Loudspeaker and diffuser therefor

Abstract

This invention discloses a loudspeaker and its diffuser. The diffuser includes a diffuser body and a fixing ring surrounding the diffuser body. The diffuser body has multiple sound-permeable holes formed by perforation, extending from the front surface to the rear surface of the diffuser body. The multiple sound-permeable holes include a first sound-permeable hole, multiple second sound-permeable holes, and multiple third sound-permeable holes. The first sound-permeable hole is located in the center of the diffuser body; the second sound-permeable holes are located between the outer peripheral edge of the diffuser body and the fixing ring, and are spaced apart along the circumference of the diffuser body; the multiple third sound-permeable holes are located between the first sound-permeable holes and the edge of the diffuser body, and are spaced apart along the circumference and / or diameter of the diffuser body. This loudspeaker's diffuser helps to widen the directivity of sound in the high-frequency range, improve the upper limit of high-frequency extension and resolution, eliminate acoustic standing waves and interference distortion, and significantly optimize high-frequency acoustic performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a loudspeaker and its diffuser. Background Technology

[0002] A diffuser plays a crucial role in the high-frequency sound quality, soundstage width, and listening range of a loudspeaker. Typically, tweeters require a diffuser, which illuminates the front of the diaphragm and regulates the tweeter's sound dispersion performance. Conventional tweeter diffusers often employ a regular grid structure, with thin ribs dividing the sound into regular sound transmission channels. This grid-structure diffuser has a fixed scattering angle for high-frequency sound waves, resulting in a significant acoustic blind zone, a narrow listening range, and severe high-frequency attenuation and timbre distortion away from the center area. Furthermore, this grid-structure diffuser has a single dimension of sound wave reflection and diffraction, resulting in weak resolution and diffusion of ultra-high-frequency sound waves, limited high-frequency upper limit extension, and poor detail reproduction. This grid-structure diffuser is prone to fixed-phase sound wave interference and standing wave superposition, leading to high-frequency harmonic distortion, a dry timbre, and poor soundstage uniformity.

[0003] The information disclosed in the background section is only intended to enhance the understanding of the background of this application, and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a diffuser for a loudspeaker, which helps to broaden the directivity of sound in the high-frequency range, improve the upper limit of high-frequency extension and resolution, eliminate acoustic standing waves and interference distortion, and significantly optimize high-frequency acoustic performance. This invention also provides a loudspeaker with the above-mentioned diffuser, which has superior high-frequency acoustic performance.

[0005] The present invention adopts the following technical solution: A loudspeaker diffuser includes a diffuser body and a fixing ring surrounding the diffuser body. The diffuser body has a plurality of sound-permeable holes formed by a perforation process, the sound-permeable holes extending from the front surface of the diffuser body to its rear surface. The plurality of sound-permeable holes include a first sound-permeable hole, a plurality of second sound-permeable holes, and a plurality of third sound-permeable holes. The first sound-permeable hole is located in the middle of the diffuser body. The second sound-permeable holes are located between the outer peripheral edge of the diffuser body and the fixing ring, and the plurality of second sound-permeable holes are spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the diffuser body. The plurality of third sound-permeable holes are located between the first sound-permeable holes and the edge of the diffuser body, and the plurality of third sound-permeable holes are spaced apart along the circumferential direction and / or the diametrical direction of the diffuser body.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment, in the orthographic projection of the diffuser onto a plane perpendicular to the vibration axis of the loudspeaker, the plurality of sound holes are distributed according to a pattern obtained by circular inversion of the Sierpinski square, with the inversion center located inside the square.

[0007] In another preferred embodiment, in the orthographic projection of the diffuser onto a plane perpendicular to the vibration axis of the loudspeaker, the plurality of sound holes are distributed according to a pattern obtained by circular inversion of the deformed pattern of the Sierpinski square, with the inversion center located inside the deformed pattern. The deformed pattern of the Sierpinski square includes nine units arranged in a 3×3 array. The central unit has a square central through hole in the middle. Each peripheral unit of the central unit includes four first through holes, which are located at the four vertices of a square pattern. Each first through hole is L-shaped. Each peripheral unit also includes a second through hole, which is located at the position where the peripheral unit is adjacent to other peripheral units, and the second through holes of two adjacent peripheral units are connected accordingly; Each peripheral unit also includes a third through hole, which is located at the junction of the peripheral unit and the central unit.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the diffuser protrudes forward from the retaining ring along the vibration axis of the loudspeaker.

[0009] In a more preferred embodiment, the body of the diffuser is in a plane located in front of the retaining ring and perpendicular to the vibration axis of the speaker; the diffuser has a transition portion connecting the body and the retaining ring, the transition portion surrounding the body.

[0010] In a further preferred embodiment, in a cross-section of the diffuser along the vibration axis of the loudspeaker, the lower surface of the transition portion includes one or more inclined or arcuate segments, and the upper surface of the transition portion includes one or more inclined or arcuate segments.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the sound-permeable hole extends through the diffuser along the vibration axis of the loudspeaker.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, in the orthographic projection of the diffuser onto a plane perpendicular to the vibration axis of the loudspeaker, the area of ​​the first sound-permeable hole is larger than the areas of each of the second sound-permeable holes and each of the third sound-permeable holes.

[0013] In a more preferred embodiment, the area of ​​the third sound-transmitting hole that is closer to the first sound-transmitting hole is smaller than the area of ​​the third sound-transmitting hole that is farther from the first sound-transmitting hole.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, in the orthographic projection of the diffuser onto a plane perpendicular to the vibration axis of the loudspeaker, the first sound-permeable hole is a pattern formed by four segments of first arcs joined together, with the center of each first arc located in the first sound-permeable hole; the second sound-permeable hole is a pattern formed by three segments of second arcs joined together, with the center of each second arc located on the side closer to the first sound-permeable hole; and the third sound-permeable hole is a pattern formed by four or six lines joined together.

[0015] In a more preferred embodiment, a plurality of third sound-permeable holes are arranged at intervals along the edge of the first sound-permeable hole, and a plurality of third sound-permeable holes are arranged at intervals along the outer peripheral edge of the diffuser.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the diffuser is integrally formed, and in the orthographic projection of the diffuser onto a plane perpendicular to the vibration axis of the speaker, the sum of the areas of the sound-transmitting holes to the area of ​​the diffuser is 30-50%, more preferably 30-48%, further preferably 35-45%, and even more preferably 35-40%.

[0017] The present invention also adopts the following technical solution: A loudspeaker includes the diffuser described above, the diffuser being positioned in front of a diaphragm.

[0018] In one embodiment, the speaker is a tweeter.

[0019] The present invention adopts the above solution, which has the following advantages compared with the prior art: The diffuser for loudspeakers of the present invention achieves large-angle, all-dimensional, irregular and uniform scattering of sound waves in the high-frequency range by optimizing the distribution of the diffuser's sound transmission holes. This broadens the directional range of high-frequency sound production, improves the upper limit of high-frequency extension and high-frequency resolution, eliminates acoustic standing waves and interference distortion, and significantly optimizes the acoustic performance of high frequencies. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a loudspeaker according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Top view of the speaker.

[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Sectional view along the AA direction.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a perspective view of a diffuser according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Side view of the diffuser.

[0026] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Top view of the diffuser.

[0027] Figure 7 It is a Sierpinski square.

[0028] Figure 8 This is a variation of the Sierpinski square.

[0029] Figure 9 for Figure 8 The inverted pattern after circular inversion of the deformed pattern.

[0030] Figure 10 This is a top view of a scaled-up loudspeaker.

[0031] Figure 11 for Figure 10 Sectional view along the BB direction.

[0032] Figure 12 This is a comparison chart of the loudspeaker diffusion coefficient curves for the embodiment and the comparative example.

[0033] Figure 13 The above is a comparison graph of the frequency response curves of the loudspeakers in the example and the comparative example.

[0034] In the above attached figures, 100. Loudspeaker; 200. Diffuser; 300. Bracket; 400. Diaphragm; 500. Voice coil; 600. Magnetic circuit; 610. Magnetic gap; 620. Magnetic cup; 630. Magnet; 640. Front panel; 700. Mounting base; 1. Diffuser; 11. First sound-permeable hole; 12. Second sound-permeable hole; 13. Third sound-permeable hole; 14. Main body; 15. Transition section; 2. Retaining ring; 200a, Sierpinski square; 101, first side; 102, central square through hole; 103, first outer perimeter through hole; 104, second outer perimeter through hole; 200b, deformed pattern; 201, second side; 202, center through hole; 203, first through hole; 204, second through hole; 205, third through hole; 200c, inverted pattern; 301, first arc; 302, second arc. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that the advantages and features of the present invention can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art. It should be noted that the description of these embodiments is for the purpose of aiding understanding the present invention, but does not constitute a limitation thereof. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0036] The term "Sierpinski square," also known as Sierpinski carpet, refers to a self-similar structure formed by dividing a square into nine equal parts, removing the central square, and recursively performing the same operation.

[0037] The term "loudspeaker vibration axis" refers to the desired vibration direction of the diaphragm, in which the diaphragm reciprocates, forming a piston-like motion. In this embodiment, the loudspeaker's vibration axis coincides with the center line of its voice coil, and the diaphragm, voice coil, and magnetic circuit as a whole are rotating bodies around this vibration axis.

[0038] The term "high frequency band" refers to the sound frequency range above 2 kHz (e.g., 10,000 Hz to 20,000 Hz). The term "tweeter" refers to a loudspeaker with an operating frequency greater than 2 kHz (e.g., 10,000 Hz to 20,000 Hz).

[0039] Example An embodiment provides a diffuser for a loudspeaker and a loudspeaker having the diffuser, the loudspeaker being particularly a tweeter.

[0040] Reference Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the loudspeaker 100 includes a diffuser 200, a bracket 300, a diaphragm 400, a voice coil 500, and a magnetic circuit 600. The diffuser 200 is mounted on the bracket 300, the diaphragm 400 is suspended from the bracket 300, and the diffuser 200 covers the front of the diaphragm 400. The voice coil 500 is connected to the diaphragm 400, and the coil portion of the voice coil 500 is inserted into the magnetic gap 610 of the magnetic circuit 600. The magnetic circuit 600 is fixed to the bracket 300 and provides a magnetic field for the voice coil 500; when the coil of the voice coil 500 is energized, under the action of electromagnetic induction, the voice coil 500 vibrates back and forth within the magnetic gap 610, thereby driving the diaphragm 400 to vibrate and produce sound. The diaphragm 400 is expected to vibrate back and forth along the vibration axis of the loudspeaker 100. Figure 3The magnetic circuit 600 extends vertically. In this embodiment, the magnetic circuit 600 adopts an internal magnetic structure, specifically including a magnetic cup 620, a magnet 630, and a front plate 640. The magnetic cup 620 is made of a magnetically conductive material, such as iron or an iron alloy, and the magnet 630 is a permanent magnet. The magnet 630 is disposed inside the magnetic cup 620, and the front plate 640 is stacked on the magnet 630. A magnetic gap 610 is formed between the inner surface of the magnetic cup 620 and the outer circumferential surface of the magnet 630 and the front plate 640. A mounting base 700 is also fixed on the magnetic circuit 600, through which the speaker 100 can be mounted on other components, such as structural parts of a vehicle.

[0041] Combination Figures 4 to 6 As shown, the diffuser 200 of the speaker 100 includes a diffuser body 1 and a retaining ring 2. The diffuser body 1 is generally disc-shaped, and the retaining ring 2 surrounds the diffuser body 1. In this embodiment, the diffuser 200 is a one-piece part, for example, it is integrally injection molded from plastic, that is, the diffuser body 1 and the retaining ring 2 are one piece. The retaining ring 2 is generally hollow and ring-shaped. The diffuser 200 is connected to the bracket 300 through the retaining ring 2, for example, by means of a snap fastener.

[0042] Multiple sound-permeable holes are formed on the diffuser 1 through a perforation process, extending from the front surface to the rear surface of the diffuser 1. These holes include a first sound-permeable hole 11, multiple second sound-permeable holes 12, and multiple third sound-permeable holes 13. The first sound-permeable hole 11 is located in the middle of the diffuser 1. The second sound-permeable holes 12 are located between the outer peripheral edge of the diffuser 1 and the fixing ring 2, and are spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the diffuser 1. The multiple third sound-permeable holes 13 are located between the first sound-permeable holes 11 and the edge of the diffuser 1, and are spaced apart along the circumferential direction and / or the diametrical direction of the diffuser 1.

[0043] The sound-permeable holes on diffuser 1 are distributed according to the pattern obtained by inverting the Sierpinski square or its deformation. The following will combine... Figures 7 to 9 To provide a detailed explanation for ease of understanding, Figures 7 to 9 The area to be filled with the pattern is a solid area without holes.

[0044] Figure 7The diagram shows a Sierpinski square 200a. The four sides of the Sierpinski square 200a are designated as first sides 101. The smaller squares between the four first sides 101 are through-holes formed by perforation. These through-holes include a central square through-hole 102 located at the center and multiple peripheral square through-holes surrounding the central square through-hole 102, specifically including larger first peripheral through-holes 103 and smaller second peripheral through-holes 104. The Sierpinski square 200a can be divided into nine units arranged in a 3×3 array. The central unit is perforated to form the central square through-hole 102. Each of the eight peripheral units has one first peripheral through-hole 103 and eight second peripheral through-holes 104. The eight second peripheral through-holes 104 are spaced apart and evenly distributed around the first peripheral through-hole 103.

[0045] In some embodiments, the orthographic projection of the diffuser 1 onto a plane perpendicular to the vibration axis of the loudspeaker 100 can be a pattern obtained by circular inversion of the Sierpinski square 200a, with the inversion center located inside the Sierpinski square 200a. In other words, in the orthographic projection of the diffuser 1 onto a plane perpendicular to the vibration axis of the loudspeaker 100, the plurality of sound holes are distributed according to the pattern obtained by circular inversion of the Sierpinski square 200a. Figure 7 After the Sierpinski square pattern 200a is directly inverted by a circle, straight lines such as the first side 101, the side of the central square through hole 102, the side of the first peripheral through hole 103, and the side of the second peripheral through hole 104 are transformed into arcs.

[0046] In this embodiment, the orthographic projection of the diffuser 1 onto a plane perpendicular to the vibration axis of the loudspeaker 100 is a pattern obtained by circular inversion of the deformed pattern 200b of the Sierpinski square, with the inversion center located inside the deformed pattern 200b. In other words, in the orthographic projection of the diffuser 1 onto a plane perpendicular to the vibration axis of the loudspeaker 100, the multiple sound holes are distributed according to the pattern obtained by circular inversion of the deformed pattern 200b of the Sierpinski square.

[0047] Specifically, the deformed pattern 200b can be as follows: Figure 8 As shown, the deformed pattern 200b of the Sierpinski square comprises nine units arranged in a 3×3 array, as... Figure 8 The dotted line divides the area. The deformed pattern 200b also has four straight sides, denoted as the second side 201; a square central through-hole 202 is provided in the center of the central unit. The area of ​​this central through-hole 202 is smaller than the area of ​​the central unit and also smaller than... Figure 7The area of ​​the central square through-hole 102 of the central Sierpinski square 200a. Each peripheral unit located in the central unit includes four first through-holes 203, which are located at the four vertices of a square pattern. Each first through-hole 203 is L-shaped to surround the vertices of the square pattern; this square pattern can correspond to... Figure 7 The first peripheral through-hole 103 is positioned one-to-one. Each peripheral unit also includes a second through-hole 204, which is located at the junction of the peripheral unit and other peripheral units, and the second through-holes 204 of two adjacent peripheral units are connected. Figure 8 As shown, some second through holes 204 between two adjacent peripheral units are connected to form square holes, and some second through holes 204 on the three peripheral units are connected to form L-shaped holes, located on the outer side of the top corner of the central unit. Each peripheral unit also includes a third through hole 205, which is located on the part of the peripheral unit adjacent to the central unit. Specifically, in this embodiment, each peripheral unit is provided with four first through holes 203, six second through holes 204, and two third through holes 205.

[0048] The deformed pattern 200b of the Sierpinski square is both centrally symmetric and axially symmetric. After circular inversion, the straight lines in the deformed pattern 200b are all transformed into arcs.

[0049] Figure 9 It shows Figure 8 The inverted pattern 200c obtained after circular inversion of the original pattern has its inversion center at the geometric center of the deformed pattern 200b of the Sierpinski square. After inversion, the four sides of the central through-hole 202 are inverted into four first arcs 301, which connect and enclose to form the first sound-permeable hole 11. Multiple sides of the peripheral through-holes are inverted into arcs, and some through-holes are inverted into fan-shaped rings, thus forming multiple third sound-permeable holes 13. The four second sides 201 of the deformed pattern of the Sierpinski square are inverted into four connected second arcs 302, which enclose the second sound-permeable hole 12 between two adjacent second arcs 302 and the fixing ring 2.

[0050] In this embodiment, Figure 8 The structure formed by self-similar iteration of the Sierpinski square deformed pattern with n=3, and then transformed into a divergent space by polar coordinate transformation, forms the structure. Figure 9 The circular inversion pattern is used to construct the diffuser 1 and its sound-permeable holes according to the pattern. Figure 9 The inversion principle of the inversion pattern is as follows: In unit square = Using a zero-order initial basis, in each iteration, the unit square is divided into nine equally sized sub-squares along its length and width of three equal parts. The central sub-square is removed, and the eight outer sub-squares are retained. This process of equally dividing and removing the core is repeated for all retained sub-squares. After n iterations, an n-order Sierpinski square fractal set is obtained. ,like Figure 7 As shown, it can be represented by the following formula: = ; = , y+ .

[0051] Denotes the set of Sierpinski square fractals of order n; This means using the k-th affine transformation to scale and translate the previous-order overall graphic into the corresponding sub-block; This represents the union of 8 sub-blocks; the iteration order n=3, and the fractal size is recursively calculated. .

[0052] by( () represents 8 sets of translation parameters for non-center positions; This represents an affine compression mapping of a single subregion. x， y This indicates a scaling option, which reduces the original square's length and width to one-third of its original size. The translation parameters consist of 8 sets of coordinates. Avoiding the center (1 / 3, 1 / 3), the shrunk cubes are translated and arranged in 8 positions outside the center of a large 3×3 grid. The 8 sets of translation parameters are: (0, 0), (1 / 3, 0), (2 / 3, 0), (0, 1 / 3), (2 / 3, 1 / 3), (0, 2 / 3), (1 / 3, 2 / 3), and (2 / 3, 2 / 3), resulting in the following... Figure 8 The deformed pattern shown.

[0053] Using the unit circle (the inversion reference circle with radius R=1) as the reference boundary for the plane inversion transformation, the equation is: () is the inversion datum, the origin is the inversion center, and the inversion radius is 1. Figure 8 The standard Sierpinski square deformable pattern is inverted using global coordinates to achieve topological reconstruction of the structure from convergent to divergent. The core inversion formula is as follows: ; The simplified form of polar coordinates (acoustic surface modeling) is as follows: .

[0054] The convergent space of the standard fractal is transformed into a divergent space, forming Figure 9 The pattern shown.

[0055] Combination Figures 3 to 6 As shown, the sound transmission hole passes through the diffuser 1 along the vibration axis of the loudspeaker 100. The orthographic projection of the diffuser 1 onto a plane perpendicular to the vibration axis of the loudspeaker 100 (i.e., Figure 6 In the diagram shown from a top-down view, the area of ​​the first sound-permeable hole 11 is larger than the areas of each of the second sound-permeable holes 12 and each of the third sound-permeable holes 13. The area of ​​the third sound-permeable hole 13 that is closer to the first sound-permeable hole 11 is smaller than the area of ​​the third sound-permeable hole 13 that is farther from the first sound-permeable hole 11.

[0056] In the orthographic projection of the diffuser 1 onto a plane perpendicular to the vibration axis of the loudspeaker 100, the first sound-permeable hole 11 is a shape formed by four segments of first circular arcs joined end to end, with the center of each first circular arc located within the first sound-permeable hole 11. The second sound-permeable hole 12 is a shape formed by three segments of second circular arcs joined together, with the center of each second circular arc located on the side closest to the first sound-permeable hole 11. The third sound-permeable hole 13 is a shape formed by four or six lines joined together; some third sound-permeable holes 13 are fan-shaped rings formed by four lines, while others are irregularly shaped holes formed by six line segments.

[0057] Several third sound-permeable holes 13 are arranged at intervals along the edge of the first sound-permeable hole 11, and several third sound-permeable holes 13 are arranged at intervals along the outer peripheral edge of the diffuser 1. Several third sound-permeable holes 13 are arranged at intervals along the diameter direction of the diffuser 1.

[0058] In the orthographic projection of the diffuser 1 onto a plane perpendicular to the vibration axis of the loudspeaker 100, the sum of the areas of the sound holes is approximately 39% of the area of ​​the diffuser 1.

[0059] Combination Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the diffuser 1 protrudes forward from the fixing ring 2 along the vibration axis of the speaker 100. The main body 14 of the diffuser 1 lies in a plane located in front of the fixing ring 2 and perpendicular to the vibration axis of the speaker 100. The diffuser 1 has a transition portion 15 connecting the main body 14 and the fixing ring 2, and the transition portion 15 surrounds the main body 14. A first sound-permeable hole 11 and part of a second sound-permeable hole 12 are distributed on the main body 14, while another part of the second sound-permeable hole 12 and a third sound-permeable hole 13 are distributed on the transition portion 15.

[0060] like Figure 3As shown, in the cross section of the diffuser 200 along the vibration axis of the loudspeaker 100, the lower surface of the transition portion 15 includes one or more inclined segments or arc-shaped segments, and the upper surface of the transition portion 15 includes one or more inclined segments or arc-shaped segments.

[0061] In this embodiment, the center of the diaphragm 400 is a spherical dome that protrudes forward along the vibration axis. The transition portion 15 is adapted to this spherical dome so that the diffuser 1 covers the front of the spherical dome. In some other embodiments, the diaphragm 400 can be other shapes, such as a flat plate, in which case the diffuser portion is entirely flat.

[0062] Comparative Example Comparative example Figure 10 and Figure 11 The speaker 100' shown is different from the speaker 100 in the comparative example and the embodiment, except that the diffuser 200' is different.

[0063] Reference Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown in the comparative example, the diffuser 200' has a conventional grid structure. The diffuser is composed of multiple interconnected ribs, with sound-permeable holes formed between the ribs. Some ribs extend along the diameter of the diffuser 200', while others extend along the circumference of the diffuser 200'. The sum of the areas of the sound-permeable holes is approximately 80% of the area of ​​the diffuser.

[0064] Performance testing: For loudspeakers of the same size and specifications, the same excitation signal was applied, and the diffusion coefficient and frequency response curve were tested.

[0065] Figure 12 In the diagram, the green curve represents the diffusion coefficient curve of the comparative loudspeaker 100', and the blue curve represents the diffusion coefficient curve of the embodiment loudspeaker 100. The smoothness of the diffusion coefficient curve characterizes the diffusion effect of the loudspeaker. Figure 12 It can be seen that, across the entire high-frequency range from 10kHz to 20kHz, the diffusion coefficient curve of the comparative example fluctuates more than that of the embodiment, while the curve of the speaker 100 in the embodiment is more stable and smooth across the entire frequency range. This indicates that the diffusion effect of the speaker 100 in the embodiment is better than that of the comparative example.

[0066] Figure 13 In the diagram, the black curve represents the frequency response curve of the comparative loudspeaker 100', and the blue curve represents the frequency response curve of the embodiment loudspeaker 100. From... Figure 13It can be seen that in the frequency response curve of 10KHz to 15KHz, the sound pressure level (dB) of the comparative loudspeaker 100' drops more than that of the embodiment, and the curve fluctuates more. In contrast, the frequency response curve of the embodiment loudspeaker 100 is relatively stable and smooth with less fluctuation, indicating that the performance of the embodiment loudspeaker 100 is better than that of the comparative loudspeaker 100'.

[0067] The diffuser 200 in this embodiment breaks through the acoustic diffusion limitations of traditional regular structures by fractal inversion topology. Relying on the fractal self-similarity characteristics and inversion spatial distortion characteristics, it achieves high-frequency sound waves, large-angle, all-dimensional, irregular and uniform scattering, broadens the directional range of high-frequency sound, improves the upper limit of high-frequency extension and high-frequency resolution, eliminates acoustic standing waves and interference distortion, and significantly optimizes high-frequency acoustic performance.

[0068] As indicated in this specification and claims, the terms "comprising" and "including" only indicate the inclusion of explicitly identified steps and elements, and these steps and elements do not constitute an exclusive list, and the method or apparatus may also include other steps or elements.

[0069] It can be further understood that in this disclosure, "multiple" refers to two or more, and other quantifiers are similar.

[0070] It is further understood that the terms "first," "second," etc., are used to describe various types of information, but this information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish information of the same type from one another, and do not indicate a specific order or degree of importance. In fact, the expressions "first," "second," etc., are completely interchangeable. For example, without departing from the scope of this disclosure, first information can also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information can also be referred to as first information.

[0071] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and are preferred embodiments. Their purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and they cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A diffuser for a loudspeaker, the diffuser comprising a diffuser body and a retaining ring surrounding the diffuser body, characterized in that, The diffuser has multiple sound-permeable holes formed by perforation, which extend from the front surface to the rear surface of the diffuser. The multiple sound-permeable holes include a first sound-permeable hole, multiple second sound-permeable holes, and multiple third sound-permeable holes. The first sound-permeable hole is located in the middle of the diffuser. The second sound-permeable holes are located between the outer peripheral edge of the diffuser and the fixing ring, and the multiple second sound-permeable holes are spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the diffuser. The multiple third sound-permeable holes are located between the first sound-permeable hole and the edge of the diffuser, and the multiple third sound-permeable holes are spaced apart along the circumferential direction and / or the diametrical direction of the diffuser.

2. The diffuser according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the orthographic projection of the diffuser onto a plane perpendicular to the vibration axis of the loudspeaker, the plurality of sound holes are distributed according to a pattern obtained by circular inversion of the Sierpinski square or a deformed pattern of the Sierpinski square, with the inversion center located inside the square or the deformed pattern. The deformed pattern of the Sierpinski square includes nine units arranged in a 3×3 array. The central unit has a square central through hole in the middle. Each peripheral unit of the central unit includes four first through holes, which are located at the four vertices of a square pattern. Each first through hole is L-shaped. Each peripheral unit also includes a second through hole, which is located on the part of the peripheral unit that is adjacent to other peripheral units, and the second through holes of two adjacent peripheral units are connected accordingly; Each peripheral unit also includes a third through hole, which is located on the peripheral unit adjacent to the central unit.

3. The diffuser according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The diffuser protrudes forward from the fixing ring along the vibration axis of the loudspeaker.

4. The diffuser according to claim 3, characterized in that, The diffuser body is located in a plane in front of the fixing ring and perpendicular to the vibration axis of the speaker; the diffuser body has a transition portion connecting the body and the fixing ring, the transition portion surrounding the body.

5. The diffuser according to claim 4, characterized in that, In a cross-section of the diffuser along the vibration axis of the loudspeaker, the lower surface of the transition portion includes one or more inclined or arc-shaped segments, and the upper surface of the transition portion includes one or more inclined or arc-shaped segments.

6. The diffuser according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sound-permeable hole extends through the diffuser along the vibration axis of the loudspeaker.

7. The diffuser according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the orthographic projection of the diffuser onto a plane perpendicular to the vibration axis of the loudspeaker, the area of ​​the first sound-permeable hole is larger than the areas of each of the second sound-permeable holes and each of the third sound-permeable holes.

8. The diffuser according to claim 7, characterized in that, The area of ​​the third sound hole that is closer to the first sound hole is smaller than the area of ​​the third sound hole that is farther from the first sound hole.

9. The diffuser according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the orthographic projection of the diffuser onto a plane perpendicular to the vibration axis of the loudspeaker, the first sound-permeable hole is a pattern formed by four segments of first arcs joined together, with the center of each first arc located in the first sound-permeable hole; the second sound-permeable hole is a pattern formed by three segments of second arcs joined together, with the center of each second arc located on the side closer to the first sound-permeable hole; the third sound-permeable hole is a pattern formed by four or six lines joined together.

10. The diffuser according to claim 8, characterized in that, Several third sound-permeable holes are arranged at intervals along the edge of the first sound-permeable hole, and several third sound-permeable holes are arranged at intervals along the outer peripheral edge of the diffuser.

11. The diffuser according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diffuser is integrally formed, and in the orthographic projection of the diffuser onto a plane perpendicular to the vibration axis of the speaker, the sum of the areas of the sound-transmitting holes is 30-50% of the area of ​​the diffuser.

12. A loudspeaker, characterized in that, Includes a diffuser as described in any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the diffuser is positioned in front of the diaphragm.

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