Elevator data transmission system and elevator

Abstract

The application discloses an elevator data transmission system and an elevator, which comprises a first communication unit, a second communication unit and a control unit which are arranged in the elevator shaft oppositely and independently. The first communication unit is used for emitting target light to the second communication unit, obtaining adjustment parameters of the emitted light based on the feedback result of the target light of the second communication unit, and the target light corresponds to a calibration light beam and / or a data light beam. The adjustment parameters are used for adjusting the emitted light until the feedback result of the target light meets a preset condition, and an optical transmission link with the second communication unit is formed. The first communication unit is also used for photoelectric conversion of the control instruction of the control unit, and sending data corresponding to the control instruction to the second communication unit or receiving transmission data of the second communication unit through the optical transmission link. Through the dynamic light beam adjustment mechanism based on the feedback, the application solves the problem of loss lock of the optical communication link in the dynamic environment of the elevator, and improves the stability and reliability of the data transmission.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of elevator communication technology, specifically to an elevator data transmission system and an elevator. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, in elevator control systems, in order to achieve signal interaction between the car and the machine room, in addition to the traditional traveling cable solution, existing technologies have also emerged that use wireless communication to replace physical cables; for example, free-space optical communication (FSO) is used to achieve high-speed wireless data transmission.

[0003] However, the elevator shaft environment is complex. During high-speed operation, the car experiences vibrations, attitude shifts, and airflow disturbances, making it difficult for the transceiver in free-space optical communication to maintain precise alignment over extended periods. Existing wireless optical communication solutions often lack effective real-time feedback and dynamic adjustment mechanisms when dealing with such dynamic relative displacements. This can easily lead to situations such as light spot deviation from the receiving surface, a sudden drop in received optical power, or even complete link loss, resulting in communication interruptions or increased bit error rates. Consequently, these solutions fail to meet the high reliability and low latency transmission requirements of elevator control signals. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned defects or deficiencies in the prior art, it is desirable to provide an elevator data transmission system and elevator to solve the problems of easy loss of lock and low communication reliability of elevator wireless optical communication links in dynamic environments, and to realize dynamic beam adjustment and stable data transmission based on real-time feedback.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an elevator data transmission system, which includes a first communication unit, a second communication unit, and a control unit that are relatively and independently arranged in the elevator shaft, wherein one of the first communication unit and the second communication unit is fixedly arranged and the other is movable. The first communication unit is used to transmit a target light beam to the second communication unit and obtain adjustment parameters of the transmitted light beam based on the feedback result of the second communication unit on the target light beam, wherein the target light beam corresponds to the calibration beam and / or the data beam. The emitted light is adjusted based on the adjustment parameters until the feedback result of the target light meets the preset conditions, thus forming an optical transmission link with the second communication unit; The first communication unit is also used to perform photoelectric conversion on the control commands of the control unit, and to send data corresponding to the control commands to the second communication unit or receive the transmitted data from the second communication unit through an optical transmission link.

[0006] In one possible implementation, both the first and second communication units are equipped with an optical transmitter, an optical receiver, and a processing module, wherein the processing module has multiple communication interfaces. The first communication unit is used to transmit target light to the second communication unit through a light transmitter and to receive the transmitted light from the second communication unit through a light receiver. The processing module is used to transmit data with the control unit through a communication interface and to perform photoelectric conversion on the received data.

[0007] In one possible implementation, the first communication unit is equipped with a first drive motor; The second communication unit is used to receive the target light and form a light spot image on the photosensitive surface, determine the deviation data based on the deviation between the center of the light spot image and the preset center of the photosensitive surface, and generate an adjustment command based on the deviation data; the adjustment command corresponds to the feedback result of the second communication unit on the target light. The first communication unit is used to obtain the adjustment parameters of the emitted light according to the adjustment command, and to instruct the first drive motor to adjust the emitted light according to the adjustment parameters.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the first communication unit is equipped with a first drive motor; The first communication unit is used to form a diverging beam corresponding to the target light through a wide-angle transmitting optical component and to diverge it toward the second communication unit; The second communication unit is used to focus the diverging beam onto the photodetector through the optical antenna assembly, determine the deviation data based on the deviation between the actual beam intensity detected by the photodetector and the preset beam intensity, and generate an adjustment command based on the deviation data; the adjustment command corresponds to the feedback result of the second communication unit on the target beam. The first communication unit is used to obtain the adjustment parameters of the emitted light according to the adjustment command, and to instruct the first drive motor to adjust the emitted light according to the adjustment parameters.

[0009] In one possible implementation, both the first communication unit and the second communication unit are equipped with beam adjustment components; A beam adjustment component is used to increase the emission angle of the emitted light based on adjustment parameters, or to adjust the number of emitted light beams.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the second communication unit is equipped with a second drive motor; The second communication unit is used to obtain the adjustment parameters of the receiving position of the emitted light according to the adjustment command, and to instruct the second drive motor to adjust the light receiving position of the second communication unit according to the adjustment parameters of the receiving position.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the system also includes a status monitoring unit; The status monitoring unit is used to acquire the operating parameters of the optical transmitter and optical receiver in real time, and to display the health status of the equipment represented by the operating parameters through a display device.

[0012] In one possible implementation, both the first communication unit and the second communication unit are equipped with a power management module, which is used to continuously supply power to the communication unit through a wireless charging device.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the first communication unit is located on the top of the elevator car inside the elevator shaft, and the second communication unit is fixedly installed on the shaft wall inside the elevator shaft.

[0014] Secondly, an elevator is provided, including an elevator car, a control room, and the elevator data transmission system mentioned in the first aspect.

[0015] The elevator data transmission system and elevator provided in this application establish a closed-loop adjustment mechanism based on feedback results. Utilizing target light as a carrier for detection and communication, the transmission parameters are dynamically corrected based on actual feedback from the receiving end. This overcomes the impact of mechanical vibrations and attitude shifts caused by elevator operation on optical path alignment, ensuring the establishment and maintenance of the optical transmission link and providing physical assurance for high-speed and reliable transmission of elevator control commands and data. Secondly, through the aforementioned data transmission system, the elevator achieves high-bandwidth, low-latency wireless interconnection between the car and the control terminal. While improving ride comfort and aesthetics, this ensures real-time and reliable transmission of elevator safety control signals and provides fundamental support for the expansion of intelligent applications such as high-definition video surveillance and remote diagnostics. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Other features, objects, and advantages of this application will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an elevator data transmission system provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of the communication unit signal processing and interface circuit provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the optical signal modulation and demodulation process provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts relevant to the invention are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0018] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. The present application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Furthermore, the term "and / or" in this document is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. The terms "first" and "second," etc., in the specification and claims of the embodiments of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order of objects.

[0019] In one embodiment of this application, an elevator data transmission system is provided. The system includes a first communication unit 100, a second communication unit 200, and a control unit 300, which are disposed relatively and independently in the elevator shaft. One of the first communication unit 100 and the second communication unit 200 is fixedly disposed, and the other is movable.

[0020] In one possible implementation, Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an elevator data transmission system provided in an embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the first communication unit 100 can be installed on the top of the elevator car and move up and down with the car, while the second communication unit 200 is fixedly installed at a specific location on the shaft wall (e.g., below the top machine room or in an intermediate floor). The two establish a wireless connection through free space optical communication (FSO).

[0021] Alternatively, in other application scenarios, the first communication unit 100 can be fixed while the second communication unit 200 can be moved according to the shaft structure, or both can be set on the moving parts; that is, it is sufficient to maintain the relative line-of-sight transmission between the first communication unit 100 and the second communication unit 200.

[0022] For example, the control unit 300 is typically located in the elevator machine room or car top box and is used to generate control commands and status data required for elevator operation.

[0023] For example, the first communication unit 100 is used to transmit a target light beam to the second communication unit 200, and obtain adjustment parameters of the transmitted light based on the feedback result of the second communication unit 200 on the target light beam, wherein the target light beam corresponds to the calibration beam and / or the data beam.

[0024] Specifically, the target beam in this application has dual attributes: it can be a calibration beam specifically used for alignment detection (e.g., low-power infrared guide light or visible red light), a data beam directly carrying business information (e.g., a modulated high-speed laser signal), or a combination of both.

[0025] For example, in the early stages of system startup or when the link is lost, the first communication unit 100 can prioritize transmitting a dedicated calibration beam to quickly acquire the other party; after the link stabilizes, it can switch to a data beam, using the pilot sequence or specific fields in the data frame as an alignment feedback source, thereby saving optical resources and improving spectral efficiency.

[0026] For example, the first communication unit 100 obtains the adjustment parameters of the emitted light based on the feedback result of the second communication unit 200 on the target light; wherein, the form of the feedback result is not limited to a single electrical signal or optical signal.

[0027] In a specific implementation, the feedback result can be digitally encoded information (e.g., a message containing deviation coordinates, light intensity value, or bit error rate) sent by the second communication unit 200 through the reverse optical link, or status data transmitted back through a wired loop (e.g., a temporary test cable) or a wireless radio frequency auxiliary link, or status information indirectly inferred by the first communication unit 100 itself by analyzing the echo signal.

[0028] Correspondingly, the adjustment parameters are generated based on the analysis of the above feedback results. For example, when the feedback results show that the light spot deviates from the center by 5 pixels, the adjustment parameters are motor drive commands of "tilt angle +0.1 degrees, azimuth angle -0.05 degrees"; when the feedback results show that the received light power is lower than the threshold, the adjustment parameters may include control quantities of "increasing the transmission power" or "expanding the divergence angle".

[0029] For example, the first communication unit 100 adjusts the emitted light based on adjustment parameters until the feedback result of the target light meets the preset conditions, thus forming an optical transmission link with the second communication unit 200.

[0030] It should be noted that the above-mentioned adjustment of the emitted light is not a one-time initialization operation, but a dynamic convergence process that is continuously iterated.

[0031] Specifically, the preset conditions are quantitative standards for judging whether a link is available, which can be flexibly configured according to actual working conditions. For example, the preset conditions can be an absolute threshold where the light intensity detected by the receiver is higher than -30dBm, a performance threshold where the bit error rate (BER) is lower than 10^-9, or a stability index where the feedback deviation is less than the allowable range for N consecutive cycles.

[0032] For example, after the optical transmission link is formed and maintained, the first communication unit 100 is also used to perform photoelectric conversion on the control command of the control unit 300, and send data corresponding to the control command to the second communication unit 200 or receive the transmission data of the second communication unit 200 through the optical transmission link.

[0033] Specifically, the aforementioned photoelectric conversion is the process of loading an electrical signal onto an optical carrier. It can employ various modulation formats such as on-off keying (OOK), pulse position modulation (PPM), or quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK), and this application does not impose any specific limitations on it.

[0034] For example, the first communication unit 100 converts elevator control commands from the CAN bus or RS-485 interface into high-speed electrical pulses, driving the laser diode to emit light waves whose intensity varies with the signal; after receiving the light wave, the second communication unit 200 restores it to an electrical signal through a photodetector and demodulates the original command; correspondingly, the second communication unit 200 can also transmit sensor data and video monitoring streams in the car back through the same link.

[0035] It should be noted that the data transmission operation performed by the first communication unit 100 and the aforementioned optical transmission link establishment operation can be performed in parallel in time. That is, service data and alignment pilot can be carried simultaneously in the same beam of light, thereby realizing the integration of communication and alignment.

[0036] The elevator data transmission system provided in this application constructs a dynamic beam adjustment mechanism based on real-time feedback, which fundamentally solves the problem of easy loss of lock of free space optical communication links in complex elevator shaft environments. Specifically, by defining the target light as a composite carrier with both calibration and data functions, the system actively senses and compensates for optical path deviations caused by mechanical vibration, attitude shift and atmospheric turbulence based on a closed-loop operation of "light feedback-adjustment-link establishment-data transmission".

[0037] In another embodiment of this application, both the first communication unit 100 and the second communication unit 200 are provided with an optical transmitter, an optical receiver, and a processing module, wherein the processing module has multiple communication interfaces.

[0038] One possible implementation is, such as Figure 2 As shown, the optical transmitter can be a laser diode (LD), and the optical receiver can be an avalanche photodiode (APD). Both are electrically connected to the processing module to form a complete optoelectronic transceiver front end.

[0039] For example, the multiple communication interfaces distributed across the processing module may include a Controller Area Network (CAN) interface, an RS-485 serial communication interface, and a digital input / output (I / O) interface, to accommodate the protocol requirements of different devices in the elevator control system.

[0040] For example, the CAN interface can be used to connect to the elevator main control board to transmit high real-time safety loop signals, the RS-485 interface can be used to connect to the debugging terminal or host computer, and the I / O interface can be used to collect the switching sensor signals in the car.

[0041] In this embodiment, through the above-mentioned multi-interface design, the processing module can not only complete the low-level conversion of photoelectric signals, but also directly act as a protocol gateway to achieve seamless bridging between heterogeneous networks.

[0042] For example, based on the above hardware architecture, the first communication unit 100 is used to emit target light rays to the second communication unit 200 through a light transmitter and receive the emitted light rays from the second communication unit 200 through a light receiver; the processing module is used to transmit data with the control unit 300 through a communication interface and to perform photoelectric conversion on the received data. Based on this, the first communication unit 100 and the second communication unit 200 are symmetrical and full-duplex at the physical layer, and each end has independent data transmission and reception capabilities.

[0043] Specifically, the Ethernet transceiver or dedicated modem chip inside the processing module converts the electrical signal from the CAN or RS-485 interface into a high-speed differential signal, driving the optical transmitter to emit a beam of light carrying information; at the same time, the weak photocurrent sensed by the optical receiver is processed by the transimpedance amplifier (TIA) and the limiting amplifier, and then demodulated by the processing module to restore it to the original electrical signal and output from the corresponding interface.

[0044] In one possible implementation, to improve the maintainability and reliability of the system, the system also includes a status monitoring unit; the status monitoring unit can be integrated into the processing module or exist as an independent monitoring circuit.

[0045] For example, the status monitoring unit is used to acquire the operating parameters of the optical transmitter and optical receiver in real time, and to display the health status of the equipment represented by the operating parameters in real time through a display device.

[0046] For example, the status monitoring unit can monitor the drive current of the optical transmitter in real time through the sampling resistor. When the drive current gradually increases in the constant optical power output mode, it indicates that the laser aging efficiency is decreasing. It can quantify the current received optical power and signal-to-noise ratio by monitoring the output voltage amplitude of the optical receiver. It can obtain the real-time junction temperature inside the device through the built-in temperature sensor.

[0047] Correspondingly, the display device can adopt a multi-color LED indicator group, which can be set in the visible area of ​​the communication unit housing to intuitively represent different health statuses of the device.

[0048] For example, a temperature status light (TMP), a laser status light (LSR), and a signal quality light (SIGNALQUALITY) can be set. When the status monitoring unit detects that the internal temperature of the device exceeds a preset safety threshold (e.g., 70°C), the TMP indicator light changes from solid green to flashing red, indicating an overheating risk. When the remaining lifespan of the optical transmitter is estimated to be lower than a preset threshold (e.g., 10%) based on the integral of the drive current or the cumulative working time, the LSR indicator light turns orange-yellow and flashes, prompting maintenance personnel to prepare spare parts. The signal quality light can be divided into multiple levels according to the received optical power or bit error rate. For example, all lights are green when the signal is excellent, turn off or turn yellow in sequence when the signal is attenuating, and flash red when the signal is critical.

[0049] Optionally, the status monitoring unit also supports remote data reporting and advanced diagnostic functions; specifically, all collected operating parameters and alarm events can be uploaded to the elevator host computer management system through the RS-485 interface of the processing module.

[0050] In addition, based on the aforementioned optical transmission link, the host computer can also perform over-the-air (OTA) firmware upgrades on the processing module to fix software defects or update alignment algorithms without disassembling the device.

[0051] In another embodiment of this application, the first communication unit 100 is provided with a first drive motor.

[0052] In one possible implementation, the second communication unit 200 is used to receive the target light and form a light spot image on the photosensitive surface, determine deviation data based on the deviation between the center of the light spot image and the preset center of the photosensitive surface, and generate an adjustment command based on the deviation data; the adjustment command corresponds to the feedback result of the second communication unit 200 on the target light; the first communication unit 100 is used to obtain the adjustment parameters of the emitted light according to the adjustment command, and instruct the first drive motor to adjust the emitted light according to the adjustment parameters.

[0053] This embodiment provides a high-precision alignment mechanism based on visual feedback, the core of which lies in using the spatial resolution capability of an image sensor to quantify beam pointing error.

[0054] For example, the aforementioned photosensitive surface can be a separately configured CMOS or CCD image sensor array, or it can be a chip surface with position-sensitive detection function integrated with a light receiver.

[0055] Specifically, when the target light emitted by the first communication unit 100 reaches the second communication unit 200, it will project a light spot with a certain energy distribution onto the photosensitive surface. The processing module reads the pixel gray value matrix of the photosensitive surface and calculates the actual geometric center coordinates of the light spot using a centroid algorithm or a weighted average algorithm. Then, based on the pre-calibrated preset center coordinates (usually the physical center of the photosensitive surface or the intersection of optical axes), the actual center coordinates are compared with the preset center coordinates to obtain deviation data including the horizontal and vertical deviations.

[0056] For example, if it is calculated that the center of the light spot deviates from the preset center by 3 pixels to the right and 2 pixels upward, then this pixel-level deviation is determined as the current deviation data.

[0057] Correspondingly, based on the aforementioned deviation data, the processing module of the second communication unit 200 will generate a corresponding adjustment instruction; it should be noted that the adjustment instruction is an execution quantity processed by a control algorithm (e.g., PID control or fuzzy control).

[0058] In one example, the system may have a pre-set mapping table or conversion formula between pixel deviation and motor rotation angle; for example, when the deviation is detected to exceed the preset dead zone threshold (such as ±5 pixels), it is determined that the current alignment state does not meet the requirements, and then an adjustment command containing the target rotation angle or step pulse number is generated and sent to the first communication unit 100 through the reverse optical link or auxiliary channel.

[0059] Correspondingly, after receiving the adjustment command, the first communication unit 100 parses it into adjustment parameters that the first drive motor can recognize, such as the specific number of steps, speed or target angle position. The first drive motor then uses a high-precision stepper motor or servo motor to drive the light emitter or reflector assembly to make a small angle deflection according to the adjustment parameters, thereby correcting the direction of the emitted beam and causing the light spot to gradually converge toward the preset center on the photosensitive surface of the second communication unit 200.

[0060] In another embodiment of this application, the first communication unit 100 is provided with a first drive motor.

[0061] In one possible implementation, the first communication unit 100 is used to form a diverging beam corresponding to the target light through a wide-angle emitting optical component and to diverge it toward the second communication unit 200.

[0062] This embodiment provides a wide-angle emission and dual-end collaborative alignment mechanism based on light intensity feedback. Through the combination of optical design and mechanical linkage, it improves the link establishment speed and stability of the system in complex dynamic environments.

[0063] For example, the wide-angle emitting optical component may be a Fresnel lens, a microlens array, or a specially designed aspherical lens to shape the collimated beam emitted by the laser diode into a light cone with a certain divergence angle (e.g., 3 mrad to 10 mrad).

[0064] Correspondingly, the second communication unit 200 is used to focus the diverging beam onto the photodetector through the optical antenna assembly, determine the deviation data based on the deviation between the actual beam intensity detected by the photodetector and the preset beam intensity, and generate an adjustment command based on the deviation data; wherein, the adjustment command corresponds to the feedback result of the second communication unit 200 on the target light.

[0065] For example, optical antenna components can employ parabolic mirrors, Cassegrain telescope structures, or large-aperture convex lenses to refocus the divergent beam that has traveled a long distance at the receiving end, and efficiently couple it into a photodetector with a small photosensitive area (such as an APD), thereby compensating for the path loss caused by the divergent beam.

[0066] For example, the processing module collects the photocurrent output by the APD or the voltage value after the transimpedance amplifier in real time as the actual beam intensity and compares it with the preset beam intensity; wherein, the preset beam intensity can be an absolute threshold that meets the minimum bit error rate requirement.

[0067] Specifically, when the actual light intensity is lower than the preset value or deviates from the peak value, it is determined that there is an alignment deviation, and an adjustment command containing direction and step size information is generated based on this.

[0068] Based on this, the first communication unit 100 is used to obtain the adjustment parameters of the emitted light according to the adjustment command, and instruct the first drive motor to adjust the emitted light according to the adjustment parameters.

[0069] In one possible implementation, to further improve dynamic tracking performance, the second communication unit 200 is also provided with a second drive motor to obtain the adjustment parameters of the receiving position of the emitted light according to the adjustment command, and to instruct the second drive motor to adjust the light receiving position of the second communication unit 200 according to the adjustment parameters of the receiving position.

[0070] In another embodiment of this application, both the first communication unit 100 and the second communication unit 200 are provided with a beam adjustment component.

[0071] It should be noted that this beam adjustment component is different from the drive motor used to change the beam direction in the previous embodiment; it is specifically used to reconstruct the shape properties of the beam itself.

[0072] In one possible implementation, the beam adjustment component is used to increase the emission angle of the emitted light based on adjustment parameters, or to adjust the number of beams of emitted light.

[0073] In this embodiment, the robustness of the optical transmission link is achieved by dynamically changing the spatial distribution characteristics of the light field, rather than simply relying on improving alignment accuracy.

[0074] For example, the beam adjustment component can employ a variable focal length optical system to drive the lens group to change the focal length when the adjustment parameters resolved by the processing module indicate that there is a high frequency micro-vibration in the current environment or the light intensity fluctuation rate at the receiving end exceeds a preset threshold, thereby expanding the originally collimated narrow divergence angle beam (e.g., 1 mrad) into a wide divergence angle beam (e.g., 5 mrad or even larger) in real time.

[0075] Optionally, the beam adjustment component may include a laser diode array or a multi-path independent light source module, so that when the adjustment parameters indicate that the system is in a critical state of severe vibration, rapid acceleration or deceleration, or a sharp decline in link quality, the processing module controls the beam adjustment component to instantly activate the peripheral redundant laser units, so that the emitted light switches from a single beam to a multi-beam parallel transmission mode (such as switching from a single beam to a 4-beam ring arrangement).

[0076] In another embodiment of this application, both the first communication unit 100 and the second communication unit 200 are provided with a power management module, which is used to continuously supply power to the communication unit through a wireless charging device.

[0077] In one possible implementation, the wireless charging device can employ various contactless power transmission technologies such as magnetic resonance coupling, electromagnetic induction, or radio wave radiation.

[0078] For example, for the first communication unit 100 that moves with the car, a long strip of transmitting coil array can be laid on the hoistway wall or the side of the guide rail, or a fixed transmitting end can be set at a specific floor level position to achieve efficient energy transmission across the air gap using magnetic resonance coupling technology.

[0079] For example, the second communication unit 200, which is fixedly installed, can be powered by a hidden transmitter embedded in the shaft wall.

[0080] For example, the first communication unit 100 is disposed on the top of the elevator car inside the elevator shaft, and the second communication unit 200 is fixedly disposed on the shaft wall inside the elevator shaft.

[0081] In this embodiment, on the one hand, the power management module and wireless charging device work together to free the communication unit from the constraints of external power cables, achieving a fully wireless design and solving problems such as visual clutter, operating noise, and maintenance difficulties caused by traditional traveling cables. On the other hand, based on a specific layout strategy of the car top and shaft walls, the geometric characteristics and environmental features of the shaft space are fully utilized, ensuring the stability of the optical link while also considering the equipment's protection level (such as IP65) and heat dissipation requirements. Therefore, this not only improves the overall aesthetics and riding comfort of the elevator but also significantly simplifies the on-site installation and wiring process, reduces subsequent maintenance costs, and provides reliable infrastructure support for intelligent elevators.

[0082] In another embodiment of this application, an elevator is also provided, which includes an elevator car, a control room, and the elevator data transmission system described in the foregoing embodiments.

[0083] In one possible implementation, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 The control room is equipped with a control unit 300 (i.e., the elevator main control cabinet), which is connected to the second communication unit 200 fixedly installed on the shaft wall via a wired connection. The top of the elevator car is integrated with the first communication unit 100 that moves with the car.

[0084] It should be noted that, Figure 1 Although the layout of the second communication unit 200 located below the equipment room is shown, in other embodiments, depending on the shaft structure and optical path coverage requirements, the second communication unit 200 can also be set in the middle layer of the shaft or the top beam, as long as it can maintain stable line-of-sight transmission with the first communication unit 100.

[0085] For example, the processing module of the first communication unit 100 can be connected to the car top box, door operator controller or safety circuit board inside the elevator car via CAN bus or RS-485 interface to collect position signals, door opening and closing status, load data and safety contact information inside the car, and convert this information into optical signals and send them to the second communication unit 200.

[0086] At the same time, the first communication unit 100 receives the operating instructions, floor display data and voice broadcast signals from the control unit 300 and sends them to the corresponding actuators in the car.

[0087] For example, the second communication unit 200 can also be connected to the main control board in the control room through the same industrial communication interface to complete the convergence and distribution of signals.

[0088] For example, regarding mechanical installation, the first communication unit 100 adopts a compact design (e.g., approximately 90mm × 42mm × 80mm in size and approximately 100g in weight), and is securely installed on the pre-reserved bracket on the car roof using M5 screws and shock-absorbing pads, so as to ensure the cleanliness and alignment stability of the optical window without increasing the additional load on the car roof or interfering with the movement of other components.

[0089] For example, the second communication unit 200 is embedded or wall-mounted on the shaft wall, and its housing protection level reaches IP65 to effectively resist the dust and humid environment inside the shaft.

[0090] The elevator provided in this embodiment not only eliminates the friction noise and visual obstruction caused by the traveling cable during operation, but also fundamentally solves the potential faults caused by cable aging and breakage, significantly improving the aesthetic quality and riding comfort of home elevators or sightseeing elevators, and greatly simplifying the installation and commissioning process and subsequent maintenance costs.

[0091] In another embodiment of this application, a specific modulation and demodulation process for photoelectric conversion by the communication unit is also provided.

[0092] The following is combined with Figure 3 To elaborate in detail, specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, at the transmitting end of the photoelectric conversion (i.e., the corresponding modulation process), the digital bit stream (e.g., the binary sequence "10110011") from the processing module is first converted into the corresponding electrical pulse waveform; wherein, the electrical pulse signal directly drives the optical transmitter (e.g., laser diode LD) or the external optical modulator to achieve optical intensity modulation (OOK).

[0093] For example, when the electrical signal is high (corresponding to logic "1"), the laser emits high optical power; when the electrical signal is low (corresponding to logic "0"), the laser is turned off or outputs extremely low power (extinction ratio state), thereby generating an OOK optical signal waveform carrying information.

[0094] At the receiving end (i.e., the corresponding demodulation process), the optical receiver of the second communication unit 200 (e.g., an avalanche photodiode APD) receives the incident OOK optical signal and linearly converts it into a weak current signal; the current signal is then amplified into a voltage signal by a transimpedance amplifier (TIA), and then a threshold comparison is performed by a decision circuit at the optimal sampling time.

[0095] Specifically, the threshold comparison is as follows: values ​​above the threshold are judged as "1", and values ​​below the threshold are judged as "0", ultimately restoring the original binary data stream.

[0096] The OOK modulation and demodulation mechanism provided in this embodiment has the characteristics of simple circuit structure, fast response speed and low power consumption, which is more suitable for the stringent requirements of elevator control signals for low latency and high reliability.

[0097] It should be noted that in other application scenarios with higher bandwidth requirements (such as real-time transmission of high-definition video inside the car), higher-order modulation formats such as Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) can also be used, combined with digital signal processing (DSP) technology to further improve spectral efficiency and anti-interference capabilities.

[0098] For example, regarding system performance parameters and environmental adaptability, the elevator data transmission system provided in this application has an optimized design for special working conditions in the shaft.

[0099] Specifically, the system's communication rate can reach 100Mbps, and the I / O end-to-end latency is less than 1ms. This not only fully meets the transmission requirements of real-time signals such as elevator safety circuits and door operator control, but also reserves sufficient bandwidth for future expansion of intelligent applications such as remote diagnostics and AI scheduling. The equipment's operating temperature range covers -20℃ to +70℃, which can adapt to the harsh thermal environment in the shaft where there are large temperature differences between winter and summer and limited ventilation. The enclosure protection level reaches IP65, effectively preventing dust intrusion and water spray, and ensuring the long-term cleanliness and safety of the optical window and internal circuitry.

[0100] Secondly, in terms of mechanical specifications, the communication unit adopts a compact aluminum alloy shell design, with dimensions of only 90mm×42mm×80mm and a weight of approximately 100g. Combined with an industrial-grade M12 connector, it ensures both ease and stability of installation without placing an additional load on the top of the car.

[0101] For example, regarding the installation, commissioning, and maintenance process, during the initial installation phase, the first communication unit 100 can integrate a 650nm red indicator laser to project a visible beam to assist installers in making a rough alignment and quickly determining the approximate direction of the optical axis; subsequently, fine adjustments can be made by observing the multi-color LED status indicators (such as the PWR power indicator, LSR laser status indicator, and SIGNAL QUALITY signal quality indicator) on the device panel.

[0102] For example, when all the signal quality lights are green, it indicates that the link is aligned well and the signal-to-noise ratio meets the standard; if the lights turn yellow or flash, it indicates that the angle needs to be fine-tuned.

[0103] By combining the above-mentioned "red light coarse adjustment + LED fine adjustment" method, on-site deployment can be completed without the need for a professional optical power meter, which greatly shortens the installation and commissioning time. In addition, combined with the status monitoring unit described in the previous embodiment, maintenance personnel can also connect to the host computer software through the RS-485 interface to view the historical link quality curve and equipment health report in real time, thereby realizing rapid fault location and predictive maintenance.

[0104] The elevator data transmission system and elevator provided in this application solve the link stability problem of free-space optical communication in the dynamic environment of an elevator by constructing a dynamic beam adjustment mechanism based on feedback results. Specifically, by using the target light beam as a feedback carrier and combining it with the detection of deviations in the position or intensity of the light spot, the actuator is driven to correct the transmission or reception parameters in real time, forming an adaptive alignment closed loop that is resistant to vibration and offset, fundamentally ensuring uninterrupted communication and a low bit error rate. Secondly, the system integrates status monitoring and wireless power supply design, which, while achieving a fully wireless architecture and eliminating the drawbacks of physical cables, further improves the maintainability and environmental adaptability of the equipment, providing reliable technical support for the intelligent and aesthetic design of elevators.

[0105] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and an explanation of the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of disclosure in this application is not limited to technical solutions formed by specific combinations of the above-described technical features, but should also cover other technical solutions formed by arbitrary combinations of the above-described technical features or their equivalents without departing from the foregoing disclosed concept. For example, technical solutions formed by substituting the above features with (but not limited to) technical features with similar functions disclosed in this application.

Claims

1. An elevator data transmission system, characterized in that, The system includes a first communication unit, a second communication unit, and a control unit that are respectively and independently installed in the elevator shaft. One of the first communication unit and the second communication unit is fixed, and the other is movable. The first communication unit is configured to transmit a target light beam to the second communication unit and obtain adjustment parameters of the transmitted light beam based on the feedback result of the second communication unit on the target light beam, wherein the target light beam corresponds to a calibration beam and / or a data beam; The emitted light is adjusted based on the adjustment parameters until the feedback result of the target light meets the preset conditions, thereby forming an optical transmission link with the second communication unit; The first communication unit is further configured to perform photoelectric conversion on the control commands of the control unit, and send data corresponding to the control commands to the second communication unit or receive data transmitted by the second communication unit through the optical transmission link.

2. The elevator data transmission system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first communication unit and the second communication unit are equipped with an optical transmitter, an optical receiver, and a processing module, wherein the processing module has multiple communication interfaces. The first communication unit is used to transmit the target light to the second communication unit through the light transmitter, and to receive the transmitted light from the second communication unit through the light receiver; The processing module is used to transmit data with the control unit through the communication interface and to perform photoelectric conversion on the received data.

3. The elevator data transmission system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first communication unit is equipped with a first drive motor; The second communication unit is used to receive the target light and form a light spot image on the photosensitive surface, determine deviation data based on the deviation between the center of the light spot image and the preset center of the photosensitive surface, and generate an adjustment command based on the deviation data; the adjustment command corresponds to the feedback result of the second communication unit on the target light. The first communication unit is configured to obtain the adjustment parameters of the emitted light according to the adjustment command, and instruct the first drive motor to adjust the emitted light according to the adjustment parameters.

4. The elevator data transmission system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first communication unit is equipped with a first drive motor; The first communication unit is used to form a diverging beam corresponding to the target light through a wide-angle emitting optical component and to emit it toward the second communication unit; The second communication unit is used to focus the diverging beam onto a photodetector via an optical antenna assembly, determine deviation data based on the deviation between the actual beam intensity detected by the photodetector and a preset beam intensity, and generate an adjustment command based on the deviation data; the adjustment command corresponds to the feedback result of the second communication unit on the target beam. The first communication unit is configured to obtain the adjustment parameters of the emitted light according to the adjustment command, and instruct the first drive motor to adjust the emitted light according to the adjustment parameters.

5. The elevator data transmission system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first communication unit and the second communication unit are equipped with a beam adjustment component; The beam adjustment component is used to expand the emission angle of the emitted light based on the adjustment parameters, or to adjust the number of beams of the emitted light.

6. The elevator data transmission system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second communication unit is equipped with a second drive motor; The second communication unit is used to obtain the adjustment parameters of the receiving position of the emitted light according to the adjustment command, and to instruct the second drive motor to adjust the light receiving position of the second communication unit according to the adjustment parameters of the receiving position.

7. The elevator data transmission system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The system also includes a status monitoring unit; The status monitoring unit is used to acquire the operating parameters of the light transmitter and the light receiver in real time, and to display the health status of the equipment represented by the operating parameters in real time through a display device.

8. The elevator data transmission system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first communication unit and the second communication unit are equipped with a power management module, which is used to continuously supply power to the communication unit through a wireless charging device.

9. The elevator data transmission system according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The first communication unit is located on the top of the elevator car inside the elevator shaft, and the second communication unit is fixedly installed on the shaft wall inside the elevator shaft.

10. An elevator, characterized in that, It includes an elevator car, a control room, and the elevator data transmission system as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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