Microgrid communication system for energy storage devices

Abstract

The application provides a micro-grid communication system of energy storage equipment. It relates to the field of distributed energy communication. It comprises a target control device with a main control function, at least one local control device and a local controlled device corresponding to each local control device. The target control device, each local control device and each local controlled device are internally integrated with a switch circuit, which is used to realize communication between the target control device, the local control device and the local controlled device. The target control device is connected with at least one local control device through a ring network, and is used to send a control instruction to the local control device. Each local control device is connected with the corresponding local controlled device, and is used to control the operation of the local controlled device in response to the control instruction, and transmit the operation data of the local controlled device to the target control device through the ring network. The micro-grid communication system of energy storage equipment provided by the application can improve the real-time performance of communication and the reliability of data transmission.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of distributed energy communication, and more particularly to a microgrid communication system for energy storage devices. Background Technology

[0002] In distributed energy scenarios such as microgrids and energy storage systems, communication between devices typically uses ring network switches to build a network for control and data interaction.

[0003] However, existing solutions often rely on external ring network switches and associated links to interconnect multiple devices, resulting in high hardware investment, complex cabling, and significant space requirements. In compact deployment scenarios, this architecture further increases construction and maintenance difficulties, and the sharing of the communication network between control commands and operational data affects the real-time nature of communication and the reliability of data transmission. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a microgrid communication system for energy storage devices, which can improve the real-time nature of communication and the reliability of data transmission.

[0005] This application provides a microgrid communication system for an energy storage device. The microgrid communication system for the energy storage device includes: a target control device with a main control function, at least one local control device, and local controlled devices corresponding to each local control device. The target control device, each local control device, and each local controlled device integrate a switch circuit, which is used to realize communication between the target control device, the local control device, and the local controlled device.

[0006] The target control device is connected to at least one local control device via a ring network, and the target control device is used to send control commands to the local control device via the ring network;

[0007] Each local control device is connected to its corresponding local controlled device to control the operation of the local controlled device in response to control commands, and to transmit the operating data of the local controlled device to the target control device through the ring network.

[0008] In one possible embodiment, the ring network includes a control ring network and a data ring network; the control ring network is used to transmit control commands, and the data ring network is used to transmit operating data of the locally controlled devices.

[0009] In one possible embodiment, the control ring network includes a first control ring network and a second control ring network, and the data ring network includes a first data ring network and a second data ring network.

[0010] In one possible embodiment, the first and second communication interfaces of the target control device and each local control device are connected in series via a first data ring network.

[0011] The target control device and the third and fourth communication interfaces of each local control device are connected in series through the first control ring network;

[0012] The fifth and sixth communication interfaces of the target control device and each local control device are connected in series via a second control ring network.

[0013] The target control device and the seventh and eighth communication interfaces of each local control device are connected in series through a second data ring network.

[0014] In one possible embodiment, the locally controlled device includes: at least one inverter and at least one battery cluster control unit;

[0015] The ninth and tenth communication interfaces of the local control device are connected in series with at least one battery cluster control unit via a third ring network. The battery cluster control unit is connected to the converter via the third ring network and / or CAN bus.

[0016] The local control device is used to send control commands to the converter through the third ring network to control the converter's operating mode, which includes rectification mode and inverter mode;

[0017] The inverter is used to transmit its own operating data to the local control device via a third ring network, or to transmit its own operating data to the battery cluster control unit via a CAN bus, so that the battery cluster control unit can transmit the inverter's operating data to the local control device;

[0018] The battery cluster control unit is used to collect the operating data of the battery cluster and transmits the operating data of the battery cluster to the local control device through the third ring network;

[0019] The local control device is also used to transmit the operating data of the battery cluster and the operating data of the converter to the target control device through the first data ring network and / or the second data ring network.

[0020] In one possible embodiment, the locally controlled device includes: at least one inverter and at least one battery cluster control unit;

[0021] The ninth and tenth communication interfaces of the local control device are connected in series with at least one converter via a third ring network, and the battery cluster control unit is connected to the converter via the third ring network and / or CAN bus.

[0022] The local control device is used to send control commands to the converter through the third ring network to control the converter's operating mode, which includes rectification mode and inverter mode;

[0023] The converter is used to transmit its own operating data to the local control equipment via a third ring network;

[0024] The battery cluster control unit is used to collect the operating data of the battery cluster and transmit the operating data of the battery cluster to the local control device through the third ring network, or transmit the operating data of the battery cluster to the inverter through the CAN bus, so that the inverter transmits the operating data of the battery cluster to the local control device.

[0025] The local control device is also used to transmit the operating data of the battery cluster and the operating data of the converter to the target control device through the first data ring network and / or the second data ring network.

[0026] In one possible embodiment, the locally controlled device includes: at least one inverter, at least one battery cluster control unit, and at least one battery array management unit;

[0027] The ninth and tenth communication interfaces of the local control device are connected in series with the first and second communication interfaces of at least one battery array management unit through a third ring network. The third and fourth communication interfaces of each battery array management unit are connected in series with at least one battery cluster control unit through a third ring network.

[0028] The eleventh and twelfth communication interfaces of the local control device are connected in series with at least one converter through a third ring network. They are used to send control commands to the converter through the third ring network to control the working mode of the converter, wherein the working mode includes rectification mode and inverter mode.

[0029] The battery cluster control unit is also used to collect the operating data of the battery cluster and transmit the operating data of the battery cluster to the battery array management unit through the third ring network;

[0030] The battery array management unit is also used to transmit the operating data of the battery clusters to the local control device via a third ring network.

[0031] In one possible embodiment, the number of inverters is equal to the number of battery cluster control units;

[0032] The battery cluster control unit and the inverter are connected one-to-one via a CAN bus, and the battery cluster control unit communicates with the connected inverter via the CAN bus.

[0033] In one possible embodiment, the number of battery array management units is equal to the number of inverters;

[0034] The battery array management unit and the inverter are connected one-to-one via a CAN bus, and the battery array management unit communicates with the connected inverter via the CAN bus.

[0035] In one possible embodiment, the target control device integrates a ring network protocol module, which is used to monitor the communication protocol between each ring network and / or CAN bus, and generate repair instructions when a communication fault is detected.

[0036] The target control device is also used to send repair commands to the local control device that has a communication failure via a switch, so that the local control device can repair the communication failure.

[0037] The microgrid communication system for energy storage devices provided in this application connects a target control device to at least one local control device via a ring network. The local control device connects to the corresponding local controlled device, and the switching circuit is integrated inside each device. This allows the communication forwarding function to be integrated with the target control device, reducing the configuration requirements of external switching devices and their associated cables, thereby reducing space occupation and engineering implementation difficulty. It also enables control commands and operating data to be exchanged efficiently under the same integrated communication architecture, thereby improving the real-time performance of communication and the reliability of data transmission. Attached Figure Description

[0038] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a scenario provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the microgrid communication system for the energy storage device provided in this application Figure 1 ;

[0041] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the microgrid communication system for the energy storage device provided in this application Figure 2 ;

[0042] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the microgrid communication system for the energy storage device provided in this application Figure 3 ;

[0043] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the microgrid communication system for the energy storage device provided in this application Figure 4 ;

[0044] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the microgrid communication system for the energy storage device provided in this application Figure 5 ;

[0045] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the microgrid communication system for the energy storage device provided in this application Figure 6 ;

[0046] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the microgrid communication system for the energy storage device provided in this application Figure 7 .

[0047] The accompanying drawings illustrate specific embodiments of this application, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of this application to those skilled in the art through reference to particular embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0048] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0049] It should be noted that in the embodiments of this application, certain software, components, models and other existing solutions in the industry may be mentioned. These should be regarded as exemplary and are only intended to illustrate the feasibility of implementing the technical solution of this application. However, it does not mean that the applicant has used or necessarily used the solution.

[0050] Distributed energy communication technology is widely used in microgrids, energy storage systems, and other scenarios to enable control interaction and operational data transmission between the master station, regional control units, and field devices. In applications such as rooftop photovoltaic energy storage, industrial and commercial energy storage, and containerized energy storage, it is typically necessary for a higher-level control device to uniformly control multiple local control devices, which in turn manage their respective converters, battery management units, and other locally controlled devices.

[0051] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a scenario provided for an embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 1 As shown, existing distributed energy communication systems typically utilize ring networks to construct the communication network between the control layer and the local control layer, combined with... Figure 1 The system includes n local control devices and n corresponding local controlled devices. The local control devices are Local Energy Management Systems (LEMS). The n local control devices can be denoted as LEMS-1 to LEMS-n, and the n local controlled devices can be denoted as Local Controlled Device 1 to Local Controlled Device n. The local control devices are interconnected via a ring network, and each local control device controls the operation of its corresponding local controlled device. This type of solution can meet the requirements for multi-device interconnection and basic redundant communication, and is therefore widely used in microgrids and energy storage systems.

[0052] However, existing solutions often rely on external ring network switches and supporting links to achieve multi-node connections, which often requires additional configuration of switching equipment, connecting cables and installation space. This not only results in high hardware investment but also complex cabling paths, which can easily increase construction difficulty and subsequent maintenance burden, especially in space-constrained deployment environments.

[0053] Meanwhile, if the control command issuance and operation data feedback share the same communication network, it is easy to cause link congestion, command response delay or data transmission reliability degradation when business is concurrent, which will affect the collaborative control effect of local controlled devices and result in low real-time communication and low data transmission reliability.

[0054] To address the aforementioned problems, a microgrid communication system for energy storage devices is provided. This system includes a target control device with master control functions, at least one local control device, and corresponding local controlled devices for each local control device. Each of the target control device, local control devices, and local controlled devices integrates a switching circuit. This switching circuit enables communication between the target control device, local control devices, and local controlled devices. The target control device connects to the local control device via a ring network and sends control commands. The local control device connects to its corresponding local controlled device, responding to control commands and controlling the operation of the local controlled device while simultaneously transmitting the operating data of the local controlled device to the target control device via the ring network. This forms a communication architecture suitable for distributed energy scenarios. The microgrid communication system for energy storage devices provided in this application integrates the switching circuit within each device, enabling integrated communication forwarding functionality with the target control device. This reduces the configuration requirements of external switching devices and their associated cables, thereby reducing space requirements and engineering implementation difficulty. Furthermore, it allows for efficient exchange of control commands and operating data within the same integrated communication architecture, improving the real-time nature of communication and the reliability of data transmission.

[0055] The technical solution of this application and how the technical solution of this application solves the above-mentioned technical problems are described in detail below with specific embodiments. These specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described again in some embodiments. The embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0056] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the microgrid communication system for the energy storage device provided in this application Figure 1 ,like Figure 2As shown, the microgrid communication system of the energy storage device includes: a target control device with main control function, at least one local control device, and local controlled devices corresponding to each local control device. Each of the target control device, each local control device, and each local controlled device integrates a switch circuit, which is used to enable communication between the target control device, the local control devices, and the local controlled devices. The target control device is connected to at least one local control device via a ring network, and the target control device sends control commands to the local control devices through the ring network. Each local control device is connected to its corresponding local controlled device, and is used to control the operation of the local controlled device in response to the control commands, and to transmit the operating data of the local controlled device to the target control device through the ring network.

[0057] For example, the target control device refers to a control device with master control functions. It is typically located at the upper layer of the communication system and is the main control entity used to centrally control at least one local control device and issue control commands. Its function is to generate operating commands for each local control device according to preset control logic and send these commands to the corresponding local control device nodes via a ring network to drive each local control device to complete distributed execution. The local control device refers to an intermediate layer control unit located downstream of the target control device, used to receive control commands and perform local control of the corresponding local controlled devices. Its function is to receive, parse, and execute upper-layer commands, and collect the operating status of the connected local controlled devices and upload it via a ring network to achieve linkage between local execution and status feedback. The target control device can also be a LEMS with master control functions. For example, LEMS-1 can be designated as the target control device, and other local control devices (LEMS-2 to LEMS-n) can be connected to LEMS-1 via a ring network and controlled by LEMS-1.

[0058] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the microgrid communication system for the energy storage device provided in this application Figure 2 ,like Figure 3 As shown, the target control device can also be an Energy Management System (EMS). In terms of location and relationship, the target control device is set on the main control side of the system and forms a top-to-bottom control relationship with multiple local control devices (LEMS-1 to LEMS-n). The number of n can be determined according to the actual situation.

[0059] A locally controlled device refers to a low-level execution device whose operating status is directly controlled by a local control device. Its function is to execute control commands from the local control device and output operating data. In terms of location and relationship, the locally controlled device is located at the system's lowest level, directly connected to the corresponding local control device to receive control commands output by the local control device and return its collected or generated status information to the local control device. A ring network refers to a communication network connecting the target control device to at least one local control device. Its function is to provide a transmission path for control commands and operating data, enabling information transmission between nodes.

[0060] When the system starts, the target control device communicates with each local control device through the ring network and sends control commands to the corresponding local control devices according to the preset control strategy. After receiving the control commands, the local control devices parse the command content and convert it into control actions for the corresponding local controlled devices, so that the local controlled devices operate according to the target operating conditions. At the same time, the local control devices continuously collect the operating data of the local controlled devices and upload the operating data to the target control device through the ring network. The target control device then completes centralized control of each local control device and its corresponding local controlled devices.

[0061] Furthermore, switching circuits are integrated into the target control device, each local control device, and each local controlled device. For example, the switching circuit can be an independent switching chip, a switching module board, or an integrated switch (State of Charge, or SoC). Internally, it can be configured with a learning forwarding table, buffer units, and forwarding control logic to perform forwarding, filtering, broadcasting, or multicast processing based on the destination address, port status, and link status of data frames. Switches are typically installed inside the device's chassis or on the motherboard. In terms of size and proportion, the switch's dimensions are usually adapted to the available installation space on the device's motherboard. The switch performs frame learning, address resolution, and port forwarding on control commands and uplink operational data entering the device. It dynamically establishes communication paths between devices based on link status, enabling control information to be forwarded from the target control device to each local control device. Meanwhile, operational data fed back from each local control device is aggregated by the switch and transmitted back to the target control device. This maintains ring network communication capabilities while reducing the number of external communication components, lowering wiring complexity, and shortening communication link length, thereby improving system integration, installation convenience, and communication stability.

[0062] The microgrid communication system based on the energy storage device provided in this example connects the target control device to at least one local control device via a ring network. The local control device connects to the corresponding local controlled device, and the switching circuit is integrated inside each device. This allows the communication forwarding function to be integrated with the target control device, reducing the configuration requirements of external switching devices and their associated cables, thereby reducing space occupation and engineering implementation difficulty. It also enables control commands and operating data to be exchanged efficiently under the same integrated communication architecture, thereby improving the real-time performance of communication and the reliability of data transmission.

[0063] Optionally, the ring network includes a control ring network and a data ring network; the control ring network is used to transmit control commands, and the data ring network is used to transmit the operating data of the locally controlled devices.

[0064] For example, the target control device first sends control commands to each local control device through the control ring network. Upon receiving the commands, the local control devices drive the corresponding local controlled devices to operate according to the command status and simultaneously collect the operating data of the local controlled devices. Then, they upload the operating data to the target control device through the data ring network. Since the control ring network is only used for the transmission of control information, and the data ring network is only used for the feedback of operating data, the two form relatively independent communication channels on the path. Therefore, when control commands are issued centrally or operating data is reported frequently, the probability of message contention on the same link can be reduced, minimizing the impact of link congestion on control response and data feedback. Therefore, the microgrid communication system based on the energy storage device provided in this example can reduce interference between control commands and operating data, thereby improving the timeliness of control response and the reliability of operating data transmission.

[0065] Optional, Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the microgrid communication system for the energy storage device provided in this application Figure 3 ,like Figure 4 As shown, the control ring network includes a first control ring network and a second control ring network, and the data ring network includes a first data ring network and a second data ring network.

[0066] Example, combination Figure 4 The first control ring network, the second control ring network, the first data ring network, and the second data ring network are connected to the target control device and multiple local control devices, respectively. Each ring network can be closed-loop through a ring topology, allowing data from any node to reach the destination node along either a forward or reverse path. The data ring network and the control ring network are physically and logically independent.

[0067] The target control device first performs link self-checks on the first and second control ring networks, as well as the first and second data ring networks, to confirm that each local control device has connected to the corresponding ring and established a valid communication relationship. Then, according to the control strategy, the target control device sends control commands to each local control device through the first or second control ring network. Upon receiving the control commands, the local control devices drive the corresponding local controlled devices according to preset logic and transmit the operational data collected by the local controlled devices back to the target control device through the first or second data ring network. When control and data services are performed in parallel, the control ring network and data ring network handle different types of information transmission respectively, avoiding congestion caused by long-term bandwidth competition between control commands and operational data on the same link. Simultaneously, the first and second control ring networks and the first and second data ring networks serve as backup ring networks for each other. When one control ring network or data ring network fails, communication can automatically switch to the other corresponding ring network to continue, thus ensuring the stable and continuous operation of the communication system.

[0068] Optionally, the first and second communication interfaces of the target control device and each local control device are connected in series via a first data ring network; the third and fourth communication interfaces of the target control device and each local control device are connected in series via a first control ring network; the fifth and sixth communication interfaces of the target control device and each local control device are connected in series via a second control ring network; and the seventh and eighth communication interfaces of the target control device and each local control device are connected in series via a second data ring network.

[0069] Example, combination Figure 4The first data ring network connects to the first communication interface of LEMS-1 via the first communication interface of the target control device, then to the first communication interface of LEMS-2 via the second communication interface of LEMS-1, and finally to the second communication interface of the target control device via the second communication interface of LEMS-n, thus completing the connection of the first data ring network. Similarly, the first control ring network connects to the third communication interface of LEMS-1 via the third communication interface of the target control device, then to the third communication interface of LEMS-2 via the fourth communication interface of LEMS-1, and finally to the fourth communication interface of the target control device via the fourth communication interface of LEMS-n, thus completing the connection of the first control ring network. The second control ring network connects to the fifth communication interface of LEMS-1 via the fifth communication interface of the target control device, then to the fifth communication interface of LEMS-2 via the sixth communication interface of LEMS-1, and finally to the sixth communication interface of the target control device via the sixth communication interface of LEMS-n, thus completing the connection of the second control ring network. The second data ring network is connected from the seventh communication interface of the target control device to the seventh communication interface of LEMS-1, then from the eighth communication interface of LEMS-1 to the seventh communication interface of LEMS-2, and finally from the eighth communication interface of LEMS-n to the eighth communication interface of the target control device, thus completing the connection of the second data ring network.

[0070] Table 1 illustrates the main functions of each ring network.

[0071] Table 1

[0072]

[0073] The target control device establishes communication links with each local control device through a first data ring network, a first control ring network, a second control ring network, and a second data ring network. Each communication interface sequentially completes signal access, link forwarding, and closed-loop feedback within the ring network. Control commands are preferentially transmitted to the corresponding local control device via the first control ring network. Upon receiving the control command, the local control device performs start / stop, power adjustment, status switching, or protection control on the connected local controlled devices and preferentially uploads the collected data such as voltage, current, temperature, capacity, and operational alarms of the local controlled devices to the target control device via the first data ring network. Since the second control ring network is a backup of the first control ring network, control commands can still be transmitted through the second control ring network in the event of a failure in the first control ring network. Similarly, the second data ring network is a backup of the first data ring network, so data can still be transmitted through the second data ring network in the event of a failure in the first data ring network. Therefore, when one ring network experiences a partial failure, service interruption, or maintenance switchover, the other corresponding ring network is used to maintain communication continuity. Furthermore, since control commands and operational data are transmitted through independent ring networks, and the two sets of control ring networks and the two sets of data ring networks are separated from each other, the probability of link congestion can be reduced and the command response speed can be improved.

[0074] Optional, Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the microgrid communication system for the energy storage device provided in this application Figure 4 ,like Figure 5 As shown, the local controlled device includes: at least one inverter and at least one battery cluster control unit; the ninth and tenth communication interfaces of the local control device are connected in series with the at least one battery cluster control unit via a third ring network, and the battery cluster control unit is connected to the inverter via the third ring network and / or a CAN bus; the local control device is used to send control commands to the inverter via the third ring network to control the inverter's operating mode, wherein the operating mode includes rectification mode and inverter mode; the inverter is used to transmit its own operating data to the local control device via the third ring network, or to transmit its own operating data to the battery cluster control unit via the CAN bus, so that the battery cluster control unit transmits the inverter's operating data to the local control device; the battery cluster control unit is used to transmit the battery cluster's operating data to the local control device via the third ring network; the local control device is also used to transmit the battery cluster's operating data and the inverter's operating data to the target control device via a first data ring network and / or a second data ring network.

[0075] For example, such as Figure 5As shown, the locally controlled equipment consists of a Power Conversion System (PCS) and a Battery Control Unit (BCU). The number of BCUs is equal to the number of PCS, and the number of BCUs and PCS can be determined according to the actual situation, for example, there are m BCUs and PCS. Taking LEMS-1 as an example, the ninth communication interface of LEMS-1 is connected to the first communication interface of BCU-1 through a third ring network, the second communication interface of BCU-1 is connected to the first communication interface of BCU-2 through a third ring network, and so on. Finally, the second communication interface of BCU-m is connected to the tenth communication interface of LEMS-1 through a third ring network, so that all BCUs are connected in series through the third ring network. BCUs and PCS can be connected through the third ring network. Since LEMS-1, each BCU and each PCS integrates a switch circuit, each PCS and LEMS-1 can communicate directly through the third ring network. LEMS-1 sends control commands to each PCS via a third ring network, enabling the PCS to switch between rectification and inverter modes, thereby achieving either AC-to-DC charging energy conversion or DC-to-AC discharging energy conversion. Alternatively, the BCU and PCS can be connected via a Controller Area Network Bus (CAN). LEMS-1 sends control commands to each BCU via the third ring network. After receiving, parsing, and verifying the commands, the BCU, considering the battery cluster's state of charge, individual cell voltage, temperature, and the PCS's current output capability, further sends the corresponding control commands to the PCS via the CAN bus. Then, the PCS can either directly send its operating data to LEMS-1 via the third ring network, or first send its operating data to the BCU via the CAN bus, and then the BCU sends the PCS's operating data to LEMS-1 via the third ring network. In addition, the BCU continuously collects the operating data of the battery cluster, including but not limited to voltage, current, temperature, capacity, insulation status and equalization status. The BCU transmits the above data back to LEMS-1 through the third ring network. LEMS-1 then aggregates the operating data of the battery cluster and the operating data of the PCS through the first data ring network and / or the second data ring network and uploads it to the target control device.

[0076] Optional, Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the microgrid communication system for the energy storage device provided in this application Figure 5 ,like Figure 6As shown, the locally controlled device includes: at least one inverter and at least one battery cluster control unit; the ninth and tenth communication interfaces of the local control device are connected in series with at least one inverter via a third ring network, and the battery cluster control unit is connected to the inverter via the third ring network and / or a CAN bus; the local control device is used to send control commands to the inverter via the third ring network to control the inverter's operating mode, wherein the operating mode includes rectification mode and inverter mode; the inverter is used to transmit its own operating data to the local control device via the third ring network; the battery cluster control unit is used to collect the operating data of the battery cluster and transmit the operating data of the battery cluster to the local control device via the third ring network, or transmit the operating data of the battery cluster to the inverter via the CAN bus, so that the inverter transmits the operating data of the battery cluster to the local control device; the local control device is also used to transmit the operating data of the battery cluster and the operating data of the inverter to the target control device via a first data ring network and / or a second data ring network.

[0077] For example, the number of BCUs and PCSs is equal. The number of BCUs and PCSs can be determined based on actual conditions, such as the existence of m BCUs and PCSs. Taking LEMS-1 as an example, the ninth communication interface of LEMS-1 is connected to the first communication interface of PCS-1 through a third ring network. The second communication interface of PCS-1 is connected to the first communication interface of PCS-2 through a third ring network, and so on. Finally, the second communication interface of PCS-m is connected to the tenth communication interface of LEMS-1 through a third ring network, thus connecting all PCSs in series via the third ring network. LEMS-1 sends control commands to each PCS through the third ring network, causing the PCS to switch between rectification mode and inverter mode, thereby realizing the conversion of AC-side to DC-side charging energy or DC-side to AC-side discharging energy. PCS can directly send operating data to LEMS-1 through the third ring network between them.

[0078] The BCU and PCS can be connected via a third ring network. Since each LEMS-1, BCU, and PCS integrates a switch circuit, each BCU and LEMS-1 can communicate directly via the third ring network. The BCU continuously collects operating data from the battery clusters, including but not limited to voltage, current, temperature, capacity, insulation status, and equalization status. The BCU transmits this data back to LEMS-1 via the third ring network. Alternatively, the BCU and PCS can be connected via a CAN bus. The BCU can first send the battery cluster operating data to the PCS via the CAN bus, and then the PCS sends the battery cluster operating data to LEMS-1 via the third ring network. LEMS-1 then aggregates the battery cluster operating data and PCS operating data via the first and / or second data ring networks and uploads it to the target control device. High-speed real-time communication between the BCU and PCS via the CAN bus enables highly interference-resistant data exchange over short communication distances.

[0079] Based on the microgrid communication system of the energy storage device provided in this example, the control link and data link can be organized into a ring network, and the PCS, BCU and battery clusters in the local controlled device can form a closed-loop collaboration locally. This can not only improve the stability of control command transmission and the continuity of data acquisition, but also reduce the dependence on external switching equipment and additional wiring, thereby reducing the complexity of system deployment and improving the real-time control capability in distributed energy scenarios.

[0080] Optional, Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the microgrid communication system for the energy storage device provided in this application Figure 6 ,like Figure 7 As shown, the locally controlled device includes: at least one inverter, at least one battery cluster control unit, and at least one battery array management unit; the ninth and tenth communication interfaces of the local control device are connected in series with the first and second communication interfaces of the at least one battery array management unit through a third ring network; the third and fourth communication interfaces of each battery array management unit are connected in series with the at least one battery cluster control unit through a third ring network; the eleventh and twelfth communication interfaces of the local control device are connected in series with the at least one inverter through a third ring network, and are used to send control commands to the inverter through the third ring network to control the operating mode of the inverter, wherein the operating mode includes rectification mode and inverter mode; the battery cluster control unit is also used to collect the operating data of the battery cluster and transmit the operating data of the battery cluster to the battery array management unit through the third ring network; the battery array management unit is also used to transmit the operating data of the battery cluster to the local control device through the third ring network.

[0081] For example, the number of Battery Array Units (BAUs) can be determined based on actual needs. For instance, there could be q BAUs, numbered BAU-1 to BAU-q. Taking LEMS-2 as an example, the local controlled devices corresponding to LEMS-2 include q BAUs. The ninth communication interface of LEMS-2 is connected to the first communication interface of BAU-1 via a third ring network. The second communication interface of BAU-1 is connected to the first communication interface of BAU-2 via the third ring network, and so on. Finally, the second communication interface of BAU-q is connected to the tenth communication interface of LEMS-2 via the third ring network, thus connecting all BAUs in series through the third ring network. Each BAU can connect to multiple BCUs simultaneously. The number of BCUs that a BAU can connect to simultaneously can be determined based on actual needs, for example, it could be k. Therefore, each BAU is connected to k BCUs through the third ring network. Specifically, taking BAU-1 as an example, the third communication interface of BAU-1 is connected to the first communication interface of BCU-1 through a third ring network, the second communication interface of BCU-1 is connected to the first communication interface of BCU-2 through a third ring network, and so on, until finally the second communication interface of BCU-k is connected to the fourth communication interface of BAU-1 through a third ring network. Other BAUs are connected to their corresponding k BCUs in a similar manner. Each BCU continuously collects operating data such as voltage, current, temperature, capacity, and fault status of the corresponding battery cluster and sends the collected data to the connected BAU along the third ring network. The BAU aggregates, buffers, and performs necessary protocol conversions on the data from different BCUs before continuing to send the battery cluster's operating data to the local control device LEMS-2 through the third ring network. In addition, the eleventh and twelfth communication interfaces of LEMS-2 are connected in series with each PCS via a third ring network. LEMS-2 is also used to send control commands to each PCS through the third ring network, enabling the PCS to switch between rectification mode and inverter mode, thereby realizing the conversion of AC-side to DC-side charging energy or DC-side to AC-side discharging energy, respectively. The PCS can directly send its own operating data to LEMS-2 through the third ring network with LEMS-2.

[0082] By setting up intermediate nodes in the BAU, the status information of multiple battery clusters can be systematically aggregated and reliably forwarded without adding complex external switching equipment. This reduces wiring complexity and space occupation, and enables local control equipment to grasp the array-side operating status more promptly, thereby improving communication organization efficiency, fault location efficiency, and multi-battery cluster collaborative control capabilities in distributed energy scenarios.

[0083] Optionally, the number of inverters is equal to the number of battery cluster control units; the battery cluster control units are connected one-to-one with the inverters via a CAN bus, and the battery cluster control units communicate with the connected inverters via the CAN bus.

[0084] Example, combination Figure 7 The PCS and BCU can be connected one-to-one via a CAN bus, enabling internal communication between them. For example, the BCU first encapsulates the battery cluster's operating data into a CAN message and sends it to the connected PCS. The PCS then transmits the obtained battery cluster operating data to LEMS-2 through a third ring network with LEMS-2. Alternatively, the PCS first encapsulates its own operating data into a CAN message and sends it to the connected BCU. The BCU then transmits the obtained PCS operating data to LEMS-2 through a third ring network with LEMS-2. Because the BAU and PCS are directly connected via the CAN bus, the CAN bus itself has strong anti-interference capabilities and error detection mechanisms, improving the stability and real-time performance of data transmission.

[0085] Optional, Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the microgrid communication system for the energy storage device provided in this application Figure 7 ,like Figure 8 As shown, the number of battery array management units is equal to the number of inverters; the battery array management units and inverters are connected one-to-one via a CAN bus, and the battery array management units communicate with the connected inverters via the CAN bus.

[0086] For example, when the power of the PCS is relatively low, such as below 200kW, one PCS can be connected to one BCU, and one PCS controls one BCU, as described above. However, when the power of the PCS is higher, such as above 2MW, one PCS can control multiple BCUs. Figure 8 As shown, one PCS connects to k BCUs, and the number of k can be determined according to the actual situation. Additionally, the PCS can be connected to a BAU, which can then control the connection of k BCUs.

[0087] Therefore, taking LEMS-n as an example, the ninth and tenth communication interfaces of LEMS-n are connected in series with j BAUs via a third ring network. Similarly, the eleventh and twelfth communication interfaces of LEMS-n are connected in series with j PCSs via a third ring network. The number of j can be determined according to the actual situation. Specifically, the ninth communication interface of LEMS-n is connected to the first communication interface of BAU-1 via a third ring network, the second communication interface of BAU-1 is connected to the first communication interface of the next BAU via a third ring network, and so on. Finally, the second communication interface of BAU-j is connected to the tenth communication interface of LEMS-n via a third ring network, thus connecting all BAUs in series via the third ring network. Likewise, the eleventh communication interface of LEMS-n is connected to the first communication interface of PCS-1 via a third ring network, the second communication interface of PCS-1 is connected to the first communication interface of the next PCS via a third ring network, and so on. Finally, the second communication interface of PCS-j is connected to the twelfth communication interface of LEMS-n via a third ring network, thus connecting all PCSs in series via the third ring network.

[0088] LEMS-n sends control commands to each PCS via a third ring network, causing the PCS to switch between rectification mode and inverter mode, thereby realizing the conversion of AC-side to DC-side charging energy or DC-side to AC-side discharging energy. Each PCS can directly send its own operating data to LEMS-n through the third ring network connected to LEMS-n.

[0089] Each BAU can connect to multiple BCUs simultaneously. The number of BCUs a BAU can connect to simultaneously can be determined based on actual conditions, for example, it can be k. Therefore, each BAU connects to k BCUs through a third ring network. Specifically, taking BAU-1 as an example, the third communication interface of BAU-1 is connected to the first communication interface of BCU-1 through the third ring network, the second communication interface of BCU-1 is connected to the first communication interface of the next BCU through the third ring network, and so on, until finally the second communication interface of BCU-k is connected to the fourth communication interface of BAU-1 through the third ring network. Other BAUs also connect to their corresponding k BCUs in a similar way. Each BCU continuously collects operating data such as voltage, current, temperature, capacity, and fault status of the corresponding battery cluster and sends the collected data to the connected BAU along the third ring network. The BAU aggregates, buffers, and performs necessary protocol conversions on the data from different BCUs before continuing to send the battery cluster operating data to the local control device LEMS-n through the third ring network.

[0090] In addition, combined Figure 8The PCS and BAU can be connected one-to-one via a CAN bus, enabling internal communication between them. For example, the BAU first encapsulates the battery cluster's operating data into a CAN message and sends it to the connected PCS. The PCS then transmits the obtained battery cluster operating data to LEMS-n through a third ring network with LEMS-n. Alternatively, the PCS first encapsulates its own operating data into a CAN message and sends it to the connected BAU. The BAU then transmits the obtained PCS operating data to LEMS-n through a third ring network with LEMS-n.

[0091] Because the BAU and PCS are directly connected via CAN bus, the operating data of the battery cluster can be delivered to the PCS quickly and reliably within a shorter path, reducing the delay and communication burden caused by intermediate forwarding nodes. At the same time, the CAN bus itself has strong anti-interference capabilities and error detection mechanisms, which can improve the stability and real-time performance of data transmission.

[0092] Optionally, the target control device integrates a ring network protocol module. The ring network protocol module is used to monitor the communication protocol between each ring network and / or CAN bus, and generates a repair command when a communication fault is detected. The target control device is also used to send the repair command to the local control device with the communication fault through the switch, so that the local control device can repair the communication fault.

[0093] For example, upon system startup, the target control device first performs an initial status scan of each ring network and the device nodes on the optional CAN bus using its integrated ring network protocol module to establish the current communication topology. During normal operation, the ring network protocol module continuously monitors the periodicity of ring network messages, forwarding delay, response integrity, and CAN bus communication consistency. If a communication fault is detected, such as a ring network node going offline, messages failing to close in a loop, frequent checksum errors, or link interruption, a repair command for that faulty node is generated and sent to the local control device with the communication fault via the switch integrated within the target control device. Upon receiving the repair command, the local control device can reinitialize the abnormal interface, rebuild the link, renegotiate the protocol, or reset communication parameters to restore normal communication with the target control device. If the fault involves multiple ring network segments or the CAN bus, the local control device can also perform segment switching, port reconnection, or data retransmission according to the repair command to minimize communication interruption time. Since the repair command is directly generated by the ring network protocol module inside the target control device based on real-time monitoring results and sent to the corresponding faulty local control device through the switch, it can realize the rapid location and targeted restoration of the faulty link, reduce the cost of manual troubleshooting and on-site maintenance, avoid the delay of control commands and interruption of operation data feedback due to communication abnormalities, thereby improving the stability and real-time performance of the entire communication system.

[0094] The microgrid communication system based on the energy storage device provided in this application connects the target control device to at least one local control device via a ring network. The local control device connects to the corresponding local controlled device, and the switching circuit is integrated inside each device. This allows the communication forwarding function to be integrated with the target control device, reducing the configuration requirements of external switching devices and their associated cables, thereby reducing space occupation and engineering implementation difficulty. It also enables control commands and operating data to be exchanged efficiently under the same integrated communication architecture, thereby improving the real-time performance of communication and the reliability of data transmission.

[0095] It is worth noting that the division of units in this application is merely a logical functional division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some communication interfaces, devices, or units, and may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0096] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0097] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0098] If a function is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this invention, or the part that contributes to related technologies, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of the various embodiments of this invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0099] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps of the above-described method embodiments can be implemented by hardware related to program instructions. The aforementioned program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When executed, the program performs the steps of the above-described method embodiments; and the aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as ROM, RAM, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0100] Finally, it should be noted that other embodiments of the invention will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This invention is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention that follow the general principles of the invention and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein, and is not limited to the precise structures described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of the invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A microgrid communication system for an energy storage device, characterized in that, The microgrid communication system of the energy storage device includes: a target control device with a main control function, at least one local control device, and local controlled devices corresponding to each local control device. The target control device, each local control device, and each local controlled device integrate a switch circuit, which is used to realize communication between the target control device, the local control device, and the local controlled device. The target control device is connected to the at least one local control device via a ring network, and the target control device is used to send control commands to the local control device through the ring network. Each of the local control devices is connected to a corresponding local controlled device, and is used to control the operation of the local controlled device in response to control commands, and to transmit the operation data of the local controlled device to the target control device through the ring network.

2. The microgrid communication system for the energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ring network includes a control ring network and a data ring network; the control ring network is used to transmit control commands, and the data ring network is used to transmit the operating data of the local controlled devices.

3. The microgrid communication system for the energy storage device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The control ring network includes a first control ring network and a second control ring network, and the data ring network includes a first data ring network and a second data ring network.

4. The microgrid communication system for the energy storage device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first and second communication interfaces of the target control device and each local control device are connected in series through the first data ring network. The target control device and the third and fourth communication interfaces of each local control device are connected in series through the first control ring network. The fifth and sixth communication interfaces of the target control device and each local control device are connected in series through the second control ring network. The target control device and the seventh and eighth communication interfaces of each local control device are connected in series through the second data ring network.

5. The microgrid communication system for the energy storage device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The locally controlled device includes: at least one inverter and at least one battery cluster control unit; The ninth and tenth communication interfaces of the local control device are connected in series with the at least one battery cluster control unit through a third ring network, and the battery cluster control unit is connected to the converter through the third ring network and / or CAN bus. The local control device is used to send the control command to the converter through the third ring network to control the operating mode of the converter, wherein the operating mode includes rectification mode and inverter mode; The converter is used to transmit its own operating data to the local control device through the third ring network, or to transmit its own operating data to the battery cluster control unit through the CAN bus, so that the battery cluster control unit transmits the converter's operating data to the local control device; The battery cluster control unit is used for the operation data of the battery cluster, and transmits the operation data of the battery cluster to the local control device through the third ring network; The local control device is also used to transmit the operating data of the battery cluster and the operating data of the converter to the target control device through the first data ring network and / or the second data ring network.

6. The microgrid communication system for the energy storage device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The locally controlled device includes: at least one inverter and at least one battery cluster control unit; The ninth and tenth communication interfaces of the local control device are connected in series with the at least one converter through a third ring network, and the battery cluster control unit is connected to the converter through the third ring network and / or CAN bus. The local control device is used to send the control command to the converter through the third ring network to control the operating mode of the converter, wherein the operating mode includes rectification mode and inverter mode; The converter is used to transmit its own operating data to the local control device through the third ring network; The battery cluster control unit is used to collect the operating data of the battery cluster and transmit the operating data of the battery cluster to the local control device through the third ring network, or transmit the operating data of the battery cluster to the inverter through the CAN bus, so that the inverter transmits the operating data of the battery cluster to the local control device; The local control device is also used to transmit the operating data of the battery cluster and the operating data of the converter to the target control device through the first data ring network and / or the second data ring network.

7. The microgrid communication system for the energy storage device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The local controlled device includes: at least one inverter, at least one battery cluster control unit, and at least one battery array management unit; The ninth and tenth communication interfaces of the local control device are connected in series with the first and second communication interfaces of the at least one battery array management unit through a third ring network, and the third and fourth communication interfaces of each battery array management unit are connected in series with at least one battery cluster control unit through the third ring network. The eleventh and twelfth communication interfaces of the local control device are connected in series with the at least one converter through a third ring network, and are used to send the control commands to the converter through the third ring network to control the working mode of the converter, wherein the working mode includes rectification mode and inverter mode; The battery cluster control unit is also used to collect the operating data of the battery cluster and transmit the operating data of the battery cluster to the battery array management unit through the third ring network; The battery array management unit is also used to transmit the operating data of the battery cluster to the local control device through the third ring network.

8. The microgrid communication system for the energy storage device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The number of the inverters is equal to the number of the battery cluster control units; The battery cluster control unit and the inverter are connected one-to-one via a CAN bus, and the battery cluster control unit communicates with the connected inverter via the CAN bus.

9. The microgrid communication system for the energy storage device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The number of battery array management units is equal to the number of inverters; The battery array management unit and the inverter are connected one-to-one via a CAN bus, and the battery array management unit communicates with the connected inverter via the CAN bus.

10. The microgrid communication system for the energy storage device according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The target control device integrates a ring network protocol module, which is used to monitor the communication protocol between each ring network and / or CAN bus, and generate repair instructions when a communication fault is detected. The target control device is also used to send a repair command to a local control device with a communication failure through the switch, so that the local control device can repair the communication failure.

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