A catenary de-icing device and de-icing method

Abstract

The application discloses a catenary deicing device and a deicing method, and belongs to the technical field of catenary maintenance, the device comprises a fixing frame, a lifting plate, a knocking deicing assembly, a contact wire supporting mechanism, a deicing liquid spraying assembly and a lifting driving mechanism; the knocking deicing assembly and the contact wire supporting mechanism are integrated on the lifting plate, and the deicing liquid spraying assembly is installed on the contact wire supporting mechanism; the lifting driving mechanism adopts a combination structure of a servo push rod electric cylinder and a constant force counterweight mechanism, and can realize self-adaptive and accurate adjustment of the working height. The deicing method adopts a cooperative operation logic that the ice layer is softened by spraying and then broken by rotating and knocking, and the working height is adjusted in real time during the movement. The application realizes coupling and cooperation of spraying, stable line supporting and knocking, significantly improves the deicing efficiency, reduces the damage of the contact wire and the deicing liquid consumption, and has strong line adaptability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of railway catenary maintenance equipment technology, and in particular to a catenary de-icing device and de-icing method. Background Technology

[0002] The overhead contact system is the core power supply facility for electrified railways, and its operational reliability directly affects the safety and efficiency of railway transportation. In low-temperature rain and snow conditions during winter, ice easily forms on the surface of the contact wires. The ice layer increases the weight of the contact wires, changes their shape, and in severe cases, can lead to poor pantograph-catenary contact, arcing, or even power outages and line shutdowns.

[0003] Currently, railway overhead contact line de-icing mainly relies on two methods: manual de-icing and large-scale mechanical de-icing vehicles. Manual de-icing relies on operators using handheld tools such as de-icing shovels and hooks, which has drawbacks such as high labor intensity, low work efficiency, and high safety risks associated with working at heights. Large-scale mechanical de-icing vehicles use mechanical structures such as rotating brushes and scrapers to break up the ice layer. Although they are more efficient than manual de-icing, the overall equipment cost is high, maintenance is difficult, and they are not easily adapted to different sections and heights of the contact line, making them less adaptable to complex track environments.

[0004] Existing mechanical knocking de-icing technology requires significant impact force to break through dense ice layers, which not only easily causes scratches on the contact wire surface and metal fatigue, but also causes the contact wire to jump vertically when struck, resulting in a large amount of impact energy being buffered and dissipated by the contact wire displacement, significantly reducing the actual de-icing efficiency. De-icing liquid spraying technology requires large amounts of de-icing agent, resulting in slow de-icing speed, low operating efficiency, and potential environmental pollution. Furthermore, existing de-icing equipment often uses ordinary lead screws or hydraulic cylinders for height adjustment, which suffers from slow response and low control precision. If servo electric cylinders are used directly for high-precision adjustment, problems arise such as large upper load, high drive power, large lifting impact, and rapid accuracy decay over long-term operation, making it impossible to simultaneously achieve high-precision adjustment and low-energy operation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical objective of this invention is to provide a contact wire de-icing device and method that addresses the shortcomings of the prior art. This contact wire de-icing device and method improves de-icing efficiency through the coordinated operation of mechanical hammering and de-icing fluid spraying, and enhances line adaptability and operational stability through an adaptive lifting structure with constant force counterweight, thereby achieving efficient, low-cost, and highly adaptable contact wire de-icing operations.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is: A contact wire de-icing device includes a knocking de-icing component, a de-icing fluid spraying component, a contact wire support mechanism, a lifting drive mechanism, a fixed frame, and a lifting plate. The lifting plate is movably mounted on the upper part of the fixed frame via the lifting drive mechanism. Both the knocking de-icing component and the contact wire support mechanism are mounted on the lifting plate. The knocking de-icing component is used to rotate and knock away ice from the contact wire, and the contact wire support mechanism supports the contact wire to maintain line stability during de-icing operations. The de-icing fluid spraying component is mounted on the contact wire support mechanism and is used to spray de-icing fluid onto the contact wire. The lifting drive mechanism includes a servo push rod electric cylinder and a constant force counterweight mechanism. The servo push rod electric cylinder drives the lifting plate to move vertically up and down, and the constant force counterweight mechanism balances the lifting plate and the load on it.

[0007] The knocking de-icing assembly includes a servo motor, a bracket, a rotating shaft, and a rotating knocking unit. The bracket is fixed to a lifting plate, the rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the bracket via a bearing seat, the servo motor is fixed to the bracket and its output shaft is connected to the rotating shaft via a transmission connection. The rotating knocking unit includes a connecting sleeve, multiple connecting rods, and multiple knocking rods. The connecting sleeve is coaxially fixed to the rotating shaft, and the multiple knocking rods are evenly distributed along the circumference of the connecting sleeve. Each knocking rod is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting sleeve via at least one connecting rod.

[0008] The striking rod is provided with 3 rods, and the included angle between the axes of adjacent striking rods is 120°; each striking rod is connected to 3 connecting rods, and the 3 connecting rods are arranged at equal intervals along the axis of the connecting sleeve to form a truss support structure.

[0009] The contact wire support mechanism includes a support base, a support shaft, and a support roller; the support base is fixed to the lifting plate, the support shaft is horizontally installed on the upper part of the support base, and the support roller is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the support shaft. The top surface of the support roller is used to support the contact wire, and the top of the support roller is higher than the top surface of the support base; the contact wire support mechanism is located upstream of the knocking de-icing assembly along the operating direction.

[0010] The lifting drive mechanism also includes a guide structure, which includes a guide column and a guide sleeve. The guide sleeve is fixed to the top of the fixed frame, the guide column is vertically inserted into the guide sleeve, the upper end of the guide column is fixedly connected to the lifting plate, and the cylinder body of the servo push rod electric cylinder is fixed inside the fixed frame, with the push rod end extending upward through the fixed frame and connected to the lifting plate in a transmission manner.

[0011] The constant force counterweight mechanism includes a pulley, a transmission belt, a counterweight block, and a clamping plate. The pulley is installed on the top of the fixed frame, and the transmission belt is wound around the pulley. One end of the transmission belt is fixedly connected to the lower end of the guide column through the clamping plate, and the other end of the transmission belt is fixedly connected to the counterweight block. A support rod is vertically arranged inside the fixed frame, and the counterweight block is slidably sleeved on the support rod. The total weight of the counterweight block matches the total weight of the lifting plate and all the loads above it.

[0012] The de-icing fluid spray assembly includes at least one de-icing fluid nozzle, which is mounted on a contact wire support mechanism and connected to a de-icing fluid supply system via a pipeline.

[0013] It also includes an electrical control system and a height detection unit; the height detection unit is used to collect the height signal of the contact wire in real time and feed it back to the electrical control system; the electrical control system is electrically connected to the servo push rod electric cylinder, servo motor and de-icing fluid supply system respectively, and is used to adaptively adjust the height of the lifting plate according to the height signal, and control the start and stop sequence of the spraying and knocking actions.

[0014] The electrical control system is configured to execute the following timing logic: first, start the de-icing fluid spray assembly for pre-spraying, then start the knocking de-icing assembly for knocking operation; when stopping, first stop knocking, then stop spraying.

[0015] A method for de-icing overhead contact lines includes the following steps: S1. Height adaptive adjustment: The lifting plate is raised and lowered by the lifting drive mechanism, so that the contact wire support mechanism supports the contact wire and the height of the striking working surface of the striking de-icing component matches that of the contact wire. S2. Spray pretreatment: Start the de-icing fluid spray assembly to spray de-icing fluid onto the icy surface of the contact line to wet and soften the ice layer, thereby breaking down the ice layer's crystalline structure and adhesion. S3, Rotary knocking de-icing: Activate the knocking de-icing component, and continuously knock the ice layer on the contact line by rotating the knocking rod, and complete the de-icing operation in conjunction with the action of de-icing fluid; S4. Follow-up operation: As the equipment moves along the extension direction of the contact line, it detects the height of the contact line in real time and adaptively adjusts the position of the lifting plate to maintain the stability of the de-icing operation.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the contact wire de-icing device and method of the present invention have the following outstanding advantages: This invention integrates a contact wire support mechanism, a de-icing fluid spraying assembly, and a rotary hammering assembly onto a single lifting platform, forming a coordinated operational sequence. It achieves a positive closed loop: stabilizing the wire to ensure accuracy → spraying to reduce the difficulty of breaking the ice → and hammering for efficient de-icing. This simultaneously realizes triple benefits: improved de-icing efficiency, reduced contact wire damage, and reduced de-icing fluid consumption. The support and hammering synergy: The upstream support roller pre-supports the contact wire, limiting its vertical runout to the millimeter level. This prevents the hammering force from being consumed by the contact wire displacement, ensuring that almost all hammering energy is applied to the ice layer, effectively increasing hammering efficiency by over 40%. Simultaneously, the stable position of the contact wire eliminates the risk of uneven hammering and scratching. The spraying and hammering synergy: First, a small amount of de-icing fluid is used to wet the ice layer, disrupting its internal crystalline structure and reducing its cohesion and adhesion to the contact wire by over 30%. Then, a lower hammering impact force is sufficient to completely peel off the ice layer. Compared to pure mechanical hammering, the impact force can be reduced by 30%, further minimizing mechanical damage to the contact wire; compared to pure spray de-icing, the amount of de-icing fluid used can be reduced by more than 60%, significantly reducing operating costs and environmental impact. Support and spraying work in tandem: The stable contact wire position ensures a constant spray angle and distance from the spray nozzles, allowing the de-icing fluid to precisely cover the icing area, avoiding ineffective spraying and further improving de-icing fluid utilization.

[0017] This invention combines the active drive of a servo push rod electric cylinder with the passive balance of a constant force counterweight mechanism, overcoming the technical bias of the incompatibility between high precision and low energy consumption in existing technologies. It achieves fast response, high precision, and low energy consumption in adaptive lifting. Driving energy consumption is significantly reduced: The constant force counterweight, through a pulley-transmission belt structure, offsets the static weight of the lifting plate and all upper working parts in real time. This allows the servo push rod electric cylinder to drive the lifting only by overcoming motion inertia and a small amount of frictional resistance. Driving power and energy consumption are reduced by more than 50% compared to pure servo drive solutions, significantly reducing the equipment's power supply load. Lifting response speed is significantly improved: Since the servo push rod does not bear the main load, its height adjustment lag time is shortened by 70%, enabling rapid response to height fluctuations in the contact wire. Especially in sections with large height changes, it can always maintain accurate working position and avoid de-icing blind spots. Position control accuracy is significantly improved: With reduced load, the servo push rod's running vibration and impact are significantly reduced. Height control accuracy can reach ±1mm, far exceeding traditional lifting solutions. It can precisely control the striking depth of the striking rod and the spray distance of the nozzle, ensuring consistent de-icing effects.

[0018] The adaptive lifting system of this invention is deeply coupled with the de-icing execution end: the height of the contact wire is fed back in real time through the height detection unit, and the electrical control system adjusts the position of the lifting plate in a closed loop to always keep the supporting force of the support roller, the striking linear speed of the striking rod, and the spraying distance of the nozzle in the optimal working range. This ensures that the de-icing effect remains stable and consistent during the equipment's operation, regardless of how the height of the contact wire fluctuates. This solves the industry pain point of uneven de-icing quality of traditional de-icing equipment under complex line conditions.

[0019] The overall equipment adopts a modular integrated design, with the core de-icing and lifting units integrated on a fixed frame. It can be directly mounted on various rail operation platforms and overhead contact line operation vehicles without the need for large-scale vehicle modifications, and the deployment cost is far lower than that of large-scale dedicated de-icing vehicles. At the same time, each module is independently detachable, making maintenance and replacement convenient and significantly reducing the total life cycle cost of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Appendix Figure 1 This is a diagram showing the operational status of the overhead contact line de-icing equipment; Appendix Figure 2 This is a 3D view of the overhead contact line de-icing equipment; Appendix Figure 3 This is a side view of the overhead contact line de-icing equipment; Appendix Figure 4 yes Figure 3 The AA section view shown; Appendix Figure 5 This is a 3D view of the internal structure of the fixing frame in the overhead contact line de-icing equipment; Appendix Figure 6 It is a 3D diagram of the de-icing component being struck; Appendix Figure 7 This is a top view of the de-icing assembly being struck; Appendix Figure 8 yes Figure 7 The BB section view shown; Appendix Figure 9 This is a 3D view of the contact wire support mechanism; Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Fixed frame; 2. Lifting plate; 3. Knocking and de-icing assembly; 31. Servo motor; 32. Bracket; 33. Rotating shaft; 34. Rotating knocking unit; 341. Connecting sleeve; 342. Connecting rod; 343. Knocking rod; 35. Bearing with seat; 4. Contact line support mechanism; 41. Support seat; 42. Support shaft; 43. Support roller; 51. De-icing fluid nozzle; 52. Vehicle-mounted de-icing fluid supply system; 6. Lifting drive mechanism; 61. Servo push rod electric cylinder; 62. Constant force counterweight mechanism; 621. Pulley; 622. Transmission belt; 623. Counterweight block; 624. Clamping plate; 625. Support rod; 63. Guide structure; 631. Guide column; 632. Guide sleeve; 7. Electrical control system; 8. Contact line. Detailed Implementation

[0021] Refer to the instruction manual appendix Figure 1 To be continued Figure 9 The following is a detailed description of a contact wire de-icing device and de-icing method according to the present invention.

[0022] The present invention discloses a contact wire de-icing device, which is mounted on the working platform of a rail work vehicle and mainly includes a fixed frame 1, a lifting plate 2, a knocking de-icing component 3, a contact wire support mechanism 4, a de-icing fluid spraying component, a lifting drive mechanism 6, an electrical control system 7, and a height detection unit.

[0023] The mounting frame 1 serves as the load-bearing base for the equipment. It is made of welded aluminum alloy profiles and features a lightweight design. The bottom is bolted to the work vehicle platform. The lifting platform 2 is a horizontally arranged rectangular plate located directly above the mounting frame 1. Vertical lifting adjustment is achieved through the lifting drive mechanism 6.

[0024] The knocking de-icing assembly 3 is installed on one side of the upper surface of the lifting plate 2, and includes a servo motor 31, a bracket 32, a rotating shaft 33, and a rotating knocking unit 34. The bracket 32 ​​is a vertical metal frame, and its bottom is fixed to the lifting plate 2 by bolts. Two bearings 35 with seats are symmetrically installed on the upper part of the bracket 32, and the rotating shaft 33 is horizontally inserted into the two bearings 35, allowing it to rotate freely around its own axis. The servo motor 31 is fixed to the outer wall of the bracket 32 ​​by a motor mount, and its output shaft is coaxially fixed to one end of the rotating shaft 33 by a coupling, providing rotational power to the rotating shaft 33.

[0025] The rotating striking unit 34 includes a connecting sleeve 341, connecting rods 342, and striking rods 343. The connecting sleeve 341 is a cylindrical structure, coaxially sleeved and fixed to the middle of the rotating shaft 33 by a key connection. In this embodiment, a total of 3 striking rods 343 are provided, evenly distributed along the circumference of the connecting sleeve 341, with the included angle between the axes of two adjacent striking rods 343 being 120°; each striking rod 343 is connected to 3 corresponding connecting rods 342, and the 3 connecting rods 342 are arranged at equal intervals along the axial direction of the connecting sleeve 341. One end of the connecting rod 342 is welded and fixed to the outer wall of the connecting sleeve 341, and the other end is welded and fixed to the rod body of the striking rod 343, forming a stable truss-type connection structure to ensure structural rigidity and operational stability during the striking process.

[0026] The contact line support mechanism 4 is located upstream of the de-icing assembly 3 along the operating direction and includes a support base 41, a support shaft 42, and a support roller 43. The support base 41 is a block-shaped metal seat, its bottom fixed to the lifting plate 2. The support shaft 42 is horizontally fixed to the upper part of the support base 41, its axis parallel to the rotating shaft 33. The support roller 43 is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the support shaft 42 via a deep groove ball bearing. The circumferential surface of the support roller 43 is a smooth, wear-resistant surface, and its top surface supports the bottom of the contact line. The top height of the support roller 43 is higher than the top surface of the support base 41, ensuring that the contact line 8 only contacts the support roller 43, avoiding frictional interference with the support base 41. During operation, the support roller 43 passively rotates with the equipment's movement, forming a vertical limit on the contact line 8, suppressing contact line jumps during the knocking process, and ensuring that the knocking energy effectively acts on the ice layer.

[0027] The de-icing fluid spray assembly includes two de-icing fluid nozzles 51, each employing a fan-shaped atomizing nozzle design. These nozzles are symmetrically positioned on both sides of the contact line and fixedly mounted on the side wall of the support base 41. The spray direction is obliquely upwards, aimed at the icing area on the lower surface of the contact line 8. The inlet end of the de-icing fluid nozzle 51 is connected to the on-board de-icing fluid supply system 52 via a cryogenic infusion pipeline. The de-icing fluid supply system consists of a storage tank, a pressure pump, and a control valve, and can supply de-icing fluid at a constant pressure to the nozzles.

[0028] The lifting drive mechanism 6 is located between the fixed frame 1 and the lifting plate 2, and includes a servo push rod electric cylinder 61, a constant force counterweight mechanism 62, and a guide structure 63. The guide structure 63 includes four guide columns 631 and four guide sleeves 632. The four guide sleeves 632 are vertically fixed to the top plate of the fixed frame 1, and the four guide columns 631 slide through their respective guide sleeves 632. The upper ends of the guide columns 631 are fixedly connected to the lower surface of the lifting plate 2 via flanges, providing precise vertical guidance for the lifting movement of the lifting plate 2, preventing lateral deviation, and ensuring the stability of the lifting process. The servo push rod electric cylinder 61 is vertically arranged at the center of the fixed frame 1. The bottom of the cylinder body is fixed to the bottom plate of the fixed frame 1, and the upper end of the push rod extends upward through the top plate of the fixed frame 1 and is fixedly connected to the center of the lower surface of the lifting plate 2. Through the extension and retraction of the servo push rod electric cylinder 61, the lifting plate 2 is directly pushed up and down along the guide columns 631, achieving precise adjustment of the working height.

[0029] The constant force counterweight mechanism 62 includes a pulley 621, a transmission belt 622, a counterweight block 623, and a clamping plate 624. The pulley 621 is installed at the upper edge of the top surface of the fixed frame, and the transmission belt 622 is wound around the groove of the pulley 621. One end of the transmission belt 622 is clamped and fixed to the lower end of the guide column 631 by the clamping plate 624, and the other end hangs down into the interior of the fixed frame 1 and is fixedly connected to the top of the counterweight block 623. A cylindrical support rod 625 is vertically fixed inside the fixed frame 1. The counterweight block 623 has a sliding hole that mates with the support rod 625. The counterweight block 623 is slidably sleeved on the support rod 625 and can slide smoothly vertically along the support rod 625. The total weight of the counterweight 623 matches the total weight of the upper load, such as the lifting plate 2, the knocking de-icing assembly 3, and the contact line support mechanism 4. The constant force lifting is formed by the transmission of the pulley 621 and the transmission belt 622, which offsets most of the load weight, thereby greatly reducing the drive load of the servo push rod electric cylinder 61 and improving the lifting response speed and smoothness of operation.

[0030] The height detection unit uses a laser displacement sensor, installed on the side of the support base 41, with a sampling frequency of no less than 50Hz. It is used to collect the height signal of the contact wire 8 in real time and feed it back to the electrical control system 7. The electrical control system 7 is electrically connected to the servo motor 31, the servo push rod cylinder 61, the de-icing fluid pressurization pump, and the height detection unit. The electrical control system 7 can adjust the output of the servo push rod cylinder 61 in real time according to the feedback signal from the height detection unit, achieving closed-loop precise height control. Simultaneously, it can control the start and stop sequence of spraying and tapping actions, executing a coordinated operation logic of "spraying first, then tapping." When stopping, it executes the sequence of "stopping tapping first, then stopping spraying," avoiding tapping before the ice layer softens or wasting de-icing fluid by spraying dry.

[0031] This embodiment also provides a method for de-icing a contact wire using the above-mentioned equipment. The specific steps are as follows: S1, Height adaptive adjustment: The equipment is mounted on a rail work vehicle. After traveling to the section to be de-iced, the electrical control system starts the servo push rod cylinder 61 to drive the lifting plate 2 to rise. After the support roller 43 of the contact wire support mechanism 4 contacts and supports the contact wire 8, the height detection unit provides real-time feedback on the height of the contact wire 8. The servo push rod cylinder 61 finely adjusts the position of the lifting plate 2 so that the rotation trajectory of the striking rod 343 matches the height of the contact wire 8, ensuring that the striking force is effectively applied to the ice layer. S2, Spray pretreatment: The de-icing fluid supply system is turned on. The pressurized de-icing fluid is atomized and sprayed onto the icy surface of the contact wire through the de-icing fluid nozzle 51. The de-icing fluid penetrates the interior of the ice layer, destroys the crystalline structure of the ice layer, reduces the cohesion of the ice layer and its adhesion to the contact wire, and completes the softening pretreatment. Under normal working conditions, the pre-spraying time is 1-2 seconds, which can be adaptively adjusted according to the thickness of the ice layer. S3. Rotary Tapping De-icing: After pre-spraying, the servo motor 31 is started, driving the rotating tapping unit 34 to rotate at a constant speed via the rotating shaft 33. The three tapping rods 343 periodically tap the ice layer on the contact line in sequence. Under the combined action of mechanical impact and de-icing fluid, the ice layer quickly breaks and falls off, completing the de-icing operation of a single section of the line. S4. Continuous Follow-up Operation: As the track maintenance vehicle moves at a constant speed along the line, the height detection unit collects the contact line height in real time. The electrical control system controls the extension and retraction of the servo push rod electric cylinder 61 in a closed loop, adaptively adjusting the height of the lifting plate 2. This ensures that the supporting roller 43, the striking speed of the tapping rods 343, and the spraying distance of the de-icing fluid nozzle 51 are always within the optimal working range, achieving continuous and stable de-icing of the entire line and ensuring consistent de-icing effects in different height sections.

[0032] The embodiments listed above are for understanding the present invention only and are not intended to limit the technical solutions described in the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications based on the technical solutions described in the claims, and all equivalent changes or modifications should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention. Any aspects not detailed in the present invention are well-known techniques to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A contact wire de-icing device, comprising a knocking de-icing component and a fixing frame, wherein the knocking de-icing component is mounted on the fixing frame, characterized in that: It also includes a contact wire support mechanism, a lifting drive mechanism, a de-icing fluid spray assembly, and a lifting plate. The lifting plate is movably mounted on the upper part of the fixed frame via the lifting drive mechanism. The knocking de-icing assembly and the contact wire support mechanism are both mounted on the lifting plate. The knocking de-icing assembly is used to rotate and knock the contact wire to remove ice, and the contact wire support mechanism is used to support the contact wire to maintain line stability during de-icing operations. The de-icing fluid spray assembly is mounted on the contact wire support mechanism and is used to spray de-icing fluid onto the contact wire. The lifting drive mechanism includes a servo push rod electric cylinder and a constant force counterweight mechanism. The servo push rod electric cylinder is used to drive the lifting plate to move vertically up and down, and the constant force counterweight mechanism is used to balance the lifting plate and the load on the lifting plate.

2. The contact wire de-icing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The knocking de-icing assembly includes a servo motor, a bracket, a rotating shaft, and a rotating knocking unit. The bracket is fixed to a lifting plate, the rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the bracket via a bearing seat, the servo motor is fixed to the bracket and its output shaft is connected to the rotating shaft via a transmission connection. The rotating knocking unit includes a connecting sleeve, multiple connecting rods, and multiple knocking rods. The connecting sleeve is coaxially fixed to the rotating shaft, and the multiple knocking rods are evenly distributed along the circumference of the connecting sleeve. Each knocking rod is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting sleeve via at least one connecting rod.

3. The contact wire de-icing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The striking rod is provided with 3 rods, and the included angle between the axes of adjacent striking rods is 120°; each striking rod is connected to 3 connecting rods, and the 3 connecting rods are arranged at equal intervals along the axis of the connecting sleeve to form a truss support structure.

4. The contact wire de-icing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The contact wire support mechanism includes a support base, a support shaft, and a support roller; the support base is fixed to the lifting plate, the support shaft is horizontally installed on the upper part of the support base, and the support roller is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the support shaft. The top surface of the support roller is used to support the contact wire, and the top of the support roller is higher than the top surface of the support base; the contact wire support mechanism is located upstream of the knocking de-icing assembly along the operating direction.

5. The contact wire de-icing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting drive mechanism also includes a guide structure, which includes a guide column and a guide sleeve. The guide sleeve is fixed to the top of the fixed frame, the guide column is vertically inserted into the guide sleeve, the upper end of the guide column is fixedly connected to the lifting plate, and the cylinder body of the servo push rod electric cylinder is fixed inside the fixed frame, with the push rod end extending upward through the fixed frame and connected to the lifting plate in a transmission manner.

6. The contact wire de-icing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The constant force counterweight mechanism includes a pulley, a transmission belt, a counterweight block, and a clamping plate. The pulley is installed on the top of the fixed frame, and the transmission belt is wound around the pulley. One end of the transmission belt is fixedly connected to the lower end of the guide column through the clamping plate, and the other end of the transmission belt is fixedly connected to the counterweight block. A support rod is vertically arranged inside the fixed frame, and the counterweight block is slidably sleeved on the support rod. The total weight of the counterweight block matches the total weight of the lifting plate and all the loads above it.

7. A contact wire de-icing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The de-icing fluid spray assembly includes at least one de-icing fluid nozzle, which is mounted on a contact wire support mechanism and connected to a de-icing fluid supply system via a pipeline.

8. The contact wire de-icing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes an electrical control system and a height detection unit; the height detection unit is used to collect the height signal of the contact wire in real time and feed it back to the electrical control system; the electrical control system is electrically connected to the servo push rod electric cylinder, servo motor and de-icing fluid supply system respectively, and is used to adaptively adjust the height of the lifting plate according to the height signal, and control the start and stop sequence of the spraying and knocking actions.

9. A contact wire de-icing device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The electrical control system is configured to execute the following timing logic: first, start the de-icing fluid spray assembly for pre-spraying, then start the knocking de-icing assembly for knocking operation; when stopping, first stop knocking, then stop spraying.

10. A method for de-icing overhead contact lines, employing the overhead contact line de-icing equipment according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Height adaptive adjustment: The lifting plate is raised and lowered by the lifting drive mechanism, so that the contact wire support mechanism supports the contact wire and the height of the striking working surface of the striking de-icing component matches that of the contact wire. S2. Spray pretreatment: Start the de-icing fluid spray assembly to spray de-icing fluid onto the icy surface of the contact line to wet and soften the ice layer, thereby breaking down the ice layer's crystalline structure and adhesion. S3, Rotary knocking de-icing: Activate the knocking de-icing component, and continuously knock the ice layer on the contact line by rotating the knocking rod, and complete the de-icing operation in conjunction with the action of de-icing fluid; S4. Follow-up operation: As the equipment moves along the extension direction of the contact line, it detects the height of the contact line in real time and adaptively adjusts the position of the lifting plate to maintain the stability of the de-icing operation.

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