A single-channel circularly polarized phased array antenna unit and array

Abstract

The application discloses a single-channel circularly polarized phased array antenna unit and array and belongs to the technical field of phased array antennas. The single-channel circularly polarized phased array antenna unit comprises, from top to bottom, a parasitic patch layer, a first dielectric substrate layer, an air cavity layer and a second dielectric substrate layer; the top surface of the second dielectric substrate layer is provided with a driving patch and a filtering branch; the driving patch is connected with a feed port in the bottom surface of the second dielectric substrate layer through a feed probe; and the filtering branch is connected with the driving patch on the side close to the feed probe. The single-channel circularly polarized phased array antenna unit has the advantages of low cost, low profile, light weight, high efficiency, high out-of-band suppression and wide bandwidth angle scanning, and meets the demand of a new generation of satellite communication terminal on phased array antennas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of phased array antenna technology, specifically to a single-channel circularly polarized phased array antenna element and array. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of low-Earth orbit satellite internet, airborne satellite communication, vehicle-mounted satellite communication, and portable satellite terminals, users are placing increasingly higher demands on the miniaturization, lightweight design, low profile, and high integration of satellite communication equipment. Traditional satellite communication systems typically use separate transmit and receive antennas to complete uplink and downlink communication respectively. While this type of split-type solution is relatively simple in design, it suffers from problems such as large size, high weight, complex installation, and low platform integration, making it difficult to meet the requirements of next-generation satellite communication terminals for lightweight and modular design. Therefore, the industry is gradually adopting an integrated planar phased array architecture where the transmit and receive arrays share the same radome. By integrating the transmit and receive arrays within a limited aperture, it achieves miniaturization, low profile, and high integration of terminal equipment.

[0003] In Ku-band satellite communication systems, the downlink receiving frequency is typically 10.7–12.7 GHz, while the uplink transmitting frequency is typically 14–14.5 GHz. Due to the adjacent transmitting and receiving bands and the small frequency spacing, out-of-band radiation from the transmitting link and the sensitivity of the receiving link to signals in adjacent frequency bands make transmit-receive isolation a significant factor affecting system performance. Particularly in large-scale active phased array systems, high-power transmitted signals can easily leak into the receiving channel through multiple coupling paths, such as spatial coupling and the reflection of radio frequency energy by the radome medium, leading to a decrease in receiver sensitivity.

[0004] Filtered antenna technology has attracted widespread attention due to its ability to integrate radiation and frequency selection functions into a single structure. By introducing a filter resonant unit into the antenna's radiating structure, out-of-band suppression can be achieved while maintaining good radiation performance, thereby reducing the system's need for a separate filter. However, most existing filtered antenna research focuses on linearly polarized antennas or fixed-beam antennas, and existing filter structures are mostly stripline structures, occupying additional space and increasing the cross-section. For single-fed phased array antennas suitable for Ku-band satellite communication, possessing circular polarization characteristics and capable of wide-angle scanning, problems such as complex structure, cumbersome feeding network, difficulty in array expansion, and limited out-of-band suppression capability still exist.

[0005] Single-fed circularly polarized antennas have gained widespread attention in the field of phased array antennas due to their simple structure and convenient feeding. Compared to dual-fed circularly polarized antennas, single-fed circularly polarized antennas do not require an additional orthogonal feeding network, effectively reducing system complexity and feeding losses. However, single-fed circularly polarized antennas suffer from narrow impedance bandwidth and axial ratio bandwidth, typically less than 10%, making it difficult to meet the wideband operation requirements of Ku-band satellite communication systems.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose a single-feed circularly polarized antenna structure suitable for Ku-band satellite communication phased array systems. This structure should achieve good circularly polarized radiation performance and wide-angle scanning capability, while also possessing excellent out-of-band suppression characteristics. This would reduce electromagnetic interference between the transmit and receive links, improve system integration, and enhance overall communication performance. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a single-channel circularly polarized phased array antenna element and array to solve the problems of existing circularly polarized phased array antennas, such as limited out-of-band suppression capability, impedance bandwidth, heavy structure, high manufacturing cost, and poor wide-angle scanning capability.

[0008] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: A single-channel circularly polarized phased array antenna element includes: a parasitic patch layer, a first dielectric substrate layer, an air cavity layer, and a second dielectric substrate layer arranged sequentially from top to bottom; The top surface of the second dielectric substrate layer is provided with a driving patch and a filter stub; the driving patch is connected to the feed port on the bottom surface of the second dielectric substrate layer through a feed probe; the filter stub is connected to the driving patch on the side near the feed probe.

[0009] Furthermore, the parasitic patch layer includes a closed metal patch and multiple linear metal patches connected to the periphery of the closed metal patch, with the multiple linear metal patches evenly distributed around the periphery of the closed metal patch.

[0010] Furthermore, the aforementioned feed probe and filter stub are located near the same edge of the second dielectric substrate layer; the filter stub is symmetrical about the feed probe.

[0011] Furthermore, the aforementioned filter stubs are folded, with both ends of the stubs close to the feed probes, and one end of the stub is connected to the drive patch.

[0012] Furthermore, the length of the aforementioned branch is 0.25 times the wavelength of the medium corresponding to the center frequency.

[0013] Furthermore, the aforementioned driving patch includes a first driving patch and a second driving patch connected to the edge of the first driving patch; the second driving patch is connected to the feed probe and the filter stub, respectively.

[0014] Furthermore, the first driving patch is a first square with chamfered corners, and the second driving patch is a second square, with the side length of the first square being greater than the side length of the second square.

[0015] Furthermore, the outer periphery of the aforementioned air cavity layer is provided with a first metal wall, and the bottom edge of the air cavity layer is provided with a first metal frame connected to the first metal wall.

[0016] Furthermore, the outer periphery, top surface, and bottom surface of the aforementioned second dielectric substrate layer are respectively provided with a second metal wall, a second metal frame, and a metal ground plane connected together; the power supply probe, the drive patch, and the filter stub are all located inside the second metal frame, and the power supply probe is connected to the metal ground plane.

[0017] A phased array antenna array includes: a plurality of array elements, all array elements being rectangular arrays; each array element includes 4 of the above-mentioned single-channel circularly polarized phased array antenna elements, the 4 single-channel circularly polarized phased array antenna elements being arranged in a counterclockwise rotation to form a 2×2 rectangular array; in the 2×2 rectangular array, each single-channel circularly polarized phased array antenna element is rotated sequentially by 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270° according to the counterclockwise rotation arrangement order.

[0018] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The filter stub and the driving patch of the present invention are integrated in the same layer. The folding treatment of the stub ensures the circular polarization symmetry of the driving patch, realizes the integration of antenna radiation and filtering functions, and obtains excellent out-of-band suppression capability without adding extra cross-section.

[0019] (2) The present invention achieves wide impedance bandwidth and wide axial ratio bandwidth through the collaborative design of cavity structure and parasitic patch, while improving radiation efficiency and reducing antenna weight.

[0020] (3) While achieving out-of-band suppression and wideband circular polarization performance, the present invention maintains good wide-angle scanning capability and is suitable for highly integrated Ku-band satellite communication phased array systems. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced one by one below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single-channel circularly polarized phased array antenna unit provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the application of the parasitic patch layer provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the air cavity layer provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the driving patch and filter stub provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 5 The active S-parameter curve of the single-channel circularly polarized phased array antenna element provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention is shown. Figure 6 The axial ratio curve of the single-channel circularly polarized phased array antenna element provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a gain curve diagram of a single-channel circularly polarized phased array antenna element provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the array element structure of the phased array antenna array provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the array element structure of the 2*8 one-dimensional phased array antenna array provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a large-angle beam scanning performance diagram of a 2*8 one-dimensional phased array antenna array provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the 8*8 one-dimensional phased array antenna array provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the application of the parasitic patch layer provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention; Figure 13 The active S-parameter curve of the single-channel circularly polarized phased array antenna element provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention is shown. Figure 14 The axial ratio curve of the single-channel circularly polarized phased array antenna element provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention; Figure 15 This is a gain curve diagram of a single-channel circularly polarized phased array antenna element provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention; Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the array element structure of the phased array antenna array provided in Embodiment 4 of the present invention; Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the array element structure of the 2*8 one-dimensional phased array antenna array provided in Embodiment 4 of the present invention; Figure 18 This is a large-angle beam scanning performance diagram of the 2*8 one-dimensional phased array antenna array provided in Embodiment 4 of the present invention; Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the 8*8 one-dimensional phased array antenna array provided in Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

[0023] Reference numerals: 1-Parasitic patch layer; 2-First dielectric substrate layer; 3-First adhesive layer; 4-Air cavity layer; 5-Second adhesive layer; 6-Feed probe; 7-Filter stub; 8-First metal wall; 9-Second metal wall; 10-Second dielectric substrate layer; 11-Drive patch; 41-First metal frame; 101-Second metal frame; 102-Metal ground plane. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0025] It should be noted that the terms "vertical direction," "horizontal direction," "+45° or 45° direction," "upper," "middle," "lower," and similar expressions are for illustrative purposes only and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0026] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0027] The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0028] Example 1:

[0029] like Figure 1As shown, this embodiment provides a single-channel circularly polarized phased array antenna unit, including: a parasitic patch layer 1, a first dielectric substrate layer 2, an air cavity layer 4, and a second dielectric substrate layer 10 arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The first dielectric substrate layer 2 and the air cavity layer 4 are bonded together, and the air cavity layer 4 and the second dielectric substrate layer 10 are bonded together, forming a first adhesive layer 3 and a second adhesive layer 5. The bonding method between the air cavity layer 4 and the first dielectric substrate layer 2 and the second dielectric substrate layer 10 reduces the processing complexity and manufacturing cost associated with multilayer PCB lamination processes.

[0030] like Figure 2 As shown, the parasitic patch layer 1 includes a closed metal patch and several linear metal patches connected to the periphery of the closed metal patch. The closed metal patch can be of any shape, such as circular, rectangular, square, triangular, elliptical, etc., or can be composed of one or more of the above shapes, used to improve impedance matching. The linear metal patches can be straight or have any curved structure, used to improve axial ratio performance. In this embodiment, the preferred shape of the closed metal patch is circular, and the preferred shape of the linear metal patches is arc-shaped.

[0031] Preferably, the number of linear metal patches is 8, and they are evenly spaced on the outside of the closed metal patch. Additionally, the linear metal patches can be centrally symmetrically distributed around the geometric center of the closed metal patch. The number and position of the linear metal patches are not specifically limited; any linear metal patches located on the periphery of the closed metal patch in a certain number and at any position, as long as they can improve the axial ratio performance of the circularly polarized antenna, are within the protection scope of this application.

[0032] Alternatively, the aforementioned linear metal patches may not be connected to the closed metal patch, but may be laid out on the periphery of the closed metal patch in a certain arrangement, which can be horizontal, vertical, or diagonal; the arrangement can also be in the same direction; when the linear metal patches are in a curved state, they can be arranged in a complementary or paired manner; and each linear metal patch is not connected to each other or the paired linear metal patches are connected to each other, forming the zero-order resonator of the antenna element, effectively optimizing the bandwidth and axial ratio performance of the antenna.

[0033] like Figure 3 As shown, the air cavity layer 4 has a cavity in the middle, which corresponds to the vertical position of the parasitic patch layer 1. The air cavity layer 4 uses air as the radiation medium for electromagnetic signals, which has a relatively low dielectric constant, reducing signal radiation loss, improving antenna radiation efficiency, and reducing antenna weight to some extent.

[0034] In this embodiment, the shape of the air cavity layer 4 is preferably rectangular, but it can also be circular or other shapes. The four corners of the rectangle are rounded with blunted arcs, or they can be right angles, etc.

[0035] The air cavity layer 4 is surrounded by a first metal wall 8, and the bottom edge of the air cavity layer 4 is provided with a first metal frame 41 connected to the first metal wall 8. The bottom edge of the first metal wall 8 is connected to the outer edge of the first metal frame 41 to form an electric wall.

[0036] like Figure 4 As shown, a second metal wall 9 is provided around the periphery of the second dielectric substrate layer 10, a second metal frame 101 is provided on the top surface of the second dielectric substrate layer 10, and a metal floor 102 is provided on the bottom surface of the second dielectric substrate layer 10. The top edge of the second metal wall 9 is connected to the outer edge of the second metal frame 101, and the bottom edge of the second metal wall 9 is connected to the edge of the metal floor 102, forming an electric wall.

[0037] The electric barrier formed in this embodiment can improve the electromagnetic isolation between antenna elements.

[0038] like Figure 4 As shown, the second dielectric substrate layer 10 is provided with a feed probe 6, and the top surface of the second dielectric substrate layer 10 is also provided with a driving patch 11 and a filter stub 7. The driving patch 11 and the filter stub 7 are both located inside the second metal frame 101. The two ends of the feed probe 6 are connected to the driving patch 11 and the feed port on the metal ground plane 102, respectively. At the same time, the filter stub 7 is connected to the driving patch 11. The driving patch 11 is directly excited by the feed probe 6, and then excited the parasitic patch layer 1 through electromagnetic coupling. Specifically, the electromagnetic coupling effect of the driving patch 11 excites multimode resonance. The linear metal patch can improve the amplitude components and phase relationship of the two orthogonal electric fields, thereby realizing the synchronous expansion of impedance matching bandwidth and 3dB axial ratio bandwidth.

[0039] Preferably, the drive patch 11 is located near the center of the second dielectric substrate layer 10, and the feed probe 6 and the filter stub 7 are located near the same edge of the second dielectric substrate layer 10.

[0040] In this embodiment, the driving patch 11 includes a first driving patch located in the middle of the second dielectric substrate layer 10 and a second driving patch connected to the edge of the first driving patch. The second driving patch is connected to the feed probe 6 and the filter stub 7, respectively. The shape of the first driving patch is configured to excite two spatially perpendicular, equal-amplitude, and 90° phase-differential degenerate orthogonal mode signals, which are then synthesized to achieve a circularly polarized wave.

[0041] Preferably, the first driving patch is a first square with chamfered corners, and the chamfered corners are located at the two opposite corners of the square, with the same size and shape. The shape of the chamfered corners is preferably a right triangle, but it can also be an isosceles right triangle, a non-isosceles right triangle, a rectangle, a circle, an arc, or a form with obtuse corners, such as a rounded arc shape.

[0042] The second drive patch is shaped like a second square, and the side length of the first square is greater than the side length of the second square.

[0043] Preferably, the second driving patch is connected to one of the chamfered corners of the first driving patch. More preferably, the vertex of one of the chamfered corners is aligned with the midpoint of the side length of the second driving patch.

[0044] Preferably, the driving patch 11 can also be a rectangular patch with an aspect ratio close to 1, wherein the power supply probe 6 is located on the diagonal of the rectangular patch; or, the driving patch 11 can also be a square patch with diagonal slits inside, a circular or near-circular patch with cross-shaped asymmetrical slits. The shape of the driving patch is not limited here; it can be any square, rhombus, pentagon, four-pointed star, polygon; circular, annular, circular with an outer ring, elliptical, etc.

[0045] In this embodiment, there are two groups of filter branches 7, which are symmetrical about the power supply probe 6. Each group of filter branches 7 has at least one branch, and the placement of each group of filter branches 7 is not limited.

[0046] Preferably, the stub in the filter stub 7 is folded, with both ends of the stub close to the feed probe 6, and one end of the stub connected to the second drive patch of the drive patch 11. The folded stub avoids excessive length, which could affect the formation of circular polarization. Moreover, the current directions on adjacent stub segments of the folded single filter stub are opposite, causing the radiation of the filter stub to cancel each other out, thus reducing the impact of the filter stub 7 on the antenna element performance.

[0047] The filter stub 7 can be a double-fold or a multi-fold line shape with more than two folds. Preferably, the number of folds is even, so as to achieve current radiation cancellation on the filter stub.

[0048] This embodiment achieves an integrated design of the radiation structure and the filtering structure by designing a filter stub 7 on the driving patch 11. By folding the filter stub, the circular polarization symmetry of the driving patch 11 is ensured. Compared with the stripline filtering structure or independent filtering structure commonly used in the prior art, the filter stub 7 and the driving patch 11 are located on the same metal layer in this embodiment, forming an out-of-band radiation null point without increasing the number of layers or the antenna profile. This effectively improves the out-of-band rejection capability of the antenna and reduces the dependence on external filters.

[0049] Preferably, the length of the filter stub 7 is 0.25λ, where λ is the dielectric wavelength corresponding to the center frequency point of the location of the filter stub 7.

[0050] This embodiment optimizes the parameters of the radiating element and the filtering structure, enabling the antenna element to maintain good circular polarization radiation performance while possessing wide-angle scanning capability. Under large-angle scanning conditions, it can still maintain good impedance matching, axial ratio performance and out-of-band suppression characteristics, making it particularly suitable for Ku-band phased array satellite communication terminals.

[0051] like Figure 5 The figure shows the active S-parameter curve of the single-channel circularly polarized phased array antenna element provided in this embodiment. The horizontal axis represents the frequency (GHz) and the vertical axis represents the active S-parameter (dB). It can be seen from the figure that in the frequency range of 10.7-12.75GHz, the active reflection coefficient S11 is less than -10dB, and the impedance matching performance is good.

[0052] like Figure 6 The figure shows the axial ratio curve of the single-channel circularly polarized phased array antenna element provided in this embodiment. The horizontal axis is the frequency (GHz) and the vertical axis is the axial ratio (dB). It can be seen from the figure that in the frequency range of 11GHz-12.75GHz, the axial ratio of the antenna element is less than 3dB, which has good circular polarization radiation performance.

[0053] like Figure 7 The figure shows the gain curve of the single-channel circularly polarized phased array antenna element provided in this embodiment. The horizontal axis is the frequency (GHz) and the vertical axis is the gain ratio (dB). It can be seen from the figure that the gain curve is smooth in the range of 10.7-12.75GHz and is greater than 2.7dBi. In the Ku-transmit radio frequency band, the gain is below -20dB, showing a high out-of-band rejection level.

[0054] Example 2:

[0055] This embodiment provides a phased array antenna array, including: a plurality of array elements, all array elements forming a rectangular array. Wherein, as... Figure 8 As shown, the array unit includes four single-channel circularly polarized phased array antenna units as described in Embodiment 1. The four single-channel circularly polarized phased array antenna units are arranged in a ring array with rotations of 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270°. The filter stubs 7 of all antenna units are located inside the array unit.

[0056] like Figure 9 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the array element of the 2*8 one-dimensional phased array antenna array provided in this embodiment. The number of array elements is 4, and the phased array antenna array composed of 4 antenna elements is expanded horizontally by a factor of 4. Figure 10The figure shows the large-angle beam scanning performance of the 2*8 one-dimensional phased array antenna array provided in this embodiment. As can be seen from the figure, the gain loss is less than 4dB when scanning to ±60°, achieving a wide-angle scan of more than ±60°.

[0057] like Figure 11 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the array element of the 8*8 one-dimensional phased array antenna array provided in this embodiment. The number of array elements is 16, which is to expand the above-mentioned 2*8 one-dimensional phased array antenna array longitudinally by 4 times.

[0058] Example 3:

[0059] This embodiment is a further improvement based on Embodiment 1. For example... Figure 12 As shown, the closed metal patch is circular in shape, and the linear metal patch is straight.

[0060] like Figure 13 The figure shows the active S-parameter curve of the single-channel circularly polarized phased array antenna element provided in this embodiment. The horizontal axis represents the frequency (GHz) and the vertical axis represents the active S-parameter (dB). It can be seen from the figure that in the frequency range of 10.7-12.75GHz, the active reflection coefficient S11 is less than -10dB, and the impedance matching performance is good.

[0061] like Figure 14 The figure shows the axial ratio curve of the single-channel circularly polarized phased array antenna element provided in this embodiment. The horizontal axis is the frequency (GHz) and the vertical axis is the axial ratio (dB). It can be seen from the figure that in the frequency range of 11.1GHz-12.75GHz, the axial ratio of the antenna element is less than 3dB, which has good circular polarization radiation performance.

[0062] like Figure 15 The figure shows the gain curve of the single-channel circularly polarized phased array antenna element provided in this embodiment. The horizontal axis is frequency (GHz) and the vertical axis is gain (dB). It can be seen from the figure that the gain curve is smooth in the range of 10.7-12.75GHz and is greater than 2.8dBi. In the Ku-transmit radio frequency band, the gain is below -18dB, showing a high level of out-of-band suppression.

[0063] Example 4:

[0064] This embodiment provides a phased array antenna array, including: a plurality of array elements, all array elements being a rectangular array. Wherein, as... Figure 16 As shown, the array unit includes four single-channel circularly polarized phased array antenna units as described in Embodiment 3. The four single-channel circularly polarized phased array antenna units are arranged in a ring array, and the filter stubs 7 of all antenna units are located inside the array unit.

[0065] like Figure 17 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the array element of the 2*8 one-dimensional phased array antenna array provided in this embodiment. The number of array elements is 4, and the phased array antenna array composed of 4 antenna elements is expanded horizontally by a factor of 4. Figure 18 The figure shows the large-angle beam scanning performance of the 2*8 one-dimensional phased array antenna array provided in this embodiment. As can be seen from the figure, the gain loss is less than 4dB when scanning to ±60°, achieving a wide-angle scan of more than ±60°.

[0066] like Figure 19 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the array element of the 8*8 one-dimensional phased array antenna array provided in this embodiment. The number of array elements is 16, which is to expand the above-mentioned 2*8 one-dimensional phased array antenna array longitudinally by 4 times.

[0067] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A single-channel circularly polarized phased array antenna element, characterized in that, include: The parasitic patch layer (1), the first dielectric substrate layer (2), the air cavity layer (4) and the second dielectric substrate layer (10) are arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The top surface of the second dielectric substrate layer (10) is provided with a driving patch (11) and a filter stub (7); the driving patch (11) is connected to the power supply port on the bottom surface of the second dielectric substrate layer (10) through a power supply probe (6); the filter stub (7) is connected to the driving patch (11) on the side close to the power supply probe (6).

2. The single-channel circularly polarized phased array antenna element according to claim 1, characterized in that, The parasitic patch layer (1) includes a closed metal patch and a plurality of linear metal patches connected to the periphery of the closed metal patch, wherein the plurality of linear metal patches are evenly distributed around the periphery of the closed metal patch.

3. The single-channel circularly polarized phased array antenna element according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feed probe (6) and the filter stub (7) are close to the same edge of the second dielectric substrate layer (10); the filter stub (7) is symmetrical about the feed probe (6).

4. The single-channel circularly polarized phased array antenna element according to claim 2, characterized in that, The filter stub (7) is folded, with both ends of the stub close to the feed probe (6), and one end of the stub is connected to the drive patch (11).

5. The single-channel circularly polarized phased array antenna element according to claim 3, characterized in that, The length of the branch is 0.25 times the wavelength of the medium corresponding to the center frequency.

6. The single-channel circularly polarized phased array antenna element according to claim 1, characterized in that, The driving patch (11) includes a first driving patch and a second driving patch connected to the edge of the first driving patch; the second driving patch is connected to the feed probe (6) and the filter stub (7) respectively.

7. The single-channel circularly polarized phased array antenna element according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first driver patch is a first square with chamfered corners, and the second driver patch is a second square, wherein the side length of the first square is greater than the side length of the second square.

8. The single-channel circularly polarized phased array antenna element according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air cavity layer (4) is provided with a first metal wall (8) on its periphery, and the bottom edge of the air cavity layer (4) is provided with a first metal frame (41) connected to the first metal wall (8).

9. The single-channel circularly polarized phased array antenna element according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second dielectric substrate layer (10) has a second metal wall (9), a second metal frame (101) and a metal floor (102) connected together on its periphery, top surface and bottom surface respectively; the power supply probe (6), the drive patch (11) and the filter stub (7) are all located inside the second metal frame (101), and the power supply probe (6) is connected to the metal floor (102).

10. A phased array antenna array, characterized in that, include: A plurality of array units, all array units being rectangular arrays; each array unit includes four single-channel circularly polarized phased array antenna units as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, the four single-channel circularly polarized phased array antenna units being arranged in a counterclockwise rotation to form a 2×2 rectangular array; in the 2×2 rectangular array, each single-channel circularly polarized phased array antenna unit is rotated sequentially by 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270° in the counterclockwise rotation arrangement order.

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