Methods, apparatuses and computer programs

Abstract

The present application relates to methods, apparatuses and computer programs related to quasi co-location signals. An apparatus comprising: means for receiving a first quasi co-location configuration associated with a first signal and a second signal, the first quasi co-location configuration comprising information on a first quasi co-location type; means for determining that a different quasi co-location type is to be requested; and means for requesting, in response to determining that the different quasi co-location type is to be requested, that the different quasi co-location type is to be used for future transmissions of the two or more signals.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to methods, apparatus, and computer programs, and specifically, but not exclusively, to methods, apparatus, and computer programs relating to quasi-co-located signals. Background Technology

[0002] A communication network can be viewed as a facility that enables communication between two or more communication devices or provides communication device access to a data network. Mobile or wireless communication networks are an example of communication networks. Application servers can provide services to communication devices.

[0003] Such communication networks operate according to standards provided by organizations such as 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) or ETSI (European Telecommunications Standards Institute). Examples of these standards include the so-called 5G (fifth generation) and 6G (sixth generation) standards issued by 3GPP. Summary of the Invention

[0004] According to one aspect, a method is provided, comprising: receiving a quasi-colocation configuration associated with a first signal and a second signal, the quasi-colocation configuration providing information about a set of one or more resource elements to which the quasi-colocation configuration is applied; receiving the first signal and the second signal; and using the quasi-colocation configuration to process one or more of the first signal and the second signal.

[0005] The method may include using a quasi-co-located configuration to process one or more of the first and second signals for performing channel estimation.

[0006] The method may include using a quasi-co-located configuration to process one or more of a first signal and a second signal for performing channel state indicator estimation.

[0007] The method may include using a quasi-co-located configuration to process one or more of a first signal and a second signal for decoding one or more of the first signal and the second signal.

[0008] According to a second aspect, a method is provided, comprising: determining a quasi-co-location configuration associated with a first signal and a second signal, the quasi-co-location configuration providing information about a set of one or more resource elements to which the quasi-co-location configuration is applied; and providing the quasi-co-location configuration to a user equipment to receive the first signal and the second signal.

[0009] According to a third aspect, a method is provided, comprising: receiving a first quasi-co-location configuration associated with a first signal and a second signal, the first quasi-co-location configuration including information about a first quasi-co-location type; determining that a different quasi-co-location type is to be requested; and, in response to determining that a different quasi-co-location type is to be requested, requesting that the different quasi-co-location type be used for future transmissions of two or more signals.

[0010] Two or more signals may include one or more of the first signal and the second signal.

[0011] The method may include: receiving a second quasi-co-location configuration for two or more signals, the second quasi-co-location configuration including information about different quasi-co-location types; and receiving two or more signals.

[0012] The method may include: processing one or more of a first signal and a second signal based on a first quasi-colocation type, and processing one or more of two or more signals based on different quasi-colocation types.

[0013] The process may include one or more of the following: performing channel estimation; performing channel state indicator estimation; and decoding one or more of the following: a first signal, a second signal, one or more additional signals transmitted together with one or more of the first signal and the second signal, one or more of two or more signals, or one or more additional signals transmitted together with one or more of two or more signals.

[0014] The method may include: determining different quasi-co-location types to be requested; and requesting that the determined different types be used for future transmissions of one or more of two or more signals.

[0015] The method may include: determining that one or more of a first signal and a second signal are associated with a first error rate higher than a first threshold; and in response to determining that the first error rate is higher than the first threshold, determining that a different quasi-colocation type should be requested.

[0016] The method may include: determining that one or more of a first signal and a second signal are associated with a channel estimation error rate higher than a second threshold; and in response to determining that the channel estimation error rate is higher than the second threshold, determining that a different quasi-colocation type should be requested.

[0017] The method may include: determining that a second error rate at the output of a low-density parity decoder is higher than a third threshold; and in response to determining that the second error rate is higher than the third threshold, determining that a different quasi-co-address type should be requested.

[0018] The method may include: determining that one or more of a first signal and a second signal are associated with a bit reconstruction error rate higher than a fourth threshold; and in response to determining that the bit reconstruction error rate is higher than the fourth threshold, determining that a different quasi-colocation type should be requested.

[0019] The method may include: determining a first channel estimate by using a first quasi-colocation type estimate to estimate the channel associated with one or more of the first and second signals; determining a second channel estimate by not using the first quasi-colocation type estimate to estimate the channel associated with one or more of the first and second signals; and determining a different quasi-colocation type to be requested based on the first and second channel estimates.

[0020] According to a fourth aspect, a method is provided, comprising: determining a first quasi-co-location configuration associated with a first signal and a second signal, the first quasi-co-location configuration including information about a first quasi-co-location type; providing the first quasi-co-location configuration to a user equipment to receive the first signal and the second signal; receiving from the user equipment a request for future transmissions of different quasi-co-location types to be used for the two or more signals; and providing different quasi-co-location configurations to the user equipment to receive the two or more signals.

[0021] One or more of the following features may be used in conjunction with the methods of the third or fourth aspect.

[0022] The first and second signals can be at least partially superimposed.

[0023] The third signal can be superimposed, at least partially, with one of the first and second signals.

[0024] The first quasi-colocation configuration can provide information about the set of one or more resource elements to which the first quasi-colocation configuration is applied.

[0025] According to a fifth aspect, a method is provided, comprising: receiving a quasi-colocation configuration associated with a first signal and a second signal, the quasi-colocation configuration providing information about a set of one or more resource elements to which the quasi-colocation configuration is applied; receiving the first signal and the second signal; and receiving the first signal, the second signal, and a quasi-colocation type at a channel estimator, the quasi-colocation type indicating the quasi-colocation type of each resource element between the first signal and the second signal, and for outputting a channel response.

[0026] Channel estimators can include artificial intelligence and / or machine learning channel estimators.

[0027] One or more of the first and second signals may be at least partially superimposed on the downlink data channel, and the channel estimator is used to estimate the downlink data channel.

[0028] The channel estimator can be used to receive a vector of quasi-co-location types to indicate the quasi-co-location type of each resource element between the first and second signals.

[0029] Quantization values ​​can be used to indicate the quasi-colocation type for the corresponding resource element.

[0030] A channel estimator can provide one or more of the following: channel estimation and channel state indicator estimation.

[0031] One or more of the following features may be used in combination with one or more of the first to fifth aspects.

[0032] The first and second signals can be at least partially superimposed.

[0033] Quasi-colocation configuration can provide information about a set of one or more resource elements that are at least partially shared between a first signal and a second signal to which the quasi-colocation configuration is applied.

[0034] One or more of the first and second signals may be superimposed, at least partially, with the corresponding third signal.

[0035] The third signal includes the physical downlink channel. For example, the physical downlink channel can be a data channel. For example, the physical downlink channel can be a shared channel or a dedicated channel.

[0036] A set of one or more resource elements may include: a subset of resource elements for a time slot; a set of resource elements provided in two or more time slots; or a set of resource elements for a transmission opportunity.

[0037] A first quasi-co-location configuration can be provided for the first signal and the second signal, and a second quasi-co-location configuration can be provided for the first signal and the fourth signal, the first quasi-co-location configuration and the second quasi-co-location configuration being associated with different portions of the time slot.

[0038] One or more of the first and second signals can be a reference signal.

[0039] Reference signals may include: channel state indicator reference signals, phase tracking reference signals, positioning reference signals, synchronization signals / physical broadcast channel blocks, or demodulation reference signals.

[0040] The third signal may include physical downlink shared channel transmission.

[0041] The first signal may include a channel state indicator reference signal, and the second signal includes a demodulation reference signal.

[0042] One of the first signal and the second signal can be a target signal for a quasi-co-location configuration, and the other of the first signal and the second signal can be a source signal for a quasi-co-location configuration.

[0043] One of the first and second signals can be transmitted on fewer resource elements than the other of the first and second signals.

[0044] The quasi-co-location configuration may include information about one or more of the first and second signals.

[0045] Quasi-colocation configuration can include information about one or more quasi-colocation types.

[0046] Quasi-co-location configurations can include information about the duration to which the quasi-co-location configuration is applied.

[0047] Any one or more methods can be performed by the device.

[0048] The methods of the first, third and fifth aspects can be performed by a device provided in the user equipment or by a device that is a user equipment.

[0049] The methods in the second and fourth aspects can be performed by a device provided in a user equipment or a device acting as a network access node.

[0050] The apparatus may include one or more components for performing the corresponding method.

[0051] The device may include: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the device to perform at least a corresponding method.

[0052] According to another aspect, a computer-readable medium is provided, including program instructions stored thereon for performing at least one of the methods described above.

[0053] According to one aspect, a non-transitory computer-readable medium is provided, including program instructions stored thereon for performing at least one of the methods described above.

[0054] According to one aspect, a non-volatile tangible storage medium is provided, including program instructions stored thereon for performing at least one of the methods described above.

[0055] Many different aspects have been described above. It should be understood that additional aspects can be provided through any combination of two or more of the above aspects.

[0056] Various other aspects are also described in the following detailed description and claims. Attached Figure Description

[0057] Embodiments will now be described by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 Representations of a network system according to some example embodiments are shown; Figure 2 Examples of apparatuses according to some embodiments are shown; Figure 3 The quasi-co-address QCL relationship between the source reference signal and the target reference signal is shown; Figure 4 Example signaling is shown; Figure 5 Channel estimation of some embodiments is illustrated schematically; Figure 6 The first method is shown; Figure 7 The second method is shown; Figure 8 The third method is shown; Figure 9 The fourth method is shown; and Figure 10 The fifth method is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0058] The following describes example communication environments and example devices in which the technologies described herein can be deployed. It should be understood that this is not restrictive.

[0059] The following embodiments are provided by way of non-limiting and illustrative example. Although the term "a," "an," or "some" embodiments may be referenced in several places in this disclosure, this does not necessarily mean that the same embodiment is referred to every time, or that a particular feature applies only to a single embodiment. Individual features (or corresponding portions thereof) of different embodiments may also be combined to provide other embodiments. Furthermore, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in conjunction with an embodiment, it is intended that such a feature, structure, or characteristic may be applied in conjunction with other embodiments (whether or not explicitly described).

[0060] It should be understood that although the terms "first," "second," etc., may be used in this document to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another.

[0061] As used herein, the phrases “at least one of A or B,” “at least one of A and B,” and “A and / or B” mean (A), (B), or (A and B). Similarly, the phrases “A, B, and / or C” mean (A), (B), (C), (A and B), (A and C), (B and C), or (A, B, and C).

[0062] As used herein, the term “or” means non-exclusive “or” unless otherwise stated (e.g., “otherwise” or “or in alternatives”).

[0063] As used herein, and unless explicitly stated otherwise, performing a feature, step, or function in response to A does not indicate that the feature, step, or function is performed immediately after A occurs, because one or more intermediate features, steps, or functions may be performed (at least partially) between the occurrence of the feature, step, or function and A. Similarly, performing a feature, step, or function based on A does not indicate that the feature, step, or function is performed solely based on A, because the feature, step, or function may also be based on one or more other features, steps, or functions besides A.

[0064] The embodiments described herein can be implemented in communication networks such as any of the following radio access technologies (RATs): Global Microwave Access Interoperability (WiMAX), Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM, 2G), GSM EDGE Radio Access Network (GERAN), General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Universal Mobile Telecommunications System based on Basic Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (W-CDMA) (UMTS, 3G), High-Speed ​​Packet Access (HSPA), Long Term Evolution (LTE), Advanced LTE and Enhanced LTE (eLTE), 5G (also known as NR), 6G or later. Furthermore, communication within the communication network can utilize any suitable wireless communication technology, including but not limited to: Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Duplex (FDD), Time Division Duplex (TDD), Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDM), and / or Discrete Fourier Transform Extended OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM).

[0065] As used herein, references to User Equipment (UE) will be understood as references to any suitable terminal device.

[0066] The term "terminal device" refers to any terminal device capable of wireless communication. As a non-limiting and illustrative example, a terminal device may be referred to as a communication device, UE, subscriber station (SS), or mobile station (MS). Terminal devices can include mobile phones, cellular phones, smartphones, Voice over IP (VoIP) phones, wireless local loop phones, tablet computers, wearable terminal devices, personal digital assistants (PDAs), portable computers, desktop computers, image capture terminal devices such as digital cameras, gaming terminal devices, music storage and playback facilities, in-vehicle wireless terminal devices, USB dongles, Internet of Things (IoT) devices, watches or other wearable devices, smart glasses, goggles, smart headsets, smart headphones, smart necklaces, smart earrings, head-mounted displays (HMDs), vehicles, drones, medical devices and applications (e.g., remote surgery), industrial devices and applications (e.g., robots and / or other wireless devices operating in industrial and / or automated processing chain environments), consumer electronic devices, devices operating on commercial and / or industrial wireless networks, and the like.

[0067] Figure 1 An example of a communication network to which the examples disclosed herein can be applied is shown. The communication network, or cellular communication network, may include a network access node 110 configured to provide one or more cells (such as cell 100), and a network access node 112 configured to provide one or more other cells (such as cell 102). For example, each cell may be, for example, a macrocell, microcell, femtocell, or picocell. A cell may define the coverage area or service area of ​​the corresponding node.

[0068] Network access node 110 can provide radio access to a communication network to user equipment (UE) 120 (one or more UEs). Radio access may include downlink (DL) communication from the network access node to the UE 120 and uplink (UL) communication from the UE 120 to the network node. Examples of uplink channels include the Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) for transmitting control information to the network and the Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) for transmitting data to the network. Examples of downlink channels include the Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) for transmitting control information to the user equipment and the Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) for transmitting data to the user equipment. The link is also referred to herein as a "channel".

[0069] Multiple UEs 120 and 122 can exist in the system. Each of the multiple UEs 120 and 122 can be served by the same or different network access nodes 110 and 112.

[0070] Network access nodes 110 and 112 can also be connected to the core network 202 of the communication network via another interface.

[0071] As used herein, the term "network access node" refers to a node in a communication network through which terminal devices access the network and receive services. Depending on the terminology and technology applied, a network access node can refer to a base station (BS) or access point (AP), such as a Node B (NodeB or NB), an evolved Node B (eNodeB or eNB), an NR NB (also known as a gNB), a Remote Radio Unit (RRU), a Radio Head (RH), a Remote Radio Head (RRH), a relay, an Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB) node, a low-power node (such as a femtosecond or picosecond), a non-terrestrial network (NTN) or non-terrestrial network device (such as satellite network equipment, low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites, and geostationary Earth orbit (GEO) satellites), an aircraft network device, etc. In some example embodiments, the Radio Access Network (RAN) split architecture includes a centralized unit (CU) and a distributed unit (DU) at the IAB donor node. An IAB node includes: a mobile terminal (IAB-MT) portion, which is similar to a UE to the parent node; and a DU portion of the IAB node, which is similar to a base station to the next-hop IAB node.

[0072] Signals transmitted between the UE and the network access node may experience channel effects. Signals may be affected by the radio channel response. Channel estimation is used to estimate the channel between the UE and the network access node. For example, the network access node will transmit reference signals to the UE. The UE will use these reference signals to estimate the channel between the UE and the network access node.

[0073] The following section discusses some examples of channel effects.

[0074] ● Doppler Shift: Doppler shift is the frequency shift of a radio signal relative to the movement of the receiver. For example, if a network access node transmits a radio signal at frequency "X", the radio signal can be received at frequency "Y" at the UE when the UE is moving away from or towards the network access node.

[0075] ● Doppler spread: Doppler spread involves the widening of the spectrum of a narrowband signal transmitted through a multipath propagation channel. Doppler spread occurs when there is relative motion between the transmitter and receiver due to the different Doppler frequency shifts associated with the multiple propagation paths.

[0076] ●Average Delay: When a signal is transmitted from multiple antennas, it reaches the receiver via multiple paths reflected from surrounding clutter. This is called multipath transmission. In a multipath scenario, the average time taken to receive all the multipath components at the receiver is called the average delay.

[0077] ● Delay spread: Delay spread refers to the difference between the arrival time of the earliest significant multipath component (which may include line-of-sight (LOS) components) and the arrival time of the last multipath component.

[0078] ● Spatial receiver parameters: Spatial receiver parameters refer to the beamforming properties of downlink received signals, such as the main angle of arrival and average angle of arrival at the UE.

[0079] There exists a situation where at least one channel condition experienced by one signal is similar to at least one channel condition experienced by another signal. In this case, when determining the parameters used for transmission and / or reception, the network access node and / or UE can utilize this similarity by grouping the “similar” signals together, such that at least some common set of transmission and / or reception parameters are used within that group of signals. Such grouping of signals for this purpose is sometimes referred to as quasi-co-addressable (QCL).

[0080] Various combinations of these channel conditions have been grouped together to form various quasi-co-located QCL types. For example, QCL-Type A refers to a QCL that includes Doppler shift, Doppler spread, average delay, and delay spread; QCL-Type B refers to a QCL that includes Doppler shift and Doppler spread; QCL-Type C refers to a QCL that includes average delay and Doppler shift; and QCL-Type D refers to a QCL that includes spatial parameters. Of course, other and / or alternative QCL types may exist.

[0081] These QCL types indicate how similar the channel conditions are for two different signals, and QCL types are used by the UE to improve the detection of signals of interest. For example, the UE can combine two signals to better estimate the channel response of data associated with one of the QCL signals.

[0082] In the following examples, two or more signals can be at least partially superimposed.

[0083] Two or more signals may be set on one or more resource elements that are at least partially shared by the two or more signals.

[0084] One or more of the two or more signals may be a reference signal. In some embodiments, the two or more signals may be reference signals. The reference signal may sometimes be referred to as a pilot signal. However, the term "reference signal" will be used herein.

[0085] In some embodiments, when two signals are reference signals, one or more additional signals may be at least partially superimposed on one of the two reference signals. In some embodiments, each reference signal may be at least partially superimposed on one or more corresponding additional signals.

[0086] One or more identical resource elements can be used to transmit signals that are at least partially superimposed.

[0087] A resource element can be viewed as a time-frequency resource on a subcarrier of a single OFDM symbol.

[0088] For two or more signals, one or more transmitting antennas may be the same or different.

[0089] For two or more signals, one or more receiving antennas may be the same or different.

[0090] The reference signal can be a Channel State Indicator Reference Signal (CSI RS), a Phase Tracking Reference Signal (PT-RS), a Position Reference Signal (PRS), a Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS), a Synchronization Signal / Physical Broadcast Channel (SS / PBCH), a block, or any other reference signal.

[0091] CSI RS is a downlink reference signal used by UEs to measure various radio channel quality metrics, such as Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP), Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), Signal-to-Interference-Noise Ratio (SINR), etc.

[0092] DRMS or PDSCH-DMRS is used to decode PDSCH.

[0093] In some embodiments, the two reference signals may be considered to be at least partially superimposed. For example, the two reference signals may be provided at least partially on a shared resource element.

[0094] In one example, DMRS is at least partially superimposed with PDSCH data and one or more RS signals (e.g., CSIRS). The UE can use both reference signals for channel estimation. Therefore, this can improve the quality of PDSCH reception. It should be understood that although the following example superimposes CSI RS and DMRS, different combinations of reference signals can be used in different examples.

[0095] It should be understood that in some examples, one of the reference signals may be superimposed on the data of the PDSCH channel. It should also be understood that some embodiments may be used in conjunction with one or more other downlink channels.

[0096] Combining two superimposed RS (e.g., DMRS and CSI RS) can be based on how similar the channel and interference conditions of the two signals are. Otherwise, if it is not a coherent combination of two superimposed reference signals, the UE will blindly perform coherent combination with a mixed result.

[0097] To achieve coherent combination, the UE may consider one or more of the following: The sources of two signals, i.e., the spatial correlation between the two signals: The bandwidth of the signal; The duration and period of the signal; The time and frequency density of the signal; and / or Channel selectivity of two signals in the time and frequency domains.

[0098] Some embodiments may provide a framework or configuration for assisting the UE in combining different types of overlay RS (e.g., DMRS and CSI RS) for DL ​​channel (e.g., PDSCH) reception. In some embodiments, a QCL configuration is used to associate different portions of the overlay signal.

[0099] For example, when configuring DL channel transmission and the corresponding reference signal, QCL types and signals can be provided for the set of reference signal resource elements (REs) used for overlay. QCL types and signals can be configured on a per-resource-element (RE) basis. The set of REs can include a subset of resource elements for a time slot. The set of REs can include multiple REs for two or more time slots. The set of REs can include a set of REs for transmission opportunities.

[0100] The QCL configuration used for correlating different portions of the reference signal for superposition can improve DL channel estimation and subsequent data reception quality. In this case, when configuring DL transmission and the corresponding SIRS transmission, the QCL type and signal of the set of REs for the superimposed reference signal SIRS can be provided.

[0101] In some embodiments, different QCLs may be associated with different portions or locations of the reference signal within the same time slot.

[0102] In some examples, for instance, the QCL type and signal can change from one DL transmission to another in a single transmission, and a set of different REs of the SI RS can be QCLed with one reference signal, while in a subsequent transmission they can be QCLed with another DL reference signal.

[0103] If the QCL type is unsatisfactory, the UE can request a different QCL scheme and / or signal modification from the base station (e.g., gNB) for future (re)transmissions. For example, the UE can request a different QCL scheme for future DL channel transmission opportunities.

[0104] In some embodiments, the QCL configuration can aid in acquiring the DL reference signal. In this case, when (re)configuring the RS feedback, different QCL types and signals for different RE sets for the DL RS can be provided.

[0105] Some implementations can provide a valid QCL window. This allows you to define the time period during which the QCL configuration is valid.

[0106] Network access nodes can configure a QCL validity window value W, which defines the period during which the signaled QCL configuration remains valid. The validity window can be represented by time (e.g., seconds), number of symbols, number of time slots, etc.

[0107] In some embodiments, the QCL relationship can be used as long as the reception of the relevant channel (e.g., PDSCH / PDCCH) is no later than W+R, where R is the time when the QCL configuration is received.

[0108] In other embodiments, the QCL relationship can be used as long as the reception of the relevant channel is no later than W. In this example, the effective window value effectively takes into account the time when the QCL configuration is received.

[0109] In some embodiments, the value of W can be provided by one or more information elements. For example, the value of W can be conveyed by an IE. The IE can provide the duration for the SI QCL.

[0110] In some embodiments, information regarding QCL types is provided for SI DMRS. In some examples, when configuring PDSCH transmissions and corresponding DMRS, QCL types and signals for a set of SI DMRS resource elements (REs) can be provided. Some embodiments may provide RE-specific QCLs for SI DMRS. Different QCL types may be associated with different portions (locations) of the SI DMRS within the same time slot.

[0111] This can be used to improve PDSCH / PDCCH channel estimation and subsequent data reception quality. When configuring PDSCH transmission and the corresponding SI DMRS mode, a QCL type for SI DMRS can be provided.

[0112] For example, SI DMRS configuration or reconfiguration can provide QCL types for a set of one or more resource elements. SI DMRS configuration or reconfiguration can indicate the REs for which QCL types can be provided.

[0113] SI DMRS configuration or reconfiguration can provide information about one or more of the SI DMRS type and SI DMRS location.

[0114] The PDSCH configuration can provide one or more of the following information: SI-DMRS type; SI-DMRS location; QCL source RS and position (this is a reference signal superimposed with SI-DMRS), such as SI CSI RS index K; and / or QCL type: For example, type B.

[0115] It should be understood that in some embodiments, the QCL configuration may be provided as part of the associated channel configuration, in this example, which may be the PDSCH. In other embodiments, the QCL configuration may be provided separately.

[0116] In some embodiments, a given instance of SI DMRS can be QCLed with one or more signals. One or more other signals can be one or more other SI DMRS ports and / or other superimposed reference signals.

[0117] For example, SI DMRS position X can be QCL: Type A with SI DMRS position X-1; Type B with SI DMRS position XK; Type A with SI DMRS port Y; Type A has SI CSI RS index U.

[0118] The effective window W may depend on one or more of the following: The duration of SI DMRS; and / or Parameter set (generates symbol duration).

[0119] SI DMRS QCL configuration can be SI DMRS position 1, RE element {a, b, c} {QCL type x, QCL source signal m} SI DMRS position 2, RE element {d, e, f} {QCL type y, QCL source signal n} Duration of the effective window for SI QCL {value} Note that since SI DMRS transmissions can occupy an entire PDSCH time slot—that is, all REs are occupied by both data and DMRS—QCL can be configured at the symbol level rather than the SI DMRS instance level. This means that SI DMRS REs from different sets can be QCLed with other reference signals from different sets, such as... Figure 3 As shown. In Figure 3 In this example, a first QCL relationship exists between the first set of SIP DMRS and the first SI CSI RS, labeled 400. A second QCL relationship exists between the second set of SIP DMRS and the second SI CSI RS, labeled 402. In this example, the SI DMRS occupy a full time slot.

[0120] In some embodiments, the QCL configuration can assist in the acquisition of DL CSI. This configuration can define a QCL specific to the RE set for SI CSIRS.

[0121] To assist in DL CSI acquisition, when (re)configuring the CSI feedback type, a QCL type for SI CSI RS can be provided.

[0122] For example, SI CSI RS resource configuration can be based on RE sets to configure one or more QCL types for SI CSI RS. SI CSI RS resource configuration can provide QCL configuration. SI CSI RS resource configuration can include one or more of the following: SI CSI RS resource identifier; QCL types, such as type C; and / or QCL source RS and position (this is a reference signal superimposed on SI CSI RS, such as SI DMRS index v).

[0123] If the SI CSI RS covers two or more downlink channels, such as (potentially two or more UEs') PDSCH / PDCCH, then the same SI CSI RS signal can be QCLed with two or more DMRS and SI-DMRS. For example, different sets of REs for the SI CSI RS can be QCLed with different sources: SI CSI RS QCL SI CSI RS index, RE element {a, b, c} {QCL type x, QCL source signal m} SI CSI RS index, RE element {d, e, f} {QCL type y, QCL source signal n} As mentioned earlier, an effective time window can be provided.

[0124] Alternatively, the SI CSI RS port X can be QCL-connected with the SSB to obtain RSRP measurement information and to support beamforming. This could be useful for frequency ranges such as FR2 (above 24 GHz), upper mid-band, or FR3 (7 GHz to 24 GHz) and / or other frequency ranges.

[0125] refer to Figure 4 It illustrates the signal flow of some embodiments.

[0126] As shown in Figure 1, a network access node can determine the QCL type for a set of one or more resource elements. This determination is made for a first reference signal and defines the location where the QCL type is applied to the first reference signal. This location defines one or more resource elements. The determination also defines a second reference signal. Multiple indices of the second reference signal will be determined. The first reference signal can be considered as a target signal, and the second reference signal can be considered as a source signal.

[0127] In one example, as described above, the first reference signal is the DMRS, and the second reference signal is the SI CSI RS. The network access node can determine the SI DMRS mode, including one or more REs assigned to the SI DMRS. The network access node can determine which SI DMRS REs perform QCL with the other signal, and define the QCL type and signal at the RE set level. The duration of QCL information application can be defined.

[0128] For example, a QCL configuration such as the one defined below can be determined: SI DMRS QCL SI DMRS position 1, RE element {a, b, c} {QCL type x, QCL source signal m} SI DMRS position 2, RE element {d, e, f} {QCL type y, QCL source signal n} For the duration of SI QCL (e.g., valid window information) {value} In another example, the first reference signal could be SI CSI RS, and the second signal could be DMRS, again as discussed previously. For example, a QCL configuration such as the one defined below could be determined: SI CSI RS index, RE element {a, b, c} {QCL type x, QCL source signal m} SI CSI RS index, RE element {d, e, f} {QCL type y, QCL source signal n} For the duration of SI QCL (e.g., valid window information) {value} As shown in Figure 2, the network access node will provide the UE with the QCL configuration at the RE level. The QCL configuration can be provided in a configuration or reconfiguration message. The QCL configuration can also be provided in a Radio Resource Control (RRC) message. Alternatively, the QCL configuration can be provided as part of the Downlink Control Information (DCI).

[0129] As shown in Figure 3, the network access node transmits a downlink channel with a first superimposed reference signal and a second superimposed reference signal. For example, PDSCH is transmitted together with DMRS and CIS-RS.

[0130] As shown in Figure 4, the UE applies a QCL configuration to process one or more of the first reference signal, the second reference signal, and the DL channel. This processing may be discussed later.

[0131] Optionally, the UE can evaluate the results of using the indicated QCL.

[0132] Optionally, as shown in Figure 5, the UE can provide feedback to the network access node regarding the result of using the indicated QCL, or request a different QCL scheme. This will be described in detail later. Different QCL schemes can, for example, be used for the next transmission opportunity on the downlink channel.

[0133] The UE can enhance channel estimation accuracy by using RE set-specific QCL relationships, as well as source and target RS signals, in the channel estimator and / or receiver. The channel estimator is used to estimate the channel associated with one or more SI reference signals. For example, the channel estimator is used to estimate the PDSCH and / or PDCCH. The channel estimator can be an artificial intelligence and / or machine learning channel estimator, referred to below as an AI / ML channel estimator. For example, an AI / ML channel estimator can be implemented by one or more of deep neural networks, convolutional neural networks (CNNs), residual networks (ResNets), etc.

[0134] refer to Figure 5 The diagram schematically illustrates an AI / ML channel estimator 500. The AI / ML channel estimator receives a first SI reference signal (which is for a target signal of the corresponding QCL type) as a first input 502. Figure 5 In the example, the first signal is SI DMRS, but in other embodiments it can be a different SI RS, such as SI CSI RS.

[0135] The AI / ML channel estimator receives a second SI reference signal (which is a source signal for the corresponding QCL type) as a second input 504. Figure 5 In the example, the second signal is SI CSI RS, but in other embodiments it can be a different SIRS, such as SI DMRS.

[0136] The AI / ML channel estimator receives QCL type information associated with a first reference signal and a second reference signal corresponding to the RE as a third input 504. For example, the QCL type information can be provided as a vector indicating the QCL type of each RE between the target signal and the source signal. For example, the QCL type can be indicated for each RE.

[0137] QCL types can be quantized as follows:

[0138] As shown by reference numeral 508 in the attached figure, the channel estimator can output a channel response for a DL channel. The DL channel can be, for example, a PDSCH.

[0139] The channel estimator can provide channel estimation and / or CSI estimation.

[0140] Therefore, QCL configuration can be used to estimate the channel. Channel estimation facilitates subsequent data decoding for the DL channel.

[0141] CSI-RS can be used for channel estimation purposes. The network access node can transmit CSI-RS for all CSI-RS ports. The UE's channel estimator 500 then uses the received signal to estimate the DL channel. The UE can compress the estimated channel by following a Type I codebook, a Type II codebook, or an AI / ML-based encoder and share the compressed CSI with the network access node in the CSI feedback. The network access node then processes the received / compressed CSI and determines appropriate precoding.

[0142] AI / ML channel estimators can be trained using a loss function.

[0143] The loss function can be provided by the channel estimation error. This channel estimation error can be any suitable error. For example, the channel estimation error can be the mean square error, etc.

[0144] Alternatively or additionally, the loss function can be provided by the bit reconstruction error. The bit reconstruction error can be provided by binary cross-entropy, etc.

[0145] The UE can use a channel estimator to determine whether the QCL is the correct QCL type. Alternatively or additionally, the UE can use one or more other receiver blocks to determine whether the QCL is the correct QCL type. The one or more other receiver blocks may include one or more demappers and / or decoders.

[0146] In some embodiments, the UE can perform a QCL type check by determining whether the error rate (e.g., block error rate BLER) for the received DL channel (e.g., PDSCH) is higher than a defined threshold. If the error rate is higher than the threshold, this indicates that a different QCL type may provide better results.

[0147] In some embodiments, the UE can perform a QCL type check by determining whether the bit reconstruction error rate for the received DL channel (e.g., PDSCH) is higher than a defined threshold. If the error rate is higher than the threshold, this indicates that a different QCL type may provide better results.

[0148] In some embodiments, the UE may perform two or more of channel estimation, equalization, demodulation, and decoding to provide an output. The UE may, for example, determine the error rate associated with the output at the output of a low-density parity-check (LDPC) decoder. If the error rate is greater than a certain value, the UE anticipates the current signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR). If the error rate is consistently low for a defined number of consecutive subframes, the UE may request a QCL change.

[0149] In some embodiments, the UE can perform QCL type checking by estimating channels with and without QCL type information. For example, the UE will estimate channels using a combination of SI DMRS and SI CSI RS, and without a combination of SI DMRS and SI ICSI RS. The UE will then evaluate whether the Doppler and / or delay spread are similar between the two channel estimates. Similarity will indicate the correct QCL type. If the Doppler and / or delay spread are not similar, this will indicate that a different QCL type can provide better results.

[0150] In some embodiments, the UE can perform a QCL type check by estimating two or more of the following: a CSI-RS channel without QCL type information, a DMRS channel without QCL type information, and a DMRS channel with QCL information. The UE then evaluates whether the Doppler and / or delay spread are similar between the two or more channel estimates. Similarity indicates the correct QCL type. If the Doppler and / or delay spread are dissimilar, this indicates that a different QCL type may provide better results.

[0151] In some embodiments, when the UE determines that a QCL type is unsuitable or that a different QCL type can provide better results, the UE may send a request to the network access node to use a different QCL type. Optionally, at least some information determined by the UE to determine that the current QCL type is unsatisfactory may be sent to the network access node. Optionally, the UE may determine a QCL type that the UE considers more satisfactory, and the UE may request that the QCL type be applied to future transmissions.

[0152] In the previously described example embodiment, the reference signal has already been transmitted in the DL. Other embodiments may be used at the network access node. In this case, one or more reference signals may be transmitted by the UE, and data may be transmitted on the UL channel.

[0153] refer to Figures 6 to 10 It illustrates some methods of some embodiments.

[0154] Each method can be performed by a device. The device may include suitable components, such as circuitry for providing the corresponding method. Additionally or alternatively, the device may include at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the device to at least provide the corresponding method. Additionally or alternatively, the device may include, for example, regarding... Figure 2 The methods discussed can be provided by computer program code or computer executable instructions.

[0155] Figure 6 , Figure 8 and Figure 10 The method can be performed by a device. The device can be a user equipment or can be provided in a user equipment.

[0156] Figure 7 and Figure 9 The method can be performed by a device. This device can be a radio access node or can be provided within a radio access node.

[0157] refer to Figure 6 .

[0158] The method includes, as shown in A1, receiving a quasi-colocation configuration associated with a first signal and a second signal, the quasi-colocation configuration providing information about a set of one or more resource elements to which the quasi-colocation configuration is applied.

[0159] The method includes, as shown in A2, receiving a first signal and a second signal.

[0160] The method includes, as shown in A3, using a quasi-co-located configuration to process one or more of the first and second signals.

[0161] refer to Figure 7 .

[0162] The method may include, as shown in B1, determining a quasi-colocation configuration associated with a first signal and a second signal, the quasi-colocation configuration providing information about a set of one or more resource elements to which the quasi-colocation configuration is applied.

[0163] The method may include, as shown in B2, providing a quasi-co-address configuration to a user equipment that is to receive a first signal and a second signal.

[0164] refer to Figure 8 .

[0165] The method may include, as shown in C1, receiving a first quasi-co-location configuration associated with a first signal and a second signal, the first quasi-co-location configuration including information about a first quasi-co-location type.

[0166] The method may include, as shown in C2, determining which quasi-colocation types should be requested.

[0167] The method may include, as shown in C3, requesting different quasi-co-location types to be used for future transmissions of two or more signals in response to determining that different quasi-co-location types are to be requested.

[0168] refer to Figure 9 .

[0169] The method may include, as shown in D1, determining a first quasi-co-location configuration associated with a first signal and a second signal, the first quasi-co-location configuration including information about a first quasi-co-location type.

[0170] The method may include, as shown in D2, providing a first quasi-co-address configuration to a user equipment that is to receive a first signal and a second signal.

[0171] The method may include, as shown in D3, receiving from the user equipment a request for future transmissions of different quasi-co-location types to be used for two or more signals.

[0172] The method may include, as shown in D4, providing different quasi-co-address configurations to user equipment that needs to receive two or more signals.

[0173] refer to Figure 10 .

[0174] The method may include, as shown in E1, receiving a quasi-colocation configuration associated with a first signal and a second signal, the quasi-colocation configuration providing information about a set of one or more resource elements to which the quasi-colocation configuration is applied.

[0175] The method may include, as shown in E2, receiving a first signal and a second signal.

[0176] The method may include, as shown in E3, receiving a first signal, a second signal, and a quasi-co-location type at a channel estimator, the quasi-co-location type indicating the quasi-co-location type of each resource element between the first signal and the second signal, and for outputting a channel response.

[0177] It should be understood that, regarding Figures 6 to 10Any method described can be modified to include one or more features (or their corresponding portions) discussed in the previous examples.

[0178] Although the device has been described as a single entity, different modules and memories can be implemented in one or more physical or logical entities.

[0179] Note that while some embodiments have been described with respect to 5G and 6G networks and higher, similar principles can be applied to other networks and communication systems. Therefore, although some embodiments have been described above by way of non-limiting and illustrative examples, with reference to certain example architectures for wireless networks, technologies, and standards, these embodiments can be applied to any other suitable form of communication system besides those shown and described herein.

[0180] It should also be noted in this document that although embodiments have been described above, several changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0181] Figure 2 A block diagram of apparatus 10 is shown by way of non-limiting and illustrative example. Apparatus 10 includes, for example, at least one processor 12 and at least one memory 14 storing instructions 15, which, when executed by the at least one processor, cause apparatus 10 to perform at least one or more methods (or portions thereof) as disclosed herein, and any embodiments (or corresponding portions thereof). In the example, at least one memory and instructions are configured, together with at least one processor, to cause apparatus 10 to perform one or more methods (or portions thereof) as disclosed herein, and any embodiments (or corresponding portions thereof).

[0182] The processor 12 may include circuitry, or be configured as one or more circuits, which are configured to perform various stages of the method according to the embodiments described herein.

[0183] As used herein, the term "circuit" may refer to one or more or all of the following: (a) a hardware circuit implementation (such as an implementation in analog, digital, and / or quantum circuits); and (b) a combination of (multiple) hardware circuits and software, such as (if applicable): (i) a combination of (multiple) analog, digital, and / or quantum hardware circuits and software / firmware; and (ii) any or all portions of (multiple) hardware processors having software (including (multiple) digital and / or quantum processors, and (multiple) memories, which work together to enable a device (such as a mobile device, user device, computing device, or server) to perform various functions); and (c) any or all portions of (multiple) hardware circuits that require software (e.g., firmware) for operation, such as (multiple) microprocessors, (multiple) processors, and / or (multiple) quantum processors, but where the software may be absent when operation does not require it. This definition of circuit applies to all uses of the term herein (including any claims). As another example, as used herein, the term "circuit" also covers only hardware circuitry or processors (or processors), or a portion of hardware circuitry or processors and their accompanying software and / or firmware. For example, if applicable to certain claim elements, the term "circuit" also covers baseband integrated circuits or processor integrated circuits for mobile devices or similar integrated circuits in servers, cellular network devices or other computing or networking devices.

[0184] The memory 14 can be implemented using any suitable data storage technology. The memory may include a database for storing data. The memory 14 may be, for example, at least partially external to the device 10, but accessible by the device 10.

[0185] Instruction 15 may be included in a computer-readable medium or a non-transitory computer-readable medium. As used herein, the term “non-transitory” is a limitation on the medium itself (i.e., tangible, not tactile) rather than on the persistence of data storage (e.g., random access memory RAM versus read-only memory ROM).

[0186] For example, device 10 may be implemented as a UE, including a UE, or provided in a UE. The device may include a chipset. Device 10 may be caused or configured to perform at least... Figure 6 , Figure 8 or Figure 10 And / or the methods of any one or more embodiments described herein.

[0187] For example, device 10 may be implemented as a network access node, include a network access node, or be provided in a network access node. The device may include a chipset. Device 10 may be caused or configured to at least perform... Figure 7 or Figure 9And / or the methods of any one or more embodiments described herein.

[0188] Device 10 optionally includes a radio interface 16. Radio interface 16 can provide communication capabilities to device 10. Radio interface 16 may include a receiver configured to receive information according to at least one cellular or non-cellular standard. Radio interface 16 may include a transmitter configured to transmit information according to at least one cellular or non-cellular standard. Receivers may include more than one receiver. Transmitters may include more than one transmitter. Radio interface 16 may include a transceiver configured to receive and transmit information according to at least one cellular or non-cellular standard. Transceivers may include more than one transceiver.

[0189] Device 10 may optionally include interface 18 (e.g., user interface), which includes at least one of, for example, a keyboard, microphone, touchscreen, display, speaker, etc. Interface 18 (e.g., user interface) can be used to control the device by a user. Interface 18 (e.g., user interface) may be external to device 10. For example, device 10 may be connected to another device, such as a computer, via a wireless or wired connection, and device 10 may be controlled via the computer.

[0190] In embodiments, at least some of the processes described herein may be performed by means including components for performing at least some of the processes described herein. Components for performing the method steps disclosed herein may include software and / or hardware components of apparatus 10. For example, at least one processor 12, memory 14, and computer program code form components for performing one or more methods (or portions thereof) disclosed herein, as well as any embodiments (or corresponding portions thereof).

[0191] As used herein, the term "component" should be interpreted in the singular form, referring to a single element, or in the plural form, referring to a combination of single elements. Therefore, the term "component for [performing A, B, C]" should be interpreted to encompass an apparatus in which only one component exists for performing A, B, and C, or in which separate components exist for performing A, B, and C, or in which partially or completely overlapping components exist for performing A, B, and C. Furthermore, the terms "component for performing A," "component for performing B," and "component for performing C" should be interpreted to encompass an apparatus in which only one component exists for performing A, B, and C, or in which separate components exist for performing A, B, and C, or in which partially or completely overlapping components exist for performing A, B, and C.

[0192] Although various embodiments of this disclosure have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings in a non-limiting and illustrative manner, it is clear that the scope of this disclosure is not limited thereto, and that it can be modified in many different ways. As technology advances, it will become apparent to those skilled in the art how certain embodiments of this disclosure can be further implemented and / or modified in various ways. Furthermore, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that any embodiment (or portions thereof) described herein may, but is not required to, be combined in various ways with any other embodiment (or portions thereof) described herein.

[0193] Furthermore, the various implementations of this disclosure can be described with reference to the following terms, and their features can be combined in any reasonable manner.

[0194] Clause 1. An apparatus comprising: means for receiving a first quasi-co-location configuration associated with a first signal and a second signal, the first quasi-co-location configuration including information about a first quasi-co-location type; means for determining a different quasi-co-location type to be requested; and means for requesting, in response to determining that a different quasi-co-location type to be requested, a different quasi-co-location type to be used for future transmissions of two or more signals.

[0195] Clause 2. The apparatus according to Clause 1, wherein the two or more signals include one or more of the first signal and the second signal.

[0196] Clause 3. The apparatus according to Clause 1 or 2 includes components for receiving a second quasi-co-location configuration for the two or more signals, and components for receiving the two or more signals, the second quasi-co-location configuration including information about the different quasi-co-location types.

[0197] Clause 4. The apparatus according to any of the preceding clauses includes components for processing one or more of the first signal and the second signal based on the first quasi-colocation type; and components for processing one or more of the two or more signals based on the different quasi-colocation types.

[0198] Clause 5. The apparatus according to Clause 4, wherein the component for processing is used for one or more of the following: performing channel estimation; performing channel state indicator estimation; decoding one or more of the following: the first signal, the second signal, one or more additional signals transmitted together with one or more of the first signal and the second signal, one or more of the two or more signals, or one or more additional signals transmitted together with one or more of the two or more signals.

[0199] Clause 6. The apparatus according to any of the preceding clauses, wherein the component for determining is further configured to determine the different quasi-colocation type to be requested, and the component for requesting is further configured to request that the determined different type be used for the future transmission of one or more of the two or more signals.

[0200] Clause 7. The apparatus according to any of the preceding clauses, wherein the component for determining a different quasi-colocation type to be requested is configured to: determine that one or more of the first signal and the second signal are associated with a first error rate higher than a first threshold; and in response to determining that the first error rate is higher than the first threshold, determine that the different quasi-colocation type to be requested.

[0201] Clause 8. The apparatus according to any of the preceding clauses, wherein the component for determining that a different quasi-colocation type is to be requested is configured to: determine that one or more of the first signal and the second signal are associated with a channel estimation error rate higher than a second threshold; and in response to determining that the channel estimation error rate is higher than the second threshold, determine that the different quasi-colocation type is to be requested.

[0202] Clause 9. An apparatus according to any of the preceding clauses, comprising a low-density parity decoder, wherein the component for determining a different quasi-colocation type to be requested is configured to: determine that a second error rate at the output of the low-density parity decoder is higher than a third threshold; and in response to determining that the second error rate is higher than the third threshold, determine that the different quasi-colocation type to be requested.

[0203] Clause 10. The apparatus according to any of the preceding clauses, wherein the component for determining that a different quasi-colocation type is to be requested is configured to: determine that one or more of the first signal and the second signal are associated with a bit reconstruction error rate higher than a fourth threshold; and in response to determining that the bit reconstruction error rate is higher than the fourth threshold, determine that the different quasi-colocation type is to be requested.

[0204] Clause 11. The apparatus according to any of the preceding clauses, wherein the component for determining that a different quasi-colocation type is to be requested is configured to: determine a first channel estimate by using the first quasi-colocation type to estimate the channel associated with one or more of the first signal and the second signal; determine a second channel estimate by not using the first quasi-colocation type to estimate the channel associated with one or more of the first signal and the second signal; and determine that the different quasi-colocation type is to be requested based on the first channel estimate and the second channel estimate.

[0205] Clause 12. The apparatus according to any of the preceding clauses, wherein the first signal and the second signal are at least partially superimposed, the third signal is at least partially superimposed with one of the first signal and the second signal, and the first quasi-co-location configuration provides information about a set of one or more resource elements to which the first quasi-co-location configuration is applied.

[0206] Clause 13. A method comprising: receiving a first quasi-co-location configuration associated with a first signal and a second signal, the first quasi-co-location configuration including information about a first quasi-co-location type; determining that a different quasi-co-location type is to be requested; and, in response to determining that a different quasi-co-location type is to be requested, requesting that the different quasi-co-location type be used for future transmissions of two or more signals.

[0207] Clause 14. An apparatus comprising: means for determining a first quasi-co-location configuration associated with a first signal and a second signal, the first quasi-co-location configuration including information about a first quasi-co-location type; means for providing the first quasi-co-location configuration to a user equipment to receive the first signal and the second signal; means for receiving from the user equipment a request for future transmissions of two or more signals of different quasi-co-location types; and means for providing different quasi-co-location configurations to the user equipment to receive the two or more signals.

[0208] Clause 15. A method comprising: determining a first quasi-co-location configuration associated with a first signal and a second signal, the first quasi-co-location configuration including information about a first quasi-co-location type; providing the first quasi-co-location configuration to a user equipment to receive the first signal and the second signal; receiving from the user equipment a request for future transmissions of different quasi-co-location types to be used for the two or more signals; and providing different quasi-co-location configurations to the user equipment to receive the two or more signals.

Claims

1. An apparatus for quasi-co-location, comprising: A component for receiving a first quasi-co-location configuration associated with a first signal and a second signal, the first quasi-co-location configuration including information about a first quasi-co-location type; Used to determine the components to be requested for different quasi-co-location types; as well as A component used to request different quasi-colocation types for future transmission of two or more signals in response to determining that different quasi-colocation types are to be requested.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the two or more signals include one or more of the first signal and the second signal.

3. The apparatus of claim 1 or 2, comprising means for receiving a second quasi-co-location configuration for the two or more signals, and means for receiving the two or more signals, the second quasi-co-location configuration including information about the different quasi-co-location types.

4. The apparatus of claim 1 or 2, comprising components for processing one or more of the first signal and the second signal based on the first quasi-colocation type; and components for processing one or more of the two or more signals based on the different quasi-colocation types.

5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the component for processing is configured to: perform channel estimation; perform channel state indicator estimation; decode one or more of the following: the first signal, the second signal, one or more additional signals transmitted together with one or more of the first signal and the second signal, one or more of the two or more signals, or one or more additional signals transmitted together with one or more of the two or more signals.

6. The apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein the component for determining is further configured to determine the different quasi-colocation types to be requested, and the component for requesting is further configured to request that the determined different types be used for the future transmission of one or more of the two or more signals.

7. The apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein the component for determining that a different quasi-colocation type is to be requested is configured to: determine that one or more of the first signal and the second signal are associated with a first error rate higher than a first threshold; and determine that the different quasi-colocation type is to be requested in response to determining that the first error rate is higher than the first threshold.

8. The apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein the component for determining that a different quasi-colocation type is to be requested is configured to: determine that one or more of the first signal and the second signal are associated with a channel estimation error rate higher than a second threshold; and determine that the different quasi-colocation type is to be requested in response to determining that the channel estimation error rate is higher than the second threshold.

9. The apparatus of claim 1 or 2, comprising a low-density parity decoder, wherein the component for determining a different quasi-colocation type to be requested is configured to: determine that a second error rate at the output of the low-density parity decoder is higher than a third threshold; and in response to determining that the second error rate is higher than the third threshold, determine that the different quasi-colocation type to be requested.

10. The apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein the component for determining that a different quasi-colocation type is to be requested is configured to: determine that one or more of the first signal and the second signal are associated with a bit reconstruction error rate higher than a fourth threshold; and in response to determining that the bit reconstruction error rate is higher than the fourth threshold, determine that the different quasi-colocation type is to be requested.

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