A kind of string photovoltaic inverter cable fireproof plugging system and method

Abstract

This invention discloses a fireproof sealing system and method for string photovoltaic inverter cables, belonging to the field of photovoltaic power generation and electrical safety technology. The system utilizes an interface state acquisition module to synchronously collect and align the temperature, pressure, axial displacement, radial displacement, and edge contact stress of the sealing interface, obtaining monitoring records. An interface offset judgment module compares and aggregates real-time data with baseline data to generate a structured description of interface changes. A sealing risk classification module assigns multi-parameter deviations to risk zones and encodes them sequentially, obtaining risk zone identifiers. A sealing structure generation module, based on these identifiers and considering hole dimensions, cable quantity, and gap distribution, performs layered response design and conflict verification for the expansion material layer, compensation filling layer, and compression component layer, outputting a structure list and layout scheme. Finally, a sealing control output module, combining operating conditions and current carrying capacity, generates operating constraint statements to obtain fireproof sealing control conclusions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation and electrical safety technology, and in particular to a fireproof sealing system and method for string photovoltaic inverter cables. Background Technology

[0002] Cable fireproofing technology is widely used in power systems, new energy power generation equipment, and related supporting facilities. Its core principle is to establish a fire-retardant, fire-resistant, and sealing structural system at openings formed by cables passing through equipment housings, walls, and other structures, meeting requirements for fire integrity and structural airtightness. Specifically, the string photovoltaic inverter cable fireproofing system is used to fire-seal the DC and AC cable entry points at the inverter housing or installation interface. This typically involves installing fireproof sealing components matching the cable's outer diameter and flame-retardant filling material inside the cable entry hole to fill the gaps and form a sealing structure.

[0003] Existing sealing methods mainly rely on static material filling and one-time compression, which has significant drawbacks: after sealing, there is a lack of continuous sensing capabilities for temperature changes, material compression and rebound, and cable displacement. In scenarios with multiple cables being concentrated in the hole and fluctuating operating conditions, the sealing interface is prone to local loosening, stress imbalance, or heat accumulation. It is also difficult to accurately distinguish the location and extent of the problem, leading to delayed maintenance judgment. The fireproof sealing performance gradually decreases over time. Under high load or environmental temperature difference conditions, the hidden dangers are further amplified and spread, which can easily lead to sealing failure and chain risks, increasing the uncertainty of operation and maintenance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in the related art.

[0005] To address this, the present invention discloses a fireproof sealing system for string photovoltaic inverter cables. The system utilizes an interface status acquisition module to synchronously collect and align the temperature, pressure, axial displacement, radial displacement, and edge contact stress of the sealing interface, obtaining monitoring records. An interface offset determination module compares and aggregates real-time data with baseline data to generate a structured description of interface changes. A sealing risk classification module assigns various deviations to risk zones and encodes them sequentially, obtaining risk zone identifiers. A sealing structure generation module, based on these identifiers and considering hole dimensions, cable quantity, and gap distribution, performs layered response design and conflict verification for the expansion material layer, compensation filling layer, and compression component layer, outputting a structure list and layout scheme. Finally, a sealing control output module, combining operating conditions and current carrying capacity, generates operating constraint statements after matching and verification, yielding fireproof sealing control conclusions.

[0006] Another objective of this invention is to provide a fireproof sealing method for string photovoltaic inverter cables.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a fireproof sealing system for string photovoltaic inverter cables, comprising:

[0008] The interface status acquisition module is used to synchronously acquire the temperature, pressure, axial displacement, radial displacement and edge contact stress of the cable perforation sealing interface of the string photovoltaic inverter, and to perform validity verification, direction consistency verification and same period data alignment on the acquired signals to obtain the sealing interface monitoring record. The interface offset determination module is connected to the interface status acquisition module. It is used to call the sealing interface monitoring records, and to align and perform difference calculations on the real-time data with the reference data of the same well location to obtain multi-parameter offset results and aggregate them to generate a structured description of the sealing interface changes. The sealing risk classification module, connected to the interface offset determination module, is used to receive the sealing interface change description, assign the temperature deviation, pressure difference, axial displacement difference, radial displacement difference and stress change difference in the sealing interface change description to the preset risk segment respectively, and encode them in a predetermined order to obtain the sealing risk segment identifier. The plugging structure generation module, connected to the plugging risk classification module, is used to receive the plugging risk section identification and, based on the plugging risk section identification combined with the hole size, cable quantity and gap distribution, perform layered response design and conflict verification on the expansion material layer, compensation filling layer and clamping component layer to obtain the hole-level structure list and plugging structure layout scheme. The blocking control output module is connected to the blocking structure generation module. It is used to receive the blocking structure layout scheme, read the inverter operating conditions and cable current carrying conditions, extract the load segmentation label and temperature rise correlation label, perform matching verification, generate operating constraint statements, and obtain the cable fireproof blocking control conclusion.

[0009] In one embodiment of the present invention, the interface state acquisition module includes: The channel signal verification module is used to determine the effectiveness of the pressure channel based on the temperature deviation value and the pressure range ratio; The displacement consistency verification module is used to make consistency judgments based on the axial displacement increment and direction identification value, and to correct the abnormal sensitivity of radial displacement based on the radial deviation value and a weighting coefficient constructed by combining the temperature deviation value and the pressure range ratio. The synchronous record generation module is used to align the signals from each sensor with a unified timestamp and write them into the same borehole location record to generate a monitoring record for the sealing interface.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present invention, in the channel signal verification module: the temperature deviation value is ΔT = Tt -T0, the pressure range ratio is ηP = Pt / Pmax; the channel validity judgment rule is: ηP ≤ 0.85 is the effective acquisition area, 0.85 < ηP ≤ 1.00 is the critical warning area, and ηP > 1.00 triggers an abnormal flag.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, in the displacement consistency verification module: radial deviation value ΔXr = |Xr -Xr0|; weighting coefficient ω = a·(ΔT / Tref) + b·ηP, where a+b=1.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, the interface offset determination module includes: The interface record alignment module is used to align the temperature, pressure, axial displacement, radial displacement, and stress reference values ​​of the same hole position with the current monitoring record item by item; The multi-source reference difference module is used to calculate temperature difference, pressure difference, axial displacement difference, radial displacement difference, and stress difference, forming a channel offset difference set; The interface change characterization module is used to aggregate the regions corresponding to each difference based on the channel offset difference set, and output a structured description of the blockage interface change.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, the blocking risk classification module includes: The blocking interface module is used to perform unified coordinate mapping on the blocking interface and extract the interface undulation and overall offset. The segment attribution module is used to divide risk segments according to preset threshold rules for each changing parameter. The sequential coding module is used to encode the sections according to the results of temperature, pressure, axial displacement, radial displacement and stress, forming the identification of the blockage risk section.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, the preset threshold rule in the segment attribution submodule is as follows: Temperature deviation ranges: 0≤ΔT<10℃ is A1, 10≤ΔT<15℃ is A2, 15≤ΔT<25℃ is A3, and ΔT≥25℃ is A4; Pressure difference range: 0≤ΔP<1MPa is B1, 1≤ΔP<2MPa is B2, 2≤ΔP<3MPa is B3, ΔP≥3MPa is B4; Axial displacement ranges: 0≤|ΔXa|<5mm is C1, 5≤|ΔXa|<10mm is C2, 10≤|ΔXa|<15mm is C3, and |ΔXa|≥15mm is C4; Radial displacement range: 0≤ΔXr<0.5mm is D1, 0.5≤ΔXr<1.0mm is D2, 1.0≤ΔXr<2.0mm is D3, and ΔXr≥2.0mm is D4; Stress variation zones: 0≤Δσ<5MPa is E1, 5≤Δσ<10MPa is E2, 10≤Δσ<15MPa is E3, and Δσ≥15MPa is E4.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present invention, the blocking structure generation module includes: The risk identification module is used to determine the risk concentration area based on the borehole position parameters and risk section number, and generate a set of risk section numbers; The layered response module is used to perform layered response design for the expansion material layer, compensation filling layer, and clamping component layer based on the risk section number set. The conflict checking module is used to check the spatial relationship between the three layers. When a conflict occurs, it is corrected according to the preset priority, where the priority is: the expansion material layer takes precedence over the compensation filling layer, and the compensation filling layer takes precedence over the compression component layer.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present invention, in the hierarchical response submodule: The expansion material is selected from one or more of the following: expanded graphite tape, expanded fireproof wrapping sheet, flame-retardant expanded sealing ring, and foamed fireproof sealing strip; when the temperature zone is A1 or A2, it is arranged in the edge zone, and when it is A3 or A4, it is laid in a ring around all holes. The compensating filling material is selected from one or more of the following: fireproof sealant, inorganic fireproof sealant, flexible ceramic fiber filler strip, flame-retardant elastic sealant, and silicone rubber fire-resistant filler layer; local filling is used in pressure zone B1 and radial zone D1, continuous circumferential filling is used in B2 or above or D2, and double-layer filling is added in D3 or D4. The clamping components are selected from one or more of the following: spring pressure plate, stainless steel ring pressure plate, split clamping ring, adjustable clamping clamp, and pressure bar assembly with elastic preload; edge clamping is used in the axial displacement zone C1, circumferential clamping is used above C2, and spring pressure plate or ring pressure plate is added in the stress zone E2 and above.

[0017] The present invention also proposes a fireproof sealing method for string photovoltaic inverter cables, which is implemented using the system described in any one of claims 1 to 9, and includes the following steps: The interface status acquisition module synchronously collects temperature, pressure, axial displacement, radial displacement, and edge contact stress, and generates a sealing interface monitoring record after verification and alignment. The interface offset determination module calculates the difference between the monitoring records and the baseline data, and aggregates them to generate a description of the changes in the sealing interface; The blockade risk classification module assigns each parameter in the change description to a preset risk segment and encodes them sequentially to generate a blockade risk segment identifier; Based on the risk zone identification, the sealing structure generation module performs layered response design and conflict verification for the expansion material layer, compensation filling layer and clamping component layer, and generates a hole position level structure list and sealing structure layout scheme. The blocking control output module combines the blocking structure layout scheme with the inverter operating conditions and cable current carrying conditions, and generates operating constraint statements after matching and verification, and outputs the cable fire prevention blocking control conclusion.

[0018] This invention discloses a fireproof sealing system and method for string photovoltaic inverter cables. Through the coordinated operation of interface state acquisition, offset determination, risk classification, structure generation, and control output modules, it achieves synchronous acquisition and structured description of multiple parameters of the cable perforation sealing interface. This effectively solves the problem of insufficient adaptability caused by the lack of dynamic monitoring and hierarchical response design in existing solutions. It realizes integrated closed-loop control from interface state perception and risk segment coding to hierarchical structure generation and operational constraint matching, significantly improving the reliability and adaptability of the sealing system under complex operating conditions and enhancing the intelligent level of electrical safety protection in photovoltaic power plants.

[0019] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the modular structure of a string photovoltaic inverter cable fireproof sealing system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0022] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] The following description, with reference to the accompanying drawings, describes a fireproof sealing system and method for string photovoltaic inverter cables according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the modular structure of a string photovoltaic inverter cable fireproof sealing system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, a fireproof sealing system for string photovoltaic inverter cables includes: Specifically, this invention provides a fireproof sealing system for string photovoltaic inverter cables, including an interface status acquisition module, an interface offset determination module, a sealing risk classification module, a sealing structure generation module, and a sealing control output module. Each module forms a closed-loop processing link of "acquisition—determination—classification—generation—control" around the sealing interface at the cable perforation point, as detailed below: 1. Interface status acquisition module.

[0026] The interface status acquisition module is used to synchronously acquire the temperature, pressure, axial displacement, radial displacement and edge contact stress of the cable perforation sealing interface of the string photovoltaic inverter, and to complete the signal validity verification, direction consistency verification and same period data alignment to form a sealing interface monitoring record.

[0027] Preferably, the interface status acquisition module includes a channel signal verification submodule, a displacement consistency verification submodule, and a synchronous record generation submodule. The channel signal verification submodule is used to: read the cable surface temperature channel signal and compare it with the zero-point reference value to obtain the temperature deviation value ΔT; and read the pressure channel signal of the filling area and compare it with the upper limit of the range to obtain the pressure range ratio ηP.

[0028] Preferably, the temperature deviation value is calculated using the following formula: ΔT = Tt - T0; Where Tt is the current sampling temperature and T0 is the initial reference temperature of the corresponding well position.

[0029] The pressure range ratio is calculated using the following formula: ηP = Pt / Pmax; Where Pt is the current sampling pressure and Pmax is the upper limit of the pressure sensor's range.

[0030] Preferably, the channel validity judgment rule is as follows: When ηP≤0.85, the pressure channel is determined to be in the effective acquisition zone; when 0.85<ηP≤1.00, the pressure channel is determined to be in the critical warning zone; when ηP>1.00, the pressure channel is determined to be out of range and an abnormality flag is triggered.

[0031] The displacement consistency verification submodule is used for: Read the axial displacement increment ΔXa and combine it with the direction indicator value to determine the consistency between the positive and negative directions; read the radial displacement value Xr and compare it with the reference coordinate Xr0 of the hole position axis to obtain the radial deviation value ΔXr.

[0032] Preferably, the radial deviation value is calculated using the following formula: ΔXr = |Xr - Xr0|; At the same time, a reference weighting coefficient ω is constructed by combining the temperature deviation value ΔT and the pressure range ratio ηP, which is used to correct the abnormal sensitivity of radial displacement.

[0033] Preferably, the weighting coefficient ω satisfies: ω = a·(ΔT / Tref) + b·ηP; Where a and b are empirical weighting coefficients, and a+b=1, and Tref is the temperature normalization reference value.

[0034] The synchronous record generation submodule is used for: Read the edge contact stress signal σ and perform consistency verification by combining it with the polarity identifier; sort and align the temperature, pressure, axial displacement, radial displacement and stress signals according to the unified timestamp, write the data in the same sampling period into the same well location record, and generate the sealing interface monitoring record.

[0035] Preferably, the sealing interface monitoring record includes at least: The data includes: borehole number, sampling timestamp, temperature deviation, pressure range ratio, axial displacement increment, radial deviation, edge contact stress change, multi-channel consistency status identifier, and timing integrity identifier.

[0036] II. Interface Offset Determination Module.

[0037] The interface offset determination module is used to call the monitoring records of the closure interface, and to align and perform difference calculations between the real-time data and the baseline data to obtain the multi-parameter offset results and corresponding spatial location descriptions of the closure interface.

[0038] Preferably, the interface offset determination module includes an interface recording alignment submodule, a multi-source reference difference submodule, and an interface change characterization submodule. The interface recording alignment submodule is used to retrieve the temperature reference value Tb, pressure reference value Pb, axial displacement reference value Xab, radial displacement reference value Xrb, and stress reference value σb at the same borehole location, the same point location, the same layer location, the same borehole diameter reference, and the same contact zone location, and align them item by item with the current monitoring record. The multi-source reference difference submodule is used to calculate the temperature difference ΔT, pressure difference ΔP, axial displacement difference ΔXa, radial displacement difference ΔXr, and stress difference Δσ respectively, forming a channel offset difference set.

[0039] Preferably: ΔP = Pt - Pb; ΔXa = Xat - Xab; Δσ = σt - σb.

[0040] The interface change characterization submodule is used for: Based on the channel offset difference set, the corresponding hole position, layer position, contact zone and annular zone regions are aggregated to output a structured description of the sealing interface changes.

[0041] Preferably, the description of the sealing interface change includes at least: The variable parameter name, direction of change, magnitude of change, location of occurrence, affected layer, and duration range. For example, the following description can be generated: "Temperature in the inner layer region of hole A increases by 5.5℃, pressure increases by 0.5MPa, axial displacement +2mm, radial offset 0.1mm, and edge contact stress increases by 2MPa."

[0042] III. Blocking Risk Classification Module.

[0043] The closure risk classification module is used to classify temperature, pressure, axial displacement, radial displacement and stress changes into sections based on the description results of closure interface changes, and generate closure risk section identifiers.

[0044] Preferably, the blocking risk classification module includes a blocking interface submodule, a segment assignment submodule, and a sequential encoding submodule. The blocking interface submodule is used to: perform unified coordinate mapping on the geometric contour of the blocking interface, the boundary of the blocking layer, and the contact surface position; extract the interface undulation and overall offset to form the interface change. The segment assignment submodule is used to: classify risk segments according to preset threshold rules for each change parameter. To enhance algorithm support, the following threshold representation example is preferably established: Examples of temperature deviation zone judgment: 0℃≤ΔT<10℃: Normal temperature rise zone A1; 10℃≤ΔT<15℃: Temperature rise warning zone A2; 15℃≤ΔT<25℃: Temperature rise early warning zone A3; ΔT≥25℃: Temperature rise high risk zone A4; Examples of pressure difference zone judgment: 0MPa≤ΔP<1MPa: Slight pressure increase zone B1; 1MPa≤ΔP<2MPa: Moderate pressure increase zone B2; 2MPa≤ΔP<3MPa: High pressure increase zone B3; ΔP≥3MPa: Abnormal pressure zone B4; Examples of axial displacement zone judgment: 0mm≤|ΔXa|<5mm: Axial slight movement zone C1; 5mm≤|ΔXa|<10mm: Axial movement zone C2; ​​10mm≤ΔT<10℃: Normal temperature rise zone A1; 10mm≤ΔT<15℃: Temperature rise warning zone A2; 15℃≤ΔT<25℃: Temperature rise early warning zone A3; ΔT≥25℃: Temperature rise high risk zone A4; Examples of pressure difference zone judgment: 0MPa≤ΔP<1MPa: Slight pressure increase zone B1; 1MPa≤ΔP<2MPa: Moderate pressure increase zone B2; 2MPa≤ΔP<3MPa: High pressure increase zone B3; ΔP≥3MPa: Abnormal pressure zone B4; Examples of axial displacement zone judgment: 0mm≤|ΔXa|<5mm: Axial slight movement zone C1; 5mm≤|ΔXa|<10mm: Axial movement zone C2; ​​10mm≤ΔT<10℃: Temperature rise high risk zone A3; 10mm≤ΔT<10℃: Temperature rise high risk zone A4 ... m≤|ΔXa|<15mm: Axial offset zone C3; |ΔXa|≥15mm: Axial instability zone C4; Radial displacement zone judgment example: 0mm≤ΔXr<0.5mm: Radial stable zone D1; 0.5mm≤ΔXr<1.0mm: Radial loosening zone D2; 1.0mm≤ΔXr<2.0mm: Radial detachment zone D3; ΔXr≥2.0mm: Radial mismatch zone D4; Stress change zone judgment example: 0MPa≤Δσ<5MPa: Stress safety zone E1; 5MPa≤Δσ<10MPa: Stress high zone E2; 10MPa≤Δσ<15MPa: Stress concentration zone E3; Δσ≥15MPa: Stress danger zone E4.

[0045] The sequential coding submodule is used to encode the risk zones according to the zone assignment results of temperature, pressure, axial displacement, radial displacement, and stress in sequence to form a closure risk zone identifier. For example, when ΔT=12℃, ΔP=1.3MPa, |ΔXa|=3.5mm, ΔXr=0.3mm, and Δσ=2MPa, it can be coded as A2-B2-C1-D1-E1. This risk zone identifier can reflect both the risk type and the risk level and combination state, providing a basis for the subsequent closure structure configuration.

[0046] IV. Blocking Structure Generation Module.

[0047] The sealing structure generation module is used to automatically generate corresponding sealing structure layout schemes based on the identification of sealing risk sections, combined with hole size, cable quantity, gap distribution and risk level.

[0048] Preferably, the plugging structure generation module includes a risk identification submodule, a hierarchical response submodule, and a conflict verification submodule. The risk identification submodule is used to: determine the risk concentration area, the expansion area, and the priority response area based on the borehole coordinates, borehole diameter parameters, risk section numbers, and boundary line sequences, and generate a set of risk section numbers. The hierarchical response submodule is used to: Based on the risk zone numbering set, a layered response design is performed for the expansion material layer, compensation filler layer, and clamping component layer, including: (1) Expansion material: The expansion material is preferably a heat-expanding fireproof material, used to rapidly expand and seal pores under abnormal temperature rise or fire conditions.

[0049] Preferably, the expanding material may be one or more of the following: expanded graphite tape; expanded fireproof covering sheet; flame-retardant expanded sealing ring; foamed fireproof sealing strip.

[0050] Preferably, when the temperature range is A1 or A2, the expansion material is only arranged in the critical edge area and the gap concentration area of ​​the hole; when the temperature range is A3 or A4, the expansion material is extended to be laid in a ring around the entire hole and continuously arranged along the thickness of the hole wall to enhance the high temperature expansion compensation capability.

[0051] (2) Compensation filling: The compensation filling is used to provide normal sealing and deformation compensation for residual gaps between cables and between cables and the borehole wall.

[0052] Preferably, the compensating filler material may be one or more of the following: fireproof sealant; inorganic fireproof sealant; flexible ceramic fiber filler strip; flame-retardant elastic sealant; silicone rubber fire-resistant filler layer.

[0053] Preferably, when the pressure section is B1 and the radial section is D1, a local gap filling method is adopted; when the pressure section reaches B2 or above or the radial section reaches D2 or above, a circumferential continuous filling method is adopted, and the compensation filling thickness of the cable gap area is increased; when the radial section reaches D3 or D4, a double-layer filling structure is preferably added, namely, an inner flexible filling and an outer fireproof sealing material compacted filling.

[0054] (3) Clamping components: The clamping member is used to maintain the continuous clamping force of the sealing structure on the cable and the hole wall to compensate for the loosening of the interface caused by material relaxation, thermal expansion and contraction or vibration.

[0055] Preferably, the clamping component may be one or more of the following: spring pressure plate; stainless steel annular pressure plate; split clamping ring; adjustable clamping clamp; or pressure bar assembly with elastic preload.

[0056] Preferably, when the axial displacement zone is C1, single-point or double-point edge clamping is used; when the axial displacement zone reaches C2 or above, multi-point circumferential clamping is used; when the stress zone reaches E2 or above, spring pressure plates or annular pressure plates are added to the stress concentration zone to form a continuous pre-tightening effect. The conflict checking submodule is used to check the spatial occupancy relationship, installation boundary relationship, and hole matching relationship between the expansion material layer, the compensation filling layer, and the clamping component layer. When layer overlap, spatial interference, or path conflict occurs, it is corrected according to the preset priority.

[0057] Preferably, the priority rule is as follows: the expansion material layer takes precedence over the compensation filling layer, and the compensation filling layer takes precedence over the compression component layer; without affecting the compression stability, priority is given to ensuring the continuous sealing integrity of the expansion material. The final output includes a list of borehole-level structures and a sealing structure layout scheme. The structure list includes at least: borehole number, borehole diameter, number of cables, type and laying range of expansion material, type and filling path of compensation filling material, type and pressure application location of compression component, component installation direction, and layer sequence.

[0058] V. Blocking control output module.

[0059] The blocking control output module is used to combine the blocking structure layout scheme, inverter operating conditions and cable current carrying conditions to output operating constraints and maintenance control conclusions.

[0060] Preferably, the blocking control output module includes a structural layout submodule, an operating condition current-carrying tag submodule, and a constraint conclusion submodule. The structural layout submodule is used to: read the hole location number, component model, structural level, and list item quantity to form a hole location-component correspondence matrix. The operating condition current-carrying tag submodule is used to: extract load segment tags from the inverter operating conditions, extract temperature rise correlation tags from the cable current-carrying description, and match them with the structural layout scheme to form a hole location tag lookup table. The constraint conclusion submodule is used to: generate corresponding operating restriction statements for mismatches.

[0061] Preferably, the constraint output rules are exemplified as follows: When the temperature zone reaches A3 and the load label is "full load", the output is "When the ambient temperature exceeds 35℃, the continuous full load time is limited to no more than 4 hours"; when the radial zone reaches D3 or above, the output is "The machine needs to be stopped to check the hole fit and add a filling layer before it can resume operation"; when the stress zone reaches E3 or above, the output is "The clamping components need to be replaced or added, and the monitoring frequency should be increased to once every 1 hour". This ultimately forms the cable fireproof sealing control conclusion, achieving dynamic adaptation of the sealing status and operational constraint management.

[0062] The system of this invention effectively solves the problem of insufficient adaptability caused by the lack of dynamic monitoring and hierarchical response design in existing solutions. It realizes integrated closed-loop control from interface state perception and risk segment coding to hierarchical structure generation and operation constraint matching, which significantly improves the reliability and adaptability of the blocking system under complex working conditions and enhances the intelligent level of electrical safety protection of photovoltaic power plants.

[0063] To implement the methods of the above embodiments, the present invention proposes a fireproof sealing method for string photovoltaic inverter cables, comprising: S1, the interface status acquisition module synchronously acquires temperature, pressure, axial displacement, radial displacement and edge contact stress, and generates a sealing interface monitoring record after verification and alignment; S2, the interface offset determination module calculates the difference between the monitoring records and the baseline data, and aggregates them to generate a description of the changes in the blocking interface; S3, the blockade risk classification module assigns each parameter in the change description to a preset risk segment and encodes them sequentially to generate a blockade risk segment identifier; S4, the sealing structure generation module performs layered response design and conflict verification on the expansion material layer, compensation filling layer and clamping component layer based on the risk section identification, and generates a hole position level structure list and sealing structure layout scheme; S5, the blocking control output module, combines the blocking structure layout scheme with the inverter operating conditions and cable current carrying conditions, and generates operating constraint statements after matching and verification, and outputs the cable fire prevention blocking control conclusion.

[0064] Specifically, such as Figure 2As shown, according to another aspect of the present invention, a method for fireproof sealing of string photovoltaic inverter cables is provided. This method is based on the aforementioned string photovoltaic inverter cable fireproof sealing system and includes the following steps: An interface state acquisition module reads the cable surface temperature and verifies zero drift; reads the pressure in the filling area and verifies the range; reads the axial displacement and verifies directional consistency; reads the radial displacement and verifies axis alignment; reads the edge contact stress and verifies polarity; and aligns signals of the same period by timestamp and writes them into the same hole position record to form a sealing interface monitoring record. An interface offset judgment module calls the sealing interface monitoring record and performs source alignment and difference calculation on the temperature, pressure, axial displacement, radial displacement, and stress reference data respectively to form a description of sealing interface changes. A sealing risk classification module, according to a preset judgment threshold table, classifies temperature deviation, pressure difference, and axial displacement... The differential values, radial displacement differential values, and stress differential values ​​are assigned to sections and sequentially coded to generate sealing risk section identifiers. The sealing structure generation module, based on the sealing risk section identifiers, selects one or more of the following as the response structure for the corresponding hole position: expanded graphite strip, expanded fireproof sealing strip, fireproof sealing putty, inorganic fireproof sealing material, spring pressure plate, annular pressure plate, and clamping fastener. It determines the laying range, filling path, and pressure application location, forming a hole-level structure list and sealing structure layout scheme. The sealing control output module calls the sealing structure layout scheme, reads the inverter operating conditions and extracts the load segment labels, reads the cable current-carrying description and extracts the temperature rise correlation labels, compares the load segments with the structure list and marks the matching relationship, converts mismatch relationships into constraint statements and marks the effective conditions, merges constraints of the same hole position and removes duplicate expressions, forming the cable fireproof sealing control conclusion.

[0065] The method of this invention effectively solves the problem of insufficient adaptability caused by the lack of dynamic monitoring and hierarchical response in the prior art. It realizes integrated closed-loop control from state perception and risk coding to structure generation and constraint matching, significantly improves the reliability and adaptability of cable fire sealing under complex working conditions, and enhances the intelligent level of electrical safety protection of photovoltaic power plants.

[0066] Another application scenario of this invention includes: a fireproof sealing system for string photovoltaic inverter cables applied to the cable entry holes (50mm diameter, 6 holes in total, 3 cables per hole) of a 100kW string photovoltaic inverter. The interface status acquisition module is configured as follows: temperature acquisition uses a thermistor sensor with a zero-point reference value of 25.0℃ and a sampling frequency of 1Hz; pressure acquisition uses a thin-film pressure sensor with an upper range of 10MPa; axial displacement acquisition uses a laser displacement sensor, with a direction indicator value of 1 indicating positive; radial displacement acquisition uses an eddy current displacement sensor with an axis reference coordinate of 5.0mm; stress acquisition uses a strain gauge sensor, with a polarity indicator of + indicating compressive stress.

[0067] Operation process: First, interface status acquisition: The channel signal verification submodule acquires the cable surface temperature sample value of 50.5℃ and calculates the temperature zero drift offset of 25.5℃; it acquires the real-time pressure of the filling area of ​​2.5MPa and calculates the pressure range ratio of 0.25, which is within the limit; the displacement consistency verification submodule acquires the axial displacement increment of +2mm, the direction marking is consistent, and calculates the axial direction consistency of 100%; it acquires the radial displacement sample value of 5.1mm, and calculates the reference weight of 0.28 by combining the temperature zero drift offset and the pressure range ratio, resulting in a radial alignment deviation of 0.128mm; the synchronous recording generation submodule verifies the polarity of the stress signal, aligns each signal according to the timestamp (2023-10-01 12:00:00 to 12:00:10), writes it into the corresponding hole position record, and generates the sealing interface monitoring record.

[0068] Second, interface offset determination: The interface record alignment submodule retrieves the temperature reference record of 45℃, the pressure reference record of 2.0MPa, the axial displacement reference record of 0mm, the radial displacement reference record of 5.0mm, and the stress reference record of 10MPa, and aligns them with the monitoring records to generate multi-parameter alignment reference values; The multi-source reference difference submodule calculates the temperature difference of 5.5℃, the pressure difference of 0.5MPa, the axial displacement difference of 2mm, the radial displacement difference of 0.1mm, and the stress difference of 2MPa, and records the direction and position indicators; The interface change characterization submodule aggregates the data from each channel and generates a description of the sealing interface change as follows: "The inner layer temperature of hole A increases by 5.5℃, the pressure increases by 0.5MPa, the axial displacement increases by 2mm, the radial displacement increases by 0.1mm, and the stress increases by 2MPa".

[0069] Third, the classification of sealing risks: The sealing interface submodule unifies the interface coordinates, detects the maximum fluctuation height of the interface of 0.5mm and the overall offset of 1mm, and marks the change boundary; the section attribution submodule assigns temperature changes to the "normal temperature rise section" (0-10℃), pressure changes to the "pressure slight increase section" (0-1MPa), and axial displacement changes to the "axial slight movement section" (0-5mm); the sequential coding submodule assigns radial displacement changes to the "radial stable section" (0-0.5mm) and stress changes to the "stress safe section" (0-5MPa), and summarizes the coding as A1-B1-C1-D1-E1.

[0070] Fourth, the sealing structure is generated: the risk identification submodule matches the risk section number and determines that the risk level is low; the layered response submodule selects the expansion material laying range as the key parts and the thickness naturally expands according to the rules, the compensation filling position is the gap and the path is along the gap, and the pressure application position of the clamping component is the edge fixing point and the direction is perpendicular to the interface; the conflict verification submodule verifies the conflicts of the non-layered boundary, organizes the hole position level structure list, and outputs the sealing structure layout plan.

[0071] Fifth, the blocking control output: the structural layout submodule generates a matrix of matching relationships between hole positions and components; the operating condition current-carrying tag submodule extracts the inverter's "full load" load tag and the cable's "temperature rise <50K" associated tag; the constraint conclusion submodule compares the matching relationships, finds no obvious mismatches, and outputs the control conclusion "full load operation is allowed, and the blocking status is monitored every 2 hours when the ambient temperature is >35℃".

[0072] Implementation results: During 72 hours of continuous full-load operation (ambient temperature 20-38℃), the hole sealing structure did not show any loosening or heat accumulation, the fireproof integrity retention rate was 100%, the airtightness test showed no leakage, and all parameter changes were within the safe range.

[0073] Another application of this invention includes: large-diameter holes (80mm diameter, 4 holes in total, 5 cables per hole) applied to a 200kW string photovoltaic inverter, with only the following parameters changed: pressure reference record 2.5MPa, stress reference record 15MPa, and inverter operating conditions including full load and half load switching.

[0074] Key operating steps: Interface status acquisition: Under full load conditions, the acquired temperature sample value was 62℃, with a temperature zero drift offset of 37℃; pressure was 3.8MPa, with a pressure range ratio of 0.38; axial displacement was +3.5mm, radial displacement was 5.3mm; and stress was 17MPa. Interface offset judgment: Calculated temperature difference was 12℃, pressure difference was 1.3MPa, axial displacement difference was 3.5mm, radial displacement difference was 0.3mm, and stress difference was 2MPa. Blockage risk classification: The temperature change was classified as belonging to the "temperature rise warning zone" (10-15℃). The pressure change is assigned to the "pressure increase zone" (1-2MPa), and the other parameters are assigned to the normal zone, coded as A2-B2-C1-D1-E1; the sealing structure is generated by adjusting the expansion material laying range to cover the entire hole, adding ring filling to the compensation filling path, and adding 2 pressure points to the clamping component; the sealing control output is generated by extracting the "full load" and "half load" load labels and generating the constraint statement "the ambient temperature shall not exceed 35℃ when running at full load, the continuous full load time shall not exceed 4 hours, and the half load shall be maintained for 1 hour after switching to half load".

[0075] In the application scenarios of this invention, during operation switching, the sealing structure does not experience stress imbalance, heat accumulation is effectively controlled, temperature rise is maintained below 45K, and fireproof sealing performance is stable. Under continuous operation and operation switching conditions, the sealing structure does not experience stress imbalance or leakage, and temperature rise is effectively controlled. This significantly improves the adaptability and reliability of the sealing system under different aperture specifications and operational fluctuations, and enhances the engineering applicability of electrical safety protection for photovoltaic power plants.

[0076] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0077] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

Claims

1. A fireproof sealing system for string photovoltaic inverter cables, characterized in that, include: The interface status acquisition module is used to synchronously acquire the temperature, pressure, axial displacement, radial displacement and edge contact stress of the cable perforation sealing interface of the string photovoltaic inverter, and to perform validity verification, direction consistency verification and same period data alignment on the acquired signals to obtain the sealing interface monitoring record. The interface offset determination module is connected to the interface status acquisition module. It is used to call the sealing interface monitoring records, and to align and perform difference calculations on the real-time data with the reference data of the same well location to obtain multi-parameter offset results and aggregate them to generate a structured description of the sealing interface changes. The sealing risk classification module, connected to the interface offset determination module, is used to receive the sealing interface change description, assign the temperature deviation, pressure difference, axial displacement difference, radial displacement difference and stress change difference in the sealing interface change description to the preset risk segment respectively, and encode them in a predetermined order to obtain the sealing risk segment identifier. The plugging structure generation module, connected to the plugging risk classification module, is used to receive the plugging risk section identification and, based on the plugging risk section identification combined with the hole size, cable quantity and gap distribution, perform layered response design and conflict verification on the expansion material layer, compensation filling layer and clamping component layer to obtain the hole-level structure list and plugging structure layout scheme. The blocking control output module is connected to the blocking structure generation module. It is used to receive the blocking structure layout scheme, read the inverter operating conditions and cable current carrying conditions, extract the load segmentation label and temperature rise correlation label, perform matching verification, generate operating constraint statements, and obtain the cable fireproof blocking control conclusion.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The interface status acquisition module includes: The channel signal verification module is used to determine the effectiveness of the pressure channel based on the temperature deviation value and the pressure range ratio; The displacement consistency verification module is used to make consistency judgments based on the axial displacement increment and direction identification value, and to correct the abnormal sensitivity of radial displacement based on the radial deviation value and a weighting coefficient constructed by combining the temperature deviation value and the pressure range ratio. The synchronous record generation module is used to align the signals from each sensor with a unified timestamp and write them into the same borehole location record to generate a monitoring record for the sealing interface.

3. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that, In the channel signal verification module: the temperature deviation value is ΔT = Tt - T0, the pressure range ratio is ηP = Pt / Pmax; the channel validity judgment rule is: ηP ≤ 0.85 is the effective acquisition area, 0.85 < ηP ≤ 1.00 is the critical warning area, and ηP > 1.00 triggers an abnormal flag.

4. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that, In the displacement consistency verification module: radial deviation value ΔXr = |Xr - Xr0|; weighting coefficient ω = a·(ΔT / Tref) + b·ηP, where a+b=1.

5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The interface offset determination module includes: The interface record alignment module is used to align the temperature, pressure, axial displacement, radial displacement, and stress reference values ​​of the same borehole location with the current monitoring records item by item; The multi-source reference difference module is used to calculate temperature difference, pressure difference, axial displacement difference, radial displacement difference, and stress difference, forming a channel offset difference set; The interface change characterization module is used to aggregate the regions corresponding to each difference based on the channel offset difference set, and output a structured description of the blockage interface change.

6. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The blocking risk classification module includes: The blocking interface module is used to perform unified coordinate mapping on the blocking interface and extract the interface undulation and overall offset. The segment attribution module is used to divide risk segments according to preset threshold rules for each changing parameter. The sequential coding module is used to encode the sections according to the results of temperature, pressure, axial displacement, radial displacement and stress, forming the identification of the blockage risk section.

7. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The preset threshold rule in the segment attribution submodule is as follows: Temperature deviation ranges: 0≤ΔT<10℃ is A1, 10≤ΔT<15℃ is A2, 15≤ΔT<25℃ is A3, and ΔT≥25℃ is A4; Pressure difference range: 0≤ΔP<1MPa is B1, 1≤ΔP<2MPa is B2, 2≤ΔP<3MPa is B3, ΔP≥3MPa is B4; Axial displacement ranges: 0≤|ΔXa|<5mm is C1, 5≤|ΔXa|<10mm is C2, 10≤|ΔXa|<15mm is C3, and |ΔXa|≥15mm is C4; Radial displacement range: 0≤ΔXr<0.5mm is D1, 0.5≤ΔXr<1.0mm is D2, 1.0≤ΔXr<2.0mm is D3, and ΔXr≥2.0mm is D4; Stress variation zones: 0≤Δσ<5MPa is E1, 5≤Δσ<10MPa is E2, 10≤Δσ<15MPa is E3, and Δσ≥15MPa is E4.

8. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The blocking structure generation module includes: The risk identification module is used to determine the risk concentration area based on the borehole position parameters and risk section number, and generate a set of risk section numbers; The layered response module is used to perform layered response design for the expansion material layer, compensation filling layer, and clamping component layer based on the risk section number set. The conflict checking module is used to check the spatial relationship between the three layers. When a conflict occurs, it is corrected according to the preset priority, where the priority is: the expansion material layer takes precedence over the compensation filling layer, and the compensation filling layer takes precedence over the compression component layer.

9. The system according to claim 8, characterized in that, In the hierarchical response submodule: The expansion material is selected from one or more of the following: expanded graphite tape, expanded fireproof wrapping sheet, flame-retardant expanded sealing ring, and foamed fireproof sealing strip; when the temperature zone is A1 or A2, it is arranged in the edge zone, and when it is A3 or A4, it is laid in a ring around all holes. The compensating filling material is selected from one or more of the following: fireproof sealant, inorganic fireproof sealant, flexible ceramic fiber filler strip, flame-retardant elastic sealant, and silicone rubber fire-resistant filler layer; local filling is used in pressure zone B1 and radial zone D1, continuous circumferential filling is used in B2 or above or D2, and double-layer filling is added in D3 or D4. The clamping components are selected from one or more of the following: spring pressure plate, stainless steel ring pressure plate, split clamping ring, adjustable clamping clamp, and pressure bar assembly with elastic preload; edge clamping is used in the axial displacement zone C1, circumferential clamping is used above C2, and spring pressure plate or ring pressure plate is added in the stress zone E2 and above.

10. A method for fireproof sealing of string photovoltaic inverter cables, characterized in that, The system described in any one of claims 1 to 9 is used to perform the following steps: The interface status acquisition module synchronously collects temperature, pressure, axial displacement, radial displacement, and edge contact stress, and generates a sealing interface monitoring record after verification and alignment. The interface offset determination module calculates the difference between the monitoring records and the baseline data, and aggregates them to generate a description of the changes in the sealing interface; The blockade risk classification module assigns each parameter in the change description to a preset risk segment and encodes them sequentially to generate a blockade risk segment identifier; Based on the risk zone identification, the sealing structure generation module performs layered response design and conflict verification for the expansion material layer, compensation filling layer and clamping component layer, and generates a hole position level structure list and sealing structure layout scheme. The blocking control output module combines the blocking structure layout scheme with the inverter operating conditions and cable current carrying conditions, and generates operating constraint statements after matching and verification, and outputs the cable fire prevention blocking control conclusion.

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