprehensive Decision and Link Locking. The signal quality sample values ​​of the antenna elements in the two adjacent first antenna groups are compared with the preferred high-position antenna value. If the buoy is in a trough at this time, the (low latitude) antenna element in the first antenna group is not blocked, and its gain is significantly higher than that of the (high latitude) antenna element in the second antenna group due to the elevation angle (i.e., the SINR of the low latitude antenna is better than that of the high latitude antenna, and the SINR difference is greater than a preset threshold, such as 3dB), then the system switches to the element in the second first antenna group to transmit data.

[0059] Conversely, if the difference is insufficient or the low-level signal is poor, it is determined that the current state is under peak obstruction, and the system maintains lock on the preferred high-level antenna in the second day's antenna group. The entire process is completed within the digital baseband, eliminating the need for RF physical scanning time, ensuring optimal alignment is achieved within a few milliseconds of the buoy's body swaying.

[0060] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0061] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A microwave compound eye antenna device for a marine buoy resistant to wind and wave disturbance, comprising a buoy body with an internal communication and control system, characterized in that, The buoy body is hemispherical, and a first antenna group and a second antenna group containing several antenna elements and connected to the communication control system are provided on the hemispherical surface of the buoy body. The first antenna group and the second antenna group are distributed at different latitudes and are circumferentially staggered.

2. The ocean buoy microwave compound eye antenna device resistant to wind and wave disturbance as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first antenna group includes a plurality of antenna elements that are circumferentially evenly distributed near the equatorial plane of the buoy body, for use to cover the line-of-sight communication link close to the sea surface with wide beams when the sea state is calm. The second antenna group includes multiple antenna elements that are circumferentially evenly distributed on the equatorial plane away from the buoy body, for providing a high elevation beam that is resistant to wave shielding in rough sea conditions.

3. The ocean buoy microwave compound eye antenna device resistant to wind and wave disturbance as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The buoy body has an embedded groove on its hemispherical surface that corresponds to the first antenna group and the second antenna group, and the antenna units of the first antenna group and the second antenna group are installed in the embedded groove.

4. The ocean buoy microwave compound eye antenna device resistant to wind and wave disturbance as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The antenna unit includes a microstrip patch antenna and a wave-transparent cover plate. The microstrip patch antenna is installed in the embedded groove, and the outer surface of the microstrip patch antenna is covered by the wave-transparent cover plate. The outer surface of the wave-transparent cover plate is flush with the outer contour surface of the buoy body.

5. The ocean buoy microwave compound eye antenna device resistant to wind and wave disturbance as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The number of antenna elements in the first antenna group and the second antenna group is equal, and the antenna elements in the first antenna group and the second antenna group are arranged at different latitudes and are staggered at equal intervals along the circumference of the buoy body, so that the first antenna group is located in the middle position between two adjacent antenna elements in the second antenna group.

6. The ocean buoy microwave compound eye antenna device resistant to wind and wave disturbance as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first antenna group is located in the region of 25 to 35 degrees above the equatorial plane of the buoy body, and is used to provide a low elevation angle and high gain beam close to the sea surface.

7. The ocean buoy microwave compound eye antenna device resistant to wind and wave disturbance as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The communication control system is further provided with a multi-channel radio frequency transceiver module between itself and the first antenna group and the second antenna group. The concurrent radio frequency front end of the multi-channel radio frequency transceiver module is connected to the antenna elements in the first antenna group and the second antenna group respectively through the coaxial feed line in the communication control system.

8. The ocean buoy microwave compound eye antenna device resistant to wind and wave disturbance as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The second antenna group is located in the region of 50 to 60 degrees above the equatorial plane of the buoy body, and is used to provide a high elevation beam that is resistant to wave shielding.

9. A communication method for a wave-resistant marine buoy microwave compound eye antenna device, applied to the wave-resistant marine buoy microwave compound eye antenna device according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Activate the antenna elements in the first antenna group and the second antenna group and perform parallel listening. When the pilot signal is intercepted, perform synchronous parallel signal sampling on all the antenna elements to obtain the full array pilot signal quality dataset in the same time domain. Extract the antenna element with the strongest signal from the second antenna group and use it as the preferred high-position antenna; According to the pre-stored spatial mapping table, the signal quality data of two antenna units in the first antenna group that are spatially adjacent to the preferred high-position antenna are retrieved, and a comprehensive judgment is made with the signal quality of the preferred high-position antenna respectively. If the signal quality index of the antenna unit in the first antenna group is higher than that of the preferred high-position antenna and the difference is greater than a preset threshold, the communication link is switched to the antenna unit in the first antenna group. Otherwise, data interaction is completed using the preferred high-position antenna.

10. The communication method of the wave-resistant marine buoy microwave compound eye antenna device as described in claim 9, characterized in that, According to the pre-stored spatial mapping table, the signal quality data of two spatially adjacent antenna elements located to the left and right of the preferred high-position antenna in the first antenna group are retrieved from the full array pilot signal quality data set in the same time domain.

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