Wideband array amplitude and phase consistency correction method and system

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of wideband array correction, and discloses a wideband array amplitude-phase consistency correction method and system, amplitude-phase sampling information of each transmitting channel in the wideband array at multiple sampling frequency points is acquired, and amplitude-phase errors of each transmitting channel relative to a reference state are determined based on the amplitude-phase sampling information; a drift trajectory corresponding to each transmitting channel is constructed; branch identification is performed on the drift trajectory of each transmitting channel, drift branches corresponding to each transmitting channel are determined, and prediction errors corresponding to each transmitting channel are generated; the prediction errors of each transmitting channel are input into a least mean square correction algorithm, correction parameters corresponding to each transmitting channel are calculated; and the excitation signal of the corresponding transmitting channel is adjusted. Through drift trajectory branch identification and prediction error correction, the present application scheme realizes amplitude-phase dynamic compensation of each transmitting channel in the wideband array in a continuous transmitting process, and improves the wideband amplitude-phase consistency and beam stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of broadband array correction technology, and in particular to a broadband array amplitude and phase consistency correction method and system. Background Technology

[0002] Broadband active phased array transmitter systems typically consist of multiple transmitting channels operating in parallel. Each channel undergoes digital-to-analog conversion, up-conversion, phase shifting, amplification, and feeding to collectively form the array radiation. To ensure beam pointing, sidelobe levels, and transmitted waveform quality, each transmitting channel needs to maintain good amplitude and phase consistency within its operating bandwidth. In engineering practice, a coupled sampling branch is usually installed within the array to acquire the output signals of each channel. Then, correction values ​​are generated based on amplitude and phase errors to compensate for the channel excitation amplitude and phase.

[0003] Existing correction methods are mostly based on the amplitude and phase errors under a certain calibration state, or they directly update the correction parameters during transmission based on the current sampling error. These methods can meet basic usage requirements for narrowband arrays or stable power conditions, but they have significant shortcomings in broadband transmission scenarios. The channel error of a broadband array is often not a fixed deviation. At different sampling frequencies, the amplitude and phase responses of the phase shifter, power amplifier, feeder, and coupling branch are not completely consistent. The same channel may have a smaller error at the center frequency but exhibit phase curvature at the bandwidth edges. If a uniform correction is used across the entire bandwidth, local frequency band errors are easily averaged out, ultimately resulting in a decrease in beam quality at the edge frequencies.

[0004] On the other hand, active transmission channels are affected by output power and device temperature rise during continuous transmission. The amplitude and phase characteristics of the power amplifier, driver stage, and RF switches change with thermal state, and this change is usually hysteretic. The error change path during the heating process does not completely coincide with the error change path during the cooling process, and different phase errors may correspond to the same temperature point. If existing methods compensate only based on the current error or the current temperature, they are prone to mixing different drift sources together, resulting in repeated fluctuations in correction parameters or residual mismatches remaining after correction.

[0005] Therefore, in the transmission process of broadband active phased arrays, it is urgent to propose a broadband array amplitude and phase consistency correction method that can identify the channel amplitude and phase error drift trajectory based on the continuous sampling process and generate prediction errors by combining different drift branches, so as to solve the problem that the existing correction methods are difficult to adapt to broadband local frequency band mismatch and continuous transmission thermal drift. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides a broadband array amplitude and phase consistency correction method and system, aiming to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a broadband array amplitude and phase consistency correction method, comprising the following steps: The amplitude and phase sampling information of each transmission channel in the broadband array at multiple sampling frequency points is obtained, and the amplitude and phase error of each transmission channel relative to the reference state is determined based on the amplitude and phase sampling information. Based on the amplitude and phase error changes of each transmission channel during continuous sampling, a drift trajectory corresponding to each transmission channel is constructed; wherein, the drift trajectory is used to characterize the evolution relationship of the amplitude and phase error of the corresponding transmission channel with the transmission state. Branch identification is performed on the drift trajectory of each transmission channel to determine the drift branch corresponding to each transmission channel, and the prediction error corresponding to each transmission channel is generated based on the drift branch; The prediction error of each transmission channel is input into the least mean square correction algorithm to calculate the correction parameters for each transmission channel. The excitation signal of the corresponding transmission channel is adjusted based on the correction parameters of each transmission channel.

[0008] Optionally, the amplitude and phase sampling information of each transmission channel in the broadband array at multiple sampling frequency points is obtained, and the amplitude and phase error of each transmission channel relative to the reference state is determined based on the amplitude and phase sampling information, including: When the broadband array is in a preset transmission state, select multiple sampling frequency points covering the working bandwidth and obtain the sampling signals of each transmission channel at each sampling frequency point; The sampled signal is synchronously demodulated to obtain the amplitude and phase sampled values ​​of each transmission channel at each sampling frequency point; Based on the reference amplitude and reference phase values ​​at the same sampling frequency, the difference between the amplitude sampling values ​​and the phase sampling values ​​is calculated to obtain the amplitude error and phase error of each transmission channel relative to the reference state.

[0009] Optionally, based on the amplitude and phase error changes of each transmission channel during continuous sampling, a drift trajectory corresponding to each transmission channel is constructed, including: According to the sampling time sequence, the amplitude error and phase error of the same transmission channel at each sampling frequency point are arranged to form the error timing sequence of the corresponding transmission channel; Based on the error change between adjacent sampling times, the direction of error change for the corresponding transmission channel at each sampling frequency is determined. The error timing is correlated with the error change direction to generate the drift trajectory of the corresponding transmission channel.

[0010] Optionally, the amplitude and phase errors of the same transmission channel at each sampling frequency point are arranged according to the sampling time sequence to form the error timing sequence of the corresponding transmission channel, including: Using a single broadband transmission frame as a timing unit, the amplitude error and phase error corresponding to each sampling frequency point of the same transmission channel within the broadband transmission frame are obtained; Based on the sampling time of the preset reference frequency point within the broadband transmission frame, time alignment processing is performed on the amplitude error and phase error of the other sampling frequency points to obtain the alignment error group within the same broadband transmission frame. The alignment error groups are arranged in the order of consecutive broadband transmission frames to form the error timing sequence of the corresponding transmission channel.

[0011] Optionally, branch identification is performed on the drift trajectory of each transmission channel to determine the drift branch corresponding to each transmission channel, including: Based on the drift trajectory of each transmission channel, the frequency point error change relationship and the time adjacent error change relationship of the same transmission channel in the continuous sampling process are extracted respectively. When the frequency error variation relationship indicates that the same transmission channel exhibits phase error bending at some sampling frequency points, the corresponding transmission channel is identified as a frequency bending branch. When the time-adjacent error change relationship indicates that the amplitude and phase error of the same transmission channel accumulates unidirectionally with the continuous transmission process, the corresponding transmission channel is identified as the thermal drift branch; When neither the frequency point error change relationship nor the time adjacent error change relationship meets the corresponding branch determination condition, the corresponding transmission channel is determined as a normal drift branch.

[0012] Optionally, the prediction error for each transmission channel is generated based on the drift branch, including: When the transmission channel belongs to the frequency bending branch, the local frequency band corresponding to the transmission channel is determined based on the phase error bending position in the corresponding drift trajectory, and the prediction error of the transmission channel in the local frequency band is generated according to the amplitude and phase error change of adjacent sampling frequency points in the local frequency band. When the transmission channel belongs to the thermal drift branch, based on the direction of amplitude and phase error change at consecutive sampling times in the corresponding drift trajectory, the amplitude and phase error at the current sampling time is extended to generate the prediction error of the transmission channel at the next sampling time. When the transmission channel belongs to the normal drift branch, the prediction error of the transmission channel is generated based on the amplitude and phase error at the current sampling time in the corresponding drift trajectory.

[0013] Optionally, the prediction error of each transmission channel is input into the least mean square correction algorithm to calculate the correction parameters for each transmission channel, including: The prediction error of each transmission channel is converted into a complex error at the corresponding sampling frequency, and the complex error is used as the error input of the least mean square correction algorithm. Based on the current excitation signal of each transmission channel and the complex error, calculate the correction update amount for the corresponding transmission channel; The correction update amount is superimposed with the current correction parameters of the corresponding transmission channel to obtain the correction parameters of the corresponding transmission channel. The correction parameters include amplitude correction parameters and phase correction parameters.

[0014] Optionally, the least mean square correction algorithm is expressed as: ; in, Indicates the first The launch channel is in the first Complex correction coefficients at each sampling time; Indicates the first The updated complex correction coefficients for each transmission channel; Indicates the relationship with the first Each transmit channel corresponds to a step size parameter associated with its drift branch; Represents the stability constant; Indicates the first The current excitation vector of each transmission channel at multiple sampling frequencies; express The conjugate transpose of; Indicates the first Excitation energy of each transmission channel at multiple sampling frequencies; Indicates based on the first The drift branches of each transmission channel generate prediction error vectors that need to be offset.

[0015] Optionally, the excitation signal of the corresponding transmission channel is adjusted based on the correction parameters of each transmission channel, including: The correction parameters for each transmission channel are decomposed into amplitude correction and phase correction. The excitation amplitude of the corresponding transmission channel is corrected based on the amplitude correction amount, and the excitation phase of the corresponding transmission channel is corrected based on the phase correction amount, so as to obtain the updated excitation signal of the corresponding transmission channel. The updated excitation signals of each transmission channel are loaded into the transmission link of the broadband array, and the amplitude and phase sampling information of each transmission channel is obtained in the next sampling process, so as to continue to perform amplitude and phase consistency correction based on the amplitude and phase sampling information.

[0016] Furthermore, to achieve the above objectives, the present invention also provides a broadband array amplitude and phase consistency correction system, comprising: The acquisition unit is used to acquire amplitude and phase sampling information of each transmission channel in the broadband array at multiple sampling frequency points, and to determine the amplitude and phase error of each transmission channel relative to the reference state based on the amplitude and phase sampling information. The processing unit is used to construct the drift trajectory of each transmission channel based on the amplitude and phase error changes during continuous sampling; wherein the drift trajectory is used to characterize the evolution relationship of the amplitude and phase error of the corresponding transmission channel with the transmission state. The prediction unit is used to identify branches of the drift trajectory of each transmission channel, determine the drift branches corresponding to each transmission channel, and generate the prediction error corresponding to each transmission channel based on the drift branches. The correction unit is used to input the prediction error of each transmission channel into the minimum mean square correction algorithm to calculate the correction parameters for each transmission channel. The adjustment unit is used to adjust the excitation signal of the corresponding transmission channel based on the correction parameters of each transmission channel.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: by obtaining the amplitude and phase errors of each transmission channel through multiple sampling frequency points, and constructing a drift trajectory based on the continuous sampling process, the correction object is transformed from a single static error to an error evolution process that changes with the transmission state; furthermore, by generating prediction errors through drift branch identification, and then using the least mean square correction algorithm to calculate correction parameters and adjust the excitation signal, it is possible to provide corresponding compensation for different error sources such as broadband local frequency band mismatch and continuous transmission thermal drift, reduce the local error masking caused by uniform correction across the entire bandwidth, and improve the amplitude and phase consistency and beam stability of the broadband array during continuous transmission. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the device structure of the hardware operating environment involved in the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of the broadband array amplitude and phase consistency correction method of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a structural block diagram of a broadband array amplitude and phase consistency correction system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0020] like Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the device structure of the hardware operating environment involved in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0021] like Figure 1As shown, the device may include: a processor 1001, such as a CPU; a communication bus 1002; a user interface 1003; a network interface 1004; and a memory 1005. The communication bus 1002 is used to enable communication between these components. The user interface 1003 may include a display screen or an input unit such as a keyboard; optionally, the user interface 1003 may also include a standard wired interface or a wireless interface. The network interface 1004 may optionally include a standard wired interface or a wireless interface (such as a Wi-Fi interface). The memory 1005 may be high-speed RAM or non-volatile memory, such as a disk drive. Optionally, the memory 1005 may also be a storage device independent of the aforementioned processor 1001.

[0022] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 1 The structure of the device shown does not constitute a limitation on the device and may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, the memory 1005, which is a computer storage medium, may include an acquisition unit, a processing unit, a prediction unit, a correction unit, an adjustment unit, and a broadband array amplitude-phase consistency correction program.

[0024] exist Figure 1 In the terminal shown, network interface 1004 is mainly used to connect to the backend server and communicate with it; user interface 1003 is mainly used to connect to the client (user terminal) and communicate with it; while processor 1001 can be used to call the broadband array amplitude and phase consistency correction program stored in memory 1005. The amplitude and phase sampling information of each transmission channel in the broadband array at multiple sampling frequency points is obtained, and the amplitude and phase error of each transmission channel relative to the reference state is determined based on the amplitude and phase sampling information. Based on the amplitude and phase error changes of each transmission channel during continuous sampling, a drift trajectory corresponding to each transmission channel is constructed; wherein, the drift trajectory is used to characterize the evolution relationship of the amplitude and phase error of the corresponding transmission channel with the transmission state. Branch identification is performed on the drift trajectory of each transmission channel to determine the drift branch corresponding to each transmission channel, and the prediction error corresponding to each transmission channel is generated based on the drift branch; The prediction error of each transmission channel is input into the least mean square correction algorithm to calculate the correction parameters for each transmission channel. The excitation signal of the corresponding transmission channel is adjusted based on the correction parameters of each transmission channel.

[0025] This invention provides a method for broadband array amplitude and phase consistency correction, referring to... Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of the broadband array amplitude and phase consistency correction method of the present invention.

[0026] In this embodiment, a broadband array amplitude and phase consistency correction method includes the following steps: S100: Obtain amplitude and phase sampling information of each transmission channel in the broadband array at multiple sampling frequency points, and determine the amplitude and phase error of each transmission channel relative to the reference state based on the amplitude and phase sampling information.

[0027] S200: Based on the amplitude and phase error changes of each transmission channel during continuous sampling, construct the drift trajectory corresponding to each transmission channel; wherein, the drift trajectory is used to characterize the evolution relationship of the amplitude and phase error of the corresponding transmission channel with the change of transmission state.

[0028] S300: Branch identification is performed on the drift trajectory of each transmission channel to determine the drift branch corresponding to each transmission channel, and prediction error corresponding to each transmission channel is generated based on the drift branch.

[0029] S400: Input the prediction error of each transmission channel into the minimum mean square correction algorithm to calculate the correction parameters for each transmission channel.

[0030] S500: Adjusts the excitation signal of the corresponding transmission channel based on the correction parameters of each transmission channel.

[0031] It should be noted that this invention provides a broadband array amplitude and phase consistency correction method, applicable to broadband active phased array transmission systems. The method first acquires amplitude and phase sampling information for each transmission channel at multiple sampling frequency points, and calculates the amplitude and phase error of each transmission channel based on a reference state. Then, utilizing the changing relationship of amplitude and phase errors during continuous sampling, a drift trajectory corresponding to each transmission channel is constructed, so that channel errors are no longer treated as single static deviations, but rather as a dynamic evolution process changing with the transmission state. Subsequently, branch identification is performed on the drift trajectory to distinguish different error change patterns such as frequency bending, thermal drift, and conventional drift, and prediction errors for each transmission channel are generated accordingly. Finally, the prediction errors are input into a least mean square correction algorithm to calculate the corresponding correction parameters, and the excitation signals of each transmission channel are adjusted based on the correction parameters. Through the above process, dynamic compensation for channel amplitude and phase mismatch can be performed under broadband and continuous transmission conditions, reducing the risk of local frequency band errors being masked by average correction.

[0032] Step S100 specifically includes the following steps: Step S101: When the broadband array is in the preset transmission state, select multiple sampling frequency points covering the working bandwidth and obtain the sampling signals of each transmission channel at each sampling frequency point.

[0033] Step S102: Perform synchronous demodulation on the sampled signal to obtain the amplitude sampled value and phase sampled value of each transmission channel at each sampling frequency point.

[0034] Step S103: Based on the reference amplitude value and reference phase value at the same sampling frequency, calculate the difference between the amplitude sampling value and the phase sampling value to obtain the amplitude error and phase error of each transmission channel relative to the reference state.

[0035] In step S100, the amplitude and phase sampling information of the broadband array can be obtained when the array is in a preset transmission state. The preset transmission state can be the state where the array outputs calibration signals according to a preset power, preset beam pointing, and preset modulation method, or the state where the array inserts calibration symbols or calibration subframes during normal transmission. In specific implementations, multiple sampling frequency points can be selected according to the operating bandwidth of the broadband array. These multiple sampling frequency points should cover the low-frequency end, mid-frequency band, and high-frequency end of the operating bandwidth, and the interval between adjacent sampling frequency points can be set according to the channel amplitude and phase response change rate. For example, for an active phased array transmission system with an operating bandwidth of 26 GHz to 30 GHz, sampling frequency points can be set at intervals of 250 MHz or 500 MHz, so that subsequent amplitude and phase error calculations can reflect the channel response differences within the broadband range.

[0036] The sampled signals of each transmit channel at each sampling frequency can be obtained through a coupled sampling branch. The coupled sampling branch can be located after the power amplifier, phase shifter, or antenna feed of the transmit channel; the specific location can be determined based on the array structure and the object to be corrected. To avoid the sampling timing deviation between different transmit channels affecting amplitude and phase error calculation, the sampling process can be triggered by a unified sampling clock, or each channel can be sampled sequentially by a synchronization trigger signal. When multi-channel parallel sampling is limited, a switch-gated method can be used to poll sampling by channel; however, the sampling time should be recorded so that the sampled signals of each transmit channel can be mapped to the same transmission state for processing during subsequent synchronous demodulation.

[0037] After acquiring the sampled signal, it is synchronously demodulated. Synchronous demodulation can use the local oscillator signal or digital reference signal corresponding to the current sampling frequency as the demodulation reference, converting the sampled signal into in-phase and quadrature components, and then calculating the amplitude and phase sample values ​​from these components. For a digital intermediate frequency (IF) sampling structure, the sampled signal can be down-converted to IF or baseband first, and then the amplitude and phase sample values ​​can be obtained through digital quadrature demodulation. For a structure combining analog detection and phase detection, the amplitude sample value can be output by the amplitude detection circuit, and the phase sample value can be output by the phase comparison circuit or vector detection unit. The above implementation methods do not limit the specific hardware path of the sampled signal, as long as the amplitude and phase sample values ​​corresponding to the output state of the transmission channel can be obtained at the same sampling frequency.

[0038] The reference state can be determined based on a preset reference channel, array calibration state, or target excitation state. For implementations using a reference channel, a transmission channel with good amplitude and phase stability can be selected as the reference channel, and the amplitude and phase sample values ​​of this reference channel at the same sampling frequency can be used as the reference amplitude and reference phase values. For implementations using the target excitation state, the reference amplitude and reference phase values ​​corresponding to each sampling frequency can be preset according to the desired amplitude and phase distribution of the array. Subsequently, the amplitude sample values ​​of each transmission channel at the same sampling frequency are compared with the reference amplitude value to calculate the amplitude error; the phase sample values ​​of each transmission channel at the same sampling frequency are compared with the reference phase value to calculate the phase error. During phase difference calculation, phase results spanning ±π can be unwrapped to avoid phase jumps being misjudged as true channel errors. The resulting amplitude and phase errors correspond one-to-one with the transmission channel, sampling frequency, and sampling time, serving as the data basis for subsequent drift trajectory construction.

[0039] Specifically, step S200 includes the following steps: Step S201 arranges the amplitude error and phase error of the same transmission channel at each sampling frequency point according to the sampling time sequence to form the error timing sequence of the corresponding transmission channel.

[0040] Specifically, taking a single broadband transmission frame as a timing unit, the amplitude and phase errors corresponding to each sampling frequency point within the broadband transmission frame for the same transmission channel are obtained; based on the sampling time of a preset reference frequency point within the broadband transmission frame, timing alignment processing is performed on the amplitude and phase errors of the remaining sampling frequency points to obtain alignment error groups within the same broadband transmission frame; the alignment error groups are arranged according to the chronological order of consecutive broadband transmission frames to form the error timing sequence of the corresponding transmission channel.

[0041] Step S202 determines the direction of error change of the corresponding transmission channel at each sampling frequency point based on the amount of error change between adjacent sampling times.

[0042] Step S203 associates the error timing with the error change direction to generate the drift trajectory of the corresponding transmission channel.

[0043] In step S200, the drift trajectory is constructed based on the amplitude and phase errors obtained in step S100. Since broadband arrays are typically not continuously calibrated at a single frequency point during actual transmission, but rather multiple sampling frequency points are detected within a single broadband transmission frame, the error data for the same transmission channel at different sampling frequency points may have slight differences in sampling timing. This difference has a small impact in static calibration, but under conditions of continuous transmission, power changes, or rapid temperature rise, it can cause misalignment in the error change relationship. To ensure that the subsequent drift trajectory reflects the amplitude and phase changes during the actual transmission process, step S201 uses a single broadband transmission frame as a timing processing unit to process the errors at each sampling frequency point of the same transmission channel within that broadband transmission frame.

[0044] In practice, each broadband transmission frame can correspond to a complete multi-frequency sampling process, or it can correspond to a transmission time slice containing calibration symbols, pilot signals, or swept sampling segments. For the i-th transmission channel, within the m-th broadband transmission frame, the system acquires the amplitude and phase errors of that transmission channel at multiple sampling frequencies. To ensure that the errors at each sampling frequency are under the same timing reference, a preset reference frequency within the broadband transmission frame can be selected as the time alignment reference. The preset reference frequency can be the center frequency of the operating bandwidth or a fixed sampling frequency with good stability during array calibration. Based on the sampling time of this preset reference frequency, time alignment processing is performed on the amplitude and phase errors corresponding to the remaining sampling frequencies. The time alignment processing can be completed using adjacent sample hold, linear interpolation, or backfilling according to the sampling order. The specific method can be determined based on the sampling frequency interval, transmission frame period, and channel error change rate. For scenarios with relatively gentle error changes, adjacent sample hold can be used; for scenarios with rapid temperature rise during continuous transmission, linear interpolation can be used to convert the errors of each sampling frequency to the sampling time of the preset reference frequency.

[0045] After time alignment processing, an alignment error group is formed within the same broadband transmission frame. This alignment error group includes amplitude and phase errors of the same transmission channel at multiple sampling frequencies, and each error data corresponds to the same transmission frame timing reference. Subsequently, the alignment error groups are arranged in chronological order of consecutive broadband transmission frames to form the error timing sequence of the corresponding transmission channel. This error timing sequence can be understood as an error data sequence with the broadband transmission frame as the time index and the sampling frequency as the frequency index. After this processing, the error data of the same transmission channel retains both the differences between different sampling frequencies within the broadband and the time variation relationship during continuous transmission.

[0046] In step S202, the direction of error change is determined based on the error change between adjacent sampling times. For the same transmission channel and the same sampling frequency, the amplitude error in the subsequent broadband transmission frame is subtracted from the amplitude error in the previous broadband transmission frame to obtain the amplitude error change; the phase error in the subsequent broadband transmission frame is subtracted from the phase error in the previous broadband transmission frame to obtain the phase error change. Phase unwrapping can be used again when calculating the phase error change to avoid errors in direction determination caused by phase crossing boundaries. If the error change is positive, the corresponding error is determined to be increasing at that sampling frequency; if the error change is negative, the corresponding error is determined to be decreasing; if the error change is within a preset small change range, the corresponding error is determined to be in an approximately stable direction. This error change direction can be generated separately for amplitude error and phase error, or it can be recorded in the form of the change direction of complex errors.

[0047] In step S203, the error timing sequence is correlated with the error change direction to generate the drift trajectory of the corresponding transmission channel. This correlation can be established according to the transmission channel number, sampling frequency number, and broadband transmission frame number, ensuring that each error timing point carries its preceding and following change direction. For a transmission channel, the drift trajectory may include amplitude error sequences, phase error sequences, and corresponding error change directions at multiple sampling frequencies. Taking a 28GHz broadband active phased array as an example, the phase error of a transmission channel at the center frequency may slowly increase from 1.2° to 2.0°, while the phase error at the high-frequency sampling frequency may increase from 2.5° to 6.8°. After the above processing, the drift trajectory of this transmission channel can retain the different change paths at the center frequency and the high-frequency sampling frequency, providing a data foundation for subsequent branch identification. The specific storage format of the drift trajectory can be a matrix, table, or multidimensional array, as long as the correspondence between the transmission channel, sampling frequency, sampling time, amplitude and phase errors, and error change direction can be maintained.

[0048] In a further implementation, after each broadband transmission frame ends, the end sampling time of that broadband transmission frame is recorded, and at the beginning of the next broadband transmission frame, the start sampling time is recorded. A silence interval parameter is determined based on the silence duration between the two sampling times. Then, the silence interval parameter is correlated with the amplitude and phase error changes of the corresponding transmission channel in the two consecutive broadband transmission frames to form a silence interval correction term. When constructing the drift trajectory, the silence interval correction term is incorporated into the calculation of the error change direction between adjacent broadband transmission frames, enabling the drift trajectory to distinguish between error accumulation caused by continuous transmission and error fallback after the silence interval.

[0049] Specifically, in step S300, branch identification is performed on the drift trajectory of each transmission channel to determine the drift branch corresponding to each transmission channel. This includes: based on the drift trajectory of each transmission channel, extracting the frequency-to-frequency error change relationship and the time-adjacent error change relationship of the same transmission channel during continuous sampling; when the frequency-to-frequency error change relationship indicates that the same transmission channel exhibits phase error bending at some sampling frequency points, the corresponding transmission channel is determined as a frequency bending branch; when the time-adjacent error change relationship indicates that the amplitude and phase errors of the same transmission channel accumulate unidirectionally with the continuous transmission process, the corresponding transmission channel is determined as a thermal drift branch; when neither the frequency-to-frequency error change relationship nor the time-adjacent error change relationship meets the corresponding branch determination condition, the corresponding transmission channel is determined as a regular drift branch.

[0050] Preferably, generating prediction errors for each transmission channel based on the drift branches includes: when the transmission channel belongs to a frequency bending branch, determining the local frequency band corresponding to the transmission channel based on the phase error bending position in the corresponding drift trajectory, and generating the prediction error of the transmission channel in the local frequency band based on the amplitude and phase error changes of adjacent sampling frequency points within the local frequency band; when the transmission channel belongs to a thermal drift branch, extending the amplitude and phase error of the current sampling time based on the amplitude and phase error change direction of continuous sampling times in the corresponding drift trajectory, and generating the prediction error of the transmission channel at the next sampling time; when the transmission channel belongs to a conventional drift branch, generating the prediction error of the transmission channel based on the amplitude and phase error of the current sampling time in the corresponding drift trajectory.

[0051] In step S300, the purpose of branch identification of the drift trajectory is to distinguish the amplitude and phase error variation patterns from different sources. During continuous transmission of a broadband array, the amplitude and phase errors of the same transmission channel do not always change in the same way. Some errors are mainly concentrated in local frequency bands, manifested as phase abrupt changes or phase bending near some sampling frequency points; some errors gradually accumulate with continuous transmission time, manifested as a slow drift of the overall amplitude and phase response in a single direction. If a uniform method is used to process all drift trajectories directly, it is easy to mix different variation mechanisms into the same correction process, resulting in the local frequency band errors being averaged out, or thermal drift in continuous transmission being unpredictable in advance. Therefore, in this embodiment, the drift trajectory is divided into different drift branches, and prediction errors are generated according to the drift branches respectively.

[0052] In practical implementation, the frequency-point error variation relationship and the temporal adjacent error variation relationship can be extracted based on the drift trajectory of each transmission channel. The frequency-point error variation relationship reflects the error distribution between different sampling frequencies at the same sampling time. For example, within the same broadband transmission frame, the phase error of a transmission channel at the center frequency is 1.5°, while the phase error at the high-frequency sampling frequency increases to 6.2°, and the direction of phase error change between adjacent sampling frequencies reverses. In this case, it can be considered that the transmission channel has phase error curvature at the high-frequency end. Phase error curvature can be determined by the direction of change of phase error increment between adjacent sampling frequencies, or by performing second-order difference calculation on the phase error sequence. When the second-order difference results of multiple consecutive sampling frequencies exceed a preset curvature threshold, it can be determined that the corresponding transmission channel has local frequency band phase error curvature, and the transmission channel is divided into frequency curvature branches.

[0053] The temporal adjacent error variation relationship is used to reflect the trend of error change over time during continuous transmission. For active phased array transmission systems, power amplifiers, phase shifters, and feeders are affected by thermal changes during continuous operation. The amplitude and phase errors of the same transmission channel may continuously change in a single direction between consecutive broadband transmission frames. For example, if the phase error of a transmission channel gradually increases from 0.8° to 4.6° over 20 consecutive broadband transmission frames, and the direction of change remains consistent, then the transmission channel can be considered to have continuous thermal drift. Such transmission channels can be classified as thermal drift branches. If the frequency point error variation relationship and the temporal adjacent error variation relationship of the corresponding transmission channel do not meet the above judgment conditions, it indicates that the error change of the transmission channel is relatively stable, with only normal fluctuations. In this case, it can be classified as a normal drift branch.

[0054] After drift branch identification, prediction errors for the corresponding transmission channels are generated based on different drift branches. For frequency curvature branches, since the errors are concentrated in local frequency bands, the prediction error generation is based on these local frequency bands. The system can determine the local frequency band range based on the location of phase error curvature in the drift trajectory. For example, if phase error curvature occurs continuously between 29 GHz and 30 GHz, this range is determined as the local frequency band for the corresponding transmission channel. Subsequently, the local frequency band error at the next sampling time is predicted based on the amplitude and phase error changes between adjacent sampling frequency points within the local frequency band. Specifically, linear extrapolation, error increment continuation, or local fitting methods can be used to generate the prediction error, ensuring that the prediction result remains consistent with the current local frequency band change trend.

[0055] For the thermal drift branch, the prediction error is generated based on the direction of error change over consecutive sampling times. Since thermal drift typically exhibits continuous unidirectional accumulation, the amplitude and phase errors for the next sampling time can be extrapolated based on the error change between the current and previous sampling times. For example, if the phase error increases by approximately 0.2° per broadband transmission frame during continuous transmission of a certain transmission channel, the amplitude and phase errors at the current sampling time can be extended according to the current direction of change to generate the prediction error for the next sampling time. For scenarios with rapid changes in thermal state, the average direction of change can also be calculated by combining the error changes over multiple consecutive broadband transmission frames to reduce the impact of single sampling fluctuations on the prediction results.

[0056] For conventional drift branches, since their error variation is relatively small, the prediction error can be directly generated based on the amplitude and phase errors at the current sampling time. This type of prediction method does not require additional local frequency band analysis or time trend extrapolation; it only needs to retain the current error state. Through the above branched prediction method, different types of drift trajectories can generate corresponding prediction errors, which can then be used as input data for the subsequent least mean square correction algorithm.

[0057] In a further embodiment, the error direction reversal period is extracted based on the error change direction of the same transmission channel in multiple consecutive broadband transmission frames. When the error direction of the same transmission channel repeatedly changes alternately within a preset range of consecutive broadband transmission frames, and the time interval between adjacent reversals meets a preset period condition, the transmission channel is identified as an alternating drift branch. For the alternating drift branch, the prediction errors corresponding to the error increase phase and the error fallback phase can be recorded separately, and when generating the prediction error, the corresponding prediction error is selected according to the drift phase to which the current broadband transmission frame belongs.

[0058] Specifically, step S400 includes the following steps: Step S401: Convert the prediction error of each transmission channel into a complex error at the corresponding sampling frequency point, and use the complex error as the error input of the least mean square correction algorithm.

[0059] The least mean square correction algorithm is expressed as follows: ; in, Indicates the first The launch channel is in the first Complex correction coefficients at each sampling time; Indicates the first The updated complex correction coefficients for each transmission channel; Indicates the relationship with the first Each transmit channel corresponds to a step size parameter associated with its drift branch; Represents the stability constant; Indicates the first The current excitation vector of each transmission channel at multiple sampling frequencies; express The conjugate transpose of; Indicates the first Excitation energy of each transmission channel at multiple sampling frequencies; Indicates based on the first The drift branches of each transmission channel generate prediction error vectors that need to be offset.

[0060] Step S402: Calculate the correction update amount for the corresponding transmission channel based on the current excitation signal of each transmission channel and the complex error amount.

[0061] Step S403: The correction update amount is superimposed with the current correction parameters of the corresponding transmission channel to obtain the correction parameters of the corresponding transmission channel. The correction parameters include amplitude correction parameters and phase correction parameters.

[0062] For broadband arrays, the same transmission channel exhibits different error characteristics at multiple sampling frequencies. Directly using a single scalar error for correction can easily lead to the loss of differences between frequency points. Therefore, in step S401, the prediction error of each transmission channel is converted into a complex error quantity at the corresponding sampling frequency. This complex error quantity can be represented by both amplitude and phase error components. For example, amplitude deviation corresponds to changes in the complex modulus, and phase deviation corresponds to changes in the complex phase angle, thus forming a prediction error vector that corresponds one-to-one with multiple sampling frequencies. This prediction error vector serves as the error input for the least mean square correction algorithm, used for subsequent calculation of the correction update amount for the corresponding transmission channel.

[0063] For the i-th transmission channel, at the n-th sampling time, the least mean square correction algorithm updates using a branch-related step size. The current excitation vector in the formula consists of the current excitation signal of the transmission channel at multiple sampling frequencies, and the prediction error vector comes from the prediction error that needs to be canceled generated in step S300. The drift branch has already been determined in step S300, so the step size parameter associated with the drift branch can be directly selected according to the drift branch. For example, a transmission channel belonging to the frequency bending branch can use a smaller step size to avoid local frequency band correction overshoot; a transmission channel belonging to the thermal drift branch can use a step size that matches the continuous drift change; and a transmission channel belonging to the normal drift branch can use a preset normal step size. The above step size settings do not change the basic update structure of the least mean square correction algorithm, but only keep the update process under different drift branches consistent with the aforementioned prediction error sources.

[0064] In step S402, the correction update amount for each transmission channel is calculated based on the current excitation signal and complex error of each transmission channel. The current excitation signal reflects the actual transmission state of the transmission channel at the current sampling time, and the complex error reflects the error direction that needs to be canceled at the next sampling time or within a local frequency band. By incorporating normalized excitation energy into the calculation, the correction update amount can be avoided from being too large or too small due to differences in excitation amplitude between different channels. A stability constant is used to keep the denominator stable when the excitation energy is low, preventing abnormal amplification of the update amount. This process is consistent with engineering scenarios where multiple frequency excitations participate in correction simultaneously in broadband arrays.

[0065] In step S403, the calculated correction update amount is superimposed with the current correction parameters of the corresponding transmission channel to obtain the updated correction parameters for the corresponding transmission channel. The correction parameters can be represented by complex correction coefficients, with their magnitudes used to determine the amplitude correction parameters and their phase angles used to determine the phase correction parameters. The updated correction parameters correspond one-to-one with the transmission channels and are used in step S500 to adjust the excitation signal of the corresponding transmission channel.

[0066] Specifically, step S500 includes the following steps: Step S501: Decompose the correction parameters of each transmission channel into amplitude correction and phase correction.

[0067] Step S502: Correct the excitation amplitude of the corresponding transmission channel based on the amplitude correction amount, and correct the excitation phase of the corresponding transmission channel based on the phase correction amount, to obtain the updated excitation signal of the corresponding transmission channel.

[0068] Step S503: Load the updated excitation signal of each transmission channel into the transmission link of the broadband array, and obtain the amplitude and phase sampling information of each transmission channel in the next sampling process, so as to continue to perform amplitude and phase consistency correction based on the amplitude and phase sampling information.

[0069] Since the correction parameters obtained in step S400 can be represented by complex correction coefficients, in step S501, these complex correction coefficients can be decomposed into amplitude correction and phase correction. Specifically, the magnitude of the complex correction coefficient corresponds to the amplitude correction relationship, and the phase angle of the complex correction coefficient corresponds to the phase correction relationship. For broadband arrays using digital beamforming, the decomposition process can be completed in the baseband or intermediate frequency digital processing unit; for arrays using analog phase shifting and variable gain control, the amplitude correction and phase correction can be further converted into variable gain control words and phase shifter control words.

[0070] In step S502, the excitation amplitude of the corresponding transmit channel is corrected based on the amplitude correction amount, and the excitation phase of the corresponding transmit channel is corrected based on the phase correction amount, resulting in an updated excitation signal. For example, when the prediction error of a certain transmit channel indicates that its amplitude is too high and its phase is ahead, the corresponding amplitude correction amount can be used to reduce the excitation amplitude of that transmit channel, and the corresponding phase correction amount can be used to reduce the excitation phase of that transmit channel. For multi-frequency correction scenarios, the updated excitation signal can be represented as a set of excitation coefficients corresponding to the sampling frequency, or it can be represented as an amplitude and phase correction curve covering the operating bandwidth. The specific form used can be determined according to the implementation method of the digital predistortion unit, phase control unit, or beamforming unit in the transmit link.

[0071] In step S503, the updated excitation signals of each transmission channel are loaded into the transmission link of the broadband array, so that the updated excitation amplitude and phase participate in the next broadband transmission. The loading location can be located in the digital baseband, digital intermediate frequency, vector modulator, or channel-level amplitude and phase control unit. The next sampling process again acquires the amplitude and phase sampling information of each transmission channel, and continues to perform amplitude and phase consistency correction according to steps S100 to S500. In this way, the correction parameters formed in the previous sampling period can enter the actual transmission link, and the corrected channel state can be sampled and verified in the next sampling period, forming a closed-loop correction path in the continuous transmission process.

[0072] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a structural block diagram of an embodiment of the broadband array amplitude and phase consistency correction system of the present invention.

[0073] like Figure 3 As shown, the broadband array amplitude-phase consistency correction system proposed in this embodiment of the invention includes: The acquisition unit is used to acquire amplitude and phase sampling information of each transmission channel in the broadband array at multiple sampling frequency points, and to determine the amplitude and phase error of each transmission channel relative to the reference state based on the amplitude and phase sampling information. The processing unit is used to construct the drift trajectory of each transmission channel based on the amplitude and phase error changes during continuous sampling; wherein the drift trajectory is used to characterize the evolution relationship of the amplitude and phase error of the corresponding transmission channel with the transmission state. The prediction unit is used to identify branches of the drift trajectory of each transmission channel, determine the drift branches corresponding to each transmission channel, and generate the prediction error corresponding to each transmission channel based on the drift branches. The correction unit is used to input the prediction error of each transmission channel into the minimum mean square correction algorithm to calculate the correction parameters for each transmission channel. The adjustment unit is used to adjust the excitation signal of the corresponding transmission channel based on the correction parameters of each transmission channel.

[0074] Other embodiments or specific implementations of the broadband array amplitude-phase consistency correction system of the present invention can be referred to the above-described method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0075] It is understood that in the description of this specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "another embodiment," "other embodiments," or "first embodiment to Nth embodiment," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0076] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or system that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or system. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or system that includes that element.

[0077] The sequence numbers of the above embodiments of the present invention are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments.

[0078] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms. Of course, they can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk) as described above, and includes several instructions to cause a terminal device (which may be a mobile phone, computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention.

[0079] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the scope of the patent. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the description and drawings of the present invention, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for amplitude and phase consistency correction of a broadband array, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The amplitude and phase sampling information of each transmission channel in the broadband array at multiple sampling frequency points is obtained, and the amplitude and phase error of each transmission channel relative to the reference state is determined based on the amplitude and phase sampling information. Based on the amplitude and phase error changes of each transmission channel during continuous sampling, a drift trajectory corresponding to each transmission channel is constructed; wherein, the drift trajectory is used to characterize the evolution relationship of the amplitude and phase error of the corresponding transmission channel with the transmission state. Branch identification is performed on the drift trajectory of each transmission channel to determine the drift branch corresponding to each transmission channel, and the prediction error corresponding to each transmission channel is generated based on the drift branch; The prediction error of each transmission channel is input into the least mean square correction algorithm to calculate the correction parameters for each transmission channel. The excitation signal of the corresponding transmission channel is adjusted based on the correction parameters of each transmission channel.

2. The broadband array amplitude and phase consistency correction method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Acquire amplitude and phase sampling information of each transmit channel in the broadband array at multiple sampling frequency points, and determine the amplitude and phase error of each transmit channel relative to the reference state based on the amplitude and phase sampling information, including: When the broadband array is in a preset transmission state, select multiple sampling frequency points covering the working bandwidth and obtain the sampling signals of each transmission channel at each sampling frequency point; The sampled signal is synchronously demodulated to obtain the amplitude and phase sampled values ​​of each transmission channel at each sampling frequency point; Based on the reference amplitude and reference phase values ​​at the same sampling frequency, the difference between the amplitude sampling values ​​and the phase sampling values ​​is calculated to obtain the amplitude error and phase error of each transmission channel relative to the reference state.

3. The broadband array amplitude and phase consistency correction method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the amplitude and phase error changes of each transmission channel during continuous sampling, the drift trajectory corresponding to each transmission channel is constructed, including: According to the sampling time sequence, the amplitude error and phase error of the same transmission channel at each sampling frequency point are arranged to form the error timing sequence of the corresponding transmission channel; Based on the error change between adjacent sampling times, the direction of error change for the corresponding transmission channel at each sampling frequency is determined. The error timing is correlated with the error change direction to generate the drift trajectory of the corresponding transmission channel.

4. The broadband array amplitude and phase consistency correction method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, According to the sampling time sequence, the amplitude error and phase error of the same transmission channel at each sampling frequency point are arranged to form the error timing sequence of the corresponding transmission channel, including: Using a single broadband transmission frame as a timing unit, the amplitude error and phase error corresponding to each sampling frequency point of the same transmission channel within the broadband transmission frame are obtained; Based on the sampling time of the preset reference frequency point within the broadband transmission frame, time alignment processing is performed on the amplitude error and phase error of the other sampling frequency points to obtain the alignment error group within the same broadband transmission frame. The alignment error groups are arranged in the order of consecutive broadband transmission frames to form the error timing sequence of the corresponding transmission channel.

5. The broadband array amplitude and phase consistency correction method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Branch identification is performed on the drift trajectories of each launch channel to determine the drift branches corresponding to each launch channel, including: Based on the drift trajectory of each transmission channel, the frequency point error change relationship and the time adjacent error change relationship of the same transmission channel in the continuous sampling process are extracted respectively. When the frequency error variation relationship indicates that the same transmission channel exhibits phase error bending at some sampling frequency points, the corresponding transmission channel is identified as a frequency bending branch. When the time-adjacent error change relationship indicates that the amplitude and phase error of the same transmission channel accumulates unidirectionally with the continuous transmission process, the corresponding transmission channel is identified as the thermal drift branch; When neither the frequency point error change relationship nor the time adjacent error change relationship meets the corresponding branch determination condition, the corresponding transmission channel is determined as a normal drift branch.

6. The broadband array amplitude and phase consistency correction method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The prediction error for each transmission channel is generated based on the drift branch, including: When the transmission channel belongs to the frequency bending branch, the local frequency band corresponding to the transmission channel is determined based on the phase error bending position in the corresponding drift trajectory, and the prediction error of the transmission channel in the local frequency band is generated according to the amplitude and phase error change of adjacent sampling frequency points in the local frequency band. When the transmission channel belongs to the thermal drift branch, based on the direction of amplitude and phase error change at consecutive sampling times in the corresponding drift trajectory, the amplitude and phase error at the current sampling time is extended to generate the prediction error of the transmission channel at the next sampling time. When the transmission channel belongs to the normal drift branch, the prediction error of the transmission channel is generated based on the amplitude and phase error at the current sampling time in the corresponding drift trajectory.

7. The broadband array amplitude and phase consistency correction method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The prediction error of each transmission channel is input into the least mean square correction algorithm to calculate the correction parameters for each transmission channel, including: The prediction error of each transmission channel is converted into a complex error at the corresponding sampling frequency, and the complex error is used as the error input of the least mean square correction algorithm. Based on the current excitation signal of each transmission channel and the complex error, calculate the correction update amount for the corresponding transmission channel; The correction update amount is superimposed with the current correction parameters of the corresponding transmission channel to obtain the correction parameters of the corresponding transmission channel. The correction parameters include amplitude correction parameters and phase correction parameters.

8. The broadband array amplitude and phase consistency correction method as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The least mean square correction algorithm is expressed as follows: ； in, Indicates the first The launch channel is in the first Complex correction coefficients at each sampling time; Indicates the first The updated complex correction coefficients for each transmission channel; Indicates the relationship with the first Each transmit channel corresponds to a step size parameter associated with its drift branch; Represents the stability constant; Indicates the first The current excitation vector of each transmission channel at multiple sampling frequencies; express The conjugate transpose of; Indicates the first Excitation energy of each transmission channel at multiple sampling frequencies; Indicates based on the first The drift branches of each transmission channel generate prediction error vectors that need to be offset.

9. The broadband array amplitude and phase consistency correction method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Adjusting the excitation signal of the corresponding transmission channel based on the correction parameters of each transmission channel includes: The correction parameters for each transmission channel are decomposed into amplitude correction and phase correction. The excitation amplitude of the corresponding transmission channel is corrected based on the amplitude correction amount, and the excitation phase of the corresponding transmission channel is corrected based on the phase correction amount, so as to obtain the updated excitation signal of the corresponding transmission channel. The updated excitation signals of each transmission channel are loaded into the transmission link of the broadband array, and the amplitude and phase sampling information of each transmission channel is obtained in the next sampling process, so as to continue to perform amplitude and phase consistency correction based on the amplitude and phase sampling information.

10. A broadband array amplitude and phase consistency correction system, characterized in that, The system includes: The acquisition unit is used to acquire amplitude and phase sampling information of each transmission channel in the broadband array at multiple sampling frequency points, and to determine the amplitude and phase error of each transmission channel relative to the reference state based on the amplitude and phase sampling information. The processing unit is used to construct the drift trajectory of each transmission channel based on the amplitude and phase error changes during continuous sampling; wherein the drift trajectory is used to characterize the evolution relationship of the amplitude and phase error of the corresponding transmission channel with the transmission state. The prediction unit is used to identify branches of the drift trajectory of each transmission channel, determine the drift branches corresponding to each transmission channel, and generate the prediction error corresponding to each transmission channel based on the drift branches. The correction unit is used to input the prediction error of each transmission channel into the minimum mean square correction algorithm to calculate the correction parameters for each transmission channel. The adjustment unit is used to adjust the excitation signal of the corresponding transmission channel based on the correction parameters of each transmission channel.

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