Communication signal strength-based power meter reading route selection method and system

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of based on communication signal strength's electric energy meter reading route selection method and system, it is related to the technical field of smart grid power consumption information acquisition, this method includes: the spatial correlation topology of electric energy meter node is constructed and neighbor set is established;The spatial correlation change index of each node communication signal strength is calculated, risk node is marked and early warning node is identified from it;The comprehensive health degree index of route path is calculated, and route path is divided into healthy, sub-health and unhealthy grade;Active maintenance is executed to the route path of sub-health and unhealthy grade, including deployment signal compensation relay and establishing standby link;Maintenance effect is verified, and when meeting preset condition, route path reconstruction is triggered.The application utilizes the spatial correlation of communication signal strength to realize the active maintenance of electric energy meter reading route path, avoids the communication interruption under traditional passive switching mode, solves the communication problem of signal island node, and reduces the route maintenance overhead in wireless networking.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of smart grid electricity consumption information collection technology, and in particular to a method and system for selecting electricity meter reading routes based on communication signal strength. Background Technology

[0002] In smart grid electricity information collection systems, concentrators communicate with each electricity meter node within their jurisdiction via power line carrier communication networks or low-power wireless communication networks to complete periodic readings of electricity meter data. Because power line channels and wireless channels are time-varying and uncertain, the quality of the communication link changes dynamically over time, leading to a decrease in the communication signal strength of some electricity meter nodes, which in turn affects the meter reading success rate and communication reliability.

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, various signal strength-based routing and handover methods have been proposed in the prior art. For example, by collecting the Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) values ​​of each node and combining them with parameters such as historical meter reading success rate and relay success rate for weighted scoring, the optimal routing path can be selected. Alternatively, based on historical signal strength data, future signal strength trends can be predicted to trigger route handover before signal deterioration. Or, algorithms such as manifold Kalman filtering can be used to predict channel conditions to support forward-looking routing decisions.

[0004] The common technical idea behind the above methods is to passively monitor changes in signal strength and, when the signal strength drops to a certain level, select or switch to another path with better signal quality. This passive response mode has the following technical problems:

[0005] Routing switching inevitably involves communication interruption, and meter reading failures or data loss may occur within the switching time window. Signal strength prediction methods (such as linear regression, DFT trend detection, Kalman filtering, LSTM, etc.) are all based on extrapolation of historical data, and the prediction accuracy is difficult to guarantee when the channel environment changes drastically. There are signal island nodes in the network, where the signal strength of all potential communication links is below the available threshold, and no reliable communication connection can be established regardless of the routing or switching strategy used. Existing technologies do not utilize the spatial correlation of signal strength, treating the signal strength of each node as an independent time series and failing to explore the correlation information in its spatial dimension; In existing wireless networking technologies, maintaining network connectivity usually requires periodic network-wide route detection and updates. When the network is large, the signaling overhead generated by route maintenance significantly consumes communication bandwidth and affects the transmission efficiency of normal meter reading data. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems in the prior art, this invention provides a method and system for selecting electricity meter reading routes based on communication signal strength. By utilizing the spatial correlation of signal strength, the method achieves proactive maintenance of routing paths, thereby reducing the number of route switching, solving the communication problem of isolated signal nodes, and reducing the routing maintenance overhead in wireless networking.

[0007] This application provides a method for selecting the meter reading route based on communication signal strength, including: Step S10: Construct the spatial association topology of the electricity meter nodes, obtain the communication signal strength values ​​between each node and establish the neighbor set of each node, and record the time series of communication signal strength between each node and its neighboring nodes. Step S20: Calculate the spatial correlation change index of each node based on the average rate of change of the communication signal strength between each node and all its neighboring nodes, mark risk nodes based on the spatial correlation change index, and further identify early warning nodes from the neighboring nodes of the risk nodes, and record the diffusion direction of communication signal attenuation. Step S30: Calculate the comprehensive health index of the routing path based on the topological distance between each node in the routing path and the nearest risk node and the number of nodes in the routing path marked as warning nodes, and classify the routing path into healthy level, sub-healthy level and unhealthy level based on the comprehensive health index. Step S40: Active maintenance is performed on routing paths with sub-health or unhealthy levels. Candidate compensation nodes that meet the conditions are searched for for early warning nodes and added to the routing path as signal compensation relays to strengthen the routing path. For unhealthy routing paths, a backup link that works in parallel with the main link is established to activate routing path redundancy while strengthening the routing path. Step S50: Recalculate the overall health index of the reinforced route path. If it recovers to the health level, maintain the route path reinforcement. If it is still below the health level, trigger route path reconstruction when the preset conditions are met, and use the optimal route path selected after reconstruction as the new formal route path to complete the route selection.

[0008] Furthermore, step S10 includes the following detailed steps: Step S101: The concentrator obtains the communication signal strength values ​​between all electricity meter nodes within its jurisdiction through full network detection and constructs a communication signal strength matrix between nodes. Step S102: Construct a spatially associated neighbor set for each node based on the communication signal strength matrix and a preset neighbor determination threshold; Step S103: Record the time series of communication signal strength between each node and its neighboring nodes.

[0009] Further, in step S20, the formula for calculating the spatial correlation change index is:

[0010] in, For nodes Spatial correlation change index, For nodes The number of neighboring nodes, Represents a node Its neighboring nodes The current communication signal strength value. Represents a node Its neighboring nodes The communication signal strength value at the previous moment; nodes whose spatial correlation change index is lower than the first spatial correlation threshold are marked as risk nodes; for nodes marked as risk nodes, their neighbor sets are further traversed, and neighbor nodes whose communication signal strength change rate is lower than the second spatial correlation threshold are marked as warning nodes, where the second spatial correlation threshold is less than the first spatial correlation threshold.

[0011] The first spatial correlation threshold and the second spatial correlation threshold are dynamic thresholds, and their values ​​are adaptively determined according to the statistical characteristics of the overall communication signal strength distribution of the network: the first spatial correlation threshold is equal to the mean of the spatial correlation change index of all nodes at the current time minus the standard deviation; the second spatial correlation threshold is equal to the mean of the spatial correlation change index of all nodes at the current time minus twice the standard deviation.

[0012] Further, in step S30, the comprehensive health index is calculated using the following formula:

[0013] in, For routing path The overall health index, Indicates the routing path The number of nodes in Indicates the routing path Middle node The topological distance to the nearest risk node, if the node If it is a risk node =0, The preset maximum topology distance, For routing path The number of nodes marked as warning nodes in the data. For routing path The total number of nodes in the system , The preset weighting coefficients and ;when When the health threshold is greater than or equal to the preset health threshold, the routing path is determined to be in good health; when... If the sub-health threshold is greater than or equal to the preset sub-health threshold but less than the preset health threshold, the routing path is determined to be at a sub-health level; when... If the level is below the preset sub-health threshold, the routing path is determined to be unhealthy.

[0014] Furthermore, step S40 includes the following detailed steps: Step S401: For the routing path of the sub-health level, search for candidate compensation nodes that meet the following conditions for the warning nodes in the path: they are not nodes on the routing path, the communication signal strength between them and the warning nodes is not lower than the preset compensation signal strength threshold, and they are not marked as risk nodes or warning nodes. In step S402, after adding the candidate compensation node as a signal compensation relay to the routing path, it is configured to send a copy to the warning node through a direct link when it receives data destined for its corresponding warning node. The signal compensation relay adopts a selective forwarding method, forwarding only the data packets destined for its corresponding warning node, and not forwarding the data packets of other nodes in the routing path. Step S403: For unhealthy routing paths, while performing routing path hardening, establish a backup link that works in parallel with the main link. The establishment of the backup link follows the link separation principle, that is, the intersection of the nodes traversed by the backup link and the nodes of the main link does not exceed 30% of the total number of nodes of the main link.

[0015] Furthermore, step S50 includes the following detailed steps: Step S501: Recalculate the overall health index of the reinforced route path. If it recovers to the health level, maintain the reinforced route path and record the type, time and effect of this proactive maintenance operation. If it is still below the health level, proceed to route path reconstruction judgment. Step S502, triggering route path reconstruction requires the following preset conditions to be met simultaneously: at least one node in the route path has a spatial correlation change index that has continuously decreased over three consecutive meter reading cycles; there are no candidate compensation nodes in the neighbor set of the node whose communication signal strength is not lower than the compensation signal strength threshold; and the current comprehensive health index of the route path is lower than the preset minimum health threshold. Step S503: After the route path reconstruction is triggered, the candidate route path with the highest average spatial association change index is selected based on the real-time value of the spatial association change index of all nodes on each candidate route path at the current time.

[0016] This application also provides a meter reading routing system for electricity meters based on communication signal strength, including: Signal Acquisition and Spatial Topology Module: Used to construct the spatial association topology of the electricity meter nodes, obtain the communication signal strength values ​​between each node and establish the neighbor set of each node, and record the time series of communication signal strength between each node and its neighboring nodes; Spatial correlation analysis module: used to calculate the spatial correlation change index of each node based on the average rate of change of the communication signal strength between each node and all its neighboring nodes, mark risk nodes based on the spatial correlation change index, and further identify early warning nodes from the neighboring nodes of the risk nodes, and record the diffusion direction of communication signal attenuation. The routing path health assessment module is used to calculate the comprehensive health index of the routing path based on the topological distance between each node in the routing path and the nearest risk node and the number of nodes in the routing path marked as warning nodes, and to classify the routing path into healthy level, sub-healthy level and unhealthy level based on the comprehensive health index. Active maintenance decision and execution module: used to perform active maintenance on routing paths with sub-health or unhealthy levels, search for candidate compensation nodes that meet the conditions for early warning nodes, and add them to the routing path as signal compensation relays to strengthen the routing path; for unhealthy routing paths, while performing routing path strengthening, a backup link that works in parallel with the main link is established to activate routing path redundancy. Maintenance effect verification module: It is used to recalculate the comprehensive health index of the reinforced route path. If it recovers to the health level, the route path reinforcement is maintained. If it is still below the health level, the route path reconstruction is triggered when the preset conditions are met, and the optimal route path selected after reconstruction is used as the new formal route path to complete the route selection.

[0017] This application also provides a meter reading routing device based on communication signal strength. The meter reading routing device based on communication signal strength includes: a memory, a processor, and a meter reading routing program based on communication signal strength stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the meter reading routing program based on communication signal strength is executed by the processor, it implements the above method.

[0018] This application also provides a computer program product, which includes a meter reading routing program based on communication signal strength, wherein the meter reading routing program based on communication signal strength implements the above method when executed by a processor.

[0019] This application discloses the following technical effects: In existing technologies, some electricity meter nodes, due to remote geographical locations or poor channel environments, have signal strengths below the usable threshold for all potential communication links, making reliable communication impossible regardless of the path switched to. This invention provides a method and system for electricity meter reading routing based on communication signal strength. It identifies warning nodes through spatial correlation analysis and searches for multiple neighboring nodes with good signal quality as signal compensation relays. Spatial diversity gain is used to compensate for signal attenuation in individual links, improving the communication success rate of previously unreachable nodes. Existing technologies all adopt a passive response mode of monitoring, evaluation, and switching. During the route switching process, there is inevitably a communication interruption window, resulting in the loss of meter reading data. This invention, through the spatial correlation change index of communication signal strength, can detect the spatial diffusion trend of signal attenuation in advance when the target node's own signal has not deteriorated significantly. It triggers active maintenance before the route path completely fails, keeping the route path always in an available state and avoiding communication interruptions caused by route switching. Existing technologies require periodic network-wide broadcast route probing, which significantly consumes communication bandwidth due to signaling overhead when the network is large. This invention triggers targeted local maintenance operations only when a route path enters a sub-healthy or unhealthy state, avoiding large-scale periodic network-wide probing, reducing route maintenance signaling overhead and the number of route switching operations, making it particularly suitable for large-scale wireless networking scenarios for electricity meters. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for selecting a meter reading route based on communication signal strength, provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a meter reading routing system based on communication signal strength, provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description of this application will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The described embodiments should not be considered as limitations on this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0023] Example 1: This application provides a method for selecting electricity meter reading routes based on communication signal strength, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the method includes: Step S10: Construct the spatial association topology of the electricity meter nodes, obtain the communication signal strength values ​​between each node and establish the neighbor set of each node, and record the time series of communication signal strength between each node and its neighbor nodes; this step is used to establish the spatial association relationship between the electricity meter nodes, providing a data foundation for subsequent spatial association analysis.

[0024] In this embodiment, the concentrator sends a detection frame via broadcast. The detection frame contains the concentrator identifier and the detection sequence number. After receiving the detection frame, each electricity meter node measures the received communication signal strength (RSSI value) and packages its own node ID, detection sequence number, the measured communication signal strength value and the current timestamp into a response frame and reports it to the concentrator. The concentrator collects response frames from all nodes within a preset timeout period. For nodes that fail to report measurement results within the preset timeout period, their corresponding communication signal strength value is marked as invalid (NULL) and excluded from subsequent processing. To improve the accuracy of signal strength measurement, the concentrator can send multiple detection frames in the same round of detection and take the average value.

[0025] After collecting all reported results, the concentrator constructs a complete communication signal strength matrix. : ,in This represents the total number of electricity meter nodes within the jurisdiction. Represents a node With nodes The communication signal strength value between them, when hour When node With nodes When direct communication is not possible or measurement results are not reported, The value is marked as invalid. The unit of the communication signal strength value is dBm (abbreviation of decibel milliwatt, which is a commonly used absolute power unit in the field of wireless communication).

[0026] In this embodiment, the concentrator constructs the communication signal strength matrix using a single full-network probe; in another embodiment, the concentrator can also improve accuracy by taking the average value of multiple probes. The specific number of probes can be determined according to the network size and communication environment, and is generally 3 to 5 times.

[0027] Based on communication signal strength matrix The concentrator constructs the spatially related neighbor set for each node according to the following rules. : ,in The preset neighbor determination threshold; The value of should be determined based on the actual communication environment and device sensitivity. In this embodiment, The value is set to 1.3 times the device's receiving sensitivity, meaning the communication signal strength between neighboring nodes must be 30% higher than the receiving sensitivity to ensure a reliable direct communication link between them. If the device's receiving sensitivity is 100 dBm, then... = 100 + 30% × 100 = 70dBm. This value can be adjusted according to the actual network environment.

[0028] In this embodiment, when the proportion of isolated nodes (i.e., nodes with zero neighbors) in the network exceeds 10%, the concentrator automatically lowers its settings. Up to 1.1 times the device's receiving sensitivity to expand the neighbor detection range.

[0029] For each node The concentrator maintains its relationships with each neighboring node in the storage module. ( Time series of communication signal strength between ( )

[0030] in Indicates the sampling time (with the electricity meter reading cycle as the interval). This represents the total number of currently recorded sampling times; the aforementioned time series data is stored in the concentrator's non-volatile memory for subsequent spatial correlation analysis and trend tracking.

[0031] After each round of network-wide detection is completed and the communication signal strength matrix is ​​updated, the concentrator appends the current communication signal strength value to the corresponding time series of each node; in this embodiment, the retention length of the time series is... The sampling period is 60 times, and historical data beyond 60 sampling times will be automatically overwritten.

[0032] Step S20: Calculate the spatial correlation change index of each node based on the average rate of change of the communication signal strength between each node and all its neighboring nodes. Mark risk nodes based on the spatial correlation change index, and further identify early warning nodes from the neighboring nodes of the risk nodes, and record the diffusion direction of communication signal attenuation. This step is used to identify the spatial diffusion attenuation pattern of communication signal strength and realize early warning of risks.

[0033] In this embodiment, at the beginning of each meter reading cycle, the concentrator reads the current status of each node from the communication signal strength matrix. Signal strength observations Read the previous moment from the storage module. Signal strength observations .

[0034] For each node The concentrator calculates the spatial correlation variation index of its communication signal strength. :

[0035] in, Represents a node The number of neighboring nodes; The physical meaning of a node The average rate of change of communication signal strength between it and all its neighboring nodes, when When it is negative, it indicates a node The overall strength of communication signals in the area is showing a downward trend; when When it is positive, it indicates a node. The overall strength of communication signals in the area is trending upward. The larger the absolute value, the more drastic the change in communication signal strength; When it approaches 0, it indicates a node The overall communication signal strength in the area remained stable.

[0036] because The calculation is based on the average value of multiple neighboring nodes, thus effectively filtering out random fluctuations in a single link and reflecting the overall signal change trend in the area where the node is located.

[0037] The concentrator calculates the spatial correlation change index from each node. Associated with the preset first spatial threshold Comparison: In this embodiment, This is a dynamic threshold, whose value is adaptively determined based on the statistical characteristics of the overall communication signal strength distribution of the network. The calculation formula is expressed as follows: ,in The spatial correlation change index of all nodes at the current moment The mean, The standard deviation is denoted as .

[0038] By employing dynamic thresholds, the system can adapt to varying communication signal characteristics across different network environments and time periods, avoiding misjudgments caused by fixed thresholds when the overall signal fluctuates. For example, in scenarios with overall signal fluctuations, such as thunderstorms, the thresholds for all nodes can be adjusted. While the values ​​may decrease simultaneously, using a fixed threshold could lead to a large number of nodes being misjudged as risk nodes; however, using a dynamic threshold can adaptively follow the overall fluctuations and reduce misjudgments.

[0039] When node of Below At that time, the concentrator determines the node. The area experienced spatial diffusion attenuation of communication signal strength, affecting the nodes. A node is marked as a risk node. A risk node indicates that the signal quality in the local area where the node is located is deteriorating, which may affect the communication quality of the routing path passing through the node.

[0040] For nodes marked as risk nodes The concentrator then further traverses its neighbor set. Check each neighbor node one by one Is the rate of change of the communication signal strength lower than the second spatial correlation threshold? :

[0041] in, In this embodiment .

[0042] If there are neighboring nodes that meet the above conditions This indicates that the node Risk nodes The abnormally low rate of change in link signal strength between nodes indicates that signal attenuation is occurring from the nodes. To the node Diffusion; the concentrator will divide the nodes Mark as an early warning node and record the direction of spread. → .

[0043] The difference between risk nodes and early warning nodes is that risk nodes are the source of signal attenuation, and their signal strength decline stems from signal degradation in their own area; early warning nodes are the targets of signal attenuation diffusion, and their signal strength decline is caused by the degradation of the communication link with risk nodes. An early warning node itself may not yet show a decline in signal strength, but the link quality between it and risk nodes has already significantly deteriorated.

[0044] By recording the diffusion direction → The concentrator can track the spatial propagation path of signal attenuation and predict the future impact range of signal attenuation, providing spatial situational information for subsequent proactive route maintenance. For example, if the propagation direction is A→B→C, the concentrator can predict that the signal attenuation will affect the areas where nodes A, B, and C are located in sequence, thereby taking maintenance measures on the routing paths involving these nodes in advance.

[0045] Step S30: Calculate the comprehensive health index of the routing path based on the topological distance between each node in the routing path and the nearest risk node, as well as the number of nodes in the routing path marked as warning nodes. Then, classify the routing path into healthy, sub-healthy, and unhealthy levels based on the comprehensive health index. This step is used to assess and classify the health of each currently used routing path in order to identify routing paths that need to be actively maintained.

[0046] In this embodiment, the concentrator maintains a global routing table, recording the meter reading routing paths currently in use by each target node. Each routing path is represented as follows:

[0047] in, For routing path labels, The target node is defined in the routing table, which also records information such as the current status, creation time, and last update time of each path.

[0048] For each route path The concentrator calculates its comprehensive health index. :

[0049] in, Indicates the routing path The number of nodes in Indicates the routing path Middle node The topological distance (hop count) to the nearest risk node, if the node If it is a risk node =0, In this embodiment, the maximum interest topology distance is preset. =3 jumps; For routing path The number of nodes marked as warning nodes in the data. For routing path The total number of nodes in the system , The preset weighting coefficients and In this embodiment =0.6, =0.4; The calculation takes into account two dimensions: the first term This reflects the degree to which each node in the routing path is affected by signal attenuation; the closer a node is to a risk node ( The smaller the value, the greater the impact of signal attenuation on the node, and the smaller its contribution to the health of the routing path; when the node itself is a risk node ( =0), the health contribution of this node is 0. Second item This reflects the proportion of warning nodes in the routing path. The higher the proportion of warning nodes, the greater the potential risk faced by the routing path and the lower the health of the routing path.

[0050] Concentrator according to The value of is used to divide the routing path into three levels according to the following rules: when Greater than or equal to the preset health threshold When the routing path is deemed healthy, it is considered to be operating normally and requires no intervention. In this embodiment... .

[0051] when Greater than or equal to the preset sub-health threshold And less than the preset health threshold If a routing path is determined to be in a sub-healthy state, it indicates a potential risk and requires proactive maintenance. In this embodiment... .

[0052] when Less than the preset sub-health threshold If a routing path is deemed unhealthy, it is at risk of failure and requires immediate intervention.

[0053] A healthy path indicates that the signal quality of all nodes in the path is good, with no significant risk of signal attenuation, and can continue to be used normally. A sub-healthy path indicates that the signal quality of some nodes or links in the path has deteriorated. Although it has not yet affected the current communication function, it may fail in the next few meter reading cycles if no intervention is taken. An unhealthy path indicates that the path faces a high risk of failure and may cause meter reading failure at any time, requiring immediate intervention. Through this three-level classification, the concentrator can adopt differentiated maintenance strategies for paths with different health levels, achieving refined management of route maintenance and efficient utilization of resources.

[0054] Step S40: Active maintenance is performed on routing paths with sub-health or unhealthy levels. Candidate compensation nodes that meet the conditions are searched for for early warning nodes and added to the routing path as signal compensation relays to strengthen the routing path. For routing paths with unhealthy levels, a backup link that works in parallel with the main link is established to activate routing path redundancy while performing routing path strengthening.

[0055] In this embodiment, for routing paths assessed as being at a sub-health level The concentrator performs the following operations: Identifying Sub-health Level Routing Path All nodes marked as warning nodes are used to form a warning node list. , For path The total number of early warning nodes; for each early warning node In its neighborhood group Search for candidate compensation nodes that meet all of the following conditions : Not part of the routing path The condition ensures that the added compensation nodes do not cause path redundancy and avoid forming loops; With early warning nodes Communication signal strength between Not lower than the preset compensation signal strength threshold: ,in To compensate for the signal strength threshold, and Greater than the neighbor determination threshold In this embodiment, This condition ensures that there is a sufficiently strong direct communication link between the candidate compensation node and the early warning node, which can effectively undertake the signal compensation task. The fact that the node itself is not marked as a risk node or a warning node ensures that the compensation node is in good condition and will not be affected by its own signal problems.

[0056] Selected candidate compensation nodes Added to the routing path as a signal compensation relay This forms a reinforced routing path. : Signal compensation relay After being added to the routing path, it is configured to receive alerts sent to the alert node. When sending data, via direct link to Send a copy. In this way, even if the link quality in the original path deteriorates, the data can still be transmitted to the warning node through the copy of the compensation relay, thus ensuring the reliability of communication.

[0057] Signal compensation relay uses selective forwarding; compensation relay Only forwards to the corresponding warning node Data packets destined for certain nodes in the routing path are not forwarded. This selective forwarding method effectively avoids unnecessary increases in network load and ensures the efficiency of compensation operations.

[0058] For routing paths assessed as unhealthy, the concentrator performs routing path hardening operations while further performing routing path redundancy activation operations, including the following detailed steps: Starting from the source end (concentrator side) of the routing path, critical nodes are identified hop by hop along the routing path; the criteria for determining a critical node is: the node is the only connecting node in the path, and its failure will cause the path to be interrupted; For each critical node, a backup link is established to bypass it. The selection of the backup link is also based on the communication signal strength, requiring that the communication signal strength of each segment of the backup link is not lower than that of the critical node. ; The backup link works in parallel with the primary link. Data transmitted on the primary link is transmitted synchronously on the backup link. When the primary link fails, the backup link can immediately take over the data transmission without waiting for route reconstruction.

[0059] The establishment of backup links follows the "link separation" principle: the intersection of the nodes traversed by the backup link and the nodes of the primary link does not exceed 30% of the total number of nodes in the primary link, to ensure that the primary and backup links do not fail simultaneously due to the failure of the same node. Through path redundancy activation, unhealthy routing paths achieve a parallel working mode of primary and backup dual links, greatly improving communication reliability.

[0060] Step S50: Recalculate the overall health index of the reinforced route path. If it recovers to the health level, maintain the route path reinforcement. If it is still below the health level, trigger route path reconstruction when the preset conditions are met, and use the optimal route path selected after reconstruction as the new formal route path to complete the route selection. This step is used to verify the effect of the active maintenance operation and determine the subsequent strategy based on the verification results.

[0061] In this embodiment, after performing the active maintenance operation in step S40, the concentrator re-executes the full network detection and communication signal strength matrix update in the next meter reading cycle, and then recalculates the reinforced routing path according to the method in step S30. Comprehensive health index ; Will and Comparison: If If the operation succeeds, the active maintenance is considered successful. The concentrator will then transfer the hardened routing path... The official routing path for the target node is officially confirmed, replacing the original routing path. Simultaneously, the concentrator records information such as the type of this proactive maintenance operation (path hardening or path redundancy activation), operation time, list of involved nodes, and changes in health status before and after maintenance in the maintenance log. like Still below If the proactive maintenance fails to restore the path to a healthy level, the concentrator will perform a route path reconstruction judgment to determine whether the following preset conditions are met simultaneously: Routing path At least one node in the system exhibits a continuous decline in its spatial correlation change index over three consecutive meter reading cycles, meaning that for a given node... ,That The value satisfies: This indicates that the signal quality of the node is showing a continuous deterioration trend, rather than a short-term fluctuation; the requirement of three consecutive cycles effectively filters out short-term signal jitter and reduces unnecessary reconstruction triggers. There are no candidate compensation nodes in the neighbor set of this node whose communication signal strength is not lower than the compensation signal strength threshold; the communication signal strength of all its neighbor nodes is lower than the threshold. This indicates that all active maintenance measures have been exhausted and no available compensation node can improve the communication status of the node. Routing path Current overall health index Below the preset minimum health threshold ,in In this embodiment, =0.2; when When the health level is below the minimum health threshold, it indicates that the routing path is in a seriously unhealthy state, and continuing to use the path will face an extremely high risk of meter reading failure.

[0062] The concentrator triggers route path reconstruction only when all three conditions are met simultaneously. This triple-condition design ensures that route path reconstruction is only triggered when proactive maintenance measures have been exhausted and the path truly faces the risk of continued deterioration and failure, effectively avoiding unnecessary path reconstruction and route oscillations.

[0063] After route path reconstruction is triggered, the concentrator performs the path reconstruction operation. The reconstruction process does not rely on predicted communication signal strength values, but rather on the real-time values ​​of the spatial correlation change index of all nodes on each candidate route path. Specifically, the concentrator enumerates all possible routes from the concentrator to the target node (or generates several candidate paths using a routing algorithm). For each candidate route path Q, the average value of the spatial correlation change index of all its nodes is calculated. ,in The number of nodes in the candidate route path Q. Nodes in the path The current spatial correlation change index; Concentrator Selection The candidate route with the highest value is selected as the new official route. Since the spatial correlation change index reflects the overall change in communication signal strength in the areas where each node is located, selecting the route with the highest average spatial correlation change index means selecting the path with the most stable signal situation; that is, the signal strength in the areas where each node is located along this path is generally the most stable or has the slightest downward trend. This selection strategy avoids potential misjudgments based on predicted values, making decisions directly based on real-time spatial correlation data at the current moment, thus offering higher reliability.

[0064] After determining the new formal routing path, the concentrator updates the global routing table, assigns the new routing path to the corresponding target node, and uses the new path for meter reading communication starting from the next meter reading cycle. After each routing path maintenance or reconstruction, the concentrator records the operation results in the maintenance log. The maintenance log includes the operation time, target node, operation type, list of involved nodes, health status before maintenance, health status after maintenance, and operation result. The maintenance log is used for parameter configuration in subsequent maintenance optimization decisions. For example, when the concentrator finds from the log that the success rate of a certain type of maintenance operation is lower than a threshold, it can automatically adjust the corresponding parameters (such as increasing...). The value of and the adjustment of the weight coefficient and (etc.) to achieve adaptive optimization of maintenance strategies.

[0065] Example 2: The electricity meter reading routing system based on communication signal strength provided in this embodiment of the invention can execute the electricity meter reading routing method based on communication signal strength provided in any embodiment of the invention, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of the method, such as... Figure 2 As shown, it has the following modules: Signal Acquisition and Spatial Topology Module: Used to construct the spatial association topology of the electricity meter nodes, obtain the communication signal strength values ​​between each node and establish the neighbor set of each node, and record the time series of communication signal strength between each node and its neighboring nodes; Spatial correlation analysis module: used to calculate the spatial correlation change index of each node based on the average rate of change of the communication signal strength between each node and all its neighboring nodes, mark risk nodes based on the spatial correlation change index, and further identify early warning nodes from the neighboring nodes of the risk nodes, and record the diffusion direction of communication signal attenuation. The routing path health assessment module is used to calculate the comprehensive health index of the routing path based on the topological distance between each node in the routing path and the nearest risk node and the number of nodes in the routing path marked as warning nodes, and to classify the routing path into healthy level, sub-healthy level and unhealthy level based on the comprehensive health index. Active maintenance decision and execution module: used to perform active maintenance on routing paths with sub-health or unhealthy levels, search for candidate compensation nodes that meet the conditions for early warning nodes, and add them to the routing path as signal compensation relays to strengthen the routing path; for unhealthy routing paths, while performing routing path strengthening, a backup link that works in parallel with the main link is established to activate routing path redundancy. Maintenance effect verification module: It is used to recalculate the comprehensive health index of the reinforced route path. If it recovers to the health level, the route path reinforcement is maintained. If it is still below the health level, the route path reconstruction is triggered when the preset conditions are met, and the optimal route path selected after reconstruction is used as the new formal route path to complete the route selection.

[0066] Although this application makes various references to certain modules in the system according to the embodiments of this application, any number of different modules can be used and run on user terminals and / or servers. The various units and modules included are only divided according to functional logic, but are not limited to the above division, as long as the corresponding functions can be achieved; in addition, the specific names of each functional unit are only for easy distinction between each other and are not used to limit the scope of protection of this invention.

[0067] Example 3: This application provides a meter reading routing device based on communication signal strength. The meter reading routing device based on communication signal strength includes: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to execute the meter reading routing method based on communication signal strength in Example 1 above.

[0068] Example 4: This application provides a computer program product including a computer program carried on a computer-readable medium, the computer program containing program code for performing the methods shown in the flowchart. In such an embodiment, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from a network via a communication system, or installed from a storage system. When the computer program is executed by a processing system, it performs the functions defined in the method of Example 1 of this application.

[0069] The specific embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this application. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. In some cases, the actions or steps described in this application can be performed in a different order than that shown in the embodiments and still achieve the desired results. Furthermore, the processes depicted in the accompanying drawings do not necessarily require a specific or sequential order to achieve the desired results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

Claims

1. A method for selecting electricity meter reading routes based on communication signal strength, characterized in that, The method includes: Step S10: Construct the spatial association topology of the electricity meter nodes, obtain the communication signal strength values ​​between each node and establish the neighbor set of each node, and record the time series of communication signal strength between each node and its neighboring nodes. Step S20: Calculate the spatial correlation change index of each node based on the average rate of change of the communication signal strength between each node and all its neighboring nodes, mark risk nodes based on the spatial correlation change index, and further identify early warning nodes from the neighboring nodes of the risk nodes, and record the diffusion direction of communication signal attenuation. Step S30: Calculate the comprehensive health index of the routing path based on the topological distance between each node in the routing path and the nearest risk node and the number of nodes in the routing path marked as warning nodes, and classify the routing path into healthy level, sub-healthy level and unhealthy level based on the comprehensive health index. Step S40: Active maintenance is performed on routing paths with sub-health or unhealthy levels. Candidate compensation nodes that meet the conditions are searched for for early warning nodes and added to the routing path as signal compensation relays to strengthen the routing path. For routing paths with unhealthy levels, a backup link that works in parallel with the main link is established to activate routing path redundancy while strengthening the routing path. Step S50: Recalculate the overall health index of the reinforced route path. If it recovers to the health level, maintain the route path reinforcement. If it is still below the health level, trigger route path reconstruction when the preset conditions are met, and use the optimal route path selected after reconstruction as the new formal route path to complete the route selection.

2. The method for selecting electricity meter reading routes based on communication signal strength as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Step S10 includes the following detailed steps: Step S101: The concentrator obtains the communication signal strength values ​​between all electricity meter nodes within its jurisdiction through full network detection and constructs a communication signal strength matrix between nodes. Step S102: Construct a spatially associated neighbor set for each node based on the communication signal strength matrix and a preset neighbor determination threshold; Step S103: Record the time series of communication signal strength between each node and its neighboring nodes.

3. The method for selecting electricity meter reading routes based on communication signal strength as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S20, the formula for calculating the spatial correlation change index is: in, For nodes Spatial correlation change index, For nodes The number of neighboring nodes, Represents a node Its neighboring nodes The current communication signal strength value. Represents a node Its neighboring nodes The communication signal strength value at the previous moment; Nodes whose spatial correlation change index is lower than the first spatial correlation threshold are marked as risk nodes. For nodes marked as risk nodes, their neighbor sets are further traversed, and neighbor nodes whose communication signal strength change rate is lower than the second spatial correlation threshold are marked as warning nodes, where the second spatial correlation threshold is less than the first spatial correlation threshold.

4. The method for selecting electricity meter reading routes based on communication signal strength as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The first spatial correlation threshold and the second spatial correlation threshold are dynamic thresholds, and their values ​​are adaptively determined according to the statistical characteristics of the overall communication signal strength distribution of the network: the first spatial correlation threshold is equal to the mean of the spatial correlation change index of all nodes at the current time minus the standard deviation; The second spatial correlation threshold is equal to the mean of the spatial correlation change index of all nodes at the current moment minus twice the standard deviation.

5. The method for selecting electricity meter reading routes based on communication signal strength as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S30, the comprehensive health index is calculated using the following formula: in, For routing path The overall health index, Indicates the routing path The number of nodes in Indicates the routing path Middle node The topological distance to the nearest risk node, if the node If it is a risk node =0, The preset maximum topology distance, For routing path The number of nodes marked as warning nodes in the data. For routing path The total number of nodes in the system , The preset weighting coefficients and ; when When the health threshold is greater than or equal to the preset health threshold, the routing path is determined to be in good health; when... If the sub-health threshold is greater than or equal to the preset sub-health threshold but less than the preset health threshold, the routing path is determined to be at a sub-health level; when... If the level is below the preset sub-health threshold, the routing path is determined to be unhealthy.

6. The method for selecting electricity meter reading routes based on communication signal strength as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Step S40 includes the following detailed steps: Step S401: For the routing path of the sub-health level, search for candidate compensation nodes that meet the following conditions for the warning nodes in the path: they are not nodes on the routing path, the communication signal strength between them and the warning nodes is not lower than the preset compensation signal strength threshold, and they are not marked as risk nodes or warning nodes. In step S402, after adding the candidate compensation node as a signal compensation relay to the routing path, it is configured to send a copy to the warning node through a direct link when it receives data destined for its corresponding warning node. The signal compensation relay adopts a selective forwarding method, forwarding only the data packets destined for its corresponding warning node, and not forwarding the data packets of other nodes in the routing path. Step S403: For unhealthy routing paths, while performing routing path hardening, establish a backup link that works in parallel with the main link. The establishment of the backup link follows the link separation principle, that is, the intersection of the nodes traversed by the backup link and the nodes of the main link does not exceed 30% of the total number of nodes of the main link.

7. The method for selecting electricity meter reading routes based on communication signal strength as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Step S50 includes the following detailed steps: Step S501: Recalculate the overall health index of the reinforced routing path. If it recovers to the healthy level, maintain the reinforced routing path and record the type, time and effect of this proactive maintenance operation. If it is still below the health level, proceed to route path reconstruction judgment; Step S502, triggering route path reconstruction requires the following preset conditions to be met simultaneously: at least one node in the route path has a spatial correlation change index that has continuously decreased over three consecutive meter reading cycles, there are no candidate compensation nodes in the neighbor set of the node whose communication signal strength is not lower than the compensation signal strength threshold, and the current comprehensive health index of the route path is lower than the preset minimum health threshold. Step S503: After the route path reconstruction is triggered, the candidate route path with the highest average spatial association change index is selected based on the real-time value of the spatial association change index of all nodes on each candidate route path at the current time.

8. A meter reading routing system based on communication signal strength, characterized in that, The system is used to implement the meter reading routing method for electricity meters based on communication signal strength as described in any one of claims 1-7, and the system comprises: Signal Acquisition and Spatial Topology Module: Used to construct the spatial association topology of the electricity meter nodes, obtain the communication signal strength values ​​between each node and establish the neighbor set of each node, and record the time series of communication signal strength between each node and its neighboring nodes; Spatial correlation analysis module: used to calculate the spatial correlation change index of each node based on the average rate of change of the communication signal strength between each node and all its neighboring nodes, mark risk nodes based on the spatial correlation change index, and further identify early warning nodes from the neighboring nodes of the risk nodes, and record the diffusion direction of communication signal attenuation. The routing path health assessment module is used to calculate the comprehensive health index of the routing path based on the topological distance between each node in the routing path and the nearest risk node and the number of nodes in the routing path marked as warning nodes, and to classify the routing path into healthy level, sub-healthy level and unhealthy level based on the comprehensive health index. Active maintenance decision and execution module: used to perform active maintenance on routing paths with sub-health or unhealthy levels, search for candidate compensation nodes that meet the conditions for early warning nodes, and add them to the routing path as signal compensation relays to strengthen the routing path; for unhealthy routing paths, while performing routing path strengthening, a backup link that works in parallel with the main link is established to activate routing path redundancy. Maintenance effect verification module: It is used to recalculate the comprehensive health index of the reinforced route path. If it recovers to the health level, the route path reinforcement is maintained. If it is still below the health level, the route path reconstruction is triggered when the preset conditions are met, and the optimal route path selected after reconstruction is used as the new formal route path to complete the route selection.

9. A meter reading routing device based on communication signal strength, characterized in that, The electricity meter reading routing device based on communication signal strength includes: a memory, a processor, and an electricity meter reading routing program based on communication signal strength stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the electricity meter reading routing program based on communication signal strength is executed by the processor, it implements an electricity meter reading routing method based on communication signal strength as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer program product, characterized in that, The computer program product includes a meter reading routing program based on communication signal strength. When the meter reading routing program based on communication signal strength is executed by the processor, it implements a meter reading routing method based on communication signal strength as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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