Communication method, apparatus and readable storage medium of non-terrestrial network

Abstract

This application relates to the field of communication technology, and more particularly to a communication method, apparatus, and readable storage medium for non-terrestrial networks. The method can be applied to NTNs, such as satellite communication systems. The method includes: a UE receiving a random access response message, the random access response message including indication information of a first compensation value, the first compensation value being used for uplink frequency offset pre-compensation and / or downlink frequency offset compensation; the first compensation value being obtained based on a timing advance and a second compensation value, both of which are obtained based on a random access preamble; and transmitting uplink information and / or receiving downlink information according to the first compensation value. Using this application, the UE does not need to possess ephemeris calculation and GNSS positioning capabilities, reducing the UE's power consumption and cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication method, apparatus and readable storage medium for non-terrestrial networks. Background Technology

[0002] Non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) can include networks that use radio frequency resources on platforms such as satellites, drones, or high-altitude communication platforms to provide communication services. Compared to terrestrial cellular networks (such as 5th-generation (5G) new radio (NR)), NTNs have advantages such as wider coverage, higher path loss, greater latency, faster speeds, and lower costs. As a supplement and extension to terrestrial networks, NTNs can achieve wide-area seamless coverage that wired telephone networks and terrestrial mobile communication networks cannot, effectively solving the problem of internet access in areas with scarce communication infrastructure. For example, by deploying a large number of satellites in low Earth orbit (LEO), seamless ground coverage can be achieved through reasonable constellation construction, and the round-trip transmission latency between LEO satellites and ground terminals can be significantly reduced to the tens of milliseconds level compared to the round-trip transmission latency between geostationary orbit (GEO) satellites and ground terminals. In addition to global coverage (such as remote areas and ocean-going vessels), NTN can also be used in emergency relief (such as disaster monitoring and emergency communications), the Internet of Things, and high-speed mobility (such as high-speed rail and airplanes).

[0003] For user equipment (UE) to communicate with the network, it first needs to search for the network serving it and then connect to it. Taking satellite communication in NTN as an example, considering the rapid movement of satellites, which results in significant time-frequency offsets, the network side, in addition to sending System Information Blocks (SIBs) 1, can also send its own ephemeris information via SIB19. Furthermore, the UE needs to have ephemeris calculation and Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) positioning capabilities. In this way, the UE can receive the ephemeris information and combine it with its own positioning information to perform time-frequency offset pre-compensation for the transmitted signal, thereby performing the subsequent uplink synchronization process and achieving access and positioning. The UE has high power consumption and high cost. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application relates to a communication method, apparatus, and readable storage medium for non-terrestrial networks, which can achieve frequency compensation during the access process and reduce the power consumption and cost of the UE.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a communication method for non-terrestrial networks. This method can be applied to a terminal device, which can be a terminal equipment, or a component in the terminal equipment (such as a module, communication module, circuit or chip responsible for communication functions (such as a modem chip, also known as a baseband chip, or a system-on-chip (SoC) chip containing a modem core or a system-in-package (SIP) chip), or a logical node, logical module, or software that can implement all or part of the functions of the communication equipment.

[0006] The method includes: a terminal device sending a random access preamble to a network device; the terminal device receiving a random access response message from the network device, the random access response message including indication information of timing advance (TA) and a first compensation value; and the terminal device sending uplink information and / or receiving downlink information according to the first compensation value. The first compensation value can be used for uplink frequency offset pre-compensation and / or downlink frequency offset compensation. In other words, the first compensation value can be used for uplink and / or downlink frequency offset correction. Alternatively, the first compensation value can be used for pre-compensating and / or compensating for signal frequency offset, such as pre-compensating for transmitted signal frequency offset and / or compensating for received signal frequency offset. Furthermore, the first compensation value can be used for pre-compensating and / or compensating for frequency offset between the network device and the terminal device. The first compensation value can be obtained based on the TA and a second compensation value, both of which are obtained based on the random access preamble. Specific details regarding the first and second compensation values ​​can be found in the description of the method embodiments below, and will not be elaborated here.

[0007] For example, the uplink information here could be message 3 (Msg3) during the random access procedure. Alternatively, the uplink information could be the physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmitted over a period of time, which carries uplink data.

[0008] For example, the downlink information here could be message 4 (Msg4) during the random access procedure. Alternatively, the downlink information could be the physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) transmitted over a period of time, which carries downlink data.

[0009] For example, the terminal device sending uplink information according to the first compensation value includes: the terminal device performing frequency offset pre-compensation on the uplink information according to the first compensation value and then sending it. The terminal device receiving downlink information according to the first compensation value includes: the terminal device performing frequency offset compensation on the downlink information received from the antenna / RF module according to the first compensation value. The specific implementation of the frequency offset pre-compensation and compensation can be found in the description of the method embodiments below, and will not be detailed here.

[0010] In existing technologies, the process of a UE accessing an NTN network includes: the satellite base station sending a synchronization signal / physical broadcast channel block (SSB), SIB1, and SIB19. SIB19 carries the satellite base station's own ephemeris information. The UE receives this ephemeris information and calculates the satellite base station's position and velocity based on it. Combining this with the UE's own GNSS positioning information, the UE calculates the frequency offset value required for pre-compensation for communication with the satellite base station. Then, the UE performs frequency offset pre-compensation on uplink information (e.g., Msg3) based on the calculated frequency offset value and transmits it.

[0011] In this application, the network device sends an indication of a first compensation value via a random access response message. After receiving the random access response message (which carries the indication of the first compensation value), the terminal device sends uplink information and / or receives downlink information based on the first compensation value. For example, it performs frequency offset pre-compensation on the uplink information based on the first compensation value and then sends it, or it performs frequency offset compensation on the downlink information received from the antenna / RF module based on the first compensation value. In this way, frequency compensation can be achieved during the access process without the terminal device needing to calculate the frequency offset between the network device and the terminal device, thereby completing the access and reducing the power consumption and cost of the terminal device. Furthermore, even if the terminal device does not have ephemeris calculation and / or GNSS positioning capabilities, or is in an unavailable scenario such as GNSS obstruction or interference, it can still access the network.

[0012] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, before the terminal device sends the random access preamble, the method further includes: the terminal device receiving SSB and system information.

[0013] For example, the system information may include one or more of the following: SIB1, SIB19, or other system information (OSI).

[0014] For example, the system information does not include ephemeris information for network devices. This reduces air interface overhead.

[0015] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the aforementioned SSB or system information may include a third compensation value. This third compensation value may be obtained based on the location and velocity information of the network device and the beam reference point position. For example, the third compensation value may be obtained based on the location and velocity information of the network device when transmitting the SSB, and the beam reference point position of the transmission beam of the SSB. Alternatively, the third compensation value may be obtained based on the location and velocity information of the network device when transmitting system information, and the beam reference point position of the transmission beam of the system information. Specific details regarding the third compensation value can be found in the method embodiments below, and will not be elaborated here.

[0016] For example, the terminal device receives a random access response message, including: the terminal device receiving the random access response message according to the aforementioned third compensation value. For instance, the terminal device performs frequency offset compensation on the random access response message received from the antenna / RF module.

[0017] This application carries a third compensation value in the SSB or system information so that after the terminal device receives the third compensation value, it can perform frequency offset compensation on the random access response message according to the third compensation value. In this way, when the network device sends the random access response message, it does not need to perform UE-level frequency offset pre-compensation, that is, it does not need to perform frequency offset pre-compensation for each UE's random access response message, thereby reducing the power consumption on the network side.

[0018] For example, the terminal device sends a random access preamble, including: the terminal device sending the random access preamble according to the aforementioned third compensation value. Correspondingly, when the network device receives the random access preamble, it no longer needs to perform frequency offset compensation on the random access preamble, thereby reducing power consumption on the network side.

[0019] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the method further includes: the terminal device not receiving ephemeris information from the network device, or not processing ephemeris information from the network device. This can reduce the power consumption of the terminal device.

[0020] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the aforementioned first compensation value is obtained based on the timing advance and the second compensation value, including: the first compensation value is obtained based on the position and speed information of the network device at the corresponding time of the uplink information's time-frequency domain resources, and the position information of the terminal device; the position information of the terminal device is obtained based on the aforementioned timing advance, the second compensation value, and the position and speed information of the network device when it receives the random access preamble. For a detailed explanation of the first compensation value, please refer to the method embodiments below, which will not be elaborated here.

[0021] This application provides a method for calculating a first compensation value. This first compensation value can be related to the position and velocity information of the network device at the corresponding time of the uplink information in the time-frequency domain, as well as the position information of the terminal device. The position information of the terminal device can be related to the TA, the second compensation value, and the position and velocity information of the network device when it receives the random access preamble. This is to support frequency compensation during the access process based on the first compensation value indicated by the network device through the random access response message when the terminal device does not have ephemeris calculation and GNSS positioning capabilities, thereby enabling network access.

[0022] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the aforementioned first compensation value is obtained based on the timing advance and the second compensation value, including: the first compensation value is obtained based on the position and velocity information of the network device at the corresponding time of the uplink information's time-frequency domain resources, the third compensation value, and the position information of the terminal device; the position information of the terminal device is obtained based on the aforementioned timing advance, the second compensation value, and the position and velocity information of the network device when it receives the random access preamble. The third compensation value is obtained based on the position and velocity information of the network device and the beam reference point position. Specific explanations of the first, second, and third compensation values ​​can be found in the method embodiments below, and will not be detailed here.

[0023] This application also provides a method for calculating a first compensation value, which can be related to the position and velocity information of the network device at the corresponding time of the uplink information in the time-frequency domain, a third compensation value, and the position information of the terminal device. The position information of the terminal device can be related to the TA, the second compensation value, and the position and velocity information of the network device when it receives the random access preamble, so as to support frequency compensation during the access process based on the first compensation value indicated by the network device through the random access response message when the terminal device does not have ephemeris calculation and GNSS positioning capabilities, thereby enabling network access.

[0024] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the location information of the terminal device is obtained based on the aforementioned TA, the second compensation value, and the location and velocity information of the network device when it receives the random access preamble, including: the location information of the terminal device is obtained based on the elevation and azimuth angles of the terminal device relative to the network device, and the location and velocity information of the network device when it receives the random access preamble; the elevation and azimuth angles of the terminal device relative to the network device are obtained based on the received beam of the random access preamble, the aforementioned TA, and the second compensation value.

[0025] This application provides a method for determining the location information of a terminal device, which can estimate the location of the terminal device to obtain a first compensation value and realize frequency compensation during the access process.

[0026] Secondly, this application provides a communication method for a non-terrestrial network. This method can be applied to a network device, which can be a network equipment, or a component in the network equipment (such as a module, communication module, circuit or chip responsible for communication functions (such as a modem chip, also known as a baseband chip, or a SoC chip or SIP chip containing a modem core), or a logical node, logical module, or software that can implement all or part of the functions of the communication equipment.

[0027] The method includes: a network device receiving a random access preamble from a terminal device; the network device sending a random access response message to the terminal device, the random access response message including indication information of a TA and a first compensation value; and the network device receiving uplink information and / or sending downlink information. The first compensation value can be used for uplink frequency offset pre-compensation and / or downlink frequency offset compensation. In other words, the first compensation value can be used for uplink and / or downlink frequency offset correction. Alternatively, the first compensation value can be used for pre-compensating and / or compensating for signal frequency offset, such as pre-compensating for transmitted signal frequency offset and / or compensating for received signal frequency offset. Furthermore, the first compensation value can be used for pre-compensating and / or compensating for frequency offset between the network device and the terminal device. The first compensation value can be obtained based on the TA and a second compensation value, both of which are obtained based on the random access preamble. In other words, after receiving the random access preamble, the network device can estimate the uplink TA and the second compensation value based on the random access preamble, and determine the first compensation value based on the estimated TA and the second compensation value. Specific details regarding the first compensation value and the second compensation value can be found in the description of the method embodiments below, and will not be elaborated here.

[0028] For example, the network device receiving the random access preamble includes: the network device can perform frequency offset compensation on the random access preamble received from the antenna / RF module according to a third compensation value.

[0029] For example, the uplink information here could be message 3 (Msg3) during the random access procedure. Alternatively, the uplink information could be a PUSCH transmitted over a period of time, which carries uplink data.

[0030] For example, the downlink information here could be message 4 (Msg4) during the random access procedure. Alternatively, the downlink information could be a PDSCH transmitted over a period of time, which carries downlink data.

[0031] In existing technologies, the process of a UE accessing an NTN network includes: the satellite base station sending SSB, SIB1, and SIB19. SIB19 carries the satellite base station's own ephemeris information. The UE receives this ephemeris information and calculates the satellite base station's position and velocity based on it. Then, combining this with the UE's own GNSS positioning information, the UE calculates the frequency offset value required for pre-compensation for communication with the satellite base station. Finally, the UE performs frequency offset pre-compensation on uplink information (e.g., Msg3) based on the calculated frequency offset value and transmits it.

[0032] In this application, the network device indicates a first compensation value through a random access response message, so that the terminal device, after obtaining the first compensation value, can send uplink information and / or receive downlink information based on the first compensation value. In this way, frequency compensation can be achieved during the access process without the terminal device needing to calculate the frequency offset between the network device and the terminal device, thereby achieving access, reducing the power consumption and cost of the terminal device, and even if the terminal device does not have ephemeris calculation and GNSS positioning capabilities, or is unavailable in scenarios such as GNSS obstruction or interference, it can still access the network.

[0033] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one possible implementation, before the network device receives the random access preamble, the method further includes: transmitting the SSB and system information according to a third compensation value. This third compensation value is obtained based on the network device's position and velocity information, and the beam reference point position. For example, the third compensation value is obtained based on the network device's position and velocity information when transmitting the SSB, and the beam reference point position of the transmission beam of the SSB. Alternatively, the third compensation value can be obtained based on the network device's position and velocity information when transmitting system information, and the beam reference point position of the transmission beam of the system information. For a detailed explanation of the third compensation value, please refer to the method embodiments below; it will not be detailed here.

[0034] For example, the network device transmits SSB and system information according to a third compensation value, including: the network device performs frequency offset pre-compensation on the SSB and system information respectively according to the third compensation value and then transmits them.

[0035] Since the SSB is used for downlink synchronization of terminal devices, the network device of this application can improve the accuracy of downlink synchronization by sending the SSB and system information according to the third compensation value.

[0036] For example, the system information may include one or more of the following: SIB1, SIB19, or OSI.

[0037] For example, the system information does not include ephemeris information for network devices. This reduces air interface overhead.

[0038] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one possible implementation, the aforementioned SSB or system information may include the aforementioned third compensation value.

[0039] This application incorporates a third compensation value into the SSB or system information, enabling the terminal device to send a random access preamble based on this third compensation value. The network device, upon receiving this random access preamble, does not need to perform frequency offset compensation, thereby reducing power consumption on the network side.

[0040] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one possible implementation, the network device receives the random access preamble, including: the network device receiving the random access preamble according to the aforementioned third compensation value. For example, in this implementation, the SSB or system information may not include the third compensation value. The network device of this application receiving the random access preamble according to the third compensation value can improve the accuracy of the first compensation value obtained based on the random access preamble, even when neither the SSB nor the system information includes the third compensation value.

[0041] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one possible implementation, the network device sends a random access response message, including: the network device sending the random access response message according to a third compensation value. It can be understood that after the network device sends the random access response message according to the third compensation value, the terminal device, when receiving the random access response message, does not need to perform frequency offset compensation on the random access response message received from the antenna / RF module, thereby reducing the power consumption of the terminal device.

[0042] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one possible implementation, the network device does not transmit its own ephemeris information. This can reduce air interface overhead.

[0043] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one possible implementation, the aforementioned first compensation value is obtained based on the timing advance and the second compensation value, including: the first compensation value is obtained based on the position and speed information of the network device at the corresponding time of the uplink information's time-frequency domain resources, and the position information of the terminal device; the position information of the terminal device is obtained based on the aforementioned timing advance, the second compensation value, and the position and speed information of the network device when it receives the random access preamble. For a detailed explanation of the first compensation value, please refer to the method embodiments below, which will not be elaborated here.

[0044] This application provides a method for calculating a first compensation value. This first compensation value can be related to the position and velocity information of the network device at the corresponding time of the uplink information in the time-frequency domain, as well as the position information of the terminal device. The position information of the terminal device can be related to the TA, the second compensation value, and the position and velocity information of the network device when it receives the random access preamble. This is to support frequency compensation during the access process based on the first compensation value indicated by the network device through the random access response message when the terminal device does not have ephemeris calculation and GNSS positioning capabilities, thereby enabling network access.

[0045] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one possible implementation, the aforementioned first compensation value is obtained based on the timing advance and the second compensation value, including: the first compensation value is obtained based on the position and velocity information of the network device at the corresponding time of the uplink information's time-frequency domain resources, the third compensation value, and the position information of the terminal device; the position information of the terminal device is obtained based on the aforementioned timing advance, the second compensation value, and the position and velocity information of the network device when it receives the random access preamble. The third compensation value is obtained based on the position and velocity information of the network device and the beam reference point position.

[0046] This application also provides a method for calculating a first compensation value, which can be related to the position and velocity information of the network device at the corresponding time of the uplink information in the time-frequency domain, a third compensation value, and the position information of the terminal device. The position information of the terminal device can be related to the TA, the second compensation value, and the position and velocity information of the network device when it receives the random access preamble, so as to support frequency compensation during the access process based on the first compensation value indicated by the network device through the random access response message when the terminal device does not have ephemeris calculation and GNSS positioning capabilities, thereby enabling network access.

[0047] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one possible implementation, the location information of the terminal device is obtained based on the aforementioned TA, the second compensation value, and the location and velocity information of the network device when it receives the random access preamble. This includes: the location information of the terminal device is obtained based on the elevation and azimuth angles of the terminal device relative to the network device, and the location and velocity information of the network device when it receives the random access preamble; the elevation and azimuth angles of the terminal device relative to the network device are obtained based on the received beam of the random access preamble, the aforementioned TA, and the second compensation value.

[0048] This application provides a method for determining the location information of a terminal device, which can estimate the location of the terminal device to obtain a first compensation value and realize frequency compensation during the access process.

[0049] Thirdly, this application provides a terminal device that can be used to execute the methods in the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof. The terminal device includes modules for executing the methods in the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof.

[0050] Fourthly, this application provides a network apparatus that can be used to perform the methods in the second aspect or any possible implementation thereof. The network apparatus includes modules having the ability to perform the methods in the second aspect or any possible implementation thereof.

[0051] In the third or fourth aspect, the aforementioned terminal device and network device may include a transceiver module and a processing module. For a detailed description of the transceiver module and processing module, please refer to the device embodiments shown below. The beneficial effects of the aforementioned third and fourth aspects can be referred to the relevant descriptions of the foregoing first and second aspects, and will not be repeated here.

[0052] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide a communication device including a processor for executing the methods described in the first aspect, the second aspect, or any of these aspects or any possible implementations. The processor executes a program stored in a memory, and when the program is executed, the methods described in the first aspect, the second aspect, or any of these aspects or any possible implementations are executed.

[0053] In conjunction with the fifth aspect, in one possible implementation, the memory is located outside the aforementioned communication device.

[0054] In conjunction with the fifth aspect, in one possible implementation, the memory is located within the aforementioned communication device.

[0055] In conjunction with the fifth aspect, in one possible implementation, the processor and memory can also be integrated into a single device; that is, the processor and memory can be integrated together. For example, the communication device can be a chip.

[0056] In conjunction with the fifth aspect, in one possible implementation, the aforementioned communication device further includes a transceiver for sending or receiving information. For example, the communication device may be a terminal device or a network device.

[0057] Sixthly, this application provides a communication device including a processor and an interface circuit coupled together. The interface circuit is used for transmitting, receiving, or inputting / outputting information or data. The processor is used to execute program instructions that cause the communication device to perform the methods described in the first aspect, the second aspect, or any possible implementation thereof. The interface circuit may be a communication interface or a transceiver. The transceiver may be a radio frequency module in the communication device, or a combination of a radio frequency module and an antenna, or an input / output interface of a chip or circuit.

[0058] In a seventh aspect, this application provides a readable storage medium storing a computer program or instructions that, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method described in the first aspect, or the second aspect, or any possible implementation thereof.

[0059] Eighthly, this application provides a computer program product containing program instructions that, when run, causes the method described in any possible implementation of the first aspect, the second aspect, or any of the aspects to be executed.

[0060] Ninthly, this application provides a communication system including a terminal device and a network device. The terminal device is used to perform the method described in the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof; the network device is used to perform the method described in the second aspect or any possible implementation thereof.

[0061] The technical effects achieved in the above aspects can be referred to each other or to the beneficial effects in the method embodiments shown below, which will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0062] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a satellite communication system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0063] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of another satellite communication system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0064] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of another satellite communication system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0065] Figure 4 This application is a flowchart illustrating a UE network access method provided in an embodiment.

[0066] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of an NTN access mechanism provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0067] Figure 6This is a schematic flowchart of a non-terrestrial network communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0068] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the common frequency offset provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0069] Figure 8 This is a flowchart illustrating the implementation of the least squares solver provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0070] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the mapping relationship between {receiving beam, TA, frequency offset} and {elevation angle, azimuth angle} provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0071] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a possible device provided by an embodiment of this application;

[0072] Figure 11 This is another schematic diagram of a possible device provided by an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0073] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The specific operation methods and functional descriptions in the method embodiments can also be applied to the device embodiments or system embodiments.

[0074] In the various embodiments of this application, unless otherwise specified or in case of logical conflict, the terminology and / or descriptions of different embodiments are consistent and can be referenced by each other. The technical features of different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments according to their inherent logical relationship.

[0075] In the description of this application, terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order. Furthermore, unless otherwise stated, " / " means "or," for example, A / B can mean A or B. "And / or" in this document is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, and B alone. Additionally, "at least one" refers to one or more, and "multiple" refers to two or more. "One or more of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or multiple items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c; a and b; a and c; b and c; or a and b and c. Where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0076] The terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the steps or units listed, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to such process, method, product, or apparatus.

[0077] In this application, the words "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate that something is an example, illustration, or illustration. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary," "for example," or "for example" in this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Rather, the use of the words "exemplary," "for example," or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner.

[0078] In this application, the use of singular designations for elements is intended to represent "one or more" rather than "one and only one," unless otherwise specified.

[0079] In this application, "instruction" can include direct instruction, indirect instruction, explicit instruction, and implicit instruction. When describing certain instruction information to indicate A, it can be understood that the information carries A, directly indicates A, or indirectly indicates A. Direct instruction A can be understood as including the information A; implicit instruction A can be understood as indicating A through the correspondence between A and B and the direct instruction B. The correspondence between A and B can be predefined, pre-stored, pre-burned, or pre-configured.

[0080] In this application, "determining / obtaining D based on C" includes both determining / obtaining D based solely on C and determining / obtaining D based on C and other information. Furthermore, determining / obtaining D based on C may also include indirect determinations, such as determining E based on C, and then determining D based on E.

[0081] In this application, "send" and "receive" indicate the direction of signal transmission. For example, "send information to XX" can be understood as the destination of the information being XX, which can include direct transmission via the air interface or indirect transmission by other units or modules via the air interface. "Receive information from YY" can be understood as the source of the information being YY, which can include direct reception from YY via the air interface or indirect reception from YY by other units or modules via the air interface. "Send" can also be understood as the "output" of a chip interface, and "receive" can also be understood as the "input" of a chip interface. In other words, sending and receiving can occur between devices, for example, through buses, traces, or interfaces between components, modules, chips, software modules, or hardware modules within a device.

[0082] In one possible implementation, the communication system includes communication devices that can communicate wirelessly using air interface resources. These communication devices may include network devices and terminal devices; the network devices may also be referred to as base station devices. Air interface resources may include at least one of time-domain resources, frequency-domain resources, code resources, and spatial resources.

[0083] Terminal equipment, also known as user equipment (UE), mobile station (MS), or mobile terminal (MT), refers to devices that provide voice and / or data connectivity to users. Examples include handheld devices and in-vehicle devices with wireless connectivity. Currently, some examples of terminal equipment include: mobile phones, tablets, laptops, PDAs, mobile internet devices (MIDs), wearable devices, virtual reality (VR) devices, augmented reality (AR) devices, wireless terminals in industrial control, self-driving, remote medical surgery, smart grids, transportation safety, smart cities, and smart homes. Terminal equipment can also be a communication module, satellite phone, or its components with satellite communication capabilities, or a satellite communication terminal, such as a very small aperture terminal (VSAT) (commonly referred to as a VSAT terminal), portable station, fixed station, vehicle-mounted or airborne satellite communication terminal, etc. It should be understood that a satellite communication terminal can serve as a micro base station to further provide data interfaces to accessed user equipment.

[0084] Network equipment can refer to radio access network (RAN) nodes (or devices) that connect terminal devices to a wireless network, and can also be called base stations. Currently, some examples of RAN nodes include: evolved Node B (eNB), next-generation Node B (gNB), transmission reception point (TRP), radio network controller (RNC), Node B (NB), base station controller (BSC), base transceiver station (BTS), home base station (e.g., home evolved Node B, or home Node B (HNB), base band unit (BBU), or wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) access point (AP), etc. Network equipment can also be satellites (or satellite base stations) or high altitude platform stations (HAPS), or base station equipment mounted on satellites / HAPS. The satellite may include at least one of the following: a geostationary earth orbit (GEO) satellite (or geosynchronous orbit satellite) or a non-geostationary earth orbit (NGEO) satellite. A non-geostationary earth orbit satellite may include at least one of the following: a medium earth orbit (MEO) satellite or a low earth orbit (LEO) satellite. There are no restrictions here. Network equipment may also be a gateway station (or ground station, earth station, signaling station, gateway, or gateway station), etc.

[0085] In another network architecture, network equipment may include centralized unit (CU) nodes, distributed unit (DU) nodes, or RAN equipment comprising both CU and DU nodes. This RAN equipment, including CU and DU nodes, separates the protocol layer of the gNB in ​​the new radio (NR) system. Some protocol layer functions are centrally controlled by the CU, while the remaining partial or complete protocol layer functions are distributed across the DUs, which are then centrally controlled by the CU. Furthermore, the centralized unit (CU) can be further divided into a control plane (CU-CP) and a user plane (CU-UP). The CU-CP handles control plane functions, primarily including the RRC and the corresponding packet data convergence protocol (PDCP), i.e., PDCP-C. PDCP-C is mainly responsible for encryption and decryption of control plane data, integrity protection, and data transmission. The CU-UP handles user plane functions, primarily including the service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) and the corresponding PDCP, i.e., PDCP-U. SDAP is primarily responsible for processing core network data and mapping flows to bearers. PDCP-U is mainly responsible for data plane encryption and decryption, integrity protection, header compression, sequence number maintenance, and data transmission. CU-CP and CU-UP are connected via the E1 interface. CU-CP represents the gNB connected to the core network via the NG interface. It connects to the DU via the F1 interface control plane (F1-C). CU-UP connects to the DU via the F1 interface user plane (F1-U). Alternatively, PDCP-C may also be located within CU-UP.

[0086] The technical solutions provided in this application can be applied to non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication systems or scenarios where NTN and terrestrial networks (TN) are integrated. The NTN communication system can be an NTN system integrated with 4G, 5G, and any future generation of communication systems, such as NR NTN, Internet of Things (IoT) non-terrestrial networks (IoT NTN), etc. The NTN communication system can be, for example, a satellite communication system, and can also include drones, high altitude platform stations (HAPS), and other aerial access network equipment; this application does not limit this. This document uses a satellite communication system as an example.

[0087] For example, see Figure 1 , Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a satellite communication system provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 The architecture of a satellite communication system in a transparent relay scenario is illustrated. In this scenario, the satellite's role includes radio frequency filtering, frequency conversion, and amplification. For example, the satellite's primary function is as a Layer 1 relay, regenerating physical layer signals, and it does not possess other higher protocol layer functions. Figure 1 As shown, the satellite communicates with the ground-based NTN gateway via wireless signals, and the NTN gateway is connected to the gNB via a wired connection. In this architecture, the satellite can be understood as a remote radio unit of the ground-based gNB. The satellite only provides physical signal coverage, and this radio remote function can only reach the satellite through the NTN gateway and the microwave link between the satellite and the NTN gateway. In this process, no protocol layer processing or logical interface is established.

[0088] For another example, see Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of another satellite communication system provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 The architecture of a satellite communication system in a regenerating satellite scenario is illustrated. In this scenario, the satellite acts as a base station, such as a gNB, possessing all the protocol layer processing functions of a base station. Figure 2 As shown, the satellite gNB can transmit data / signaling back to the ground NTN gateway station via microwave. The NTN gateway station is connected to the 5G core network via wired connection. In the regenerating satellite scenario, the link between the gNB and the NTN gateway station is usually referred to as the satellite radio interface (SRI).

[0089] For another example, see Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of another satellite communication system provided in this application embodiment. Wherein, Figure 3 This illustrates an alternative architecture for satellite communication systems in a regenerating satellite scenario. For example... Figure 3 As shown, in this architecture, the satellite, as a base station with DU processing capabilities, such as gNB-DU, can connect to a ground base station with CU processing capabilities, such as gNB-CU, through a ground NTN gateway station.

[0090] Currently, for a UE to communicate with a network, it first needs to search for the network serving it and then access the network. This involves the cell search and selection process and the random access process. These two processes are the basis for the interaction between the UE and network devices (such as base stations).

[0091] See Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating a UE network access process provided in this application's embodiments. Figure 4 As shown, during the cell search and selection process, the base station (such as a gNB) sends a primary synchronization signal (PSS), a secondary synchronization signal (SSS), a master information block (MIB), and remaining minimum system information (RMSI). The UE and the cell achieve downlink synchronization (including time and frequency synchronization) and decode the necessary system messages for that cell. Then, the UE selects the cell with the best signal to camp on. Finally, the UE initiates a random access procedure in the optimal cell. The random access process includes, but is not limited to: the UE sending a random access (RA) preamble, the base station (such as gNB) replying with a random access response (RAR) message, i.e., Msg2 (message 2); the UE then sending Msg3 (message 3), which can be used to establish a radio resource control (RRC) connection, restore an RRC connection, or rebuild an RCC connection, etc., and the base station replying with Msg4 (message 4), i.e., an RRC setup message, which may include a contention resolution flag and air interface parameter configurations for the UE, etc.

[0092] The main purpose of the random access procedure is to enable the UE to obtain uplink transmission time advance (TA) and achieve uplink synchronization with the cell, thereby initiating uplink transmission. The TA is calculated by the base station (such as gNB) based on the RA Preamble sent by the UE, and the TA can be sent to the UE through RAR.

[0093] It's understandable that, compared to terrestrial networks (TN), NTNs offer wider coverage and longer transmission distances, providing services to UEs through this broader coverage. Taking satellite communication within NTNs as an example, satellite communication is characterized by high latency and significant frequency offset (or frequency shift). For instance, with a satellite at an orbital altitude of 600 kilometers, in the 2GHz band, when the UE is at the ground point, the frequency offset caused by the relative motion between the satellite and the ground is 0; however, when the UE is at the edge point, the frequency offset caused by the relative motion between the satellite and the ground can reach as high as 40kHz (kilohertz). Therefore, the communication mechanisms currently designed for terminal devices and terrestrial base stations in mobile communication systems cannot be directly applied to communication between terminal devices and satellite base stations. It is necessary to design access mechanisms specifically for NTNs to improve UE access and communication efficiency.

[0094] The existing NR NTN protocol, considering the rapid movement of satellites, results in a large time-frequency offset. Therefore, an NTN access mechanism is proposed. (See [link to NTN protocol]). Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a flowchart of an NTN access mechanism provided in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 5 As shown, in addition to transmitting the synchronization signal / physical broadcast channel block (SSB) and SIB1, the base station (such as gNB) also transmits its own ephemeris information via SIB19. Furthermore, the UE needs to have ephemeris calculation and GNSS positioning capabilities. This allows the UE to receive the ephemeris information and, combined with its own positioning information, pre-compensate for the time-frequency offset of the transmitted signal. Then, the UE can perform the subsequent uplink synchronization process (i.e., random access procedure) to achieve access and positioning. The uplink synchronization process (i.e., random access procedure) may include, but is not limited to: the UE sending a RA Preamble, the base station (such as gNB) replying with a RAR message (carrying a TA), i.e., Msg2; the UE then sending Msg3, and the base station (such as gNB) replying with Msg4.

[0095] Ephemeris information can be used to calculate the satellite's position and velocity. There are two formats for ephemeris information: one is the satellite's state vector, which contains six parameters, including the satellite's current position and velocity coordinates; the other is the satellite's orbital parameters, which contain six parameters, including the orbital semi-major axis, eccentricity, perihelion, longitude, orbital inclination, and mean perihelion angle.

[0096] Understandably, the existing NTN access mechanism requires the UE to possess ephemeris calculation and GNSS positioning capabilities, which imposes high constraints on the UE. These constraints are mainly reflected in two aspects: First, the UE needs to be equipped with a GNSS antenna, processing module, and satellite ephemeris calculation function. It then calculates the satellite's position and velocity based on the ephemeris, and combines this with its own GNSS positioning information to calculate the time-frequency offset that needs pre-compensation. This results in high UE power consumption and cost. Second, the UE's positioning accuracy needs to be less than or equal to 50 meters. Access may not be possible in scenarios where GNSS obstruction or interference is unavailable, thus limiting access scenarios.

[0097] Based on this, embodiments of this application provide a communication method, apparatus, and readable storage medium for non-terrestrial networks, which can realize frequency compensation during the access process and reduce the power consumption and cost of the UE.

[0098] In this application, unless otherwise specified, the same or similar parts between various embodiments or implementations can be referred to each other. In the various embodiments of this application, and in the various implementation methods / methods / implementations within each embodiment, unless otherwise specified or logically conflicting, the terminology and / or descriptions between different embodiments and between the various implementation methods / methods / implementations within each embodiment are consistent and can be mutually referenced. The technical features in different embodiments and the various implementation methods / methods / implementations within each embodiment can be combined according to their inherent logical relationships to form new embodiments, implementation methods, methods, or implementation approaches. The embodiments described below do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this application.

[0099] In one possible implementation, the network device in this application embodiment can be a network device or a chip / circuit within a network device, and the terminal device can be a terminal device or a chip / circuit within a terminal device. For example, the network device can be the aforementioned... Figure 1 or Figure 2 or Figure 3 In the gNB, the terminal device can be the aforementioned Figure 1 or Figure 2 or Figure 3 Terminal devices (such as UEs) in the system.

[0100] See Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a schematic flowchart of a non-terrestrial network communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 6 As shown, the communication method of this non-terrestrial network includes, but is not limited to, the following steps:

[0101] S101, the network device sends a random access response message to the terminal device. This message includes an indication of a first compensation value, which is used for frequency offset pre-compensation in uplink communication and / or frequency offset compensation in downlink communication. The first compensation value is obtained based on a timing advance and a second compensation value. Both the timing advance and the second compensation value are obtained based on a random access preamble.

[0102] Accordingly, the terminal device receives the random access response message.

[0103] In one possible implementation, the network device can broadcast the SSB and system information. For example, the network device performs frequency offset pre-compensation on the SSB and system information respectively based on a third compensation value and transmits them separately (e.g., broadcast). For instance, assuming the SSB transmission sequence is x[n], the frequency offset pre-compensation on the SSB could be x[n]e j2πfn Where f represents the compensation value. After receiving the SSB and system information, the terminal device can perform downlink synchronization (including time synchronization and frequency synchronization). For example, the system information may include one or more of the following: SIB1, SIB19, or other system information (OSI). The terminal device can then send a random access preamble (RA Preamble) to the network device. The network device can receive the RA Preamble according to the third compensation value. For example, the network device performs frequency offset compensation on the RA Preamble received from the antenna / RF module according to the third compensation value. For example, assuming the RA Preamble received from the antenna / RF module is y[n], the frequency offset compensation on the RA Preamble can be y[n]e j2πfn Where f represents the compensation value. The network device can then estimate the uplink timing advance (TA) and the second compensation value based on the frequency offset compensated random access preamble, and determine the first compensation value based on the estimated TA and the second compensation value. The network device can then send a random access response message based on the third compensation value, which may include indication information of the first compensation value. For example, the random access response message may also include the timing advance. For a detailed explanation of the first compensation value, the second compensation value, the third compensation value, and the timing advance, please refer to the description below.

[0104] The aforementioned first compensation value can be used (by the terminal device) for frequency offset pre-compensation in uplink communication and / or frequency offset compensation in downlink communication. In other words, the first compensation value can be used for frequency offset correction in uplink and / or downlink communication. Alternatively, the first compensation value can be used for pre-compensation and / or compensation of signal frequency offset, such as pre-compensation of frequency offset in transmitted signals and / or compensation of frequency offset in received signals. Furthermore, the first compensation value can be used for pre-compensation and / or compensation of frequency offset between the network device and the terminal device. As an example, the use of the first compensation value can also be referred to the description of step S102 below, which will not be detailed here.

[0105] In one possible implementation, the aforementioned system information (e.g., SIB19) may not include the network device's ephemeris information; in other words, the network device may not send its own ephemeris information during the access process. Of course, the network device may also send its own ephemeris information during the access process. It is understood that if the network device sends its own ephemeris information, the terminal device may choose not to receive or process that ephemeris information, for example, by not decoding the ephemeris information or calculating the frequency offset compensation value. It is understood that by not sending ephemeris information, the network device in this embodiment can reduce air interface overhead; and by not processing ephemeris information, the terminal device can reduce power consumption.

[0106] In one possible implementation, the aforementioned system information or SSB may include a third compensation value. The terminal device sending the selected random access preamble to the network device may include: performing frequency offset pre-compensation on the selected random access preamble based on the third compensation value before sending it to the network device. Correspondingly, the network device, upon receiving the random access preamble, does not need to perform frequency offset compensation on it again. At this time, the network device estimates the uplink TA and the second compensation value based on the received random access preamble. In other words, after the network device sends the third compensation value to the terminal device via SSB or system information, the terminal device can use the third compensation value to perform frequency offset pre-compensation on subsequently transmitted information, such as performing frequency offset pre-compensation on the random access preamble, before sending; the network device, upon receiving the random access preamble, does not need to perform frequency offset compensation. This way, the satellite side can avoid performing frequency offset compensation on the received information during the UE's random access process, thereby reducing satellite-side power consumption.

[0107] In one possible implementation, the aforementioned third compensation value can be understood as a compensation value for the common frequency offset. The common frequency offset can be understood as the frequency offset between the terminal device and the network device (such as a satellite) when the terminal device is located at the beam reference point. See also... Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the common frequency offset provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 7This shows the frequency offset between the UE and the satellite at a certain moment when the UE is at the beam reference point position. Figure 7 In this context, the beam reference point is the center point of the beam. Of course, in practical applications, the beam reference point can also be at other locations, and this application does not impose any restrictions.

[0108] In one possible implementation, the aforementioned third compensation value can be obtained based on the location and velocity information of the network device, and the position of the beam reference point. For example, the third compensation value can be obtained based on the location and velocity information of the network device when transmitting the SSB, and the position of the beam reference point of the SSB's transmission beam. Alternatively, the third compensation value can be obtained based on the location and velocity information of the network device when transmitting system information, and the position of the beam reference point of the system information's transmission beam. For example, the third compensation value f... common It can satisfy the following formula (1-1).

[0109]

[0110] Among them, f c The carrier center frequency represents the random access preamble, and c represents the speed of light. The position of the beam reference point is... The location and velocity information of the network device at the corresponding time in the time-frequency domain resources of the SSB or system information are respectively and

[0111] In one possible implementation, both the aforementioned TA and the aforementioned second compensation value are obtained based on the random access preamble. The TA estimation method can refer to existing technologies, such as detecting the preamble sequence and estimating the TA by finding the peak value of the power delay profile in the time domain; this is not detailed in the embodiments of this application. The embodiments of this application mainly focus on the estimation method of the second compensation value. For example, the second compensation value can be obtained based on the random access preamble and TA estimation. For instance, suppose the received sampled sequence (i.e., the sequence obtained by sampling the random access preamble) is y[n], and this sampled sequence contains time offset (i.e., time deviation), frequency offset (i.e., frequency deviation), and noise, etc. The ideal sequence of the transmitting end (i.e., the preamble sequence) pre-stored locally at the receiving end (i.e., the network device) is s[n], and the estimated TA is sampled to obtain... Second compensation value The following formula (1-2) can be satisfied.

[0112]

[0113] Where N is the number of sampling points. argmax(f(x)) represents the variable point x (or the set of x) that maximizes the function f(x). || represents the 2-norm operation; unless otherwise specified, the same symbols in the following text have the same meaning and will not be repeated. s * [n] represents taking the conjugate of s[n]. It is understood that the method for estimating this second compensation value is merely an example and does not limit the embodiments of this application.

[0114] In one possible implementation, the first compensation value can be obtained based on the location and velocity information of the network device at the time corresponding to the time-frequency domain resources when receiving uplink information, the third compensation value, and the location information of the terminal device. Here, the uplink information can be Msg3 during the random access process.

[0115] For example, suppose the location of the terminal device is... The location and velocity information of the network device at the corresponding time in the time-frequency domain resources of Msg3 are as follows: and The first compensation value can satisfy the following formula (1-3).

[0116]

[0117] Among them, f common The above (1-1) can be satisfied. The above formula (1-2) is satisfied. It is understood that the method for estimating the first compensation value is merely an example and does not limit the embodiments of this application.

[0118] In another possible implementation, the aforementioned first compensation value can be obtained based on the location and velocity information of the network device at the time corresponding to the time-frequency domain resources when receiving uplink information, and the location information of the terminal device. Here, the uplink information can be Msg3 during the random access process.

[0119] For example, suppose the location of the terminal device is... The location and velocity information of the network device at the corresponding time in the time-frequency domain resources of Msg3 are as follows: and The first compensation value can satisfy the following formula (1-4).

[0120]

[0121] It is understood that the method for estimating the first compensation value is merely an example and does not limit the embodiments of this application. It is also understood that...

[0122] As an example, when the first compensation value equals In the case of a network device sending a random access response message, it can either pre-compensate for the frequency offset of the random access response message based on the third compensation value mentioned above and send it, or it can pre-compensate for the frequency offset of the random access response message based on the first compensation value and send it. This application embodiment does not limit the choice.

[0123] For example, the location information of the aforementioned terminal device It can be obtained based on the TA (Target Acquisition), the second compensation value, and the position and velocity information of the network device when it receives the random access preamble. For example, assuming the terminal device is on the Earth's surface, the network device can obtain the following observation equation based on the random access preamble:

[0124]

[0125] Among them, f d It satisfies the following formula (1-8).

[0126]

[0127] R e This represents the Earth's radius. Indicates the location of the terminal device to be determined. [x s ,y s ,z s ] T and [v sx ,v sy ,v sz ] T These represent the position and velocity at which the network device receives the random access preamble, respectively. TA is the time advance.

[0128] The above observation equations can be transformed into a nonlinear least squares problem and solved iteratively using the Gauss-Newton method:

[0129]

[0130] Among them, the initial position of the terminal device [x] u,0 ,y u,0 ,z u,0 ] T It can be given according to the beam center when the network device receives the random access channel (RACH) signal, and

[0131]

[0132] g i =(x u,i -x s )·v sx +(y u,i -ys )·v sy +(z u,i -z s )·v sz …………………………(1-12)

[0133]

[0134] make One implementation process is as follows: Figure 8 As shown, if after the i-th iteration, |Δ| < γ, where γ is a given threshold, then the iteration stops, and the approximate position X of the UE is output. i , that is

[0135] Alternatively, for example, the location information of the aforementioned terminal device. This can be obtained based on the elevation and azimuth angles of the terminal device relative to the network device, and the position and velocity information of the network device when it receives the random access preamble. The elevation and azimuth angles of the terminal device relative to the network device are obtained based on the received beam, TA, and second compensation value of the random access preamble. For example, the beam coverage area of ​​the network device is divided according to a certain granularity (e.g., equal TA and equal frequency shift) based on the TA and frequency offset, and the estimated TA and second compensation value of the network device are searched. The closest intersection point represents the estimated elevation and azimuth angles of the terminal device relative to the network device. Based on these elevation and azimuth angles, and the position and velocity of the network device when it receives the random access preamble, the position of the terminal device can be estimated. See also Figure 9 , Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the mapping relationship between {receiving beam, TA, frequency offset} and {elevation angle, azimuth angle} provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 9 In the middle, TA m f represents the m-th TA value, where m = 1, 2, 3, ..., M. n This represents the nth frequency offset value, where n = 1, 2, 3, ..., N; E k This represents the k-th elevation angle value, where k = 1, 2, ..., K, and the azimuth angle ranges from 0 to 360 degrees.

[0136] In some scenarios, network devices can pre-store the mapping relationship between {received beam, TA, frequency offset} and {elevation angle, azimuth angle}. During random access, the network device can look up the corresponding {elevation angle, azimuth angle} in this mapping relationship based on the received beam of the random access preamble, the estimated TA, and the second compensation value. Then, based on the elevation angle, azimuth angle, and the position and velocity information of the network device when it receives the random access preamble, it can estimate the approximate position of the terminal device, i.e. This reduces implementation complexity and computational overhead.

[0137] It is understood that the above-described method for determining the location information of the terminal device is merely an example and does not limit the embodiments of this application.

[0138] In another possible implementation, the first compensation value can be the same as the third compensation value. For example, the first compensation value is equal to f. common In other words, the aforementioned random access response message includes an indication of a third compensation value.

[0139] In one possible implementation, the random access response message includes indication information for a first compensation value. For example, the indication information for the first compensation value can be the first compensation value itself, or the index corresponding to the first compensation value, or the value after rounding and quantization of the first compensation value, or the index corresponding to the value after rounding and quantization of the first compensation value, or parameters for determining the first compensation value, etc., which are not limited in this application embodiment. As an example, assuming the first compensation value is -12354Hz, and the value after rounding and quantization to the nearest integer (125Hz) is round(-12354 / 125) = -99, then the indication information for the first compensation value can be (-99), or the index corresponding to the value (-99).

[0140] As another example, when the first compensation value equals At that time, the indication information of the first compensation value can be Or the indication information of the first compensation value includes and f common ,in about and f common The explanation is as described above and will not be repeated here. Of course, the indication information for the first compensation value can also be the index corresponding to these values ​​(one or more), or the value after rounding and quantization, or the index corresponding to the value after rounding and quantization, etc.

[0141] S102, the terminal device sends uplink information and / or receives downlink information according to the aforementioned first compensation value.

[0142] Accordingly, the network device receives the uplink information and / or sends downlink information.

[0143] In one possible implementation, after receiving the aforementioned random access response message, the terminal device can send uplink information based on the first compensation value. For example, the uplink information could be Msg3 during the random access process. Alternatively, the uplink information could be a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmitted over a period of time, where the PUSCH carries uplink data. The start time of this period could be the reception or transmission time of the random access preamble, and the duration of this period could be a preset duration.

[0144] In one possible implementation, after receiving the aforementioned random access response message, the terminal device can receive downlink information based on the first compensation value. For example, the downlink information may be Msg4 during the random access process. Alternatively, the downlink information may be a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) transmitted over a period of time, carrying downlink data. The start time of this period may be the reception or transmission time of the random access preamble, and the duration of this period may be a preset duration.

[0145] As an example, in the above first compensation value equals In the following scenario, after receiving the aforementioned random access response message, the terminal device can perform frequency offset pre-compensation on Msg3 based on the first compensation value and then transmit it. Correspondingly, the network device performs frequency offset compensation on Msg3 received from the antenna / RF module based on the aforementioned third compensation value. Then, the network device can perform frequency offset pre-compensation on Msg4 based on the third compensation value and then transmit it. Correspondingly, the terminal device can perform frequency offset compensation on Msg4 received from the antenna / RF module based on the first compensation value. Alternatively, the network device can perform frequency offset pre-compensation on Msg4 based on both the third and first compensation values ​​and then transmit it; in this case, the terminal device does not need to perform frequency offset compensation when receiving Msg4.

[0146] The network device in this embodiment performs pre-compensation based on the common frequency offset when sending SSB and system information, and also performs compensation based on the common frequency offset when receiving the random access preamble. Furthermore, the network device carries a first compensation value in the random access response message. The terminal device sends uplink information and / or receives downlink information based on the first compensation value. The network side does not need to send satellite ephemeris information, significantly reducing air interface overhead; the UE side also does not need to receive or calculate the ephemeris information, nor does it need to calculate the pre-compensation frequency offset value in combination with positioning information (that is, the UE may not have the ability to calculate ephemeris and GNSS positioning), reducing the UE's power consumption and cost, and the UE can still access the network in unavailable scenarios such as GNSS obstruction and interference.

[0147] As another example, when the first compensation value mentioned above equals In the case where the terminal device receives the aforementioned random access response message, it can perform frequency offset pre-compensation on Msg3 according to the first compensation value and then send it. Correspondingly, the network device receives Msg3 (without performing frequency offset compensation). Then, the network device can send Msg4 (without performing frequency offset pre-compensation). Correspondingly, the terminal device can perform frequency offset compensation on Msg4 received from the antenna / RF module according to the first compensation value. Alternatively, the network device performs frequency offset pre-compensation on Msg4 according to the first compensation value and then sends it. Correspondingly, the terminal device receives Msg4 (without performing frequency offset compensation). Alternatively, if the random access response message includes... and f common The network device can adjust the compensation value f according to the third compensation value f. common The frequency offset pre-compensation for Msg4 is performed and then transmitted. Correspondingly, the terminal device can then... Frequency offset compensation is performed on Msg4 received from the antenna / RF module.

[0148] The network device in this embodiment performs pre-compensation based on the common frequency offset when sending SSB and system information, and also performs compensation based on the common frequency offset when receiving the random access preamble. Furthermore, the network device carries a first compensation value in the random access response message. The terminal device sends uplink information and / or receives downlink information based on the first compensation value. The network side does not need to send satellite ephemeris information, significantly reducing air interface overhead; the UE side also does not need to receive or calculate the ephemeris information, nor does it need to calculate the pre-compensated frequency offset value in conjunction with positioning information (i.e., the UE may not have ephemeris calculation and GNSS positioning capabilities), reducing UE power consumption and cost. Furthermore, the UE can still access the network even in unavailable scenarios such as GNSS obstruction or interference. In addition, when receiving uplink information (such as Msg3) and / or sending downlink information (such as Msg4), the network side does not need to perform frequency offset correction (i.e., compensation or pre-compensation), thereby reducing network-side processing power consumption.

[0149] As yet another example, when the first compensation value mentioned above equals If the aforementioned system information or the aforementioned SSB includes a third compensation value, after receiving the aforementioned random access response message, the terminal device can perform frequency offset pre-compensation on Msg3 based on the first compensation value and then transmit it. Correspondingly, the network device performs frequency offset compensation on Msg3 received from the antenna / RF module based on the aforementioned third compensation value. Alternatively, the terminal device performs frequency offset pre-compensation on Msg3 based on both the first and third compensation values ​​and then transmits it. Correspondingly, the network device receives Msg3 (without performing frequency offset compensation).

[0150] Then, the network device can perform frequency offset pre-compensation on Msg4 based on the third compensation value and transmit it. Correspondingly, the terminal device can perform frequency offset compensation on Msg4 received from the antenna / RF module based on the first compensation value. Alternatively, the network device can perform frequency offset pre-compensation on Msg4 based on both the third and first compensation values ​​and transmit it. Correspondingly, the terminal device receives Msg4 (without performing frequency offset compensation).

[0151] In this embodiment of the application, the network device performs pre-compensation based on the common frequency offset when sending SSB and system information, and sends the compensation value of the common frequency offset (i.e., the third compensation value) to the terminal device via SSB or system information; the terminal device performs pre-compensation based on the third compensation value when sending the random access preamble, and the network device then carries the first compensation value via the random access response message. The terminal device sends uplink information and / or receives downlink information based on the first compensation value and / or the third compensation value. The network side does not need to send satellite ephemeris information, significantly reducing air interface overhead; the UE side also does not need to receive or decode the ephemeris information, nor does it need to calculate the pre-compensated frequency offset value in conjunction with positioning information (i.e., the UE may not have ephemeris decoding and GNSS positioning capabilities), reducing UE power consumption and cost. Furthermore, the UE can still access the network even in unavailable scenarios such as GNSS obstruction or interference. In addition, the network side does not need to perform common frequency offset compensation on the received random access preamble, reducing network-side processing power consumption.

[0152] It is understood that the NTN communication method provided in this application embodiment can be applied to terminal devices that do not have ephemeris calculation and GNSS positioning capabilities, and of course, it can also be applied to terminal devices that have ephemeris calculation and GNSS positioning capabilities.

[0153] It is understood that, in order to achieve the functions in the above embodiments, the network device and terminal device include hardware structures and / or software modules corresponding to perform each function. Those skilled in the art should readily recognize that, based on the units and method steps described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed in this application, this application can be implemented in hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is executed in hardware or by computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application scenario and design constraints of the technical solution.

[0154] Figure 10 and Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the possible apparatus provided in the embodiments of this application. These apparatuses can be used to implement the functions of the network apparatus or terminal apparatus in the above method embodiments, and therefore can also achieve the beneficial effects of the above method embodiments. In the embodiments of this application, Figure 10 and Figure 11 The device shown can be a network device, a terminal device, or a module (such as a chip) applied to a network device or a terminal device.

[0155] like Figure 10 As shown, the device 1000 includes a processing module 1010 and a transceiver module 1020. The device 1000 is used to implement the above-described... Figure 6 The methods illustrated describe the functions of the network device or terminal device.

[0156] When device 1000 is used to achieve Figure 6 In the method embodiment shown, the terminal device functions as follows: the transceiver module 1020 is used to receive a random access response message, which includes an indication of a first compensation value. The first compensation value is used for frequency offset pre-compensation for uplink communication and / or frequency offset compensation for downlink communication. The first compensation value is obtained based on a timing advance and a second compensation value, both of which are obtained based on a random access preamble. The processing module 1010 is used to control the transceiver module 1020 to send uplink information and / or receive downlink information according to the first compensation value.

[0157] For example, the random access response message mentioned above also includes a time lead time.

[0158] For example, the first compensation value is obtained based on the time advance and the second compensation value, including: the first compensation value is obtained based on the position and speed information of the network device at the time corresponding to the time-frequency domain resource of the uplink information, and the position information of the terminal device; the position information of the terminal device is obtained based on the time advance, the second compensation value, and the position and speed information of the network device when it receives the random access preamble.

[0159] For example, the first compensation value is obtained based on the timing advance and the second compensation value, including: the first compensation value is obtained based on the position and velocity information of the network device at the corresponding time of the uplink information's time-frequency domain resources, the third compensation value, and the position information of the terminal device; the position information of the terminal device is obtained based on the timing advance, the second compensation value, and the position and velocity information of the network device when it receives the random access preamble. The third compensation value is obtained based on the position and velocity information of the network device and the position of the beam reference point.

[0160] For example, the location information of the terminal device is obtained based on the timing advance, the second compensation value, and the location and velocity information of the network device when it receives the random access preamble. This includes: the location information of the terminal device is obtained based on the elevation and azimuth angles of the terminal device relative to the network device, and the location and velocity information of the network device when it receives the random access preamble. The elevation and azimuth angles of the terminal device relative to the network device are obtained based on the received beam of the random access preamble, the timing advance, and the second compensation value.

[0161] For example, the transceiver module 1020 is also used to receive SSB and system information.

[0162] For example, the aforementioned SSB or system information includes a third compensation value, which is obtained based on the location and velocity information of the network device and the location of the beam reference point.

[0163] For example, the processing module 1010 is further configured to control the transceiver module 1020 to receive random access response messages based on the third compensation value.

[0164] For example, the processing module 1010 is also configured to control the transceiver module 1020 to send a random access preamble based on the third compensation value.

[0165] For example, the transceiver module 1020 is also used to send a random access preamble.

[0166] For example, the transceiver module 1020 does not receive ephemeris information from the network device, or the processing module 1010 does not process ephemeris information from the network device.

[0167] When device 1000 is used to achieve Figure 6In the method embodiment shown, the network device functions as follows: Processing module 1010 is used to acquire a random access response message, which includes indication information of a first compensation value. This first compensation value is used for frequency offset pre-compensation for uplink communication and / or frequency offset compensation for downlink communication. The first compensation value is obtained based on a timing advance and a second compensation value, both of which are obtained based on a received random access preamble. Transceiver module 1020 is used to send the random access response message. Transceiver module 1020 is also used to receive uplink information and / or send downlink information.

[0168] For example, the random access response message mentioned above also includes a time lead time.

[0169] For example, the first compensation value is obtained based on the time advance and the second compensation value, including: the first compensation value is obtained based on the position and speed information of the network device at the time corresponding to the time-frequency domain resource of the uplink information, and the position information of the terminal device; the position information of the terminal device is obtained based on the time advance, the second compensation value, and the position and speed information of the network device when it receives the random access preamble.

[0170] For example, the processing module 1010 is further configured to control the transceiver module 1020 to send a random access response message based on the first compensation value.

[0171] For example, the first compensation value is obtained based on the timing advance and the second compensation value, including: the first compensation value is obtained based on the position and velocity information of the network device at the corresponding time of the uplink information's time-frequency domain resources, the third compensation value, and the position information of the terminal device; the position information of the terminal device is obtained based on the timing advance, the second compensation value, and the position and velocity information of the network device when it receives the random access preamble. The third compensation value is obtained based on the position and velocity information of the network device and the position of the beam reference point.

[0172] For example, the processing module 1010 is also configured to control the transceiver module 1020 to send a random access response message based on the third compensation value.

[0173] For example, the location information of the terminal device is obtained based on the timing advance, the second compensation value, and the location and velocity information of the network device when it receives the random access preamble. This includes: the location information of the terminal device is obtained based on the elevation and azimuth angles of the terminal device relative to the network device, and the location and velocity information of the network device when it receives the random access preamble. The elevation and azimuth angles of the terminal device relative to the network device are obtained based on the received beam of the random access preamble, the timing advance, and the second compensation value.

[0174] For example, the processing module 1010 is further configured to control the transceiver module 1020 to send SSB and system information based on a third compensation value, which is obtained based on the location and speed information of the network device and the position of the beam reference point.

[0175] For example, the aforementioned SSB or system information may also include the third compensation value.

[0176] For example, the transceiver module 1020 is also used to receive a random access preamble.

[0177] For example, the processing module 1010 is further configured to control the transceiver module 1020 to receive a random access preamble based on a third compensation value, the third compensation value being obtained based on the location and speed information of the network device and the position of the beam reference point.

[0178] For example, the transceiver module 1020 does not send ephemeris information of the network device.

[0179] For a more detailed description of the aforementioned processing module 1010 and transceiver module 1020, please refer to [link / reference needed]. Figure 6 The relevant descriptions in the method embodiments shown.

[0180] like Figure 11 As shown, device 1100 includes a processor 1110 and interface circuitry 1120. The processor 1110 and interface circuitry 1120 are coupled to each other. It is understood that interface circuitry 1120 can be a transceiver or an input / output interface. Optionally, device 1100 may also include a memory 1130 for storing instructions executed by the processor 1110, or storing input data required by the processor 1110 to execute instructions, or storing data generated after the processor 1110 executes instructions. Sometimes, interface circuitry 1120 can also be understood as part of processor 1110, in which case device 1100 includes processor 1110.

[0181] When device 1100 is used to achieve Figure 6 In the method shown, processor 1110 is used to implement the functions of the processing module 1010, and interface circuit 1120 is used to implement the functions of the transceiver module 1020.

[0182] When the aforementioned device is a chip applied to a network device, the chip implements the functions of the network device in any of the above method embodiments. The chip receiving information from the terminal device can be understood as the information being first received by other modules (such as an RF module or antenna) in the network device, and then sent to the chip by these modules. The chip sending information to the terminal device can be understood as the information being first sent to other modules (such as an RF module or antenna) in the network device, and then sent to the terminal device by these modules.

[0183] When the aforementioned device is a chip applied to a terminal device, the chip implements the functions of the terminal device in any of the above method embodiments. The chip receiving information from a network device can be understood as the information being first received by other modules (such as an RF module or antenna) in the terminal device, and then sent to the chip by these modules. The chip sending information to a network device can be understood as the information being sent to other modules (such as an RF module or antenna) in the terminal device, and then sent to the network device by these modules.

[0184] In one possible implementation, the processor 1110 may include a transceiver for implementing receiving and transmitting functions. This transceiver may provide a communication interface or means for communicating with various other devices / apps via a wireless transmission medium. The transceiver may be coupled to an antenna array, and the transceiver and antenna array may be used together for communication with a suitable network type.

[0185] In one possible implementation, the processor 1110 may store instructions, which may be a computer program. This computer program, running on the processor 1110, causes the communication device to perform the methods described in the above method embodiments. The computer program may be embedded in the processor 1110; in this case, the processor 1110 may be implemented in hardware.

[0186] In one implementation, the aforementioned device 1100 can be a communication device. The communication device may include circuitry that performs the functions of transmitting, receiving, or communicating as described in the foregoing method embodiments. The processor and transceiver described in this application can be implemented on integrated circuits (ICs), analog ICs, radio frequency integrated circuits (RFICs), mixed-signal ICs, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), printed circuit boards (PCBs), electronic devices, etc. The processor and transceiver can also be manufactured using various IC process technologies, such as complementary metal oxide semiconductors (CMOS), n-metal-oxide-semiconductor (NMOS), positive channel metal oxide semiconductors (PMOS), bipolar junction transistors (BJTs), bipolar CMOS (BiCMOS), silicon germanium (SiGe), gallium arsenide (GaAs), etc.

[0187] This application also provides a communication system, which includes a terminal device and a network device, and the terminal device and network device can be used to execute the methods in the foregoing method embodiments.

[0188] In addition, this application also provides a computer program for implementing the operations and / or processes performed by a terminal device or a network device in the method provided in this application.

[0189] This application also provides a readable storage medium storing computer code that, when executed on a computer, causes the computer to perform the operations and / or processes described in this application that are performed by a terminal device or a network device.

[0190] This application also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program or instructions that, when run on a communication device, cause the operations and / or processes performed by a terminal device or network device in the method provided in this application to be executed.

[0191] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and modules described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be described again here.

[0192] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0193] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0194] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0195] If the aforementioned functions are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to existing solutions, or a portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, external hard drives, ROM, RAM, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0196] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A communication method for a non-terrestrial network, characterized in that, Applied to a terminal device, the method includes: Receive a random access response message, the random access response message including indication information of a first compensation value, the first compensation value being used for frequency offset pre-compensation of uplink communication and / or frequency offset compensation of downlink communication; the first compensation value is obtained based on a timing advance and a second compensation value, both of which are obtained based on a random access preamble. Based on the first compensation value, send uplink information and / or receive downlink information.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: Receive synchronization signal / physical broadcast channel block (SSB) and system information.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The SSB or the system information includes a third compensation value, which is obtained based on the location and velocity information of the network device and the position of the beam reference point.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The receipt of the random access response message includes: Receive a random access response message based on the third compensation value.

5. The method according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, The method further includes: Based on the third compensation value, a random access preamble is sent.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The method further includes: Send a random access preamble.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The method further includes: The network device's ephemeris information is not received or processed.

8. A communication method for a non-terrestrial network, characterized in that, Applied to a network device, the method includes: Send a random access response message, the random access response message including indication information of a first compensation value, the first compensation value being used for frequency offset pre-compensation for uplink communication and / or frequency offset compensation for downlink communication; the first compensation value is obtained based on a timing advance and a second compensation value, both of which are obtained based on the received random access preamble; Receive uplink information and / or send downlink information.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The sending of the random access response message includes: Based on the first compensation value, a random access response message is sent.

10. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The sending of the random access response message includes: A random access response message is sent based on a third compensation value, which is obtained based on the location and speed information of the network device and the position of the beam reference point.

11. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that, The method further includes: Based on the third compensation value, a synchronization signal / physical broadcast channel block (SSB) and system information are transmitted. The third compensation value is obtained based on the location and velocity information of the network device and the position of the beam reference point.

12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that, The SSB or the system information includes the third compensation value.

13. The method according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that, The method further includes: Receive random access preamble.

14. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 12, characterized in that, The method further includes: The random access preamble is received based on the third compensation value, which is obtained based on the location and speed information of the network device and the position of the beam reference point.

15. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 14, characterized in that, The method further includes: The ephemeris information of the network device is not sent.

16. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that, The random access response message also includes a time lead time.

17. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that, The first compensation value is obtained based on the time advance and the second compensation value, including: The first compensation value is obtained based on the location and speed information of the network device at the time corresponding to the time-frequency domain resources of the uplink information, and the location information of the terminal device; The location information of the terminal device is obtained based on the time advance, the second compensation value, and the location and speed information of the network device when it receives the random access preamble.

18. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that, The first compensation value is obtained based on the time advance and the second compensation value, including: The first compensation value is obtained based on the location and speed information of the network device at the time corresponding to the time-frequency domain resources of the uplink information, the third compensation value, and the location information of the terminal device; The location information of the terminal device is obtained based on the time advance, the second compensation value, and the location and speed information of the network device when it receives the random access preamble; The third compensation value is obtained based on the position and velocity information of the network device and the position of the beam reference point.

19. The method according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that, The location information of the terminal device is obtained based on the time advance, the second compensation value, and the location and speed information of the network device when it receives the random access preamble, including: The location information of the terminal device is obtained based on the elevation angle and azimuth angle of the terminal device relative to the network device, as well as the location and speed information of the network device when it receives the random access preamble; The elevation and azimuth angles of the terminal device relative to the network device are obtained based on the receiving beam of the random access preamble, the timing advance, and the second compensation value.

20. A terminal device, characterized in that, include: The transceiver module is used to receive a random access response message, which includes an indication of a first compensation value. The first compensation value is used for frequency offset pre-compensation for uplink communication and / or frequency offset compensation for downlink communication. The first compensation value is obtained based on a timing advance and a second compensation value, both of which are obtained based on a random access preamble. The processing module is configured to control the transceiver module to send uplink information and / or receive downlink information based on the first compensation value.

21. The terminal device according to claim 20, characterized in that, The transceiver module is also used to receive synchronization signals / physical broadcast channel blocks (SSBs) and system information.

22. The terminal device according to claim 21, characterized in that, The SSB or the system information includes a third compensation value, which is obtained based on the location and velocity information of the network device and the position of the beam reference point.

23. The terminal device according to claim 22, characterized in that, The processing module is also configured to control the transceiver module to receive random access response messages based on the third compensation value.

24. The terminal device according to claim 22 or 23, characterized in that, The processing module is also used to control the transceiver module to send a random access preamble based on the third compensation value.

25. The terminal device according to any one of claims 20 to 24, characterized in that, The transceiver module is also used to send a random access preamble.

26. The terminal device according to any one of claims 20 to 25, characterized in that, The transceiver module does not receive ephemeris information from the network device, or the processing module does not process the ephemeris information from the network device.

27. A network device, characterized in that, include: The transceiver module is used to send a random access response message, which includes an indication of a first compensation value. The first compensation value is used for frequency offset pre-compensation for uplink communication and / or frequency offset compensation for downlink communication. The first compensation value is obtained based on a timing advance and a second compensation value, both of which are obtained based on the received random access preamble. The transceiver module is also used to receive uplink information and / or send downlink information.

28. The network device according to claim 27, characterized in that, The network device also includes a processing module; The processing module is configured to control the transceiver module to send a random access response message based on the first compensation value.

29. The network device according to claim 27, characterized in that, The network device also includes a processing module; The processing module is used to control the transceiver module to send a random access response message according to a third compensation value, wherein the third compensation value is obtained based on the location and speed information of the network device and the position of the beam reference point.

30. The network device according to any one of claims 27 to 29, characterized in that, The network device also includes a processing module; The processing module is used to control the transceiver module to send synchronization signal / physical broadcast channel block (SSB) and system information according to the third compensation value, wherein the third compensation value is obtained based on the location and speed information of the network device and the position of the beam reference point.

31. The network device according to claim 30, characterized in that, The SSB or the system information includes the third compensation value.

32. The network device according to claim 30 or 31, characterized in that, The transceiver module is also used to receive random access preambles.

33. The network device according to any one of claims 27 to 31, characterized in that, The network device also includes a processing module; The processing module is used to control the transceiver module to receive random access preamble based on a third compensation value, wherein the third compensation value is obtained based on the location and speed information of the network device and the position of the beam reference point.

34. The network device according to any one of claims 27 to 33, characterized in that, The transceiver module does not send ephemeris information of the network device.

35. A communication device, characterized in that, The device includes a processor and an interface circuit, wherein the interface circuit is used to receive information from other communication devices and transmit it to the processor or send information from the processor to other communication devices, and the processor enables the communication devices to implement the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 19 through the interface circuit or by executing code instructions.

36. A readable storage medium, characterized in that, The readable storage medium stores a computer program or instructions that, when executed by a communication device, implement the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 19.

37. A computer program product comprising a computer program or instructions, characterized in that, When the computer program or instructions are executed by the communication device, the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 19 is implemented.

38. A communication system, characterized in that, The communication system includes a terminal device for performing the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, 16 to 19, and a network device for performing the method as described in any one of claims 8 to 19.

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