An uninterruptible power supply system

Abstract

The application provides an uninterrupted power supply system. A commercial power input is electrically connected with an input of an AC-DC unit, an output of the AC-DC unit is electrically connected with an input of a DC-AC unit to form a first discharge path. A first end of a bidirectional DC-DC unit is electrically connected with an output of at least one portable energy storage module, a second end of the bidirectional DC-DC unit is electrically connected with the input of the DC-AC unit to form a second discharge path. A master control unit is connected with the commercial power input, and is configured to provide power for a load output through the first discharge path when it is determined that the commercial power input is in a normal state according to electrical information of the commercial power input, and provide power for the load output through the second discharge path when the commercial power input is in an abnormal state. In this way, the first discharge path and the second discharge path are arranged in parallel, zero-interruption power supply can be realized, and the structure is simple and the cost is low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power supply technology, and more particularly to an uninterruptible power supply system. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional online UPS systems mostly adopt a topology of "alternating operation of the mains power path and the energy storage path". When the mains power is normal, the mains power supplies the load and charges the energy storage battery; when the mains power is interrupted, the mains power path needs to be disconnected first and then the energy storage path needs to be connected. The power supply conversion is achieved through the "disconnect-then-connect" switching method. This switching method has a significant switching delay (usually above milliseconds), which will cause the load to lose power briefly. It cannot meet the needs of devices with extremely high power continuity requirements, such as routers, optical modems, and small servers.

[0003] Existing zero-interruption UPS systems employ complex switching topologies and control logic, resulting in higher costs and larger sizes, making them difficult to adapt to small and portable scenarios. Furthermore, their switching logic often relies on "pre-switching + fast switching," which can easily conflict with existing structures. Additionally, issues such as circulating current and voltage fluctuations can occur during the switching process, affecting the normal operation of the load. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides an uninterruptible power supply system that connects a first discharge path and a second discharge path in parallel, enabling zero-interruption power supply with a simple structure and low cost.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an uninterruptible power supply system, the uninterruptible power supply system including a charging base and at least one portable energy storage module; the charging base includes an AC power input terminal, an AC to DC unit, a DC to AC unit, a bidirectional DC to DC unit, a load output terminal, and a main control unit; The AC power input terminal is electrically connected to the input terminal of the AC to DC unit, and the output terminal of the AC to DC unit is electrically connected to the input terminal of the DC to AC unit to form a first discharge path. The first end of the bidirectional DC-to-DC unit is electrically connected to the output end of at least one of the portable energy storage modules, and the second end of the bidirectional DC-to-DC unit is electrically connected to the input end of the DC-to-AC unit to form a second discharge path; the output end of the DC-to-AC unit is electrically connected to the load output end. The main control unit is connected to the mains input terminal and is used to provide power to the load output terminal through the first discharge path when the mains input terminal is determined to be in a normal state based on the electrical information of the mains input terminal, and to provide power to the load output terminal through the second discharge path when the mains input terminal is in an abnormal state.

[0006] Optionally, the second end of the bidirectional DC-to-DC unit is also electrically connected to the output end of the AC-to-DC unit to form a charging path; When the mains power input terminal is in a normal state, at least one of the portable energy storage modules is also charged through the charging path.

[0007] Optionally, the charging base further includes a first synchronization control unit, which is communicatively connected to the DC-to-AC unit and the main control unit respectively; When the main control unit determines that the mains input terminal is in a normal state based on the electrical information of the mains input terminal, it provides power through the first discharge path and sends a synchronization control command to the first synchronization control unit. After receiving the synchronization control command, the first synchronization control unit sends a synchronization phase-locking command to the DC-to-AC unit based on the electrical information to control the output power of the DC-to-AC unit to be synchronized with the output power of the mains input terminal.

[0008] Optionally, the electrical information includes phase information and voltage information; When the difference between the phase information of the output power at the mains input terminal and the phase information of the output power of the DC-to-AC unit is less than a first preset value, and the voltage synchronization deviation between the voltage information of the output power at the mains input terminal and the voltage information of the output power of the DC-to-AC unit is less than a second preset value, it is determined that the output power of the DC-to-AC unit is synchronized with the output power at the mains input terminal.

[0009] Optionally, the charging base further includes a second synchronization control unit, which is communicatively connected to the bidirectional DC-to-DC unit and the main control unit. When the main control unit determines that the mains input terminal is in an abnormal state based on the electrical information of the mains input terminal, it sends a power control command to the second synchronous control unit. After receiving the power control command, the second synchronous control unit switches the bidirectional DC-DC converter to discharge mode and adjusts the output power of the bidirectional DC-DC converter to provide power to the load output terminal.

[0010] Optionally, the electrical information includes the voltage drop slope, and after receiving the power control command, the second synchronous control unit adjusts the voltage rise slope of the bidirectional DC-DC converter to be greater than the voltage drop slope of the mains input terminal.

[0011] Optionally, the main control unit determines that the mains input terminal is in an abnormal state within a first preset time period, and controls the bidirectional DC-to-DC unit to switch to discharge mode through the second synchronous control unit within a second preset time period, wherein the first preset time is less than or equal to 40μs and the second preset time is less than or equal to 80μs.

[0012] Optionally, after determining that the mains input terminal has recovered from an abnormal state to a normal state based on the electrical information of the mains input terminal, the main control unit provides power to the load output terminal through the first discharge path, while controlling the output power of the bidirectional DC-DC converter to the load output terminal to gradually decrease to 0, and after a third preset time after the normal state is restored, the bidirectional DC-DC converter is switched to charging mode, so that the mains input terminal supplies power to at least one of the portable energy storage modules through the AC-DC converter and the bidirectional DC-DC converter.

[0013] Optionally, the electrical information includes voltage information, frequency information, phase information, and voltage drop slope; The main control unit determines that the mains input terminal is in the abnormal state when the electrical information meets any of the following conditions: the voltage information is less than or equal to a third preset value; the absolute value of the difference between the frequency information and the rated frequency information of the mains is greater than a fourth preset value; the difference of the phase information within a set time is greater than a fifth preset value; and the absolute value of the voltage drop slope is less than or equal to a drop slope preset value.

[0014] Optionally, the portable energy storage module includes a battery unit, a charge / discharge management unit, and a communication unit; The communication unit is communicatively connected to both the main control unit and the charge / discharge management unit. When the main control unit determines that the mains input terminal is in a normal state based on the electrical information of the mains input terminal, it sends a charging command to the charging and discharging management unit through the communication unit to charge the battery unit through the bidirectional DC-DC converter. When the main control unit determines that the mains input terminal is in an abnormal state based on the electrical information of the mains input terminal, it sends a discharge command to the charge and discharge management unit through the communication unit to provide power to the bidirectional DC-DC converter through the battery unit.

[0015] In summary, in this embodiment of the invention, the AC power input terminal is electrically connected to the input terminal of the AC-to-DC unit, and the output terminal of the AC-to-DC unit is electrically connected to the input terminal of the DC-to-AC unit, forming a first discharge path. The first terminal of the bidirectional DC-to-DC unit is electrically connected to the output terminal of at least one portable energy storage module, and the second terminal of the bidirectional DC-to-DC unit is electrically connected to the input terminal of the DC-to-AC unit, forming a second discharge path. Thus, in the above circuit structure, the first and second discharge paths are connected in parallel. When the AC power input terminal is in a normal state, the first discharge path provides power to the load output terminal. When an abnormal state is detected at the AC power input terminal, the second discharge path provides power to the load output terminal. This eliminates the need for a disconnect-then-reconnect switching action, achieving zero-interruption power supply and meeting the requirements of scenarios with extremely high power supply continuity. Furthermore, the parallel structure of the first and second discharge paths simplifies the circuit, eliminates the need for complex switching topologies, reduces production costs and equipment size, and is suitable for small, portable scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an uninterruptible power supply system provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another uninterruptible power supply system provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of another uninterruptible power supply system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be fully described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of this invention, through specific implementation methods. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort fall within the protection scope of this invention.

[0018] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an uninterruptible power supply system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. See also... Figure 1 The uninterruptible power supply (UPS) system includes a charging dock 10 and at least one portable energy storage module 20. The charging dock 10 includes an AC mains input terminal, an AC-to-DC converter 110, a DC-to-AC converter 120, a bidirectional DC-to-DC converter 130, a load output terminal OUT, and a main control unit 140. The AC mains input terminal is electrically connected to the input terminal of the AC-to-DC converter 110, and the output terminal of the AC-to-DC converter 110 is electrically connected to the input terminal of the DC-to-AC converter 120 to form a first discharge path. The first terminal of the bidirectional DC-to-DC converter 130 is electrically connected to the output terminal of at least one portable energy storage module 20, and the second terminal of the bidirectional DC-to-DC converter 130 is electrically connected to the input terminal of the DC-to-AC converter 120 to form a second discharge path. The output terminal of the DC-to-AC converter 120 is electrically connected to the load output terminal OUT. The main control unit 140 is connected to the AC mains input terminal and is used to provide power to the load output terminal OUT through a first discharge path when the AC mains input terminal is determined to be in a normal state based on the electrical information of the AC mains input terminal, and to provide power to the load output terminal OUT through a second discharge path when the AC mains input terminal is in an abnormal state.

[0020] Specifically, the uninterruptible power supply (UPS) system includes a charging base 10 and at least one portable energy storage module 20. The UPS system is a constant voltage and constant frequency UPS containing an energy storage device and primarily composed of an inverter, mainly providing uninterrupted current for special electrical equipment in specific scenarios (such as medical or factory settings). The portable energy storage module 20 can be a power bank, portable and convenient for charging mobile phones, tablets, or laptops outdoors. The charging base 10 is connected to the AC mains input, and at least one portable energy storage module 20 is pluggably mounted on the charging base 10. Thus, the charging base 10 can provide uninterrupted power to external loads via the AC mains input, or provide uninterrupted power to external loads via at least one portable energy storage module 20.

[0021] For example, the charging base 10 includes an AC mains input terminal, an AC-to-DC unit 110, a DC-to-AC unit 120, a bidirectional DC-to-DC unit 130, a load output terminal OUT, and a main control unit 140. The AC-to-DC unit 110 converts the AC power output from the AC mains input terminal into DC power. The DC-to-AC unit 120 converts the DC power provided by the portable energy storage module 20 or the DC power provided by the AC-to-DC unit 110 into AC power and provides it to the load output terminal OUT, thereby providing uninterrupted power to the external load. Furthermore, the AC mains input terminal is electrically connected to the input terminal of the AC-to-DC unit 110, and the output terminal of the AC-to-DC unit 110 is electrically connected to the input terminal of the DC-to-AC unit 120 to form a first discharge path. Thus, when the AC input terminal is in normal condition, the AC power output from the AC input terminal is transmitted to the AC to DC unit 110. After the AC power is converted to DC power by the AC to DC unit 110, it is transmitted to the DC to AC unit 120. The output terminal of the DC to AC unit 120 is electrically connected to the load output terminal OUT. The DC to AC unit 120 converts the DC power to AC power and transmits it to the load output terminal OUT to provide uninterrupted power to the external load, thus forming the first discharge path.

[0022] Furthermore, the first end of the bidirectional DC-to-DC unit 130 is electrically connected to the output end of at least one portable energy storage module 20, and the second end of the bidirectional DC-to-DC unit 130 is electrically connected to the input end of the DC-to-AC unit 120, thus forming a second discharge path. When the AC mains input is in an abnormal state, the DC power provided by at least one portable energy storage module 20 is transmitted through the bidirectional DC-to-DC unit 130 to the DC-to-AC unit 120. The output end of the DC-to-AC unit 120 is electrically connected to the load output end OUT, thereby converting the DC power (provided by the portable energy storage module 20) into AC power and transmitting it to the load output end OUT to provide uninterrupted power to the external load, thus forming a second discharge path.

[0023] In addition, the main control unit 140 is connected to the AC mains input terminal. The main control unit 140 can detect the electrical information of the AC mains input terminal. This electrical information refers to one or more types of electrical parameters collected from the AC mains input terminal that reflect the electrical operating status of the power grid. These electrical parameters can be obtained by sampling and calculating the mains voltage signal and can at least characterize the voltage amplitude level, frequency deviation, phase evolution characteristics, and dynamic trend of voltage changes in the power grid at a certain moment or time period. Those skilled in the art will understand that the specific composition of the electrical information can be selected according to the detection purpose and the needs of the anomaly criteria, and may include, but is not limited to, voltage information, frequency information, phase information, and voltage drop slope. After acquiring the electrical information, the main control unit 140 can determine whether the AC mains input terminal is normal based on the electrical information. When it is determined that the AC mains input terminal is in a normal state, power is provided to the load output terminal OUT through the first discharge path, that is, an uninterruptible power supply is provided to the external load through the AC mains input terminal. When the AC mains input is determined to be in an abnormal state, power is supplied to the OUT load output through the second discharge path, i.e., an uninterruptible power supply is provided to the external load through at least one portable energy storage module 20. Since the first and second discharge paths are connected in parallel, there is no need for a disconnect-then-reconnect switching action when the AC mains input is in an abnormal state (the first discharge path is disconnected and not working, while the second discharge path is working), thus achieving zero-interruption power supply. This meets the requirements of scenarios with extremely high power supply continuity requirements. Furthermore, the parallel structure of the first and second discharge paths simplifies the circuit, eliminates the need for complex switching topologies, reduces production costs and equipment size, and is suitable for small and portable scenarios.

[0024] It should be noted that, as Figure 1 As shown, the charging base 10 also includes a filter buffer unit 150 disposed between the AC mains input terminal AC and the AC-to-DC unit 110. The filter buffer unit 150 is used to filter the AC power output from the AC mains input terminal AC before transmitting it to the AC-to-DC unit 110. In addition, a load output unit 160 is disposed between the DC-to-AC unit 120 and the load output terminal OUT to ensure the normal output of AC power.

[0025] In summary, in this embodiment of the invention, the AC power input terminal is electrically connected to the input terminal of the AC-to-DC unit, and the output terminal of the AC-to-DC unit is electrically connected to the input terminal of the DC-to-AC unit, forming a first discharge path. The first terminal of the bidirectional DC-to-DC unit is electrically connected to the output terminal of at least one portable energy storage module, and the second terminal of the bidirectional DC-to-DC unit is electrically connected to the input terminal of the DC-to-AC unit, forming a second discharge path. Thus, in the above circuit structure, the first and second discharge paths are connected in parallel. When the AC power input terminal is in a normal state, the first discharge path provides power to the load output terminal. When an abnormal state is detected at the AC power input terminal, the second discharge path provides power to the load output terminal, eliminating the need for switching and achieving zero-interruption power supply. This meets the requirements of scenarios with extremely high power supply continuity. Furthermore, the parallel structure of the first and second discharge paths simplifies the circuit, eliminates the need for complex switching topologies, reduces production costs and equipment size, and is suitable for small, portable scenarios.

[0026] Optional, see below Figure 1 The second end of the bidirectional DC-to-DC unit 130 is also electrically connected to the output end of the AC-to-DC unit 110 to form a charging path. When the AC mains input is in a normal state, at least one portable energy storage module 20 is also charged through the charging path.

[0027] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the output terminal of the AC-to-DC unit 110 is electrically connected to the input terminal of the DC-to-AC unit 120 and the second terminal of the bidirectional DC-to-DC unit 130, respectively. When the AC mains input terminal is in a normal state, part of the DC power output from the AC-to-DC unit 110 is converted into AC power by the DC-to-AC unit 120 and transmitted to the load output terminal OUT. The other part is transmitted to at least one portable energy storage module 20 through the bidirectional DC-to-DC unit 130 to charge the at least one portable energy storage module 20. In other words, when the AC mains input terminal is in a normal state, AC power is provided to the load output terminal OUT through the first discharge path, and at least one portable energy storage module 20 is charged through the charging path. This ensures uninterrupted power supply to the external load while meeting the charging needs of the portable energy storage module 20, ensuring that the portable energy storage module 20 can subsequently provide power to the external load.

[0028] Optional, Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another uninterruptible power supply system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. See also... Figure 2The charging base 10 also includes a first synchronization control unit 170, which is communicatively connected to the DC-to-AC unit 120 and the main control unit 140. When the main control unit 140 determines that the AC power input terminal is in a normal state based on the electrical information of the AC power input terminal, it provides power through the first discharge path and sends a synchronization control command to the first synchronization control unit 170. After receiving the synchronization control command, the first synchronization control unit 170 sends a synchronization phase-locking command to the DC-to-AC unit 120 based on the electrical information to control the output power of the DC-to-AC unit 120 to be synchronized with the output power of the AC power input terminal.

[0029] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, the charging base 10 also includes a first synchronization control unit 170. The first synchronization control unit 170 is used to adjust the output of the DC-to-AC unit 120 so that the output of the DC-to-AC unit 120 is synchronized with the output of the AC mains input terminal. This ensures that when power is supplied to an external load through the first discharge path, the output power provided by the DC-to-AC unit 120 is synchronized with the output power provided by the AC mains input terminal, suppressing the circulating current between the first and second discharge paths and reducing heat loss and stress on power devices. For example, when the AC mains input terminal is in a normal state and power is provided through the first discharge path, the main control unit 140 sends a synchronization control command to the first synchronization control unit 170. The synchronization control command is used to synchronize the output of the DC-to-AC unit 120 with the output of the AC mains input terminal. After receiving the synchronization control command, the first synchronization control unit 170 sends a synchronization phase-locking command to the DC-to-AC unit 120 according to the electrical information, and adjusts the output of the DC-to-AC unit 120 according to the synchronization phase-locking command so that the output power of the DC-to-AC unit 120 is synchronized with the output power of the AC mains input terminal. It is understandable that the output power of the DC-to-AC unit 120 is synchronized with the output power of the AC mains input terminal. This can be achieved by synchronizing the voltage information of the output power of the DC-to-AC unit 120 with the voltage information of the output power of the AC mains input terminal, as well as synchronizing the phase information of the output power of the DC-to-AC unit 120 with the phase of the output power of the AC mains input terminal, thereby suppressing the circulating current between the first discharge path and the second discharge path.

[0030] Optional, see below Figure 2 The electrical information includes phase information and voltage information. When the difference between the phase information of the output power of the AC power input terminal and the phase information of the output power of the DC-to-AC unit is less than a first preset value; and the voltage synchronization deviation between the voltage information of the output power of the AC power input terminal and the voltage information of the output power of the DC-to-AC unit 120 is less than a second preset value, it is determined that the output power of the DC-to-AC unit 120 is synchronized with the output power of the AC power input terminal.

[0031] Specifically, in this embodiment, the electrical information includes phase information and voltage information. The difference between the phase information of the output power of the AC mains input terminal and the phase information of the output power of the DC-to-AC unit determines the parallel inrush current. When the output of the DC-to-AC unit 120 is connected in parallel or synchronously with the AC mains input terminal, the greater the difference in their phase information, the greater the sinusoidal amplitude step increase of the inrush current during parallel or synchronous output, which leads to increased stress on the external load, increased risk of relay welding, and voltage distortion at the load end. Therefore, this embodiment sets the difference in their phase information to be less than a first preset value, which can be 3°. It is understood that industry standards for zero-switching and residential energy storage on / off-grid generally control the phase difference to be less than or equal to 3°. Under this threshold, the inrush current can be limited to within 20% of the rated current, meeting the requirements for seamless switching. Meanwhile, the phase difference control at a phase-locked loop accuracy of less than or equal to 3° requires moderate PLL bandwidth. A software-based phase-locked loop can complete phase tracking within the control cycle of an industrial-grade MCU, eliminating the need for expensive DSPs or FPGAs, thus balancing real-time performance and cost. Furthermore, the voltage synchronization deviation between the output voltage information of the AC mains input terminal and the output voltage information of the DC-to-AC unit 120 is set to be less than a second preset value. This voltage synchronization deviation can be understood as the difference between the AC mains input terminal voltage information and the DC-to-AC unit 120 voltage information, representing a percentage of the AC mains input terminal voltage information. The second preset value can be 2%. The voltage synchronization deviation determines the circulating current between the first and second discharge paths. By setting the voltage synchronization deviation to be less than the second preset value, the circulating current between the first and second discharge paths can be suppressed, reducing heat loss and external load stress. It is understood that the response time of the above synchronization process is less than 10ms, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the first discharge path.

[0032] Optional, see below Figure 2 The charging base 10 also includes a second synchronization control unit 180, which is communicatively connected to the bidirectional DC-DC converter 130 and the main control unit 140.

[0033] When the main control unit 140 determines that the AC mains input terminal is in an abnormal state based on the electrical information of the AC mains input terminal, it sends a power control command to the second synchronous control unit 180. After receiving the power control command, the second synchronous control unit 180 switches the bidirectional DC to DC unit 130 to discharge mode and adjusts the output power of the bidirectional DC to DC unit 130 to provide power to the load output terminal OUT.

[0034] Specifically, the second synchronization control unit 180 is used to control the output power of at least one portable energy storage module 20 in the second discharge path when the AC mains input terminal is in an abnormal state. This ensures that when power is provided to the load output terminal OUT through the second discharge path, the portable energy storage module 20 can provide sufficient output power to the load output terminal OUT, ensuring the normal operation of the external load when the entire system switches to the second discharge path. For example, when the main control unit 140 determines that the AC mains input terminal is in an abnormal state based on the electrical information of the AC mains input terminal, it sends a power control command to the second synchronization control unit 180. The power control command is used to control the output power of the bidirectional DC-to-DC unit 130. After receiving the power control command, the second synchronization control unit 180 controls the bidirectional DC-to-DC unit 130 to switch to discharge mode, that is, to provide DC power to the bidirectional DC-to-DC unit 130 through at least one portable energy storage module 20, and adjusts the output power of the bidirectional DC-to-DC unit 130 to meet the power requirements of the external load, ensuring that the external load can operate normally when power is provided to the load output terminal OUT through the second discharge path.

[0035] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the electrical information includes the voltage drop slope, which characterizes the dynamic trend of the voltage. After receiving the power control command, the second synchronous control unit 180 adjusts the voltage rise slope of the bidirectional DC-DC converter 130 to be greater than the voltage drop slope of the AC mains input terminal. It is understood that when the AC mains input terminal is in an abnormal state, the output voltage does not instantly drop to 0, but rather has a certain buffer time. The voltage drop slope of the AC mains input terminal can characterize the rate at which the output voltage drops when the AC mains input terminal is in an abnormal state; the larger the absolute value of the voltage drop slope, the faster the AC mains input terminal loses power. Similarly, the voltage rise slope of the bidirectional DC-DC converter 130 can characterize the rate at which the output voltage of the bidirectional DC-DC converter 130 increases; the larger the voltage rise slope, the faster the output voltage increases. Furthermore, by setting the voltage rise slope of the bidirectional DC-to-DC unit 130 to be greater than the voltage fall slope of the AC input terminal, it is ensured that when the AC input terminal is in an abnormal state and is converted to the second discharge path through the first discharge path, the total power provided by the first discharge path and the second discharge path is greater than the power output by the first discharge path when the AC input terminal is in a normal state. This ensures that the external load can work normally during the conversion process and improves the reliability of the system.

[0036] Optionally, the main control unit 140 determines that the AC mains input terminal is in an abnormal state within a first preset time, and controls the bidirectional DC to DC unit 130 to switch to discharge mode through the second synchronous control unit 180 within a second preset time, wherein the first preset time is less than or equal to 40μs and the second preset time is less than or equal to 80μs.

[0037] Specifically, under a 50Hz power supply environment, the mains half-cycle period is 10ms. Conventional mains power failure detection relies on RMS value calculation or zero-crossing comparison, with response times typically in the millisecond range, making it difficult to handle sudden voltage drops. This invention employs high-speed AD sampling combined with a cycle slope prediction algorithm, capturing abnormal voltage waveform changes within 40μs, far less than the mains half-cycle period. This achieves extremely fast power failure prediction within half a cycle, improving the anomaly detection speed at the AC input. Furthermore, the startup time of the bidirectional DC-to-DC unit 130 is set to less than or equal to 80μs. This value corresponds to the inherent minimum hardware delay of the gate drive response, switching delay, and closed-loop regulation of power devices at low to medium power levels. This facilitates zero-interruption switching without restarting, ensuring that the bidirectional DC-to-DC unit 130 switches to discharge mode in a very short time. The discharge mode of the bidirectional DC-to-DC unit 130 is achieved by providing DC power to the bidirectional DC-to-DC unit 130 through at least one portable energy storage module 20.

[0038] Optional, see below Figure 2 After the main control unit 140 determines that the AC power input terminal has recovered from an abnormal state to a normal state based on the electrical information of the AC power input terminal, it provides power to the load output terminal OUT through the first discharge path. At the same time, it controls the bidirectional DC-DC converter 130 to gradually reduce the output power of the load output terminal OUT to 0. After a third preset time after the normal state is restored, it switches the bidirectional DC-DC converter 130 to charging mode, so that the AC power input terminal AC can supply power to at least one portable energy storage module 20 through the AC-DC converter 110 and the bidirectional DC-DC converter 130.

[0039] Specifically, after the main control unit 140 determines that the AC power input terminal has recovered from an abnormal state to a normal state based on the electrical information of the AC power input terminal, it controls the bidirectional DC-DC converter 130 to gradually reduce the output power of the load output terminal OUT to 0, that is, the power provided by at least one portable energy storage module 20 to the load output terminal OUT gradually decreases to 0. Since the AC power input terminal has recovered to a normal state, the AC power input terminal begins to provide power to the load output terminal OUT, that is, the entire uninterruptible power supply system automatically switches to the first discharge path to provide power to the load output terminal OUT. In addition, the third preset time can be greater than or equal to 500ms. Since phase jumps and amplitude oscillations often accompany the initial stage of mains power recovery, a third preset time is set after the power has returned to normal. The bidirectional DC-to-DC unit 130 is then switched to charging mode, meaning that at least one portable energy storage module 20 is charged via the AC mains input through the bidirectional DC-to-DC unit 130. This third preset time covers 25 complete cycles of a 50Hz power frequency system, sufficient for the phase-locked loop in the first synchronous control unit 170 to relock the grid phase and filter out transient noise during the initial grid recovery. Furthermore, a soft-landing power gradient algorithm is used to control the bidirectional DC-to-DC unit 130 and the DC-to-AC unit 120, causing the output power to linearly decay to zero within the third preset time. This avoids step power exchanges between the two power sources due to phase or amplitude differences, thus completely eliminating voltage spikes and circulating current impacts.

[0040] Optional, see below Figure 2 The electrical information includes voltage information, frequency information, phase information, and voltage drop slope. When the electrical information meets any of the following conditions, the main control unit 140 determines that the AC mains input terminal is in an abnormal state: the voltage information is less than or equal to a third preset value; the absolute value of the difference between the frequency information and the rated frequency information of the mains is greater than a fourth preset value; the difference in phase information within a set time is greater than a fifth preset value; and the absolute value of the voltage drop slope is less than or equal to a preset value for the drop slope.

[0041] Specifically, in this embodiment, the electrical information includes voltage information, frequency information, phase information, and voltage drop slope. When the main control unit 140 determines whether the AC mains input terminal is in an abnormal state, this embodiment provides multiple parallel determination methods. For example, the first method can be voltage amplitude power failure determination, whereby the main control unit 140 obtains the rated voltage information and current voltage information of the AC mains input terminal, determines a third preset value based on the rated voltage information and an undervoltage threshold, and compares the current voltage information with the third preset value. If the current voltage information is less than the third preset value, it indicates that the AC mains input terminal is abnormal. The second method can be frequency abnormality determination, whereby the main control unit 140 obtains the rated frequency information and current frequency information of the AC mains input terminal. When the absolute value of the difference between the rated frequency information and the current frequency information is greater than a fourth preset value, it determines that the AC mains input terminal is abnormal, where the fourth preset value can be the national standard for allowable frequency deviation. The third method is to determine phase difference anomalies. Based on the phase synchronization deviation of the above embodiment, the fifth preset value can be set to 3°. Then, the main control unit 140 determines that the AC input terminal is abnormal when the difference in phase information within a set time is greater than the fifth preset value. The fourth method is to determine the voltage drop slope. That is, the main control unit acquires multiple voltage information of the AC input terminal within a set time and calculates the voltage drop slope of the AC input terminal within a set time according to the differential definition of the voltage change formula of the AC input terminal. When the absolute value of the voltage drop slope is less than or equal to the preset value of the drop slope, the AC input terminal is determined to be abnormal. In this way, when any of the above four determination methods are satisfied, the AC input terminal is determined to be in an abnormal state, ensuring accurate anomaly determination and improving the reliability of the entire system.

[0042] Optional, Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of another uninterruptible power supply system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. See also... Figure 3 The portable energy storage module 20 includes a battery unit 210, a charge / discharge management unit 220, and a communication unit 230. The communication unit 230 is communicatively connected to both the main control unit 140 and the charge / discharge management unit 220.

[0043] When the main control unit 140 determines that the AC mains input terminal is in a normal state based on the electrical information of the AC mains input terminal, it sends a charging command to the charge / discharge management unit 220 through the communication unit 230 to charge the battery unit 210 through the bidirectional DC-DC converter 130. When the main control unit 140 determines that the AC mains input terminal is in an abnormal state based on the electrical information of the AC mains input terminal, it sends a discharging command to the charge / discharge management unit 220 through the communication unit 230 to provide power to the bidirectional DC-DC converter 130 through the battery unit 210.

[0044] Specifically, the portable energy storage module 20 may include a battery unit 210, a charge / discharge management unit 220, and a communication unit 230. The battery unit 210 may use lithium iron phosphate cells with a rated capacity of not less than 76.8Wh to ensure a stable DC power supply for the DC-to-AC conversion unit 120. The charge / discharge management unit 220 controls the charging and discharging process of the battery unit 210, dynamically adjusting the output power according to the instructions of the main control unit 140 to match load requirements, while protecting the battery unit 210 from damage caused by overcharging, over-discharging, and overcurrent. The communication unit 230 establishes an I / O connection with the main control unit 140. 2 The system uses C-communication to upload information such as the SOC status and output power of battery unit 210 and receives control commands from the main control unit 140. Specifically, when the main control unit 140 determines that the AC power input terminal is in a normal state based on its electrical information, it sends a charging command to the charge / discharge management unit 220 via communication unit 230. This allows the battery unit 210 to be charged via the bidirectional DC-to-DC converter 130, meaning the AC power input terminal charges the battery unit 210 through the charging path and provides power to the load output terminal OUT through the first discharging path. When the main control unit 140 determines that the AC power input terminal is in an abnormal state based on its electrical information, it sends a discharging command to the charge / discharge management unit 220 via communication unit 230. This allows the battery unit 210 to provide power to the bidirectional DC-to-DC converter 130 and to provide power to the load output terminal OUT through the second discharging path. This ensures that the first discharging path, the second discharging path, and the charging path do not conflict with each other, improving system reliability.

[0045] Note that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and various obvious changes, readjustments, combinations, and substitutions can be made without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include many other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention, the scope of which is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. An uninterruptible power supply system, characterized in that, The uninterruptible power supply system includes a charging base and at least one portable energy storage module; the charging base includes an AC power input terminal, an AC to DC unit, a DC to AC unit, a bidirectional DC to DC unit, a load output terminal, and a main control unit. The AC power input terminal is electrically connected to the input terminal of the AC to DC unit, and the output terminal of the AC to DC unit is electrically connected to the input terminal of the DC to AC unit to form a first discharge path. The first end of the bidirectional DC-to-DC unit is electrically connected to the output end of at least one of the portable energy storage modules, and the second end of the bidirectional DC-to-DC unit is electrically connected to the input end of the DC-to-AC unit to form a second discharge path; the output end of the DC-to-AC unit is electrically connected to the load output end. The main control unit is connected to the mains input terminal and is used to provide power to the load output terminal through the first discharge path when the mains input terminal is determined to be in a normal state based on the electrical information of the mains input terminal, and to provide power to the load output terminal through the second discharge path when the mains input terminal is in an abnormal state.

2. The uninterruptible power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second end of the bidirectional DC-to-DC unit is also electrically connected to the output end of the AC-to-DC unit to form a charging path; When the mains power input terminal is in a normal state, at least one of the portable energy storage modules is also charged through the charging path.

3. The uninterruptible power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that... The charging base also includes a first synchronization control unit, which is communicatively connected to the DC-to-AC unit and the main control unit respectively. When the main control unit determines that the mains input terminal is in a normal state based on the electrical information of the mains input terminal, it provides power through the first discharge path and sends a synchronization control command to the first synchronization control unit. After receiving the synchronization control command, the first synchronization control unit sends a synchronization phase-locking command to the DC-to-AC unit based on the electrical information to control the output power of the DC-to-AC unit to be synchronized with the output power of the mains input terminal.

4. The uninterruptible power supply system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The electrical information includes phase information and voltage information; When the difference between the phase information of the output power at the mains input terminal and the phase information of the output power of the DC-to-AC unit is less than a first preset value, and the voltage synchronization deviation between the voltage information of the output power at the mains input terminal and the voltage information of the output power of the DC-to-AC unit is less than a second preset value, it is determined that the output power of the DC-to-AC unit is synchronized with the output power at the mains input terminal.

5. The uninterruptible power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The charging base also includes a second synchronization control unit, which is communicatively connected to the bidirectional DC-to-DC unit and the main control unit. When the main control unit determines that the mains input terminal is in an abnormal state based on the electrical information of the mains input terminal, it sends a power control command to the second synchronous control unit. After receiving the power control command, the second synchronous control unit switches the bidirectional DC-DC converter to discharge mode and adjusts the output power of the bidirectional DC-DC converter to provide power to the load output terminal.

6. The uninterruptible power supply system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The electrical information includes the voltage drop slope; After receiving the power control command, the second synchronous control unit adjusts the voltage rise slope of the bidirectional DC-DC converter to be greater than the voltage drop slope of the mains input terminal.

7. The uninterruptible power supply system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The main control unit determines that the mains input terminal is in an abnormal state within a first preset time period, and controls the bidirectional DC-to-DC unit to switch to discharge mode through the second synchronous control unit within a second preset time period, wherein the first preset time is less than or equal to 40μs and the second preset time is less than or equal to 80μs.

8. The uninterruptible power supply system according to claim 5, characterized in that, After determining that the mains input terminal has recovered from an abnormal state to a normal state based on the electrical information of the mains input terminal, the main control unit provides power to the load output terminal through the first discharge path. At the same time, it controls the output power of the bidirectional DC-DC converter to the load output terminal to gradually decrease to 0. After a third preset time after the normal state is restored, the bidirectional DC-DC converter is switched to charging mode so that the mains input terminal can supply power to at least one of the portable energy storage modules through the AC-DC converter and the bidirectional DC-DC converter.

9. The uninterruptible power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrical information includes voltage information, frequency information, phase information, and voltage drop slope; The main control unit determines that the mains input terminal is in the abnormal state when the electrical information meets any of the following conditions: the voltage information is less than or equal to a third preset value; the absolute value of the difference between the frequency information and the rated frequency information of the mains is greater than a fourth preset value; the difference of the phase information within a set time is greater than a fifth preset value; the absolute value of the voltage drop slope is less than or equal to a drop slope preset value.

10. The uninterruptible power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The portable energy storage module includes a battery unit, a charge / discharge management unit, and a communication unit; The communication unit is communicatively connected to both the main control unit and the charge / discharge management unit. When the main control unit determines that the mains input terminal is in a normal state based on the electrical information of the mains input terminal, it sends a charging command to the charging and discharging management unit through the communication unit to charge the battery unit through the bidirectional DC-DC converter. When the main control unit determines that the mains input terminal is in an abnormal state based on the electrical information of the mains input terminal, it sends a discharge command to the charge and discharge management unit through the communication unit to provide power to the bidirectional DC-DC converter through the battery unit.

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