Information transmission method and apparatus

Abstract

The application discloses an information transmission method and device, and belongs to the technical field of communication. The method comprises the following steps: a first Internet of Things device receives a first R2D message from a second Internet of Things device, the first R2D message comprises first indication information, the first indication information is used for indicating a plurality of frequency domain resources, the plurality of frequency domain resources are part of frequency domain resources in candidate frequency domain resources; a second R2D message from the second Internet of Things device is received, the second R2D message comprises second indication information, the second indication information is used for indicating at least one available frequency domain resource in the plurality of frequency domain resources; and a first D2R message sent to the second Internet of Things device based on any available frequency domain resource in the at least one available frequency domain resource. Through the resource configuration mode, the harmonic interference between the transmission frequency domains of different devices can be reduced, and the success rate of information transmission is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an information transmission method and apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] Ambient Internet of Things (AIoT) technology supports information transmission between devices and readers, and allows multiple devices to communicate simultaneously with the reader using Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA). For example, multiple frequency domain resources can be defined for multiple devices, enabling them to send information to the reader simultaneously on different frequency domains, thus achieving FDMA. However, harmonic interference may exist between the transmission frequency domains of different devices, affecting the success rate of information transmission. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides an information transmission method and apparatus that can reduce harmonic interference between the transmission frequency domains of different devices and improve the success rate of information transmission. The technical solution is as follows:

[0004] In a first aspect, an information transmission method is provided, applied to a first Internet of Things (IoT) device. The method includes: receiving a first R2D message from a second IoT device, the first R2D message including first indication information, the first indication information indicating multiple frequency domain resources, the multiple frequency domain resources being a subset of candidate frequency domain resources; receiving a second R2D message from the second IoT device, the second R2D message including second indication information, the second indication information indicating at least one available frequency domain resource among the multiple frequency domain resources for the first IoT device to send a device-to-reader (D2R) message; and sending the first D2R message to the second IoT device based on any one of the at least one available frequency domain resources.

[0005] Based on the first aspect, by receiving the first R2D message and the second R2D message from the second IoT device, the available frequency domain resources configured for it by the second IoT device can be determined, and a D2R message can be sent based on the available frequency domain resources. The second IoT device can filter out a portion of the candidate frequency domain resources using the first R2D message, and further filter out the available frequency domain resources from the first round of filtering to allocate them to the first IoT device. This two-round resource configuration method facilitates the allocation of available frequency domain resources free from harmonic interference to the first IoT device, thereby reducing harmonic interference between the transmission frequency domains of different devices and improving the success rate of information transmission.

[0006] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the first instruction information indicates a set of frequency domain resources.

[0007] This can improve the flexibility of frequency domain resources indicated by the first R2D message and save power consumption.

[0008] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the first indication information includes first configuration information, which indicates multiple frequency offset values, which indicate the frequency offset of multiple frequency domain resources relative to the base carrier frequency; or, the first indication information includes multiple frequency offset values.

[0009] Thus, the first R2D message can indicate multiple frequency domain resources through multiple frequency offset values.

[0010] Optionally, the first configuration information includes n, and the multiple frequency offset values ​​include: {1, 2*1, ..., 2*n}; where n is a positive integer.

[0011] Optionally, the first configuration information includes n, and the multiple frequency offset values ​​include: {1, 2} 1 , ..., 2 n}; where n is a positive integer.

[0012] Optionally, the first configuration information includes n, and the multiple frequency offset values ​​include: {2*1, ..., 2*n}; where n is a positive integer.

[0013] Optionally, the first configuration information includes n, and the multiple frequency offset values ​​include: {2 1 , ..., 2 n}; where n is a positive integer.

[0014] Optionally, the first configuration information includes n, and the multiple frequency offset values ​​include: {m, 2*m, ..., n*m}, or the multiple frequency offset values ​​include: {m 1 m2 , ..., m n}; where m and n are both positive integers, and m is a preset parameter.

[0015] Optionally, the first configuration information includes n, and the multiple frequency offset values ​​include: {s, m, 2*m, ..., n*m}, or the multiple frequency offset values ​​include: {s, m 1 m 2 , ..., m n}; where s, m and n are all positive integers, and s and m are preset parameters.

[0016] Optionally, the first configuration information includes m, or includes m and n, and the multiple frequency offset values ​​include: {m, 2*m, ..., n*m}, or the multiple frequency offset values ​​include: {m 1 m 2 , ..., m n}; where m and n are both positive integers.

[0017] Optionally, the first configuration information includes s and m, or includes s, m and n, and the multiple frequency offset values ​​include: {s, m, 2*m, ..., n*m}, or the multiple frequency offset values ​​include: {s, m 1 m 2 , ..., m n}; where s, m, and n are all positive integers.

[0018] Optionally, the first configuration information includes s and m, or includes s, m and n, and the multiple frequency offset values ​​include: {s, s+m, s+2m, ..., s+n*m}, or the multiple frequency offset values ​​include: {s, s+m}. 1 ,s+m 2 , ..., s+m n}; where s, m, and n are all positive integers.

[0019] By providing the above-mentioned implementation forms of first configuration information, the flexibility of the first R2D message in indicating multiple frequency domain resources can be improved, as well as the diversity of the forms of the multiple frequency domain resources it indicates.

[0020] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the second indication information is used to indicate whether each of the multiple frequency domain resources is available.

[0021] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the second indication information includes a first bit diagram, which includes multiple bits corresponding one-to-one with multiple frequency domain resources, each bit being used to indicate whether the corresponding frequency domain resource is available.

[0022] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, a bit of 0 indicates that the corresponding frequency domain resource is available; a bit of 1 indicates that the corresponding frequency domain resource is unavailable.

[0023] This can improve the flexibility of frequency domain resources indicated by the first R2D message and save power consumption.

[0024] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the first indication information is used to indicate multiple sets of frequency domain resources, each set of frequency domain resources including several frequency domain resources; the second indication information is used to indicate at least one set of frequency domain resources among the multiple sets of frequency domain resources.

[0025] This can improve the flexibility and diversity of frequency domain resources indicated by the first R2D message.

[0026] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the first indication information includes multiple sets of frequency offset values, each set of frequency offset values ​​including several frequency offset values, each frequency offset value being used to indicate the frequency offset of a frequency domain resource relative to the fundamental carrier frequency, and the second indication information being used to indicate at least one set of frequency offset values ​​among the multiple sets of frequency offset values.

[0027] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the first indication information includes a plurality of second configuration information, each of the plurality of second configuration information being used to indicate a set of frequency offset values, and the second indication information being used to indicate at least one set of frequency offset values ​​among the plurality of sets of frequency offset values ​​indicated by the plurality of second configuration information.

[0028] Thus, the first R2D message can indicate multiple frequency domain resources through multiple frequency offset values.

[0029] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the plurality of second configuration information includes at least two of the following second configuration information.

[0030] The second configuration information includes n, and the set of frequency offset values ​​indicated by the second configuration information includes: {1, 2*1, ..., 2*n}; where n is a positive integer;

[0031] The second configuration information includes n, and the set of frequency offset values ​​indicated by the second configuration information includes: {1, 2} 1 , ..., 2 n}; where n is a positive integer;

[0032] The second configuration information includes n, and the set of frequency offset values ​​indicated by the second configuration information includes: {2*1, ..., 2*n}; where n is a positive integer;

[0033] The second configuration information includes n, and the set of frequency offset values ​​indicated by the second configuration information includes: {2 1 , ..., 2n}; where n is a positive integer.

[0034] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the plurality of second configuration information includes at least two of the following second configuration information:

[0035] The second configuration information includes n, and the set of frequency offset values ​​indicated by the second configuration information includes: {m, 2*m, ..., n*m}; where m and n are both positive integers, and m is a preset parameter;

[0036] The second configuration information includes n, and the set of frequency offset values ​​indicated by the second configuration information includes: {m 1 m 2 , ..., m n}; where m and n are both positive integers, and m is a preset parameter;

[0037] The second configuration information includes n, and the set of frequency offset values ​​indicated by the second configuration information includes: {s, m, 2*m, ..., n*m}, where s, m and n are all positive integers, and s and m are preset parameters;

[0038] The second configuration information includes n, and the set of frequency offset values ​​indicated by the second configuration information includes: {s, m} 1 m 2 , ..., m n}; where s, m, and n are all positive integers, and s and m are preset parameters;

[0039] The second configuration information includes m, or includes m and n. The set of frequency offset values ​​indicated by the second configuration information includes: {m, 2*m, ..., n*m}, where m and n are both positive integers;

[0040] The second configuration information includes m, or includes both m and n. The set of frequency offset values ​​indicated by the second configuration information includes: {m 1 m 2 , ..., m n}; where m and n are both positive integers;

[0041] The second configuration information includes s and m, or includes s, m and n. The set of frequency offset values ​​indicated by the second configuration information includes: {s, m, 2*m, ..., n*m}, where s, m and n are all positive integers.

[0042] The second configuration information includes s and m, or includes s, m and n. The set of frequency offset values ​​indicated by the second configuration information includes: {s, m} 1 m 2 , ..., m n}; where s, m, and n are all positive integers;

[0043] The second configuration information includes s and m, or includes s, m and n. The set of frequency offset values ​​indicated by the second configuration information includes: {s, s+m, s+2m, ..., s+n*m}; where s, m and n are all positive integers.

[0044] The second configuration information includes s and m, or includes s, m and n. The set of frequency offset values ​​indicated by the second configuration information includes: {s, s+m} 1 ,s+m 2 , ..., s+m n}; where s, m, and n are all positive integers.

[0045] By providing the above-mentioned implementation forms of first configuration information, the flexibility of the first R2D message in indicating multiple frequency domain resources can be improved, as well as the diversity of the forms of the multiple frequency domain resources it indicates.

[0046] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the second indication information includes index information of at least one set of frequency domain resources.

[0047] This can improve the flexibility of frequency domain resources indicated by the first R2D message and save power consumption.

[0048] Optionally, the second R2D message may also include third indication information, which indicates the bandwidth corresponding to each frequency resource in all or part of the frequency resources included in at least one available frequency domain resource.

[0049] Thus, the second R2D message may include resource indication information and bandwidth indication information. The resource indication information can be used to identify at least one available frequency domain resource from multiple frequency domain resources, and the bandwidth indication information can be used to configure bandwidth for all available frequency domain resources indicated by the resource indication information or for a specific available frequency domain resource.

[0050] Optionally, the bandwidth is an integer multiple of the predefined minimum bandwidth.

[0051] In this way, the amount of bandwidth indication information can be saved, thereby saving power consumption.

[0052] Optionally, the second R2D message includes a plurality of second indication information, each of which corresponds one-to-one with a plurality of available time-domain resources, and each second indication information is used to indicate at least one available frequency-domain resource on the corresponding available time-domain resource.

[0053] Thus, the second R2D message can be used to configure the corresponding available time domain resources on different available time domain resources, which helps at least one first IoT device to achieve frequency division multiple access based on the corresponding available time domain resources in different time domains.

[0054] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the first indication information is carried in the control portion of the first R2D message, and the control portion of the first R2D message is carried in the L1 or MAC layer; and / or, the second indication information is carried in the control portion of the second R2D message, and the control portion of the second R2D message is carried in the L1 or MAC layer.

[0055] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the third instruction information is carried in the control portion of the second R2D message, and the control portion of the second R2D message is carried in the L1 or MAC layer.

[0056] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the first R2D message is a paging message, and the second R2D message is a paging message or a message other than a paging message.

[0057] For example, the second R2D message is a query for duplicate messages or subsequent paging messages; or, the second R2D message is an R2D message used to trigger the start of random access, such as an R2D message to trigger the start of an access round, or an R2D message to trigger the start of an access time slot, etc.

[0058] In this way, available frequency domain resources can be configured for the first IoT device through a variety of possible R2D messages, improving the flexibility of resource configuration.

[0059] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the first R2D message further includes a first identifier for indicating a first IoT device.

[0060] In this way, the first identifier can be used to indicate the receiving object of the second IoT device, making it easier for the receiver to determine whether the first R2D message was sent to itself based on the first identifier.

[0061] In a second aspect, an information transmission method is provided, applied to a second Internet of Things (IoT) device. The method includes: sending a first R2D message, the first R2D message including first indication information, the first indication information indicating multiple frequency domain resources, the multiple frequency domain resources being a subset of candidate frequency domain resources; sending a second R2D message, the second R2D message including second indication information, the second indication information indicating at least one available frequency domain resource among the multiple frequency domain resources for the first IoT device to send a D2R message; and receiving the first D2R message sent by the first IoT device based on any one of the at least one available frequency domain resources.

[0062] Based on the second aspect, the first R2D message can filter out some frequency domain resources from the candidate frequency domain resources. The first R2D message can then be used to further filter out the frequency domain resources selected in the first round of filtering to identify those usable by the first IoT device, and these usable frequency domain resources can then be configured for use by the first IoT device. This two-round resource configuration method facilitates the allocation of usable frequency domain resources free from harmonic interference to the first IoT device, thereby reducing harmonic interference between the transmission frequency domains of different devices and improving the success rate of information transmission.

[0063] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, sending a first R2D message includes: broadcasting the first R2D message, the first R2D message including first indication information and a first identifier, the first identifier being used to indicate at least one first IoT device; sending a second R2D message includes: broadcasting the second R2D message; receiving a first D2R message sent by a first IoT device based on any one of at least one available frequency domain resources includes: receiving the first D2R message sent by each of the at least one first IoT devices based on any one of the at least one available frequency domain resources.

[0064] In this way, available frequency domain resources can be configured to multiple first IoT devices via broadcast. These multiple first IoT devices can then send first D2R messages to second IoT devices on different frequency domain resources based on the configured available frequency domain resources, thereby achieving frequency division multiple access.

[0065] Thirdly, a communication device is provided, including a processor. The processor is coupled to a memory and can be used to execute instructions or data in the memory to implement the method in any of the possible implementations of the first aspect described above.

[0066] Optionally, the communication device also includes a memory.

[0067] Optionally, the communication device also includes a communication interface, to which the processor is coupled.

[0068] In one implementation, the communication interface may be a transceiver, or an input / output interface.

[0069] In another implementation, the communication device is a chip configured in a terminal device. When the communication device is a chip configured in a terminal device, the communication interface can be an input / output interface.

[0070] Fourthly, a communication device is provided, including a processor. The processor is coupled to a memory and can be used to execute instructions or data in the memory to implement the method in any possible implementation of the second aspect described above. Optionally, the communication device further includes a memory. Optionally, the communication device further includes a communication interface, and the processor is coupled to the communication interface.

[0071] In one implementation, the communication interface may be a transceiver, or an input / output interface.

[0072] In another implementation, the communication device is a chip configured in a satellite. When the communication device is a chip configured in a satellite, the communication interface can be an input / output interface.

[0073] Fifthly, a processor is provided, comprising: an input circuit, an output circuit, and a processing circuit. The processing circuit is configured to receive signals through the input circuit and transmit signals through the output circuit, causing the processor to execute a method in any possible implementation of any of the preceding aspects.

[0074] In specific implementation, the processor can be one or more chips, the input circuit can be input pins, the output circuit can be output pins, and the processing circuit can be transistors, gate circuits, flip-flops, and various logic circuits. The input signal received by the input circuit can be received and input by, for example, but not limited to, a receiver, and the signal output by the output circuit can be, for example, but not limited to, output to and transmitted by a transmitter. Furthermore, the input circuit and the output circuit can be the same circuit, which is used as both the input circuit and the output circuit at different times. This application does not limit the specific implementation of the processor and various circuits.

[0075] In a sixth aspect, a communication device is provided, including a processor and a memory. The processor is used to read instructions stored in the memory and to receive signals via a receiver and transmit signals via a transmitter to execute the method in any possible implementation of any of the above aspects.

[0076] Optionally, the processor may be one or more, and the memory may be one or more.

[0077] In a seventh aspect, a computer program product is provided, the computer program product comprising: a computer program (also referred to as code or instructions), which, when the computer program is run, causes a computer to perform a method in any possible implementation of any of the above aspects.

[0078] Eighthly, a computer-readable storage medium is provided that stores a computer program (also referred to as code or instructions) that, when executed on a computer, causes the computer to perform the methods in any possible implementation of any of the preceding aspects.

[0079] Ninthly, embodiments of this application provide a chip system including one or more processors for calling and executing instructions stored in memory, causing the methods in any of the above aspects or possible implementations to be executed. The chip system may be composed of chips or may include chips and other discrete devices.

[0080] The chip system may include input circuits or interfaces for transmitting information or data, and output circuits or interfaces for receiving information or data.

[0081] In a tenth aspect, a communication system is provided, including the aforementioned terminal and network device. Optionally, the communication system may further include other devices that communicate with the terminal device and / or network device.

[0082] The technical effects of any of the design methods in aspects three through ten can be referenced from the technical effects of different design methods in aspects one or two, and will not be elaborated here. Attached Figure Description

[0083] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a communication system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0084] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an A-IoT communication scenario provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0085] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating an information transmission method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0086] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a process for configuring frequency domain resources according to an embodiment of this application;

[0087] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a random access procedure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0088] Figure 6 This is a flowchart of another information transmission method provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0089] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0090] Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0091] The technical solutions provided in this application can be used in any communication system, such as a third-generation partnership project (3GPP) communication system, for example, a radio frequency identification (RFID) system, a long-term evolution (LTE) system, a fifth-generation (5G) mobile communication system, a new radio (NR) communication system, a vehicle-to-everything (V2X) system, or a hybrid LTE and 5G network system, or a non-terrestrial network (NTN) system, a device-to-device (D2D) communication system, a machine-to-machine (M2M) communication system, an Internet of Things (IoT) system, an ambient IoT (A-IoT) system, a universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS) system, or a code division multiple access (CDMA) system. Access (CDMA) systems and other next-generation communication systems, such as 6G and other future communication systems, can also be non-3GPP communication systems, such as wireless local area networks (WLANs), without restriction.

[0092] For example, the technical solutions provided in this application can be applied to ultra-low power communication scenarios, such as communication scenarios with power consumption below milliwatts (mW) or microwatts (μW), for example, RFID scenarios, IoT scenarios, A-IoT scenarios, etc., without limitation.

[0093] RFID systems are contactless automatic identification systems primarily used for identity verification, and can also be used for reading and writing user data. An RFID system typically includes a reader and tags. The reader interacts with the tags to manage them. For example, the reader can read information from the tag or write information to the tag. The reader and tags communicate via contactless data exchange.

[0094] An IoT system refers to a network system that connects various objects to the Internet through information sensing devices, enabling intelligent identification, positioning, tracking, and monitoring. An IoT system mainly consists of three parts: smart devices, IoT applications, and a user interface. Smart devices are responsible for collecting and transmitting data, IoT applications receive and store data and provide services, while the user interface is used for data management and display.

[0095] In RFID and IoT systems, devices (such as tags and sensors) are battery-powered, requiring manual battery replacement or charging, and have peak power consumption exceeding 10mW. In contrast, A-IoT systems are a new type of IoT service. A-IoT systems support battery-free devices without energy storage (i.e., no energy storage capacity) or battery-free devices with energy storage (i.e., having energy storage capacity). Specifically, A-IoT systems support devices powered by energy harvesting (e.g., solar energy, radio waves, motion, vibration, heat, pressure, or other power sources), requiring no batteries or only limited energy storage, and eliminating the need for manual battery replacement or charging. Peak power consumption is approximately 1μW to hundreds of μW. In other words, A-IoT systems support devices with advantages such as small size, low power consumption, and low complexity, thus enabling wider application and potentially hundreds of billions of connections.

[0096] Similar to RFID systems, A-IoT systems are based on cellular network communication infrastructure and consist of readers and devices (also known as A-IoT devices). The main functions of an A-IoT system include inventory management, location tracking, sensor reporting, and commands. Command functions can be understood as implementing write or lock processes. Typical application scenarios include logistics, warehousing, industrial manufacturing, identification, and environmental monitoring.

[0097] The reader and tag device can be implemented based on the infrastructure of a cellular network. In other words, both the reader and tag device can be devices within a cellular network. For example, the reader can be implemented by network devices, such as base stations. The tag device can be implemented by terminals within a cellular network, such as ultra-low power, ultra-low complexity IoT terminals. The reader and tag device can communicate non-contactly, allowing the reader to read information from the tag device and / or write information that needs to be stored into the tag device.

[0098] For example, inventory management involves using a reader to connect to tag devices within the coverage area. Successfully connected tag devices can send their unique identifier (identifiable by the reader) to the reader. Location services can use positioning signals to pinpoint the location of the tag devices. Sensing services involve tag devices reporting sensor data, such as temperature data, to the reader. Command services can consist of operation instructions, such as `write` and `lock`. The `write` process involves the reader sending a downlink command and data, instructing the tag device to write the data into its memory. The `lock` process involves the reader sending a downlink command, instructing the tag device to lock a specified address in the memory, making the contents of that memory segment unchangeable and unreadable.

[0099] For example, in an A-IoT system, tag devices can be classified into three types according to their power consumption level and signal generation capability: Type A tag devices (which can be called tag device A or Device A), Type B tag devices (which can be called tag device B or Device B), and Type C tag devices (which can be called tag device C or Device C).

[0100] Tag device A consumes approximately μW of power and has energy storage capabilities. It does not generate its own signals; all its operational energy (such as receiving and transmitting signals) comes from the radio frequency (RF) capabilities of external nodes. In other words, tag device A converts the wireless signals emitted by external nodes into energy, which powers its operation. Tag device A's uplink transmission relies on reflection communication. An external node sends a carrier signal to trigger tag device A to send a reflected signal, using RF energy to transmit the uplink signal to the reader. This external node can be a node that provides an external carrier, such as a continuous wave (CW), for tag device A to backscatter. For example, the external node can be a reader, or other nodes such as relay points or terminals.

[0101] Tag device B has a power consumption of hundreds of μW and has energy storage capabilities. It does not generate independent signals, meaning that tag device B's communication also relies on reflected communication, which requires a continuous wave from an external node as a carrier. However, its communication capabilities (such as transmission rate and coverage) are stronger than those of tag device A.

[0102] The tag device C consumes power in the hundreds of μW or mW range, has energy storage capabilities, can actively send signals, and communicates without relying on reflected signals, thus having stronger communication capabilities.

[0103] In summary, Type A tag devices lack independent signal generation or amplification capabilities (i.e., they lack a power amplifier (PA)) and transmit uplink signals via backscatter, resulting in low uplink power and a narrow frequency modulation range. Type B tag devices also lack independent signal generation capabilities but possess amplification capabilities (i.e., they have a PA). They transmit uplink signals via backscatter, offering higher uplink power and a wider frequency modulation range compared to Type A tag devices. Type C tag devices have independent signal generation capabilities and amplification capabilities (i.e., they have a PA). They do not rely on reflected signals for communication, therefore exhibiting even higher uplink power and a wider frequency modulation range compared to Type A and Type B tag devices.

[0104] The tag device design is relatively simple, integrating the application layer and air interface into a single design, supporting microwatt-level or hundred-watt-level power consumption. The tag device can perform encoding and decoding transmission based on on-off-keying (OOK) modulation methods, such as decoding data based on high and low voltage levels using amplitude modulation. When multiple tag devices communicate, time-division multiplexing can be used, and multiple tag devices can use a serial reading method.

[0105] The reader / writer can be a device with read / write capabilities, such as a handheld or fixed device for reading or writing tag information. Alternatively, it can be understood as a device that communicates with the tag, and its form can be a terminal device, a network device, a device with read / write capabilities, or an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, etc., without limitation.

[0106] It is understood that the communication systems and scenarios applicable to this application described above are merely illustrative examples, and the communication systems applicable to this application are not limited thereto. This will be explained uniformly here and will not be repeated below.

[0107] The following is based on Figure 1 Taking an example, the communication system provided in the embodiments of this application will be described.

[0108] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a communication system provided in an embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the communication system may include multiple first nodes and multiple second nodes, and one second node may communicate with multiple first nodes.

[0109] The first node can communicate with the second node over the air via either the uplink (UL) or the downlink (DL). For example, the first node can send uplink data to the second node via the physical device reader channel (PDRCH) in the UL direction; the second node can send downlink data to the first node via the physical reader device channel (PRDCH) in the DL direction; the first node can also communicate with the second node via a side link.

[0110] In this context, PDRCH is the uplink channel in the A-IoT system defined in the standard protocol, and PRDCH is the downlink channel in the A-IoT system defined in the standard protocol. For example, the uplink data sent by the first node to the second node via PDRCH in the UL direction may include PDRCH data or PDRCH itself; correspondingly, the downlink data sent by the second node to the first node via PRDCH in the DL direction may include PRDCH data or PRDCH. This will be explained uniformly here and will not be elaborated further below.

[0111] Optionally, the first node can be a tag device, or it can be a device that includes a tag. For example, the first node can be an A-IoT device. An A-IoT device can be a passive device, meaning that the power and carrier waves required for its operation can be provided by other external nodes (such as a second node).

[0112] Optionally, the second node can act as a reader / writer, or the second node can perform the functions of a reader / writer. For example, the second node can be a network device or an intermediate node. The intermediate node can be a relay device, repeater, terminal device, IAB node, or other devices that can be used to implement relay functions, etc., without limitation.

[0113] The aforementioned terminal device can be a device with wireless transceiver capabilities or a chip or chip system that can be installed in the device, and can be used to provide voice and / or data connectivity to users. It can also be referred to as user equipment (UE), terminal, mobile station (MS), or mobile terminal (MT), etc. For example, the aforementioned terminal device can be a handheld device, vehicle-mounted device, etc., with wireless connectivity, such as a mobile phone, tablet computer, laptop, PDA, or computer with wireless transceiver capabilities. Terminal devices can also be mobile internet devices (MID), wearable devices, virtual reality (VR) terminals, augmented reality (AR) terminals, wireless diagnostics in industrial control, wireless terminals in self-driving, wireless terminals in remote medical surgery, wireless terminals in smart grids, wireless terminals in transportation safety, wireless terminals in smart cities, wireless terminals in smart homes, vehicle-mounted terminals, vehicles with vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication capabilities, intelligent connected vehicles, drones with drone-to-drone (U2U) communication capabilities, etc., without restriction.

[0114] The aforementioned network equipment can be any type of device deployed in the access network capable of wireless communication with terminal devices. It is primarily used to implement functions such as wireless physical control, resource scheduling and wireless resource management, wireless access control, and mobility management. Specifically, the network equipment can be either wired or wireless access-enabled. For example, the network equipment can be an access network (AN) / radio access network (RAN) device, composed of multiple AN / RAN nodes. AN / RAN nodes can be: base stations (nodeB, NB), macro base stations, micro base stations, relay stations, enhanced nodeB (eNB), next-generation nodeB (gNB), radio network controllers (RNC), base station controllers (BSC), base transceiver stations (BTS), home base stations (e.g., home evolved nodeB, home nodeB (HNB)), base band units (BBU), access points (AP), or wireless fidelity APs (Wi-Fi APs), transmission reception points (TRP), transmission points (TP), wireless relay nodes, or wireless backhaul nodes in integrated access and backhaul (IAB) (i.e., IAB nodes), or some other access node, reader, or reading / writing device, etc., without restriction.

[0115] In some embodiments, when communicating in a cellular network (also known as a mobile network or wireless network), the communication between the tag device and the reader can be implemented based on either of the following two topologies.

[0116] Topology 1:

[0117] For example, such as Figure 1 As shown in (a), the first node is an A-IoT device and the second node is a network device. The A-IoT device communicates directly with the network device, that is, the A-IoT device and the network device directly transmit uplink and downlink data.

[0118] Topology 2:

[0119] For example, such as Figure 1 As shown in (b), the first node is an A-IoT device, and the second node is an intermediate node. The A-IoT device can communicate with the network device through the intermediate node, and the intermediate node can transmit uplink and downlink data between the network device and the A-IoT device. The communication between the intermediate node and the network device is via the Uu interface, i.e., air interface communication.

[0120] In some embodiments, when the A-IoT device and the network device are close together, such as when both are indoors, communication between the A-IoT device and the network device can be implemented based on topology 1. When the A-IoT device and the network device are far apart, such as when the A-IoT device is indoors and the network device is outdoors, communication between the A-IoT device and the network device can be implemented based on topology 2.

[0121] It should be understood that the structures of Topology 1 and Topology 2 described above are merely examples, and the communication system described above may include other topologies, which are not limited thereto.

[0122] The following is combined Figure 1 The communication system shown here, taking the A-IoT communication scenario as an example, illustrates the application scenarios involved in the embodiments of this application. For ease of understanding, the relevant terms involved in the application scenarios are explained first.

[0123] In this context, R represents the reader, which can be a network device or an intermediate node, i.e., the second node; D represents the tag device (i.e., the A-IoT device), i.e., the first node; CW node represents the node that provides an external carrier to the tag device for backscattering. The CW node can be a reader (i.e., the second node or an intermediate node) or other external nodes (i.e., nodes other than the second node or intermediate node); R2D represents downlink transmission (i.e., reader to device), where the reader sends downlink data to the tag device; D2R represents uplink transmission (i.e., device to reader), where the tag device sends uplink data to the reader; CW2D represents providing an external carrier to the device.

[0124] For example, based on the above topology and the distinction between CW nodes as external nodes and Readers themselves, various application scenarios are illustrated. For instance, each application scenario can be shown in Table 1 below.

[0125] Table 1

[0126]

[0127]

[0128] It should be noted that in Table 1 above, CW internally refers to the Reader (i.e., the second or intermediate node) itself, meaning the Reader provides external carriers to the Device; CW externally refers to any node other than the Reader (i.e., any node other than the second or intermediate node), meaning other nodes provide external carriers to the Device. Furthermore, the topology indicates whether the communication between the Reader and the Device follows Topology 1 or Topology 2.

[0129] Furthermore, in Table 1 above, BS represents network devices in topology 2, such as base stations. R1 represents nodes that provide external carriers to the device, such as base stations; R2 represents nodes that communicate with the device, such as base stations.

[0130] In the above embodiments, the tag device can establish a connection with the reader through random access to achieve efficient communication. For example, the tag device can send message 1 (Msg1) to the reader, where Msg1 is used to initiate random access.

[0131] In scenarios where the reader communicates with multiple tag devices, current standard protocols support Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), allowing message 1 (Msg1) from multiple devices to undergo D2R transmissions (Y ≥ 1 times) in response to random access triggered by R2D transmissions. For example, Y available access occasions (AOs) can be defined for Msg1 in the frequency domain, and a tag device can randomly select one of the AOs to send Msg1. This allows multiple tag devices to simultaneously send Msg1 to the reader in different frequency domains, requesting access to the reader at the same time.

[0132] In one embodiment, multiple tag devices can send information to the reader in different frequency domains by making a small frequency offset based on the carrier frequency of an external carrier, thereby achieving frequency division multiple access.

[0133] For example, there is an external carrier wave (CW) node that can transmit a carrier wave with a frequency of F. After receiving this carrier wave, the tag device can modulate the information to be transmitted (such as Msg1) onto the backscattered carrier wave via backscattering. Multiple tag devices can each adjust the frequency of their backscattered signal to F+R*Δf by making a small frequency offset from the carrier frequency F. This frequency offset enables frequency division multiple access, allowing multiple tag devices to communicate with the reader simultaneously.

[0134] The modulation method can include on-off keying (OOK) or binary phase shift keying (BPSK), etc. R is the frequency offset value, Δf is the frequency interval, Δf = 1 / Tb, where Tb is the time domain length corresponding to one information bit.

[0135] Currently, the R value used by each tag device in a multi-tag system for small frequency offset can be selected from candidate R values. These candidate R values ​​are determined based on the tag device's D2R transmission bandwidth and sampling clock, and are generally consecutive integer values, such as {1, 2, 3, ..., 24}. Each tag device can randomly select an R value from the candidate R values ​​to perform a small frequency offset on the backscattered signal, so as to send information to the reader via the frequency-offset backscattered signal.

[0136] However, if the R value used by different tag devices is inappropriate, it may lead to harmonic interference in the transmission frequency domain between different tag devices. For example, if two tag devices use any two of the values ​​{1, 3, 5, 7, ..., 15, 17} for their R values, then there will be harmonic interference in the transmission frequency domain of these two tag devices. That is, signals with frequencies of F+1*Δf, F+3*Δf, F+5*Δf, ..., F+15*Δf, and F+17*Δf will have harmonic interference with each other.

[0137] As can be seen from the above, not all of the candidate R values ​​used by the tag device for small frequency offset are currently available. For example, there may be harmonic interference between the transmission frequency domains corresponding to different R values.

[0138] Harmonic interference can cause signal distortion, increased bit error rate, or communication interruption, thereby reducing communication quality, affecting the accuracy of data transmission, or causing devices to fail to receive or send data normally, thus affecting the success rate of information transmission. For example, in random access scenarios, it may cause the reader to fail to successfully receive or decode Msg1 sent by different tag devices, resulting in random access failure.

[0139] Therefore, how to define Y available access occasions (AOs) in the frequency domain for the information to be transmitted by the tag device (such as Msg1) in order to reduce harmonic interference between the transmission frequency domains of different devices has become an urgent problem to be solved.

[0140] Based on this, the present application provides an information transmission method that can configure a frequency domain resource pool through a first R2D message and further determine available frequency domain resources from the frequency domain resource pool through a second R2D message, so as to configure available frequency domain resources that do not interfere with each other for the information to be transmitted by the tag device, thereby reducing harmonic interference between the transmission frequency domains of different devices and improving the success rate of information transmission.

[0141] The following is in conjunction with the above. Figure 1 The communication system described herein refers to the following Figures 3 to 5 The information transmission method provided in the embodiments of this application will be described. The first node may be a first Internet of Things (IoT) device, and the first IoT device may be... Figure 1 The communication system shown includes tag devices, such as A-IoT devices; the second node can be a second IoT device, which can be... Figure 1 The reader / writer in the communication system shown can be a network device or an intermediate node. The processing performed by a single execution entity (first node, second node) shown in the embodiments of this application can also be divided into multiple execution entities, which can be logically and / or physically separated, without limitation.

[0142] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating an information transmission method provided in an embodiment of this application, exemplified as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the method may include:

[0143] S301, the second node sends a first R2D message, which includes first indication information. The first indication information indicates multiple frequency domain resources, which are a subset of candidate frequency domain resources. Correspondingly, at least one first node receives the first R2D message.

[0144] The first indication information is used to indicate a resource pool of frequency domain resources, which includes multiple frequency domain resources. By sending a first R2D message, the second node can configure a resource pool including multiple frequency domain resources for at least one first node, so that each first node can send information based on the frequency domain resources in the resource pool.

[0145] Understandably, the second node can broadcast the first R2D message. At least one first node can receive the first R2D message broadcast by the second node.

[0146] The candidate frequency domain resources are frequency domain resources determined based on the transmission bandwidth and sampling clock of the device D2R of at least one first node, and are generally some consecutive frequency domain resources. The candidate frequency domain resources can be predefined or calculated by the second node, and this application embodiment does not limit this.

[0147] For example, a candidate frequency domain resource can be the frequency domain resource corresponding to a candidate R value. The R value refers to the frequency offset of the corresponding frequency domain resource relative to the fundamental carrier frequency. Candidate R values ​​are constrained by the transmission bandwidth of the device-to-receiver (D2R) at least one first node and the device sampling clock, and are generally multiple consecutive integer values. For example, if the minimum transmission bandwidth of the device D2R is 15kHz and the device sampling clock is 2.4MHz, then the maximum number of candidate R values ​​should not exceed 2.4MHz / 15kHz = 160. For example, candidate R values ​​can include {1, 2, 3, ..., 160}.

[0148] In this embodiment of the application, considering that not all frequency domain resources in the candidate frequency domain resources are available, and there may be harmonic interference between some frequency domain resources, some frequency domain resources can be screened from the candidate frequency domain resources first based on the harmonic interference factor, that is, the first round of screening is performed from the candidate frequency domain resources first through the first R2D message.

[0149] In one approach, the resource pool does not include frequency domain resources that interfere with each other with harmonics; that is, the multiple frequency domain resources in the resource pool do not interfere with each other with harmonics. Thus, the resource pool configured through the first R2D message can avoid harmonic interference between the transmission frequency domains of different first nodes.

[0150] In another approach, the multiple frequency domain resources in the resource pool may also include some frequency domain resources that are mutually interfering with each other. For example, the multiple frequency domain resources in the resource pool may include some frequency domain resources that are not mutually interfering with each other, and another part of the frequency domain resources that are mutually interfering with each other. In the implementation of this application, the part of the frequency domain resources that are not mutually interfering with each other can be further filtered from the resource pool by sending a second R2D message, and this part of the frequency domain resources can be configured to at least one first node.

[0151] In one embodiment, the first indication information is used to indicate multiple frequency offset values ​​(hereinafter referred to as R values), each R value indicating a frequency domain resource. For example, each R value indicates the frequency offset of a frequency domain resource relative to a base carrier frequency. For instance, each R value indicates an available frequency FS = F + R * Δf, where F is the frequency of the carrier transmitted by the CW node, and Δf is the frequency interval.

[0152] The first indication information can indicate a set of frequency domain resources or multiple sets of frequency domain resources. This embodiment uses the example of the first indication information indicating a set of frequency domain resources, where the set of frequency domain resources includes multiple frequency domain resources, for illustration. The case where the first indication information includes multiple sets of frequency domain resources will be discussed below. Figure 6 The embodiments are described in detail.

[0153] When the first indication information indicates a set of frequency domain resources, the first indication information may include the following two possible implementations.

[0154] In a first possible implementation, the first indication information includes first configuration information, which is used to indicate multiple R values.

[0155] As an example, the first configuration information can be combined with a first preset rule to indicate multiple R values. For example, the first preset rule could be multiple R values ​​including 2*n, or including 1 and 2*n, or including 2 n Or including 1 and 2 n And so on. Where n = 1, 2, ... n can be configured through the first configuration information.

[0156] The first preset rule can be predefined or configured through first instruction information. For example, the first instruction information includes first configuration information and the first preset rule. This application embodiment does not limit the method of setting the first preset rule.

[0157] As an example, the first configuration information may include any of the following implementation methods.

[0158] Method 1: The first configuration information includes n, and correspondingly, multiple R values ​​include: {1, 2*1, ..., 2*n}; where n is a positive integer.

[0159] By configuring n, n+1 R values ​​can be defined, which in turn define n+1 frequency domain resources. These n+1 R values ​​include 1 and 2*n, where n = 1, 2, ...

[0160] For example, if n is 1, then the R value includes: {1, 2}; if n is 2, then the R value includes: {1, 2, 4}; if n is 3, then the R value includes: {1, 2, 4, 6}; if n is 4, then the R value includes: {1, 2, 4, 6, 8}; and so on.

[0161] Method 2: The first configuration information includes n, and correspondingly, multiple R values ​​include: {1, 2} 1 , ..., 2 n}; where n is a positive integer.

[0162] By configuring n, n+1 R values ​​can be defined, thereby defining n+1 frequency domain resources. These n+1 R values ​​include 1 and 2. n n = 1, 2, ...

[0163] For example, if n = 1, then the value of R includes {1, 2}; if n = 2, then the value of R includes {1, 2, 2}. 2 If n is 3, then the value of R includes {1, 2, 2}.2 ,2 3}; and so on.

[0164] Method 3: The first configuration information includes n, and correspondingly, multiple R values ​​include: {2*1, ..., 2*n}; where n is a positive integer.

[0165] By configuring n, n R values ​​can be defined, and thus n frequency domain resources can be defined. These n R values ​​include 2*n, where n = 1, 2, ...

[0166] Optionally, n is greater than 1.

[0167] For example, if n is 2, then the R values ​​include: {2, 4}; if n is 3, then the R values ​​include: {2, 4, 6}; if n is 4, then the R values ​​include: {2, 4, 6, 8}; and so on.

[0168] Method 4: The first configuration information includes n, and correspondingly, multiple R values ​​include: {2 1 , ..., 2 n}; where n is a positive integer.

[0169] By configuring n, n R values ​​can be defined, and thus n frequency domain resources can be defined. These n R values ​​include 2 n n = 1, 2, ...

[0170] Optionally, n is greater than 1.

[0171] For example, if n is 2, then the value of R includes {2, 2...} 2 If n is 3, then the value of R includes {2, 2}. 2 ,2 3}; and so on.

[0172] Method 5: The first configuration information includes n, and correspondingly, multiple R values ​​include: {1*m, 2*m, ..., n*m}, where m is a predefined parameter.

[0173] Where m and n are both positive integers. m is the step size, and n is the total number of R values. Optionally, n is greater than 1.

[0174] In method 5, the step size m is a predefined parameter, such as m can be predefined as 1, 2, or 3, etc. The total number n can be configured through the first R2D message. By configuring n, n R values ​​can be defined, and thus n frequency domain resources can be defined. These n R values ​​include integer multiples of m.

[0175] For example, if n is 2, then the R value includes: {m, 2*m}; if n is 3, then the R value includes: {m, 2*m, 3*m}; if n is 4, then the R value includes: {m, 2*m, 3*m, 4*m}; and so on.

[0176] For example, if m = 1, then the multiple values ​​of R include: {1, 2, ..., n}.

[0177] For example, if m = 2, then the multiple R values ​​include: {2, 2*2, ..., 2*n}.

[0178] Method 6: The first configuration information includes m and n, and correspondingly, multiple R values ​​include: {1*m, 2*m, ..., n*m}.

[0179] In method 6, both the step size m and the total number n can be configured via the first R2D message. This further enhances the flexibility of configuring the resource pool.

[0180] Alternatively, n can be a predefined parameter, in which case n is not included in the first configuration information. This saves configuration resources.

[0181] Method 7: The first configuration information includes n. Correspondingly, multiple R values ​​include: {s, m, 2*m, ..., n*m}, where s and m are predefined parameters.

[0182] Where s, m, and n are all positive integers. s is the initial value, m is the step size, and the total number of R values ​​is n+1.

[0183] In method 7, the initial value s and the step size m are predefined parameters, such as s=1, m=2; or s=2, m=3, etc. n can be configured through the first R2D message. By configuring n, n+1 R values ​​can be defined, thereby defining n+1 frequency domain resources. These n+1 R values ​​include the initial value s and subsequent integer multiples of m.

[0184] For example, if s = 1 and m = 2, then the multiple R values ​​include: {1, 2, 2*2, ..., n*2}. If s = 2 and m = 3, then the multiple R values ​​include: {2, 3, 2*3, ..., n*3}.

[0185] Method 8: The first configuration information includes s, m, and n. Correspondingly, multiple R values ​​include: {s, m, 2*m, ..., n*m}.

[0186] In method 8, n, the initial value s, and the step size m can all be configured via the first R2D message. This further enhances the flexibility of configuring the resource pool.

[0187] Alternatively, n can be a predefined parameter, in which case n is not included in the first configuration information. This saves configuration resources.

[0188] Method 9: The first configuration information includes n, and correspondingly, multiple R values ​​include: {s, s+m, s+2m, ..., s+n*m}, where s and m are predefined parameters.

[0189] Where s, m, and n are all positive integers. s is the initial value, and m is the step size.

[0190] In method 9, the initial value s and the step size m are predefined parameters, such as s=1, m=2; or s=2, m=3, etc. n can be configured through the first R2D message. By configuring n, n+1 R values ​​can be defined, and thus n+1 frequency domain resources can be defined.

[0191] For example, if s = 1 and m = 2, then the first preset rule means that the R value includes: {1, 1+2, 1+2*2, ..., 1+(n-1)*2}. Based on this, if n = 2, then the R value includes {1, 3}; if n is 3, then the R value includes {1, 3, 5}; if n is 4, then the R value includes {1, 3, 5, 7}; and so on.

[0192] Method 10: The first configuration information includes s, m, and n. Correspondingly, multiple R values ​​include: {s, s+m, s+2m, ..., s+n*m}.

[0193] In method 10, the initial value s, step size m, and total number n can all be configured via the first R2D message. This further enhances the flexibility of configuring the resource pool.

[0194] Alternatively, n can be a predefined parameter, in which case n is not included in the first configuration information. This saves configuration resources.

[0195] Method 11: The first configuration information includes n, and correspondingly, multiple R values ​​include: {m 1 m 2 , ..., m n}, where m is a predefined parameter.

[0196] Where m and n are both positive integers. n is the total number of R values. Optionally, n is greater than 1.

[0197] In method 11, m is a predefined parameter, such as m can be predefined as 1, 2, or 3, etc. The total number n can be configured through the first R2D message. By configuring n, n R values ​​can be defined, and thus n frequency domain resources can be defined. These n R values ​​include integer powers of m.

[0198] For example, if n is 2, then the value of R includes: {m, m 2 If n is 3, then the value of R includes: {m, m 2 m 3 If n is 4, then the value of R includes: {m, m2 m 3 m 4 And so on.

[0199] For example, if m = 2, then multiple values ​​of R include: {2, 2} 2 , ..., 2 n}

[0200] Method 12: The first configuration information includes m and n, and correspondingly, multiple R values ​​include: {m 1 m 2 , ..., m n}

[0201] In method 12, both m and the total number n can be configured via the first R2D message. This further enhances the flexibility of configuring the resource pool.

[0202] Alternatively, n can be a predefined parameter, in which case n is not included in the first configuration information. This saves configuration resources.

[0203] Method 13: The first configuration information includes n, and correspondingly, multiple R values ​​include: {s, m} 1 m 2 , ..., m n}, where s and m are predefined parameters.

[0204] Where s, m, and n are all positive integers. s is the initial value, and the total number of R values ​​is n+1.

[0205] In method 13, both m and the initial value s are predefined parameters, such as s=1, m=2; or s=2, m=3, etc. n can be configured through the first R2D message. By configuring n, n+1 R values ​​can be defined, thereby defining n+1 frequency domain resources. These n+1 R values ​​include the initial value s and subsequent integer powers of m.

[0206] For example, if s = 1 and m = 2, then multiple R values ​​include: {1, 2, 2} 2 , ..., 2 n If s = 2 and m = 3, then the multiple R values ​​include: {2, 3, 3}. 2 , ..., 3 n}

[0207] Method 14: The first configuration information includes s, m, and n; correspondingly, multiple R values ​​include: {s, m} 1 m 2 , ..., m n}

[0208] In method 14, s, m, and n can all be configured via the first R2D message. This further enhances the flexibility of configuring the resource pool.

[0209] Alternatively, n can be a predefined parameter, in which case n is not included in the first configuration information. This saves configuration resources.

[0210] Method 15: The first configuration information includes n, and correspondingly, multiple R values ​​include: {s, s+m} 1 ,s+m 2 , ..., s+m n}, where s and m are predefined parameters.

[0211] Where s, m, and n are all positive integers. s is the initial value, and the total number of R values ​​is n+1.

[0212] In method 15, m and the initial value s are predefined parameters, such as s=1, m=2; or s=2, m=3, etc. n can be configured through the first R2D message. By configuring n, n+1 R values ​​can be defined, thereby defining n+1 frequency domain resources.

[0213] For example, if s = 1 and m = 2, then multiple R values ​​include: {1, 1+2, 1+2} 2 , ..., 1+2 n Based on this, if n = 1, then the value of R includes {1, 3}; if n = 2, then the value of R includes {1, 1+2, 1+2}. 2 If n is 3, then the value of R includes {1, 1+2, 1+2}. 2 1+2 3}; and so on.

[0214] Method 16: The first configuration information includes s, m, and n; correspondingly, multiple R values ​​include: {s, s+m} 1 ,s+m 2 , ..., s+m n}

[0215] In method 16, s, m, and n can all be configured via the first R2D message. This further enhances the flexibility of configuring the resource pool.

[0216] Alternatively, n can be a predefined parameter, in which case n is not included in the first configuration information. This saves configuration resources.

[0217] In the second possible implementation, the first indication information includes multiple R values.

[0218] For example, the second possible implementation can be achieved in the following way 13.

[0219] Method 17: The first indication information includes n R values: {r1, r2, r3, r4, ..., rn}. Where n is a positive integer. Optionally, n is greater than 1.

[0220] It should be noted that the embodiments of this application are merely illustrative examples of the above-mentioned implementation forms of the first instruction information. It should be understood that the first instruction information can also be implemented in other forms, and the embodiments of this application do not limit this.

[0221] In one embodiment, the first R2D message may further include a first identifier. The first identifier is used to indicate the at least one first node, that is, to indicate that the at least one node is the recipient of the first R2D message, so that each first node, upon receiving the first R2D message, determines whether the first R2D message was sent to its local end based on the first identifier in the first R2D message.

[0222] The first identifier may include the device identifier of each of the at least one first node, or the group identifier of the group to which the at least one first node belongs, etc., and this application embodiment does not limit this. The identifier may be a name or identification information (ID), etc.

[0223] In one embodiment, the first R2D message can be a paging message. The paging message can be used to wake up the at least one first node, or to locate the at least one first node, etc.

[0224] For example, the paging message includes first indication information and a paging identifier, the paging identifier being used to indicate the at least one first node. When a second node needs to communicate with the at least one first node, it can broadcast a first R2D message carrying the paging identifier for indicating the at least one first node to trigger the at least one first node to switch from a dormant state to an active state to establish a connection.

[0225] In one embodiment, the first R2D message may be carried in the physical layer (L1) or the medium access control (MAC) layer.

[0226] In one embodiment, the first indication information in the first R2D message is carried in the control portion of the first R2D message, and the control portion of the first R2D message is carried in the L1 or MAC layer. If carried in the L1 layer, the control portion of the first R2D message is L1 control; if carried in the MAC layer, the control portion of the first R2D message is MAC control.

[0227] S302, the second node sends a second R2D message, the second R2D message including second indication information, the second indication information being used to indicate at least one available frequency domain resource among a plurality of frequency domain resources for the first node to send D2R messages. Accordingly, at least one first node receives the second R2D message.

[0228] Understandably, the second node can broadcast a second R2D message. At least one first node can receive the second R2D message broadcast by the second node.

[0229] Wherein, at least one available frequency domain resource refers to at least one frequency domain resource determined from a plurality of frequency domain resources that can be used by the first node to send D2R messages. This at least one available frequency domain resource can be all or part of the plurality of frequency domain resources. The second indication information is used to indicate at least one available frequency domain resource in the resource pool of frequency domain resources; that is, the second indication information is used to determine at least one available frequency domain resource in the resource pool, so as to configure the determined at least one available frequency domain resource to at least one first node.

[0230] Thus, the second node can determine at least one available frequency domain resource from the resource pool indicated by the first R2D message by sending a second R2D message, and configure the determined at least one available frequency domain resource for use by at least one first node.

[0231] In this way, the second node can determine the available frequency domain resources that are free from harmonic interference from each other in the resource pool, and configure the available frequency domain resources free from harmonic interference to at least one first node. This ensures that when the at least one first node implements frequency division multiple access based on the configured available frequency domain resources, there is no harmonic interference between the transmission frequency domains of different first nodes, thereby improving the success rate of information transmission.

[0232] In this embodiment, the first R2D message can be used to perform a first round of screening from candidate frequency domain resources, taking into account factors such as harmonic interference. Then, by combining factors such as harmonic interference, the number of nodes of the first node, and interference between different second nodes, a second R2D message can be used to further screen usable frequency domain resources from the frequency domain resources selected in the first round, so as to reduce interference in the FDMA access process and improve the success rate of information transmission.

[0233] In one embodiment, the second indication information is used to indicate whether each of the multiple frequency domain resources is available, that is, to indicate whether each frequency domain resource is an available frequency domain resource, so as to indicate at least one available frequency domain resource.

[0234] That is, the second indication information can determine at least one available frequency domain resource from the resource pool by indicating whether each frequency domain resource in the resource pool of multiple frequency domain resources is available.

[0235] As an example, the second indication information includes a first bitmap. The first bitmap includes multiple bits that correspond one-to-one with multiple frequency domain resources in the resource pool, with each bit indicating whether the corresponding frequency domain resource is available.

[0236] Optionally, the length value of the first graph is equal to the number of frequency domain resources in the resource pool.

[0237] Optionally, a bit of 0 indicates that the corresponding frequency domain resource is unavailable; a bit of 1 indicates that the corresponding frequency domain resource is available.

[0238] As an example, the first indication information is used to indicate multiple R values, and correspondingly, the second indication information is used to indicate at least one of these multiple R values. This at least one R value indicates at least one available frequency domain resource. This at least one R value can also be referred to as at least one available R value. For example, the second indication information includes a first bit diagram, which includes multiple bits corresponding one-to-one with the multiple R values ​​indicated by the first indication information, each bit indicating whether the corresponding R value is available.

[0239] For example, please refer to Figure 4 Combining with method 3 above, assuming the first indication information in the first R2D message includes first configuration information, and the first configuration information includes n=7, then the multiple R values ​​it indicates include: {1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12}. Correspondingly, the second indication information in the second R2D message includes a bitmap, and the bitmap has a length of 7. If bitmap=0110101, then it indicates that the available R values ​​include {2, 4, 8, 12}, that is, the available frequency domain resources of the at least one first node are: F+2Δf, F+4Δf, F+8Δf, F+16Δf respectively.

[0240] Optionally, the second R2D message may also include third indication information, which indicates the bandwidth (BW) of each frequency resource among all or part of the frequency resources included in the at least one available frequency domain resource. For example, the third indication information may be used to indicate the bandwidth of all available frequency domain resources in the at least one available frequency domain resource, or to indicate the bandwidth of a certain available frequency domain resource in the at least one available frequency domain resource.

[0241] Thus, the second R2D message may include resource indication information and bandwidth indication information. The resource indication information can be used to determine at least one available frequency domain resource from the resource pool and configure it for at least one first node, while the bandwidth indication information can be used to configure bandwidth for all available frequency domain resources indicated by the resource indication information or for a specific available frequency domain resource.

[0242] As an example, the second indication information indicates the center frequency of the available frequency domain resource, and the third indication information indicates the bandwidth of the available frequency domain resource. Thus, the corresponding available frequency domain resource can be determined based on the center frequency of the second indication information and the bandwidth of the third indication information.

[0243] Optionally, the bandwidth indicated by the third indication information is an integer multiple of the preset bandwidth. For example, the preset bandwidth is a predefined minimum bandwidth.

[0244] In one possible implementation, a minimum bandwidth can be predefined, and correspondingly, a third indication information is used to indicate an integer multiple of the minimum bandwidth. For example, the third indication information includes a bandwidth indication bit, and different values ​​of the bandwidth indication bit can indicate different bandwidths, with the different bandwidths being different multiples of the predefined minimum bandwidth.

[0245] As an example, the bandwidth indication bits included in the third indication information can be shown in Table 2 below.

[0246] Table 2

[0247] Bandwidth indicator bits (2 bits) Bandwidth M*BW 00 1 01 2 10 4 11 8

[0248] As shown in Table 2 above, the bandwidth indicator bit is 2 bits. 00 indicates that the bandwidth is 1 times the minimum bandwidth BW (1BW), 01 indicates that the bandwidth is 2 times the minimum bandwidth BW (2BW), 10 indicates that the bandwidth is 4 times the minimum bandwidth BW (4BW), and 11 indicates that the bandwidth is 8 times the minimum bandwidth BW (8BW).

[0249] As an example, let's assume the second R2D message includes a second indication (i.e., resource indication) and a third indication (i.e., bandwidth indication). Assume the resource indication includes bitmap = 0110101, and the bandwidth indication includes 00010011, meaning the second R2D message includes 0110101 00010011. Therefore, the resource indication (0110101) indicates available R values ​​including {2, 4, 8, 12}, and each two digits of the bandwidth indication (00010011) indicates the bandwidth configured for a corresponding R value. For example, the first two digits 00 in 00010011 indicate a bandwidth of 1 BW for a frequency domain resource with R = 2, the following 01 indicates a bandwidth of 4 BW for a frequency domain resource with R = 4, the following 00 indicates a bandwidth of 1 BW for a frequency domain resource with R = 8, and the last two digits 11 indicate a bandwidth of 8 BW for a frequency domain resource with R = 12. In other words, 0110101 00010011 represent: F+2Δf bandwidth 1BW, F+4Δf bandwidth 2BW, F+8Δf bandwidth 1BW, and F+16Δf bandwidth 8BW, respectively.

[0250] As another example, suppose the resource indication information includes bitmap = 0110101, and the bandwidth indication information includes 01, meaning the second R2D message includes 0110101 01. Therefore, the resource indication information indicates available R values ​​including {2, 4, 8, 12}, and the bandwidth indication information 01 indicates that the bandwidth of the frequency domain resources for each of the R values ​​{2, 4, 8, 12} indicated by the resource indication information is 2 BW. That is, 0110101 01 represents: F+2Δf, F+4Δf, F+8Δf, F+16Δf; where the bandwidth of each frequency domain is 2 BW.

[0251] As another example, if all or some of the available frequency domain resources in at least one available frequency domain resource are not configured with bandwidth, the bandwidth of the corresponding available frequency domain resource can be defaulted to a predefined minimum bandwidth. For example, if the second R2D message does not include the third indication information, or the third indication information is empty, the bandwidth of each available frequency domain resource indicated by the second indication information is defaulted to a predefined minimum bandwidth.

[0252] Optionally, the second indication information in the second R2D message may include multiple second indication information, each corresponding to a multiple available time domain resource, and each second indication information is used to indicate at least one available frequency domain resource on the corresponding available time domain resource.

[0253] Thus, the second R2D message can be used to configure the corresponding available time domain resources on different available time domain resources, which helps at least one node to achieve frequency division multiple access based on the corresponding available time domain resources in different time domains.

[0254] As an example, the second R2D message may include multiple first bitmaps, each corresponding to a multiple available time-domain resource, and each second bitmap indicating at least one available frequency-domain resource on the corresponding available time-domain resource.

[0255] For example, when two available time-domain resources are defined (such as available time-domain resource 1 and available time-domain resource 2), the second R2D message may include two bitmaps, which represent available frequency-domain resources on different available time-domain resources. For instance, the first bitmap represents at least one R value on time-domain resource 1; the second bitmap represents at least one R value on time-domain resource 2.

[0256] It should be noted that the above-mentioned multiple available time-domain resources can be configured through the second R2D message, or through messages other than the second R2D message, or they can be predefined. This application embodiment does not limit the setting method of multiple available time-domain resources.

[0257] It should also be noted that the message types of the first R2D message and the second R2D message can be the same or different. Examples of the message types of these two messages will be given below.

[0258] In one approach, the first R2D message is a paging message, and the second R2D message is also a paging message.

[0259] In other words, the second R2D message reuses the same paging message as the first R2D message. In this case, after the first node receives the second paging message (i.e., the second R2D message), it can ignore the paging identifier in the second paging message.

[0260] For example, if a second R2D message reuses the same paging message as the first R2D message, the paging message may carry a specified field indicating whether the message is only used to determine the resource for information transmission, such as whether it is only used to determine the transmission resource for Msg1. When the first node receives a paging message carrying the specified field, and this specified field indicates that the message is only used to determine the resource for information transmission, the first node may ignore the paging identifier of the paging message.

[0261] In another approach, the first R2D message is a paging message, and the second R2D message is a message other than a paging message.

[0262] For example, the second R2D message may be a query repeat message or a subsequent paging message; or, the second R2D message may be an R2D message used to trigger the start of random access, such as an R2D message triggering the start of an access round or an R2D message triggering the start of an access slot. This application does not limit the message type of the second R2D message in its embodiments.

[0263] In one embodiment, the second R2D message can be carried in the L1 or MAC layer.

[0264] In one embodiment, the second indication information in the second R2D message is carried in the control portion of the second R2D message, which is carried in either the L1 or MAC layer. If carried in the L1 layer, the control portion of the second R2D message is L1 control; if carried in the MAC layer, the control portion of the second R2D message is MAC control.

[0265] In one embodiment, the third indication information (i.e., bandwidth indication information) in the second R2D message is carried in the control portion of the second R2D message, and the control portion of the second R2D message is carried in the L1 or MAC layer.

[0266] Optionally, the aforementioned multiple frequency domain resources (also referred to as resource pools) can be predefined. In this case, the first R2D message may not indicate a resource pool, but the second R2D message may indicate at least one available frequency domain resource in the predefined resource pool. For example, the second R2D message includes a first bit diagram, which indicates at least one available frequency domain resource in the predefined resource pool.

[0267] Optionally, the first R2D message may not indicate a resource pool and may not predefine a resource pool. In this case, the available frequency domain resources of at least one first node can be configured directly through the second R2D message. For example, the second R2D message may include multiple R values, such as {r1, r2, r3, r4, ..., rn}. Thus, multiple R values ​​can be configured directly through the second R2D message for the first node to select from.

[0268] S303, Each of the at least one first node sends a first D2R message to the second node based on any available frequency domain resource in the at least one available frequency domain resource.

[0269] After receiving the first R2D message and the second R2D message, each first node can determine the at least one available frequency domain resource from the resource pool indicated by the first R2D message based on the second R2D message, and randomly select an available frequency domain resource from the at least one available frequency domain resource to send the first D2R message.

[0270] In one possible implementation scenario, when there are multiple first nodes, there are also multiple available frequency domain resources. Different first nodes can select different available frequency domain resources from these multiple available frequency domain resources to send first D2R messages, thereby achieving frequency division multiple access. In this way, multiple first nodes can simultaneously send first D2R messages to a second node on different frequency domain resources, and correspondingly, the second node can receive multiple first D2R messages from multiple first nodes.

[0271] In one embodiment, the second indication information is used to indicate at least one R value in the resource pool. Each first node can randomly select one R value from the at least one R value, determine the corresponding available frequency domain resources based on the selected R value, and send a first D2R message (such as Msg1) based on the determined available frequency domain resources. For example, each first node can modulate the first D2R message onto a carrier with frequency F sent by the CW node using backscattering, and adjust the frequency of the backscattered signal to F+R*Δf according to the selected R value, so as to send the first D2R message through the frequency-adjusted backscattered signal.

[0272] In one embodiment, the first D2R message can be message 1 (Msg1), which is used to initiate random access. For example, Msg1 is a random access request or a random access preamble.

[0273] Furthermore, after receiving at least one Msg1 from at least one first node, the second node can send message 2 (Msg2), such as broadcasting Msg2, to respond to the Msg1 from the at least one first node. For example, Msg2 can be a random access response (RAR).

[0274] Furthermore, after receiving Msg2, each of the at least one first node can send message 3 (Msg3) to the second node to further access the network. Msg3 can be scheduling information, etc.

[0275] It should be understood that the first D2R message can be Msg1 or other D2R messages. This application embodiment does not limit the message type of the first D2R message.

[0276] In this embodiment, a portion of frequency domain resources can be filtered from candidate frequency domain resources using the first R2D message. The first R2D message can then be used to further filter the frequency domain resources selected in the first round of filtering to identify those usable by the first IoT device. These selected usable frequency domain resources are then configured for use by the first node. This two-round resource configuration method facilitates the allocation of usable frequency domain resources free from harmonic interference to the first node, thereby reducing harmonic interference between the transmission frequency domains of different devices and improving the success rate of information transmission. Furthermore, this configuration method allows multiple first nodes to transmit information using different frequency domain resources on different time domain resources, further avoiding interference.

[0277] The following uses a random access scenario as an example to illustrate the random access process provided in the embodiments of this application, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0278] Please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a random access procedure provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0279] like Figure 5 As shown, when the reader needs to communicate with multiple tag devices, it can first send a paging message to configure a resource pool including multiple frequency domain resources for the multiple tag devices. Then, it can send an R2D trigger message to further determine Y available frequency domain resources from the resource pool and configure them for the multiple tag devices. By configuring Y available frequency domain resources, Y available AOs can be defined. Where Y ≥ 1 ( Figure 5 (Shown with Y greater than 1). Furthermore, X available AOs can be defined in the time domain, where X ≥ 1 ( Figure 5 (Example: X is greater than 1). After receiving the R2D trigger message, each tag device in the multiple tag devices can randomly select one of the AOs to send Msg1.

[0280] The R2D trigger message is used to trigger the start of random access, that is, to trigger the tag device to send Msg1. Each time the reader sends an R2D trigger message, it can trigger the start of an access round, that is, trigger a round of random access. Figure 5 The diagram shows n access rounds, such as access round 1, access round 2, ..., access round n. The access process for each access round is similar. The following section uses access round 1 as an example to explain the implementation process of each access round in detail.

[0281] Taking a paging message indicating a resource pool containing multiple R values, such as R = {1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16}, as an example. In access round 1, assuming the reader sends an R2D trigger message to indicate some available R values ​​in the resource pool, such as R = {2, 4, 8, 16}, then Y available frequency domain resources can be defined using these R values, namely: F+2Δf, F+4Δf, F+8Δf, and F+16Δf. Furthermore, as... Figure 5As shown, X available time-domain resources are defined, and each available time-domain resource corresponds to Y available frequency-domain resources. After receiving the R2D trigger message, each tag device can randomly select one available time-domain resource from the X available time-domain resources, and then randomly select one frequency-domain resource from the Y frequency-domain resources on the selected time-domain resource. Based on the selected time-domain resource and frequency-domain resource, it sends Msg1 to the reader. After receiving Msg1 from multiple tag devices, the reader can send Msg2 to respond to the Msg1 from multiple tag devices. Upon receiving Msg2, each tag device can send Msg3 to the reader to further access the reader and establish a connection. In this way, multiple tag devices can use different frequency-domain resources on different time-domain resources to send Msg1, further avoiding interference.

[0282] Where T1 is the time difference between the reader sending the R2D trigger message and the tag receiving the R2D trigger message. T2 is the time difference between the tag sending Msg1 and the reader sending Msg2. The bandwidth of the frequency domain resources of F+2Δf is 1BW, the bandwidth of the frequency domain resources of F+4Δf is 2BW, and the bandwidth of the frequency domain resources of F+16Δf is 1BW.

[0283] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, if different tag devices send Msg1 on the same time domain resource, then the different tag devices need to send Msg1 on different frequency domain resources on the same time domain resource to achieve frequency division multiple access. If different tag devices select the same frequency domain resource to send Msg1 on the same time domain resource, it may lead to access failure. For example, if the reader receives Msg1 sent by different tag devices on the same frequency domain resource on the same time domain resource, the reader may not respond to Msg1, such as not returning Msg2.

[0284] exist Figure 5 In the random access scenario shown, the first round of screening of candidate frequency domain resources can be performed by paging messages, taking into account factors such as harmonic interference. Then, by taking into account factors such as harmonic interference, the number of devices to be accessed, and interference between different readers, available frequency domain resources can be further screened from the first round of selected frequency domain resources through R2D trigger messages. The available frequency domain resources selected through the two rounds of screening are then configured to multiple tag devices to reduce interference during the FDMA access process and improve the access success rate.

[0285] It should be noted that the first indication information included in the first R2D message sent by the second node can also indicate multiple sets of available frequency domain resources. The implementation of the first indication information including multiple sets of available frequency domain resources will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0286] Please refer to Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a flowchart of another information transmission method provided in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 6 As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0287] S601: The second node sends a first R2D message, which includes first indication information. The first indication information is used to indicate multiple sets of frequency domain resources, and each set of frequency domain resources includes several frequency domain resources. Correspondingly, at least one first node receives the first R2D message.

[0288] Among them, multiple sets of frequency domain resources are a portion of the candidate frequency domain resources. Each set of frequency domain resources includes one or more available frequency domain resources.

[0289] In one embodiment, frequency domain resources can be represented by the R value.

[0290] In a first possible implementation, the first indication information includes multiple sets of R values. Each set of R values ​​includes several (one or more) R values.

[0291] As an example, the first instruction message includes the following:

[0292]

[0293] In a second possible implementation, the first indication information includes multiple second configuration information. Each second configuration information indicates a set of R values, and the multiple second configuration information indicates multiple sets of R values.

[0294] As an example, multiple second configuration pieces of information correspond one-to-one with multiple first preset rules. Each second configuration piece of information can be combined with a corresponding first preset rule to indicate a set of R values. For example, the multiple first preset rules can include at least two of the following rules: multiple R values ​​include 2*n; multiple R values ​​include 1 and 2*n; multiple R values ​​include 2... n Multiple R values, including 1 and 2. n Where n = 1, 2, ... , n can be configured through the corresponding second configuration information.

[0295] As an example, multiple second configuration information can include various implementation methods, such as at least two of the methods 1-17 mentioned above.

[0296] As an example, the first instruction message includes the following:

[0297]

[0298] In one embodiment, the first R2D message can be a paging message. The paging message can be used to wake up the at least one first node, or to locate the at least one first node, etc.

[0299] For example, the paging message includes first indication information and a paging identifier, the paging identifier being used to indicate the at least one first node. When a second node needs to communicate with the at least one first node, it can broadcast a first R2D message carrying the paging identifier for indicating the at least one first node to trigger the at least one first node to switch from a dormant state to an active state to establish a connection.

[0300] In one embodiment, the first indication information in the first R2D message is carried in the control portion of the first R2D message, and the control portion of the first R2D message is carried in the L1 or MAC layer. If carried in the L1 layer, the control portion of the first R2D message is L1 control; if carried in the MAC layer, the control portion of the first R2D message is MAC control.

[0301] S602: The second node sends a second R2D message, which includes second indication information used to indicate at least one set of frequency domain resources among multiple sets of frequency domain resources. Accordingly, at least one first node receives the second R2D message.

[0302] Here, the at least one set of frequency domain resources refers to the available frequency domain resources used by the first node to send D2R messages, and can also be referred to as at least one set of available frequency domain resources.

[0303] In one embodiment, the second indication information includes index information of the at least one set of frequency domain resources. This index information is used to represent the at least one set of frequency domain resources.

[0304] As an example, the second indication information includes at least one of a plurality of index values, which is used to indicate at least one set of available frequency domain resources.

[0305] In this context, multiple index values ​​correspond one-to-one with multiple sets of frequency domain resources indicated by the first R2D message, with each index value indicating a corresponding set of frequency domain resources. For example, multiple index values ​​correspond one-to-one with multiple sets of R values ​​indicated by the first R2D message, with each index value indicating a corresponding set of R values.

[0306] For example, referring to the example in the first possible implementation above, the second indication information includes an index. If Index = 0, it means that the available R = {1, 2, 4, 8}; if Index = 1, it means that the available R = {1, 2, 4, 16}; if Index = 2, it means that the available R = {1, 3, 9, 12}.

[0307] For example, referring to the example in the second possible implementation above, the second indication information includes Index. If Index = 0, it means that the available R = {1, 2, ..., 2n}; if Index = 1, it means that the available R = {1, 2, ..., 2n}. 1 , ..., 2 n If Index = 2, then it represents the available R = {1, m, 2*m, ..., n*m}.

[0308] Optionally, the second R2D message may also include third indication information, which indicates the bandwidth corresponding to each frequency domain resource in all or part of the frequency domain resources included in the at least one set of frequency domain resources. For example, the third indication information may be used to indicate the bandwidth of all frequency domain resources in the at least one set of frequency domain resources, or to indicate the bandwidth of a certain set of available frequency domain resources or a certain available frequency domain resource in the at least one set of frequency domain resources.

[0309] Thus, the second R2D message can include resource indication information and bandwidth indication information. The resource indication information can be used to determine at least one set of frequency domain resources from the resource pool and configure them for at least one first node. The bandwidth indication information can be used to configure bandwidth for all frequency domain resources, a set of frequency domain resources, or a specific frequency domain resource indicated by the resource indication information.

[0310] Optionally, the bandwidth indicated by the third indication information is an integer multiple of the preset bandwidth. For example, the preset bandwidth is a predefined minimum bandwidth.

[0311] Optionally, the second indication information in the second R2D message may include multiple second indication information, each corresponding to a multiple available time domain resource, and each second indication information is used to indicate at least one available frequency domain resource on the corresponding available time domain resource.

[0312] Thus, the second R2D message can be used to configure the corresponding available time domain resources on different available time domain resources, which helps at least one node to achieve frequency division multiple access based on the corresponding available time domain resources in different time domains.

[0313] As an example, the second R2D message may include multiple index information, each index information corresponding to multiple available time-domain resources, and each index information indicating at least one set of available frequency-domain resources on the corresponding available time-domain resource.

[0314] For example, when two available time-domain resources are defined (such as time-domain resource 1 and time-domain resource 2), the second R2D message can include two indices (such as Index1 and Index2), which represent R values ​​in different time domains. For instance, Index1 represents the R value in time-domain resource 1; Index2 represents the R value in time-domain resource 2.

[0315] It should be noted that the above-mentioned multiple available time-domain resources can be configured through the second R2D message, or through messages other than the second R2D message, or they can be predefined. This application embodiment does not limit the configuration method of multiple available time-domain resources.

[0316] It should also be noted that the message types of the first R2D message and the second R2D message can be the same or different. Examples of the message types of these two messages will be given below.

[0317] In one approach, the first R2D message is a paging message, and the second R2D message is also a paging message.

[0318] In other words, the second R2D message reuses the same paging message as the first R2D message. In this case, after the first node receives the second paging message (i.e., the second R2D message), it can ignore the paging identifier in the second paging message.

[0319] For example, if a second R2D message reuses the same paging message as the first R2D message, the paging message may carry a specified field indicating whether the message is only used to determine the resource for information transmission, such as whether it is only used to determine the transmission resource for Msg1. When the first node receives a paging message carrying the specified field, and this specified field indicates that the message is only used to determine the resource for information transmission, the first node may ignore the paging identifier of the paging message.

[0320] In another approach, the first R2D message is a paging message, and the second R2D message is a message other than a paging message.

[0321] For example, the second R2D message may be a query for duplicate messages or subsequent paging messages; or, the second R2D message may be an R2D message used to trigger the start of random access, such as an R2D message to trigger the start of an access round or an R2D message to trigger the start of an access time slot. This application does not limit the message type of the second R2D message in its embodiments.

[0322] In one embodiment, the second R2D message can be carried in the L1 or MAC layer.

[0323] In one embodiment, the second indication information in the second R2D message is carried in the control portion of the second R2D message, which is carried in either the L1 or MAC layer. If carried in the L1 layer, the control portion of the second R2D message is L1 control; if carried in the MAC layer, the control portion of the second R2D message is MAC control.

[0324] In one embodiment, the third indication information (resource indication information) in the second R2D message is carried in the control portion of the second R2D message, and the control portion of the second R2D message is carried in the L1 or MAC layer.

[0325] Optionally, the aforementioned multiple sets of frequency domain resources (resource pools) can also be predefined. In this case, the first R2D message may not indicate a resource pool, but the second R2D message may indicate at least one set of available frequency domain resources in the resource pool. For example, the second R2D message includes at least one index value, which indicates at least one set of available frequency domain resources in the resource pool.

[0326] Optionally, the first R2D message may not indicate a resource pool and may not predefine a resource pool. In this case, at least one available frequency domain resource of the first node can be configured directly through the second R2D message. For example, the second R2D message includes at least one set of R values, so at least one set of R values ​​can be configured directly through the second R2D message for the first node to select and use.

[0327] S603: Each of the first nodes in at least one first node sends a first D2R message to the second node based on any frequency domain resource in the at least one set of frequency domain resources.

[0328] After receiving the first R2D message and the second R2D message, each first node can determine at least one set of available frequency domain resources from the resource pool indicated by the first R2D message based on the second R2D message, and randomly select one available frequency domain resource from this at least one set of available frequency domain resources to send the first D2R message.

[0329] In this embodiment, the second node can send a first R2D message and a second R2D message to at least one node to configure at least one set of available frequency domain resources for the at least one node. This configuration method allows at least one node to allocate available frequency domain resources free from harmonic interference to the information to be transmitted, thereby reducing harmonic interference between the transmission frequency domains of at least one node and improving the success rate of information transmission. Furthermore, this configuration method also enables multiple first nodes to transmit information using different frequency domain resources on different time domain resources, further avoiding interference.

[0330] It should be noted that the various embodiments of this application can be implemented independently or in combination, without limitation. Unless otherwise specified or in conflict, the terminology and / or descriptions between the different embodiments provided in this application are consistent and can be referenced mutually. Technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments based on their inherent logical relationships.

[0331] It is understood that in the embodiments of this application, the executing entity may perform some or all of the steps in the embodiments of this application. These steps or operations are merely examples, and the embodiments of this application may also perform other operations or variations thereof. Furthermore, the various steps may be executed in different orders as presented in the embodiments of this application, and it is not necessarily necessary to execute all the operations in the embodiments of this application.

[0332] The foregoing primarily describes the solutions provided in this application from the perspective of device-to-device interaction. It is understood that each device, in order to achieve the aforementioned functions, includes corresponding hardware structures and / or software modules for executing each function. Those skilled in the art should readily recognize that, based on the algorithm steps of the examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein, this application can be implemented in hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is executed in hardware or by computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0333] This application embodiment can divide each device into functional modules according to the above method example. For example, each function can be divided into a separate functional module, or two or more functions can be integrated into one processing module. The integrated module can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional module. It should be noted that the module division in this application embodiment is illustrative and only represents one logical functional division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods.

[0334] When dividing each function into modules according to its corresponding function. Figure 7 A communication device is shown that can perform the above-described... Figure 3 as well as Figure 6 The actions performed by any device in the first node or the second node in the method shown, and all related content of each step involved in the above method embodiment can be referenced from the functional description of the corresponding functional module. The technical effects that can be obtained can be referred to the above method embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0335] The communication device 70 may include a transceiver module 701 and a processing module 702. Exemplarily, the communication device 70 may be a communication equipment, or a chip or other combination device or component having the aforementioned communication device functions. When the communication device 70 is a communication equipment, the transceiver module 701 may be a transceiver, which may include an antenna and radio frequency circuits; the processing module 702 may be a processor (or processing circuit), such as a baseband processor, which may include one or more CPUs. When the communication device 70 is a component having the aforementioned communication device functions, the transceiver module 701 may be a radio frequency unit; the processing module 702 may be a processor (or processing circuit), such as a baseband processor. When the communication device 70 is a chip system, the transceiver module 701 may be an input / output interface of a chip (e.g., a baseband chip); the processing module 702 may be a processor (or processing circuit) of the chip system, and may include one or more central processing units. It should be understood that the transceiver module 701 in the embodiments of this application can be implemented by a transceiver or transceiver-related circuit components; the processing module 702 can be implemented by a processor or processor-related circuit components (or, referred to as processing circuit).

[0336] For example, transceiver module 701 can be used to perform all transceiver operations performed by the communication device, and / or other processes to support the technology described herein; processing module 702 can be used to perform all operations performed by the communication device other than transceiver operations, and / or other processes to support the technology described herein.

[0337] As another feasible approach Figure 7 The transceiver module 701 can be replaced by a transceiver unit, which can integrate the functions of the transceiver module 701; the processing module 702 can be replaced by a processor, which can integrate the functions of the processing module 1102. Furthermore, Figure 7 The communication device 70 shown may also include a memory.

[0338] As another feasible approach Figure 7 The transceiver module 701 can be replaced by a transceiver unit, which can integrate the functions of the transceiver module 701; the processing module 702 can be replaced by a processor, which can integrate the functions of the processing module 702.

[0339] This application embodiment also provides a method such as Figure 8 The communication device 80 shown can be a first node or a chip or system-on-a-chip within the first node; it can also be a second node or a chip or system-on-a-chip within the second node. For example... Figure 8 As shown, the communication device 80 includes a processor 801, a transceiver 802, and a communication line 803.

[0340] Furthermore, the communication device 80 may also include a memory 804. The processor 801, the memory 804, and the transceiver 802 can be connected via a communication line 803.

[0341] The processor 801 can be a central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), a digital signal processor (DSP), a microprocessor, a microcontroller, a programmable logic device (PLD), or any combination thereof. The processor 701 can also be other devices with processing capabilities, such as circuits, devices, or software modules, without limitation.

[0342] Transceiver 802 is used to communicate with other devices or other communication networks. These other communication networks can be Ethernet, radio access network (RAN), wireless local area networks (WLAN), etc. Transceiver 802 can be a module, circuit, transceiver, or any device capable of enabling communication.

[0343] Communication line 803 is used to transmit information between the components included in communication device 80.

[0344] The memory 804 is used to store instructions. These instructions can be computer programs.

[0345] The memory 804 can be a read-only memory (ROM) or other type of static storage device that can store static information and / or instructions; it can also be a random access memory (RAM) or other type of dynamic storage device that can store information and / or instructions; it can also be an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disc storage, optical disc storage (including compressed optical discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital universal optical discs, Blu-ray discs, etc.), magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices, etc., without limitation.

[0346] It should be noted that the memory 804 can exist independently of the processor 801 or can be integrated with the processor 801. The memory 804 can be used to store instructions, program code, or some data, etc. The memory 804 can be located inside or outside the communication device 80, without limitation. The processor 801 is used to execute the instructions stored in the memory 804 to implement the communication method provided in the following embodiments of this application.

[0347] In one example, processor 801 may include one or more CPUs, for example Figure 8 CPU0 and CPU1 in the CPU.

[0348] As an optional implementation, the communication device 80 includes multiple processors, for example, besides Figure 8 In addition to processor 801, it may also include processor 807.

[0349] As an optional implementation, the communication device 80 also includes an output device 805 and an input device 806. For example, the input device 806 is a device such as a keyboard, mouse, microphone, or joystick, and the output device 805 is a device such as a display screen or speaker.

[0350] It should be noted that the communication device 80 can be a desktop computer, laptop computer, network server, mobile phone, tablet computer, wireless terminal, embedded device, chip system, or other device. Figure 8 Equipment with a similar structure. Furthermore... Figure 8 The structural composition shown does not constitute a limitation on the communication device, except... Figure 8 In addition to the components shown, the communication device may include more or fewer components than illustrated, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0351] In this embodiment of the application, the chip system may be composed of chips or may include chips and other discrete devices.

[0352] Furthermore, the actions, terms, etc., involved in the various embodiments of this application can be referenced interchangeably without limitation. The message names or parameter names in the messages exchanged between the various devices in the embodiments of this application are merely examples, and other names may be used in specific implementations without limitation.

[0353] This application also provides a computer program product that, when executed by a computer, can implement the functions of any of the above method embodiments.

[0354] This application also provides a computer program that, when executed by a computer, can implement the functions of any of the above method embodiments.

[0355] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium. All or part of the processes in the above method embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. This program can be stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, it can include the processes of the above method embodiments. The computer-readable storage medium can be an internal storage unit of the terminal (including a data sending end and / or a data receiving end) of any of the foregoing embodiments, such as the terminal's hard disk or memory. The computer-readable storage medium can also be an external storage device of the terminal, such as a plug-in hard disk, smart media card (SMC), secure digital (SD) card, flash card, etc., equipped on the terminal. Further, the computer-readable storage medium can include both the terminal's internal storage unit and external storage devices. The computer-readable storage medium is used to store the computer program and other programs and data required by the terminal. The computer-readable storage medium can also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or will be output.

[0356] It should be noted that the terms "first" and "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order. "First" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this embodiment, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0357] Furthermore, the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the steps or units listed, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to such process, method, product, or apparatus.

[0358] It should be understood that in this application, "at least one (item)" means one or more. "More than one" means two or more. "At least two (items)" means two or three or more. "And / or" is used to describe the relationship between related objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, "A and / or B" can mean: only A exists, only B exists, and A and B exist simultaneously, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the related objects before and after are in an "or" relationship. "At least one (item) of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one (item) of a, b, or c can mean: a, b, c, "a and b", "a and c", "b and c", or "a and b and c", where a, b, and c can be single or multiple. Both "...when" and "if" indicate that a corresponding action will be taken under certain objective circumstances. They are not time limits, nor do they require a judgment action to be taken when the action is taken, nor do they imply any other limitations.

[0359] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate that something is an example, illustration, or description. Any embodiment or design that is described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or design. Specifically, the use of terms such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner to facilitate understanding.

[0360] In this application, "sending information to...(terminal device)" can be understood as the destination of the information being the terminal device. This can include sending information directly or indirectly to the terminal device. "Receiving information from...(terminal device)" can be understood as the source of the information being the terminal device, and can include receiving information directly or indirectly from the terminal device. Information may undergo necessary processing between the source and destination, such as format changes, but the destination can understand the valid information from the source.

[0361] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, only the division of the above functional modules is used as an example. In actual applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.

[0362] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of modules or units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another device, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0363] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. A component shown as a unit can be one or more physical units; that is, it can be located in one place or distributed in multiple different locations. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0364] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

Claims

1. An information transmission method, characterized in that, Applied to a first Internet of Things (IoT) device, the method includes: Receive a first reader-to-device R2D message from a second IoT device. The first R2D message includes first indication information, which is used to indicate multiple frequency domain resources, and the multiple frequency domain resources are a portion of the candidate frequency domain resources. Receive a second R2D message from the second IoT device, the second R2D message including second indication information, the second indication information being used to indicate at least one available frequency domain resource among the plurality of frequency domain resources for the first IoT device to send a device-to-reader D2R message; A first D2R message is sent to the second IoT device based on any one of the at least one available frequency domain resources.

2. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first indication information includes first configuration information, which indicates multiple frequency offset values, wherein the multiple frequency offset values ​​indicate the frequency offset of the multiple frequency domain resources relative to the base carrier frequency; or, The first indication information includes the plurality of frequency offset values.

3. The method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The first configuration information includes n, and the plurality of frequency offset values ​​include: {1, 2*1, ..., 2*n}; where n is a positive integer; or, The first configuration information includes n, and the plurality of frequency offset values ​​include: {1, 2} 1 , ..., 2 n }; where n is a positive integer; or, The first configuration information includes n, and the plurality of frequency offset values ​​include: {2*1, ..., 2*n}; where n is a positive integer; or, The first configuration information includes n, and the plurality of frequency offset values ​​include: {2 1 , ..., 2 n }; where n is a positive integer.

4. The method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The first configuration information includes n, and the plurality of frequency offset values ​​include: {m, 2*m, ..., n*m}, or the plurality of frequency offset values ​​include: {m 1 m 2 , ..., m n }; where m and n are both positive integers, and m is a preset parameter; or, The first configuration information includes n, and the plurality of frequency offset values ​​include: {s, m, 2*m, ..., n*m}, or the plurality of frequency offset values ​​include: {s, m 1 m 2 , ..., m n }; where s, m, and n are all positive integers, and s and m are preset parameters; or, The first configuration information includes m, or includes m and n, and the plurality of frequency offset values ​​include: {m, 2*m, ..., n*m}, or the plurality of frequency offset values ​​include: {m 1 m 2 , ..., m n }; where m and n are both positive integers; or, The first configuration information includes s and m, or includes s, m and n, and the plurality of frequency offset values ​​include: {s, m, 2*m, ..., n*m}, or the plurality of frequency offset values ​​include: {s, m 1 m 2 , ..., m n }; where s, m, and n are all positive integers; or, The first configuration information includes s and m, or includes s, m and n, and the plurality of frequency offset values ​​include: {s, s+m, s+2m, ..., s+n*m}, or the plurality of frequency offset values ​​include: {s, s+m}. 1 ,s+m 2 , ..., s+m n }; where s, m, and n are all positive integers.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The second indication information is used to indicate whether each of the plurality of frequency domain resources is available.

6. The method as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The second indication information includes a first bit map, which includes multiple bits that correspond one-to-one with the plurality of frequency domain resources. Each bit is used to indicate whether the corresponding frequency domain resource is available.

7. The method as described in claim 6, characterized in that, When the bit is 0, it indicates that the corresponding frequency domain resource is unavailable; When the bit is 1, it indicates that the corresponding frequency domain resource is available.

8. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first indication information is used to indicate multiple sets of frequency domain resources, each set of frequency domain resources including several frequency domain resources; the second indication information is used to indicate at least one set of frequency domain resources among the multiple sets of frequency domain resources.

9. The method as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The first indication information includes multiple sets of frequency offset values, each set of frequency offset values ​​includes several frequency offset values, and each frequency offset value is used to indicate the frequency offset of a frequency domain resource relative to the base carrier frequency. The second indication information is used to indicate at least one set of frequency offset values ​​among the multiple sets of frequency offset values. or, The first indication information includes a plurality of second configuration information, each of the plurality of second configuration information is used to indicate a set of frequency offset values, and the second indication information is used to indicate at least one set of frequency offset values ​​among the plurality of sets of frequency offset values ​​indicated by the plurality of second configuration information.

10. The method as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The plurality of second configuration information includes at least two of the following second configuration information: The second configuration information includes n, and the set of frequency offset values ​​indicated by the second configuration information includes: {1, 2*1, ..., 2*n}; where n is a positive integer; The second configuration information includes n, and the set of frequency offset values ​​indicated by the second configuration information includes: {1, 2} 1 , ..., 2 n }; where n is a positive integer; The second configuration information includes n, and the set of frequency offset values ​​indicated by the second configuration information includes: {2*1, ..., 2*n}; where n is a positive integer; The second configuration information includes n, and the set of frequency offset values ​​indicated by the second configuration information includes: {2 1 , ..., 2 n }; where n is a positive integer.

11. The method as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The plurality of second configuration information includes at least two of the following second configuration information: The second configuration information includes n, and the set of frequency offset values ​​indicated by the second configuration information includes: {m, 2*m, ..., n*m}; where m and n are both positive integers, and m is a preset parameter; The second configuration information includes n, and the set of frequency offset values ​​indicated by the second configuration information includes: {m 1 m 2 , ..., m n }; where m and n are both positive integers, and m is a preset parameter; The second configuration information includes n, and the set of frequency offset values ​​indicated by the second configuration information includes: {s, m, 2*m, ..., n*m}, where s, m and n are all positive integers, and s and m are preset parameters; The second configuration information includes n, and the set of frequency offset values ​​indicated by the second configuration information includes: {s, m} 1 m 2 , ..., m n }; where s, m, and n are all positive integers, and s and m are preset parameters; The second configuration information includes m, or includes m and n. The set of frequency offset values ​​indicated by the second configuration information includes: {m, 2*m, ..., n*m}, where m and n are both positive integers. The second configuration information includes m, or includes both m and n, and the set of frequency offset values ​​indicated by the second configuration information includes: {m 1 m 2 , ..., m n }; where m and n are both positive integers; The second configuration information includes s and m, or includes s, m and n. The set of frequency offset values ​​indicated by the second configuration information includes: {s, m, 2*m, ..., n*m}, where s, m and n are all positive integers. The second configuration information includes s and m, or includes s, m and n, and the set of frequency offset values ​​indicated by the second configuration information includes: {s, m} 1 m 2 , ..., m n }; where s, m, and n are all positive integers; The second configuration information includes s and m, or includes s, m and n. The set of frequency offset values ​​indicated by the second configuration information includes: {s, s+m, s+2m, ..., s+n*m}; where s, m and n are all positive integers. The second configuration information includes s and m, or includes s, m and n, and the set of frequency offset values ​​indicated by the second configuration information includes: {s, s+m} 1 ,s+m 2 , ..., s+m n }; where s, m, and n are all positive integers.

12. The method as described in any one of claims 8-10, characterized in that, The second indication information includes index information of the at least one set of frequency domain resources.

13. The method according to any one of claims 1-12, characterized in that, The second R2D message also includes third indication information, which is used to indicate the bandwidth corresponding to each frequency domain resource in all or part of the frequency domain resources included in the at least one available frequency domain resource.

14. The method as described in claim 13, characterized in that, The bandwidth is an integer multiple of the predefined minimum bandwidth.

15. The method according to any one of claims 1-14, characterized in that, The second R2D message includes a plurality of second indication information, each of which corresponds one-to-one with a plurality of available time-domain resources. Each second indication information is used to indicate at least one available frequency-domain resource on the corresponding available time-domain resource.

16. The method according to any one of claims 1-15, characterized in that, The first indication information is carried in the control part of the first R2D message, and the control part of the first R2D message is carried in the physical layer L1 or the media access control (MAC) layer. And / or, The second indication information is carried in the control portion of the second R2D message, and the control portion of the second R2D message is carried in the L1 or MAC layer.

17. The method as described in claim 13 or 14, characterized in that, The third indication information is carried in the control part of the second R2D message, and the control part of the second R2D message is carried in the L1 or MAC layer.

18. The method according to any one of claims 1-17, characterized in that, The first R2D message is a paging message, and the second R2D message is a paging message or a message other than a paging message.

19. The method as described in claim 18, characterized in that, If the second R2D message is a paging message or a message other than a paging message, the second R2D message includes a query duplicate message, a subsequent paging message, or a message used to trigger the start of random access.

20. The method according to any one of claims 1-19, characterized in that, The first R2D message also includes a first identifier, which is used to indicate the first IoT device.

21. An information transmission method, characterized in that, Applied to a second Internet of Things (IoT) device, the method includes: Send a first reader-to-device R2D message. The first R2D message includes first indication information. The first indication information is used to indicate multiple frequency domain resources, which are a portion of the candidate frequency domain resources. Send a second R2D message, the second R2D message including second indication information, the second indication information being used to indicate at least one available frequency domain resource among the plurality of frequency domain resources for the first IoT device to send a device-to-reader D2R message; Receive a first D2R message sent by a first Internet of Things device based on any of the at least one available frequency domain resources.

22. The method as described in claim 21, characterized in that, Sending the first R2D message includes: Broadcast the first R2D message, which includes the first indication information and a first identifier, the first identifier being used to indicate at least one first IoT device; Sending the second R2D message includes: Broadcast the second R2D message; The receiving of the first D2R message sent by the first IoT device based on any one of the at least one available frequency domain resources includes: Receive a first D2R message sent by each of the at least one first IoT devices based on any available frequency domain resource among the at least one available frequency domain resources.

23. A communication system, characterized in that, The communication system includes a first Internet of Things (IoT) device and a second IoT device, wherein the first IoT device is used to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-20, and the second IoT device is used to perform the method as described in any one of claims 21-22.

24. A communication device, characterized in that, The communication device includes a processor; the processor is configured to run a computer program or instructions that cause the method as described in any one of claims 1-20 to be performed, or cause the method as described in any one of claims 21-22 to be performed.

25. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions or programs that, when executed on a computer, cause the method as described in any one of claims 1-20 to be performed, or cause the method as described in any one of claims 21-22 to be performed.

26. A computer program product, characterized in that, The computer program product includes computer instructions; when some or all of the computer instructions are run on a computer, they cause the method as described in any one of claims 1-20 to be performed, or cause the method as described in any one of claims 21-22 to be performed.

Images