Sensing method and communication device

Abstract

The application provides a sensing method and a communication device. By including NLoS information or LoS information corresponding to sensing data associated with a sensing signal in power control information, and then determining the transmission power of the sensing signal based on the power control information, the accuracy of estimating information such as the position of a sensing target in an NLoS scenario through the sensing signal can be improved, and unnecessary power output of the transmission end of the sensing signal can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and more specifically, to a sensing method and a communication device. Background Technology

[0002] In applications such as target tracking and environment reconstruction in the field of communication, sensing signals are often used to locate targets, that is, to send sensing rays to the target in order to determine the target's location information.

[0003] In the process of target sensing, it is necessary to determine the path loss based on the propagation distance of the sensing signal, and then continuously adjust the transmission power of the sensing ray to reduce power consumption and improve sensing accuracy. However, in complex communication environments with environmental objects, the sensing signal is often reflected or diffracted by these objects, resulting in energy loss. Therefore, in this case, simply relying on the path loss determined by the propagation distance to adjust the transmission power of the sensing signal not only fails to accurately sense the target's position but may also cause unnecessary power consumption. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a sensing method that determines the transmission power of a sensing signal through power control information. This method can improve the accuracy of estimating information such as the position of a sensing target in non-line-of-sight (NLoS) scenarios and reduce unnecessary power output at the sensing signal transmitter.

[0005] Firstly, a sensing method is provided. This method can be executed by a first device. Unless otherwise specified, the "first device" in this application can refer to a communication device (such as a terminal device or a network device), or it can be a component used in a communication device (such as a chip or circuit, which can be a modem chip, also known as a baseband chip, or a system-on-chip (SoC) or system-in-package (SIP) chip containing a modem core, etc.), or it can be a logic module or software capable of implementing some or all of the functions of the communication device. For ease of description, the following description uses the execution by the first device as an example.

[0006] The sensing method includes: acquiring sensing data, the sensing data being associated with a sensing signal emitted by a second device; and determining power control information, the power control information including NLoS information corresponding to the sensing data, the power control information being used to determine the transmission power of the sensing signal.

[0007] Based on the above technical solution, by designing power control information that includes NLoS information corresponding to the sensing data associated with the sensing signal, and determining (or adjusting) the transmission power of the sensing signal based on this power control information, the accuracy of estimating information such as the position of the sensing target in the NLoS scenario through the sensing signal can be improved, and the power output of the sensing signal transmitter can also be saved.

[0008] As an example, the NLoS information corresponding to the sensing data may include the interaction information between the sensing signal and environmental objects, such as the reflection coefficient or diffraction coefficient of the sensing signal through the environmental objects. The second device can determine the power lost by the sensing signal after being acted upon by the environmental objects during propagation based on the parameters such as the reflection coefficient of the sensing signal interacting with the environmental objects, and then determine (or adjust) the transmission power of the sensing signal.

[0009] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the NLoS information of the sensing data includes one or more of the following: the sensing mode information of the sensing signal, the function information of the sensing signal, or the path information of the sensing signal.

[0010] Based on the above technical solution, by designing power control information that includes the effect information and path information of the sensing signal, the second device can be instructed to select the corresponding transmission power determination method, thereby avoiding the transmission power of the sensing signal that does not meet the requirements and improving the efficiency of the second device in generating the sensing signal.

[0011] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the action information includes one or more of the following: reflection information of the sensing signal, diffraction information of the sensing signal, transmission information of the sensing signal, or scattering information of the sensing signal.

[0012] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the NLoS information of the sensed data further includes one or more of the following: distance information, reflection coefficient or diffraction coefficient or transmission coefficient or scattering coefficient, or electric vector component coefficient.

[0013] Based on the above technical solution, by designing power control information that includes the interaction coefficients between the sensing signal and environmental objects, such as reflection coefficient, diffraction coefficient, transmission coefficient, or scattering coefficient, the second device can accurately adjust the transmission power of the sensing signal to meet the sensing requirements and improve the accuracy of estimating information such as the position of the sensing target.

[0014] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the power control information is used to determine the transmission power of the sensing signal, including: a first distance factor and / or a first action factor for determining the transmission power, wherein the first distance factor is determined based on the distance information, and the first action factor is determined based on the reflection coefficient, the diffraction coefficient, the transmission coefficient, the scattering coefficient, and the electric vector component coefficient.

[0015] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the transmission power of the sensing signal is associated with path loss, the path loss being positively correlated with the reciprocal of the first distance factor, and / or positively correlated with the first action factor.

[0016] Based on the above technical solution, by using the path loss that includes information about the interaction between the sensing signal and environmental objects, the transmission power of the sensing signal in the NLoS scenario can be precisely adjusted, thereby obtaining accurate information such as the location of the sensing target, and also saving unnecessary power output from the sensing signal transmitter.

[0017] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first distance factor X1 satisfies the following formula: Wherein, d1 is the distance between the second device and the sensing target, d2 is the distance between the sensing target and the environmental object, and d3 is the distance between the environmental object and the receiving end of the sensing signal.

[0018] Based on the above technical solution, a first distance factor is determined by the multiple distances generated after the sensing signal interacts with the sensing target and environmental objects during the propagation process. Then, the transmission power of the sensing signal is determined based on the first distance factor. This can accurately estimate the power loss of the sensing signal caused by the propagation distance and improve the accuracy of sensing the target.

[0019] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first distance factor X1 satisfies the following formula: Wherein, d1 is the distance between the second device and the environmental object, d2 is the distance between the sensing target and the environmental object, and d3 is the distance between the sensing target and the receiving end of the sensing signal.

[0020] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first distance factor X1 satisfies the following formula: Wherein, d1 is the distance between the second device and the sensing target, d2 is the distance between the sensing target and the environmental object, and d3 is the distance between the environmental object and the receiving end of the sensing signal.

[0021] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first distance factor X1 satisfies the following formula: Wherein, d1 is the distance between the second device and the environmental object, d2 is the distance between the sensing target and the environmental object, and d3 is the distance between the sensing target and the receiving end of the sensing signal.

[0022] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first distance factor X1 satisfies the following formula: Wherein, d1 is the distance between the second device and the sensing target, d2 is the distance between the sensing target and the environmental object, and d3 is the distance between the environmental object and the receiving end of the sensing signal; or, d1 is the distance between the second device and the environmental object, d2 is the distance between the sensing target and the environmental object, and d3 is the distance between the sensing target and the receiving end of the sensing signal.

[0023] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the reflection coefficient includes the parallel polarization reflection coefficient R. ∥ Vertical polarization reflection coefficient R ⊥ The electric vector component coefficients include the parallel polarization reflection electric vector component coefficient a. ∥1 Vertical polarization reflected electric vector component coefficient a ⊥1 The first action factor X2 satisfies the following formula: X2 = (R ∥ ·a ∥1 ) 2 +(R ⊥ ·a ⊥1 ) 2 .

[0024] Based on the above technical solution, the first action factor is determined by the interaction coefficient (such as reflection coefficient, diffraction coefficient, transmission coefficient, or scattering coefficient) generated by the interaction of the sensing signal with environmental objects during the propagation process. Then, the transmission power of the sensing signal is determined based on the first action factor. This can accurately estimate the power loss of the sensing signal caused by the interaction with environmental objects, thereby improving the accuracy of sensing the target.

[0025] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the diffraction coefficients include a first diffraction coefficient D1, a second diffraction coefficient D2, a third diffraction coefficient D3, and a fourth diffraction coefficient D4; the electric vector component coefficients include a first electric vector component coefficient β1 and a second electric vector component coefficient β2; and the first action factor X2 satisfies the following formula: X2=(D1β1+D2β2) 2 +(D3β1+D4β2) 2 .

[0026] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the reflection coefficient includes the parallel polarization transmission coefficient R. ∥ Vertical polarization transmission coefficient R ⊥ The electric vector component coefficients include the parallel polarization transmission electric vector component coefficient a. ∥2 Vertical polarization transmission electric vector component coefficient a ⊥2 The first action factor X2 satisfies the following formula: X2 = (T ∥ ·a ∥2 ) 2 +(T ⊥ ·a ⊥2 ) 2 .

[0027] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the diffraction coefficient includes a first scattering coefficient D5, a second scattering coefficient D6, a third scattering coefficient D7, and a fourth scattering coefficient D8; the electric vector component coefficients include a third electric vector component coefficient β3 and a fourth electric vector component coefficient β4; the first action factor X2 satisfies the following formula: X2=(D5β3+D6β4) 2 +(D7β3+D8β4) 2 .

[0028] Based on the above technical solution, by using the distance information corresponding to the path information (i.e., the first path and the second path), the coefficient of the interaction between the sensing signal and the environmental objects, the first distance factor, the first interaction factor, and the path loss of the sensing signal are obtained. Then, based on the path loss, the transmission power of the sensing signal is calculated, and the accurate transmission power of the sensing signal in the NLoS scenario can be obtained.

[0029] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, a first indication message is sent, the first indication message indicating the power control information.

[0030] Secondly, a sensing method is provided. This method can be executed by a first device. Unless otherwise specified, the "second device" in this application can refer to a communication device (such as a terminal device or a network device), or it can be a component used in a communication device (such as a chip or circuit, which can be a modem chip, also known as a baseband chip, or a system-on-a-chip (SoC) or system-in-package (SIP) chip containing a modem core, etc.), or it can be a logic module or software capable of implementing some or all of the functions of the communication device. For ease of description, the following description uses the execution by the second device as an example.

[0031] The sensing method includes: receiving first indication information, the first indication information indicating power control information, the power control information including NLoS information corresponding to sensing data, the sensing data being associated with a sensing signal transmitted by the second device, and the power control information being used to determine the transmission power of the sensing signal.

[0032] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the NLoS information of the sensing data includes one or more of the following: the sensing mode information of the sensing signal, the function information of the sensing signal, or the path information of the sensing signal.

[0033] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the action information includes one or more of the following: reflection information of the sensing signal, diffraction information of the sensing signal, transmission information of the sensing signal, or scattering information of the sensing signal.

[0034] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the NLoS information of the sensed data further includes one or more of the following: distance information, reflection coefficient or diffraction coefficient or transmission coefficient or scattering coefficient, or electric vector component coefficient.

[0035] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the power control information is used to determine the transmission power of the sensing signal, including: a first distance factor and / or a first action factor used to determine the transmission power, wherein the first distance factor is determined based on the distance information, and the first action factor is determined based on the reflection coefficient or the diffraction coefficient or the transmission coefficient or the scattering coefficient, and the electric vector component coefficient.

[0036] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the transmission power of the sensing signal is associated with path loss, which is positively correlated with the reciprocal of the first distance factor and / or positively correlated with the first action factor.

[0037] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the first distance factor X1 satisfies the following formula: Wherein, d1 is the distance between the second device and the sensing target, d2 is the distance between the sensing target and the environmental object, and d3 is the distance between the environmental object and the receiving end of the sensing signal.

[0038] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the first distance factor X1 satisfies the following formula: Wherein, d1 is the distance between the second device and the environmental object, d2 is the distance between the sensing target and the environmental object, and d3 is the distance between the sensing target and the receiving end of the sensing signal.

[0039] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the first distance factor X1 satisfies the following formula: Wherein, d1 is the distance between the second device and the sensing target, d2 is the distance between the sensing target and the environmental object, and d3 is the distance between the environmental object and the receiving end of the sensing signal.

[0040] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the first distance factor X1 satisfies the following formula: Wherein, d1 is the distance between the second device and the environmental object, d2 is the distance between the sensing target and the environmental object, and d3 is the distance between the sensing target and the receiving end of the sensing signal.

[0041] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the first distance factor X1 satisfies the following formula: Wherein, d1 is the distance between the second device and the sensing target, d2 is the distance between the sensing target and the environmental object, and d3 is the distance between the environmental object and the receiving end of the sensing signal; or, d1 is the distance between the second device and the environmental object, d2 is the distance between the sensing target and the environmental object, and d3 is the distance between the sensing target and the receiving end of the sensing signal.

[0042] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the reflection coefficient includes the parallel polarization reflection coefficient R. ∥ Vertical polarization reflection coefficient R ⊥ The electric vector component coefficients include the parallel polarization reflection electric vector component coefficient a. ∥1 Vertical polarization reflected electric vector component coefficient a ⊥1 The first action factor X2 satisfies the following formula: X2 = (R ∥ ·a ∥1 ) 2 +(R ⊥ ·a ⊥1 ) 2 .

[0043] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the diffraction coefficients include a first diffraction coefficient D1, a second diffraction coefficient D2, a third diffraction coefficient D3, and a fourth diffraction coefficient D4; the electric vector component coefficients include a first electric vector component coefficient β1 and a second electric vector component coefficient β2; the first action factor X2 satisfies the following formula: X2=(D1β1+D2β2) 2 +(D3β1+D4β2) 2 .

[0044] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the reflection coefficient includes the parallel polarization transmission coefficient R. ∥ Vertical polarization transmission coefficient R ⊥ The electric vector component coefficients include the parallel polarization transmission electric vector component coefficient a. ∥2 Vertical polarization transmission electric vector component coefficient a ⊥2 The first action factor X2 satisfies the following formula: X2 = (T ∥ ·a ∥2 ) 2 +(T ⊥ ·a ⊥2 ) 2 .

[0045] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the diffraction coefficient includes a first scattering coefficient D5, a second scattering coefficient D6, a third scattering coefficient D7, and a fourth scattering coefficient D8; the electric vector component coefficients include a third electric vector component coefficient β3 and a fourth electric vector component coefficient β4; the first action factor X2 satisfies the following formula: X2=(D5β3+D6β4) 2 +(D7β3+D8β4) 2 .

[0046] The technical effects of the methods shown in the second aspect above can be referenced in the first aspect and its possible designs.

[0047] Thirdly, a communication apparatus is provided for performing the method in any possible implementation of the first or second aspect described above. Specifically, the apparatus may include units and / or modules for performing the method in any possible implementation of the first or second aspect, such as processing units and / or communication units.

[0048] In one implementation, the device is a communication device (such as a terminal device or a network device). When the device is a communication device, the communication unit can be a transceiver or an input / output interface; the processing unit can be at least one processor. Optionally, the transceiver can be a transceiver circuit. Optionally, the input / output interface can be an input / output circuit.

[0049] In another implementation, the device is a chip, chip system, or circuit for communication equipment (such as terminal equipment or network equipment). When the device is a chip, chip system, or circuit for communication equipment, the communication unit can be an input / output interface, interface circuit, output circuit, input circuit, pin, or related circuit on the chip, chip system, or circuit; the processing unit can be at least one processor, processing circuit, or logic circuit.

[0050] Fourthly, a communication device is provided, comprising: at least one processor for executing a computer program or instructions stored in a memory to perform the method in any possible implementation of the first or second aspect described above. Optionally, the device further comprises a memory for storing the computer program or instructions; correspondingly, at least one processor is configured to execute the computer program or instructions in the memory. Optionally, the device further comprises a communication interface coupled to the processor, which can be used to input information to the processor or output information from the processor. Optionally, the processor reads the computer program or instructions from the memory through the communication interface.

[0051] In one implementation, the device is a communication device (such as a terminal device or a network device).

[0052] In another implementation, the device is a chip, chip system, or circuit for communication equipment (such as terminal equipment or network equipment).

[0053] Fifthly, a processor is provided for performing the methods provided in the first or second aspect above.

[0054] Unless otherwise specified, or if it does not contradict its actual function or internal logic in the relevant description, the transmission and acquisition / reception operations involved in the processor can be understood as processor output and reception, input and other operations, or as transmission and reception operations performed by radio frequency circuits and antennas. This application does not limit them in this regard.

[0055] A sixth aspect provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program or instructions that, when executed on a communication device, cause the communication device to perform the method provided in the first or second aspect described above.

[0056] A seventh aspect provides a computer program product comprising a computer program or instructions for performing the methods in any possible implementation of the first or second aspect described above. In other words, when the computer program product is run on a computer, it causes the computer to perform the methods provided in the first or second aspect described above.

[0057] Eighthly, a chip is provided, the chip including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the processor reads instructions from a memory through the communication interface and executes the method provided in the first or second aspect above.

[0058] Optionally, as one implementation, the chip further includes a memory storing computer programs or instructions, and a processor for executing the computer programs or instructions in the memory. When the computer programs or instructions are executed, the processor is used to perform the methods provided in the first or second aspect above.

[0059] A ninth aspect provides a communication system comprising the aforementioned first device (or first communication device) and second device (or second communication device). The first device is configured to execute the method provided in any implementation of the first aspect, and the second device is configured to execute the method provided in any implementation of the second aspect. Attached Figure Description

[0060] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a wireless communication system applicable to an embodiment of this application.

[0061] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a sensing method provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0062] Figures 3 to 10 This is a schematic diagram of the sensing signal propagation path provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0063] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of another sensing method provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0064] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0065] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0066] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of a chip system provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0067] The technical solutions in this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0068] Before introducing the scheme of this application, the following points should be noted.

[0069] (1) In this application, "instruction" can include direct instruction, indirect instruction, explicit instruction, implicit instruction, etc. When describing an instruction information as indicating A, it can be understood that the instruction information carries A, carries the identifier of A, carries B which is associated with A, carries the identifier of B which is associated with A, etc. In other words, if the receiving side of an instruction information can determine A based on the instruction information, it can be described as the instruction information indicating A, and the specific method of determination is not limited. When it is understood that the instruction information carries A, "instruction" can be replaced with "includes". In this case, a statement such as "send / receive instruction information, the instruction information indicates A" can be replaced with "send / receive A".

[0070] In this application, the information indicated by the instruction information is called the information to be instructed. In specific implementations, there are many ways to indicate the information to be instructed, such as, but not limited to, directly indicating the information to be instructed, such as the information to be instructed itself or its index. It can also indirectly indicate the information to be instructed by indicating other information, where there is a relationship between the other information and the information to be instructed. It can also indicate only a part of the information to be instructed, while the other parts are known or pre-agreed upon. For example, the instruction of specific information can be achieved by using a pre-agreed (e.g., protocol-defined) arrangement of various pieces of information, thereby reducing instruction overhead to some extent. Furthermore, the information to be instructed can be sent as a whole or divided into multiple sub-information pieces, and the sending period and / or timing of these sub-information pieces can be the same or different.

[0071] (2) In this application, the expression " / " is used to indicate that the objects before and after are in an "or" relationship; for example, A / B can mean: A or B. The expression "and / or" is used to indicate that the objects before and after are in a relationship of either "and" or "or"; for example, A and / or B can mean the following: A exists alone, B exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, where A and B can be single or multiple. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions are used to indicate any combination of the listed items; for example, at least one of A, B and / or C can mean the following: A exists alone, B exists alone, C exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, B and C exist simultaneously, A and C exist simultaneously, A, B and C exist simultaneously, where A, B, and C can be single or multiple.

[0072] (3) In this application, "send" and "receive" indicate the direction of signal transmission. For example, "send information to XX" can be understood as the destination of the information being XX, which may include direct transmission via the air interface or indirect transmission by other units or modules via the air interface. "Receive information from YY" can be understood as the source of the information being YY, which may include direct reception from YY via the air interface or indirect reception from YY by other units or modules via the air interface. "Send" can also be understood as the "output" of the chip interface, and "receive" can also be understood as the "input" of the chip interface. In other words, sending and receiving can occur between devices, such as between network devices and terminal devices, or within a device, such as between components, modules, chips, software modules, or hardware modules within the device via a bus, wiring, or interface.

[0073] (4) In the various embodiments of this application, unless otherwise specified or in case of logical conflict, the terms and / or descriptions of different embodiments are consistent and can be referenced by each other. The technical features of different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments according to their inherent logical relationship.

[0074] (5) In this application, "first" and "second" are used for descriptive convenience and to distinguish objects only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of this application. For example, the first device and the second device are used to distinguish different devices, and their names do not limit the protection scope of the embodiments of this application.

[0075] (6) In this application, "predefined" can mean a standard protocol predefined, or it can mean a pre-agreed or pre-negotiated agreement between devices. Here, "protocol" can refer to a standard protocol in the field of communications, for example, it may include fourth-generation (4G) protocols. th Generation 4G network, fifth generation (5G) network th This application does not limit the scope to network protocols such as 5G (generation, 5G), New Radio (NR), 5.5G, and related protocols applied in future communication networks.

[0076] (7) In this application, the words “exemplary,” “for example,” etc., are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as an “example” in this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of the word “example” is intended to present the concept in a concrete manner. In the embodiments of this application, “of,” “corresponding, relevant,” and “corresponding” may sometimes be used interchangeably, and it should be noted that their intended meanings are consistent unless their distinction is emphasized.

[0077] (8) This application repeatedly mentions that "A" sends a signal to "B", and correspondingly, "B" receives a signal from "A". This will be stated uniformly here. Those skilled in the art should understand that the signal transmitted between A and B, that is, the signal sent by A to B and the signal received by B from A, can be the same signal or different signals. This will be stated uniformly here.

[0078] First, let me introduce the communication system to which this application applies.

[0079] The technical solutions provided in this application can be applied to various communication systems, such as 5th generation (5G) or new radio (NR) systems, long term evolution (LTE) systems, LTE frequency division duplex (FDD) systems, and LTE time division duplex (TDD) systems. The technical solutions provided in this application can also be applied to future communication network systems. Furthermore, the technical solutions provided in this application can be applied to device-to-device (D2D) communication, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, machine-to-machine (M2M) communication, machine-type communication (MTC), and Internet of Things (IoT) communication systems. The technical solutions provided in this application can also be applied to non-terrestrial network (NTN) systems such as inter-satellite communication and satellite communication.

[0080] As an example, a satellite communication system includes a satellite base station and terminal equipment. The satellite base station provides communication services to the terminal equipment. Satellite base stations can also communicate with each other. A satellite can act as a base station or as a terminal device. Here, "satellite" can refer to drones, hot air balloons, low-Earth orbit satellites, medium-Earth orbit satellites, high-Earth orbit satellites, etc. "Satellite" can also refer to non-terrestrial base stations or non-terrestrial equipment.

[0081] As an example, V2X communication can include: vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication, vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communication, vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P) communication, and vehicle-to-network (V2N) communication.

[0082] In a communication system, a device can send signals to or receive signals from another device. These signals can include information, signaling, or data. The device can also be replaced by an entity, network entity, communication equipment, communication module, node, communication node, etc. This application uses a device as an example for description.

[0083] The terminal device in this application embodiment can be a device or module that accesses the aforementioned communication system and has corresponding communication functions. The terminal device can include various devices with wireless communication capabilities, which can be used to connect people, objects, machines, etc. The terminal device can be widely applied in various scenarios, such as: cellular communication, D2D, V2X, peer-to-peer (P2P), M2M, MTC, IoT, virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), industrial control, autonomous driving, telemedicine, smart grids, smart furniture, smart offices, smart wearables, smart transportation, smart cities, drones, robots, remote sensing, passive sensing, positioning, navigation and tracking, autonomous delivery, etc. The terminal device can be a terminal in any of the above scenarios, such as an MTC terminal, an IoT terminal, etc. Terminal equipment can be user equipment (UE), terminal, fixed equipment, mobile station equipment or mobile equipment, subscriber unit, handheld device, vehicle-mounted equipment, wearable device, cellular phone, smartphone, session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, wireless data card, personal digital assistant (PDA), computer, tablet computer, laptop computer, wireless modem, handset, laptop computer, computer with wireless transceiver capability, smart book, vehicle, satellite, global positioning system (GPS) device, target tracking device, aircraft (e.g., drone, helicopter, multiple helicopters, four helicopters, or airplanes), ship, remote control device, smart home device, industrial equipment, transportation vehicle with wireless communication capability, communication module, or roadside unit with terminal function, all conforming to the 3GPP standard. The device may be a wireless communication unit (RSU), or a device built into the aforementioned device (e.g., a communication module, modem, or chip in the aforementioned device), or other processing devices connected to the wireless modem.

[0084] It should be understood that in certain scenarios, a UE can also be used as a base station. For example, a UE can act as a scheduling entity, providing sidelink signaling between UEs in scenarios such as V2X, D2D, or P2P.

[0085] In this embodiment, the device for implementing the functions of a terminal device, i.e., the terminal device, can be the terminal device itself, or it can be any device capable of supporting the terminal device in implementing the functions, such as a chip system, chip, circuit, or communication module (i.e., a communication module that performs communication functions). This device can be installed in the terminal device. In this embodiment, the chip system can be composed of chips, or it can include chips and other discrete devices. Furthermore, the device can also be configured with program instructions for performing corresponding communication functions.

[0086] The network device in this application embodiment can be a device or module with corresponding communication functions. The network device can be a device used to communicate with terminal devices; it can also be called an access network device or a wireless access network device, such as a base station. In this application embodiment, the network device can refer to a radio access network (RAN) node (or device) that connects the terminal device to the wireless network. A base station can broadly encompass, or be replaced by, various names including: NodeB, evolved NodeB (eNB), next-generation NodeB (gNB), relay station, access point, transmitting and receiving point (TRP), transmitter, master station, auxiliary station, multiple standard radio (MSR) node, home base station, network controller, access node, wireless node, access point (AP), transmission node, transceiver node, baseband unit (BBU), remote radio unit (RRU), active antenna unit (AAU), remote radio head (RRH), central unit (CU), distributed unit (DU), positioning node, etc. A base station can be a macro base station, micro base station, relay node, donor node, or similar, or a combination thereof. A base station can also refer to a communication module, modem, or chip installed within the aforementioned equipment or apparatus. A base station can also be a mobile switching center, a device that performs base station functions in D2D, V2X, and M2M communications, a network-side device in future communication networks, or a device that performs base station functions in future communication systems. A base station can support networks using the same or different access technologies. The embodiments of this application do not limit the specific technologies or device forms used in the network equipment.

[0087] Base stations can be fixed or mobile. For example, a helicopter or drone can be configured to act as a mobile base station, and one or more cells can move depending on the location of the mobile base station. In other examples, a helicopter or drone can be configured as a device to communicate with another base station.

[0088] In some deployments, the network devices mentioned in the embodiments of this application may be devices including CU, or DU, or devices including CU and DU, or devices with control plane CU nodes (central unit-control plane (CU-CP)) and user plane CU nodes (central unit-user plane (CU-UP)) and DU nodes.

[0089] In some deployments, multiple RAN nodes collaborate to assist terminal devices in achieving wireless access, with different RAN nodes each implementing some of the base station's functions. For example, RAN nodes can be CUs, DUs, CU-CPs, CU-UPs, or radio units (RUs). CUs and DUs can be configured separately or included in the same network element, such as a BBU. RUs can be included in radio equipment or radio units, such as RRUs, AAUs, or RRHs.

[0090] In different systems, CU (or CU-CP and CU-UP), DU, or RU may have different names, but those skilled in the art will understand their meaning. For example, a radio access network can also be an open radio access network (O-RAN) architecture. In an O-RAN system, CU can also be called an open CU (openCU, O-CU), DU can also be called an open DU (open DU, O-DU), CU-CP can also be called an open CU-CP (open CU-CP, O-CU-CP), CU-UP can also be called an open CU-UP (open CU-UP, O-CU-UP), and RU can also be called an open RU (openRU, O-RU). Any of the units among CU (or CU-CP, CU-UP), DU, and RU in this application can be implemented through software modules, hardware modules, or a combination of software modules and hardware modules.

[0091] In this embodiment, the device for implementing the functions of a network device can be a network device itself, or a device capable of supporting the network device in implementing those functions, such as a chip system, chip, circuit, or communication module (i.e., a communication module that performs communication functions). This device can be installed within the network device. In this embodiment, the chip system can be composed of chips, or it can include chips and other discrete devices. Furthermore, the device can be configured with program instructions for performing corresponding communication functions. This embodiment only uses a network device as an example to illustrate the device for implementing the functions of a network device, and does not limit the solution of this embodiment.

[0092] Network devices and terminal devices can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld or vehicle-mounted; they can also be deployed on water; and they can also be deployed in the air on airplanes, balloons, and satellites. This application does not limit the scenario in which the network devices and terminal devices are located.

[0093] Combination Figure 1 The communication system applicable to the embodiments of this application will be described below.

[0094] See Figure 1 As an example, Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a wireless communication system applicable to embodiments of this application. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the wireless communication system includes a wireless access network 100. The wireless access network 100 can be a next-generation (e.g., future or later) wireless access network, or a traditional (e.g., 5G, 4G, 3G, or 2G) wireless access network. One or more terminal devices (120a-120j, collectively referred to as 120) can be interconnected or connected to one or more network devices (110a, 110b, collectively referred to as 110) within the wireless access network 100. Network elements in the wireless communication system are connected via interfaces (e.g., NG, Xn) or over-the-air interfaces.

[0095] When network devices and terminal devices communicate, the network device can manage one or more cells, and a cell can include at least one terminal device. A cell can be understood as an area within the wireless signal coverage range of the network device.

[0096] Figure 1 This is just an illustration; the wireless communication system may also include other devices, such as core network equipment, wireless relay equipment, and / or wireless backhaul equipment. Figure 1 It is not shown in the middle.

[0097] To facilitate understanding of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, some terms or concepts that may be involved in the embodiments of this application will be briefly described first.

[0098] 1. Perception: Also known as detection, this is the process of collecting and processing data to generate perception results. For example, data can be collected to determine the distance, shape, and type of surrounding obstacles; or data can be collected to determine the breathing rate and heart rate of a monitored object. The collected data can be obtained through sensors or through wireless signals.

[0099] Both wireless sensing and wireless communication are based on electromagnetic wave theory. The transmitting end modulates the electromagnetic wave signal, enabling it to carry source information. During propagation, the electromagnetic wave signal is affected by the wireless environment, meaning it can also carry environmental information. The receiving end analyzes the electromagnetic wave signal to obtain not only the carried source information but also sensing information reflecting the characteristics of the propagation environment. In other words, electromagnetic waves inherently possess both communication and sensing capabilities, making integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) possible. ISAC can also be called joint communications and sensing (JCAS) or simply integrated sensing and communication.

[0100] 2. Integrated Communication and Sensing: This is a key technology in future wireless communication networks. It aims to integrate wireless communication and sensing functions into the same system. By utilizing the various propagation characteristics of wireless signals, it can achieve sensing functions such as target positioning, detection, imaging, and identification, thereby obtaining information about the surrounding physical environment, exploring communication capabilities, and enhancing user experience.

[0101] For example, in a dual-base sensing mode, a first device sends a sensing signal, which is sensed by the echo signal reflected from a target in the environment. This echo signal is then received by a second device. The time delay of the echo signal relative to the sent sensing signal reflects the target's distance; the Doppler shift of the echo signal relative to the sent sensing signal reflects the target's velocity.

[0102] For example, in single-base sensing mode, the first device transmits a sensing signal. Unlike bibase sensing mode, this sensing signal can be received by the first device; that is, both the source and destination of the sensing signal are the first device. It should be understood that the echo signal is the signal after the sensing signal has been reflected by the target, resulting in power loss (or energy). In this application, for ease of description, the echo signal and the sensing signal will not be distinguished, and will be collectively referred to as the sensing signal.

[0103] 3. Sensing Signal: A signal used to sense (or detect) a target (or object). Sensing signals can also be called detection signals, linear frequency modulated signals, radar signals, radar sensing signals, radar detection signals, environmental sensing signals, etc. Sensing signals can be pulse signals or signals from wireless communication systems. For example, a sensing signal can be an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signal obtained by modulating a specific sequence on a subcarrier. This specific sequence can be any of the following sequences: Zadoff-Chu sequence (ZC sequence), pseudo-random sequence, predefined sequence, etc. Pseudo-random sequences include any of the following sequences: longest linear feedback shift register sequence (m-sequence), Gold sequence, etc. Predefined sequences can be, for example, random data symbols modulated by quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK), quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), etc.

[0104] 4. Sensing Target: Also referred to simply as a target, it can be any tangible object in the environment capable of reflecting / scattering / diffusing electromagnetic waves, such as mountains, forests, or buildings, and can also include mobile objects such as vehicles, drones, pedestrians, and terminal devices. A target can also be called a sensed target, a detected target, a sensed object, a detected object, or a sensed device, etc., and this application does not limit the terminology. For electromagnetic sensing, a target can generally be modeled as at least one scattering point (also called a scattering center), and the process of a target reflecting / scattering / diffusing electromagnetic waves can be equivalent to the process of at least one scattering point reflecting / scattering / diffusing electromagnetic waves. For point targets, the target can be modeled by one scattering point. For extended targets, the target can be modeled by multiple scattering points.

[0105] 5. Line-of-sight (LoS) channel: This refers to a channel where the propagation path of a sensing signal from the transmitter (second device) to the receiver (third device) is unobstructed by environmental objects. Environmental objects can be buildings, metal objects, the ground, or other objects that prevent the signal from directly reaching the receiver. Therefore, when sensing a target in a LoS sensing channel, the transmission power of the sensing signal can be adjusted based on the distance between the transmitter, the target, and the receiver.

[0106] 6. Non-line-of-sight (NLoS) channel: When a sensing signal senses a target between the transmitting end (i.e., the second device) and the receiving end (i.e., the third device), it will be reflected or diffracted by environmental objects one or more times. When the sensing signal is reflected or diffracted, it will consume the energy (or power) of the sensing signal. Therefore, compared with the LoS channel, the sensing signal has more complex power control information when sensing a target in the NLoS channel.

[0107] 7. Long Term Evolution Positioning Protocol (LPP): This is a protocol for location positioning technology in LTE networks. It defines the way target location measurement and message exchange are performed in LTE networks. In other words, the LPP protocol can transmit the relevant information of the sensed target measured by the sensed device to the terminal device to realize data interaction.

[0108] 8. New Radio Positioning Protocol A (NRPPa): This is a positioning protocol developed for communication networks that supports high-precision positioning. For example, NRPPa supports the use of millimeter-wave signals to sense the environment (such as identifying the material of objects in the environment). In terms of data interaction, compared to the LPP protocol, NRPPa can process data without relying on the computing power of the terminal device, so it can be widely used in data interaction between sensing devices and network devices.

[0109] 9. Path loss (PL): This is the attenuation of the sensed signal during propagation, usually related to the propagation distance and environment. For example, the power loss of the sensed signal gradually increases with the propagation distance, or the sensed signal may experience power loss due to reflection from environmental objects during propagation, thus causing signal attenuation. The transmitting end of the sensed signal can adjust the transmission power by controlling the path loss before transmitting the signal.

[0110] In a LoS (LoS) channel scenario, the transmitting end of the sensing signal can calculate the power loss based on the propagation distance of the sensing signal. This allows for continuous adjustment of the transmission power of the sensing signal during multiple target sensing operations, achieving accurate target sensing and reduced power consumption. However, when sensing targets in an NLoS (Non-LoS) channel, the sensing signal suffers additional power losses beyond those caused by reflections or diffraction from environmental objects. Therefore, adjusting the transmission power of the sensing signal based solely on path loss cannot achieve accurate target sensing. Consequently, adjusting the transmission power of the sensing signal solely based on the power loss caused by propagation distance is not suitable for target sensing in an NLoS channel scenario.

[0111] In view of this, this application proposes a sensing scheme that can be used for target sensing in NLoS channel scenarios. Specifically, one device provides another device with power control information of the sensing signal, which includes interaction information between the sensing signal and environmental objects. In this way, the other device can continuously adjust the transmission power of the sensing signal based on the power control information, thereby improving the accuracy of target sensing and reducing power consumption.

[0112] The methods provided by the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments provided by this application can be applied to the scenarios shown in the above figures and are not limited thereto. Furthermore, the terms used below are as explained above and will not be repeated hereafter. In addition, for ease of description, the first device, second device, third device, and fourth device are used as examples for illustrative purposes. As an example, the first device can be a core network device or a component of a core network device (e.g., a chip, chip system, circuit, or communication module), or the first device can be a network device or a component of a network device (e.g., a chip, chip system, circuit, or communication module). The second device can be a terminal device or a component of a terminal device (e.g., a chip, chip system, circuit, or communication module), or the second device can be a network device or a component of a network device (e.g., a chip, chip system, circuit, or communication module). The third device can be a terminal device or a component of a terminal device (e.g., a chip, chip system, circuit, or communication module), or the third device can be a network device or a component of a network device (e.g., a chip, chip system, circuit, or communication module). The fourth device may be a terminal device or a component of a terminal device (e.g., a chip, chip system, circuit, or communication module), or the fourth device may be a network device or a component of a network device (e.g., a chip, chip system, circuit, or communication module). Furthermore, the steps described below as being performed by a single executing entity can also be divided into steps performed by multiple executing entities, which may be logically and / or physically separate.

[0113] See Figure 2 As an example, Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a sensing method provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 The method 200 shown may include the following steps.

[0114] S210, the first device acquires sensing data.

[0115] In this context, the sensed data is associated with the sensed signal; in other words, the sensed data is data related to the sensed signal. For example, the sensed signal can be a bistatic sensed signal or a unistatic sensed signal. For instance, if a second device sends a sensed signal to a third device, this sensed signal can be called a bistatic sensed signal, meaning the source of the bistatic sensed signal is the second device and the destination is the third device. In this case, the sensed data is data related to the sensed signal between the second and third devices. As another example, if a second device sends a sensed signal and receives a sensed signal, this sensed signal can be called a unistatic sensed signal, meaning both the source and destination of the unistatic sensed signal are the second device. In this case, the sensed data can be data related to the sensed signal of the second device.

[0116] Optionally, the sensing data includes one or more of the following: the initial estimated position of the sensing target, environmental objects (i.e., objects that block the signal from directly reaching the receiver), the position of the first device, or the position of the second device. This information is described below.

[0117] 1) Sensing target: This can represent the target sensed by the sensing signal. For example, when the sensing signal propagates in the sensing channel, it senses the sensing target and thus determines the target's location information. Furthermore, the number of sensing targets can be one or more, without limitation.

[0118] 2) Environmental objects can refer to objects that prevent the sensing signal from directly reaching the receiver, or they can be understood as objects that cause the sensing signal to reach the receiver after reflection (or diffraction, transmission, scattering, etc.). For example, environmental objects can be buildings, metal objects, or the ground. During the process of sensing a target, the sensing signal may be reflected (or diffracted, transmitted, scattered, etc.) by environmental objects, resulting in power loss of the sensing signal.

[0119] 3) The first device may be a core network device or a network device with sensing capabilities.

[0120] 4) The second device can be either the source end of the sensing signal or the destination end of the sensing signal.

[0121] The method by which the first device acquires the sensing data is not limited. One possible implementation is that the first device acquires the sensing data by transmitting and receiving signals. For example, the first device can send multiple signals to the second device, through which it can perform preliminary sensing of the sensing target, thereby determining information such as the preliminary estimated position of the sensing target and / or environmental objects. It should be noted that the embodiments of this application do not limit the method of acquiring sensing data, and the first device can also acquire sensing data in other ways, such as acquiring sensing data from information stored in a communication system.

[0122] S220, the first device determines the power control information.

[0123] Power control information can be used to determine the transmission power of the sensing signal. As an example, power control information includes Loss of Speed ​​(LoS) or Non-LoS (NLoS) information corresponding to the sensing data. Furthermore, when the power control information includes NLoS information corresponding to the sensing data, the power control information can be used to determine (or adjust) the transmission power of the sensing signal in an NLoS channel scenario. In other words, the second device can continuously adjust the transmission power of the sensing signal during the sensing of one or more targets based on information about the effects of reflection (or diffraction, transmission, scattering) of the sensing signal through environmental objects.

[0124] Specifically, in S220, the first device can determine power control information based on the sensing data. As an example, the first device can use the sensing data and an environmental database to perform simulation modeling, simulating the sensing scenario of the sensing target during the propagation of the sensing signal between the second and third devices, and thus obtain power control information, such as the Loss-of-Stake (LoS) information or Non-LoS (NLoS) information corresponding to the sensing data. The environmental database can be stored by the first device, predefined, or obtained by the first device from other devices; it is not limited. The LoS information corresponding to the sensing data can include the LoS channel scenario of the sensing signal. The content of the NLoS information corresponding to the sensing data will be explained in detail later in conjunction with S240.

[0125] It is understood that the embodiments of this application do not limit the number of environmental objects that the sensing signal interacts with during propagation. Generally, a sensing signal reflected (or diffracted, transmitted, or scattered) by multiple environmental objects will lose more power than a sensing signal reflected (or diffracted, transmitted, or scattered) by a single environmental object. This is because the power loss increases with the number of reflections (or diffractions, transmissions, or scattering). In the following embodiments, for ease of description, the example of the sensing signal interacting with a single environmental object during propagation will be used.

[0126] Based on the above embodiments, by using simulation modeling and other methods to simulate the sensing data, the propagation process of the sensing signal can be reproduced to a large extent, thereby increasing the accuracy of the power control information of the sensing signal. Subsequently, based on the transmission power of the sensing signal obtained from the power control information, the position of the sensing target and other information can be accurately estimated, and unnecessary power output of the sensing signal transmitter can be saved.

[0127] Optionally, method 200 also includes S230.

[0128] S230, the first device sends a first instruction message. Correspondingly, the second device receives the first instruction message.

[0129] The first indication information can indicate power control information, that is, the first indication information can indicate the NLoS information corresponding to the sensing data. In other words, the first indication information can indicate the effect information of the sensing signal (such as the effect information of the sensing signal after reflection, diffraction, transmission or scattering).

[0130] The following explanation will consider two scenarios.

[0131] In scenario #1, the second device is a terminal device.

[0132] At this point, S230 includes the following implementation methods.

[0133] One possible implementation is that the first device directly sends the first indication information to the second device. The first indication information can be transmitted to the second device via LPP. It should be noted that this application does not limit the transmission method of the first indication information; the first device can also use other network protocols besides LPP to transmit the first indication information, such as 5G ultra-reliable and low latency communications (URLLC) and long-range wide area network (LoRaWAN) 3.0.

[0134] Another possible implementation involves the first device sending the first indication information to the second device via another device. Specifically, the first device may first send the first indication information to a third device (which may be a network device and the receiver of the sensing signal) or a fourth device (which may be another network device and is unrelated to the sensing signal); then, the third or fourth device sends the first indication information to the second device. The first device can send the first indication information to the third or fourth device via NRPPa. The first indication information sent by the third or fourth device to the second device can be carried in control signaling, such as downlink control information (DCI). For example, the third or fourth device can determine the configuration parameters of the physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) or physical downlink share channel (PDSCH) based on the master information block (MIB) and / or radio resource control (RRC), and then configure the PDCCH or PDSCH. The first indication information can be carried in the DCI associated with the PDCCH or PDSCH. Afterward, the third or fourth device can send the configuration parameters of the PDCCH or PDSCH and its associated DCI to the second device. In addition, this application embodiment does not limit the network protocol used by the first device to send the first indication information to the third or fourth device. The first device can also transmit the first indication information to the third or fourth device through network protocols such as ultra-wideband (UWB) 2.0 and Wi-Fi 7 hybrid link protocol (HLP).

[0135] It should be noted that the embodiments of this application do not limit the method by which the fourth device sends the first instruction information to the second device. For example, the fourth device may also send the first instruction information to the second device through a power control command (transmit power control, TPC).

[0136] In scenario #2, the second device is a network device.

[0137] At this point, S230 includes the following implementation methods.

[0138] In a possible implementation, the first apparatus may directly send first indication information to the second apparatus. Wherein, the first apparatus may send the first indication information to the second apparatus via NRPPa. It should be understood that the embodiments of the present application do not limit the network protocol adopted by the first apparatus for sending the first indication information to the second apparatus, and the first apparatus may also transmit the first indication information to the second apparatus via network protocols such as UWB 2.0 and Wi-Fi 7 HLP.

[0139] The above two scenarios are merely illustrated as examples, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto. Variations falling within the above examples are all applicable to the embodiments of the present application.

[0140] Method 200 further includes S240.

[0141] In S240, the second apparatus determines the transmit power of a sensing signal based on power control information.

[0142] Wherein, the term "determine" may also be replaced with terms such as adjust and update, and the term "determine" is uniformly used for description hereinafter.

[0143] As mentioned above, the power control information includes NLoS information or LoS information corresponding to sensing data, and the NLoS information corresponding to sensing data is mainly explained herein.

[0144] Optionally, the NLoS information corresponding to sensing data may include one or more of the following: an NLoS channel scenario of a sensing signal, path information of a sensing signal (i.e., a first path or a second path), sensing mode information of a sensing signal, action information of a sensing signal, distance information, an action coefficient, or an electric vector component coefficient. The above NLoS information will be described below.

[0145] 1) NLoS channel scenario of a sensing signal

[0146] The NLoS channel scenario is used to indicate that during the propagation of a sensing signal, there exists an environmental object that causes the sensing signal transmitted by the transmitting end of the sensing signal (i.e., the second apparatus hereinafter) cannot directly reach the receiving end of the sensing signal (i.e., the third apparatus or the second apparatus hereinafter). By way of example, the sensing signal needs to be acted on by the environmental object one or more times (i.e., actions such as reflection or diffraction) before being received by the receiving end of the sensing signal.

[0147] 2) Sensing mode information of a sensing signal

[0148] Sensing mode information is used to indicate the transmission direction of the sensed signal. As an example, the sensing mode information of a sensed signal may include uplink or downlink information; it can also be understood as indicating whether the sensed signal is an uplink or downlink signal. Here, an uplink signal is a signal sent from the terminal device to the network device, and a downlink signal is a signal sent from the network device to the terminal device.

[0149] 3) Information on the function of the sensing signal

[0150] Interaction information is used to represent the interaction between a sensed signal and environmental objects during propagation. As an example, the interaction information of a sensed signal may include at least one of the following: reflection information, diffraction information, transmission information, or scattering information of the sensed signal.

[0151] 4) Action coefficient

[0152] Interaction coefficients are used to represent the degree of interaction between a sensed signal and an environmental object. As an example, interaction coefficients include at least one of the following: reflection coefficient, diffraction coefficient, transmission coefficient, or scattering coefficient. These interaction coefficients are explained below.

[0153] The reflection coefficient represents the degree to which a sensed signal is reflected by objects in the environment. One possible implementation is that the reflection angle of the sensed signal decreases as the reflection coefficient increases. As an example, the reflection coefficient can include parallel polarization reflection coefficient and vertical polarization reflection coefficient.

[0154] Transmission coefficient is used to represent the degree to which a sensed signal is transmitted through environmental objects. As an example, transmission coefficient can include parallel polarization transmission coefficient and vertical polarization transmission coefficient.

[0155] Diffraction and scattering coefficients are used to represent the degree to which a sensed signal is diffracted or scattered by objects in the environment. As an example, the diffraction and scattering coefficients can be 2×2 matrix coefficients.

[0156] It should be noted that the reflection coefficient and transmission coefficient can be the corresponding coefficients of non-parallel polarization and non-perpendicular polarization, and the diffraction coefficient and scattering coefficient can be a single coefficient or a coefficient in three-dimensional space. The embodiments of this application do not limit this.

[0157] 5) Electric vector component coefficients

[0158] The electric vector component coefficients are used to represent the degree of vibration of the channel where the sensing signal is located on the environmental object. As an example, the electric vector component coefficients include parallel polarization reflection (or transmission) electric vector component coefficients, vertical polarization reflection (or transmission) electric vector component coefficients, and diffraction (or scattering) electric vector component coefficients. It should be noted that the above electric vector component coefficients can also be corresponding coefficients of non-parallel polarization and non-vertical polarization. This application does not limit this.

[0159] 6) Path information of the sensing signal

[0160] The path information of the sensed signal represents the information of the transmission path of the sensed signal. As an example, the path information of the sensed signal includes the path information of the first path and the path information of the second path.

[0161] The first and second paths will be introduced below in conjunction with the previous scenarios #1 and #2.

[0162] Scenario #1

[0163] Example #11: The second device is a terminal device, and the third device is a network device, meaning the sensed signal is an uplink signal; for example... Figure 3 The sensing signal first passes through the sensing target and then through the action of environmental objects (i.e., reflection, diffraction, transmission, or scattering), and is then received by a third device. This transmission path of the sensing signal can be called an example of the first path.

[0164] In Example #12, the second device is a terminal device, and the third device is a network device, meaning the sensed signal is an uplink signal; unlike Example #111, see [link to example #12](link to example #12). Figure 4 The sensing signal emitted by the second device first passes through environmental objects, then through the sensing target, and is finally received by the third device. This transmission path of the sensing signal can be called an example of the second path.

[0165] Example #13: The second device is a terminal device, and the third device is a terminal device; the sensing signal first passes through the sensing target and then through the action of environmental objects (i.e., reflection, diffraction, transmission, or scattering), and is then received by the third device. The transmission path of this sensing signal can be called two examples of the first path.

[0166] In Example #14, the second device is a terminal device, and the third device is a terminal device. Unlike Example 3, the sensing signal emitted by the second device first passes through environmental objects, then through the sensing target, and is then received by the third device. The transmission path of this sensing signal can be called the second path.

[0167] Example #15, the second device is a terminal device, and the sensing signal is emitted by the second device, such as... Figure 5The signal is transmitted through the sensing target, then through environmental objects, and finally received by the second device. This transmission path can be referred to as three examples of the first path.

[0168] Example #16: The second device is a terminal device, and the sensing signal is emitted by the second device. Unlike Example 3, see [link to example #16]. Figure 6 The sensing signal first passes through environmental objects, then through the sensing target, and is finally received by the second device. The transmission path of this sensing signal can be referred to as three examples of the second path.

[0169] Scenario #2

[0170] Example #21: The second device is a network device, and the third device is a terminal device, meaning the sensed signal is a downlink signal; for example... Figure 7 The sensing signal first passes through the sensing target and then through the action of environmental objects (i.e., reflection, diffraction, transmission, or scattering), and is then received by a third device. The transmission path of this sensing signal can be referred to as four examples of the first path.

[0171] Example #22: The second device is a network device, and the third device is a terminal device, meaning the sensed signal is a downlink signal; unlike Example 1, see [link to example #22](link to example #22). Figure 8 The sensing signal first passes through environmental objects, then through the sensing target, and is then received by a third device. This transmission path of the sensing signal can be called the second path.

[0172] Example #23: The second device is a network device, and the third device is a network device; the sensing signal first passes through the sensing target and then through the environmental objects, and is then received by the third device. The transmission path of this sensing signal can be called the first path.

[0173] In Example #24, the second device is a network device and the third device is a network device. Unlike Example 3, the sensing signal emitted by the second device first passes through environmental objects, then through the sensing target, and is then received by the third device. The transmission path of this sensing signal can be called the fifth example of the second path.

[0174] Example #25, the second device is a network device, and the sensing signal is emitted by the second device, such as... Figure 9 The signal is scattered by the sensing target, then acts on environmental objects, and is finally received by the second device. This transmission path can be referred to as one of the six examples of the first path.

[0175] Example #26: The second device is a network device, and the sensing signal is emitted by the second device. Unlike Example 3, see [link to example #26]. Figure 10 The sensing signal is first acted upon by environmental objects, then scattered by the sensing target, and finally received by the second device. This transmission path of the sensing signal can be referred to as one of the six examples of the second path.

[0176] 7) Distance information

[0177] Distance information represents the distance between the second device, the sensing target, environmental objects, and the receiving end of the sensing signal in the propagation channel of the sensing signal.

[0178] Furthermore, the second device can obtain the NLoS information or LoS information corresponding to the aforementioned sensing data based on the fields indicated on the power control information. For example, the first four fields on the power control information can respectively indicate the NLoS channel scenario or LoS channel scenario of the sensing signal, the sensing mode information of the sensing signal (i.e., uplink information or downlink information), the path information of the sensing signal (i.e., the first path or the second path), and the effect information of the sensing signal (i.e., reflection information or diffraction information, etc.). Specifically, the value of the first field of the power control information can be "0" or "1". "0" can represent the LoS channel scenario of the sensing signal, and "1" can represent the NLoS channel scenario of the sensing signal. Similarly, the value of the second field can also be "0" or "1". "0" can represent the uplink information of the sensing signal (i.e., the sensing signal is an uplink signal), and "1" can represent the downlink information of the sensing signal (i.e., the sensing signal is a downlink signal). By analogy, the second device can obtain other NLoS information or LoS information corresponding to the sensing data through the fields on the power control information.

[0179] Based on the above embodiments, by including the NLoS information corresponding to the sensing signal in the power control information, the power loss after interacting with environmental objects can be calculated in advance during the adjustment of the sensing signal before transmission, thereby improving the accuracy of estimating information such as the position of the sensing target through the sensing signal.

[0180] The following describes how to determine the transmission power.

[0181] In implementation method #1, the transmission power of the sensing signal is determined based on the reflection coefficient of the sensing signal and the distance information corresponding to the first path.

[0182] At this point, the propagation path of the sensing signal (i.e., the first path) can be emitted by the second device, pass through the sensing target, be reflected by environmental objects, and then be received by the third device (or the second device). Under this path, before emitting the sensing signal, the second device can determine a first distance factor and a first action factor based on the reflection coefficient, the reflection electric vector component coefficient, and the distance information corresponding to the first path. These first distance factor and first action factor can be used to determine path loss, and path loss can be used to determine (or adjust) the transmission power of the sensing signal.

[0183] Specifically, taking the reflection coefficients as parallel polarization reflection coefficients and vertical polarization reflection coefficients, and the electric vector component coefficients as parallel polarization electric vector component coefficients and vertical polarization electric vector component coefficients as examples, the second device calculates the first distance factor X1 and the first action factor X2 based on formulas (1) and (2), respectively.

[0184]

[0185] Among them, such as Figure 3 , 5 As shown in Figures 7 or 9, the distance information corresponding to the first path includes d1, d2, and d3 in this implementation method. d1 is the distance between the second device and the sensing target, d2 is the distance between the sensing target and the environmental object, and d3 is the distance between the environmental object and the receiving end of the sensing signal (i.e., the second device or the third device).

[0186] X2=(R ∥ ·a ∥1 ) 2 +(R ⊥ ·a ⊥1 ) 2 (2)

[0187] Among them, R ∥ R is the parallel polarization reflection coefficient. ⊥ Let a be the vertically polarized reflection coefficient. ∥1 For the parallel polarization reflection electric vector component coefficients, a ⊥1 The reflection coefficient is the vertical polarization reflection electric vector component coefficient. It should be noted that the embodiments of this application do not limit the reflection coefficient in formula (2) to be the parallel polarization reflection coefficient or the vertical polarization reflection coefficient. The reflection coefficient can also be other polarization correlation coefficients that are not parallel or perpendicular to the reflecting surface (i.e., non-parallel polarization reflection coefficient, non-vertical polarization reflection coefficient).

[0188] Furthermore, the second device can determine the road loss PL based on the first distance factor X1 and the first action factor X2, which satisfies formula (3). Among them, the road loss is positively correlated with the reciprocal of the first distance factor and / or positively correlated with the first action factor.

[0189]

[0190] The second device can adjust the transmission power of the sensing signal based on the path loss value. For example, a fixed-step power adjustment technique can be used, that is, the transmission power of the sensing signal is controlled in a stepwise manner based on the path loss of the sensing signal. Specifically, the transmission power of the sensing signal in the current operation can be calculated based on a fixed adjustment step size (e.g., 2dB), the target path loss of the sensing signal (i.e., the path loss obtained from the first distance factor and the first action factor in the simulation scenario above), the previous transmission power of the sensing signal, and the previous path loss of the sensing signal. It should be noted that this application does not limit the method by which the second device determines (or adjusts) the transmission power of the sensing signal based on path loss. The second device can also use methods such as fuzzy logic control, deep reinforcement learning, and digital twin collaborative optimization to determine (or adjust) the transmission power of the sensing signal based on path loss.

[0191] Based on the above technical solution, by using the path loss that includes information about the interaction between the sensing signal and environmental objects, the transmission power of the sensing signal in the NLoS scenario can be precisely adjusted, thereby obtaining accurate information such as the location of the sensing target, and also saving unnecessary power output from the sensing signal transmitter.

[0192] In implementation method #2, the transmission power of the sensing signal is determined based on the reflection coefficient of the sensing signal and the distance information corresponding to the second path.

[0193] At this point, the propagation path of the sensing signal (i.e., the second path) can be emitted by the second device, reflected by the sensing target, then passed through the sensing target again, and finally received by the third device (or the second device). Unlike Example 1, in this path, the second device determines the first distance factor based on the distance information corresponding to the second path.

[0194] Specifically, the second device can calculate the first distance factor X1 based on formula (4), while the calculation method of the first action factor X2 can refer to Example 1 (i.e. formula (2)).

[0195]

[0196] Among them, such as Figure 4 , 6 As shown in Figures 8 or 10, the distance information corresponding to the second path includes d1, d2, and d3 in this implementation. d1 is the distance between the second device and the environmental object, d2 is the distance between the sensing target and the environmental object, and d3 is the distance between the receiving end of the sensing signal (i.e., the second device or the third device) and the sensing target.

[0197] Furthermore, referring to the method described in Example 1, the second device determines the path loss based on the first distance factor and the first action factor, and then determines (or adjusts) the transmission power of the sensing signal based on the path loss.

[0198] In implementation method #3, the transmission power of the sensing signal is determined based on the transmission coefficient of the sensing signal and the distance information corresponding to the first path.

[0199] At this point, the propagation path of the sensing signal (i.e., the first path) can be emitted by the second device, pass through the sensing target, be transmitted through environmental objects, and then be received by the third device (or the second device). Unlike Example 1, in this path, the second device determines the first action factor based on the transmission coefficient.

[0200] Specifically, taking the transmission coefficients as parallel polarization transmission coefficient and vertical polarization transmission coefficient, and the electric vector component coefficients as parallel polarization electric vector component coefficient and vertical polarization electric vector component coefficient as examples, the second device calculates the first action factor X2 based on formula (5). The calculation method of the first distance factor X1 can refer to Example 1 (i.e. formula (1)).

[0201] X2=(T ∥ ·a ∥2 ) 2 +(T ⊥ ·a ⊥2 ) 2 (5)

[0202] Among them, T ∥ T is the parallel polarization transmission coefficient. ⊥ Let a be the vertically polarized transmission coefficient. ∥2 For the parallel polarization transmission electric vector component coefficient, a ⊥2 The transmission vector component coefficient is the vertical polarization transmission coefficient. It should be noted that the embodiments of this application do not limit the transmission coefficient in formula (5) to be the parallel polarization transmission coefficient or the vertical polarization transmission coefficient. The transmission coefficient can also be other polarization correlation coefficients that are not parallel or perpendicular to the transmission surface (i.e., non-parallel polarization transmission coefficient, non-vertical polarization transmission coefficient).

[0203] Furthermore, referring to the method described in Example 1, the second device determines the path loss based on the first distance factor and the first action factor, and then determines (or adjusts) the transmission power of the sensing signal based on the path loss.

[0204] In implementation method #4, the transmission power of the sensing signal is determined based on the transmission coefficient of the sensing signal and the distance information corresponding to the second path.

[0205] At this time, the propagation path of the sensing signal (i.e., the second path) can be emitted by the second device, transmitted through the sensing target, then passed through the sensing target, and then received by the third device (or the second device). Unlike Example 2, in this path, the second device determines the first action factor according to formula (5), and the calculation method of the first distance factor can refer to Example 2 (i.e., formula (4)).

[0206] Furthermore, referring to the method described in Example 1, the second device determines the path loss based on the first distance factor and the first action factor, and then determines (or adjusts) the transmission power of the sensing signal based on the path loss.

[0207] In implementation method #5, the transmission power of the sensing signal is determined based on the diffraction coefficient of the sensing signal and the distance information corresponding to the first path.

[0208] At this point, the propagation path of the sensing signal (i.e., the first path) can be emitted by the second device, pass through the sensing target, diffract through environmental objects, and then be received by the third device (or the second device). Under this path, before emitting the sensing signal, the second device can determine the first distance factor and the first action factor based on the diffraction coefficient, the diffraction electric vector component coefficient, and the distance information corresponding to the first path.

[0209] Specifically, taking the diffraction coefficient as 2×2 diffraction matrix coefficient and the electric vector component coefficient as diffraction electric vector component coefficient as an example, the second device can determine the first distance factor X1 and the first action factor X2 according to formula (6) and formula (7) respectively.

[0210]

[0211] Among them, such as Figure 3 , 5 As shown in Figures 7 or 9, the distance information corresponding to the first path includes d1, d2, and d3 in this implementation, where d1 is the distance between the second device and the sensing target, d2 is the distance between the sensing target and the environmental object, and d3 is the distance between the environmental object and the receiving end of the sensing signal.

[0212] X2=(D1β1+D2β2) 2 +(D3β1+D4β2) 2 (7)

[0213] Wherein, D1 is the first diffraction coefficient in the 2×2 matrix coefficients, D2 is the second diffraction coefficient in the 2×2 matrix coefficients, D3 is the third diffraction coefficient in the 2×2 matrix coefficients, D4 is the fourth diffraction coefficient in the 2×2 matrix coefficients, β1 is the first electric vector component coefficient in the diffraction electric vector component coefficients, and β2 is the second electric vector component coefficient in the diffraction electric vector component coefficients. It should be noted that the embodiments of this application do not limit the diffraction coefficients; in addition to 2×2 matrix coefficients, the diffraction coefficients can also be a single diffraction coefficient or a three-dimensional diffraction coefficient, etc.

[0214] Furthermore, referring to the method described in Example 1, the second device determines the path loss based on the first distance factor and the first action factor, and then determines (or adjusts) the transmission power of the sensing signal based on the path loss.

[0215] In implementation method #6, the transmission power of the sensing signal is determined based on the diffraction coefficient of the sensing signal and the distance information corresponding to the second path.

[0216] At this point, the propagation path of the sensing signal (i.e., the second path) can be emitted by the second device, reflected by the sensing target, then passed through the sensing target again, and finally received by the third device (or the second device). Unlike Example 5, in this path, the second device determines the first distance factor based on the distance information corresponding to the second path.

[0217] Specifically, the second device can calculate the first distance factor X1 based on formula (8), while the calculation method of the first action factor X2 can refer to Example 5 (i.e. formula (7)).

[0218]

[0219] Among them, such as Figure 4 , 6 As shown in Figures 8 or 10, the distance information corresponding to the second path includes d1, d2, and d3 in this implementation. d1 is the distance between the second device and the environmental object, d2 is the distance between the sensing target and the environmental object, and d3 is the distance between the receiving end of the sensing signal (i.e., the second device or the third device) and the sensing target.

[0220] Furthermore, referring to the method described in Example 1, the second device determines the path loss based on the first distance factor and the first action factor, and then determines (or adjusts) the transmission power of the sensing signal based on the path loss.

[0221] In implementation method #7, the transmission power of the sensing signal is determined based on the scattering coefficient of the sensing signal and the distance information corresponding to the first path.

[0222] At this point, the propagation path of the sensing signal (i.e., the first path) can be emitted by the second device, pass through the sensing target, diffract through environmental objects, and then be received by the third device (or the second device). Under this path, before emitting the sensing signal, the second device can determine the first distance factor and the first action factor based on the scattering coefficient, the scattering electric vector component coefficient, and the distance information corresponding to the first path.

[0223] Specifically, taking a scattering coefficient of 2×2 scattering matrix coefficient and an electric vector component coefficient of scattering electric vector component coefficient as an example, the second device can determine the first distance factor X1 and the first action factor X2 according to formula (9) and formula (10) respectively.

[0224]

[0225] Among them, such as Figure 3 , 5 As shown in Figures 7 or 9, the distance information corresponding to the first path includes d1, d2, and d3 in this implementation, where d1 is the distance between the second device and the sensing target, d2 is the distance between the sensing target and the environmental object, and d3 is the distance between the environmental object and the receiving end of the sensing signal.

[0226] X2 = (D5β3 + D6β4) 2 +(D7β3+D8β4) 2 (10)

[0227] Wherein, D5 is the first scattering coefficient in the 2×2 matrix coefficients, D6 is the second scattering coefficient in the 2×2 matrix coefficients, D7 is the third scattering coefficient in the 2×2 matrix coefficients, D8 is the fourth scattering coefficient in the 2×2 matrix coefficients, β3 is the third electric vector component coefficient in the scattered electric vector component coefficients, and β4 is the fourth electric vector component coefficient in the scattered electric vector component coefficients. It should be noted that the embodiments of this application do not limit the scattering coefficients; in addition to the 2×2 matrix coefficients, the scattering coefficients can also be a single scattering coefficient or a three-dimensional scattering coefficient, etc.

[0228] Furthermore, referring to the method described in Example 1, the second device determines the path loss based on the first distance factor and the first action factor, and then determines (or adjusts) the transmission power of the sensing signal based on the path loss.

[0229] In implementation method #8, the transmission power of the sensing signal is determined based on the scattering coefficient of the sensing signal and the distance information corresponding to the second path.

[0230] At this point, the propagation path of the sensing signal (i.e., the second path) can be emitted by the second device, pass through the sensing target, be diffracted by environmental objects, and then be received by the third device (or the second device).

[0231] Specifically, the methods for determining the first distance factor and the first action factor can refer to the methods described in Example 7 (i.e., formulas (9) and (10)). It should be noted that in Example 8, see... Figure 4 , 6 8 or 10, in formula (9) d1 is the distance between the second device and the environmental object, d2 is the distance between the sensing target and the environmental object, and d3 is the distance between the receiving end of the sensing signal (i.e. the second device or the third device) and the sensing target.

[0232] Furthermore, referring to the method described in Example 1, the second device determines the path loss based on the first distance factor and the first action factor, and then determines (or adjusts) the transmission power of the sensing signal based on the path loss.

[0233] It should be noted that in the above implementation, i.e., during the process of adjusting (or determining) the transmission power of the sensing signal, the power control information received by the second device may include all the information and coefficients of the distance information and the action coefficient, or it may only include one or more of the information and coefficients of the distance information and the action coefficient. This application does not limit this. In other words, the first device may also send part of the information and coefficients of the power control information, such as the distance information and the action coefficient, to the second device according to the second device's need to adjust (or determine) the transmission power of the sensing signal.

[0234] For example, when the second device adjusts the transmission power of the current sensing signal based on the transmission power of the previous sensing signal, one possible implementation is that the second device does not need to change the corresponding action coefficients (i.e., reflection coefficient, diffraction coefficient, transmission coefficient, or scattering coefficient) of the sensing signal, but only needs to adjust the first distance factor according to the distance information. In this case, the first device can send power control information containing all or part of the distance information (i.e., including one or more of d1, d2, and d3) to the second device in the form of an information sequence. Then, the second device adjusts the transmission power of the sensing signal according to one or more distance information values ​​in the information sequence.

[0235] Based on the above embodiments, by using the distance information corresponding to the path information (i.e., the first path and the second path), the coefficient of the interaction between the sensing signal and the environmental objects, the first distance factor, the first interaction factor, and the path loss of the sensing signal are obtained. Then, based on the path loss, the transmission power of the sensing signal is calculated, and the accurate transmission power of the sensing signal in the NLoS scenario can be obtained.

[0236] The above examples are illustrative and the embodiments of this application are not limited thereto. They are variations of the above examples and are all applicable to the embodiments of this application.

[0237] Optionally, in the above embodiments, the first distance factor, the first action factor, and the path loss are determined by the second device based on the power control information. Alternatively, the first device, the third device (a network device, and the receiver of the sensing signal), or the fourth device (a network device) may also determine one or more of the first distance factor, the first action factor, and the path loss based on the power control information. Afterward, the first device, the third device, or the fourth device may send the determined results to the second device, and the second device may further determine the transmission power of the sensing signal based on the results.

[0238] As an example, after the first device determines the power control information, it sends the power control information to the fourth device. The fourth device determines the first distance factor and the first action factor based on the reflection coefficient and the distance information corresponding to the first path included in the power control information. Then, it sends the power control information, the first distance factor and the first action factor to the second device. The second device can determine the path loss according to formula (3). Furthermore, the second device adjusts the transmission power of the sensing signal based on the path loss.

[0239] The above embodiments describe in detail the sensing scenario where a single sensing target corresponds to a single sensing signal (i.e., a single sensing link). Optionally, the method described in the embodiments of this application can also be applied to the following three possible situations.

[0240] The first possible scenario is that one sensing target corresponds to multiple sensing links.

[0241] In this scenario, multiple sensing links between the second device (as a network device) and multiple third devices (terminal devices or network devices) may simultaneously contain multiple LoS sensing channels and NLoS sensing channels. In this case, when the first device sends the power control information of the aforementioned sensing links to the second device, the following examples can be applied.

[0242] Example 1: The first device sends power control information for all sensing links to the second device.

[0243] At this point, the second device can use different algorithms to process the power control information of the aforementioned sensing link according to the current sensing task requirements.

[0244] For example, the second device can adjust the transmission power of the sensing signals on at least one corresponding sensing link, such that the difference in the ratio #1 of the sensing signals on each sensing link corresponding to the second device during the sensing of a target is less than or equal to a first threshold. Here, ratio #1 represents the ratio of path loss to transmission power. For instance, assuming the sensing links corresponding to the second device include sensing link #1 and sensing link #2, the second device can adjust the transmission power of the sensing signals on sensing link #1 and / or sensing link #2, such that the difference between ratio #11 and ratio #12 is less than or equal to the first threshold. Here, ratio #11 represents the ratio of the transmission power of the sensing signal #1 (e.g., sensing signal #1) on sensing link #1 to path loss during the sensing of a target; ratio #12 represents the ratio of the transmission power of the sensing signal #2 (e.g., sensing signal #2) on sensing link #2 to path loss during the sensing of a target. The first threshold can be predefined or determined by the second device itself, and is not limited.

[0245] For example, the second device can adjust the transmission power of the sensing signal on at least one sensing link corresponding to the second device, so that the transmission power of the sensing signal on the at least one sensing link is equal to or higher than the path loss. For example, assuming that the sensing links corresponding to the second device include sensing link #1 and sensing link #2, the second device can adjust the transmission power of the sensing signal on sensing link #1 and / or sensing link #2, so that the transmission power of the sensing signal on sensing link #1 is equal to the path loss, and the transmission power of the sensing signal on sensing link #2 is higher than the path loss. In this way, it is possible to adjust the transmission power of the sensing signal on another part of the sensing link (such as sensing link #2) to meet the sensing task requirements while ensuring the minimum sensing performance of a part of the sensing link (such as sensing link #1).

[0246] Example 2: The first device sends power control information of the sensing link with the highest ratio of transmit power to path loss to the second device.

[0247] At this point, the first device can directly select the sensing link with the highest ratio of transmit power to path loss among multiple sensing links for transmission. In other words, the first device can determine the transmit power based on the path loss of each sensing link, then calculate the sensing link with the highest transmit power to path loss ratio, and then send the power control information of that sensing link to the second device. Typically, this sensing link is a Loss-of-Sight (LoS) sensing channel.

[0248] Example 3: The first device sends a portion (greater than 1) of the power control information of the sensing link to the second device.

[0249] At this point, the first device will consider various factors such as power, distance, and angle in the sensing requirements, and select some power control information of the sensing link to send to the second device.

[0250] Alternatively, this scenario can also involve multiple second devices (network devices or terminal devices) and multiple third devices (network devices or terminal devices) sensing a target. The method described in the above examples is also applicable, and the embodiments of this application do not limit the number of second and third devices in this scenario.

[0251] Based on the above technical solution, by using multiple sensing signals (or sensing links) to sense a sensing target (which can be a sensing target), multiple sets of sensing data can be obtained. Compared with using a single sensing signal for sensing, more accurate information such as the location of the sensing target can be obtained.

[0252] The second possible scenario is that multiple sensing targets correspond to one sensing link.

[0253] In this scenario, the sensing signal between the second and third devices will sense multiple sensing targets (including the sensing target) during the propagation process.

[0254] The third possible scenario is that N sensing targets correspond to K sensing links, where N is greater than or equal to K, and both N and K are positive integers.

[0255] In this case, N can be greater than K, meaning there is a need for sensing multiple sensing targets in one sensing link, or N can be equal to K, meaning there is a one-to-one correspondence between N sensing targets and N sensing links.

[0256] The solutions of the embodiments of this application have been described above. Below, we will take the first device as a core network device, the second device as a terminal device, the third device as a first network device, and the fourth device as a second network device as an example, combined with… Figure 11 A process is proposed below. For solutions not described in detail below, please refer to the relevant descriptions above. They will not be elaborated upon here.

[0257] See Figure 11 , Figure 11 Schematic diagram 1100 of a sensing method provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0258] S1101, the core network equipment sends the first signal. Correspondingly, the terminal equipment receives the first signal.

[0259] The first signal is used to determine the initial estimated position of the perceived target and environmental objects. The first signal can be one or more. The core network device can determine (or calibrate) the initial estimated position of the perceived target and environmental objects by continuously sending the first signal to the terminal device.

[0260] Prior to this, core network equipment and terminal equipment can exchange capabilities, including but not limited to the sensing capabilities, sensing frequency bands, and methods for determining the initial estimated positions of sensing targets and environmental objects.

[0261] S1102, the core network equipment acquires sensing data and determines power control information.

[0262] The method used in this step can be referred to in the previous text. Figure 2 S210 in the method.

[0263] S1103, the core network device sends the first indication information. Correspondingly, the second network device receives the first indication information.

[0264] The method used in this step can be referred to in the previous text. Figure 2 S220 in the method.

[0265] S1104, the second network device sends power control information. Correspondingly, the terminal device receives the power control information.

[0266] The method used in this step can be referred to in the previous text. Figure 2 The first scenario of S220 in the method.

[0267] S1105, the terminal device determines the transmission power of the sensing signal.

[0268] The method used in this step can be referred to in the previous text. Figure 2 S230 in the method.

[0269] S1106, the terminal device sends a sensing signal. Correspondingly, the first network device receives the sensing signal.

[0270] Specifically, after receiving the sensing signal, the first network device determines the precise location of the sensing target based on the sensing data obtained during the signal's propagation. This precise location can be used as an initial estimate of the target's location for the next round of measurements, thus allowing for a more accurate determination of the target's location in the next measurement.

[0271] It is understood that, in the various embodiments of this application, unless otherwise specified or in case of logical conflict, the terms and / or descriptions of different embodiments are consistent and can be referenced by each other, and the technical features of different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments according to their inherent logical relationship.

[0272] It is also understood that, in the above-described method embodiments, the methods and operations implemented by devices (such as the first device and the second device, etc.) can also be implemented by components of the devices (such as chips or circuits).

[0273] The above, combined with Figures 3 to 11 The sensing method provided in the embodiments of this application is described in detail. The above-described sensing method is mainly introduced from the perspective of the interaction between a first device and a second device. It is understood that, in order to realize the above functions, the first device and the second device include hardware structures and / or software modules corresponding to the execution of each function.

[0274] Those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the units and algorithm steps described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein, this application can be implemented in hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is implemented in hardware or by computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0275] The following combination Figures 12 to 14 The communication device provided in this application is described in detail. It should be understood that the description of the device embodiments corresponds to the description of the method embodiments. Therefore, for details not described in detail, please refer to the method embodiments above; for brevity, some details are omitted.

[0276] This application embodiment can divide the transmitting or receiving device into functional modules according to the above method examples. For example, each function can be divided into its own functional modules, or two or more functions can be integrated into one processing module. The integrated module can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional module. It should be noted that the module division in this application embodiment is illustrative and only represents one logical functional division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods. The following description uses the division of functional modules according to each function as an example.

[0277] See Figure 12 As an example, Figure 12 This is a schematic block diagram of a communication device 10 provided in an embodiment of this application. The device 10 includes a transceiver module 11 and a processing module 12. The transceiver module 11 can implement corresponding communication functions, and the processing module 12 is used for data processing. In other words, the transceiver module 11 is used to perform operations related to receiving and sending, while the processing module 12 is used to perform other operations besides receiving and sending. The transceiver module 11 can also be referred to as a communication interface or a communication unit.

[0278] Optionally, the device 10 further includes a storage module 13, which can be used to store instructions and / or data. The processing module 12 can read the instructions and / or data in the storage module to enable the device to perform the operation of the device in the aforementioned method embodiments.

[0279] In one possible design, the device 10 may correspond to the first device in the above method embodiment. The device 10 may implement the steps or processes performed by the first device in the above method embodiment, wherein the transceiver module 11 may be used to perform transceiver-related operations of the first device in the above method embodiment, and the processing module 12 may be used to perform processing-related operations of the first device in the above method embodiment.

[0280] In one possible implementation, the transceiver module 11 is used for the first device to send first indication information to the second device, the first indication information indicating power control information, and the power control information is used by the second device to determine the transmission power of the sensing signal; the processing module 12 is used for the first device to acquire sensing data and determine the power control information.

[0281] Optionally, the transceiver module 11 can also be used to send one or more first signals from the first device to the second device.

[0282] In another possible design, the device 10 may correspond to the second device in the above method embodiment. The device 10 may implement the steps or processes performed by the second device in the above method embodiment, wherein the transceiver module 11 may be used to perform transceiver-related operations of the second device in the above method embodiment, and the processing module 12 may be used to perform processing-related operations of the second device in the above method embodiment.

[0283] In one possible implementation, the transceiver module 11 is used for the second device to receive first indication information from the first device, the first indication information indicating power control information, and the power control information is used by the second device to determine the transmission power of the sensing signal; the processing module 12 is used for the second device to determine the transmission power of the sensing signal.

[0284] Optionally, the transceiver module 11 is also used for the second device to send sensing signals to the third device.

[0285] It should be understood that the specific process of each unit performing the above-mentioned corresponding steps has been described in detail in the above method embodiments, and will not be repeated here for the sake of brevity.

[0286] It should also be understood that the device 10 here is embodied in the form of a functional module. The term "module" here can refer to an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), electronic circuitry, a processor (e.g., a shared processor, a proprietary processor, or a group processor, etc.) and memory for executing one or more software or firmware programs, integrated logic circuitry, and / or other suitable components supporting the described functions. In an alternative example, those skilled in the art will understand that device 10 may be specifically a first device in the above embodiments, used to execute the various processes and / or steps corresponding to the first device in the above method embodiments; or, device 10 may be specifically a second device in the above embodiments, used to execute the various processes and / or steps corresponding to the second device in the above method embodiments.

[0287] The apparatus 10 of each of the above-described schemes has the function of implementing the corresponding steps performed by the devices (such as the first and second apparatuses) in the above-described methods. This function can be implemented by hardware or by hardware executing corresponding software. The hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above-described functions; for example, the transceiver module can be replaced by a transceiver (for example, the transmitting unit in the transceiver module can be replaced by a transmitter, and the receiving unit in the transceiver module can be replaced by a receiver), and other units, such as processing modules, can be replaced by processors, which respectively execute the transceiver operations and related processing operations in each method embodiment.

[0288] In addition, the transceiver module 11 can also be a transceiver circuit (for example, it may include a receiving circuit and a transmitting circuit), and the processing module can be a processing circuit.

[0289] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of another communication device 20 provided in an embodiment of this application. The device 20 includes a processor 21, which is used to execute computer programs or instructions stored in a memory 22, or to read data / signaling stored in the memory 22, to perform the methods in the above-described method embodiments. In one possible implementation, the processor 21 may be one or more.

[0290] One possible implementation is, such as Figure 13 As shown, the device 20 also includes a memory 22 for storing computer programs or instructions and / or data. The memory 22 may be integrated with the processor 21 or it may be disposed separately. In one possible implementation, there may be one or more memories 22.

[0291] One possible implementation is, such as Figure 13As shown, the device 20 also includes a transceiver 23 for receiving and / or transmitting signals. For example, the processor 21 controls the transceiver 23 to receive and / or transmit signals.

[0292] As one option, the device 20 is used to implement the operations performed by the first device, the second device, the third device, or the fourth device in the various method embodiments described above.

[0293] It should be understood that the processor mentioned in the embodiments of this application can be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. A general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0294] It should also be understood that the memory mentioned in the embodiments of this application can be volatile memory and / or non-volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM). For example, RAM can be used as an external cache. As examples, RAM includes various forms such as: static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous linked dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct rambus RAM (DR RAM).

[0295] It should be noted that when the processor is a general-purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, FPGA, or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic device, or discrete hardware component, the memory (storage module) can be integrated into the processor.

[0296] It should also be noted that the memory described herein is intended to include, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0297] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of a chip system 30 provided in an embodiment of this application. The chip system 30 (or processing system) includes logic circuitry 31 and an input / output interface 32.

[0298] The logic circuit 31 can be a processing circuit in the chip system 30. The logic circuit 31 can be coupled to a memory unit, calling instructions from the memory unit, enabling the chip system 30 to implement the methods and functions of the embodiments of this application. The input / output interface 32 can be an input / output circuit in the chip system 30, outputting processed information from the chip system 30, or inputting data or signaling information to be processed into the chip system 30 for processing.

[0299] As one approach, the chip system 30 is used to implement the operations performed by the communication device (such as the first device, the second device, the third device, or the fourth device) in the various method embodiments described above.

[0300] For example, logic circuit 31 is used to implement processing-related operations performed by the communication device (such as the first device, the second device, the third device, or the fourth device) in the above method embodiments; input / output interface 32 is used to implement sending and / or receiving-related operations performed by the communication device (such as the first device, the second device, the third device, or the fourth device) in the above method embodiments.

[0301] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions for implementing the methods executed by a communication device (such as a first device, a second device, a third device, or a fourth device) in the above-described method embodiments.

[0302] For example, when the computer program is executed by a computer, the computer can implement the methods performed by the communication device (such as the first device, the second device, the third device, or the fourth device) in the various embodiments of the above methods.

[0303] This application also provides a computer program product comprising instructions which, when executed by a computer, implement the methods described above that are performed by a communication device (such as a first device, a second device, a third device, or a fourth device).

[0304] This application also provides a communication system, including at least one of the aforementioned first device, second device, third device, or fourth device.

[0305] The explanations and beneficial effects of the relevant contents in any of the devices provided above can be found in the corresponding method embodiments provided above, and will not be repeated here.

[0306] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0307] Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0308] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0309] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0310] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0311] If the aforementioned functions are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, essentially, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0312] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A sensing method, characterized in that, Applied to a first device, the method includes: Acquire sensing data, which is associated with sensing signals emitted by the second device; The power control information is determined, which includes NLoS information corresponding to the sensing data, and is used to determine the transmission power of the sensing signal.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method includes: Send a first indication message, which indicates the power control information.

3. A sensing method, characterized in that, Applied to a second device, the method includes: The system receives first indication information, which indicates power control information. The power control information includes NLoS information corresponding to the sensing data. The sensing data is associated with a sensing signal transmitted by the second device. The power control information is used to determine the transmission power of the sensing signal.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The NLoS information corresponding to the sensing data includes one or more of the following: The sensing mode information of the sensing signal, the function information of the sensing signal, or the path information of the sensing signal.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The functional information includes one or more of the following: reflection information of the sensing signal, diffraction information of the sensing signal, transmission information of the sensing signal, or scattering information of the sensing signal.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The NLoS information corresponding to the sensing data also includes one or more of the following: Distance information, reflection coefficient, diffraction coefficient, transmission coefficient, scattering coefficient, or electric vector component coefficient.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The power control information is used to determine the transmission power of the sensing signal, including: a first distance factor and / or a first action factor for determining the transmission power, wherein the first distance factor is determined based on the distance information, and the first action factor is determined based on the reflection coefficient, the diffraction coefficient, the transmission coefficient, the scattering coefficient, and the electric vector component coefficient.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The transmission power of the sensing signal is related to the path loss, which is positively correlated with the reciprocal of the first distance factor and / or positively correlated with the first action factor.

9. The method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, The first distance factor X1 satisfies the following formula: Wherein, d1 is the distance between the second device and the sensing target, d2 is the distance between the sensing target and the environmental object, and d3 is the distance between the environmental object and the receiving end of the sensing signal.

10. The method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, The first distance factor X1 satisfies the following formula: Wherein, d1 is the distance between the second device and the environmental object, d2 is the distance between the sensing target and the environmental object, and d3 is the distance between the sensing target and the receiving end of the sensing signal.

11. The method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, The first distance factor X1 satisfies the following formula: Wherein, d1 is the distance between the second device and the sensing target, d2 is the distance between the sensing target and the environmental object, and d3 is the distance between the environmental object and the receiving end of the sensing signal.

12. The method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, The first distance factor X1 satisfies the following formula: Wherein, d1 is the distance between the second device and the environmental object, d2 is the distance between the sensing target and the environmental object, and d3 is the distance between the sensing target and the receiving end of the sensing signal.

13. The method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, The first distance factor X1 satisfies the following formula: Wherein, d1 is the distance between the second device and the sensing target, d2 is the distance between the sensing target and the environmental object, and d3 is the distance between the environmental object and the receiving end of the sensing signal; or, d1 is the distance between the second device and the environmental object, d2 is the distance between the sensing target and the environmental object, and d3 is the distance between the sensing target and the receiving end of the sensing signal.

14. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that, The reflection coefficient includes the parallel polarization reflection coefficient R. ∥ Vertical polarization reflection coefficient R ⊥ The electric vector component coefficients include the parallel polarization reflection electric vector component coefficient a. ∥1 Vertical polarization reflected electric vector component coefficient a ⊥1 ; The first action factor X2 satisfies the following formula: X2=(R ∥ ·a ∥1 ) 2 +(R ⊥ ·a ⊥1 ) 2 。 15. The method according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that, The diffraction coefficients include a first diffraction coefficient D1, a second diffraction coefficient D2, a third diffraction coefficient D3, and a fourth diffraction coefficient D4; the electric vector component coefficients include a first electric vector component coefficient β1 and a second electric vector component coefficient β2. The first action factor X2 satisfies the following formula: X2=(D1β1+D2β2) 2 +(D3β1+D4β2) 2 。 16. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that, The reflection coefficient includes the parallel polarization transmission coefficient R. ∥ Vertical polarization transmission coefficient R ⊥ The electric vector component coefficients include the parallel polarization transmission electric vector component coefficient a. ∥2 Vertical polarization transmission electric vector component coefficient a ⊥2 ; The first action factor X2 satisfies the following formula: X2=(T ∥ ·a ∥2 ) 2 +(T ⊥ ·a ⊥2 ) 2 。 17. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that, The diffraction coefficients include a first scattering coefficient D5, a second scattering coefficient D6, a third scattering coefficient D7, and a fourth scattering coefficient D8; the electric vector component coefficients include a third electric vector component coefficient β3 and a fourth electric vector component coefficient β4. The first action factor X2 satisfies the following formula: X2=(D5β3+D6β4) 2 +(D7β3+D8β4) 2 。 18. A communication device, characterized in that, It includes at least one processor, the at least one processor being configured to execute a computer program or instructions, causing the apparatus to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 17.

19. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program or instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 17.

20. A computer program product, characterized in that, When the computer program product is run on a computer, it causes the computer to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 17.

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