A Method and System for Automatic Generation of Relay Protection Parameters Based on a Rule Engine

Abstract

This invention discloses a method and system for automatically generating relay protection parameters based on a rule engine. The method constructs a multi-level rule base, including equipment topology rules, short-circuit current calculation rules, and action time-limit coordination rules. A topology analysis engine parses real-time topology data of the target power grid to extract the protection range and associated equipment information corresponding to the relay protection device. A dynamic short-circuit calculation engine calculates and verifies the short-circuit current values ​​of the protected equipment under different fault types. The rule engine is then activated to modularly parse the relay protection parameter generation logic, obtaining preliminary relay protection parameters, and performing compliance verification until the final, verified relay protection parameters are generated. The system includes a multi-level rule base module, a topology analysis module, a dynamic short-circuit calculation module, a rule engine module, and a compliance verification module. This method and system achieve precise power grid protection, ensuring the matching degree between parameters and the actual state of the power grid throughout its entire lifecycle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of relay protection technology for industrial power systems, and in particular to a method and system for automatically generating relay protection parameters based on a rule engine. Background Technology

[0002] Stable production in industrial enterprises depends on the stable operation of the power system. Relay protection is a core component ensuring the safe and stable operation of the power system. The rationality, accuracy, and timeliness of its parameter configuration directly determine whether a fault area can be quickly isolated and the escalation of the accident can be prevented when a power grid fault occurs. Specific problems with traditional relay protection parameter configuration methods include: 1. The core logic of traditional relay protection parameter configuration relies heavily on the personal experience of engineers and lacks unified and quantitative judgment standards, making it difficult to guarantee parameter accuracy. The validity of equipment topology connection relationship is judged by visual inspection. For example, whether the connection between transformer winding terminals and circuit breaker is reliable can only be judged by visual inspection. This is prone to errors in topology analysis due to hidden problems such as loose connection, excessive conduction resistance, and phase sequence misalignment. 2. Once the parameters of traditional relay protection are configured, they remain fixed for a long period of time, making it difficult to match the dynamic changes throughout the entire life cycle of the power grid. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method and system for automatic generation of relay protection parameters based on a rule engine. This method and system overcome the defects of traditional relay protection parameter configuration, improve the efficiency and accuracy of relay protection parameter configuration, avoid the impact of parameter configuration lag on power grid reliability, ensure rapid isolation in the event of power grid faults, realize precise power grid protection, and ensure the matching degree between parameters and the actual state of the power grid throughout the entire life cycle.

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the present invention provides a method for automatically generating relay protection parameters based on a rule engine, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Construct a multi-level rule base. The multi-level rule base should include at least equipment topology rules, short-circuit current calculation rules, and action time limit coordination rules. Among them, equipment topology rules define the criteria for determining the connection relationship of different types of power equipment, short-circuit current calculation rules include short-circuit current calculation models and accuracy control thresholds based on equipment parameters and grid voltage levels, and action time limit coordination rules specify the action time limit difference requirements between different protection devices. Step 2: Using the power grid topology automatic identification technology, the real-time topology data of the target power grid is parsed through the topology analysis engine to identify the equipment and protected objects of each relay protection device in the power grid, and to extract the protection range and associated equipment information of the relay protection device. The associated equipment information includes at least the model parameters of the protected equipment, the list of adjacent equipment, and the connection line parameters. Step 3: Integrate the dynamic short-circuit calculation engine. Input the extracted related equipment information and the real-time operation mode data of the target power grid into the dynamic short-circuit calculation engine. The dynamic short-circuit calculation engine will automatically calculate the short-circuit current value of the protected equipment under different fault types and verify it according to the short-circuit current calculation rules in the multi-level rule base. It will output the maximum short-circuit current value and the minimum short-circuit current value that have passed the verification. Step 4: Start the rule engine, load the multi-level rule base, and input the real-time topology data parsing results of the target power grid and the verified maximum / minimum short-circuit current values ​​into the rule engine. The rule engine performs modular parsing of the relay protection parameter generation logic and obtains preliminary relay protection parameters based on the parsing results. Step 5: Perform compliance verification on the preliminary relay protection parameters. If the verification passes, the final relay protection parameters are output. If the verification fails, the rule engine will call the corresponding rule again to adjust and match the parameters according to the reason for the verification failure. This verification process will be repeated until the final relay protection parameters that pass the verification are generated.

[0005] Furthermore, in step one, the device topology rules include general judgment principles for cross-type devices, including: The principle of voltage level consistency applies: the rated voltage deviation of directly connected equipment should be ≤±10%. Phase sequence matching principle: the phase sequence markings of connected devices correspond one-to-one, and the phase sequence deviation is ≤5°; The grounding method should be coordinated with the grounding system of the power grid.

[0006] Furthermore, in step one, the short-circuit current calculation rules also include: Fault type adaptation rules are set up for three-phase short circuit, two-phase short circuit and single-phase ground fault, and calculation models are configured separately. Among them, the single-phase ground fault model integrates a zero-sequence current compensation coefficient of 0.8 to 1.2. The load fluctuation correction rule dynamically adjusts the calculation parameters based on real-time load data updated every second, and the correction coefficient is generated through training on no less than 1,000 sets of peak and valley load data over the past three months. The accuracy control threshold is set so that the deviation rate between the calculated value and the historical fault data of the same period is ≤5%. If the deviation rate is exceeded, a second calculation is triggered.

[0007] Furthermore, in step one, the action time limit coordination rules include: The threshold difference between the main protection and backup protection, the time difference between the time-limited instantaneous overcurrent protection and the overcurrent protection is ≥0.3 seconds, and the time difference between the upper and lower levels of the overcurrent protection is ≥0.5 seconds; The time limit reverse coordination rule stipulates that when multiple protection devices are configured for the same protected equipment, the time limit values ​​shall be increased sequentially in the order of main protection, near backup protection, and far backup protection, with an increment of not less than 0.2 seconds.

[0008] Furthermore, in step two, the parsing process of the topology analysis engine includes: Data access: Real-time acquisition of remote signaling data from the power grid SCADA system, equipment physical location data from the GIS system, and equipment parameter data from the PMS system; Topology association uses a three-level association model of nodes, branches, and devices to automatically identify the electrical connection relationship between newly added devices and adjacent devices. The protection zone is defined based on the equipment topology, with the protected equipment as the center, extending outward to the protection zone boundary of the adjacent circuit breaker to form a closed electrical area.

[0009] Furthermore, in step three, the calculation process of the dynamic short-circuit calculation engine includes: Parallel calculation of multiple fault types, simultaneously calculating three-phase short circuit, two-phase short circuit, and single-phase ground fault types; Short-circuit current verification first involves comparing historical fault data, then cross-validating parameters of similar equipment. If three consecutive verifications fail, manual intervention is triggered.

[0010] Furthermore, in step four, the modular parsing process of the rule engine includes: The hierarchical calling logic is invoked sequentially according to the order of device topology rules, short-circuit current calculation rules, and action time limit coordination rules, with the output of the previous level rule serving as the input of the next level rule; Rule conflict handling: When there is a conflict between the analysis results of different rules, the calculation model is selected based on the principle of prioritizing short-circuit current accuracy, and the accuracy is judged by the minimum deviation rate.

[0011] Furthermore, in step four, the preliminary relay protection parameters include: The operating current setting is used to calculate the reliability coefficient based on the maximum short-circuit current value and the sensitivity coefficient based on the minimum short-circuit current value. The action time limit is set as follows: the action time limit of the main protection is ≤0.04 seconds, and the action time limit of the backup protection increases step by step according to the threshold difference. The protection range coefficient is 0.8 to 0.9 for line protection and 1.0 to 1.1 for transformer protection, ensuring that the protection range overlaps with adjacent equipment by ≥10%.

[0012] Furthermore, in step five, the compliance verification includes: The timing of the actions complies with the following regulations: the time difference between the main protection and the backup protection, and the time difference between the upper and lower level protections, all meet the threshold requirements of the timing coordination rules. The operating current setting is reasonable, with the operating current setting being ≥ 1.2 times the normal operating current, and the sensitivity coefficient under the maximum short-circuit current being ≥ 1.5; Grid adaptability verification: the matching degree between parameter values ​​and grid voltage level and equipment capacity is ≥90%, and the matching degree is calculated according to the preset equipment parameter and protection parameter mapping table.

[0013] An automatic relay protection parameter generation system based on a rule engine includes: The multi-level rule base module is used to store device topology rules, short-circuit current calculation rules, and action time limit coordination rules. Each rule is encoded in the form of parsable logical statements and supports dynamic addition, deletion, and priority configuration. The topology analysis module is configured to access real-time topology data of the power grid. It analyzes the protection range of the protection device and the associated equipment information through a three-level association model of nodes, branches and equipment, and outputs structured topology association results. The dynamic short-circuit calculation module communicates with the topology analysis module, receives information from associated devices and real-time power grid operation data, performs short-circuit current calculation and accuracy verification for multiple fault types based on short-circuit current calculation rules, and outputs the maximum / minimum short-circuit current values. The rule engine module communicates with the multi-level rule base module, the topology analysis module, and the dynamic short-circuit calculation module, respectively. It loads the multi-level rule base and performs modular analysis on the topology association results and short-circuit current values ​​to generate preliminary relay protection parameters. The compliance verification module communicates with the rule engine module to perform time limit coordination, current setting and grid adaptability verification on the preliminary relay protection parameters. If the verification passes, the final relay protection parameters are output. If the verification fails, the rule engine module is triggered to readjust the preliminary relay protection parameters. Because the present invention, a method and system for automatically generating relay protection parameters based on a rule engine, adopts the aforementioned technical solution, this method constructs a multi-level rule base, including equipment topology rules, short-circuit current calculation rules, and action time limit coordination rules; it parses the real-time topology data of the target power grid through a topology analysis engine to extract the protection range and associated equipment information corresponding to the relay protection device; a dynamic short-circuit calculation engine calculates and verifies the short-circuit current values ​​of the protected equipment under different fault types; and the rule engine is activated to perform modular parsing of the relay protection parameter generation logic to obtain preliminary relay protection parameters, and performs compliance verification until the final relay protection parameters that pass the verification are generated. This system includes a multi-level rule base module, a topology analysis module, a dynamic short-circuit calculation module, a rule engine module, and a compliance verification module. This method and system overcome the defects of traditional relay protection parameter configuration, improve the efficiency and accuracy of relay protection parameter configuration, avoid the impact of parameter configuration lag on power grid reliability, ensure rapid isolation during power grid faults, achieve precise power grid protection, and ensure the matching degree between parameters and the actual state of the power grid throughout the entire life cycle. Attached Figure Description

[0014] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the automatic generation method for relay protection parameters based on a rule engine according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a block diagram of the automatic generation system for relay protection parameters based on a rule engine, as described in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0015] Implementation, for example Figure 1 As shown, the automatic generation method for relay protection parameters based on a rule engine of the present invention includes the following steps: Step 1: Construct a multi-level rule base. The multi-level rule base should include at least equipment topology rules, short-circuit current calculation rules, and action time limit coordination rules. Among them, equipment topology rules define the criteria for determining the connection relationship of different types of power equipment, short-circuit current calculation rules include short-circuit current calculation models and accuracy control thresholds based on equipment parameters and grid voltage levels, and action time limit coordination rules specify the action time limit difference requirements between different protection devices. Step 2: Using the power grid topology automatic identification technology, the real-time topology data of the target power grid is parsed through the topology analysis engine to identify the equipment and protected objects of each relay protection device in the power grid, and to extract the protection range and associated equipment information of the relay protection device. The associated equipment information includes at least the model parameters of the protected equipment, the list of adjacent equipment, and the connection line parameters. Step 3: Integrate the dynamic short-circuit calculation engine. Input the extracted related equipment information and the real-time operation mode data of the target power grid into the dynamic short-circuit calculation engine. The dynamic short-circuit calculation engine will automatically calculate the short-circuit current value of the protected equipment under different fault types and verify it according to the short-circuit current calculation rules in the multi-level rule base. It will output the maximum short-circuit current value and the minimum short-circuit current value that have passed the verification. Step 4: Start the rule engine, load the multi-level rule base, and input the real-time topology data parsing results of the target power grid and the verified maximum / minimum short-circuit current values ​​into the rule engine. The rule engine performs modular parsing of the relay protection parameter generation logic and obtains preliminary relay protection parameters based on the parsing results. Step 5: Perform compliance verification on the preliminary relay protection parameters. If the verification passes, the final relay protection parameters are output. If the verification fails, the rule engine will call the corresponding rule again to adjust and match the parameters according to the reason for the verification failure. This verification process will be repeated until the final relay protection parameters that pass the verification are generated.

[0016] Step one of this method uses structured design to transform core logic such as equipment topology, short-circuit current calculation, and action time limit coordination into quantifiable and parsable rules (e.g., on-resistance thresholds, short-circuit current calculation accuracy thresholds, and action time limit differential requirements in equipment topology rules), forming a unified rule carrier. This breaks the fragmented state of traditional parameter configuration, where rules are scattered across engineer experience, manual clauses, and industry standards, making tacit knowledge explicit and standardizing experience-based judgments. For example, the equipment topology rule uses the quantifiable standard of "on-resistance ≤ 50mΩ" to replace manual "visual judgment" of connection validity, avoiding differences in time limit values ​​configured by different personnel. This provides a "unified language" for subsequent automated parsing, achieving 100% rule invocation accuracy and solving the problem of poor parameter configuration consistency caused by inconsistent rules in traditional methods.

[0017] Step two employs a three-level association model of "node-branch-equipment," using a topology analysis engine to access topology data from systems such as SCADA and GIS in real time. This automatically identifies the protection range of the protection device and associated equipment (such as the winding connections of adjacent circuit breakers and transformers on the protected line). This replaces the traditional process of "manually reading and sorting the topology → manually recording associated equipment," eliminating problems such as "missed T-connection branches and incorrect circuit breaker status" that occur during manual sorting. For example, for a line with 10 T-connection branches, the topology analysis engine can complete the identification of all associated equipment within 2 minutes, while manual work would take 2-3 hours. Improved topology resolution efficiency enhances the accuracy of protection range delineation, providing precise electrical boundary data for short-circuit current calculation and parameter matching, and avoiding insufficient overlap or blind spots in protection ranges due to topology errors.

[0018] Step 3 integrates a dynamic short-circuit calculation engine, combining real-time operating data (such as load fluctuations and power output) to calculate short-circuit currents in parallel according to calculation models in the rule base (categorized by three-phase / two-phase / single-phase ground fault types). The calculations are then verified through a dual mechanism of "historical data comparison + cross-validation" (deviation rate ≤ 5%). This overcomes the limitations of traditional "static calculation based on fixed operating modes (such as rated load)" and solves the problem of short-circuit current calculation deviations caused by peak-valley fluctuations in grid load. For example, for a 110kV line with a 20% load fluctuation, dynamic calculation can correct the short-circuit current value in real time, while traditional static values ​​will deviate from the actual value by 12-18%. This avoids protection maloperation (too small setting) or failure to operate (too large setting) caused by inaccurate current values.

[0019] Step four's rule engine invokes the rule library according to the hierarchical logic of "equipment topology → short-circuit current → time-limit coordination," taking the topology parsing results and short-circuit current values ​​as inputs to modularly match preliminary relay protection parameters (such as calculating the operating current setting based on the maximum short-circuit current and determining the operating time limit based on the differential rule). This replaces the traditional parameter generation method of "manual table lookup calculation + experience adjustment," eliminating problems such as "incorrect formula application and logical confusion" in manual calculations. For example, the rule engine can automatically calculate the operating current according to the rule of "line protection reliability coefficient 1.2~1.3, transformer protection reliability coefficient 1.3~1.5," while manual calculations often misuse coefficients due to memory bias. The efficiency of preliminary relay protection parameter generation is improved to the minute level, and the calculation logic is traceable, solving the problem of difficulty in tracing the traditional parameter generation process.

[0020] Step five involves multi-dimensional verification based on "time limit compliance (gradient threshold), current setting rationality (sensitivity coefficient ≥ 1.5), and grid adaptability (matching degree ≥ 90%)". For unqualified parameters, the rule engine is triggered to re-invoke the corresponding rules for adjustment (if the time limit is not met, the grade difference rule is re-matched). This overcomes the shortcomings of traditional "manual sampling after parameter generation" by constructing a "generation-verification-adjustment" closed loop, preventing parameter failure due to errors in a single link. If the time limit difference between primary and backup protection in the initial relay protection parameters does not meet the ≥ 0.3-second rule, the system can automatically call the action time limit coordination rule to recalculate, without manual intervention. This significantly reduces the cost of parameter correction during on-site commissioning, ensuring that the relay protection device can act quickly and isolate accurately in the event of a fault.

[0021] Preferably, in step one, the device topology rules include general judgment principles for cross-type devices, including: The principle of voltage level consistency applies: the rated voltage deviation of directly connected equipment should be ≤±10%. Phase sequence matching principle: the phase sequence markings of connected devices correspond one-to-one, and the phase sequence deviation is ≤5°; The grounding method should be coordinated with the power grid grounding system, and the grounding resistance should comply with the DL / T475 standard.

[0022] In the equipment topology rules, the specific criteria for determining the connection relationship of transformers are as follows: The validity of the physical connection between the winding terminals and external equipment is determined based on a conduction resistance ≤50mΩ. Voltage level matching requirement: The deviation between the rated voltage of the external equipment and the rated voltage of the winding is ≤ ±5%; The change in tap position does not alter the topological connection relationship; it is only used as a parameter input for short-circuit current calculation. The effectiveness of the grounding connection must meet the requirement that the grounding resistance is ≤10Ω and the grounding method is compatible with the power grid.

[0023] In the device topology rules, the specific criteria for determining the connection relationship of lines are as follows: The equipment at both ends must be a combination of "circuit breaker + disconnector", and the rated voltage and current must be greater than or equal to the rated value of the line. The validity of the on / off status requires that both the disconnecting switch and the circuit breaker are in the closed state and there is no open circuit alarm signal; T-connection branches must be marked with the branch point location, and their voltage level and phase sequence must be consistent with the main line, and the corresponding grounding electrode must be associated with them.

[0024] Preferably, in step one, the short-circuit current calculation rule further includes: Fault type adaptation rules are set up for three-phase short circuit, two-phase short circuit and single-phase ground fault, and calculation models are configured separately. Among them, the single-phase ground fault model integrates a zero-sequence current compensation coefficient of 0.8 to 1.2. The load fluctuation correction rule dynamically adjusts the calculation parameters based on real-time load data updated every second, and the correction coefficient is generated through training on no less than 1,000 sets of peak and valley load data over the past three months. The accuracy control threshold is set so that the deviation rate between the calculated value and the historical fault data of the same period is ≤5%. If the deviation rate is exceeded, a second calculation is triggered.

[0025] Preferably, in step one, the action time limit coordination rules include: The threshold difference between the main protection and backup protection, the time difference between the time-limited instantaneous overcurrent protection and the overcurrent protection is ≥0.3 seconds, and the time difference between the upper and lower levels of the overcurrent protection is ≥0.5 seconds; The time limit reverse coordination rule stipulates that when multiple protection devices are configured for the same protected equipment, the time limit values ​​shall be increased sequentially in the order of main protection, near backup protection, and far backup protection, with an increment of not less than 0.2 seconds.

[0026] Preferably, in step two, the parsing process of the topology analysis engine includes: Data access: Real-time acquisition of remote signaling data (equipment opening and closing status) from the power grid SCADA system, equipment physical location data from the GIS system, and equipment parameter data from the PMS system; Among them, SCADA system is a computer-based production process control and scheduling automation system that monitors and controls on-site operating equipment; GIS system is a data management system with a spatial professional form of information system, and is a computer system that centralizes, stores, operates, and displays geographic reference information; PMS system is the information system of power enterprises, which integrates the operation and maintenance of power generation equipment to grid dispatch and control, and collects, processes and analyzes power production information through computer and network communication technology, covering functions such as equipment management, maintenance management and operation management.

[0027] Topology association uses a three-level association model of nodes, branches, and devices to automatically identify the electrical connection relationship between newly added devices and adjacent devices, with an identification time of ≤2 minutes / 100 devices; The protection zone is defined based on the equipment topology, with the protected equipment as the center, extending outward to the protection zone boundary of the adjacent circuit breaker to form a closed electrical area.

[0028] Preferably, in step three, the calculation process of the dynamic short-circuit calculation engine includes: Parallel calculation of multiple fault types, simultaneously calculating three-phase short circuit, two-phase short circuit, and single-phase ground fault types; Short-circuit current verification first involves comparing historical fault data, then cross-validating parameters of similar equipment. If three consecutive verifications fail, manual intervention is triggered.

[0029] Preferably, in step four, the modular parsing process of the rule engine includes: The hierarchical calling logic is invoked sequentially according to the order of device topology rules, short-circuit current calculation rules, and action time limit coordination rules, with the output of the previous level rule serving as the input of the next level rule; Rule conflict handling: When there is a conflict between the analysis results of different rules (such as the operating current setting satisfying two different calculation formulas at the same time), the calculation model is selected according to the principle of prioritizing short-circuit current accuracy, and the accuracy is judged by the minimum deviation rate.

[0030] Preferably, in step four, the preliminary relay protection parameters include: The operating current setting is used to calculate the reliability coefficient based on the maximum short-circuit current value and the sensitivity coefficient based on the minimum short-circuit current value. The action time limit is set as follows: the action time limit of the main protection is ≤0.04 seconds, and the action time limit of the backup protection increases step by step according to the threshold difference. The protection range coefficient is 0.8 to 0.9 for line protection and 1.0 to 1.1 for transformer protection, ensuring that the protection range overlaps with adjacent equipment by ≥10%.

[0031] Preferably, in step five, the compliance verification includes: The timing of the actions complies with the following regulations: the time difference between the main protection and the backup protection, and the time difference between the upper and lower level protections, all meet the threshold requirements of the timing coordination rules. The operating current setting is reasonable, with the operating current setting being ≥ 1.2 times the normal operating current, and the sensitivity coefficient under the maximum short-circuit current being ≥ 1.5; Grid adaptability verification: the matching degree between parameter values ​​and grid voltage level and equipment capacity is ≥90%, and the matching degree is calculated according to the preset equipment parameter and protection parameter mapping table.

[0032] like Figure 2 As shown, an automatic relay protection parameter generation system based on a rule engine includes: The multi-level rule base module is used to store device topology rules, short-circuit current calculation rules, and action time limit coordination rules. Each rule is encoded in the form of parsable logical statements and supports dynamic addition, deletion, and priority configuration. The topology analysis module is configured to access real-time topology data of the power grid. It analyzes the protection range of the protection device and the associated equipment information through a three-level association model of nodes, branches and equipment, and outputs structured topology association results. The dynamic short-circuit calculation module communicates with the topology analysis module, receives information from associated devices and real-time power grid operation data, performs short-circuit current calculation and accuracy verification for multiple fault types based on short-circuit current calculation rules, and outputs the maximum / minimum short-circuit current values. The rule engine module communicates with the multi-level rule base module, the topology analysis module, and the dynamic short-circuit calculation module, respectively. It loads the multi-level rule base and performs modular analysis on the topology association results and short-circuit current values ​​to generate preliminary relay protection parameters. The compliance verification module communicates with the rule engine module to perform time limit coordination, current setting and grid adaptability verification on the preliminary relay protection parameters. If the verification passes, the final relay protection parameters are output. If the verification fails, the rule engine module is triggered to readjust the preliminary relay protection parameters.

[0033] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. This invention relies on a topology analysis engine to identify associated devices through a three-level association model of "node-branch-device"; the dynamic short-circuit calculation engine supports parallel calculation of three-phase, two-phase, and single-phase ground faults, with a single-type fault calculation time of ≤15 seconds; the rule engine automatically calls the rule library according to hierarchical logic, outputting preliminary relay protection parameters in minutes. This shortens the entire relay protection parameter configuration process, improves efficiency, and meets the needs of rapid configuration and immediate effect in equipment commissioning scenarios, avoiding the impact of delayed parameter configuration on the reliability of power grid supply.

[0034] 2. This invention transforms fuzzy experience into executable quantitative indicators through a multi-level rule base; the dynamic short-circuit calculation engine combines real-time operating data (load fluctuations, power output) to correct calculated values, and ensures that the short-circuit current deviation rate is ≤5% through "historical data comparison + cross-validation"; the compliance verification module verifies from multiple dimensions such as "time limit coordination, current setting value, and grid adaptation". Unqualified parameters trigger the rule engine to automatically adjust, reducing the parameter configuration error rate and improving the accuracy of short-circuit current calculation and the accuracy of action time limit coordination. It effectively avoids protection maloperation (such as current setting value being too small) or failure to operate (such as current setting value being too large) caused by parameter errors, and ensures rapid isolation and accurate protection in the event of grid faults.

[0035] 3. This invention uses a topology analysis engine to collect remote signaling and topology data from SCADA and GIS systems in real time. When new equipment is added to the power grid or lines are reconnected, the protection range can be re-analyzed immediately. The dynamic short-circuit calculation engine updates real-time power grid load data every second, automatically triggering calculation corrections when load fluctuations exceed 20%, avoiding the disconnect between traditional fixed load calculations and actual conditions. The compliance verification closed loop can be linked with the rule engine to automatically regenerate parameters when the power grid state changes. This upgrades relay protection parameters from a static mode that remains unchanged after configuration to a dynamic mode that automatically adapts to changes in power grid topology and operating modes, eliminating the need for repeated manual adjustments. This ensures the matching degree between relay protection parameters and the actual power grid state throughout the entire lifecycle, avoiding protection performance degradation due to parameter lag, and adapting to complex power grid scenarios such as new energy grid integration and load peak-valley fluctuations.

Claims

1. A method for automatically generating relay protection parameters based on a rule engine, characterized in that... The steps include the following: Step 1: Construct a multi-level rule base. The multi-level rule base should include at least equipment topology rules, short-circuit current calculation rules, and action time limit coordination rules. Among them, equipment topology rules define the criteria for determining the connection relationship of different types of power equipment, short-circuit current calculation rules include short-circuit current calculation models and accuracy control thresholds based on equipment parameters and grid voltage levels, and action time limit coordination rules specify the action time limit difference requirements between different protection devices. Step 2: Using the power grid topology automatic identification technology, the real-time topology data of the target power grid is parsed through the topology analysis engine to identify the equipment and protected objects of each relay protection device in the power grid, and to extract the protection range and associated equipment information of the relay protection device. The associated equipment information includes at least the model parameters of the protected equipment, the list of adjacent equipment, and the connection line parameters. Step 3: Integrate the dynamic short-circuit calculation engine. Input the extracted related equipment information and the real-time operation mode data of the target power grid into the dynamic short-circuit calculation engine. The dynamic short-circuit calculation engine will automatically calculate the short-circuit current value of the protected equipment under different fault types and verify it according to the short-circuit current calculation rules in the multi-level rule base. It will output the maximum short-circuit current value and the minimum short-circuit current value that have passed the verification. Step 4: Start the rule engine, load the multi-level rule base, and input the real-time topology data parsing results of the target power grid and the verified maximum / minimum short-circuit current values ​​into the rule engine. The rule engine performs modular parsing of the relay protection parameter generation logic and obtains preliminary relay protection parameters based on the parsing results. Step 5: Perform compliance verification on the preliminary relay protection parameters. If the verification passes, the final relay protection parameters are output. If the verification fails, the rule engine will call the corresponding rule again to adjust and match the parameters according to the reason for the verification failure. This verification process will be repeated until the final relay protection parameters that pass the verification are generated.

2. The method for automatically generating relay protection parameters based on a rule engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step one, the device topology rules include general judgment principles for cross-type devices, including: The principle of voltage level consistency applies: the rated voltage deviation of directly connected equipment should be ≤±10%. Phase sequence matching principle: the phase sequence markings of connected devices correspond one-to-one, and the phase sequence deviation is ≤5°; The grounding method should be coordinated with the grounding system of the power grid.

3. The method for automatically generating relay protection parameters based on a rule engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step one, the short-circuit current calculation rules also include: Fault type adaptation rules are set up for three-phase short circuit, two-phase short circuit and single-phase ground fault, and calculation models are configured separately. Among them, the single-phase ground fault model integrates a zero-sequence current compensation coefficient of 0.8 to 1.

2. The load fluctuation correction rule dynamically adjusts the calculation parameters based on real-time load data updated every second, and the correction coefficient is generated through training on no less than 1,000 sets of peak and valley load data over the past three months. The accuracy control threshold is set so that the deviation rate between the calculated value and the historical fault data of the same period is ≤5%. If the deviation rate is exceeded, a second calculation is triggered.

4. The method for automatically generating relay protection parameters based on a rule engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step one, the action time limit coordination rules include: The threshold difference between the main protection and backup protection, the time difference between the time-limited instantaneous overcurrent protection and the overcurrent protection is ≥0.3 seconds, and the time difference between the upper and lower levels of the overcurrent protection is ≥0.5 seconds; The time limit reverse coordination rule stipulates that when multiple protection devices are configured for the same protected equipment, the time limit values ​​shall be increased sequentially in the order of main protection, near backup protection, and far backup protection, with an increment of not less than 0.2 seconds.

5. The method for automatically generating relay protection parameters based on a rule engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step two, the parsing process of the topology analysis engine includes: Data access: Real-time acquisition of remote signaling data from the power grid SCADA system, equipment physical location data from the GIS system, and equipment parameter data from the PMS system; Topology association uses a three-level association model of nodes, branches, and devices to automatically identify the electrical connection relationship between newly added devices and adjacent devices. The protection zone is defined based on the equipment topology, with the protected equipment as the center, extending outward to the protection zone boundary of the adjacent circuit breaker to form a closed electrical area.

6. The method for automatically generating relay protection parameters based on a rule engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step three, the calculation process of the dynamic short-circuit calculation engine includes: Parallel calculation of multiple fault types, simultaneously calculating three-phase short circuit, two-phase short circuit, and single-phase ground fault types; Short-circuit current verification first involves comparing historical fault data, then cross-validating parameters of similar equipment. If three consecutive verifications fail, manual intervention is triggered.

7. The method for automatically generating relay protection parameters based on a rule engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step four, the modular parsing process of the rule engine includes: The hierarchical calling logic is invoked sequentially according to the order of device topology rules, short-circuit current calculation rules, and action time limit coordination rules, with the output of the previous level rule serving as the input of the next level rule; Rule conflict handling: When there is a conflict between the analysis results of different rules, the calculation model is selected based on the principle of prioritizing short-circuit current accuracy, and the accuracy is judged by the minimum deviation rate.

8. The method for automatically generating relay protection parameters based on a rule engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step four, the preliminary relay protection parameters include: The operating current setting is used to calculate the reliability coefficient based on the maximum short-circuit current value and the sensitivity coefficient based on the minimum short-circuit current value. The action time limit is set as follows: the action time limit of the main protection is ≤0.04 seconds, and the action time limit of the backup protection increases step by step according to the threshold difference. The protection range coefficient is 0.8 to 0.9 for line protection and 1.0 to 1.1 for transformer protection, ensuring that the protection range overlaps with adjacent equipment by ≥10%.

9. The method for automatically generating relay protection parameters based on a rule engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step five, the compliance verification includes: The timing of the actions complies with the following regulations: the time difference between the main protection and the backup protection, and the time difference between the upper and lower level protections, all meet the threshold requirements of the timing coordination rules. The operating current setting is reasonable, with the operating current setting being ≥ 1.2 times the normal operating current, and the sensitivity coefficient under the maximum short-circuit current being ≥ 1.5; Grid adaptability verification: the matching degree between parameter values ​​and grid voltage level and equipment capacity is ≥90%, and the matching degree is calculated according to the preset equipment parameter and protection parameter mapping table.

10. A relay protection parameter automatic generation system based on a rule engine, characterized in that... include: The multi-level rule base module is used to store device topology rules, short-circuit current calculation rules, and action time limit coordination rules. Each rule is encoded in the form of parsable logical statements and supports dynamic addition, deletion, and priority configuration. The topology analysis module is configured to access real-time topology data of the power grid. It analyzes the protection range of the protection device and the associated equipment information through a three-level association model of nodes, branches and equipment, and outputs structured topology association results. The dynamic short-circuit calculation module communicates with the topology analysis module, receives information from associated devices and real-time power grid operation data, performs short-circuit current calculation and accuracy verification for multiple fault types based on short-circuit current calculation rules, and outputs the maximum / minimum short-circuit current values. The rule engine module communicates with the multi-level rule base module, the topology analysis module, and the dynamic short-circuit calculation module, respectively. It loads the multi-level rule base and performs modular analysis on the topology association results and short-circuit current values ​​to generate preliminary relay protection parameters. The compliance verification module communicates with the rule engine module to perform time limit coordination, current setting and grid adaptability verification on the preliminary relay protection parameters. If the verification passes, the final relay protection parameters are output. If the verification fails, the rule engine module is triggered to readjust the preliminary relay protection parameters.

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