Bipolar power supply circuit and system with zero-crossing switching

Abstract

The application discloses a zero-crossing switchable bipolar power supply circuit and system, which is applied to the technical field of power supply control and aims at solving the problem that the existing bipolar power supply circuit cannot simultaneously consider load end ground network stability and large current driving capability. Specifically, a positive voltage output module generates a positive power supply voltage according to an output voltage of an external first power supply, amplifies an output current of the external first power supply to obtain a first driving current; a negative voltage output module generates a negative power supply voltage according to an output voltage of an external second power supply, amplifies an output current of the external second power supply to obtain a second driving current; and a control module is used for controlling a polarity switching module to connect the positive voltage output module or the negative voltage output module with a first load end according to the polarity of a target output voltage, so that the voltage of the first load end is switched between the positive power supply voltage and the negative power supply voltage, and the load end ground network stability and the large current driving capability are simultaneously considered.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of power control technology, and in particular to a bipolar power supply circuit and system capable of zero-crossing switching. Background Technology

[0002] In the active feed network of phased array antenna systems, RF devices such as driver amplifiers and low-noise amplifiers based on GaAsFET technology are widely used. Due to the limitations of GaAsFET technology, these RF devices typically require dual power supplies: a gate voltage and a drain voltage. To balance RF performance and power consumption, the gate power supply needs to provide both positive and negative voltages with absolute values ​​approaching 0V, and to switch between them at zero crossings. Furthermore, as the number of antenna channels reaches thousands, the drive current requirement of the gate power supply reaches the milliampere to ampere range. This creates a bipolar power supply requirement that needs to operate across both positive and negative voltage domains and possess high current drive capability.

[0003] Currently, there are two main bipolar power supply schemes: one is a dual-channel LDO (Low Dropout Regulator) differential output scheme, where the output network of one LDO is used as the ground network of the load, and the difference between the outputs of the two LDOs is used to power the load. This scheme requires replacing the load's ground network with the power output network, and the load reference potential fluctuates with the supply voltage, affecting the power supply and communication of other devices in the link. In addition, the LDO's load capacity is limited. The other is an operational amplifier-based linear regulation scheme, where the load is directly driven by the output of the operational amplifier. Although this scheme can keep the load's ground network unchanged, the driving capability is limited by the operational amplifier's own load capacity, making it difficult to meet the ampere-level current requirements.

[0004] It is evident that existing bipolar power supply circuits cannot simultaneously address the issues of load-side network stability and high-current drive capability. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a zero-crossing switching bipolar power supply circuit and system to solve the problem that existing bipolar power supply circuits cannot simultaneously ensure the stability of the load-side ground network and the high-current driving capability.

[0006] The technical solutions provided in this application are as follows: On one hand, embodiments of this application provide a bipolar power supply circuit capable of zero-crossing switching, including: a positive voltage output module, a negative voltage output module, a polarity switching module, and a control module; The input terminal of the positive voltage output module is connected to the external first power supply, and the output terminal of the positive voltage output module is connected to the first load terminal of the load via a polarity switching module; the second load terminal of the load is connected to ground; the positive voltage output module is used to generate a positive supply voltage based on the output voltage of the external first power supply, and to amplify the output current of the external first power supply to obtain the first drive current; The input terminal of the negative voltage output module is connected to an external second power supply, and the output terminal of the negative voltage output module is connected to the first load terminal via a polarity switching module. The negative voltage output module is used to generate a negative supply voltage based on the output voltage of the external second power supply and to amplify the output current of the external second power supply to obtain a second drive current. The control terminal of the polarity switching module is connected to the output terminal of the control module; the polarity switching module is used to connect or disconnect the output terminal of the positive pressure output module from the first load terminal, and also to connect or disconnect the output terminal of the negative pressure output module from the first load terminal. The control module is used to connect the positive voltage output module or the negative voltage output module to the first load terminal according to the polarity of the target output voltage, so that the voltage of the first load terminal switches between the positive supply voltage and the negative supply voltage.

[0007] Optionally, the positive voltage output module includes: a first voltage generation unit and a first current amplification unit; The input terminal of the first voltage generation unit is connected to an external first power supply, and the output terminal of the first voltage generation unit is connected to the first input terminal of the first current amplification unit; the first voltage generation unit is used to generate a positive supply voltage based on the output voltage of the external first power supply. The second input terminal of the first current amplification unit is connected to the external first power supply, and the output terminal of the first current amplification unit is connected to the first input terminal of the polarity switching module. The first current amplification unit is used to amplify the output current of the external first power supply to obtain the first drive current, and output the positive supply voltage and the first drive current to the polarity switching module.

[0008] Optionally, the first voltage generation unit includes: a first resistor, a second resistor, and a first operational amplifier; the first current amplification unit includes: a first transistor; The first end of the first resistor is connected to an external first power source, and the second end of the first resistor is connected to ground via a second resistor. The non-inverting input of the first operational amplifier is connected to the second end of the first resistor, the inverting input of the first operational amplifier is connected to the emitter of the first transistor, and the output of the first operational amplifier is connected to the base of the first transistor. The collector of the first transistor is connected to an external first power supply, and the emitter of the first transistor is connected to the first input terminal of the polarity switching module.

[0009] Optionally, the negative voltage output module includes: a second voltage generation unit and a second current amplification unit; The input terminal of the second voltage generation unit is connected to an external second power supply, and the output terminal of the second voltage generation unit is connected to the first input terminal of the second current amplification unit; the second voltage generation unit is used to generate a negative supply voltage based on the output voltage of the external second power supply. The second input terminal of the second current amplification unit is connected to the external second power supply, and the output terminal of the second current amplification unit is connected to the second input terminal of the polarity switching module. The second current amplification unit is used to amplify the output current of the external second power supply to obtain the second drive current, and output the negative supply voltage and the second drive current to the polarity switching module.

[0010] Optionally, the second voltage generation unit includes: a third resistor, a fourth resistor, and a second operational amplifier; the second current amplification unit includes: a second transistor; The first end of the third resistor is connected to the external second power supply, and the second end of the third resistor is connected to ground via the fourth resistor. The non-inverting input of the second operational amplifier is connected to the second terminal of the third resistor, the inverting input of the second operational amplifier is connected to the emitter of the second transistor, and the output of the second operational amplifier is connected to the base of the second transistor. The collector of the second transistor is connected to an external second power supply, and the emitter of the second transistor is connected to the second input terminal of the polarity switching module.

[0011] Optionally, the polarity switching module includes: an optocoupler isolation unit and a switching control unit; The input terminal of the optocoupler isolation unit is connected to the output terminal of the control module, and the output terminal of the optocoupler isolation unit is connected to the control terminal of the on / off control unit. The optocoupler isolation unit is used to isolate and convert the control signal output by the control module, and generate and output the drive signal to drive the on / off control unit to switch on and off. The first input terminal of the on / off control unit is connected to the output terminal of the positive pressure output module, the second input terminal of the on / off control unit is connected to the output terminal of the negative pressure output module, and the output terminal of the on / off control unit is connected to the first load terminal. The on / off control unit is used to connect or disconnect the connection between the positive pressure output module and the first load terminal, and to connect or disconnect the connection between the negative pressure output module and the first load terminal under the drive of the drive signal.

[0012] Optionally, the optocoupler isolation unit includes: a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, an optocoupler isolation chip, a first capacitor module, and a second capacitor module; The first end of the fifth resistor is connected to the first output terminal of the control module, and the second end of the fifth resistor is connected to the first input terminal of the optocoupler isolation chip. The first end of the sixth resistor is connected to the second output terminal of the control module, and the second end of the sixth resistor is connected to the second input terminal of the optocoupler isolation chip. The first output terminal of the optocoupler isolation chip is connected to the first control terminal of the on / off control unit, and the second output terminal of the optocoupler isolation chip is connected to the second control terminal of the on / off control unit; the power supply terminal of the optocoupler isolation chip is connected to the first terminal of the external third power supply and the first terminal of the first capacitor module, respectively, and the ground terminal of the optocoupler isolation chip is connected to the first terminal of the external fourth power supply and the second capacitor module, respectively. The second terminal of the first capacitor module is connected to ground; the second terminal of the second capacitor module is connected to ground.

[0013] Optionally, the on / off control unit includes: a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor, a ninth resistor, a tenth resistor, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a first MOSFET, and a second MOSFET; The gate of the first MOSFET is connected to the first output terminal of the optocoupler isolation unit via the seventh resistor. The drain of the first MOSFET is connected to the first terminal of the eighth resistor and the first load terminal, respectively. The source of the first MOSFET is connected to the first terminal of the first capacitor and the output terminal of the positive voltage output module, respectively. The second terminal of the eighth resistor is connected to ground. The second terminal of the first capacitor is connected to ground. The gate of the second MOSFET is connected to the second output terminal of the optocoupler isolation unit via the ninth resistor. The drain of the second MOSFET is connected to the first terminal of the tenth resistor and the first load terminal, respectively. The source of the second MOSFET is connected to the first terminal of the second capacitor and the output terminal of the negative voltage output module, respectively. The second terminal of the tenth resistor is connected to ground. The second terminal of the second capacitor is connected to ground.

[0014] Optionally, the control module is specifically used for: When the target output voltage is a positive voltage, the polarity switching module connects the positive voltage output module to the first load terminal and disconnects the negative voltage output module from the first load terminal. When the target output voltage is a negative voltage, the polarity switching module connects the negative voltage output module to the first load terminal and disconnects the positive voltage output module from the first load terminal. When the target output voltage is zero, the polarity switching module simultaneously disconnects the positive voltage output module and the negative voltage output module from the first load terminal.

[0015] On the other hand, embodiments of this application provide a zero-crossing switching bipolar power supply system, including: multiple loads, a power supply module, and the aforementioned zero-crossing switching bipolar power supply circuit. The first power output terminal of the power module is connected to the input terminal of the positive voltage output module, and the second power output terminal of the power module is connected to the input terminal of the negative voltage output module. The first load terminal of each load is connected to the output terminal of the positive voltage output module and the output terminal of the negative voltage output module respectively via the polarity switching module; the second load terminal of each load is connected to ground.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of this application are as follows: The positive and negative output modules of this application generate positive and negative supply voltages respectively based on the corresponding external power supply, and amplify the output current of the external power supply before outputting it. The driving capability of the power supply is determined by the current amplification stage and is not limited by the load capacity of the voltage generation section itself. The amplification capability of the current amplification stage can be configured according to the load current requirements to meet the requirements of ampere-level high current driving. Furthermore, the positive and negative output modules are connected to the first load terminal of the load via a polarity switching module, and the second load terminal of the load is grounded. The control module controls the polarity switching module to be turned on according to the polarity of the target output voltage, realizing the zero-crossing switching of the voltage at the first load terminal between the positive and negative supply voltages. Moreover, during the bipolar power supply process of zero-crossing switching of the output voltage, the ground network of the load remains unchanged, without the need to replace the ground network of the load with the power output network, avoiding the impact of the load reference potential fluctuating with the supply voltage on the power supply and communication of other devices in the load link. Therefore, the zero-crossing switching bipolar power supply circuit provided in this application embodiment takes into account both the stability of the load terminal ground network and the high current driving capability when performing bipolar power supply.

[0017] Other features and advantages of this application will be set forth in the following description, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the application. The objectives and other advantages of this application may be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the written description, claims, and drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the first circuit structure of a bipolar power supply circuit capable of zero-crossing switching in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a second circuit structure for a bipolar power supply circuit capable of zero-crossing switching in the embodiments of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the third circuit structure of the bipolar power supply circuit that can switch at zero crossing in the embodiments of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the fourth circuit structure of the bipolar power supply circuit that can switch at zero crossing in the embodiments of this application; Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the fifth circuit structure of the zero-crossing switching bipolar power supply circuit in the embodiments of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a bipolar power supply system capable of zero-crossing switching in the embodiments of this application.

[0019] Icons: 100 - Bipolar power supply circuit with zero-crossing switching; 110 - Positive voltage output module; 120 - Negative voltage output module; 130 - Polarity switching module; 140 - Control module; 111 - First voltage generation unit; 112 - First current amplification unit; R1 - First resistor; R2 - Second resistor; U1 - First operational amplifier; P1 - First transistor; 121 - Second voltage generation unit; 122 - Second current amplification unit; R3 - Third resistor; R4 - Fourth resistor; U2 - Second operational amplifier; P2 - Second transistor; 131- Optocoupler isolation unit; 132- On / off control unit; R5- Fifth resistor; R6- Sixth resistor; U3- Optocoupler isolation chip; 133- First capacitor module; 134- Second capacitor module; R7- Seventh resistor; R8- Eighth resistor; R9- Ninth resistor; R10- Tenth resistor; C9- First capacitor; C10- Second capacitor; Q1- First MOSFET; Q2- Second MOSFET; 200- Bipolar power supply system with zero-crossing switching; 210- Load; 220- Power supply module. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of this application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0021] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., used in this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such terms can be used interchangeably where appropriate so that the embodiments described herein can be implemented in a sequence other than that illustrated or described herein.

[0022] This application provides a zero-crossing switching bipolar power supply circuit, see reference. Figure 1 As shown, the zero-crossing switching bipolar power supply circuit 100 provided in this application embodiment includes at least: a positive voltage output module 110, a negative voltage output module 120, a polarity switching module 130, and a control module 140; The input terminal of the positive voltage output module 110 is connected to the external first power supply, and the output terminal of the positive voltage output module 110 is connected to the first load terminal of the load via the polarity switching module 130; the second load terminal of the load is connected to ground; the positive voltage output module 110 is used to generate a positive supply voltage according to the output voltage of the external first power supply, and amplify the output current of the external first power supply to obtain the first drive current; The input terminal of the negative voltage output module 120 is connected to an external second power supply, and the output terminal of the negative voltage output module 120 is connected to the first load terminal via the polarity switching module 130. The negative voltage output module 120 is used to generate a negative supply voltage based on the output voltage of the external second power supply and to amplify the output current of the external second power supply to obtain a second drive current. The control terminal of the polarity switching module 130 is connected to the output terminal of the control module 140; the polarity switching module 130 is used to connect or disconnect the output terminal of the positive pressure output module 110 from the first load terminal, and is also used to connect or disconnect the output terminal of the negative pressure output module 120 from the first load terminal. The control module 140 is used to control the polarity switching module 130 to connect the positive voltage output module 110 or the negative voltage output module 120 to the first load terminal according to the polarity of the target output voltage, so that the voltage of the first load terminal switches between the positive supply voltage and the negative supply voltage.

[0023] exist Figure 1In the zero-crossing switching bipolar power supply circuit 100 shown, the positive voltage output module 110 is connected to an external first power supply. The external first power supply serves as the source of the voltage reference for the positive voltage output module 110. The positive voltage output module 110 generates a positive supply voltage based on the output voltage of the external first power supply. The value of the positive supply voltage is determined by the internal voltage regulation of the positive voltage output module 110, rather than being equal to the output voltage of the external first power supply, and can be as low as close to 0V through internal regulation. The external first power supply also serves as the source of the output current for the positive voltage output module 110. The positive voltage output module 110 amplifies the output current of the external first power supply to obtain a first drive current. The load current is taken from the external first power supply, amplified internally, and then output. The output drive capability of the power supply depends on the current amplification capability and the load-carrying capacity of the external first power supply, and is not limited by the load-carrying capacity of the internal voltage regulation circuit itself. Thus, the positive voltage output module 110 functionally separates voltage regulation and current supply, meaning that the output voltage value can be set very small, while the output current capability can be configured to be very large, and the two do not interfere with each other. The negative voltage output module 120 and the positive voltage output module 110 are structurally symmetrical and independent. They are connected to an external second power supply, generating a negative supply voltage based on the output voltage of the external second power supply, and amplifying the output current of the external second power supply to obtain a second driving current. This implementation is dual to that of the positive voltage output module 110. The specific circuit structure will be described in detail in subsequent embodiments. The external first power supply is a positive voltage power supply, and the external second power supply is a negative voltage power supply. These can be two independent power supplies or the positive and negative voltage output terminals of the same power supply device.

[0024] The polarity switching module 130 is connected in series between the positive voltage output module 110, the negative voltage output module 120, and the load. It only performs on / off operations and does not participate in voltage regulation. Therefore, switching devices with low on-resistance and high rated current can be selected, and the current-carrying capacity of the power supply path is not limited by the voltage regulation device. The positive voltage output module 110 and the negative voltage output module 120 are connected to the first load terminal of the load via the polarity switching module 130. The second load terminal of the load is grounded, meaning the reference potential of the load is always ground potential and does not change with the switching of the power supply polarity. The control module 140 controls the polarity switching module 130 according to the polarity of the target output voltage. When the target output voltage is positive, the control module 130 connects the positive voltage output module 110 to the first load terminal, and the first load terminal receives a positive power supply voltage. When the target output voltage is negative, the control module 130 connects the negative voltage output module 120 to the first load terminal, and the first load terminal receives a negative power supply voltage. When the polarity of the target output voltage changes, the control module 140 correspondingly changes the connection target of the polarity switching module 130. The voltage at the first load terminal is grounded as the zero potential point, and the polarity is reversed between the positive and negative supply voltages, thus achieving zero-crossing switching. Throughout the switching process, the load's ground network remains connected to ground, and the power supply and communication of other devices in the load link are unaffected.

[0025] In this way, by setting the positive voltage output module 110 and the negative voltage output module 120 to generate positive and negative supply voltages respectively according to the corresponding external power supply, and amplifying the output current of the external power supply before outputting it, the driving capability of the power supply is determined by the current amplification stage and is not limited by the load capacity of the voltage generation section itself. The amplification capability of the current amplification stage can be configured according to the load current requirements to meet the requirements of ampere-level high current drive. Furthermore, the positive voltage output module 110 and the negative voltage output module 120 are connected to the first load terminal of the load via the polarity switching module 130, and the second load terminal of the load is grounded. The control module 140... The polarity switching module 130 is activated according to the polarity of the target output voltage, enabling the voltage at the first load end to switch between the positive and negative supply voltages at zero crossing. Furthermore, during the bipolar power supply process of zero-crossing switching of the output voltage, the load's ground network remains unchanged, eliminating the need to replace the load's ground network with the power output network. This avoids the impact of the load reference potential fluctuating with the supply voltage on the power supply and communication of other devices in the load link. Thus, the zero-crossing switching bipolar power supply circuit 100 provided in this application embodiment balances the stability of the load-side ground network and the high-current driving capability when performing bipolar power supply.

[0026] In one possible implementation, see [reference] Figure 2 As shown, the positive voltage output module 110 includes: a first voltage generation unit 111 and a first current amplification unit 112; The input terminal of the first voltage generation unit 111 is connected to an external first power supply, and the output terminal of the first voltage generation unit 111 is connected to the first input terminal of the first current amplification unit 112; the first voltage generation unit 111 is used to generate a positive supply voltage based on the output voltage of the external first power supply. The second input terminal of the first current amplification unit 112 is connected to the external first power supply, and the output terminal of the first current amplification unit 112 is connected to the first input terminal of the polarity switching module 130. The first current amplification unit 112 is used to amplify the output current of the external first power supply to obtain the first driving current, and output the positive power supply voltage and the first driving current to the polarity switching module 130.

[0027] exist Figure 2 In the zero-crossing switchable bipolar power supply circuit 100 shown, the first voltage generation unit 111 is responsible for generating the positive supply voltage, and the first current amplification unit 112 is responsible for amplifying the output current. An external first power supply is connected to both units, but its supply function differs: for the first voltage generation unit 111, the external first power supply provides the voltage reference source; the first voltage generation unit 111 generates the positive supply voltage based on the output voltage of the external first power supply and sends the positive supply voltage to the first current amplification unit 112 to control the voltage value on its output side; for the first current amplification unit 112, the external first power supply provides the current source; the output current of the external first power supply flows into the first current amplification unit 112, is amplified to form the first driving current, and is sent out together with the positive supply voltage.

[0028] It should be noted that the first and second input terminals of the first current amplification unit 112 have different functions: the first input terminal is the controlled terminal, through which the control signal output by the first voltage generation unit 111 is sent. Its current is very small and is only used to control the conduction state of the first current amplification unit 112, determining the output voltage value; the second input terminal is the current input terminal, through which the current to be amplified provided by the external first power supply flows, which is the true source of the load current. Therefore, the first voltage generation unit 111 only needs to output a very small drive current to control the first current amplification unit 112 to output a positive supply voltage, and the load current does not flow through the first voltage generation unit 111; the first current amplification unit 112 only performs current amplification, and its output voltage follows the control signal sent by the first voltage generation unit 111. This dual-unit architecture achieves the separation of voltage regulation and power drive functions. The first voltage generation unit 111 only needs to ensure the accuracy of voltage generation and does not need to bear the power consumption and heat generation effects caused by the load current; the first current amplification unit 112 only needs to provide high current output capability and does not need to have precise voltage regulation capability. Compared to the traditional approach of using a single device to simultaneously consider voltage accuracy and driving capability, this embodiment separates functions, allowing the two units to be optimized for their respective core indicators. The first voltage generation unit 111 is designed around voltage accuracy, and the first current amplification unit 112 is designed around current carrying capacity, thereby enabling the power supply circuit to have ampere-level driving capability while outputting low absolute voltage.

[0029] In terms of device configuration, both the first voltage generation unit 111 and the first current amplification unit 112 can be implemented in various ways. The function of the first voltage generation unit 111 is to obtain a reference voltage and follow the output control signal. It can be composed of a voltage divider network and an operational amplifier: the voltage divider network obtains the reference voltage from the output voltage of the external first power supply, and the operational amplifier outputs a control signal with the reference voltage as the adjustment target. The voltage divider network can use a fixed resistor voltage divider, or it can use an adjustable resistor or a digital potentiometer voltage divider. When using an adjustable voltage divider, the reference voltage can be changed by adjusting the voltage division ratio, thereby changing the value of the positive supply voltage. In addition to the voltage divider network, the reference voltage can also be provided by a reference voltage source, such as generated by a Zener diode or a voltage reference chip. In scenarios where the output voltage needs to be adjusted programmatically, the reference voltage can also be provided by a digital-to-analog converter. The control module 140 can programmatically change the positive supply voltage by adjusting the output of the DAC. The operational amplifier can be an operational amplifier with dual positive and negative power supplies, such as ST's UA741I or ADI's OP282. Its negative power supply can ensure that the output can still follow when the reference voltage approaches 0V. The function of the first current amplification unit 112 is to amplify the output current of the external first power supply according to the control signal and then output it. It can be composed of a transistor, the control terminal of which receives the control signal output by the first voltage generation unit 111 and amplifies the current provided by the external first power supply according to its own current gain before outputting it; it can also be composed of a power MOSFET, which uses its voltage-controlled characteristic to achieve current amplification; in scenarios with larger load current requirements, composite transistors such as Darlington transistors can be used to obtain greater current gain, or multiple power devices can be used in parallel to improve the overall current carrying capacity. The specific model of the power device can be selected according to the drive current requirements of the load, and devices with corresponding overcurrent parameters can be selected.

[0030] In one possible implementation, see [reference] Figure 3 As shown, the first voltage generation unit 111 includes: a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, and a first operational amplifier U1; the first current amplification unit 112 includes: a first transistor P1; The first end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the external first power supply, and the second end of the first resistor R1 is connected to ground through the second resistor R2. The non-inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier U1 is connected to the second terminal of the first resistor R1, the inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier U1 is connected to the emitter of the first transistor P1, and the output terminal of the first operational amplifier U1 is connected to the base of the first transistor P1. The collector of the first transistor P1 is connected to an external first power supply, and the emitter of the first transistor P1 is connected to the first input terminal of the polarity switching module 130.

[0031] exist Figure 3In the zero-crossing switching bipolar power supply circuit 100 shown, the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 form a voltage divider network for the external first power supply. The voltage at the second terminal of the first resistor R1 is the first reference voltage, which is formed by dividing the output voltage of the external first power supply through the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2. The first reference voltage is equal to the output voltage of the external first power supply multiplied by the resistance of the second resistor R2, and then divided by the sum of the resistances of the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2. Taking a first resistor R1 of 10kΩ, a second resistor R2 of 400Ω, and an output voltage of 5V for the external first power supply as an example, the first reference voltage is 5V×400 / (10000+400)≈0.192V. Adjusting the resistance of the first resistor R1 or the second resistor R2 changes the voltage division ratio, and the first reference voltage changes accordingly, thereby changing the value of the positive supply voltage. The first reference voltage can be set to a minimum value close to 0V, thus making the absolute value of the output voltage close to 0V. The first operational amplifier U1 and the first transistor P1 form a closed loop for follower regulation and current amplification. The first operational amplifier U1 compares the first reference voltage at its non-inverting input with the emitter voltage of the first transistor P1 sampled at its inverting input in real time: when the emitter voltage is lower than the first reference voltage, the output of the first operational amplifier U1 increases, increasing the base drive current, deepening the conduction of the first transistor P1, and raising the emitter voltage; when the emitter voltage is higher than the first reference voltage, the output of the first operational amplifier U1 decreases, reducing the base drive current, weakening the conduction of the first transistor P1, and lowering the emitter voltage. Through negative feedback regulation, the emitter voltage is locked at a potential equal to the first reference voltage, meaning the emitter output of the first transistor P1 follows the positive supply voltage of the first reference voltage. Therefore, the output voltage value is determined only by the voltage division ratio and has no direct relationship with the specific value of the external first power supply output voltage or the magnitude of the load current.

[0032] The collector and emitter paths of the first transistor P1 form the current path between the external power supply and the output terminal. The emitter output current is approximately (1+β) times the base drive current. The first operational amplifier U1 only needs to provide a milliampere-level base drive current; the ampere-level current required by the load is entirely drawn from the external power supply, amplified by the first transistor P1, and then output through the emitter. The overcurrent parameters of the first transistor P1 are selected according to the load's drive current requirements; for example, an NJV4031NT1G can be used. When the load current requirement changes, only the transistor with the corresponding overcurrent parameters needs to be replaced; the voltage follower section does not need to be modified.

[0033] It should be noted that the first operational amplifier U1 can be an op-amp powered by both positive and negative power supplies, such as ST's UA741I or ADI's OP282. Since the output stage of the op-amp requires a certain voltage difference to operate normally, an op-amp powered by a single power supply will not be able to effectively drive the base of the first transistor P1 when the first reference voltage is close to 0V. However, a dual power supply ensures that the op-amp can still output a drive voltage normally when the first reference voltage is extremely low, allowing the lower limit of the output voltage to be extended to close to 0V.

[0034] In one possible implementation, see [reference] Figure 2 As shown, the negative voltage output module 120 includes: a second voltage generation unit 121 and a second current amplification unit 122; The input terminal of the second voltage generation unit 121 is connected to an external second power supply, and the output terminal of the second voltage generation unit 121 is connected to the first input terminal of the second current amplification unit 122; the second voltage generation unit 121 is used to generate a negative supply voltage according to the output voltage of the external second power supply. The second input terminal of the second current amplification unit 122 is connected to the external second power supply, and the output terminal of the second current amplification unit 122 is connected to the second input terminal of the polarity switching module 130. The second current amplification unit 122 is used to amplify the output current of the external second power supply to obtain the second driving current, and output the negative power supply voltage and the second driving current to the polarity switching module 130.

[0035] exist Figure 2In the zero-crossing switching bipolar power supply circuit 100 shown, the configuration and connection of the negative voltage output module 120 are similar to those of the positive voltage output module 110. The difference lies in the fact that the external second power supply is a negative voltage power supply. The second voltage generation unit 121 takes the output voltage of the external second power supply as the reference source. The reference voltage it obtains and the negative supply voltage it generates are both voltages that are relatively negative to ground. The direction of the load current is opposite. When the positive voltage output module 110 supplies power, the current flows from the external first power supply through the first current amplification unit 112 to the load. When the negative voltage output module 120 supplies power, the current flows from ground through the load and the second current amplification unit 122 to the external second power supply. The voltage polarity at both ends of the load is correspondingly opposite in the two power supply states. This is the circuit basis for the voltage at both ends of the load to switch between the positive supply voltage and the negative supply voltage. The working principle of the negative voltage output module 120 is the same as that of the positive voltage output module 110: the second voltage generation unit 121 only needs to output a very small drive current to control the second current amplification unit 122 to output a negative supply voltage, and the load current does not flow through the second voltage generation unit 121; the second current amplification unit 122 only performs current amplification, and the voltage on its output side follows the control signal sent by the second voltage generation unit 121; the voltage regulation function and the power drive function are also separated, the accuracy of the output voltage is guaranteed by the second voltage generation unit 121, and the output current capability is jointly determined by the second current amplification unit 122 and the external second power supply. The working principle, effect and device configuration of the second voltage generation unit 121 and the second current amplification unit 122 can be referred to the aforementioned embodiment of the positive voltage output module 110, and will not be repeated here.

[0036] In one possible implementation, see [reference] Figure 3 As shown, the second voltage generation unit 121 includes: a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, and a second operational amplifier U2; the second current amplification unit 122 includes: a second transistor P2; The first end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the external second power supply, and the second end of the third resistor R3 is connected to ground via the fourth resistor R4. The non-inverting input of the second operational amplifier U2 is connected to the second terminal of the third resistor R3, the inverting input of the second operational amplifier U2 is connected to the emitter of the second transistor P2, and the output of the second operational amplifier U2 is connected to the base of the second transistor P2. The collector of the second transistor P2 is connected to the external second power supply, and the emitter of the second transistor P2 is connected to the second input terminal of the polarity switching module 130.

[0037] exist Figure 3In the zero-crossing switching bipolar power supply circuit 100 shown, the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 form a voltage divider network for the external second power supply. The voltage at the second terminal of the third resistor R3 is the second reference voltage. This second reference voltage is formed by dividing the output voltage of the external second power supply through the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4. The second reference voltage is equal to the output voltage of the external second power supply multiplied by the resistance value of the fourth resistor R4, and then divided by the sum of the resistance values ​​of the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4. Taking a third resistor R3 of 10kΩ, a fourth resistor R4 of 400Ω, and an output voltage of -5V for the external second power supply as an example, the second reference voltage is approximately -0.192V. Adjusting the resistance value of the third resistor R3 or the fourth resistor R4 changes the voltage division ratio, and the absolute value of the second reference voltage changes accordingly. It can be set to a minimum value close to 0V, thereby making the absolute value of the negative supply voltage approach 0V. The second operational amplifier U2 compares the second reference voltage at the non-inverting input with the emitter voltage of the second transistor P2 sampled at the inverting input in real time. It adjusts the base drive current based on the deviation between the two until the emitter voltage equals the second reference voltage. The emitter of the second transistor P2 then outputs a negative supply voltage that follows the second reference voltage. The value of this negative supply voltage is determined solely by the voltage division ratio and is not directly related to the specific value of the external second power supply output voltage or the magnitude of the load current. The load current is drawn from the external second power supply through the collector-emitter path of the second transistor P2. The emitter output current is approximately (1+β) times the base drive current. The second operational amplifier U2 only needs to provide a milliampere-level base drive current. The overcurrent parameters of the second transistor P2 are selected based on the load's drive current requirements. When the load current requirements change, only the transistor with the corresponding overcurrent parameters needs to be replaced; the voltage follower section remains unchanged. The second operational amplifier U2 can be an operational amplifier with dual positive and negative power supplies, such as ST's UA741I or ADI's OP282, to ensure that the drive voltage can still be output normally when the negative second reference voltage approaches 0V.

[0038] It should be noted that the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3, and the fourth resistor R4 can all be resistors with fixed resistance values ​​or adjustable resistor modules. The adjustable resistor module can be a digital potentiometer or an adjustable resistor network composed of multiple fixed resistors and switches. When at least one of the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 is an adjustable resistor module, the control terminal of the corresponding adjustable resistor module is connected to the control module 140. The control module 140 adjusts the equivalent resistance value of the adjustable resistor module to change the voltage division ratio formed by the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2, thereby adjusting the first reference voltage and achieving adjustment of the positive supply voltage. When at least one of the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 is an adjustable resistor module, the control terminal of the corresponding adjustable resistor module is connected to the control module 140. The control module 140 adjusts the equivalent resistance value of the adjustable resistor module to change the voltage division ratio formed by the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4, thereby adjusting the second reference voltage and achieving adjustment of the negative supply voltage. The adjustable resistor module can be a digital potentiometer or an adjustable resistor network consisting of multiple fixed resistors and switches.

[0039] In one possible implementation, see [reference] Figure 4 As shown, the polarity switching module 130 includes: an optocoupler isolation unit 131 and an on / off control unit 132; The input terminal of the optocoupler isolation unit 131 is connected to the output terminal of the control module 140, and the output terminal of the optocoupler isolation unit 131 is connected to the control terminal of the on / off control unit 132. The optocoupler isolation unit 131 is used to isolate and convert the control signal output by the control module 140, and generate and output the drive signal to drive the on / off control unit 132 to turn on and off. The first input terminal of the on / off control unit 132 is connected to the output terminal of the positive pressure output module 110, the second input terminal of the on / off control unit 132 is connected to the output terminal of the negative pressure output module 120, and the output terminal of the on / off control unit 132 is connected to the first load terminal. The on / off control unit 132 is used to connect or disconnect the connection between the positive pressure output module 110 and the first load terminal, and connect or disconnect the connection between the negative pressure output module 120 and the first load terminal under the drive of the drive signal.

[0040] exist Figure 4In the zero-crossing switchable bipolar power supply circuit 100 shown, the control signal output by the control module 140 is a logic level signal with ground as the reference. For example, the controller in the control module 140 outputs high-level or low-level control signals through two output pins, with the high level being 3.3V and the low level being 0V. The two switching channels of the on / off control unit 132 are connected in series in the positive power supply path and the negative power supply path, respectively. When the switching channel is turned on, the potentials at its two ends are close to the positive and negative power supply voltages, respectively. Taking the switching channel connected in series in the negative power supply path as an example, its reference potential during operation is negative. The logic level with ground as the reference cannot provide the correct on-drive, nor can it reliably turn off. Simultaneously, if the ground potential domain of the control module 140 is directly electrically connected to the positive and negative potential domains of the switching channels, crosstalk will occur between the different potential domains, affecting the stability of the power supply. The input side of the optocoupler isolation unit 131 converts the control signal into an optical signal, and the output side converts the optical signal back into an electrical signal and outputs a drive signal through the internal drive stage. Only optical signal transmission exists between the input and output sides; there is no direct electrical connection. Therefore, the ground potential domain of the control module 140 and the potential domain of the switch channel are completely isolated, allowing for a high potential difference between the isolated sides. Furthermore, the optocoupler isolation unit 131 does not transmit the control signal as is; instead, it regenerates a drive signal with driving capability on the output side. Taking the +3.3V and -3.3V drive signals output by the optocoupler isolation unit 131 as an example, when a certain control signal is high, the corresponding channel of the optocoupler isolation unit 131 outputs a +3.3V drive signal, driving the corresponding switch channel to turn on; when the control signal is low, the corresponding channel outputs a -3.3V drive signal, reliably turning off the corresponding switch channel. The drive signal is output with reference to the potential of the switching channel itself. Its amplitude is set according to the drive requirements of the switching channel. The two switching channels of the positive power supply path and the negative power supply path are driven independently by two drive signals and do not interfere with each other. The two switching channels of the on / off control unit 132 only perform the on or off action under the drive signal and do not participate in voltage regulation. Therefore, switching devices with low on-resistance and high rated current can be selected. The current of the power supply path is carried by the switching channel, and the current carrying capacity of the power supply path depends on the rated current of the switching device and is not constrained by the drive circuit.

[0041] In terms of device configuration, the optocoupler isolation unit 131 can be composed of a dual-channel optocoupler isolation driver, such as Panasonic's TLP2160, whose input side is a light-emitting diode and the output side integrates a driver circuit. The two channels of a single chip can output two drive signals respectively. Alternatively, it can be composed of two independent optocoupler isolation devices to form two isolated channels, or it can use magnetic isolation or capacitive isolation isolation driver devices. The on / off control unit 132 can be composed of two switching devices, which can be MOSFETs or other controllable switches such as relays.

[0042] In one possible implementation, see [reference] Figure 5 As shown, the optocoupler isolation unit includes: a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, an optocoupler isolation chip U3, a first capacitor module 133, and a second capacitor module 134. The first end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the first output terminal of the control module 140, and the second end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the first input terminal of the optocoupler isolation chip U3. The first end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the second output terminal of the control module 140, and the second end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the second input terminal of the optocoupler isolation chip U3. The first output terminal of the optocoupler isolation chip U3 is connected to the first control terminal of the on / off control unit, and the second output terminal of the optocoupler isolation chip U3 is connected to the second control terminal of the on / off control unit; the power supply terminal of the optocoupler isolation chip U3 is connected to the first terminal of the external third power supply and the first terminal of the first capacitor module 133 respectively, and the ground terminal of the optocoupler isolation chip U3 is connected to the first terminal of the external fourth power supply and the second capacitor module 134 respectively. The second terminal of the first capacitor module 133 is connected to ground; the second terminal of the second capacitor module 134 is connected to ground.

[0043] exist Figure 5In the zero-crossing switching bipolar power supply circuit 100 shown, the fifth resistor R5 and the sixth resistor R6 are the current-limiting resistors for the two input sides of the optocoupler isolation chip U3, respectively. The input side of the optocoupler isolation chip U3 is a light-emitting diode (LED), whose operating current is in the milliampere range and needs to be limited. If the logic level output by the control module 140 is directly connected, the input side will be damaged due to excessive current. The control signals output from the first and second output terminals of the control module 140 are current-limited by the fifth resistor R5 and the sixth resistor R6, respectively, and then sent to the first and second input terminals of the optocoupler isolation chip U3. The resistance values ​​of the current-limiting resistors are selected according to the voltage amplitude of the control signal and the rated operating current of the LED on the input side. The optocoupler isolation chip U3 contains two mutually isolated transmission channels. The two input sides receive two control signals respectively, and the two output sides output two drive signals through the first and second output terminals, respectively. One drive signal controls the connection and disconnection between the positive voltage output module 110 and the first load terminal, and the other drive signal controls the connection and disconnection between the negative voltage output module 120 and the first load terminal. The power supply and ground terminals of the optocoupler isolation chip U3 are the power supply terminals for its output-side driver stage. An external third power supply is connected to the power supply terminal, and an external fourth power supply is connected to the ground terminal. The output-side driver stage uses the external third and fourth power supplies as its operating power to generate drive signals. Taking an external third power supply of +3.3V and an external fourth power supply of -3.3V as an example, the drive signal can switch between +3.3V and -3.3V levels. +3.3V corresponds to turning on the drive switch channel, and -3.3V corresponds to turning off the drive switch channel. The negative level turn-off signal ensures that the switch channel is reliably turned off, avoiding false turn-on due to insufficient turn-off level. There is no direct electrical connection between the input and output sides. The external third and fourth power supplies are independent power supplies for the output side, isolated from the ground potential domain where the control module 140 is located. The optocoupler isolation chip U3 can be Panasonic's TLP2160 dual-channel high-speed optocoupler isolation driver, which has a light-emitting diode on the input side and an integrated driver circuit on the output side. A single chip can complete the isolation and driving of two control signals; alternatively, two single-channel optocoupler isolation drivers can be used to form two isolation channels respectively.

[0044] The first capacitor module 133 and the second capacitor module 134 are decoupling filter capacitors for the external third power supply and the external fourth power supply, respectively. The first capacitor module 133 is connected between the external third power supply and ground, and the second capacitor module 134 is connected between the external fourth power supply and ground. They filter out noise from the two power supplies, stabilize the operating voltage of the output-side drive stage, and keep the drive signal level stable. The first capacitor module 133 and the second capacitor module 134 can be composed of a single capacitor or multiple capacitors of different capacitances connected in parallel. When multiple capacitors of different capacitances are connected in parallel, they can filter out noise in different frequency bands.

[0045] In one possible implementation, see [reference] Figure 5 As shown, the on / off control unit includes: a seventh resistor R7, an eighth resistor R8, a ninth resistor R9, a tenth resistor R10, a first capacitor C9, a second capacitor C10, a first MOSFET Q1, and a second MOSFET Q2. The gate of the first MOSFET Q1 is connected to the first output terminal of the optocoupler isolation unit via the seventh resistor R7. The drain of the first MOSFET Q1 is connected to the first terminal of the eighth resistor R8 and the first load terminal, respectively. The source of the first MOSFET Q1 is connected to the first terminal of the first capacitor C9 and the output terminal of the positive voltage output module 110, respectively. The second terminal of the eighth resistor R8 is connected to ground. The second terminal of the first capacitor C9 is connected to ground. The gate of the second MOSFET Q2 is connected to the second output terminal of the optocoupler isolation unit via the ninth resistor R9. The drain of the second MOSFET Q2 is connected to the first terminal of the tenth resistor R10 and the first load terminal, respectively. The source of the second MOSFET Q2 is connected to the first terminal of the second capacitor C10 and the output terminal of the negative voltage output module 120, respectively. The second terminal of the tenth resistor R10 is connected to ground. The second terminal of the second capacitor C10 is connected to ground.

[0046] exist Figure 5 In the zero-crossing switching bipolar power supply circuit 100 shown, the seventh resistor R7 and the ninth resistor R9 are the gate series resistances of the first MOSFET Q1 and the second MOSFET Q2, respectively. The drive signal output by the optocoupler isolation unit is sent to the gate of the corresponding MOSFET through the gate series resistance. The gate series resistance limits the transient current during the charging and discharging of the gate parasitic capacitance, suppresses the high-frequency oscillation of the gate circuit, and makes the turn-on and turn-off process of the MOSFET smooth.

[0047] Taking the first MOSFET Q1 as an example, its source is connected to the output terminal of the positive voltage output module 110, and its drain is connected to the first load terminal. When the drive signal output by the optocoupler isolation unit is at the on level, the first MOSFET Q1 is turned on, and the positive voltage output module 110 supplies power to the first load terminal through the first MOSFET Q1. Current flows from the output terminal of the positive voltage output module 110 through the source and drain of the first MOSFET Q1 to the first load terminal, and the load current is carried by the first MOSFET Q1. When the drive signal is at the off level, the first MOSFET Q1 is turned off, and the connection between the positive voltage output module 110 and the first load terminal is broken. The operation of the second MOSFET Q2 is the same as that of the first MOSFET Q1. Its source is connected to the output terminal of the negative voltage output module 120. When the negative voltage output module 120 is powered, current flows from the first load terminal through the drain and source of the second MOSFET Q2 to the negative voltage output module 120. It should be noted that the source potential of the first MOSFET Q1 is close to the positive supply voltage, and the source potential of the second MOSFET Q2 is close to the negative supply voltage. The reference potentials of the two MOSFETs are different and both change with the corresponding supply voltage. The drive signal must be referenced to their respective source potentials to ensure that the MOSFETs are turned on and off correctly.

[0048] The eighth resistor R8 and the tenth resistor R10 are both pull-down resistors for the first load terminal. When both the first MOSFET Q1 and the second MOSFET Q2 are off, the first load terminal is disconnected from both the positive output module 110 and the negative output module 120. The first load terminal is clamped to ground potential through the eighth resistor R8 and the tenth resistor R10, resulting in a zero voltage at the first load terminal and achieving zero-position output. When one of the MOSFETs is on, the conduction current is much greater than the current flowing through the pull-down resistors, so the current shunting through the pull-down resistors is negligible and does not affect normal power supply. The first capacitor C9 and the second capacitor C10 are connected across the output terminal of the positive output module 110 and ground, and the output terminal of the negative output module 120 and ground, respectively, to filter out high-frequency fluctuations in the output voltage and suppress voltage surges caused by the switching action of the MOSFETs, thus keeping the positive and negative supply voltages stable. The current-carrying capacity of the first MOSFET Q1 and the second MOSFET Q2 is selected according to the drive current requirements of the load.

[0049] In one possible implementation, the control module is specifically used for: When the target output voltage is a positive voltage, the polarity switching module connects the positive voltage output module to the first load terminal and disconnects the negative voltage output module from the first load terminal. When the target output voltage is a negative voltage, the polarity switching module connects the negative voltage output module to the first load terminal and disconnects the positive voltage output module from the first load terminal. When the target output voltage is zero, the polarity switching module simultaneously disconnects the positive voltage output module and the negative voltage output module from the first load terminal.

[0050] In practical applications, the control module can be implemented by a controller, combined with... Figure 5 As shown in the circuit diagram, the controller outputs two control signals from its first output terminal EN_P and second output terminal EN_N. After being isolated and converted by the optocoupler isolation unit 131, these signals drive the first MOSFET Q1 and the second MOSFET Q2. The correspondence between the three control states and the circuit actions is as follows: When the target output voltage is a positive voltage, it corresponds to a positive power supply state. The controller's first output terminal EN_P outputs a high level, and the second output terminal EN_N outputs a low level. The optocoupler isolation unit 131 outputs a +3.3V drive signal at its first output terminal and a -3.3V drive signal at its second output terminal. The first MOSFET Q1 is turned on, and the second MOSFET Q2 is turned off. The positive voltage output module 110 is connected to the first load terminal via the first MOSFET Q1. The voltage at the first load terminal is the positive power supply voltage, for example, +0.2V. When the target output voltage is a negative polarity voltage, it corresponds to a negative voltage supply state. The controller's second output terminal EN_N outputs a high level, and the first output terminal EN_P outputs a low level. The second MOSFET Q2 is turned on, and the first MOSFET Q1 is turned off. The negative voltage output module 120 is connected to the first load terminal through the second MOSFET Q2. The voltage at the first load terminal is the negative supply voltage, for example, -0.2V. When the target output voltage is zero, it corresponds to the zero-voltage state. The controller's first output terminal EN_P and second output terminal EN_N both output a low level, the first MOSFET Q1 and the second MOSFET Q2 are both turned off, the first load terminal is disconnected from the positive voltage output module 110 and the negative voltage output module 120, and is clamped to ground potential through the eighth resistor R8 and the tenth resistor R10. The voltage at the first load terminal is 0V.

[0051] It should be noted that the first output terminal EN_P and the second output terminal EN_N of the controller must not be high at the same time. If both are high at the same time, the first MOSFET Q1 and the second MOSFET Q2 will be turned on simultaneously. The positive voltage output module 110 and the negative voltage output module 120 will be directly connected through the two MOSFETs, forming a short circuit between the positive and negative voltage power supplies. The large current in the circuit will damage the MOSFETs and the preceding devices. In all three control states, there is no situation where both MOSFETs are turned on simultaneously; the circuit implements interlocking at the control logic level. When switching from a positive voltage supply state to a negative voltage supply state, the control module 140 can first control both MOSFETs to turn off. After the first load terminal transitions to a zero-voltage state, it then controls the second MOSFET Q2 to turn on. The voltage at the first load terminal transitions from the positive supply voltage to the negative supply voltage through zero voltage. The same logic applies when switching from a negative voltage supply state to a positive voltage supply state. The first-off-then-on switching method ensures that there is no moment when two MOSFETs are simultaneously turned on during the entire switching process, avoiding transient shoot-through caused by MOSFET turn-off delay; at the same time, the absolute values ​​of the positive and negative supply voltages can be set to approach 0V, resulting in small voltage jumps at the first load end before and after switching and a smooth zero-crossing process.

[0052] The zero-voltage state is not only a 0V output operating state, but also a high-impedance isolation state. When both MOSFETs are turned off, the electrical connection between the first load terminal and the positive and negative output modules is completely disconnected. For loads requiring bipolar power supply, such as GaAsFETs and other RF devices in a phased array antenna system, this state cuts off the leakage current path in the power supply circuit. During system standby or debugging, it can prevent abnormal power fluctuations from causing RF devices to turn on unexpectedly and be damaged. In addition, in the zero-voltage state, the positive and negative output modules do not stop working, but continue to generate positive and negative supply voltages, respectively. When the polarity of the target output voltage changes, the control module only needs to change the on / off state of the two MOSFETs to deliver the corresponding polarity supply voltage to the first load terminal, without waiting for the output voltage to be re-established, resulting in a fast switching response.

[0053] Based on the above embodiments, this application provides a zero-crossing switching bipolar power supply system, see reference. Figure 6 As shown, the zero-crossing switching bipolar power system 200 provided in this application embodiment includes at least: multiple loads 210, a power module 220, and the aforementioned zero-crossing switching bipolar power circuit 100. The first power output terminal of the power module 220 is connected to the input terminal of the positive voltage output module 110, and the second power output terminal of the power module 220 is connected to the input terminal of the negative voltage output module 120. The first load terminal of each load 210 is connected to the output terminal of the positive voltage output module 110 and the output terminal of the negative voltage output module 120 respectively via the polarity switching module 130; the second load terminal of each load 210 is connected to ground.

[0054] exist Figure 6 In the zero-crossing switching bipolar power supply system 200 shown, power module 220 provides external input to positive output module 110 and negative output module 120. Power module 220 includes independent first and second power supplies, with the first power supply output terminal formed at the first power supply and the second power supply output terminal formed at the second power supply. In another possible embodiment, power module 220 is a single power supply device, with the first and second power supply output terminals being the positive and negative voltage output terminals, respectively. Power module 220 provides voltage and current to positive output module 110 via the first power supply output terminal. Positive output module 110 generates a positive supply voltage based on the output voltage of the first power supply output terminal and amplifies the output current of the first power supply output terminal before outputting it. Power module 220 provides voltage and current to negative output module 120 via the second power supply output terminal. Negative output module 120 generates a negative supply voltage based on the output voltage of the second power supply output terminal and amplifies the output current of the second power supply output terminal before outputting it. The positive pressure output module 110 and the negative pressure output module 120 are respectively connected to the first load terminal of each load 210 via the polarity switching module 130, forming a positive pressure power supply path and a negative pressure power supply path.

[0055] The control module 140 controls the on / off state of the polarity switching module 130 according to the polarity of the target output voltage. When the target output voltage is a positive voltage, the control module 140 controls the polarity switching module 130 to connect the positive voltage output module 110 to the first load terminal of each load 210, and disconnects the negative voltage output module 120 from the first load terminal of each load 210, so that the first load terminal of each load 210 receives a positive supply voltage; when the target output voltage is a negative voltage, the control module 140 controls the polarity switching module 130 to connect the negative voltage output module 120 to the first load terminal of each load 210, and disconnects the positive voltage output module 110 from the first load terminal of each load 210, so that the first load terminal of each load 210 receives a negative supply voltage; when the target output voltage is zero voltage, the control module 140 controls the polarity switching module 130 to simultaneously disconnect the positive voltage output module 110 and the negative voltage output module 120 from the first load terminal of each load 210, so that the voltage at the first load terminal of each load 210 is zero voltage.

[0056] The first load terminals of multiple loads 210 are all connected to the positive voltage output module 110 and the negative voltage output module 120 via the same polarity switching module 130, and are centrally supplied with positive or negative power supply voltage by the same zero-crossing switchable bipolar power supply circuit 100. The second load terminals of multiple loads 210 are all connected to ground, that is, the reference potential of each load 210 is always ground potential; during the switching between positive and negative power supply voltage, the connection between the second load terminal of each load 210 and ground remains unchanged, and the power supply and communication of other devices in the link where the load 210 is located are not affected.

[0057] The current requirements of multiple loads 210 are uniformly supported by the zero-crossing switching bipolar power supply circuit 100. The current required by a single load 210 can be relatively small, but after the current requirements of multiple loads 210 are aggregated, the output current requirement of the zero-crossing switching bipolar power supply circuit 100 can reach the milliampere to ampere level. The output current of the zero-crossing switching bipolar power supply circuit 100 is amplified before being output, and its driving capability is determined by the current amplification stage. The corresponding amplification capability can be configured according to the number of loads 210 to meet the current requirements of centralized power supply for multiple loads 210.

[0058] In one possible application scenario, the bipolar power supply system is used in a phased array antenna system, with multiple loads consisting of RF devices such as driver amplifiers and low-noise amplifiers based on GaAsFET technology. In this case, the gate terminal of each RF device serves as its first load terminal and is connected to the output terminals of the positive and negative voltage output modules via a polarity switching module. The source terminal of each RF device serves as its second load terminal and is connected to ground. The bipolar power supply circuit simultaneously supplies power to the gates of multiple RF devices. Due to the limitations of GaAsFET technology, these RF devices require both gate and drain power supplies. To balance RF performance and power consumption, the gate power supply needs to be able to output a positive voltage of 0.2V and a negative voltage of -0.2V, and be able to switch between zero-crossing voltages between 0.2V and -0.2V.

[0059] Each RF device has its source terminal connected to ground, making the gate voltage referenced to the source terminal potential. When the target gate voltage is a positive voltage of 0.2V, the control module controls the polarity switching module to connect the positive voltage output module to the gate terminal of each RF device and disconnect the negative voltage output module from the gate terminal of each RF device, so that the gate of each RF device receives a positive supply voltage of 0.2V. When the target gate voltage is a negative voltage of -0.2V, the control module controls the polarity switching module to connect the negative voltage output module to the gate terminal of each RF device and disconnect the positive voltage output module from the gate terminal of each RF device, so that the gate of each RF device receives a negative supply voltage of -0.2V. When the target gate voltage is zero, the control module controls the polarity switching module to simultaneously disconnect the positive voltage output module and the negative voltage output module from the gate terminal of each RF device, so that the gate voltage of each RF device is zero.

[0060] For phased array antenna systems, the gate voltage of each RF device is referenced to the source terminal potential; the source terminal of each RF device is always grounded, ensuring that gate voltage polarity switching does not change the reference potential of the RF device. In a zero-voltage state, the gate of each RF device is disconnected from both the positive and negative voltage output modules, preventing RF device misfires caused by abnormal power supply fluctuations during system standby or debugging. Furthermore, the gate current of a single RF device is only in the microamp to milliamp range, while in a phased array antenna system with thousands of antenna channels, the combined gate current of thousands of RF devices can reach the milliamp to ampere range. The bipolar power supply circuit can be configured with appropriate output current capability according to the number of RF devices, meeting the centralized power supply requirements of multiple RF device gates.

[0061] It should be noted that although several units or sub-units of the device have been mentioned in the detailed description above, this division is merely exemplary and not mandatory. In fact, according to embodiments of this application, the features and functions of two or more units described above can be embodied in one unit. Conversely, the features and functions of one unit described above can be further divided and embodied by multiple units.

[0062] Furthermore, although the operations of the method of this application are described in a specific order in the accompanying drawings, this does not require or imply that these operations must be performed in that specific order, or that all the operations shown must be performed to achieve the desired result. Additionally or alternatively, certain steps may be omitted, multiple steps may be combined into one step, and / or one step may be broken down into multiple steps.

[0063] Although preferred embodiments of this application have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of this application.

[0064] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the embodiments of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of this application. Therefore, if these modifications and variations to the embodiments of this application fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A bipolar power supply circuit capable of zero-crossing switching, characterized in that, include: Positive pressure output module, negative pressure output module, polarity switching module, and control module; The input terminal of the positive pressure output module is connected to an external first power supply, and the output terminal of the positive pressure output module is connected to the first load terminal of the load via the polarity switching module; the second load terminal of the load is connected to ground. The positive voltage output module is used to generate a positive supply voltage based on the output voltage of the external first power supply, and to amplify the output current of the external first power supply to obtain a first drive current; The input terminal of the negative voltage output module is connected to an external second power supply, and the output terminal of the negative voltage output module is connected to the first load terminal via the polarity switching module; the negative voltage output module is used to generate a negative supply voltage based on the output voltage of the external second power supply, and amplify the output current of the external second power supply to obtain a second driving current; The control terminal of the polarity switching module is connected to the output terminal of the control module; the polarity switching module is used to connect or disconnect the output terminal of the positive pressure output module from the first load terminal, and is also used to connect or disconnect the output terminal of the negative pressure output module from the first load terminal. The control module is used to control the polarity switching module to connect the positive voltage output module or the negative voltage output module to the first load terminal according to the polarity of the target output voltage, so that the voltage of the first load terminal switches between the positive supply voltage and the negative supply voltage.

2. The zero-crossing switching bipolar power supply circuit as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The positive pressure output module includes: a first voltage generation unit and a first current amplification unit; The input terminal of the first voltage generation unit is connected to the external first power supply, and the output terminal of the first voltage generation unit is connected to the first input terminal of the first current amplification unit; the first voltage generation unit is used to generate the positive supply voltage according to the output voltage of the external first power supply. The second input terminal of the first current amplification unit is connected to the external first power supply, and the output terminal of the first current amplification unit is connected to the first input terminal of the polarity switching module. The first current amplification unit is used to amplify the output current of the external first power supply to obtain a first driving current, and output the positive supply voltage and the first driving current to the polarity switching module.

3. The zero-crossing switching bipolar power supply circuit as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The first voltage generation unit includes: a first resistor, a second resistor, and a first operational amplifier; the first current amplification unit includes: a first transistor; The first end of the first resistor is connected to the external first power supply, and the second end of the first resistor is connected to ground via the second resistor; The non-inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier is connected to the second terminal of the first resistor, the inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier is connected to the emitter of the first transistor, and the output terminal of the first operational amplifier is connected to the base of the first transistor. The collector of the first transistor is connected to the external first power supply, and the emitter of the first transistor is connected to the first input terminal of the polarity switching module.

4. The zero-crossing switching bipolar power supply circuit as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The negative voltage output module includes: a second voltage generation unit and a second current amplification unit; The input terminal of the second voltage generation unit is connected to the external second power supply, and the output terminal of the second voltage generation unit is connected to the first input terminal of the second current amplification unit; the second voltage generation unit is used to generate the negative supply voltage according to the output voltage of the external second power supply. The second input terminal of the second current amplification unit is connected to the external second power supply, and the output terminal of the second current amplification unit is connected to the second input terminal of the polarity switching module; the second current amplification unit is used to amplify the output current of the external second power supply to obtain the second driving current, and output the negative supply voltage and the second driving current to the polarity switching module.

5. The zero-crossing switching bipolar power supply circuit as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The second voltage generation unit includes: a third resistor, a fourth resistor, and a second operational amplifier; the second current amplification unit includes: a second transistor; The first end of the third resistor is connected to the external second power supply, and the second end of the third resistor is connected to ground via the fourth resistor; The non-inverting input of the second operational amplifier is connected to the second terminal of the third resistor, the inverting input of the second operational amplifier is connected to the emitter of the second transistor, and the output of the second operational amplifier is connected to the base of the second transistor. The collector of the second transistor is connected to the external second power supply, and the emitter of the second transistor is connected to the second input terminal of the polarity switching module.

6. The zero-crossing switching bipolar power supply circuit as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The polarity switching module includes: an optocoupler isolation unit and a switching control unit; The input terminal of the optocoupler isolation unit is connected to the output terminal of the control module, and the output terminal of the optocoupler isolation unit is connected to the control terminal of the on / off control unit; the optocoupler isolation unit is used to isolate and convert the control signal output by the control module, and generate and output a drive signal to drive the on / off control unit to switch on and off. The first input terminal of the on / off control unit is connected to the output terminal of the positive pressure output module, the second input terminal of the on / off control unit is connected to the output terminal of the negative pressure output module, and the output terminal of the on / off control unit is connected to the first load terminal. The on / off control unit is used to connect or disconnect the connection between the positive pressure output module and the first load terminal, and to connect or disconnect the connection between the negative pressure output module and the first load terminal, under the drive of the drive signal.

7. The zero-crossing switching bipolar power supply circuit as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The optocoupler isolation unit includes: a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, an optocoupler isolation chip, a first capacitor module, and a second capacitor module; The first end of the fifth resistor is connected to the first output end of the control module, and the second end of the fifth resistor is connected to the first input end of the optocoupler isolation chip. The first end of the sixth resistor is connected to the second output end of the control module, and the second end of the sixth resistor is connected to the second input end of the optocoupler isolation chip. The first output terminal of the optocoupler isolation chip is connected to the first control terminal of the on / off control unit, and the second output terminal of the optocoupler isolation chip is connected to the second control terminal of the on / off control unit; the power supply terminal of the optocoupler isolation chip is connected to the external third power supply and the first terminal of the first capacitor module, respectively, and the ground terminal of the optocoupler isolation chip is connected to the external fourth power supply and the first terminal of the second capacitor module, respectively. The second terminal of the first capacitor module is connected to ground; the second terminal of the second capacitor module is connected to ground.

8. The zero-crossing switching bipolar power supply circuit as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The on / off control unit includes: a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor, a ninth resistor, a tenth resistor, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a first MOSFET, and a second MOSFET; The gate of the first MOS transistor is connected to the first output terminal of the optocoupler isolation unit via the seventh resistor. The drain of the first MOS transistor is connected to the first terminal of the eighth resistor and the first load terminal, respectively. The source of the first MOS transistor is connected to the first terminal of the first capacitor and the output terminal of the positive voltage output module, respectively. The second terminal of the eighth resistor is connected to ground. The second terminal of the first capacitor is connected to ground. The gate of the second MOS transistor is connected to the second output terminal of the optocoupler isolation unit via the ninth resistor. The drain of the second MOS transistor is connected to the first terminal of the tenth resistor and the first load terminal, respectively. The source of the second MOS transistor is connected to the first terminal of the second capacitor and the output terminal of the negative voltage output module, respectively. The second terminal of the tenth resistor is connected to ground. The second terminal of the second capacitor is connected to ground.

9. The zero-crossing switching bipolar power supply circuit as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The control module is specifically used for: When the target output voltage is a positive voltage, the polarity switching module is controlled to connect the positive voltage output module to the first load terminal and disconnect the negative voltage output module from the first load terminal. When the target output voltage is a negative polarity voltage, the polarity switching module is controlled to connect the negative voltage output module to the first load terminal and disconnect the positive voltage output module from the first load terminal. When the target output voltage is zero, the polarity switching module is controlled to simultaneously disconnect the positive voltage output module and the negative voltage output module from the first load terminal.

10. A bipolar power supply system capable of zero-crossing switching, characterized in that, include: Multiple loads, power modules, and a zero-crossing switchable bipolar power supply circuit as described in any one of claims 1-9; The first power output terminal of the power module is connected to the input terminal of the positive voltage output module, and the second power output terminal of the power module is connected to the input terminal of the negative voltage output module. The first load terminal of each load is connected to the output terminal of the positive pressure output module and the output terminal of the negative pressure output module respectively via the polarity switching module; the second load terminal of each load is connected to ground.

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