Modular expansion structure and electric energy metering and distribution integrated box

Abstract

The application discloses a modular expansion structure and an electric energy metering and power distribution integrated box, and relates to the technical field of electric energy metering and power distribution equipment. The modular expansion structure comprises an expansion shell, an expansion module, a box side interface, a module side interface, a guide positioning piece, a locking and pressing mechanism, an elastic energy storage piece, a locking detection assembly and a control unit. The expansion module is installed into the installation position of the expansion shell along a predetermined direction. The guide positioning piece is used for limiting the plug-in path. The locking and pressing mechanism is used for driving the module side interface and the box side interface into a pressing and conducting state after the expansion module is plugged into place. The application realizes the module plug-in, identity recognition, mechanical locking and conducting authorization in stages, can avoid mispowering in the state of not being locked into place or mispositioned access, and can monitor the interface pressing state and contact heating state in combination with displacement detection and temperature detection, so that the safety, reliability and long-term operation stability of the modular expansion access are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electric energy metering and power distribution equipment, in particular to a modular expansion structure and an integrated box integrating electric energy metering and power distribution. Background Art

[0002] At present, the modular expansion interfaces commonly used in the application of integrated electric energy metering and power distribution boxes are generally composed of conductive plug contacts, mechanical latches or latch structures, and auxiliary signal terminals. During installation, an operator pushes the expansion module into the box body along the guide structure, so that the module-side contacts are directly mated with the box-side power conductors by plugging, and mechanical fixation is achieved by means of latches, elastic sheets or screw connection structures. However, in the actual use of long-term operation and frequent on-site assembly and disassembly, such structures have the following problems: When an expansion module is accessed to the existing modular integrated electric energy metering and power distribution box, mechanical installation is generally only realized by means of plugging, latches or screws, and there is a lack of linkage confirmation on the insertion depth, locking state, crimping state of conductive contacts and the identity matching relationship of the expansion module. Therefore, even if the expansion module is in a state of incomplete insertion, misplaced installation or insufficient contact pressure, it may still be connected to a live circuit, thereby causing problems such as contact heating, arc pulling ablation, phase sequence mismatching, wrong correspondence of metering loops, and the requirement for manual verification after expansion.

[0003] In addition, even if the expansion module is fully inserted and locked in place and authorized to be powered on when accessed, during long-term operation, factors such as thermal expansion and cold contraction, contact elastic attenuation, plugging wear, vibration loosening, load fluctuation or material creep may still cause the contact pressure of conductive contacts to gradually decrease, increasing the contact resistance and causing local temperature rise, insulation aging and even arc pulling ablation. Existing structures generally can only perform one-time confirmation of installation in place, lack continuous judgment on crimping allowance and contact deterioration trend during the operation of expansion interfaces, and cannot perform effective early warning, load limitation or power-off protection before a fault is formed.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to invent a modular expansion structure and an integrated electric energy metering and power distribution box to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a modular expansion structure and an integrated electric energy metering and power distribution box to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a modular expansion structure, comprising an expansion housing, an expansion module, a box-side interface, a module-side interface, a guiding positioning member, a locking and compressing mechanism, an elastic energy storage member, a locking detection assembly and a control unit; The expansion module can be installed into the mounting position of the expansion housing along a predetermined insertion direction. The guide positioning component is used to limit the insertion path of the expansion module and make the module side interface correspond and cooperate with the housing side interface. The locking and clamping mechanism is disposed on the expansion housing and is used to drive the module-side interface and the housing-side interface into a clamping and conducting state after the expansion module is inserted into the position. The elastic energy storage component is connected to the locking and clamping mechanism for continuously applying clamping force to the mating conductive part after locking; The locking detection component is used to detect the positioning status of the locking clamping mechanism; The control unit is electrically connected to the locking detection component and controls the conduction authorization of the corresponding circuit based on the access identification result of the expansion module and the detection result of the locking detection component.

[0007] Preferably, the enclosure-side interface includes a power receiving section and an auxiliary signal connection section, and the module-side interface includes a power insertion section corresponding to the power receiving section and a module signal connection section corresponding to the auxiliary signal connection section; the auxiliary signal connection section and the module signal connection section establish an electrical connection before the locking and clamping mechanism drives the power receiving section to press and conduct, so that the control unit can perform module identification, installation position matching judgment or access legality verification.

[0008] Preferably, the locking and clamping mechanism includes an operating component, an electrically controlled telescopic component, and a clamping component. The operating component is linked with the electrically controlled telescopic component, and the electrically controlled telescopic component drives the clamping component to act on the elastic energy storage component along the clamping direction. When the operating component switches from the unlocked position to the locked position, a predetermined clamping force is formed between the module-side interface and the housing-side interface.

[0009] Preferably, the elastic energy storage component is disposed between the clamping component and the housing side interface, and the elastic energy storage component is any one of a disc spring assembly, a compression spring, a wave spring, or a leaf spring; the elastic energy storage component remains under pressure after being locked by the locking clamping mechanism, so as to continuously provide compensating clamping force to the conductive contact parts of the module side interface and the housing side interface.

[0010] Preferably, the locking detection component is disposed at the end position of the locking clamping mechanism or on a component linked with the locking clamping mechanism. The locking detection component is any one of a micro switch, a limit switch, a magnetic induction switch, or a photoelectric detection switch. The control unit allows the corresponding extension circuit to enter the conduction state only when the locking detection component outputs a position signal.

[0011] Preferably, it further includes a displacement detection component, which is used to detect positional changes of the elastic energy storage component, the clamping component, or the component linked to both; the control unit determines the change in the crimping allowance of the conductive connection part based on the detection result of the displacement detection component, and outputs an abnormal prompt, restricts the operation of the circuit, or controls the circuit to disconnect when the detection value exceeds the preset range.

[0012] Preferably, the displacement detection component includes a magnetic component and a magnetic induction element. The magnetic component is disposed on the movable end of the elastic energy storage component, the clamping component, or a movable component linked thereto. The magnetic induction element is disposed on a fixed bracket or a circuit board. The control unit records the initial detection value when locking is completed and compares the real-time detection value during operation with the initial detection value to determine the trend of the pressing state change.

[0013] Preferably, it also includes a temperature detection device, which is disposed on the enclosure-side interface, module-side interface or its adjacent area, for detecting temperature information of conductive connection parts; the control unit judges the contact heating state of the extension circuit according to the temperature information, and outputs a warning signal or performs protection control when the temperature is abnormal.

[0014] Preferably, the control unit also acquires the current information of the corresponding extended circuit, and makes a comprehensive judgment on the current information, the detection result of the temperature detection element, and the detection result of the displacement detection component; when it is detected that the decrease in crimping allowance and the abnormal temperature rise occur at the same time, it is determined to be a state of deterioration of the conductive contact, and executes at least one control action among load limiting, prohibition of closing, or power failure protection.

[0015] The present invention also provides an integrated power metering and distribution box, including a box body and a modular expansion structure including the above-mentioned modular expansion structure disposed on the box body. The box body is provided with a metering circuit, a distribution circuit and a control circuit corresponding to the modular expansion structure. The control unit is used to perform access verification, locking confirmation, conduction authorization and operation status monitoring of the connected expansion modules.

[0016] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows: 1. This invention, by setting up a guide positioning component, an auxiliary signal connection part, a locking and clamping mechanism, a locking detection component, and a control unit, enables the access process of the expansion module to be completed in stages according to the sequence of "guided insertion - signal recognition - locking and clamping - authorized conduction". The auxiliary signal connection part establishes a connection before the power receiving part to complete module identification and installation position matching judgment. The locking and clamping mechanism drives the power receiving part into the clamping and conduction state only after the expansion module is inserted into place. The locking detection component detects whether the locking is in place. The control unit only allows the corresponding circuit to conduct when the identification is successful and the locking is in place. Through the above settings, the mechanical installation, module verification, and main power conduction actions in the existing component installation process are effectively separated. This avoids the expansion module from being mistakenly connected to a live circuit when it is not fully inserted, misaligned, or has insufficient contact pressure, thereby significantly improving the safety, accuracy, and reliability of modular expansion access.

[0017] 2. This invention provides a compensating clamping force to the module-side interface and the housing-side interface by setting an elastic energy storage component between the locking clamping mechanism and the conductive connection part, and utilizing the continuous pressure of the elastic energy storage component after locking to provide compensating clamping force. This allows the conductive contacts to maintain a relatively stable contact pressure even when affected by factors such as thermal expansion and contraction, insertion and removal wear, material creep, elastic decay, and vibration disturbance during long-term operation. This structure no longer relies solely on a one-time rigid clamping to establish conduction at the moment of insertion, but continuously compensates for changes in contact pressure through the elastic energy storage component. This effectively reduces the risk of increased contact resistance, local heating, and arcing erosion caused by a decrease in the clamping allowance at the conductive connection part, thereby improving the long-term operational stability of the expansion interface.

[0018] 3. This invention, by setting up a displacement detection component for detecting changes in the position of the elastic energy storage component or the clamping component, and further combining it with a temperature detection component set in the area adjacent to the interface, allows the control unit to comprehensively judge the changes in the crimping allowance, the temperature rise status of the interface, and the operating status of the circuit. This enables the modular expansion structure to not only complete the one-time confirmation of placement during installation, but also to continuously sense the contact deterioration trend of the conductive connection parts during operation. When a decrease in the crimping allowance, abnormal temperature rise, or both are detected, the control unit can output a warning signal and further execute load limiting, prohibition of closing, or power failure protection. Through the above settings, this invention achieves continuous monitoring of the long-term operating status of the expansion interface and early risk identification with low structural complexity, which is conducive to proactive intervention before a fault occurs, and improves the operational safety and intelligence level of the integrated power metering and distribution box. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the extended version of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the extended module structure of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the extended shell structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the enclosure-side interface and the module-side interface of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the extended structure of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the mechanism at point A.

[0026] In the diagram: 1. Expansion shell; 2. Expansion module; 3. Box side interface; 31. Power receiver; 32. Auxiliary signal connection; 4. Module side interface; 41. Power insertion part; 42. Module signal connection part; 5. Guide positioning component; 6. Locking and clamping mechanism; 61. Operating component; 62. Electrically controlled telescopic component; 63. Clamping component; 7. Elastic energy storage component; 8. Locking detection assembly; 9. Control unit; 10. Displacement detection assembly; 101. Magnetic component; 102. Magnetic induction element; 11. Temperature detection component; 12. Box; 13. Connecting slot. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] First Embodiment Please see Figures 1 to 7 As shown, this application aims to provide a modular expansion structure to solve the technical problem of existing modular power metering and distribution boxes where the insertion, locking, conduction, and identification verification actions are disconnected during the expansion module connection process, easily leading to incomplete insertion, misaligned connection, or erroneous power-on under insufficient crimping conditions. The core of this technical solution lies in establishing a phased connection structure between the expansion housing 1 and the expansion module 2, which involves guiding and positioning, identification and verification, locking and clamping, and finally authorized conduction. Furthermore, after reliable conduction is established, the changes in crimping allowance and contact deterioration trends of the conductive connection parts are continuously monitored, thereby balancing modular installation convenience, contact reliability, and operational safety.

[0029] In this embodiment, the modular expansion structure includes an expansion housing 1, an expansion module 2, a box-side interface 3, a module-side interface 4, a guide and positioning component 5, a locking and clamping mechanism 6, an elastic energy storage component 7, a locking detection component 8, and a control unit 9. The expansion housing 1 can be the main housing of an integrated power metering and distribution box, an internal mounting frame, or a compartment structure with standardized mounting positions. The expansion module 2 can be a meter position expansion module, a branch distribution module, a data acquisition and control module, a switch protection module, or an auxiliary function module. In other words, this application does not limit the specific functional form of the expansion module 2; as long as it forms a detachable connection with the expansion housing 1 through the modular expansion structure, the technical concept of this application can be applied.

[0030] In this embodiment, the expansion module 2 can be installed into the mounting position of the expansion housing 1 along a predetermined insertion direction. The guide positioning member 5 is used to limit the insertion path of the expansion module 2 and to make the module side interface 4 and the housing side interface 3 accurately correspond in spatial position.

[0031] It should be noted that the outer side of the expansion module 2 is provided with a connecting groove 13 that matches the guide positioning component 5. The existence of the guide positioning component 5 is not only for convenient insertion, but more importantly, it structurally restricts the free insertion action of the module to a standard safe action, thereby reducing the possibility of the module being inserted at an angle, with angular deviation, or incorrectly installed in a confined space. The guide positioning component 5 can be specifically implemented using a guide rail, guide groove, guide post, guide hole, dovetail slider, limiting frame, or a combination thereof.

[0032] In this embodiment, the housing-side interface 3 and the module-side interface 4 are respectively disposed on the expansion housing 1 and the expansion module 2. During the module insertion process, the guide positioning component 5 first constrains the posture of the expansion module 2, causing the module-side interface 4 to gradually move closer to the housing-side interface 3. However, at this time, the high-pressure crimping is not directly completed by relying on the insertion force, but the high-pressure conduction action is left to the subsequent locking and clamping mechanism 6. Thus, this application separates the insertion action and the reliable conduction action in a single push-in action in the conventional solution in terms of both time and mechanism.

[0033] It should be noted that after the expansion module 2 is inserted into the expansion housing 1, it can be locked to the expansion housing 1 by means of a snap-fit ​​structure to prevent the expansion module 2 from moving after insertion.

[0034] In this embodiment, the locking and clamping mechanism 6 is disposed on the expansion housing 1 and is used to drive the module-side interface 4 and the housing-side interface 3 into a clamping and conducting state after the expansion module 2 is inserted into the position. The elastic energy storage component 7 is connected to the locking and clamping mechanism 6 and is used to continuously apply clamping force to the mating conductive part after locking. The locking detection component 8 is used to detect the position of the locking and clamping mechanism 6. The control unit 9 is electrically connected to the locking detection component 8 and controls the conduction authorization of the corresponding circuit based on the access identification result of the expansion module 2 and the detection result of the locking detection component 8.

[0035] It should be noted that control unit 9 does not immediately allow the main circuit to be energized when expansion module 2 is inserted. Instead, it requires at least two conditions to be met: first, expansion module 2 must be identified as a legitimate module or matched to the current installation position; second, the locking and clamping mechanism 6 must have reached the predetermined locking position. Only when both conditions are met will control unit 9 output an enable signal, allowing the corresponding circuit to enter a conductive state. This structural and logical coordination effectively avoids erroneous connection and power-on problems caused by human error.

[0036] In this embodiment, the enclosure-side interface 3 includes a power receiving unit 31 and an auxiliary signal connection unit 32, and the module-side interface 4 includes a power insertion unit 41 that corresponds to and cooperates with the power receiving unit 31 and a module signal connection unit 42 that corresponds to and cooperates with the auxiliary signal connection unit 32. The auxiliary signal connection unit 32 and the module signal connection unit 42 establish an electrical connection before the locking and clamping mechanism 6 drives the power receiving unit 31 to clamp and conduct, so that the control unit 9 can perform module identification, installation position matching judgment or access legality verification.

[0037] In this embodiment, after the expansion module 2 is advanced to the predetermined position along the guide positioning member 5, a signal channel for the low-voltage layer is established first, rather than the main power channel carrying high current. The control unit 9 can read the pre-stored identity code, function category, phase sequence definition, position information, or authorization information inside the expansion module 2 through the signal link established between the auxiliary signal connection part 32 and the module signal connection part 42, and compare it with the configuration parameters corresponding to the current installation position. Only when the comparison result meets the preset rules will the control unit 9 allow the conduction authorization after the subsequent locking action to be established.

[0038] It should be noted that this structure and sequence design, which prioritizes low-voltage identification before high-voltage connection, significantly reduces the probability of incorrect connections during the connection process compared to the traditional method that relies solely on a single plug-in. Especially when the integrated power metering and distribution box has multiple installation positions and multiple module models configured in parallel, it effectively reduces problems such as module misalignment, incorrect metering channel correspondence, and phase sequence mismatch.

[0039] In this embodiment, the locking and clamping mechanism 6 includes an operating member 61, an electrically controlled telescopic member 62, and a clamping member 63. The operating member 61 is linked with the electrically controlled telescopic member 62, and the electrically controlled telescopic member 62 drives the clamping member 63 to act on the elastic energy storage member 7 and / or the module-side interface 4 along the clamping direction. When the operating member 61 switches from the unlocked position to the locked position, a predetermined clamping force is formed between the module-side interface 4 and the housing-side interface 3.

[0040] It should be noted that the operating component 61 can be a manually operated component such as a lever, flap, pressure handle, knob, eccentric handle, or rotatable locking arm; the electrically controlled telescopic component 62 can be a connecting rod, wedge, inclined block, eccentric wheel, slider, screw propeller, or cam drive; and the clamping component 63 can be a pressure plate, pressure block, conductive bridge clamping component, or pressing push block. After the operator pushes the expansion module 2 to the pre-installed position along the guide positioning component 5, only one locking action is needed on the operating component 61. The electrically controlled telescopic component 62 can then convert a small manual force into a large axial or radial clamping force, causing the clamping component 63 to push the corresponding conductive connection part into a reliable clamping state.

[0041] It should be noted that this application does not limit the specific form of the locking and clamping mechanism 6. The core is to establish a high-voltage relay for the main power contacts using a subsequent mechanical locking action independent of the insertion action. Specifically, the insertion stage can maintain low resistance to facilitate rapid module insertion; while the conduction stage can be achieved by applying higher contact pressure separately through the locking mechanism to ensure low contact resistance and long-term stable operation.

[0042] In this embodiment, the elastic energy storage component 7 is disposed between the clamping component 63 and the conductive connection portion. The elastic energy storage component 7 can be any one of a disc spring assembly, a compression spring, a wave spring, or a leaf spring. After the locking clamping mechanism 6 locks, the elastic energy storage component 7 remains in a compressed state to continuously provide compensating clamping force to the conductive contact portion between the module-side interface 4 and the housing-side interface 3.

[0043] It should be noted that in actual operating environments, the conductive contact points are not constant. Instead, they are affected by various factors such as thermal expansion after temperature rise, shrinkage after cooling, material surface wear, creep after prolonged stress, mechanical vibration disturbance, and contact elastic decay. If relying solely on a single rigid clamping at the moment of locking, the initial contact pressure may be sufficient, but it is prone to decrease during long-term use due to dimensional changes and slow contact point retraction. To address this, this application introduces an elastic energy storage component 7 into the clamping link, ensuring that it remains in a pressurized energy storage state after locking and continuously provides compensating clamping force to the conductive connection points, thereby extending the time the interface maintains a low contact resistance state.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment, the elastic energy storage element 7 adopts a disc spring assembly structure. The advantage of disc spring assemblies is that they can provide a large preload per unit axial stroke and have good elastic compensation capability for displacement changes within a certain range, making them suitable for modular distribution box interface scenarios where installation space is relatively compact but high clamping force is required. Of course, in other embodiments, the elastic energy storage element 7 can be replaced with a compression spring assembly, a stacked wave spring, or a leaf spring structure, depending on the conductive contact size, rated current level, and allowable installation space.

[0045] It should be noted that the expansion housing 1 is equipped with a limiting component that slides and limits the side interface 3 of the housing, and the side interface 3 of the housing can move under the action of the locking and clamping mechanism 6 and the elastic energy storage component 7.

[0046] In this embodiment, the locking detection component 8 is disposed at the end position of the locking clamping mechanism 6, or on a component linked to the locking clamping mechanism 6. The locking detection component 8 can be any one of a micro switch, limit switch, magnetic induction switch, or photoelectric detection switch. The control unit 9 allows the corresponding extension circuit to enter the conduction state only when the locking detection component 8 outputs a position signal.

[0047] In use, when the operating element 61 is moved to the locked position, the electrically controlled telescopic element 62 or the clamping element 63 linked to it will move to a predetermined endpoint position. The locking detection component 8 is arranged near or at the corresponding monitoring position of this endpoint position. The locking detection component 8 outputs a valid positioning signal only when the mechanism reaches the predetermined locking endpoint. After receiving this signal, the control unit 9 combines the identification result established by the aforementioned auxiliary signal connection part 32 and the module signal connection part 42 to finally decide whether to allow the power metering circuit or the power distribution circuit to be connected.

[0048] It should be noted that the aforementioned permission to conduct can be understood as either the control unit 9 issuing a permission signal to the intermediate relay, contactor, electronic switch, or circuit breaker, or the control unit 9 releasing a certain prohibited state, enabling the existing circuit to obtain the power-on condition. This application does not strictly limit the specific electrical execution form. Through a dual-condition authorization method of structural state confirmation + signal recognition confirmation, the reliable access state of the module and the power-on permission of the circuit form a closed-loop linkage, ensuring operational safety.

[0049] Second Embodiment Based on the first embodiment, in order to further solve the problem that the contact pressure of the extended module 2 gradually decreases due to factors such as thermal cycling, creep, wear, and vibration during long-term operation, and the existing structure is unable to detect this change in a timely manner, this embodiment further sets up a displacement detection component 10 to continuously detect the changes in the energy storage state of the clamping mechanism. The displacement detection component 10 is used to detect the positional changes of the elastic energy storage component 7, the clamping component 63, or the components linked to both. The control unit 9 judges the change in the crimping allowance of the conductive connection part based on the detection results of the displacement detection component 10, and outputs an abnormal prompt, restricts the operation of the circuit, or disconnects the control circuit when the detection value exceeds the preset range.

[0050] It should be noted that by detecting the displacement state of the elastic energy storage component 7 or its linkage components, the energy storage state and changes in the compression allowance can be indirectly reflected. Because, given a fixed mechanism design and known elastic component stiffness, the compression amount or corresponding displacement of the elastic energy storage component 7 is inherently strongly correlated with the contact compression state. By continuously tracking this displacement trend, continuous assessment of interface contact state degradation can be achieved with relatively low hardware complexity.

[0051] In this embodiment, the displacement detection component 10 includes a magnetic element 101 and a magnetic sensing element 102. The magnetic element 101 is disposed on the movable end of the elastic energy storage component 7, the clamping component 63, or a movable component linked thereto. The magnetic sensing element 102 is disposed on a fixed bracket or a circuit board. The control unit 9 records the initial detection value when locking is completed and compares the real-time detection value during operation with the initial detection value to determine the trend of the pressing state change.

[0052] When in use, the system considers the initial installation of the expansion module 2 and the locking clamping mechanism 6 to be in place as a "healthy initial state." The control unit 9 records the output value of the magnetic induction element 102 at this moment as a reference value. During subsequent long-term operation, if the clamping component experiences slight retraction due to factors such as wear of the conductive contacts, loosening of the mechanism, material creep, or elastic decay, the relative position between the magnetic component 101 and the magnetic induction element 102 will change, and the corresponding output value will also shift. By comparing the difference between the real-time detection value and the initial detection value, the control unit 9 can identify whether the clamping allowance is continuously decreasing.

[0053] It should be noted that the use of magnetic component 101 in conjunction with magnetic induction element 102 has advantages such as simple structure, convenient installation, small size, and strong anti-pollution ability, making it particularly suitable for installation in compact environments such as integrated power metering and distribution boxes, where dust and temperature rise are present. Of course, in other optional embodiments, displacement detection component 10 can also be a potentiometer-type displacement detection component, a capacitive proximity detection element, a Hall linear displacement detection structure, or a photoelectric displacement detection structure; this application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0054] In this embodiment, a temperature detection element 11 is also included. The temperature detection element 11 is disposed on the enclosure-side interface 3, the module-side interface 4, or their adjacent areas, and is used to detect the temperature information of the conductive connection parts; the control unit 9 judges the contact heating state of the extension circuit based on the temperature information, and outputs a warning signal or performs protection control when the temperature is abnormal.

[0055] It should be noted that while the displacement detection component 10 alone can sense the trend of changes in the crimping allowance, under certain operating conditions, such as a sudden increase in external load, abnormal changes in ambient temperature, or instantaneous changes in current flow conditions, displacement information alone cannot fully determine whether the contact state has entered a dangerous zone. Therefore, this application further arranges a temperature detection component 11 near the interface to monitor the actual thermal state of the conductive connection. The temperature detection component 11 can be a thermistor, a digital temperature sensor, a thermocouple, or a surface-mount temperature sensing element.

[0056] In this embodiment, the control unit 9 also acquires the current information of the corresponding extended circuit and makes a comprehensive judgment on the current information, the detection result of the temperature detection element 11, and the detection result of the displacement detection component 10. When it is detected that the crimping allowance decreases and abnormal temperature rise occurs at the same time, it is determined to be a state of deterioration of the conductive contact and executes at least one of the following control actions: load limiting, prohibition of closing, or power failure protection.

[0057] In this embodiment, the locking and clamping mechanism 6 and the elastic energy storage component 7 are used not only to establish the initial clamping and conduction state between the module-side interface 4 and the housing-side interface 3 during the installation of the expansion module 2, but also to dynamically adjust according to changes in the interface state during operation. The control unit 9 is electrically connected to the displacement detection component 10 and the temperature detection component 11, respectively, and controls the locking and clamping mechanism 6 and the elastic energy storage component 7 to change the current clamping state according to the detection results, so as to achieve differentiated adjustment for different states.

[0058] It should be noted that when the expansion module 2 and the expansion housing 1 are not connected, the length of the electrically controlled telescopic component 62 remains fixed at the initial length. However, when the expansion module 2 and the expansion housing 1 are connected, the operating component 61 drives the electrically controlled telescopic component 62 with a fixed length to move into the expansion housing 1, and pushes the clamping component 63 to move in the direction of the elastic energy storage component 7, thus completing the installation operation.

[0059] During operation, the electrically controlled telescopic component 62 can adjust its length according to the instructions of the control unit 9.

[0060] Specifically, after the expansion module 2 is plugged in and successfully identified, the locking and clamping mechanism 6 drives the clamping member 63 to move, compressing the elastic energy storage member 7 to its initial pre-tightened state, thereby establishing a first clamping force between the module-side interface 4 and the housing-side interface 3. The displacement detection component 10 is used to detect the compression, rebound, and deformation of the elastic energy storage member 7, and to detect the positional changes of the clamping member 63 and the electrically controlled telescopic member 62, which are linked with the locking and clamping mechanism 6 and the elastic energy storage member 7; the temperature detection component 11 is used to detect the temperature, temperature rise amplitude, and / or temperature rise rate of the interface area. The control unit 9 determines the current state of the interface based on the displacement detection results and the temperature detection results, and controls the locking and clamping mechanism 6 and / or the elastic energy storage member 7 to make corresponding adjustments.

[0061] When the displacement detection component 10 detects that the compression of the elastic energy storage component 7 is within the normal range, and the temperature detection component 11 detects that the interface temperature is within the allowable range, the control unit 9 maintains the locking clamping mechanism 6 in the first clamping position, and the elastic energy storage component 7 maintains the first pre-tightening state to maintain normal interface conduction.

[0062] When the displacement detection component 10 detects a decrease in the compression of the elastic energy storage component 7 relative to the reference state, indicating a downward trend in the interface clamping force, and the temperature detection component 11 detects a slight abnormal rise in the interface temperature, the control unit 9 determines the current state as an early deterioration state and controls the locking clamping mechanism 6 to adjust from the first clamping position to the second clamping position to further compress the elastic energy storage component 7, thereby increasing the interface clamping force and compensating for the decrease in contact pressure caused by relaxation, wear, or thermal cycling. After the adjustment is completed, the control unit 9 continues to read the detection results of the displacement detection component 10 and the temperature detection component 11 to confirm the clamping recovery effect.

[0063] When the displacement detection component 10 detects a further decrease in the compression of the elastic energy storage component 7, and the temperature detection component 11 detects a continuous increase in the interface temperature rise, the control unit 9 determines the current state as a medium-risk state. At this time, the control unit 9 can control the locking clamping mechanism 6 to enter the enhanced clamping position, and / or control the elastic energy storage component 7 to switch to a higher elastic compensation state to improve the interface holding force and compensation capability; at the same time, in order to suppress the further expansion of abnormal heating, the control unit 9 can also perform load limiting control on the corresponding circuit, prohibit the addition of new loads, and / or restrict new closing operations.

[0064] After the control unit 9 controls the locking clamping mechanism 6 and / or the elastic energy storage component 7 to complete the adjustment, if the displacement detection component 10 detects that the compression amount has returned to a safe range, and the temperature detection component 11 detects that the temperature rise tends to stabilize or decrease, the control unit 9 can maintain the current adjusted clamping state and output maintenance prompt information for subsequent maintenance.

[0065] If the displacement detection component 10 still detects that the clamping state has not been restored after the locking clamping mechanism 6 and the elastic energy storage component 7 have been adjusted, and / or the temperature detection component 11 detects that the interface temperature continues to rise to the dangerous threshold, then the control unit 9 determines that the interface is in a serious fault state and executes protection actions, including disconnecting the corresponding circuit, prohibiting the re-closing, outputting a fault alarm and locking the fault state.

[0066] In this way, the locking and clamping mechanism 6 and the elastic energy storage component 7 no longer function merely as static mechanical holding parts, but rather as actuators adjustable by the control unit 9, participating in the closed-loop control of the interface state. The control unit 9 drives the locking and clamping mechanism 6 and the elastic energy storage component 7 to perform different actions such as pressure replenishment, enhanced clamping, compensation reconfiguration, and fault release according to different operating states, thereby achieving dynamic differential adjustment for different risk stages.

[0067] By using this multi-parameter linkage judgment method of displacement, temperature and current, this application can not only provide protection when the fault has already manifested, but also give risk signals in the early stage of contact deterioration, thereby realizing the transformation from passive fault handling to proactive early warning maintenance.

[0068] Third Embodiment Based on the aforementioned modular expansion structure, this application also provides an integrated power metering and distribution box, which includes a box body 12 and at least one modular expansion structure as described in the preceding embodiments disposed on the box body 12. The box body 12 contains a metering circuit, a distribution circuit, and a control circuit corresponding to the modular expansion structure. The control unit 9 is used to perform access verification, locking confirmation, conduction authorization, and operational status monitoring on the connected expansion module 2.

[0069] In this embodiment, the enclosure 12 can be configured as a single-row or multi-row modular installation structure according to the application scenario, and multiple expansion installation positions can be configured simultaneously in the same enclosure. Each expansion installation position can be equipped with a corresponding enclosure side interface 3, guide positioning component 5, locking and clamping mechanism 6, and locking detection component 8. The control unit 9 can be a centralized control structure or a distributed control structure. A centralized control structure means that the identification, authorization, and status monitoring of multiple installation positions are uniformly completed by the same main control board; a distributed control structure means that local detection circuits are set near each expansion installation position, and then the data is uniformly collected by the main control system. This application does not impose strict limitations on this.

[0070] In actual use, the operator first aligns the expansion module 2 with the target mounting position on the expansion housing 1 and pushes it inward along the insertion path defined by the guide positioning component 5. Because the guide positioning component 5 constrains the module's posture and path, the module-side interface 4 will approach the housing-side interface 3 in the correct posture, avoiding oblique insertion, offset insertion, or misalignment and collision of the insertion ends. At this stage, the main power conductive parts have not yet been directly pressed together by a large interference amount, so the overall insertion force is relatively small, facilitating installation within the confined space of the distribution box.

[0071] Once the expansion module 2 is advanced to the predetermined position, the auxiliary signal connection unit 32 and the module signal connection unit 42 establish a connection first. Based on this, the control unit 9 reads the module information of the expansion module 2 and completes module identification, installation position matching judgment, or access legality verification. If the identification result is invalid, even if the control unit 9 detects a subsequent locking action, it will not issue a conduction authorization to the corresponding circuit, thereby preventing the erroneous module from being incorrectly connected to the system.

[0072] Once the identification is valid, the operator then performs a locking action on the operating component 61. The operating component 61, via the electrically controlled telescopic component 62, drives the clamping component 63 to establish a high pressure connection between the module-side interface 4 and the enclosure-side interface 3, which is maintained continuously by the elastic energy storage component 7. After the locking and clamping mechanism 6 reaches its endpoint, the locking detection component 8 outputs a signal indicating that it is in position. After simultaneously satisfying both the identity verification and locking conditions, the control unit 9 controls the corresponding metering circuit, power distribution circuit, or authorization circuit to enter a conductive state, completing the secure connection.

[0073] During subsequent long-term operation, the displacement detection component 10 continuously monitors the positional changes of the elastic energy storage component 7 or key components of the compression link to determine whether the crimping allowance has decreased; the temperature detection component 11 continuously monitors the temperature rise in the interface area; and the control unit 9 can also perform a comprehensive analysis of the interface operating status in conjunction with loop current information. When the system determines that a certain interface shows a crimping degradation trend or abnormal temperature rise, it can take measures in sequence such as graded alarms, interface prompts, remote uploads, load limiting operation, prohibition of reclosing, or forced power failure to prevent contact heating from further evolving into insulation failure or arcing and ablation accidents.

[0074] This invention integrates guidance and positioning, low-voltage identification, mechanical locking, elastic clamping, positioning detection, displacement monitoring, and temperature monitoring into a single modular expansion structure, forming an interface system with closed-loop management throughout its entire lifecycle, from access to operation. Compared to traditional methods that rely solely on plug-in, snap-fit, or screw-based simple installation, this application offers at least the following technical advantages: First, during the access phase, the priority identification of the guide positioning component 5 and the auxiliary signal connection part 32 can effectively reduce the risks of misaligned insertion, incorrect module access, and phase sequence mismatch. At the same time, by entrusting the high-pressure main power conduction action to the locking and clamping mechanism 6 to complete it alone, the action of low-resistance insertion and high-reliability conduction is separated, which improves the convenience of assembly and contact reliability.

[0075] Secondly, during the conduction establishment phase, the elastic energy storage component 7 provides continuous compensating clamping force, which can reduce the contact pressure attenuation caused by thermal cycling, wear and creep, and improve the long-term operational stability of the conductive interface; the locking detection component 8 realizes the locking position confirmation and is linked with the authorization logic of the control unit 9, which can prevent the module from accidentally entering the live circuit when it is not locked in place.

[0076] Furthermore, during operation, the displacement detection component 10 continuously monitors the changes in the crimping allowance, and combines this with the temperature detection component 11 and circuit current information for comprehensive judgment. This enables early identification, warning, and protection before contact deterioration leads to serious faults, thereby reducing the risks of contact heating, localized ablation, and insulation failure.

[0077] Therefore, the modular expansion structure and integrated power metering and distribution box of this application not only improve the installation efficiency and correctness of expansion module 2, but also significantly enhance the perceptibility and security of long-term interface operation. It is particularly suitable for low-voltage power metering and distribution equipment that requires flexible expansion of multiple modules and has high requirements for power supply reliability and metering accuracy.

[0078] Finally, it should be noted that the above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A modular expansion structure, characterized in that, It includes an expansion housing (1), an expansion module (2), a box-side interface (3), a module-side interface (4), a guide positioning component (5), a locking and clamping mechanism (6), an elastic energy storage component (7), a locking detection component (8), and a control unit (9); The expansion module (2) can be installed into the mounting position of the expansion housing (1) along a predetermined insertion direction. The guide positioning member (5) is used to limit the insertion path of the expansion module (2) and make the module side interface (4) correspond to and cooperate with the housing side interface (3). The locking and clamping mechanism (6) is disposed on the expansion housing (1) and is used to drive the module side interface (4) and the housing side interface (3) into a clamping and conducting state after the expansion module (2) is inserted into the housing. The elastic energy storage component (7) is connected to the locking and clamping mechanism (6) for continuously applying clamping force to the mating conductive part after locking; The locking detection component (8) is used to detect the positioning status of the locking clamping mechanism (6); The control unit (9) is electrically connected to the locking detection component (8) and controls the conduction authorization of the corresponding circuit based on the access identification result of the expansion module (2) and the detection result of the locking detection component (8).

2. The modular expansion structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The enclosure-side interface (3) includes a power receiving part (31) and an auxiliary signal connection part (32). The module-side interface (4) includes a power insertion part (41) that corresponds to the power receiving part (31) and a module signal connection part (42) that corresponds to the auxiliary signal connection part (32). The auxiliary signal connection part (32) and the module signal connection part (42) establish an electrical connection before the locking and clamping mechanism (6) drives the power receiving part (31) to clamp and conduct, so that the control unit (9) can perform module identification, installation position matching judgment or access legality verification.

3. The modular expansion structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The locking and pressing mechanism (6) includes an operating component (61), an electrically controlled telescopic component (62), and a pressing component (63). The operating component (61) is linked with the electrically controlled telescopic component (62). The electrically controlled telescopic component (62) drives the pressing component (63) to act on the elastic energy storage component (7) along the pressing direction. When the operating component (61) switches from the unlocked position to the locked position, a predetermined pressing force is formed between the module side interface (4) and the box side interface (3).

4. The modular expansion structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The elastic energy storage component (7) is disposed between the clamping component (63) and the box side interface (3). The elastic energy storage component (7) is any one of a disc spring assembly, a compression spring, a wave spring, or a leaf spring. After the locking clamping mechanism (6) locks, the elastic energy storage component (7) remains under pressure to continuously provide compensating clamping force to the conductive contact parts of the module side interface (4) and the box side interface (3).

5. The modular expansion structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The locking detection component (8) is located at the end position of the locking clamping mechanism (6) or on a component linked with the locking clamping mechanism (6). The locking detection component (8) is any one of a micro switch, a limit switch, a magnetic induction switch or a photoelectric detection switch. The control unit (9) allows the corresponding extension circuit to enter the conduction state only when the locking detection component (8) outputs a position signal.

6. The modular expansion structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a displacement detection component (10), which is used to detect the positional changes of the elastic energy storage component (7), the clamping component (63) or the component linked to both; the control unit (9) judges the change of the crimping allowance of the conductive connection part based on the detection result of the displacement detection component (10), and outputs an abnormal prompt, restricts the operation of the circuit or controls the circuit to disconnect when the detection value exceeds the preset range.

7. The modular expansion structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The displacement detection component (10) includes a magnetic component (101) and a magnetic induction element (102). The magnetic component (101) is disposed on the movable end of the elastic energy storage component (7), the clamping component (63) or a movable component linked thereto. The magnetic induction element (102) is disposed on a fixed bracket or a circuit board. The control unit (9) records the initial detection value when locking is completed and compares the real-time detection value during operation with the initial detection value to determine the trend of the pressing state change.

8. The modular expansion structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a temperature detection element (11), which is set on the box-side interface (3), the module-side interface (4) or their adjacent areas, for detecting the temperature information of the conductive connection parts; the control unit (9) judges the contact heating state of the extension circuit according to the temperature information, and outputs a warning signal or performs protection control when the temperature is abnormal.

9. The modular expansion structure according to claim 8, characterized in that, The control unit (9) also acquires the current information of the corresponding extended circuit and makes a comprehensive judgment on the current information, the detection result of the temperature detection element (11), and the detection result of the displacement detection component (10); when it is detected that the crimping allowance decreases and abnormal temperature rise occurs at the same time, it is determined to be a state of deterioration of the conductive contact and executes at least one of the following control actions: load limiting, prohibition of closing, or power failure protection.

10. An integrated power metering and distribution box, comprising a box body (12) and at least one modular expansion structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 9 disposed on the box body (12), characterized in that, The enclosure (12) is equipped with a metering circuit, a power distribution circuit and a control circuit corresponding to the modular expansion structure. The control unit (9) is used to perform access verification, lockout confirmation, conduction authorization and operation status monitoring on the accessed expansion module (2).

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