Multi-source data concurrent narrow bandwidth low power consumption access system for field monitoring site

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of wireless communication networks and discloses a narrow-bandwidth, low-power access system for concurrent multi-source data at field monitoring stations. The system includes: a data hierarchical mapping module, a time-frequency resource adaptive arbitration channel module, a nonlinear channel dynamic compensation scheduling module, and a channel phase adaptive hedging gating module. By collecting multi-source data streams to generate a feature data queue, calculating a dynamic access factor based on the signal-to-noise ratio and power consumption, and triggering state transitions, the system extracts the transient delay fluctuations during RF transceiver module state switching, calculates the fine phase offset, and attaches it to the wireless channel after moving the leading edge of the time slice. This invention utilizes the transient delay jitter from hardware switching to achieve micro-phase decoupling, suppresses signal collisions without global synchronization clock source constraints, eliminates high-concurrency retransmission deadlock, and reduces RF power consumption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a narrow-bandwidth, low-power access system for concurrent multi-source data at field monitoring stations, belonging to the field of wireless communication network technology. Background Technology

[0002] Existing field monitoring systems typically employ narrowband wireless networks and manage data transmission between distributed monitoring stations through random access protocols or timed polling mechanisms. To reduce the probability of collisions during centralized data uploads from multiple sources, existing solutions generally set up a collision avoidance window at the data link layer. These backoff schemes based on media access control protocols typically assume that the time required for the RF transceiver module to switch between transmitting and receiving states is fixed, and reserve a fixed protection interval accordingly. However, during high-frequency monitoring of sudden disasters such as landslides and collapses, multiple sensors may simultaneously generate a large amount of data in a short period of time. The RF transceiver module needs to continuously switch its operating state. Affected by device temperature rise and electromagnetic intermodulation interference, the impedance of the RF transceiver module will change, and its actual total state switching delay will also exhibit instantaneous fluctuations at the microsecond level. Existing wireless link scheduling schemes usually cannot detect and feedback these changes in the RF front end during the switching process in a timely manner, and still arrange data transmission according to the fixed nominal protection interval. This easily causes data frames transmitted by different monitoring stations to overlap in time, thereby causing coherent superposition collisions of air signals. After a collision occurs, the monitoring station needs to continuously retransmit data, which will consume a large amount of limited battery power.

[0003] To address the above issues, existing technologies typically reduce communication interruptions and collisions by increasing wireless transmission power or extending listening time. Increasing transmission power only improves wireless coverage to a certain extent and is still limited by the physical layer channel capacity, while also increasing energy consumption. Extending listening time keeps the RF front-end in a constant listening state, which is difficult to meet the long-term operation requirements of field monitoring stations. Another approach is to configure high-precision synchronization clock hardware for each monitoring station, but this not only increases the hardware cost of the nodes but also requires continuous power consumption to maintain clock synchronization, and it is difficult to handle the mutual influence between instantaneous changes in state switching delay and collision backoff. In addition to the hardware limitations of the monitoring stations, existing media access control mechanisms based on the software protocol layer also have limitations in handling bursty, high-concurrency data reception. However, it also faces unavoidable bottlenecks in power consumption and efficiency. For example, Chinese invention patent application CN105357768A discloses a method for implementing a wireless multi-channel MAC protocol. It designs a specific multi-channel MAC protocol to realize communication between wireless ad hoc network nodes. However, this scheme relies heavily on active channel listening at the protocol level, complex frame synchronization mechanisms, and high-frequency channel state switching. In the objective working conditions of field monitoring environment, where there is a lack of global synchronization clock source and power is extremely limited, the above-mentioned high-frequency interaction based on the protocol level generates communication energy consumption redundancy. Moreover, when facing high-concurrency burst data, it is impossible to decouple signal conflicts in real time at the physical timing layer, which leads to frequent triggering of the protocol retransmission mechanism, thereby causing communication link deadlock and a decrease in bandwidth utilization.

[0004] Therefore, in the absence of global synchronization clock hardware, how to use local registers to obtain the transient delay fluctuation when the working state of the RF transceiver module is switched, and accordingly adaptively adjust the start time of data frame transmission on the time axis to reduce channel collisions and accumulated power consumption when multiple data sources are uploaded concurrently, remains a problem that existing technologies need to solve. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems in the background art, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A narrow-bandwidth, low-power access system for concurrent multi-source data at field monitoring stations, comprising: The data classification and mapping module is used to collect multi-source data streams from monitoring stations and classify and map the multi-source data streams into characteristic data queues with different remaining lifetimes. The time-frequency resource adaptive arbitration channel module is used to detect the signal-to-noise ratio of the wireless channel and generate a transient state vector characterizing the carrying capacity of the wireless channel. The nonlinear channel dynamic compensation scheduling module, coupled with the data hierarchical mapping module and the time-frequency resource adaptive arbitration channel module, is used to receive transient state vectors, calculate dynamic access factors based on the input rate of multi-source data streams, remaining lifetime time, signal-to-noise ratio, and the remaining battery power of the current monitoring station, and initiate a state transition process when the dynamic access factor reaches a preset threshold. The state transition process drives the radio frequency transceiver module of the monitoring station to switch working states. The channel phase adaptive hedging gating module, located inside the nonlinear channel dynamic compensation scheduling module, is used to extract the difference between the transient total delay of the RF transceiver module's working state switching and the pre-stored rated state transition hysteresis to determine the transient delay fluctuation. It also calculates the fine phase offset based on the product of the dynamic access factor and the transient delay fluctuation, and uses the fine phase offset to move the starting edge of the channel occupancy time slice. It outputs a state transition command containing the fine phase offset and attaches the corresponding feature data queue to the narrowband wireless channel.

[0006] Preferably, when the nonlinear channel dynamic compensation scheduling module calculates the dynamic access factor, the product of the input rate of the multi-source data stream and the remaining lifetime constitutes the numerator, and the product of the signal-to-noise ratio and the remaining battery power constitutes the denominator. When the calculated dynamic access factor is greater than or equal to 0.45, a preset threshold is locked and the state transition process is triggered. When the monitoring station is under high concurrent load and the signal-to-noise ratio decreases, the nonlinear channel dynamic compensation scheduling module extends the retransmission protection window by amplifying the dynamic access factor.

[0007] Preferably, the channel phase adaptive hedging gating module performs phase decoupling calculations based on the following formula when calculating the fine phase offset: ,in, This is a fine phase offset. This refers to the transient time delay fluctuation. The channel phase adaptive hedging gating module presets the rated state transition lag to 5ms, and after capturing the total transient delay of the RF transceiver module switching working state, takes the difference between the total transient delay and 5ms as the transient delay fluctuation, so as to move the leading edge boundary of the feature data queue to send data frames on the microsecond time axis.

[0008] Preferably, the time-frequency resource adaptive arbitration channel module embeds a first-order Markov chain state prediction module. The first-order Markov chain state prediction module extracts the signal-to-noise ratio sequence of the three historical frames of the wireless channel and calculates the channel state transition probability of the next access period. When it is predicted that the wireless channel will transition from a stable state to a deep fading state, the time-frequency resource adaptive arbitration channel module outputs a channel degradation warning to the nonlinear channel dynamic compensation scheduling module, so that the nonlinear channel dynamic compensation scheduling module releases the allocation window of the low-priority feature data queue in advance and triggers the wireless channel preemption command of the high-priority feature data queue, so as to complete the burst transmission of emergency monitoring data before the channel quality deteriorates.

[0009] Preferably, the time-frequency resource adaptive arbitration channel module includes a physical layer detection module; when the packet loss rate of the wireless channel measured in real time continuously exceeds 35% and the remaining battery power of the monitoring station is less than 20%, the physical layer detection module activates a degradation suspension protection mechanism; under the degradation suspension protection mechanism, the time-frequency resource adaptive arbitration channel module controls the radio frequency transceiver module to cut off continuous high-frequency state sampling, switch to discrete periodic pulse channel detection mode, and instruct the nonlinear channel dynamic compensation scheduling module to suspend the mounting of low-priority feature data queues in discrete periodic pulse channel detection mode until the packet loss rate falls back to below 35%.

[0010] Preferably, the data hierarchical mapping module includes a multi-source sampling module, a timeliness analysis module, and a multi-level queue storage module. The multi-source sampling module accesses different types of sensor data streams within the field monitoring station and measures the input rate of the multi-source data streams in real time. The timeliness analysis module extracts the timestamps and lifetime termination thresholds of each sensor data stream and calculates the remaining lifetime. The multi-level queue storage module classifies, maps, and stores the multi-source data streams in high-priority, medium-priority, and low-priority feature data queues according to the remaining lifetime in ascending order. These feature data queues are then used by the nonlinear channel dynamic compensation scheduling module for priority scheduling.

[0011] Preferably, the data hierarchical mapping module, the time-frequency resource adaptive arbitration channel module, and the nonlinear channel dynamic compensation scheduling module are coupled to each other through an internal data bus; the channel phase adaptive offset gating module reads the sum of the phase-locked loop locking time fed back by the RF transceiver module and the power amplifier module enable delay in real time through the internal data bus, calculates the transient total delay, and performs the differential operation with the pre-stored rated state transition hysteresis in real time to generate the transient delay fluctuation.

[0012] Preferably, when the channel phase adaptive hedging gating module moves the beginning edge of the channel occupancy time slice using the fine phase offset, it adjusts the reference clock pulse of the medium access control layer data frame transmission timer to shift the start boundary of the time slice of the feature data queue to be mounted on the wireless channel backward by the duration indicated by the fine phase offset. This causes different monitoring stations in the same field monitoring network to generate non-overlapping adaptive transmission phase misalignment on the micro time axis when concurrently uploading data.

[0013] Preferably, when the time-frequency resource adaptive arbitration channel module detects the signal-to-noise ratio of the wireless channel, it uses the baseband signal processing module of the radio frequency transceiver module to periodically sample the out-of-band noise and in-band signal power within the guard interval of each access cycle, calculates the current channel signal-to-noise ratio value, and converts it into a transient state vector that characterizes the available bandwidth margin and fading state of the channel, which is then input into the nonlinear channel dynamic compensation scheduling module.

[0014] Preferably, after the nonlinear channel dynamic compensation scheduling module outputs a state transition command containing fine phase offset, it controls the radio frequency transceiver module to modulate the baseband data packets carrying the characteristic data queue to the designated frequency band wireless channel according to the narrowband wireless modulation mechanism; the channel phase adaptive hedging gating module drives each station to form micro-adaptive phase decoupling based on the different transient delay fluctuations generated by each concurrent station, suppressing coherent superposition and collision of air signals under the constraint of no external global synchronization clock source, and reducing radio frequency retransmission consumption.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. In the narrow bandwidth and low power access of multi-source data concurrency at field monitoring stations, the data hierarchical mapping module, the time-frequency resource adaptive arbitration channel module, and the nonlinear channel dynamic compensation scheduling module work together. The channel phase adaptive hedging gating module uses the transient delay fluctuations generated when the working state of the RF transceiver module switches to fine-tune the starting edge of the channel occupancy time slice. This is to ensure that the data frame transmission start times of different monitoring stations in the concurrent state are staggered, reducing the air signal coherent superposition collisions that occur when multiple stations compete for the narrowband wireless channel, improving the wireless channel utilization, and reducing the RF power consumption caused by collision retransmissions.

[0016] 2. The nonlinear channel dynamic compensation scheduling module calculates the dynamic access factor based on the input rate of multi-source data streams, remaining lifetime, signal-to-noise ratio, and remaining battery power. It also adjusts the transmission arrangement of characteristic data queues in conjunction with transient delay fluctuations. This allows it to simultaneously consider the urgency of the data, the quality of the wireless channel, and the remaining battery power of the monitoring station. When the signal-to-noise ratio decreases or the battery power decreases, it adjusts the retransmission protection time in a timely manner, preventing different monitoring stations from falling into continuous retransmission due to continuous competition for the narrowband wireless channel, thus improving the reliability of data transmission in multi-site concurrent situations.

[0017] 3. The time-frequency resource adaptive arbitration channel module uses a first-order Markov chain state prediction module to determine the changing trend of the wireless channel in the next access cycle. Before the wireless channel enters a deep fading state, it prioritizes the allocation of the wireless channel to high-priority feature data queues. This enables the early transmission of disaster monitoring data with high timeliness, reduces data loss caused by sudden deterioration of the wireless channel, and improves the timeliness and reliability of emergency disaster early warning data access to the wireless channel. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the multi-source data hierarchical scheduling and temporal adjustment process of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the data sampling, parsing, and hierarchical storage module of the present invention.

[0019] The objectives, features, and advantages of this invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0021] A narrow-bandwidth, low-power access system for concurrent multi-source data at field monitoring stations includes: The data classification and mapping module is used to collect multi-source data streams from monitoring stations and classify and map the multi-source data streams into characteristic data queues with different remaining lifetimes. The time-frequency resource adaptive arbitration channel module is used to detect the signal-to-noise ratio of the wireless channel and generate a transient state vector characterizing the carrying capacity of the wireless channel. The nonlinear channel dynamic compensation scheduling module, coupled with the data hierarchical mapping module and the time-frequency resource adaptive arbitration channel module, is used to receive transient state vectors, calculate dynamic access factors based on the input rate of multi-source data streams, remaining lifetime time, signal-to-noise ratio, and the remaining battery power of the current monitoring station, and initiate a state transition process when the dynamic access factor reaches a preset threshold. The state transition process drives the radio frequency transceiver module of the monitoring station to switch working states. The channel phase adaptive hedging gating module, located inside the nonlinear channel dynamic compensation scheduling module, is used to extract the difference between the transient total delay of the RF transceiver module's working state switching and the pre-stored rated state transition hysteresis to determine the transient delay fluctuation. It also calculates the fine phase offset based on the product of the dynamic access factor and the transient delay fluctuation, and uses the fine phase offset to move the starting edge of the channel occupancy time slice. It outputs a state transition command containing the fine phase offset and attaches the corresponding feature data queue to the narrowband wireless channel.

[0022] Preferably, when the nonlinear channel dynamic compensation scheduling module calculates the dynamic access factor, the product of the input rate of the multi-source data stream and the remaining lifetime constitutes the numerator, and the product of the signal-to-noise ratio and the remaining battery power constitutes the denominator. When the calculated dynamic access factor is greater than or equal to 0.45, a preset threshold is locked and the state transition process is triggered. When the monitoring station is under high concurrent load and the signal-to-noise ratio decreases, the nonlinear channel dynamic compensation scheduling module extends the retransmission protection window by amplifying the dynamic access factor.

[0023] Preferably, the channel phase adaptive hedging gating module performs phase decoupling calculations based on the following formula when calculating the fine phase offset: ,in, This is a fine phase offset. This refers to the transient time delay fluctuation. The channel phase adaptive hedging gating module presets the rated state transition lag to 5ms, and after capturing the total transient delay of the RF transceiver module switching working state, takes the difference between the total transient delay and 5ms as the transient delay fluctuation, so as to move the leading edge boundary of the feature data queue to send data frames on the microsecond time axis.

[0024] Preferably, the time-frequency resource adaptive arbitration channel module embeds a first-order Markov chain state prediction module. The first-order Markov chain state prediction module extracts the signal-to-noise ratio sequence of the three historical frames of the wireless channel and calculates the channel state transition probability of the next access period. When it is predicted that the wireless channel will transition from a stable state to a deep fading state, the time-frequency resource adaptive arbitration channel module outputs a channel degradation warning to the nonlinear channel dynamic compensation scheduling module, so that the nonlinear channel dynamic compensation scheduling module releases the allocation window of the low-priority feature data queue in advance and triggers the wireless channel preemption command of the high-priority feature data queue, so as to complete the burst transmission of emergency monitoring data before the channel quality deteriorates.

[0025] Preferably, the time-frequency resource adaptive arbitration channel module includes a physical layer detection module; when the packet loss rate of the wireless channel measured in real time continuously exceeds 35% and the remaining battery power of the monitoring station is less than 20%, the physical layer detection module activates a degradation suspension protection mechanism; under the degradation suspension protection mechanism, the time-frequency resource adaptive arbitration channel module controls the radio frequency transceiver module to cut off continuous high-frequency state sampling, switch to discrete periodic pulse channel detection mode, and instruct the nonlinear channel dynamic compensation scheduling module to suspend the mounting of low-priority feature data queues in discrete periodic pulse channel detection mode until the packet loss rate falls back to below 35%.

[0026] Preferably, the data hierarchical mapping module includes a multi-source sampling module, a timeliness analysis module, and a multi-level queue storage module. The multi-source sampling module accesses different types of sensor data streams within the field monitoring station and measures the input rate of the multi-source data streams in real time. The timeliness analysis module extracts the timestamps and lifetime termination thresholds of each sensor data stream and calculates the remaining lifetime. The multi-level queue storage module classifies, maps, and stores the multi-source data streams in high-priority, medium-priority, and low-priority feature data queues according to the remaining lifetime in ascending order. These feature data queues are then used by the nonlinear channel dynamic compensation scheduling module for priority scheduling.

[0027] Preferably, the data hierarchical mapping module, the time-frequency resource adaptive arbitration channel module, and the nonlinear channel dynamic compensation scheduling module are coupled to each other through an internal data bus; the channel phase adaptive offset gating module reads the sum of the phase-locked loop locking time fed back by the RF transceiver module and the power amplifier module enable delay in real time through the internal data bus, calculates the transient total delay, and performs the differential operation with the pre-stored rated state transition hysteresis in real time to generate the transient delay fluctuation.

[0028] Preferably, when the channel phase adaptive hedging gating module moves the beginning edge of the channel occupancy time slice using the fine phase offset, it adjusts the reference clock pulse of the medium access control layer data frame transmission timer to shift the start boundary of the time slice of the feature data queue to be mounted on the wireless channel backward by the duration indicated by the fine phase offset. This causes different monitoring stations in the same field monitoring network to generate non-overlapping adaptive transmission phase misalignment on the micro time axis when concurrently uploading data.

[0029] Preferably, when the time-frequency resource adaptive arbitration channel module detects the signal-to-noise ratio of the wireless channel, it uses the baseband signal processing module of the radio frequency transceiver module to periodically sample the out-of-band noise and in-band signal power within the guard interval of each access cycle, calculates the current channel signal-to-noise ratio value, and converts it into a transient state vector that characterizes the available bandwidth margin and fading state of the channel, which is then input into the nonlinear channel dynamic compensation scheduling module.

[0030] Preferably, after the nonlinear channel dynamic compensation scheduling module outputs a state transition command containing fine phase offset, it controls the radio frequency transceiver module to modulate the baseband data packets carrying the characteristic data queue to the designated frequency band wireless channel according to the narrowband wireless modulation mechanism; the channel phase adaptive hedging gating module drives each station to form micro-adaptive phase decoupling based on the different transient delay fluctuations generated by each concurrent station, suppressing coherent superposition and collision of air signals under the constraint of no external global synchronization clock source, and reducing radio frequency retransmission consumption.

[0031] Example 1: This example deploys a narrow-bandwidth, low-power access system for concurrent multi-source data from field monitoring stations in a field landslide displacement monitoring network. This monitoring network consists of multiple battery-powered monitoring stations. When a sudden displacement occurs in the mountain, the multiple sensors in each monitoring station will generate high-frequency, multi-source data streams in a short period of time, causing the instantaneous communication load of the narrowband wireless channel to become saturated. When the RF transceiver module continuously switches between transmitting and receiving states, internal temperature rise and electromagnetic intermodulation interference will cause transient impedance changes, causing the nominal 5-millisecond state transition hysteresis to fluctuate at the microsecond level. If different monitoring stations still transmit data at fixed protection intervals, their data frames are prone to time overlap in the air, forming coherent superposition and collision of signals in the air, which in turn causes continuous retransmission and increases RF power consumption.

[0032] During the operation of the monitoring station, the multi-source sampling module in the data hierarchical mapping module collects multi-source data streams generated by various sensors and measures the first... The input rate of the data stream is denoted as . ,in, Given the current data source sequence number participating in the scheduling, the timeliness parsing module reads the timestamp and lifetime termination threshold of the data packet, calculates the corresponding remaining lifetime, and records it as... The multi-level queue storage module stores multi-source data streams into high-priority feature data queues, medium-priority feature data queues, and low-priority feature data queues in order of remaining lifetime from shortest to longest.

[0033] Different types of sensor data streams use different lifetime termination thresholds. These thresholds are stored as initial control words in non-volatile memory before the system leaves the factory. High-frequency mountain deformation data and sudden vibration data have high timeliness requirements, and their lifetime termination thresholds are set to 200 milliseconds. The lifetime termination threshold for medium-frequency data such as ground fissure displacement is set to 1000 milliseconds. The lifetime termination threshold for low-frequency slowly varying data such as environmental temperature and humidity and battery voltage is set to 5000 milliseconds. The timeliness analysis module reads the corresponding threshold according to the timeliness identifier in the data packet header, uses the difference between the current system clock and the data packet timestamp to obtain the time the data packet has survived, and then subtracts this survival time from the lifetime termination threshold to obtain the current remaining lifetime time.

[0034] While completing data classification, the time-frequency resource adaptive arbitration channel module calls the baseband signal processing module of the RF transceiver module to periodically collect out-of-band noise power and in-band signal power within the guard interval of each access cycle, calculate the signal-to-noise ratio of the wireless channel, and record it as . The time-frequency resource adaptive arbitration channel module converts the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) into a transient state vector characterizing the wireless channel's carrying capacity. This transient state vector is a three-dimensional vector. The first dimension is the instantaneous SNR value directly measured in the current monitoring period. The second dimension is the standard deviation of the SNR over the last five consecutive periods. The third dimension is the proportion of available bandwidth margin estimated by Shannon's formula based on the current SNR and the rated channel bandwidth. After each periodic sampling, the local baseband processing unit writes the values ​​of the three dimensions into the corresponding state registers in the three-dimensional array register, combines them to form a transient state vector, and inputs it into the nonlinear channel dynamic compensation scheduling module as the basis for access priority determination and state transition triggering.

[0035] Nonlinear channel dynamic compensation scheduling module reads input rate Remaining lifespan Signal-to-noise ratio And the remaining battery power reported by the battery management unit. The dynamic access factor is calculated according to the following formula. : ,in, Indicates the first The input rate of the data stream. Indicates the remaining time of life. Indicates the signal-to-noise ratio of the wireless channel; This indicates the remaining battery power at the current monitoring station. When the controller performs calculations, it first normalizes the input rate to the channel's maximum designed transmission rate, then normalizes the remaining lifetime to the preset maximum survival window, converts the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) expressed in decibels to a linear value and normalizes it according to the set range, and finally normalizes the remaining battery power to the level of a fully charged battery. Therefore… It is a dimensionless relative correlation factor used to reflect the relationship between data transmission timeliness requirements and the current channel and power carrying capacity.

[0036] when When the threshold is greater than or equal to 0.45, the nonlinear channel dynamic compensation scheduling module locks the preset threshold and initiates the state transition process, driving the RF transceiver module to switch its operating state. Locking the preset threshold means maintaining 0.45 as the current comparison benchmark before the end of this state transition process, and not rewriting the threshold during the process execution. This threshold was determined through Monte Carlo link simulation and physical debugging of multi-sensor burst high-concurrency transmission under the conditions of a 433 MHz operating frequency band and a 125 kHz physical bandwidth. When the value is below 0.45, the current input load, channel quality, and remaining power are sufficient to meet data transmission requirements. The anti-collision gain from state switching is less than the additional energy consumption caused by frequent switching, and the system does not initiate the state transition process. When the value reaches or exceeds 0.45, the system initiates state transition and time slice adjustment.

[0037] Under high concurrency load, an increase in input rate or a decrease in signal-to-noise ratio will cause... Increase, nonlinear channel dynamic compensation scheduling module according to Compared to the increment of 0.45, the timeout trigger time of the media access control layer retransmission timer is delayed to extend the retransmission protection window; The larger the increment, the greater the delay in the timeout trigger. The retransmission protection window is maintained until the end of this state transition and data transmission action, allowing sufficient time for the RF transceiver module to complete the working state switch and adjust the channel occupancy time slice.

[0038] During the state transition process, when the RF transceiver module switches to the transmit state, the RF crystal oscillator and amplifier circuit are affected by temperature and impedance changes, resulting in a transient total delay. The channel phase adaptive hedging gating module is located inside the nonlinear channel dynamic compensation scheduling module. It reads the phase-locked loop lock time and power amplifier module enable delay fed back by the RF transceiver module through the internal data bus, and summarizes the two as the transient total delay for the current period. Subsequently, the channel phase adaptive hedging gating module calculates the difference between the transient total delay and the pre-stored rated state transition hysteresis, obtaining the transient delay fluctuation and recording it as... .

[0039] When the RF transceiver module continuously switches at high speed, the chip junction temperature changes, causing changes in the varactor diode capacitance and loop filter impedance of the voltage-controlled oscillator inside the phase-locked loop (PLL). This slows down the charging, discharging, and locking processes of the PLL, correspondingly delaying the output of the high-level lock signal from the lock detection circuit. When the antenna matching network experiences transient impedance changes, the reflected power and VSWR of the power amplifier module's output stage increase, generating transient reverse current disturbances. This prolongs the settling time required for the RF envelope to rise to 90% of its rated power, and also delays the level transition of the power amplifier module's enable feedback signal. The internal data bus reads the pulse widths of the PLL lock register and the power amplifier module enable register feedback levels to obtain the aforementioned two delays and calculate the total transient delay. It can reflect the current temperature rise and impedance changes of the RF front end.

[0040] The electromagnetic interference environment, device temperature rise, and impedance drift state vary at each monitoring station, resulting in different electromagnetic interference conditions. There are also differences; the channel phase adaptive hedging gating module will... and Multiply to calculate fine phase shift. : ,in, This is a fine phase offset. This refers to the transient time delay fluctuation. Since it is a dimensionless dynamic access factor, therefore, inherit The microsecond unit is used for the controller to retain a dimension calibration coefficient with a value of 1 when performing fixed-point multiplication. This coefficient is only used for the numerical calibration in the unified multiplication process and does not change the above-mentioned dimension relationship.

[0041] Channel phase adaptive offset gating module utilizes Adjust the reference clock pulse of the Media Access Control layer data frame transmission timer to shift the leading edge of the channel occupancy time slice corresponding to the feature data queue to be mounted on the wireless channel backward. The indicated duration, hereinafter referred to as the starting edge of the channel occupancy time slice, after which the channel phase adaptive offset gating module output includes... The state transition command is executed, and the corresponding feature data queue is attached to the narrowband wireless channel.

[0042] In the absence of an external global synchronization clock source, each monitoring station, before initiating data transmission, performs short-term carrier listening on the shared narrowband wireless channel through the physical layer detection module. Using the end time of the received network master control frame or the preamble of a nearby monitoring station as the local timing reference point, a relatively consistent virtual time slot start point is established. The channel phase adaptive offset gating module checks whether the leading edge of the shifted time slot falls within the occupied interval of an existing data frame, based on the channel occupancy period recorded by the physical layer detection module. Only when the shifted time slot does not overlap with the existing occupied interval does it output a state transition command and initiate transmission; if there is still overlap, carrier listening continues until the next available time slot resumes the current timing sequence. Perform a translation.

[0043] The time between two consecutive transmissions at each monitoring station typically does not exceed 100 milliseconds. Within this time range, the cumulative relative clock drift caused by local crystal oscillator deviation is usually less than 2 microseconds, which is lower than the fine phase offset of tens to hundreds of microseconds. Each monitoring station establishes a local reference with the same frame end time, and then bases its own... and By adjusting the leading edge of the time slice backward and combining it with channel occupancy interval checks, the concurrently transmitted data frames form an adaptive transmission phase misalignment that does not overlap. When the physical layer bandwidth is 125 kHz, this adjustment can ensure that the transmission start time avoids the signal transition overlap region, forming a micro-adaptive timing decoupling.

[0044] When landslide displacement intensifies and generates high-frequency concurrent data, if the input rate... Increase and signal-to-noise ratio The nonlinear channel dynamic compensation scheduling module decreases according to and calculate The channel phase adaptive hedging gating module moves backward to the leading edge of the time slice, thereby staggering the transmission times of different monitoring stations, reducing air signal coherence superposition collisions and continuous retransmissions caused by collisions, and reducing the retransmission power consumption of the RF transceiver module.

[0045] The physical layer detection module also measures the packet loss rate of the wireless channel in real time. When the packet loss rate continuously exceeds 35%, and When the ratio of battery charge to full charge is less than 20%, the time-frequency resource adaptive arbitration channel module initiates a degradation suspension protection mechanism, controlling the RF transceiver module to stop continuous high-frequency state sampling and switch to discrete periodic pulse channel detection mode. At the same time, the nonlinear channel dynamic compensation scheduling module suspends the loading of low-priority feature data queues. After the packet loss rate falls below 35%, the system exits the degradation suspension protection mechanism and resumes normal scheduling to reduce the power consumption of invalid listening, state switching and repeated transmission during periods of deteriorating channel conditions.

[0046] Example 2: This example uses a hardware-in-the-loop wireless distributed self-organizing network simulation test system to build a physical test platform. The operating frequency band of the test system is set to 433 MHz, the narrowband physical channel bandwidth is set to 125 kHz, and multiple monitoring stations powered by independent chemical batteries are configured. To reproduce the electromagnetic interference at the field landslide monitoring site, a vector signal generator superimposes Gaussian white noise with a signal-to-noise ratio of 20 dB and power frequency harmonic interference with a frequency of 50 Hz onto the physical channel. A multi-channel digital phosphor oscilloscope is used to collect transient waveforms and timing data of the RF transceiver module during state transition. Its real-time sampling rate is not less than 100 MHz and the time resolution is not less than 1 nanosecond.

[0047] During system initialization, the data capture window length is used to balance the accuracy of identifying state switching timing fluctuations with the processing capacity of the internal data bus register queue. Under normal, stable, and sudden operating conditions, the data capture window length is set to 15 milliseconds. When the concurrent rate of multi-source data streams exceeds the baseline threshold, the RF transceiver module continuously switches its operating state, the background noise power fluctuations collected by the physical layer detection module increase, and the multidimensional variance calculated from this background noise power increases accordingly. The data capture window length is then gradually expanded, with a maximum of 20 milliseconds.

[0048] When background noise power fluctuations increase, the internal control state machine of the RF transceiver module increases the frequency of channel listening, carrier detection, and power amplification module enable switching. As a result, the chip's instantaneous power consumption increases, and the junction temperature of the RF front-end changes within a microsecond time range. The local crystal oscillator and the voltage-controlled oscillator in the phase-locked loop are affected by temperature changes, and their inductance and capacitance parameters exhibit temperature drift. The phase-locked loop lock-in time fluctuates at the microsecond level. By mapping the multidimensional variance to the data acquisition window length, the acquisition period can be extended when the junction temperature changes significantly and the phase-locked loop lock-in time fluctuations intensify. This prevents the phase-locked loop lock-in feedback pulse from falling outside the data acquisition window and preserves the time delay waveform during the state transition process.

[0049] After the physical test platform was established, the sample group, control group 1, and control group 2 of this invention were tested through the forward injection link. The noise fluctuations generated by the simulated electromagnetic environment were retained in the input of each group. The measurement results were recorded according to the actual resolution of the sensor without rounding. The nonlinear channel dynamic compensation scheduling module used the same normalization method to calculate the dynamic access factor in each group. The sample group of this invention enabled the channel phase adaptive offset gating module. Control group 1 cut off the adjustment of the starting edge of the channel occupancy time slice by this module to keep the fine phase offset at 0. Control group 2 retained this module, but controlled the dynamic access factor below 0.45 to observe the changes in access status on both sides of the preset threshold.

[0050] Under the first set of concurrent load conditions, the input rate of the first test group in the sample group of this invention is 1200 bytes per second, the remaining lifetime is 45 milliseconds, the signal-to-noise ratio is 12, the remaining battery power is 10000 milliwatt-hours, and the dynamic access factor is... The transient total delay measured by the oscilloscope is 0.45. The transient delay fluctuation is 5.151 milliseconds, which is the difference between the rated state transition lag of 5 milliseconds and the actual transient delay fluctuation. The value is 151 microseconds; multiplying 151 microseconds by 0.45 yields a fine phase offset of 67.95 microseconds. The channel phase adaptive hedging gating module shifts the leading edge of the time slice backward accordingly, and the measured channel collision probability is 4.2%, with an average RF power consumption of 14.3 milliwatts.

[0051] Under the same input conditions, the input rate of the first test group in control group 1 was 1200 bytes per second, the remaining lifetime was 45 milliseconds, the signal-to-noise ratio was 12, the remaining battery power was 10000 milliwatt-hours, and the dynamic access factor was... The measured total transient delay is 0.45. The transient delay fluctuation is 5.153 milliseconds. It is 153 microseconds; due to the fine phase offset. The value remains at 0, the leading edge of the time slice is not shifted, the channel collision probability is 34.6%, and the average RF power consumption is 48.2 milliwatts.

[0052] Under the second set of concurrent load conditions, the input rate of the second test group in the sample group of this invention is 1600 bytes per second, the remaining lifetime is 45 milliseconds, the signal-to-noise ratio is 10, the remaining battery power is 12000 milliwatt-hours, and the dynamic access factor is... The measured total transient delay is 0.6. The transient delay fluctuation is 5.223 milliseconds. The value is 223 microseconds; multiplying 223 microseconds by 0.6 yields a fine phase offset of 133.8 microseconds. After shifting the time slice forward by the corresponding time, the channel collision probability is 3.6% and the average RF power consumption is 15.1 milliwatts.

[0053] The second test group in control group 1 used the same input rate of 1600 bytes per second, remaining lifetime of 45 milliseconds, signal-to-noise ratio of 10, and remaining battery power of 12000 milliwatt-hours, as well as a dynamic access factor. The measured total transient delay is 0.6. The transient delay fluctuation is 5.218 milliseconds. 218 microseconds, fine phase offset The channel collision probability is 45.3% and the average RF power consumption is 62.7 milliwatts.

[0054] Under the third concurrent load condition, the input rate of the third test group in this invention sample is 1000 bytes per second, the remaining lifetime is 64 milliseconds, the signal-to-noise ratio is 8, the remaining battery power is 8000 milliwatt-hours, and the dynamic access factor is... The value is 1, and the total transient delay is measured. The transient delay fluctuation is 5.282 milliseconds. It is 282 microseconds; multiplying 282 microseconds by 1 gives the fine phase offset. The time is 282 microseconds. After shifting backward from the beginning of the time slice, the channel collision probability is 2.1% and the average RF power consumption is 12.8 milliwatts.

[0055] In the third test group of control group 1, the input rate was 1000 bytes per second, the remaining lifetime was 64 milliseconds, the signal-to-noise ratio was 8, the remaining battery power was 8000 milliwatt-hours, and the dynamic access factor was... The value is 1, representing the total transient delay measured by this group. The transient delay fluctuation is 5.276 milliseconds. 276 microseconds, fine phase offset The channel collision probability is 58.9% and the average RF power consumption is 78.4 milliwatts.

[0056] During the aforementioned time slice adjustment process, the system microcontroller uses a 16-bit hardware timer to execute transmission timing control. This timer receives the 100 MHz system clock output from the local high-frequency phase-locked loop, and the prescaler register is set to 1, corresponding to a clock period of 10 nanoseconds. The channel phase adaptive offset gating module converts the fine phase offset into a clock pulse count value and writes it into the hardware timer's comparison register. Taking 67.95 microseconds as an example, the written incremental count value is 6795. When the counter reaches this incremental count value, an output comparison interrupt is generated, causing the data frame transmission start signal of the media access control layer to be delayed by the corresponding duration, thereby completing the backward shift of the leading edge of the time slice.

[0057] Control group 2 was used to examine scheduling results when the dynamic access factor was below 0.45. In control group 2, the input rate of the first test group was 800 bytes per second, the remaining lifetime was 45 milliseconds, the signal-to-noise ratio was 12, the remaining battery power was 10,000 milliwatt-hours, and the dynamic access factor was... The measured total transient delay is 0.3. The transient delay fluctuation is 5.112 milliseconds. It is 112 microseconds; multiplying 112 microseconds by 0.3 gives the fine phase offset. The latency is 33.6 microseconds, the channel collision probability is 28.4%, and the average RF power consumption is 39.5 milliwatts.

[0058] In the second test group of control group 2, the input rate was 1000 bytes per second, the remaining lifetime was 36 milliseconds, the signal-to-noise ratio was 12, the remaining battery power was 10000 milliwatt-hours, and the dynamic access factor was... The measured total transient delay is 0.3. The transient delay fluctuation is 5.124 milliseconds. 124 microseconds; multiply 124 microseconds by 0.3 to get the fine phase offset. The latency is 37.2 microseconds, the channel collision probability is 29.1%, and the average RF power consumption is 41.2 milliwatts.

[0059] In the third test group of control group 2, the input rate was 500 bytes per second, the remaining lifetime was 36 milliseconds, the signal-to-noise ratio was 15, the remaining battery power was 10,000 milliwatt-hours, and the dynamic access factor was... The measured total transient delay is 0.12. The transient delay fluctuation is 5.061 milliseconds. The value is 61 microseconds; multiplying 61 microseconds by 0.12 gives the fine phase offset. The latency is 7.32 microseconds, the channel collision probability is 24.5%, and the average RF power consumption is 32.1 milliwatts.

[0060] In the sample group of this invention, after the dynamic access factor reaches or exceeds 0.45, the fine phase offset is sufficient to ensure that the leading edge of the time slice avoids the main signal overlap area during the state switching of the RF transceiver module. The channel collision probability under the three load conditions is lower than that of the corresponding control group 1. Although the control group 1 measures the corresponding transient delay fluctuation, it does not use it for the translation of the leading edge of the time slice. The data frame still enters the narrowband wireless channel at the original transmission time. The number of retransmissions and the average RF power consumption increase with the channel collision. The dynamic access factor of control group 2 is lower than 0.45, and the generated fine phase offset is smaller. The leading edge of the time slice may still fall into the signal overlap area formed by the state switching. Therefore, its channel collision probability and average RF power consumption are between the sample group of this invention and control group 1. In the above experiment, the transient delay fluctuation of the RF transceiver module is used as the input of the channel phase adaptive offset gating module. After being adjusted by the dynamic access factor, it drives the transmission timer of the medium access control layer to form an adaptive transmission phase misalignment between monitoring stations under the condition of no external global synchronization clock source.

[0061] Example 3: In this example, a narrow-bandwidth, low-power access system for concurrent multi-source data from field monitoring stations is deployed in a high-frequency monitoring network for landslide deformation geological hazards. When landslides intensify, the wireless channel exhibits non-stationary, strongly time-varying deep fading characteristics. The first-order Markov chain state prediction module in the time-frequency resource adaptive arbitration channel module receives the historical three-frame signal-to-noise ratio sequence collected by the physical layer detection module. The signal-to-noise ratios of the first two frames, the previous frame, and the current frame are denoted as follows: , and ,in, For time indexing.

[0062] The first-order Markov chain state prediction module performs first-order difference on the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) sequence of three historical frames to obtain the SNR change rate of adjacent access periods, and uses the state transition probability matrix to calculate the channel state transition probability of the next access period. The wireless channel state is divided into three mutually exclusive states: a stationary state when the SNR is greater than or equal to 15 dB, a transitional state when the SNR is between 5 dB and 15 dB, and a deep fading state when the SNR is less than 5 dB.

[0063] During the initial operation of the system, the probability of the stationary state remaining unchanged is set to 0.8, and the probabilities of transitioning from the stationary state to the transitional state and the deep fading state are set to 0.15 and 0.05, respectively; the probability of the transitional state remaining unchanged is set to 0.6, and the probabilities of transitioning from the transitional state to the stationary state and the deep fading state are both set to 0.2; the probability of the deep fading state remaining unchanged is set to 0.7, and the probabilities of transitioning from the deep fading state to the stationary state and the transitional state are set to 0.1 and 0.2, respectively.

[0064] Within each time-varying communication cycle, the first-order Markov chain state prediction module updates the state transition probability matrix based on the measured signal-to-noise ratio samples collected in the last 10 cycles. During the update, the actual number of transitions between different channel states within the sliding window is counted, and the transition probability between each state is recalculated using the sliding window mean method, so that the state transition probability matrix is ​​updated as the fading of the field channel changes.

[0065] When the probability of transitioning from the current state to the deep fading state in the next access cycle is greater than or equal to 75%, and the signal-to-noise ratio decreases at a rate greater than or equal to 1.5 dB per millisecond, the time-frequency resource adaptive arbitration channel module outputs a channel degradation warning. Upon receiving this warning, the nonlinear channel dynamic compensation scheduling module releases the allocation window of the low-priority feature data queue and triggers a wireless channel preemption command for the high-priority feature data queue, enabling the high-timeliness disaster monitoring data in the high-priority feature data queue to be transmitted before the wireless channel enters the deep fading state.

[0066] The threshold for determining the probability of deep fading transitions is set at 75%, and the threshold for determining the rate of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) decline is set at 1.5 dB per millisecond. These two thresholds are determined based on the rate of change of the multipath fading channel during landslide high-frequency monitoring. If the threshold for determining the probability of deep fading transitions is lower than 75%, or the threshold for determining the rate of SNR decline is lower than 1.5 dB per millisecond, the wireless channel preemption command may be frequently triggered even when the channel is fluctuating slightly or slowly. This will prevent the low-priority feature data queue from obtaining idle channel resources for a long time and reduce the overall throughput of the monitoring station. If the corresponding threshold is higher than 75% or 1.5 dB per millisecond, it is easy to miss detections when the channel deteriorates rapidly, preventing the sudden deformation monitoring data in the high-priority feature data queue from being transmitted before the wireless channel is completely blocked.

[0067] When the battery power of the distributed wireless monitoring network continues to decrease and the wireless channel continues to deteriorate, the physical layer detection module measures the packet loss rate of the narrowband wireless channel in real time. When the packet loss rate continuously exceeds 35%, and the remaining battery power of the current monitoring station is... When the ratio of the battery charge to the full charge is less than 20%, the time-frequency resource adaptive arbitration channel module initiates a degradation suspension protection mechanism, controls the radio frequency transceiver module to stop continuous high-frequency state sampling, and switches to a discrete periodic pulse channel detection mode with a period interval of 1000 milliseconds; at the same time, the nonlinear channel dynamic compensation scheduling module suspends the loading of low-priority feature data queues.

[0068] A packet loss rate of 35% and a remaining battery power of 20% together constitute the trigger boundary of the degradation suspension protection mechanism. When the packet loss rate reaches 35%, the narrowband wireless channel is in a severe degradation stage caused by the combined effects of strong interference and deep fading. Continuing to perform continuous high-frequency detection and retransmission will increase the power consumed by invalid transmissions. When the remaining battery power drops to 20%, the discharge curve of the micro-chemical battery enters the steep drop region from the flat region. The instantaneous large current generated by radio frequency transmission can easily pull down the chip supply voltage and trigger undervoltage reset.

[0069] If the remaining power threshold is raised to 40%, or the packet loss rate threshold is lowered to 15%, the normal communication process is easily interrupted frequently, and the daily monitoring response capability of the monitoring station will decrease accordingly. If protection is only activated when the remaining power is below 10% or the packet loss rate reaches 50%, the remaining battery power may not be sufficient to maintain discrete periodic pulse channel detection, making it impossible for the monitoring station to maintain low power operation.

[0070] Under conditions where the packet loss rate is greater than or equal to 35% and the remaining battery power is less than 20%, if the RF transceiver module continues to sample at a high frequency, the measurement results show that the additional power consumption caused by the frequent locking of the phase-locked loop will deplete the remaining battery power within 24 hours. After activating the degradation suspension protection mechanism, the discrete periodic pulse channel detection and the suspension of low-priority characteristic data queue mounting work together to reduce the average RF power consumption of the RF transceiver module by more than 45%; when the dynamic access factor When the value is greater than or equal to 0.45, the channel phase adaptive offset gating module simultaneously utilizes fine phase offset. By staggering the start of time slices, continuous retransmissions can prevent channel cascading deadlocks and extend the stable operation time of monitoring stations under deteriorating wireless channel conditions.

[0071] Example 4: This example combines Figures 1 to 2 This section describes a narrow-bandwidth, low-power access system for concurrent multi-source data at field monitoring stations, such as... Figure 1 As shown, after the input rate of the multi-source data stream is measured, it enters the data hierarchical mapping module to map the feature queue. The data hierarchical mapping module maps the feature queue and directs the corresponding output to the nonlinear channel dynamic compensation scheduling module to calculate the access factor. At the same time, the first-order Markov chain state prediction module calculates the transition probability and directs the corresponding output to the time-frequency resource adaptive arbitration channel module to generate the state vector. After the time-frequency resource adaptive arbitration channel module generates the state vector, it also directs the corresponding output to the nonlinear channel dynamic compensation scheduling module to calculate the access factor. The nonlinear channel dynamic compensation scheduling module calculates the access factor and directs the corresponding output to the channel phase adaptive offset gating module to shift the time slice. The channel phase adaptive offset gating module shifts the time slice and directs the corresponding output to the narrowband wireless channel mounting queue.

[0072] like Figure 2 As shown, the multi-source sampling module is connected to the timeliness analysis module, which in turn is connected to the multi-level queue storage module. The multi-source sampling module, the timeliness analysis module, and the multi-level queue storage module are arranged sequentially from top to bottom and are nested together inside the data hierarchical mapping module.

[0073] Example 5: Before each monitoring station is deployed to the field, it is first placed on a signal debugging platform to complete the initial calibration. After the control unit receives the initial enable command, it drives the radio frequency transceiver module to continuously switch working states under zero external concurrent load conditions and reads its state switching characteristics. The signal acquisition unit collects the time domain waveform data when the radio frequency transceiver module switches from the transmitting state to the receiving state. The local processor extracts the steady-state pulse delay time series from 100 consecutive switching actions, filters out the transient jitter error, and then calculates the algebraic average value of the time series.

[0074] The local processor determines the above algebraic average value as the rated state transition hysteresis. This serves as the inherent hardware calibration reference value for the RF transceiver module, and is written into the non-volatile memory of the nonlinear channel dynamic compensation scheduling module. This completes the initial characteristic calibration of the monitoring station. When calculating the transient delay fluctuation, the channel phase adaptive offset gating module uses this rated state transition hysteresis as the reference for the transient total delay differential operation.

[0075] After the monitoring station is deployed to the designated data collection point, the control unit initiates the environmental matching process. The physical layer detection module monitors the background power distribution of the wireless channel within the normal protection interval. The sensor continuously collects noise data during the 5-minute no-signal period. The baseband signal processing module extracts the channel attenuation characteristics caused by environmental changes based on the noise data and calculates the multidimensional variance within the corresponding time window.

[0076] The control unit uses the reciprocal of this multidimensional variance as the signal-to-noise ratio of the wireless channel. The baseline data is collected, and the initial communication boundary and action constraint boundary of the monitoring station are determined based on the baseline data. When the sudden disaster data is uploaded in a centralized manner, the state transition process and the channel phase adaptive hedging gating module both use the baseline data as the channel judgment benchmark, so that the state switching of the radio frequency transceiver module, the adjustment of the time slice start edge, and the feature data queue are executed under the same field channel benchmark.

[0077] Example 6: In this example, a narrow-bandwidth, low-power access system for concurrent multi-source data from field monitoring stations is deployed in a long-term maintenance-free wireless self-organizing network. Periodic changes in ambient temperature and aging of RF front-end components will cause the enable delay of the phase-locked loop of the RF transceiver module to drift to zero, resulting in the 5-millisecond rated state transition hysteresis pre-stored in the non-volatile memory gradually deviating from the current actual state switching reference of the RF transceiver module.

[0078] To correct this deviation, the control unit runs an online baseline calibration program during a preset idle access period when there is no burst data in the wireless ad hoc network. This program reads the total transient delay recorded by the current monitoring station in the previous 100 state transition cycles, arranges them according to the recording time to form a time series, and then calculates the weighted mean of the time series through a first-order discrete low-pass filter to obtain the current delay error compensation term.

[0079] The filter coefficient of the first-order discrete low-pass filter is set to 0.15, and the corresponding cutoff frequency is 0.5 Hz. This filter is used to filter out high-frequency transient temperature noise caused by factors such as gusts and occasional vibrations, while tracking the slow impedance drift caused by component aging and periodic changes in ambient temperature. In each calculation, the total transient delay of the current cycle is multiplied by 0.15, and the filter output value of the previous cycle is multiplied by 0.85. The sum of the two is used as the delay error compensation term for the current cycle.

[0080] The control unit adds the delay error compensation term to the rated state transition hysteresis and writes the updated rated state transition hysteresis into the non-volatile memory. At the same time, it updates the reference register value of the local timing control register. When the landslide displacement intensifies and multiple data sources are generated concurrently, the channel phase adaptive hedging gating module uses the updated rated state transition hysteresis as the reference for transient total delay differential calculation, so that the transient delay fluctuation corresponds to the current radio frequency hardware status of the monitoring station.

[0081] In a large-scale wireless ad hoc network consisting of dozens of monitoring stations, each monitoring station operates according to the above-mentioned online baseline calibration procedure. When the mountain displacement intensifies, multiple monitoring stations concurrently upload high-load monitoring messages to the central gateway. The input rate of multi-source data streams from each monitoring station increases synchronously, and the wireless channel competition caused by the density of monitoring stations intensifies accordingly.

[0082] At each monitoring station, the nonlinear channel dynamic compensation scheduling module and the channel phase adaptive hedging gating module respectively complete the microsecond-level time slice start-leading adjustment. The RF transceiver modules at different monitoring stations differ in manufacturing process, current temperature rise gradient, and remaining battery voltage, and each station acquires transient delay fluctuations through its local register. The distribution is discrete, which in turn makes the fine phase shift calculated by each monitoring station more precise. This creates staggered time boundaries.

[0083] The channel analysis equipment at the central gateway continuously monitored for 48 hours. Under high-load test conditions with a 25% increase in the concurrent throughput of the entire network, the probability of data frame retransmission caused by transmission timing conflicts remained below 5%. The average power consumption of radio frequency did not show any abnormal increase caused by air signal coherent superposition collision and continuous retransmission. Each monitoring station used the local radio frequency hardware status to drive the medium access control layer data frame transmission timer, maintaining the low duty cycle and low power consumption operation of the wireless ad hoc network without configuring public network timing clock hardware.

[0084] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention.

[0085] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A narrow-bandwidth, low-power access system for concurrent multi-source data at field monitoring stations, characterized in that, include: The data classification and mapping module is used to collect multi-source data streams from monitoring stations and classify and map the multi-source data streams into characteristic data queues with different remaining lifetimes. The time-frequency resource adaptive arbitration channel module is used to detect the signal-to-noise ratio of the wireless channel and generate a transient state vector characterizing the carrying capacity of the wireless channel. The nonlinear channel dynamic compensation scheduling module, coupled with the data hierarchical mapping module and the time-frequency resource adaptive arbitration channel module, is used to receive transient state vectors, calculate dynamic access factors based on the input rate of multi-source data streams, remaining lifetime time, signal-to-noise ratio, and the remaining battery power of the current monitoring station, and initiate a state transition process when the dynamic access factor reaches a preset threshold. The state transition process drives the radio frequency transceiver module of the monitoring station to switch working states. The channel phase adaptive hedging gating module, located inside the nonlinear channel dynamic compensation scheduling module, is used to extract the difference between the transient total delay of the RF transceiver module's working state switching and the pre-stored rated state transition hysteresis to determine the transient delay fluctuation. It also calculates the fine phase offset based on the product of the dynamic access factor and the transient delay fluctuation, and uses the fine phase offset to move the starting edge of the channel occupancy time slice. It outputs a state transition command containing the fine phase offset and attaches the corresponding feature data queue to the narrowband wireless channel.

2. The narrow-bandwidth, low-power access system for concurrent multi-source data at field monitoring stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, When calculating the dynamic access factor, the nonlinear channel dynamic compensation scheduling module uses the product of the input rate of the multi-source data stream and the remaining lifetime as the numerator, and the product of the signal-to-noise ratio and the remaining battery power as the denominator. When the calculated dynamic access factor is greater than or equal to 0.45, a preset threshold is locked and a state transition process is triggered. When the monitoring station is under high concurrent load and the signal-to-noise ratio decreases, the nonlinear channel dynamic compensation scheduling module extends the retransmission protection window by amplifying the dynamic access factor.

3. The narrow-bandwidth, low-power access system for concurrent multi-source data at field monitoring stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, When calculating the fine-grained time-phase offset, the channel phase adaptive hedging gating module performs time-phase decoupling calculations according to the following formula: ,in, This is a fine phase offset. This refers to the transient time delay fluctuation. The channel phase adaptive hedging gating module presets the rated state transition lag to 5ms, and after capturing the total transient delay of the RF transceiver module switching working state, takes the difference between the total transient delay and 5ms as the transient delay fluctuation, so as to move the leading edge boundary of the feature data queue to send data frames on the microsecond time axis.

4. The narrow-bandwidth, low-power access system for concurrent multi-source data at field monitoring stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The time-frequency resource adaptive arbitration channel module embeds a first-order Markov chain state prediction module. The first-order Markov chain state prediction module extracts the signal-to-noise ratio sequence of the three historical frames of the wireless channel and calculates the channel state transition probability of the next access period. When it is predicted that the wireless channel will transition from a stationary state to a deep fading state, the time-frequency resource adaptive arbitration channel module outputs a channel degradation warning to the nonlinear channel dynamic compensation scheduling module, so that the nonlinear channel dynamic compensation scheduling module can release the allocation window of the low-priority feature data queue in advance and trigger the wireless channel preemption command of the high-priority feature data queue, so as to complete the burst transmission of emergency monitoring data before the channel quality deteriorates.

5. The narrow-bandwidth, low-power access system for concurrent multi-source data at field monitoring stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The time-frequency resource adaptive arbitration channel module includes a physical layer detection module. When the packet loss rate of the wireless channel continuously exceeds 35% and the remaining battery power of the monitoring station is less than 20%, the physical layer detection module activates a degradation suspension protection mechanism. Under the degradation suspension protection mechanism, the time-frequency resource adaptive arbitration channel module controls the radio frequency transceiver module to cut off continuous high-frequency state sampling, switch to discrete periodic pulse channel detection mode, and instruct the nonlinear channel dynamic compensation scheduling module to suspend the mounting of low-priority feature data queues in discrete periodic pulse channel detection mode until the packet loss rate falls back to below 35%.

6. The narrow-bandwidth, low-power access system for concurrent multi-source data at a field monitoring station according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data hierarchical mapping module includes a multi-source sampling module, a timeliness analysis module, and a multi-level queue storage module. The multi-source sampling module accesses different types of sensor data streams within the field monitoring station and measures the input rate of the multi-source data streams in real time. The timeliness analysis module extracts the timestamps and lifetime termination thresholds of each sensor data stream and calculates the remaining lifetime. The multi-level queue storage module classifies and maps the multi-source data streams according to the order of remaining lifetime from shortest to longest and stores them in high-priority feature data queues, medium-priority feature data queues, and low-priority feature data queues. These feature data queues are then used by the nonlinear channel dynamic compensation scheduling module for priority scheduling.

7. A narrow-bandwidth, low-power access system for concurrent multi-source data at field monitoring stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data hierarchical mapping module, the time-frequency resource adaptive arbitration channel module, and the nonlinear channel dynamic compensation scheduling module are coupled to each other through an internal data bus. The channel phase adaptive offset gating module reads the sum of the phase-locked loop locking time and the power amplifier module enable delay fed back by the RF transceiver module in real time through the internal data bus, calculates the transient total delay, and performs a differential operation with the pre-stored rated state transition hysteresis in real time to generate the transient delay fluctuation.

8. A narrow-bandwidth, low-power access system for concurrent multi-source data at a field monitoring station according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the channel phase adaptive offset gating module moves the beginning edge of the channel occupancy time slice using fine phase offset, it adjusts the reference clock pulse of the medium access control layer data frame transmission timer to shift the start boundary of the time slice of the feature data queue to be mounted on the wireless channel backward by the duration indicated by the fine phase offset. This causes non-overlapping adaptive transmission phase misalignment to occur on the micro time axis when different monitoring stations in the same field monitoring network upload data concurrently.

9. A narrow-bandwidth, low-power access system for concurrent multi-source data at field monitoring stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, When detecting the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of a wireless channel, the time-frequency resource adaptive arbitration channel module uses the baseband signal processing module of the radio frequency transceiver module to periodically sample out-of-band noise and in-band signal power within the guard interval of each access cycle, calculates the current SNR value of the channel, and converts it into a transient state vector that characterizes the available bandwidth margin and fading state of the channel, which is then input into the nonlinear channel dynamic compensation scheduling module.

10. A narrow-bandwidth, low-power access system for concurrent multi-source data at a field monitoring station according to claim 1, characterized in that, After outputting a state transition command containing fine-grained time phase offset, the nonlinear channel dynamic compensation scheduling module controls the radio frequency transceiver module to modulate the baseband data packets carrying the characteristic data queue to the designated frequency band wireless channel according to the narrowband wireless modulation mechanism. The channel phase adaptive offset gating module drives each station to form micro-adaptive time phase decoupling based on the different transient delay fluctuations generated by each concurrent station. Under the constraint of no external global synchronization clock source, it suppresses the coherent superposition and collision of air signals and reduces radio frequency retransmission consumption.

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