Method and receiving method for repeated transmission using multiple transmit antennas

Abstract

The application provides a method and a receiving method for repeated transmission by using multiple transmitting antennas, wherein the method comprises: obtaining a code symbol sequence after channel coding and modulation; converting the code symbol sequence into a precoding matrix of an orthogonal space-time block code based on repeated transmission by using the orthogonal space-time block code; and transmitting the precoding matrix by using 2N transmitting antennas, wherein N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1. The above scheme can achieve the technical effect of improving the coverage with lower processing complexity under the condition of the same throughput reduction cost as the existing repeated transmission method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of communication network technology, and in particular relates to a method and a receiving method for repeated transmission using multiple transmitting antennas. Background Technology

[0002] The standardization process of 3GPP 5G NTN (Non-Terrestrial Network) involves coverage enhancement of satellite-to-ground links, including uplink coverage enhancement discussed in Rel-18 and downlink coverage enhancement discussed in Rel-19. However, with existing technologies, the link budget still cannot reach an ideal level for the transmission of certain channels or reference signals. Existing methods for achieving NTN coverage enhancement through signal processing mainly reuse methods used in terrestrial networks for coverage enhancement. For example, these methods may include: repeated transmission, increasing the proportion of error correction bits in the channel coding output, distributing a PUSCH (Physical Uplink Shared Channel) transport block across multiple available time slots to obtain higher channel coding gain, and jointly utilizing DMRS (Demodulation Reference Signal) from multiple time slots during repeated transmission to enhance the accuracy of channel estimation.

[0003] Therefore, it is evident that the existing signal processing techniques used to enhance NTN coverage all require sacrificing information transmission rate in exchange for improved error performance. In other words, they all require a decrease in throughput / capacity to achieve increased coverage.

[0004] There is currently no effective solution for how to significantly improve coverage capabilities through signal processing techniques while incurring the same decrease in throughput. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a method for repeated transmission using multiple transmitting antennas and a receiving method that can achieve greater coverage with lower processing complexity while incurring the same throughput reduction cost as existing repeated transmission methods.

[0006] The method for repeated transmission using multiple transmitting antennas and the receiving method provided in this application are implemented as follows:

[0007] A method for repeated transmission using multiple transmitting antennas, applied to a transmitter, the method comprising:

[0008] Obtain the channel-coded and modulated code symbol sequence (c1, c2, ..., c K), where K represents the number of code symbols in the code symbol sequence, and K is a positive integer;

[0009] Using orthogonal space-time block codes, the code symbol sequence (c1, c2, ..., c...) is... K The precoding matrix is ​​converted into an orthogonal space-time block code based on repeated transmissions.

[0010] The precoding matrix is ​​transmitted using 2N transmit antennas, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0011] A data receiving method, applied to a receiver, wherein the transmission is repeated twice, the method includes:

[0012] Receive the precoding matrix of orthogonal space-time block codes based on repeated transmissions;

[0013] In a space-time domain signal processing scenario, for each target code symbol, the corresponding received signal is obtained at two consecutive symbol times. For the received signals at the two consecutive symbol times, two decision variables for the same target code symbol are calculated based on the symbol-level maximum likelihood decision algorithm of orthogonal space-time block codes. Alternatively, in a space-frequency domain signal processing scenario, for each target code symbol, the corresponding received signal is obtained on two consecutive subcarriers. For the received signals on the two consecutive subcarriers, two decision variables for the same target code symbol are calculated based on the symbol-level maximum likelihood decision algorithm of orthogonal space-time block codes.

[0014] The two decision variables targeting the same target code symbol are added and merged to obtain the target decision variable corresponding to the target code symbol.

[0015] A data receiving method, applied to a receiver, wherein the number of repeated transmissions is 2q times, where q is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, the method includes:

[0016] Receive the precoding matrix of orthogonal space-time block codes based on repeated transmissions;

[0017] In a space-time domain signal processing scenario, for each target code symbol, the corresponding received signal is obtained at q sets of symbol times, where each set of symbol times contains two consecutive symbol times. For the two received signals obtained at each of the q sets of symbol times, two decision variables for the same target code symbol are calculated based on the symbol-level maximum likelihood decision algorithm of orthogonal space-time block codes, and these two decision variables are added and combined to obtain q initial combined decision variables corresponding to the same target code symbol. Alternatively, in a space-frequency domain signal processing scenario, for each target code symbol, the corresponding received signal is obtained on q sets of subcarriers, where each set of subcarriers contains two consecutive subcarriers. For the two received signals obtained on each of the q sets of subcarriers, two decision variables for the same target code symbol are calculated based on the symbol-level maximum likelihood decision algorithm of orthogonal space-time block codes, and these two decision variables are added and combined to obtain q initial combined decision variables corresponding to the same target code symbol.

[0018] The q initial merge decision variables corresponding to the same target code symbol are added together to obtain the target decision variable corresponding to the target code symbol.

[0019] A method for repeated transmission using multiple transmitting antennas, applied to a transmitter, the method comprising:

[0020] Obtain the channel-coded and modulated code symbol sequence (c1, c2, ..., c K ), where K represents the number of code symbols in the code symbol sequence, and K is a positive integer;

[0021] When K is even, the code symbol sequence is converted into a code symbol sequence (s1, s2, ..., s...). L ), where L = K and s i =c i (i = 1, ..., L); or, when K is odd, add an extra symbol with a value of zero to the end of the code symbol sequence to obtain the code symbol sequence (s1, s2, ..., s...). L ), where L=K+1, s i =c i (i = 1, ..., L-1), s L =0;

[0022] Using orthogonal space-time block codes, the code symbol sequence (s1, s2, ..., s...) is... L Each 2N symbols in the code is converted into a precoding matrix for orthogonal space-time block codes;

[0023] The precoding matrix is ​​repeatedly transmitted at a matrix granularity using 2N transmit antennas, and at least one additional bit of control information is transmitted, wherein the at least one bit of control information is used to indicate whether the currently transmitted code symbol sequence has been padded with zeros at the end.

[0024] A data receiving method, applied to a receiver, wherein the number of repeated transmissions is p, where p is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, the method includes:

[0025] Receive the precoding matrix of orthogonal space-time block codes based on repeated transmissions, wherein the precoding matrix of the orthogonal space-time block codes is obtained by using the orthogonal space-time block codes to encode the code symbol sequence (s1, s2, ..., s...). L This is obtained by converting every 2N symbols in the original text.

[0026] In a space-time domain signal processing scenario, for every two target code symbols, the corresponding received signals are obtained at p sets of symbol times, where each set of symbol times contains two consecutive symbol times. For the two received signals obtained at each of the p sets of symbol times, two initial decision variables are calculated based on the symbol-level maximum likelihood decision algorithm of orthogonal space-time block codes, each for each of the two target code symbols. Based on the corresponding p sets of received signals obtained at the p sets of symbol times, p initial decision variables for each of the two target code symbols are obtained. Alternatively, in a signal processing scenario in the spatial frequency domain, for every two target code symbols, corresponding received signals are obtained on p groups of subcarriers, where each group of subcarriers contains two consecutive subcarriers. For the two received signals obtained on each group of subcarriers in the p groups of subcarriers, two initial decision variables for each of the two target code symbols are calculated based on the symbol-level maximum likelihood decision algorithm of orthogonal space-time block codes. Based on the corresponding p groups of received signals obtained on the p groups of subcarriers, p initial decision variables for each of the two target code symbols are obtained.

[0027] For each of the two target code symbols, the p initial decision variables are added and merged to obtain the corresponding target decision variable;

[0028] Based on the code symbol sequence (s1, s2, ..., s...) L After the target decision variable of each symbol in the code symbol sequence (s1, s2, ..., s) has been decided and the decision result has been obtained, a decision is made on whether to release the code symbol sequence (s1, s2, ..., s) based on the received result of at least one bit of control information. L Remove the last symbol from the judgment result.

[0029] A transmitter, comprising:

[0030] The acquisition module is used to acquire the channel-coded and modulated code symbol sequence (c1, c2, ..., c...). K ), where K represents the number of code symbols in the code symbol sequence;

[0031] The conversion module is used to convert the code symbol sequence (c1, c2, ..., c) into a code symbol sequence using orthogonal space-time block codes. K The precoding matrix is ​​converted into an orthogonal space-time block code based on repeated transmissions.

[0032] The transmitting module is used to transmit the precoding matrix using 2N transmitting antennas, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0033] A receiver, comprising:

[0034] The first receiving module is used to receive the precoding matrix of the orthogonal space-time block code based on repeated transmissions when the number of repeated transmissions is 2.

[0035] The first calculation module is used in a signal processing scenario in the space-time domain to obtain the corresponding received signal for each target code symbol at two consecutive symbol times, and to calculate two decision variables for the same target code symbol based on the symbol-level maximum likelihood decision algorithm of orthogonal space-time block codes for the received signal at the two consecutive symbol times; or, the second calculation module is used in a signal processing scenario in the space-frequency domain to obtain the corresponding received signal for each target code symbol on two consecutive subcarriers, and to calculate two decision variables for the same target code symbol based on the symbol-level maximum likelihood decision algorithm of orthogonal space-time block codes for the received signal at the two consecutive subcarriers.

[0036] The first merging module is used to add and merge the two decision variables for the same target code symbol to obtain the target decision variable corresponding to the target code symbol.

[0037] A receiver, comprising:

[0038] The second receiving module is used to receive the precoding matrix of the orthogonal space-time block code based on repeated transmissions when the number of repeated transmissions is 2q, where q is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.

[0039] The third calculation module is used in the space-time domain signal processing scenario to obtain the corresponding received signal for each target code symbol at q groups of symbol times, where each group of symbol times contains two consecutive symbol times. For the received signals of the two consecutive symbol times contained in each group of symbol times in the q groups of symbol times, two decision variables for the same target code symbol are calculated based on the symbol-level maximum likelihood decision algorithm of orthogonal space-time block codes, and the two decision variables are added and merged to obtain q initial merged decision variables corresponding to the same target code symbol; or, the fourth calculation module is used in the space-frequency domain signal processing scenario to obtain the corresponding received signal on q groups of subcarriers for each target code symbol, where each group of subcarriers contains two consecutive subcarriers. For the received signals on the two consecutive subcarriers contained in each group of subcarriers in the q groups of subcarriers, two decision variables for the same target code symbol are calculated based on the symbol-level maximum likelihood decision algorithm of orthogonal space-time block codes, and the two decision variables are added and merged to obtain q initial merged decision variables corresponding to the same target code symbol;

[0040] The second merging module is used to add and merge the q initial merging decision variables corresponding to the same target code symbol to obtain the target decision variable corresponding to the target code symbol.

[0041] A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program / instructions stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the above-described method.

[0042] The method provided in this application, which utilizes multiple transmit antennas for repeated transmission, involves a transmitter acquiring the channel coding and modulated code symbol sequence number. Then, using orthogonal space-time block codes, the code symbol sequence is converted into a precoding matrix based on repeated transmission of orthogonal space-time block codes. The precoding matrix is ​​then transmitted to the receiver using 2N transmit antennas. This results in multiple repeated transmissions of each code symbol in the time domain, and in the spatial domain, each symbol is transmitted by each of the multiple transmit antennas, thus enabling transmit diversity gain. This approach achieves a significant improvement in coverage capability with lower processing complexity, while incurring the same throughput reduction cost as existing repeated transmission methods. Attached Figure Description

[0043] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0044] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of one embodiment of the method for repeated transmission using multiple transmitting antennas provided in this application;

[0045] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of an embodiment of the data receiving method provided in this application, which utilizes multiple transmitting antennas for repeated transmission.

[0046] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of another embodiment of the data receiving method provided in this application, which utilizes multiple transmitting antennas for repeated transmission.

[0047] Figure 4 This is a hardware structure block diagram of a transmitter / receiver provided in this application;

[0048] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the transmitter-side apparatus for repeated transmission using multiple transmitting antennas provided in this application;

[0049] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the receiver-side apparatus for repeated transmission using multiple transmitting antennas provided in this application;

[0050] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the receiver-side apparatus for repeated transmission using multiple transmitting antennas provided in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0051] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0052] Although the fading characteristics of satellite-to-ground radio links are predominantly Line of Sight (LOS) fading, making it difficult for multi-antenna techniques to achieve the same level of spatial multiplexing gain and / or spatial diversity gain as in terrestrial networks, the link budget on satellite-to-ground radio links is relatively tight, especially for the uplink, where the maximum transmit power of the terminal limits the budget. Therefore, it is necessary to consider how to efficiently utilize multi-antenna techniques to improve system coverage under Riesling fading channels. Since the achievable transmit diversity gain under Riesling fading channels is limited, using multi-antenna transmit diversity techniques alone cannot achieve the desired effect. Therefore, it is advisable to combine commonly used signal processing methods that can improve coverage (such as retransmission, spreading a PUSCH transport block across multiple available time slots (TBoMS)) with multi-antenna transmit diversity techniques, and further effectively improve system coverage through reasonable design. Specifically, this application considers combining orthogonal space-time block codes with retransmission.

[0053] When orthogonal space-time block codes are applied to signal processing in the space-time domain, the time-domain changes of the channel are required to be quasi-static rather than symbol-level. Similarly, when applied to signal processing in the space-frequency domain, orthogonal space-time block codes require that the frequency-domain changes of the channel are not subcarrier-level but frequency-flat rather than subcarrier-level. In NTN systems constructed by high-speed moving low-Earth orbit satellites, although there is high relative mobility between network-side communication nodes and terminals, after feasible frequency offset compensation (including spectral pre-compensation on the UE side or joint compensation on the network and UE sides), a considerable order of magnitude of Doppler frequency shift can be compensated to a negligible level. Therefore, in practical commercial NTN systems, the signal processing in the space-time domain does not need to deal with symbol-level channel time-domain changes, but only with quasi-static channel time-domain changes. Furthermore, as mentioned earlier, the wireless communication link between satellite and ground is mainly line-of-sight, resulting in fewer multipath components and thus less delay spread, which means a large coherence bandwidth. Therefore, in NTN systems, the signal processing in the space-time domain involves a flat channel frequency domain variation. In conclusion, orthogonal space-time block codes are applicable to NTN systems.

[0054] Figure 1This is a flowchart illustrating one embodiment of the method for repeated transmission using multiple transmitting antennas provided in this application. While this application provides method operation steps or apparatus structures as shown in the following embodiments or figures, more or fewer operation steps or module units may be included in the method or apparatus based on conventional or non-inventive effort. In steps or structures where there is no logically necessary causal relationship, the execution order of these steps or the module structure of the apparatus is not limited to the execution order or module structure described in the embodiments and figures of this application. When the method or module structure is applied in actual devices or terminal products, it can be executed sequentially or in parallel according to the method or module structure shown in the embodiments or figures (e.g., in a parallel processor or multi-threaded processing environment, or even a distributed processing environment).

[0055] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the above-described method of using multiple transmitting antennas for repeated transmission, when applied to the transmitter side, may include the following steps:

[0056] Step 101: Obtain the channel-coded and modulated code symbol sequence (c1, c2, ..., c...). K ), where K represents the number of code symbols in the code symbol sequence, and K is a positive integer;

[0057] In this method, the transmitter can be either a terminal or a base station. That is, the method can be applied to the uplink where the terminal acts as the transmitter, and it is also suitable for the downlink where the base station acts as the transmitter. Correspondingly, when the transmitter is the terminal, the receiver is the base station, and vice versa.

[0058] In step 101 above, the transmitter can acquire the information bit sequence to be transmitted, and then perform channel coding, modulation, and other processing on the information bit sequence to be transmitted to obtain the code symbol sequence (c1, c2, ..., c...). K ).

[0059] Step 102: Using orthogonal space-time block codes, convert the code symbol sequence (c1, c2, ..., c...) into... K The precoding matrix is ​​converted into an orthogonal space-time block code based on repeated transmissions.

[0060] The orthogonal space-time block code can be an Alamoti code, which is a full-rate (i.e., rate-1) orthogonal space-time block code when the transmitter is configured with 2Tx, where 2Tx refers to two radio frequency channels (i.e., two transmit antennas) used for transmission. Specifically, the Alamoti code can be represented as follows: If "x1 and x2" represent the input symbols of the multi-antenna signal precoding matrix corresponding to the 2Tx Alamoti code, then the multi-antenna signal precoding matrix corresponding to the 2Tx Alamoti code can be represented as follows:

[0061]

[0062] If Alamot codes are applied to signal processing in the space-time domain, for any given signal carrier / subcarrier, in the aforementioned multi-antenna signal precoding matrix, the first column represents the transmitted symbol of the first transmit antenna, the second column represents the transmitted symbol of the second transmit antenna, the first row represents the transmitted symbol at symbol time t, and the second row represents the transmitted symbol at symbol time t+1. If Alamot codes are applied to signal processing in the space-frequency domain, for any given OFDM symbol time, in the aforementioned multi-antenna signal precoding matrix, the first column represents the transmitted symbol of the first transmit antenna, the second column represents the transmitted symbol of the second transmit antenna, the first row represents the transmitted symbol on the m-th subcarrier, and the second row represents the transmitted symbol on the (m+1)-th subcarrier.

[0063] Specifically, using orthogonal space-time block codes, the code symbol sequence (c1, c2, ..., c...) is... K The core design idea of ​​a method that uses code symbols as the granularity for repeated transmission, converting x1 and x2 into a precoding matrix of orthogonal space-time block codes based on repeated transmission, is as follows: In the precoding matrix of the multi-antenna signal corresponding to the Alamoti code, let x1 and x2 both be equal to the same code symbol to be transmitted. Implementation methods may include:

[0064] 1) When N is 1 and the number of repeated transmissions is 2, for each code symbol c in the code symbol sequence... i The precoding matrix of the orthogonal space-time block code based on repeated transmission obtained by conversion can be represented as:

[0065]

[0066] The first column represents the transmitted symbols of the first transmitting antenna, and the second column represents the transmitted symbols of the second transmitting antenna. In the space-time domain signal processing scenario, the first row represents the transmitted symbols at the t-th symbol time, and the second row represents the transmitted symbols at the (t+1)-th symbol time; or, in the space-frequency domain signal processing scenario, the first row represents the transmitted symbols on the m-th subcarrier, and the second row represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+1)-th subcarrier.

[0067] 2) When N is 1 and the number of repeated transmissions is 2q, for each code symbol c in the code symbol sequence... i The precoding matrix of the orthogonal space-time block code based on repeated transmission obtained by conversion can be represented as:

[0068]

[0069] ...

[0070]

[0071] Where q is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, the first column represents the transmitted symbols of the first transmitting antenna, the second column represents the transmitted symbols of the second transmitting antenna, in the space-time domain signal processing scenario, the first row represents the transmitted symbols at the t-th symbol time, the second row represents the transmitted symbols at the (t+1)-th symbol time, the second-to-last row represents the transmitted symbols at the (t+2q-2)-th symbol time, and the last row represents the transmitted symbols at the (t+2q-1)-th symbol time; or, in the space-frequency domain signal processing scenario, the first row represents the transmitted symbols on the m-th subcarrier, the second row represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+1)-th subcarrier, the second-to-last row represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+2q-2)-th subcarrier, and the last row represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+2q-1)-th subcarrier.

[0072] 3) When N is 2 and the transmission is repeated twice, for every two code symbols c in the code symbol sequence i and c i+1 The precoding matrix of the orthogonal space-time block code based on repeated transmission obtained by conversion can be represented as:

[0073]

[0074] Wherein, the first column represents the transmitted symbols of the first transmitting antenna, the second column represents the transmitted symbols of the second transmitting antenna, the third column represents the transmitted symbols of the third transmitting antenna, and the fourth column represents the transmitted symbols of the fourth transmitting antenna. In the space-time domain signal processing scenario, the first row represents the transmitted symbols at the t-th symbol time, the second row represents the transmitted symbols at the (t+1)-th symbol time, the third row represents the transmitted symbols at the (t+2)-th symbol time, and the fourth row represents the transmitted symbols at the (t+3)-th symbol time; or, in the space-frequency domain signal processing scenario, the first row represents the transmitted symbols on the m-th subcarrier, the second row represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+1)-th subcarrier, the third row represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+2)-th subcarrier, and the fourth row represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+3)-th subcarrier.

[0075] 4) When N is 2 and the number of repeated transmissions is 2q, for every two code symbols c in the code symbol sequence i and c i+1 The precoding matrix of the orthogonal space-time block code based on repeated transmission obtained by conversion can be represented as:

[0076]

[0077] ...

[0078]

[0079] Where q is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, the first column represents the transmitted symbols of the first transmitting antenna, the second column represents the transmitted symbols of the second transmitting antenna, the third column represents the transmitted symbols of the third transmitting antenna, and the fourth column represents the transmitted symbols of the fourth transmitting antenna. In the space-time domain signal processing scenario, the first row represents the transmitted symbol at the t-th symbol time, the second row represents the transmitted symbol at the (t+1)-th symbol time, the third row represents the transmitted symbol at the (t+2)-th symbol time, the fourth row represents the transmitted symbol at the (t+3)-th symbol time, the fourth-to-last row represents the transmitted symbol at the (t+4q-4)-th symbol time, the third-to-last row represents the transmitted symbol at the (t+4q-3)-th symbol time, and the second-to-last row represents the transmitted symbol at the t-th symbol time. The transmitted symbols at time +4q-2 are represented by the last row, which represents the transmitted symbols at time t+4q-1. Alternatively, in the spatial frequency domain signal processing scenario, the first row represents the transmitted symbols on the m-th subcarrier, the second row represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+1)-th subcarrier, the third row represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+2)-th subcarrier, the fourth row represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+3)-th subcarrier, the fourth-to-last row represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+4q-4)-th subcarrier, the third-to-last row represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+4q-3)-th subcarrier, the second-to-last row represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+4q-2)-th subcarrier, and the last row represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+4q-1)-th subcarrier.

[0080] Below, several examples of the precoding matrix for the orthogonal space-time block code based on repeated transmission are given for different configurations of the number of transmit antennas, the number of repetitions, and the number of code symbols:

[0081] 1) When N is 1, the number of repetitions is 2, and the number of code symbols is 3, the precoding matrix of the orthogonal space-time block code based on repetitions can be represented as:

[0082]

[0083] In this diagram, the first column represents the transmitted symbol of the first transmitting antenna, the second column represents the transmitted symbol of the second transmitting antenna, the first row represents the transmitted symbol at the first symbol time, the second row represents the transmitted symbol at the second symbol time, the third row represents the transmitted symbol at the third symbol time, the fourth row represents the transmitted symbol at the fourth symbol time, the fifth row represents the transmitted symbol at the fifth symbol time, the sixth row represents the transmitted symbol at the sixth symbol time, c1 represents the first code symbol, c2 represents the second code symbol, and c3 represents the third code symbol.

[0084] 2) When N is 1, the number of repetitions is 4, and the number of code symbols is 2, the precoding matrix of the orthogonal space-time block code based on repetitions can be represented as:

[0085]

[0086] In this diagram, the first column represents the transmitted symbol of the first transmitting antenna, the second column represents the transmitted symbol of the second transmitting antenna, the first row represents the transmitted symbol at the first symbol time, the second row represents the transmitted symbol at the second symbol time, the third row represents the transmitted symbol at the third symbol time, the fourth row represents the transmitted symbol at the fourth symbol time, the fifth row represents the transmitted symbol at the fifth symbol time, the sixth row represents the transmitted symbol at the sixth symbol time, the seventh row represents the transmitted symbol at the seventh symbol time, the eighth row represents the transmitted symbol at the eighth symbol time, c1 represents the first code symbol, and c2 represents the second code symbol.

[0087] 3) When N is 2, the number of repetitions is 2, and the number of code symbols is 2, the precoding matrix of the orthogonal space-time block code based on repetitions can be represented as:

[0088]

[0089] In this structure, the first column represents the transmitted symbol of the first transmitting antenna, the second column represents the transmitted symbol of the second transmitting antenna, the third column represents the transmitted symbol of the third transmitting antenna, the fourth column represents the transmitted symbol of the fourth transmitting antenna, the first row represents the transmitted symbol at the first symbol time, the second row represents the transmitted symbol at the second symbol time, the third row represents the transmitted symbol at the third symbol time, the fourth row represents the transmitted symbol at the fourth symbol time, c1 represents the first code symbol, and c2 represents the second code symbol.

[0090] Step 103: Transmit the precoding matrix using 2N transmit antennas, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0091] For the receiver, the decision variables can be obtained with low processing complexity through the orthogonal precoding structure of the Alamoti code itself.

[0092] Specifically, this example also provides a data reception method based on the above-described method of repeated transmission using multiple transmitting antennas, applied to the receiver side. Note: The description in this application uses a receiver with 1Rx (i.e., a single receiving RF channel or a single receiving antenna) as an example; in practical applications, the receiver can also achieve additional receiving diversity gain by configuring multiple "RF channels (or multiple receiving antennas) for reception".

[0093] In the case of repeated transmissions of 2 times, such as Figure 2 As shown, it may include the following steps:

[0094] Step 201: The receiver receives the precoding matrix of the orthogonal space-time block code based on repeated transmission from the transmitter;

[0095] Step 202: In the space-time domain signal processing scenario, for each target code symbol, the receiver obtains the corresponding received signal at two consecutive symbol times. For the received signals at the two consecutive symbol times, two decision variables for the same target code symbol are calculated based on the symbol-level maximum likelihood decision algorithm of orthogonal space-time block codes; or,

[0096] Step 203: In the signal processing scenario of the spatial frequency domain, for each target code symbol, the receiver obtains the corresponding received signal on two consecutive subcarriers. For the received signals on the two consecutive subcarriers, two decision variables for the same target code symbol are calculated based on the symbol-level maximum likelihood decision algorithm of orthogonal space-time block codes.

[0097] Step 204: Add and merge the two decision variables for the same target code symbol to obtain the target decision variable corresponding to the target code symbol.

[0098] Considering that the space-time domain signal is repeatedly transmitted 2q (q≥1) times in the time domain, for symbol c i On the receiver side, for every two received signals, a symbol-level maximum likelihood decision algorithm based on Alamoti codes is performed to obtain c. i Two decision variables; then, these two are applied to the same symbol c. i The decision variables are simply added together to obtain the result for symbol c. i A combined decision variable is obtained; finally, the q combined decision variables are simply added together to obtain a final decision variable.

[0099] Based on this, this example also provides a data receiving method based on the above-described method of repeated transmission using multiple transmitting antennas, applied to the receiver side. When the number of repeated transmissions is 2q times, where q is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the above method may include:

[0100] Step 301: The receiver receives the precoding matrix of the orthogonal space-time block code based on repeated transmission from the transmitter;

[0101] Step 302: In the space-time domain signal processing scenario, for each target code symbol, the receiver obtains the corresponding received signal at q symbol times, where each symbol time contains two consecutive symbol times. For the two received signals obtained at each of the q symbol times, two decision variables for the same target code symbol are calculated based on the symbol-level maximum likelihood decision algorithm of orthogonal space-time block codes, and the two decision variables are added and merged to obtain q initial merged decision variables corresponding to the same target code symbol; or,

[0102] Step 303: In the signal processing scenario of the spatial frequency domain, for each target code symbol, the receiver obtains the corresponding received signal on q groups of subcarriers, where each group of subcarriers contains two consecutive subcarriers. For the two received signals obtained on each group of subcarriers in the q groups of subcarriers, the symbol-level maximum likelihood decision algorithm of the orthogonal space-time block code is used to calculate two decision variables for the same target code symbol, and these two decision variables are added and merged to obtain q initial merged decision variables corresponding to the same target code symbol.

[0103] Step 304: Add and merge the q initial merge decision variables corresponding to the same target code symbol to obtain the target decision variable corresponding to the target code symbol.

[0104] Specifically, in the space-time domain signal processing scenario, the time-domain received signal at the t-th and t+1-th symbol times can be represented as:

[0105] r (t) =c i h1+c i h2+n (t)

[0106]

[0107] Where, r (t) Let r represent the time-domain received signal at symbol t. (t+1) Let n represent the time-domain received signal at the (t+1)th symbol. (t) and n (t+1) Let h1 represent the additive white Gaussian noise sample values ​​of the receiver at the t-th and t+1-th symbol times, h2 represent the instantaneous channel coefficients from the first transmit antenna to a single receive antenna in the space-time domain, and h3 represent the instantaneous channel coefficients from the second transmit antenna to a single receive antenna in the space-time domain. i The target code symbol is represented; as the instantaneous channel coefficients in the space-time domain for a quasi-statically varying wireless fading channel in the time domain, the values ​​of h1 and h2 change frame by frame.

[0108] In the context of signal processing in the spatial frequency domain, the frequency domain received signal on the two consecutive subcarriers, the m-th and (m+1)-th subcarriers, can be represented as:

[0109] y (m) =c i g1+c i g2+z (m)

[0110]

[0111] Among them, y (m) y represents the frequency domain received signal on the m-th subcarrier. (m+1) This represents the frequency domain received signal on the (m+1)th subcarrier, z. (m) and z (m+1) Let g1 represent the additive white Gaussian noise sample values ​​of the receiver on the m-th and m+1-th subcarriers, g2 represent the instantaneous channel coefficient from the first transmit antenna to a single receive antenna in the space-frequency domain, and g2 represent the instantaneous channel coefficient from the second transmit antenna to a single receive antenna in the space-frequency domain. i The target code symbol is represented. As the instantaneous channel coefficients in the spatial frequency domain for a wireless fading channel that varies flatly in the frequency domain, the values ​​of g1 and g2 vary per subband or per RBG (Resource Block Group).

[0112] Correspondingly, in the space-time domain signal processing scenario, for the time-domain received signals at two consecutive symbol times, namely the t-th and t+1-th symbol times, the symbol-level maximum likelihood decision algorithm based on orthogonal space-time block codes can calculate the two decision variables according to the following formula:

[0113] Δ1=f1(r (t) ,r (t+1) (h1,h2)

[0114] =(h1) * r (t) +h2(r (t+1) ) *

[0115] =(|h1| 2 +|h2| 2 )c i +((h1) * n (t) +h2(n (t+1) ) * )

[0116] Δ2=f2(r (t) ,r (t+1) (h1,h2)

[0117] =(h2) * r (t) -h1(r (t+1) ) *

[0118] =(|h1| 2 +|h2| 2 )c i +((h2) * n (t) -h1(n (t+1) ) * )

[0119] Where Δ1 represents the first decision variable, Δ2 represents the second decision variable, and f1() and f2() represent the maximum likelihood decision functions. * Indicates conjugate operation;

[0120] In the spatial frequency domain signal processing scenario, for the frequency domain received signals on two consecutive subcarriers, the m-th and m+1-th subcarriers, the symbol-level maximum likelihood decision algorithm based on orthogonal space-time block codes can calculate two decision variables according to the following formula:

[0121] Δ1=f1(y (m) ,y (m+1) (g1,g2)

[0122] =(g1) * y (m) +g2(y (m+1) ) *

[0123] =(|g1| 2 +|g2| 2 )c i +((g1) * z (m) +g2(z (m+1) ) * )

[0124] Δ2=f2(y (m) ,y (m+1) (g1,g2)

[0125] =(g2) * y (m) -g1(y (m+1) ) *

[0126] =(|g1| 2 +|g2| 2 )c i +((g2) * z (m) -g1(z(m+1) ) * )

[0127] Where Δ1 represents the first decision variable, Δ2 represents the second decision variable, and f1(·) and f2(·) represent the maximum likelihood decision functions.

[0128] Based on the derivation of the above formula, it can be seen that in the signal processing scenario of the spatiotemporal domain, the transmit diversity gain can be increased from |h1| 2 +|h2| 2 The transmit diversity gain can be obtained from |g1| in the spatial frequency domain signal processing scenario; or, in the spatial frequency domain signal processing scenario, the transmit diversity gain can be obtained from |g1|. 2 +|g2| 2 Obtained from.

[0129] Below, taking a signal processing scenario in the spatiotemporal domain as an example, the analysis of the achievable transmit diversity gain is as follows: For commercial equipment, whether network-side or terminal-side, the correlation between the two RF channels used for transmission in a 2Tx transmitter is usually weak (almost uncorrelated) in RF processing. If the two wireless propagation paths from the first Tx and second Tx of the 2Tx transmitter to a single Rx are also independent (i.e., h1 and h2 are also independent), then the full transmit diversity gain can be obtained (i.e., the order of the obtained transmit diversity gain is 2). In terrestrial networks, most wireless propagation paths are NLOS paths (i.e., non-line-of-sight paths), and h1 and h2 are usually independent or nearly independent Rayleigh fading coefficients; therefore, in most cases, full or near-full transmit diversity gain can be obtained. In NTN, the fading characteristics of the wireless propagation path are predominantly Ricean fading along LOS paths (i.e., line-of-sight paths), and h1 and h2 are generally not independent and have a strong correlation; therefore, only a limited transmit diversity gain can usually be obtained.

[0130] For satellite communication systems, compared to the existing mainstream uplink coverage enhancement method of "1Tx repetitive transmission," the repetitive transmission method based on Alamoti codes proposed in this application can more efficiently improve coverage capabilities. The proposed scheme rationally and effectively combines orthogonal space-time block codes with repetitive transmission. This allows for repetitive transmission based on orthogonal space-time block codes in the "space-time domain" or "space-frequency domain" when coverage enhancement is needed, whether at the terminal side or the onboard base station side. This achieves both "limited transmit diversity gain achievable in Ricean fading channels" and "diversity gain from repetitive transmission" with lower processing complexity. In satellite communication systems, when the proportion of LOS path components in the Ricean fading channel between satellite and ground is less than 100%, the proposed scheme can achieve better bit error rate performance than the "1Tx repeated transmission" scheme while maintaining the same total transmit power and incurring the same throughput reduction cost. However, in actual commercial satellite communication systems, in many scenarios, the proportion of LOS path components in the Ricean fading channel between satellite and ground is less than 100%.

[0131] The above method will be described below with reference to a specific embodiment. However, it should be noted that this specific embodiment is only for better illustration of this application and does not constitute an improper limitation of this application.

[0132] In this example, for satellite communication systems (including low-Earth orbit satellite communication systems), the terminal acts as a transmitter, using 2Tx to transmit orthogonal space-time block codes based on repeated transmissions in the uplink. The following section uses space-time domain signal processing as an example to introduce the specific design of the terminal in transmitting signal processing.

[0133] For each channel, the coded and modulated output code symbol c i (i = 1, 2, ...), taking a repeated transmission of 2 times as an example: for each i (i ∈ {1, 2, ...}), use 2Tx to transfer c i The method for repeated transmission is as follows: using Alamoti code, and as described above... Figure 1 In the multi-antenna signal precoding matrix corresponding to the Alamoti code described in step 102, let x1 and x2 both equal to c. i Specifically, taking the transmission of three code symbols c1, c2, and c3 by a 2Tx terminal as an example, the corresponding Alamoti code precoding matrix based on repeated transmission can be represented as:

[0134]

[0135] As can be seen, the above transmission method completes c in the space-time dimension. iRepeated transmission of (i = 1, 2, ...). In the time domain, only one symbol is transmitted between two consecutive symbol moments, meaning each symbol is transmitted twice. Meanwhile, in the spatial domain, each symbol is transmitted by each of the two Txes, thus enabling transmit diversity gain in the spatial domain. Of course, the transmit power on each Tx is halved compared to a terminal configured with only 1 Tx.

[0136] Furthermore, on the satellite-based base station side, which acts as the receiver, the orthogonal precoding structure of the Alamoti code itself can be used to obtain c with relatively low processing complexity. i The decision variable.

[0137] Therefore, the coverage enhancement scheme proposed in this application, as presented in this embodiment, can achieve both "limited transmit diversity gain achievable in Ricean fading channels" and "diversity gain in another dimension due to repeated transmissions" with low processing complexity. Regarding the aforementioned spatiotemporal signal transmission processing, the other dimension of diversity gain brought about by repeated transmissions is time diversity gain.

[0138] Taking the transmission of three code symbols c1, c2, and c3 by a 2Tx terminal with four repetitions as an example, the corresponding Alamoti code precoding matrix based on repetitions can be represented as:

[0139]

[0140] In the implementation, the above description uses two transmitting antennas as an example, that is, a 2Tx example. Below, still using the terminal as the transmitter and taking spatiotemporal signal processing as an example, an embodiment of a 4Tx terminal using the coverage enhancement scheme proposed in this application will be described. Specifically, taking the transmission of two code symbols c1 and c2 by the 4Tx terminal with two repetitions as an example, the corresponding Alamoti code precoding matrix based on repetitions can be expressed as:

[0141]

[0142] In this application, it is considered that the original Aramati code matrix can also be repeatedly transmitted at the matrix level. If the transmission is repeated at the matrix level, the number of symbols in the symbol sequence used as input for Aramati code encoding must be even. If the actual number of symbols is odd, zeros need to be padded at the end of the symbol sequence. Then, the last actual symbol and the padded zero symbol are used to construct a basic Aramati code matrix, and then the transmission is repeated at the matrix level. To identify whether zero padding has been performed, in this example, the transmitter can transmit at least one additional bit to indicate to the receiver whether the current symbol sequence has been padded with zeros. The receiver can then determine whether to remove the padded zero based on this indicator bit; this will increase the system's control overhead. Furthermore, when p-times of repetitive transmission are performed at the matrix granularity, each symbol can only be demodulated after the receiver has received 2p signal transmissions. In contrast, for the aforementioned method of repetitive transmission based on orthogonal space-time block codes at the code symbol granularity, when p-times of repetitive transmission are performed, each symbol can be demodulated after the receiver has received p signal transmissions.

[0143] Based on the above-mentioned method of repeating transmission at the matrix level, this application provides another method for repeating transmission using multiple transmitting antennas, including the following steps:

[0144] S1: The transmitter acquires the channel-coded and modulated code symbol sequence (c1, c2, ..., c...). K ), where K represents the number of code symbols in the code symbol sequence;

[0145] S2: When K is even, convert the code symbol sequence into a code symbol sequence (s1, s2, ..., s...). L ), where L = K and s i =c i (i = 1, ..., L); when K is odd, an additional symbol with a value of zero is added to the end of the code symbol sequence to obtain the code symbol sequence (s1, s2, ..., s...). L ), where L=K+1, s i =c i (i = 1, ..., L-1), s L =0;

[0146] S3: Using orthogonal space-time block codes, the code symbol sequence (s1, s2, ..., s...) is... L Each 2N symbols in the code is converted into a precoding matrix for orthogonal space-time block codes;

[0147] S4: The precoding matrix is ​​repeatedly transmitted to the receiver at the matrix granularity using 2N transmit antennas, and at least 1 bit of control information is additionally transmitted, wherein the at least 1 bit of control information is used to indicate whether the code symbol sequence currently transmitted by the receiver has been padded with zeros at the end.

[0148] Specifically, repeatedly transmitting the precoding matrix to the receiver at the matrix granularity using 2N transmit antennas may include:

[0149] 1) When N is 1, the number of repeated transmissions is p, and p is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, for the code symbol sequence (s1, s2, ..., s... L Each pair of code symbols s in ) i and s i+1 The matrix transmitted during repeated transmissions at the matrix granularity can be represented as:

[0150]

[0151] Wherein, the first column represents the transmitted symbols of the first transmitting antenna, the second column represents the transmitted symbols of the second transmitting antenna, in the space-time domain signal processing scenario, the first row represents the transmitted symbols at the t-th symbol time, the second row represents the transmitted symbols at the (t+1)-th symbol time, the second-to-last row represents the transmitted symbols at the (t+2p-2)-th symbol time, and the last row represents the transmitted symbols at the (t+2p-1)-th symbol time; or, in the space-frequency domain signal processing scenario, the first row represents the transmitted symbols on the m-th subcarrier, the second row represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+1)-th subcarrier, the second-to-last row represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+2p-2)-th subcarrier, and the last row represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+2p-1)-th subcarrier;

[0152] 2) When N is 2, the number of repeated transmissions is p, and p is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, for the code symbol sequence (s1, s2, ..., s... L Each of the four code symbols s in ) i s i+1 s i+2 s i+3 The matrix transmitted during repeated transmissions at the matrix granularity can be represented as:

[0153]

[0154] In this diagram, the first column represents the transmitted symbols from the first transmitting antenna, the second column represents the transmitted symbols from the second transmitting antenna, the third column represents the transmitted symbols from the third transmitting antenna, and the fourth column represents the transmitted symbols from the fourth transmitting antenna. In the spatiotemporal signal processing scenario, the first row represents the transmitted symbol at time t, the second row represents the transmitted symbol at time t+1, the third row represents the transmitted symbol at time t+2, the fourth row represents the transmitted symbol at time t+3, the fourth-to-last row represents the transmitted symbol at time t+4p-4, the third-to-last row represents the transmitted symbol at time t+4p-3, and the second-to-last row represents the transmitted symbol at time t+4p-2. The transmitted symbols at symbol time are represented in the last row, which represents the transmitted symbols at symbol time t+4p-1; or, in the spatial frequency domain signal processing scenario, the first row represents the transmitted symbols on the m-th subcarrier, the second row represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+1)-th subcarrier, the third row represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+2)-th subcarrier, the fourth row represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+3)-th subcarrier, the fourth row from the end represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+4p-4)-th subcarrier, the third row from the end represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+4p-3)-th subcarrier, the second row from the end represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+4p-2)-th subcarrier, and the last row represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+4p-1)-th subcarrier.

[0155] For the receiver, receiving data, when the number of repeated transmissions is p, where p is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, can include the following steps:

[0156] S1: The receiver receives the precoding matrix of the orthogonal space-time block code based on repeated transmission from the transmitter. The precoding matrix of the orthogonal space-time block code is obtained by the transmitter using the orthogonal space-time block code to generate the code symbol sequence (s1, s2, ..., s...). L This is obtained by converting every 2N symbols in the original text.

[0157] S2: In a space-time domain signal processing scenario, for every two target code symbols, the receiver obtains the corresponding received signal at p groups of symbol times, where each group of symbol times contains two consecutive symbol times. For the two received signals obtained at each of the p groups of symbol times, two initial decision variables are calculated based on the symbol-level maximum likelihood decision algorithm of orthogonal space-time block codes, each for each of the two target code symbols. Based on the corresponding p groups of received signals obtained at the p groups of symbol times, p initial decision variables are obtained for each of the two target code symbols; or,

[0158] S3: In the signal processing scenario in the spatial frequency domain, for every two target code symbols, the receiver obtains the corresponding received signals on p groups of subcarriers, where each group of subcarriers contains two consecutive subcarriers. For the two received signals obtained on each group of subcarriers in the p groups of subcarriers, two initial decision variables for each of the two target code symbols are calculated based on the symbol-level maximum likelihood decision algorithm of orthogonal space-time block codes. Based on the corresponding p groups of received signals obtained on the p groups of subcarriers, p initial decision variables for each of the two target code symbols are obtained.

[0159] S4: For each of the two target code symbols, the p initial decision variables are added and merged to obtain the corresponding target decision variable;

[0160] S5: Based on the code symbol sequence (s1, s2, ..., s...), L After the target decision variable of each symbol in the code symbol sequence (s1, s2, ..., s) has been decided and the decision result has been obtained, a decision is made on whether to release the code symbol sequence (s1, s2, ..., s) based on the received result of at least one bit of control information. L Remove the last symbol from the judgment result.

[0161] In the example above, the original Alamoti code matrix is ​​repeatedly transmitted at the matrix level. When the actual number of symbols is odd, zeros are padded at the end of the symbol sequence. This results in a basic Alamoti code matrix being constructed from the last actual symbol and the padded zero. This matrix is ​​then repeatedly transmitted at the matrix level. To allow the receiver to effectively identify whether zeros have been padded, the transmitter transmits at least one additional bit of control information, thus effectively enabling the repeated transmission of the original Alamoti code matrix at the matrix level.

[0162] The methods and embodiments provided in the above-described embodiments of this application can be executed in non-terrestrial networks. Taking operation on a transmitter / receiver as an example, Figure 4 This is a hardware structure block diagram of a transmitter / receiver provided in this application. Figure 4 As shown, the transmitter / receiver 410 may include one or more (only one is shown in the figure) processors 402 (processors 402 may include, but are not limited to, processing devices such as microprocessors (MCUs) or programmable logic devices (FPGAs), a memory 404 for storing data, and a transmission module 406 for communication functions. Those skilled in the art will understand that... Figure 4 The structure shown is for illustrative purposes only and does not limit the structure of the electronic device described above. For example, the transmitter / receiver 410 may also include... Figure 4 The more or fewer components shown, or having the same Figure 4 The different configurations shown.

[0163] The memory 404 can be used to store software programs and modules of application software, such as the program instructions / modules corresponding to the method of repeated transmission using multiple transmitting antennas in this embodiment of the application. The processor 402 executes various functional applications and data processing by running the software programs and modules stored in the memory 404, thereby implementing the above-mentioned method of repeated transmission using multiple transmitting antennas. The memory 404 may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic storage devices, flash memory, or other non-volatile solid-state memory. In some instances, the memory 404 may further include memory remotely located relative to the processor 402, and these remote memories can be connected to the non-terrestrial network terminal 410 via a network. Examples of the above-mentioned networks include, but are not limited to, the Internet, corporate intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.

[0164] The transmission module 406 is used to receive or send data via a network. Specific examples of the network described above may include a wireless network provided by the communication provider of the transmitter / receiver 410. In one example, the transmission module 406 includes a Network Interface Controller (NIC), which can connect to other network devices via a base station to communicate with the Internet. In another example, the transmission module 406 may be a Radio Frequency (RF) module, used for wireless communication with the Internet.

[0165] At the software level, for the transmitter, a device is provided that utilizes multiple transmitting antennas for repeated transmission, which can, for example... Figure 5 As shown, it includes:

[0166] Acquisition module 501 is used to acquire the channel-coded and modulated code symbol sequence (c1, c2, ..., c...). K ), where K represents the number of code symbols in the code symbol sequence, and K is a positive integer;

[0167] The conversion module 502 is used to convert the code symbol sequence (c1, c2, ..., c3) into a single code using orthogonal space-time block codes. K The precoding matrix is ​​converted into an orthogonal space-time block code based on repeated transmissions.

[0168] The transmitting module 503 is used to transmit the precoding matrix using 2N transmitting antennas, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0169] In one implementation, the conversion module 502 can specifically, when N is 1 and the number of repeated transmissions is 2, convert each code symbol c in the code symbol sequence. i The precoding matrix of the orthogonal space-time block code based on repeated transmission obtained by conversion can be represented as:

[0170]

[0171] The first column represents the transmitted symbols of the first transmitting antenna, and the second column represents the transmitted symbols of the second transmitting antenna. In the space-time domain signal processing scenario, the first row represents the transmitted symbols at the t-th symbol time, and the second row represents the transmitted symbols at the (t+1)-th symbol time; or, in the space-frequency domain signal processing scenario, the first row represents the transmitted symbols on the m-th subcarrier, and the second row represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+1)-th subcarrier.

[0172] In one implementation, the conversion module 502 can specifically, when N is 1 and the number of repeated transmissions is 2q, perform conversion on each code symbol c in the code symbol sequence. i The precoding matrix of the orthogonal space-time block code based on repeated transmission obtained by conversion can be represented as:

[0173]

[0174] Where q is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, the first column represents the transmitted symbols of the first transmitting antenna, the second column represents the transmitted symbols of the second transmitting antenna, in the space-time domain signal processing scenario, the first row represents the transmitted symbols at the t-th symbol time, the second row represents the transmitted symbols at the (t+1)-th symbol time, the second-to-last row represents the transmitted symbols at the (t+2q-2)-th symbol time, and the last row represents the transmitted symbols at the (t+2q-1)-th symbol time; or, in the space-frequency domain signal processing scenario, the first row represents the transmitted symbols on the m-th subcarrier, the second row represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+1)-th subcarrier, the second-to-last row represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+2q-2)-th subcarrier, and the last row represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+2q-1)-th subcarrier.

[0175] In one implementation, the conversion module 502 can specifically, when N is 2 and the number of repeated transmissions is 2, convert every two code symbols c in the code symbol sequence. i and c i+1 The precoding matrix of the orthogonal space-time block code based on repeated transmission obtained by conversion can be represented as:

[0176]

[0177] Wherein, the first column represents the transmitted symbols of the first transmitting antenna, the second column represents the transmitted symbols of the second transmitting antenna, the third column represents the transmitted symbols of the third transmitting antenna, and the fourth column represents the transmitted symbols of the fourth transmitting antenna. In the space-time domain signal processing scenario, the first row represents the transmitted symbols at the t-th symbol time, the second row represents the transmitted symbols at the (t+1)-th symbol time, the third row represents the transmitted symbols at the (t+2)-th symbol time, and the fourth row represents the transmitted symbols at the (t+3)-th symbol time; or, in the space-frequency domain signal processing scenario, the first row represents the transmitted symbols on the m-th subcarrier, the second row represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+1)-th subcarrier, the third row represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+2)-th subcarrier, and the fourth row represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+3)-th subcarrier.

[0178] In one implementation, the conversion module 502 can specifically, when N is 2 and the number of repeated transmissions is 2q, convert every two code symbols c in the code symbol sequence. i and c i+1 The precoding matrix of the orthogonal space-time block code based on repeated transmission obtained by conversion can be represented as:

[0179]

[0180] Where q is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, the first column represents the transmitted symbols of the first transmitting antenna, the second column represents the transmitted symbols of the second transmitting antenna, the third column represents the transmitted symbols of the third transmitting antenna, and the fourth column represents the transmitted symbols of the fourth transmitting antenna. In the space-time domain signal processing scenario, the first row represents the transmitted symbol at the t-th symbol time, the second row represents the transmitted symbol at the (t+1)-th symbol time, the third row represents the transmitted symbol at the (t+2)-th symbol time, the fourth row represents the transmitted symbol at the (t+3)-th symbol time, the fourth-to-last row represents the transmitted symbol at the (t+4q-4)-th symbol time, the third-to-last row represents the transmitted symbol at the (t+4q-3)-th symbol time, and the second-to-last row represents the transmitted symbol at the t-th symbol time. The transmitted symbols at time +4q-2 are represented by the last row, which represents the transmitted symbols at time t+4q-1. Alternatively, in the spatial frequency domain signal processing scenario, the first row represents the transmitted symbols on the m-th subcarrier, the second row represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+1)-th subcarrier, the third row represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+2)-th subcarrier, the fourth row represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+3)-th subcarrier, the fourth-to-last row represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+4q-4)-th subcarrier, the third-to-last row represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+4q-3)-th subcarrier, the second-to-last row represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+4q-2)-th subcarrier, and the last row represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+4q-1)-th subcarrier.

[0181] At the software level, for the receiver, a device is provided that utilizes multiple transmitting antennas for repeated transmission, which can, for example... Figure 6 As shown, it includes:

[0182] The first receiving module 601 is used to receive a precoding matrix of orthogonal space-time block code based on repeated transmissions from the transmitter when the number of repeated transmissions is 2.

[0183] The first calculation module 602 is used in a signal processing scenario in the space-time domain to obtain the corresponding received signal for each target code symbol at two consecutive symbol times, and to calculate two decision variables for the same target code symbol based on the symbol-level maximum likelihood decision algorithm of orthogonal space-time block codes for the received signals at the two consecutive symbol times; or, the second calculation module 603 is used in a signal processing scenario in the space-frequency domain to obtain the corresponding received signal for each target code symbol on two consecutive subcarriers, and to calculate two decision variables for the same target code symbol based on the symbol-level maximum likelihood decision algorithm of orthogonal space-time block codes for the received signals on the two consecutive subcarriers.

[0184] The first merging module 604 is used to add and merge the two decision variables for the same target code symbol to obtain the target decision variable corresponding to the target code symbol.

[0185] At the software level, for the receiver, a device is also provided that utilizes multiple transmitting antennas for repeated transmission, which can, for example... Figure 7 As shown, it includes:

[0186] The second receiving module 701 is used to receive the precoding matrix of the orthogonal space-time block code based on repeated transmission from the transmitter when the number of repeated transmissions is 2q, where q is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.

[0187] The third calculation module 702 is used in a signal processing scenario in the space-time domain to obtain the corresponding received signal for each target code symbol at q groups of symbol times, where each group of symbol times contains two consecutive symbol times. For the two received signals obtained at each of the q groups of symbol times, two decision variables for the same target code symbol are calculated based on the symbol-level maximum likelihood decision algorithm of orthogonal space-time block codes, and these two decision variables are added and merged to obtain q initial merged decision variables corresponding to the same target code symbol. Alternatively, the fourth calculation module 703 is used in a signal processing scenario in the space-frequency domain to obtain the corresponding received signal on q groups of subcarriers for each target code symbol, where each group of subcarriers contains two consecutive subcarriers. For the two received signals obtained on the q groups of subcarriers, two decision variables for the same target code symbol are calculated based on the symbol-level maximum likelihood decision algorithm of orthogonal space-time block codes, and these two decision variables are added and merged to obtain q initial merged decision variables corresponding to the same target code symbol.

[0188] The second merging module 704 is used to add and merge the q initial merging decision variables corresponding to the same target code symbol to obtain the target decision variable corresponding to the target code symbol.

[0189] In one implementation, in a space-time domain signal processing scenario, the time-domain received signal at the t-th and t+1-th symbol times can be represented as:

[0190] r (t) =c i h1+c i h2+n (t)

[0191]

[0192] Where, r (t) Let r represent the time-domain received signal at symbol t. (t+1) Let n represent the time-domain received signal at the (t+1)th symbol. (t) and n (t+1) Let h1 represent the additive white Gaussian noise sample values ​​of the receiver at the t-th and t+1-th symbol times, h2 represent the instantaneous channel coefficients from the first transmit antenna to a single receive antenna in the space-time domain, and c represent the instantaneous channel coefficients from the second transmit antenna to a single receive antenna in the space-time domain. i Indicates the target code symbol.

[0193] In one implementation, in a signal processing scenario in the spatial frequency domain, the frequency domain received signal on the two consecutive subcarriers, the m-th and (m+1)-th subcarriers, can be represented as:

[0194] y (m) =c i g1+c i g2+z (m)

[0195]

[0196] Among them, y (m) y represents the frequency domain received signal on the m-th subcarrier. (m+1) This represents the frequency domain received signal on the (m+1)th subcarrier, z. (m) and z (m+1) Let g1 represent the additive white Gaussian noise sample values ​​of the receiver on the m-th and m+1-th subcarriers, g2 represent the instantaneous channel coefficient from the first transmit antenna to a single receive antenna in the space-frequency domain, and g2 represent the instantaneous channel coefficient from the second transmit antenna to a single receive antenna in the space-frequency domain. i Indicates the target code symbol.

[0197] In one implementation, in a space-time domain signal processing scenario, for the time-domain received signals at two consecutive symbol times, namely the t-th and t+1-th symbol times, the symbol-level maximum likelihood decision algorithm based on orthogonal space-time block codes can calculate two decision variables according to the following formula:

[0198] Δ1=f1(r (t) ,r (t+1) (h1,h2)

[0199] =(h1) * r (t) +h2(r (t+1) ) *

[0200] =(|h1| 2 +|h2| 2 )c i +((h1) * n (t) +h2(n (t+1) ) * )

[0201] Δ2=f2(r (t) ,r (t+1) (h1,h2)

[0202] =(h2) * r (t) -h1(r (t+1) ) *

[0203] =(|h1| 2 +|h2| 2 )c i +((h2) * n (t) -h1(n (t+1) ) * )

[0204] Where Δ1 represents the first decision variable, Δ2 represents the second decision variable, and f1(·) and f2(·) represent the maximum likelihood decision functions.

[0205] In one implementation, in a spatial frequency domain signal processing scenario, for the frequency domain received signals on two consecutive subcarriers, the symbol-level maximum likelihood decision algorithm based on orthogonal space-time block codes can calculate two decision variables according to the following formula:

[0206] Δ1=f1(y (m) ,y (m+1) (g1,g2)

[0207] =(g1) * y(m) +g2(y (m+1) ) *

[0208] =(|g1| 2 +|g2| 2 )c i +((g1) * z (m) +g2(z (m+1) ) * )

[0209] Δ2=f2(y (m) ,y (m+1) (g1,g2)

[0210] =(g2) * y (m) -g1(y (m+1) ) *

[0211] =(|g1| 2 +|g2| 2 )c i +((g2) * z (m) -g1(z (m+1) ) * )

[0212] Where Δ1 represents the first decision variable, Δ2 represents the second decision variable, and f1(·) and f2(·) represent the maximum likelihood decision functions.

[0213] In this example, an apparatus for repeated transmission using multiple transmit antennas, located in a transmitter, is also provided. This apparatus acquires the channel-coded and modulated code symbol sequence (c1, c2, ..., c...). K ), where K represents the number of code symbols in the code symbol sequence; when K is even, the code symbol sequence is converted into a code symbol sequence (s1, s2, ..., s...). L ), where L = K and s i =c i (i = 1, ..., L); when K is odd, an additional symbol with a value of zero is added to the end of the code symbol sequence to obtain the code symbol sequence (s1, s2, ..., s...). L ), where L=K+1, s i =c i (i = 1, ..., L-1), s L =0; Using orthogonal space-time block codes, the code symbol sequence (s1, s2, ..., s...) is... LEvery 2N symbols in the code are converted into a precoding matrix of orthogonal space-time block codes; the precoding matrix is ​​repeatedly transmitted to the receiver at matrix granularity using 2N transmit antennas, and at least 1 bit of control information is additionally transmitted, wherein the at least 1 bit of control information is used to indicate whether the code symbol sequence currently transmitted by the receiver has been padded with zeros at the end.

[0214] In one implementation, repeatedly transmitting the precoding matrix to the receiver at a matrix granularity using 2N transmit antennas may include:

[0215] When N is 1, the number of repeated transmissions is p, and p is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, for the code symbol sequence (s1, s2, ..., s... L Each pair of code symbols s in ) i and s i+1 The matrix transmitted when repeated transmissions are performed at the matrix granularity is represented as follows:

[0216]

[0217] Wherein, the first column represents the transmitted symbols of the first transmitting antenna, the second column represents the transmitted symbols of the second transmitting antenna, in the space-time domain signal processing scenario, the first row represents the transmitted symbols at the t-th symbol time, the second row represents the transmitted symbols at the (t+1)-th symbol time, the second-to-last row represents the transmitted symbols at the (t+2p-2)-th symbol time, and the last row represents the transmitted symbols at the (t+2p-1)-th symbol time; or, in the space-frequency domain signal processing scenario, the first row represents the transmitted symbols on the m-th subcarrier, the second row represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+1)-th subcarrier, the second-to-last row represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+2p-2)-th subcarrier, and the last row represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+2p-1)-th subcarrier;

[0218] When N is 2, the number of repeated transmissions is p, and p is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, for the code symbol sequence (s1, s2, ..., s... L Each of the four code symbols s in ) i s i+1 s i+2 s i+3 The matrix transmitted when repeated transmissions are performed at the matrix granularity is represented as follows:

[0219]

[0220] In this diagram, the first column represents the transmitted symbols from the first transmitting antenna, the second column represents the transmitted symbols from the second transmitting antenna, the third column represents the transmitted symbols from the third transmitting antenna, and the fourth column represents the transmitted symbols from the fourth transmitting antenna. In the spatiotemporal signal processing scenario, the first row represents the transmitted symbol at time t, the second row represents the transmitted symbol at time t+1, the third row represents the transmitted symbol at time t+2, the fourth row represents the transmitted symbol at time t+3, the fourth-to-last row represents the transmitted symbol at time t+4p-4, the third-to-last row represents the transmitted symbol at time t+4p-3, and the second-to-last row represents the transmitted symbol at time t+4p-2. The transmitted symbols at symbol time are represented in the last row, which represents the transmitted symbols at symbol time t+4p-1; or, in the spatial frequency domain signal processing scenario, the first row represents the transmitted symbols on the m-th subcarrier, the second row represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+1)-th subcarrier, the third row represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+2)-th subcarrier, the fourth row represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+3)-th subcarrier, the fourth row from the end represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+4p-4)-th subcarrier, the third row from the end represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+4p-3)-th subcarrier, the second row from the end represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+4p-2)-th subcarrier, and the last row represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+4p-1)-th subcarrier.

[0221] Accordingly, this example also provides a data receiving device for a method of repeated transmission using multiple transmitting antennas, located in the receiver. When the number of repeated transmissions is p, where p is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, it is used to receive a precoding matrix of orthogonal space-time block codes based on repeated transmissions from the transmitter. The precoding matrix of the orthogonal space-time block codes is obtained by the transmitter using orthogonal space-time block codes to represent the code symbol sequence (s1, s2, ..., s...). LThe signal is obtained by converting every 2N symbols in the p-group symbol set. In the space-time domain signal processing scenario, for every two target code symbols, the receiver obtains the corresponding received signal at p group symbol times, where each group symbol time contains two consecutive symbol times. For the two received signals obtained at each group symbol time in the p-group symbol times, two initial decision variables for each target code symbol in the two target code symbols are calculated based on the symbol-level maximum likelihood decision algorithm of orthogonal space-time block codes. Based on the corresponding p group received signals obtained at the p group symbol times, p initial decision variables for each target code symbol in the two target code symbols are obtained. Alternatively, in the space-frequency domain signal processing scenario, for every two target code symbols, the receiver... The receiver obtains corresponding received signals on p groups of subcarriers, where each group of subcarriers contains two consecutive subcarriers. For the two received signals obtained on each group of subcarriers in the p groups of subcarriers, two initial decision variables are calculated based on the symbol-level maximum likelihood decision algorithm of orthogonal space-time block codes, each for each of the two target code symbols. Based on the corresponding p groups of received signals obtained on the p groups of subcarriers, p initial decision variables are obtained for each of the two target code symbols. For each of the two target code symbols, the p initial decision variables are added and combined to obtain the corresponding target decision variable. Then, based on the code symbol sequence (s1, s2, ..., s...),... L After the target decision variable of each symbol in the code symbol sequence (s1, s2, ..., s) has been decided and the decision result has been obtained, a decision is made on whether to release the code symbol sequence (s1, s2, ..., s) based on the received result of at least one bit of control information. L Remove the last symbol from the judgment result.

[0222] This application also provides a specific implementation of an electronic device capable of implementing all steps of the method for repeated transmission using multiple transmitting antennas in the above embodiments. The electronic device specifically includes: a processor, a memory, a communications interface, and a bus; wherein the processor, memory, and communications interface communicate with each other via the bus; the processor is used to call a computer program in the memory, and when the processor executes the computer program, it implements all steps of the method for repeated transmission using multiple transmitting antennas in the above embodiments. For example, when the processor executes the computer program, it implements the following steps:

[0223] Step 1: The transmitter acquires the channel-coded and modulated code symbol sequence (c1, c2, ..., c...). K ), where K represents the number of code symbols in the code symbol sequence;

[0224] Step 2: Using orthogonal space-time block codes, convert the code symbol sequence (c1, c2, ..., c...) into... K The precoding matrix is ​​converted into an orthogonal space-time block code based on repeated transmissions.

[0225] Step 3: Transmit the precoding matrix to the receiver using 2N transmit antennas, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1;

[0226] Step 4: The receiver receives the precoding matrix of the orthogonal space-time block code based on repeated transmission from the transmitter;

[0227] Step 5: In the space-time domain signal processing scenario, for each target code symbol, the receiver obtains the corresponding received signal at two consecutive symbol times. For the received signals at the two consecutive symbol times, two decision variables for the same target code symbol are calculated based on the symbol-level maximum likelihood decision algorithm of orthogonal space-time block codes; or, in the space-frequency domain signal processing scenario, for each target code symbol, the receiver obtains the corresponding received signal on two consecutive subcarriers. For the received signals on the two consecutive subcarriers, two decision variables for the same target code symbol are calculated based on the symbol-level maximum likelihood decision algorithm of orthogonal space-time block codes.

[0228] Step 6: Add and merge the two decision variables for the same target code symbol to obtain the target decision variable corresponding to the target code symbol.

[0229] Embodiments of this application also provide a computer-readable storage medium capable of implementing all steps of the method for repeated transmission using multiple transmitting antennas in the above embodiments. The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements all steps of the method for repeated transmission using multiple transmitting antennas in the above embodiments. For example, when the processor executes the computer program, it implements the following steps:

[0230] Step 1: The transmitter acquires the channel-coded and modulated code symbol sequence (c1, c2, ..., c...). K ), where K represents the number of code symbols in the code symbol sequence;

[0231] Step 2: Using orthogonal space-time block codes, convert the code symbol sequence (c1, c2, ..., c...) into... K The precoding matrix is ​​converted into an orthogonal space-time block code based on repeated transmissions.

[0232] Step 3: Transmit the precoding matrix to the receiver using 2N transmit antennas, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1;

[0233] Step 4: The receiver receives the precoding matrix of the orthogonal space-time block code based on repeated transmission from the transmitter;

[0234] Step 5: In the space-time domain signal processing scenario, for each target code symbol, the receiver obtains the corresponding received signal at two consecutive symbol times. For the received signals at the two consecutive symbol times, two decision variables for the same target code symbol are calculated based on the symbol-level maximum likelihood decision algorithm of orthogonal space-time block codes; or, in the space-frequency domain signal processing scenario, for each target code symbol, the receiver obtains the corresponding received signal on two consecutive subcarriers. For the received signals on the two consecutive subcarriers, two decision variables for the same target code symbol are calculated based on the symbol-level maximum likelihood decision algorithm of orthogonal space-time block codes.

[0235] Step 6: Add and merge the two decision variables for the same target code symbol to obtain the target decision variable corresponding to the target code symbol.

[0236] As described above, in this embodiment, the transmitter acquires the channel coding and modulated code symbol sequence number, and then uses orthogonal space-time block codes to convert the code symbol sequence into a precoding matrix based on repeated transmission of orthogonal space-time block codes. The precoding matrix is ​​then transmitted to the receiver using 2N transmit antennas, thus performing multiple repeated transmissions of each code symbol in the time domain, and transmitting each symbol by each of the multiple transmit antennas in the spatial domain, thereby enabling transmit diversity gain. This scheme achieves the technical effect of increasing coverage capability with lower processing complexity while incurring the same throughput reduction cost as existing repeated transmission methods.

[0237] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. Each embodiment focuses on its differences from other embodiments. In particular, hardware + program embodiments are relatively simple in description because they are fundamentally similar to method embodiments; relevant parts can be referred to the descriptions in the method embodiments.

[0238] While this specification provides method operation steps as described in the embodiments or flowcharts, more or fewer operation steps may be included based on conventional or non-inventive means. The order of steps listed in the embodiments is merely one possible execution order among many and does not represent the only execution order. In actual device or end product execution, the methods shown in the embodiments or drawings may be executed sequentially or in parallel (e.g., in a parallel processor or multi-threaded processing environment, or even a distributed data processing environment). The terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, product, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, product, or apparatus. Without further limitations, the presence of other identical or equivalent elements in the process, method, product, or apparatus that includes said elements is not excluded.

[0239] For ease of description, the above devices are described in terms of function, divided into various modules. Of course, in implementing the embodiments of this specification, the functions of each module can be implemented in one or more software and / or hardware components, or a module that performs the same function can be implemented by a combination of multiple sub-modules or sub-units. The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of units is only a logical functional division; in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, or indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units, and may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0240] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart... Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0241] Those skilled in the art will understand that the embodiments of this specification can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the embodiments of this specification can take the form of entirely hardware embodiments, entirely software embodiments, or embodiments combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the embodiments of this specification can take the form of computer program products implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0242] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to mutually. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments. In particular, system embodiments are basically similar to method embodiments, so the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the descriptions in the method embodiments. In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiments in this specification. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0243] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present specification and is not intended to limit the embodiments of the present specification. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and variations can be made to the embodiments of the present specification. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principle of the embodiments of the present specification should be included within the scope of the claims of the embodiments of the present specification.

Claims

1. A method for repeated transmission using multiple transmitting antennas, applied to a transmitter, characterized in that, The method includes: Obtain the channel-coded and modulated code symbol sequence (c1, c2, ..., c K ), where K represents the number of code symbols in the code symbol sequence, and K is a positive integer; Using orthogonal space-time block codes, the code symbol sequence (c1, c2, ..., c...) is... K The precoding matrix is ​​converted into an orthogonal space-time block code based on repeated transmissions. The precoding matrix is ​​transmitted using 2N transmit antennas, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Using orthogonal space-time block codes, the code symbol sequence (c1, c2, ..., c...) is... K The precoding matrix is ​​converted into an orthogonal space-time block code based on repeated transmissions, including: When N is 1 and the number of repeated transmissions is 2, for each code symbol c in the code symbol sequence i The precoding matrix of the orthogonal space-time block code based on repeated transmission obtained by conversion is represented as: The first column represents the transmitted symbols of the first transmitting antenna, and the second column represents the transmitted symbols of the second transmitting antenna. In the space-time domain signal processing scenario, the first row represents the transmitted symbols at the t-th symbol time, and the second row represents the transmitted symbols at the (t+1)-th symbol time; or, in the space-frequency domain signal processing scenario, the first row represents the transmitted symbols on the m-th subcarrier, and the second row represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+1)-th subcarrier.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Using orthogonal space-time block codes, the code symbol sequence (c1, c2, ..., c...) is... K The precoding matrix is ​​converted into an orthogonal space-time block code based on repeated transmissions, including: With N equal to 1 and the number of repeated transmissions being 2q, for each code symbol c in the code symbol sequence... i The precoding matrix of the orthogonal space-time block code based on repeated transmission obtained by conversion is represented as: Where q is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, the first column represents the transmitted symbols of the first transmitting antenna, the second column represents the transmitted symbols of the second transmitting antenna, in the space-time domain signal processing scenario, the first row represents the transmitted symbols at the t-th symbol time, the second row represents the transmitted symbols at the (t+1)-th symbol time, the second-to-last row represents the transmitted symbols at the (t+2q-2)-th symbol time, and the last row represents the transmitted symbols at the (t+2q-1)-th symbol time; or, in the space-frequency domain signal processing scenario, the first row represents the transmitted symbols on the m-th subcarrier, the second row represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+1)-th subcarrier, the second-to-last row represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+2q-2)-th subcarrier, and the last row represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+2q-1)-th subcarrier.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Using orthogonal space-time block codes, the code symbol sequence (c1, c2, ..., c...) is... K The precoding matrix is ​​converted into an orthogonal space-time block code based on repeated transmissions, including: When N is 2 and the number of repeated transmissions is 2, for every two code symbols c in the code symbol sequence i and c i+1 The precoding matrix of the orthogonal space-time block code based on repeated transmission obtained by conversion is represented as: Wherein, the first column represents the transmitted symbols of the first transmitting antenna, the second column represents the transmitted symbols of the second transmitting antenna, the third column represents the transmitted symbols of the third transmitting antenna, and the fourth column represents the transmitted symbols of the fourth transmitting antenna. In the space-time domain signal processing scenario, the first row represents the transmitted symbols at the t-th symbol time, the second row represents the transmitted symbols at the (t+1)-th symbol time, the third row represents the transmitted symbols at the (t+2)-th symbol time, and the fourth row represents the transmitted symbols at the (t+3)-th symbol time; or, in the space-frequency domain signal processing scenario, the first row represents the transmitted symbols on the m-th subcarrier, the second row represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+1)-th subcarrier, the third row represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+2)-th subcarrier, and the fourth row represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+3)-th subcarrier.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Using orthogonal space-time block codes, the code symbol sequence (c1, c2, ..., c...) is... K The precoding matrix is ​​converted into an orthogonal space-time block code based on repeated transmissions, including: When N is 2 and the number of repeated transmissions is 2q, for every two code symbols c in the code symbol sequence i and c i+1 The precoding matrix of the orthogonal space-time block code based on repeated transmission obtained by conversion is represented as: Where q is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, the first column represents the transmitted symbols of the first transmitting antenna, the second column represents the transmitted symbols of the second transmitting antenna, the third column represents the transmitted symbols of the third transmitting antenna, and the fourth column represents the transmitted symbols of the fourth transmitting antenna. In the space-time domain signal processing scenario, the first row represents the transmitted symbol at the t-th symbol time, the second row represents the transmitted symbol at the (t+1)-th symbol time, the third row represents the transmitted symbol at the (t+2)-th symbol time, the fourth row represents the transmitted symbol at the (t+3)-th symbol time, the fourth-to-last row represents the transmitted symbol at the (t+4q-4)-th symbol time, the third-to-last row represents the transmitted symbol at the (t+4q-3)-th symbol time, and the second-to-last row represents the transmitted symbol at the t-th symbol time. The transmitted symbols at time +4q-2 are represented by the last row, which represents the transmitted symbols at time t+4q-1. Alternatively, in the spatial frequency domain signal processing scenario, the first row represents the transmitted symbols on the m-th subcarrier, the second row represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+1)-th subcarrier, the third row represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+2)-th subcarrier, the fourth row represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+3)-th subcarrier, the fourth-to-last row represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+4q-4)-th subcarrier, the third-to-last row represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+4q-3)-th subcarrier, the second-to-last row represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+4q-2)-th subcarrier, and the last row represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+4q-1)-th subcarrier.

6. A data receiving method, applied to a receiver, characterized in that, When the number of repeated transmissions is 2, the method includes: Receive the precoding matrix of orthogonal space-time block codes based on repeated transmissions; In a space-time domain signal processing scenario, for each target code symbol, the corresponding received signal is obtained at two consecutive symbol times. For the received signals at the two consecutive symbol times, two decision variables for the same target code symbol are calculated based on the symbol-level maximum likelihood decision algorithm of orthogonal space-time block codes. Alternatively, in a space-frequency domain signal processing scenario, for each target code symbol, the corresponding received signal is obtained on two consecutive subcarriers. For the received signals on the two consecutive subcarriers, two decision variables for the same target code symbol are calculated based on the symbol-level maximum likelihood decision algorithm of orthogonal space-time block codes. The two decision variables targeting the same target code symbol are added and merged to obtain the target decision variable corresponding to the target code symbol.

7. A data receiving method, applied to a receiver, characterized in that, When the number of repeated transmissions is 2q, where q is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, the method includes: Receive the precoding matrix of orthogonal space-time block codes based on repeated transmissions; In a space-time domain signal processing scenario, for each target code symbol, the corresponding received signal is obtained at q sets of symbol times, where each set of symbol times contains two consecutive symbol times. For the two received signals obtained at each of the q sets of symbol times, two decision variables for the same target code symbol are calculated based on the symbol-level maximum likelihood decision algorithm of orthogonal space-time block codes, and these two decision variables are added and combined to obtain q initial combined decision variables corresponding to the same target code symbol. Alternatively, in a space-frequency domain signal processing scenario, for each target code symbol, the corresponding received signal is obtained on q sets of subcarriers, where each set of subcarriers contains two consecutive subcarriers. For the two received signals obtained on each of the q sets of subcarriers, two decision variables for the same target code symbol are calculated based on the symbol-level maximum likelihood decision algorithm of orthogonal space-time block codes, and these two decision variables are added and combined to obtain q initial combined decision variables corresponding to the same target code symbol. The q initial merge decision variables corresponding to the same target code symbol are added together to obtain the target decision variable corresponding to the target code symbol.

8. The method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, In the context of signal processing in the space-time domain, the received signal in the time domain at the t-th and t+1-th symbol times is represented as follows: r (t) =c i h1+c i h2+n (t) Where, r (t) Let r represent the time-domain received signal at symbol t. (t+1) Let n represent the time-domain received signal at the (t+1)th symbol. (t) and n (t+1) Let h1 represent the additive white Gaussian noise sample values ​​at the t-th and t+1-th symbol times, h2 represent the instantaneous channel coefficients from the first transmit antenna to a single receive antenna in the space-time domain, and c represent the instantaneous channel coefficients from the second transmit antenna to a single receive antenna in the space-time domain. i Indicates the target code symbol; Alternatively, in the context of signal processing in the spatial frequency domain, the frequency domain received signal on the two consecutive subcarriers, the m-th and (m+1)-th subcarriers, can be represented as: y (m) =c i g1+c i g2+z (m) Among them, y (m) y represents the frequency domain received signal on the m-th subcarrier. (m+1) This represents the frequency domain received signal on the (m+1)th subcarrier, z. (m) and z (m+1) Let g1 represent the additive white Gaussian noise sample values ​​on the m-th and m+1-th subcarriers, g2 represent the instantaneous channel coefficient from the first transmit antenna to a single receive antenna in the space-frequency domain, and c represent the instantaneous channel coefficient from the second transmit antenna to a single receive antenna in the space-frequency domain. i Indicates the target code symbol.

9. The method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, In the space-time domain signal processing scenario, for the time-domain received signals at two consecutive symbol times, namely the t-th and t+1-th symbol times, the symbol-level maximum likelihood decision algorithm based on orthogonal space-time block codes calculates two decision variables according to the following formula: Δ1=f1(r (t) ,r (t+1) ,h1,h2) =(h1) * r (t) +h2(r (t+1) ) * <(|h1| 2 +|h2| 2 .c i +((h1) * n (t) +h2(n (t+1) ) * ) Δ2=f2(r (t) ,r (t+1) ,h1,h2) =(h2) * r (t) -h1(r (t+1) ) * <(|h1| 2 +|h2| 2 .c i +((h2) * n (t) -h1(n (t+1) ) * ) Where Δ1 represents the first decision variable, Δ2 represents the second decision variable, and f1(·) and f2(·) represent the maximum likelihood decision functions; Alternatively, in the spatial frequency domain signal processing scenario, for the frequency domain received signals on two consecutive subcarriers, the symbol-level maximum likelihood decision algorithm based on orthogonal space-time block codes calculates two decision variables according to the following formula: Δ1=f1(y (m) ,y (m+1) ,g1,g2) =(g1) * y (m) +g2(y (m+1) ) * =(|g1| 2 +|g2| 2 )c i +((g1) * z (m) +g2(z (m+1) ) * ) Δ2=f2(y (m) ,y (m+1) ,g1,g2) =(g2) * y (m) -g1(y (m+1) ) * =(|g1| 2 +|g2| 2 )c i +((g2) * z (m) -g1(z (m+1) ) * ) Here, Δ1 represents the first decision variable, Δ2 represents the second decision variable, and f1() and f2() represent the maximum likelihood decision functions.

10. A method for repeated transmission using multiple transmitting antennas, applied to a transmitter, characterized in that, The method includes: Obtain the channel-coded and modulated code symbol sequence (c1, c2, ..., c K ), where K represents the number of code symbols in the code symbol sequence, and K is a positive integer; When K is even, the code symbol sequence is converted into a code symbol sequence (s1, s2, ..., s...). L ), where L = K and s i =c i (i = 1, ..., L); or, when K is odd, add an extra symbol with a value of zero to the end of the code symbol sequence to obtain the code symbol sequence (s1, s2, ..., s...). L ), where L=K+1, s i =c i (i = 1, ..., L-1), s L =0; Using orthogonal space-time block codes, the code symbol sequence (s1, s2, ..., s...) is... L Each 2N symbols in the code is converted into a precoding matrix for orthogonal space-time block codes; The precoding matrix is ​​repeatedly transmitted at a matrix granularity using 2N transmit antennas, and at least one additional bit of control information is transmitted, wherein the at least one bit of control information is used to indicate whether the currently transmitted code symbol sequence has been padded with zeros at the end.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that, The precoding matrix is ​​repeatedly transmitted using 2N transmit antennas at a matrix granularity, including: When N is 1, the number of repeated transmissions is p, and p is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, for the code symbol sequence (s1, s2, ..., s... L Each pair of code symbols s in ) i and s i+1 The matrix transmitted when repeated transmissions are performed at the matrix granularity is represented as follows: Wherein, the first column represents the transmitted symbols of the first transmitting antenna, the second column represents the transmitted symbols of the second transmitting antenna, in the space-time domain signal processing scenario, the first row represents the transmitted symbols at the t-th symbol time, the second row represents the transmitted symbols at the (t+1)-th symbol time, the second-to-last row represents the transmitted symbols at the (t+2p-2)-th symbol time, and the last row represents the transmitted symbols at the (t+2p-1)-th symbol time; or, in the space-frequency domain signal processing scenario, the first row represents the transmitted symbols on the m-th subcarrier, the second row represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+1)-th subcarrier, the second-to-last row represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+2p-2)-th subcarrier, and the last row represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+2p-1)-th subcarrier; When N is 2, the number of repeated transmissions is p, and p is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, for the code symbol sequence (s1, s2, ..., s... L Each of the four code symbols s in ) i s i+1 s i+2 s i+3 The matrix transmitted when repeated transmissions are performed at the matrix granularity is represented as follows: In this diagram, the first column represents the transmitted symbols from the first transmitting antenna, the second column represents the transmitted symbols from the second transmitting antenna, the third column represents the transmitted symbols from the third transmitting antenna, and the fourth column represents the transmitted symbols from the fourth transmitting antenna. In the spatiotemporal signal processing scenario, the first row represents the transmitted symbol at time t, the second row represents the transmitted symbol at time t+1, the third row represents the transmitted symbol at time t+2, the fourth row represents the transmitted symbol at time t+3, the fourth-to-last row represents the transmitted symbol at time t+4p-4, the third-to-last row represents the transmitted symbol at time t+4p-3, and the second-to-last row represents the transmitted symbol at time t+4p-2. The transmitted symbols at symbol time are represented in the last row, which represents the transmitted symbols at symbol time t+4p-1; or, in the spatial frequency domain signal processing scenario, the first row represents the transmitted symbols on the m-th subcarrier, the second row represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+1)-th subcarrier, the third row represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+2)-th subcarrier, the fourth row represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+3)-th subcarrier, the fourth row from the end represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+4p-4)-th subcarrier, the third row from the end represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+4p-3)-th subcarrier, the second row from the end represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+4p-2)-th subcarrier, and the last row represents the transmitted symbols on the (m+4p-1)-th subcarrier.

12. A data receiving method, applied to a receiver, characterized in that, When the number of repeated transmissions is p, where p is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, the method includes: Receive the precoding matrix of orthogonal space-time block codes based on repeated transmissions, wherein the precoding matrix of the orthogonal space-time block codes is obtained by using the orthogonal space-time block codes to encode the code symbol sequence (s1, s2, ..., s...). L This is obtained by converting every 2N symbols in the original text. In a space-time domain signal processing scenario, for every two target code symbols, the corresponding received signals are obtained at p sets of symbol times, where each set of symbol times contains two consecutive symbol times. For the two received signals obtained at each of the p sets of symbol times, two initial decision variables are calculated based on the symbol-level maximum likelihood decision algorithm of orthogonal space-time block codes, each for each of the two target code symbols. Based on the corresponding p sets of received signals obtained at the p sets of symbol times, p initial decision variables for each of the two target code symbols are obtained. Alternatively, in a signal processing scenario in the spatial frequency domain, for every two target code symbols, corresponding received signals are obtained on p groups of subcarriers, where each group of subcarriers contains two consecutive subcarriers. For the two received signals obtained on each group of subcarriers in the p groups of subcarriers, two initial decision variables for each of the two target code symbols are calculated based on the symbol-level maximum likelihood decision algorithm of orthogonal space-time block codes. Based on the corresponding p groups of received signals obtained on the p groups of subcarriers, p initial decision variables for each of the two target code symbols are obtained. For each of the two target code symbols, the p initial decision variables are added and merged to obtain the corresponding target decision variable; Based on the code symbol sequence (s1, s2, ..., s...) L After the target decision variable of each symbol in the code symbol sequence (s1, s2, ..., s) has been decided and the decision result has been obtained, a decision is made on whether to release the code symbol sequence (s1, s2, ..., s) based on the received result of at least one bit of control information. L Remove the last symbol from the judgment result.

13. A transmitter, characterized in that, include: The acquisition module is used to acquire the channel-coded and modulated code symbol sequence (c1, c2, ..., c...). K ), where K represents the number of code symbols in the code symbol sequence; The conversion module is used to convert the code symbol sequence (c1, c2, ..., c) into a single code using orthogonal space-time block codes. K The precoding matrix is ​​converted into an orthogonal space-time block code based on repeated transmissions. The transmitting module is used to transmit the precoding matrix using 2N transmitting antennas, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.

14. A receiver, characterized in that, include: The first receiving module is used to receive the precoding matrix of the orthogonal space-time block code based on repeated transmissions when the number of repeated transmissions is 2. The first calculation module is used in a signal processing scenario in the space-time domain to obtain the corresponding received signal at two consecutive symbol times for each target code symbol, and to calculate two decision variables for the same target code symbol based on the symbol-level maximum likelihood decision algorithm of orthogonal space-time block codes for the received signals at the two consecutive symbol times. Alternatively, the second calculation module is used in the signal processing scenario of the spatial frequency domain to obtain the corresponding received signal on two consecutive subcarriers for each target code symbol, and to calculate two decision variables for the same target code symbol based on the symbol-level maximum likelihood decision algorithm of orthogonal space-time block codes for the received signals on the two consecutive subcarriers. The first merging module is used to add and merge the two decision variables for the same target code symbol to obtain the target decision variable corresponding to the target code symbol.

15. A receiver, characterized in that, include: The second receiving module is used to receive the precoding matrix of the orthogonal space-time block code based on repeated transmissions when the number of repeated transmissions is 2q, where q is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2. The third calculation module is used in the signal processing scenario in the space-time domain to obtain the corresponding received signal for each target code symbol at q groups of symbol times, where each group of symbol times contains two consecutive symbol times. For the received signal of the two consecutive symbol times contained in each group of symbol times in the q groups of symbol times, the module calculates two decision variables for the same target code symbol based on the symbol-level maximum likelihood decision algorithm of orthogonal space-time block codes and adds and merges the two decision variables to obtain q initial merged decision variables corresponding to the same target code symbol. Alternatively, the fourth calculation module is used in the signal processing scenario in the spatial frequency domain to obtain the corresponding received signal on q groups of subcarriers for each target code symbol, wherein each group of subcarriers contains two consecutive subcarriers. For the received signal on the two consecutive subcarriers contained in each group of q subcarriers, the maximum likelihood decision algorithm of symbol level for orthogonal space-time block codes is used to calculate two decision variables for the same target code symbol and the two decision variables are added and merged to obtain q initial merged decision variables corresponding to the same target code symbol. The second merging module is used to add and merge the q initial merging decision variables corresponding to the same target code symbol to obtain the target decision variable corresponding to the target code symbol.

16. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program / instructions stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program / instructions are executed by the processor, they implement the steps of the method described in any one of claims 1 to 12.

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