Dual method and system for low cost removal of suspended particles in a body of water to maintain water quality suitable for direct contact recreational activities

Abstract

A dual method and system for eliminating suspended particles in artificial bodies of water having a minimum surface area of 10,000 m 2 The CTI is maintained by introducing an effective amount of a CTI reducing agent. Other agents can also be introduced.

Description

Cross-references to related applications

[0001] This application claims the benefit and priority of U.S. Patent Application No. 18 / 590,426, filed February 28, 2024, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Technical Field

[0002] This invention addresses the management and treatment of water-based facilities, and more specifically, a dual approach and system designed for the removal of suspended particles from large bodies of water. The dual approach and system include adjusting the chromatic turbidity index (CTI) to establish and maintain the visual and physical properties of large bodies of water at levels that achieve aesthetic appearance and safety conditions for recreational activities involving direct contact. Background Technology

[0003] In recent years, water recreation activities, including swimming and various water sports, have become increasingly popular, leading to a steady increase in demand for facilities and environments that can support such activities in a safe and hygienic manner. For example, an independent study found that participation in outdoor swimming in the UK increased by 1.5 to 3 times between 2019 and 2020. Similarly, many countries in the Mediterranean, Southeast Asia, South America, North America, and Europe have witnessed a boom in the construction of seaside lagoons and water parks, reflecting a growing demand for water recreation venues.

[0004] However, there are relevant distinctions in the development and / or use of natural and artificial water bodies for recreational purposes involving direct contact. The most common type of artificial water body is the swimming pool, which is limited in scale due to cost and other technical difficulties.

[0005] Natural water bodies, such as natural lakes and ponds, while clearly intended for such recreational purposes, also present inherent challenges. These water bodies rely on natural treatment systems and processes, such as biological balance, to maintain water quality.

[0006] As a result, such natural water features are often turbid or highly turbid, posing safety risks to swimmers. Furthermore, from a health perspective, these systems sometimes fail to maintain water quality suitable for direct contact, especially during pollution or eutrophication events. In addition, natural water bodies present a variety of health hazards that can pose significant health risks. One of the more concerning threats is the presence of pathogenic microorganisms, including amoebae. These single-celled organisms, such as Naegleria fowleri (…),… Naegleria fowleriThese organisms are frequently found in warm, freshwater environments and can cause serious, often fatal, infections when they typically enter the body through the nasal passages. Cases of primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM), a brain infection caused by this amoeba, are almost always fatal. Other amoebas can cause skin and eye infections, further highlighting the need for water quality control.

[0007] Given these challenges associated with using natural water features, the market is recently turning to the construction of crystal-clear artificial lagoons specifically designed to promote direct-contact recreational activities such as swimming and practicing water sports. The treatment and filtration of such water bodies remain obstacles, as conventional swimming pool technology is neither suitable nor can provide cost-effective solutions for above-average water features, largely due to the way conventional swimming pools are built and operated worldwide.

[0008] Conventional swimming pool technology requires intensive filtration of the entire water volume, typically four times a day. This necessitates comprehensive and efficient filtration to ensure that every portion of the water is filtered evenly. Filtration involves drawing water from the pool, sending it to the filtration system, and returning it to the pool. Therefore, conventional swimming pools often have numerous inlets and outlets, with water drawn from the outlets and returned to the pool through the inlets. These outlets also serve to properly mix the water. A key challenge associated with these methods is the "dead zone," or areas within the pool where the water remains relatively still and therefore cannot be filtered. These areas, characterized by a lack of significant water flow or mixing, can become reservoirs for contaminants, sediment, or even promote biological growth, posing health risks to users. Therefore, conventional swimming pools must include numerous inlet and outlet elements to avoid this problem. However, this requirement further increases costs.

[0009] Adapting traditional swimming pool techniques to large artificial lagoons becomes increasingly difficult. More critically, achieving uniform filtration in these vast spaces is extremely challenging. Given their scale, if constructed similarly to conventional swimming pools, these lagoons would require a large array of evenly distributed inlets and outlets to ensure uniform water mixing and minimize dead zones. Establishing such a network would necessitate complex, massive, and extensive piping systems capable of handling long distances, increasing sensitivity to pressure drops, and requiring high-flow pumps. These complexities highlight numerous operational difficulties and drawbacks: Energy consumption: In large bodies of water, the continuous recirculation and filtration of water requires powerful pumps, which leads to increased energy costs.

[0010] Infrastructure: The need for large-scale filtration units, pumping units and other related equipment leads to higher initial and maintenance costs.

[0011] Human resources: Ensuring consistent water quality across such a wide area requires a larger workforce for monitoring, maintenance, and handling potential malfunctions.

[0012] Equipment degradation: The continuous circulation of high-power pumps can accelerate equipment degradation, leading to more frequent replacements or repairs.

[0013] Construction complexity: The large number of nozzles, along with the complex piping network, their anchoring, head loss, and other requirements, significantly complicates the construction process. This complexity necessitates meticulous planning and implementation to ensure stability and functionality, leading to increased construction time and costs.

[0014] Furthermore, the complexities associated with traditional centralized filtration, such as nozzle costs, pressure drop, and the challenges of achieving uniform filtration, lead to a surge in equipment and operating expenses. In large lagoons designed for recreational activities, such as 3-hectare bodies of water, the challenges of proper water circulation and filtration are amplified. For example, in many regions, regulations specify specific numbers and distribution patterns of nozzles based on water surface area to ensure consistent water flow and optimal filtration. For instance, local regulations in California require at least two inlets for an initial 10,000-gallon (37,850 L) volume, with additional inlets for every subsequent 10,000 gallons (37,850 L) or a portion thereof. For a 3-hectare (7.41 acres) lagoon, this translates to requiring two initial inlets plus an additional 1,187 inlets, totaling approximately 1,189 nozzles.

[0015] Furthermore, turnover rate, the time taken to circulate and filter the entire volume of the lagoon, is a key parameter in lagoon design. For public pools, a standard turnover rate of 6 hours is typically followed. For a 3-hectare (7.41-acre) lagoon with an estimated average depth of 1.5 meters (4.9 feet), the total volume is approximately 45,000 cubic meters (1,589,160 cubic feet). Therefore, considering the processing capacity of a conventional commercial sand filter used for a swimming pool is approximately 100 m³ / s... 3 / hour (3,531 cubic feet / hour), the design would require combining approximately 75 such filters operating simultaneously.

[0016] Given the complexity of constructing a large-scale recreational lagoon and its associated infrastructure, the cost could be extremely high. For reference, the construction cost for conventional swimming pool technology is estimated at approximately [amount missing] per square meter. 1,800 (per square foot) 167). This figure includes costs associated with nozzles, pipes, filtration equipment, and other essential components.

[0017] In summary, these calculations highlight the complexity and investment required to design and construct large-scale artificial lagoons, emphasizing the need for innovative solutions to address the inherent technical and financial challenges of such projects.

[0018] Therefore, due to high costs and operational difficulties, no large bodies of water are currently constructed or operated using conventional swimming pool filtration. An example of past attempts to build such large-scale facilities is the Ocean Domepark pool in China, which closed in 2007 due to unsustainable costs and operational obstacles. While some large bodies of water used for recreational purposes have achieved good transparency and water quality, these features do not utilize conventional swimming pool techniques. Instead, they employ technologies such as flocculation and have intensive bottom cleaning requirements, which sometimes leads to sediment buildup at the bottom of these features, stressing their treatment and thus degrading their aesthetic quality.

[0019] Therefore, using conventional swimming pool technology is not a substitute for these large recreational water features, and a technology is needed to eliminate suspended particles in large bodies of water, thereby producing high transparency, providing water suitable for recreation, meeting hygiene standards for swimming, and being economically feasible compared to using conventional swimming pool technology. Summary of the Invention

[0020] This invention includes a dual method for eliminating suspended particles in artificial water bodies with a minimum surface area of ​​10,000 m², the method comprising: a. Maintaining a continuous, sub-standard centralized filtration flow in artificial water bodies; b. By introducing an effective amount of CTI reducer through a CTI reducing agent dosing system to reduce the CTI by altering the physicochemical or biological characteristics of the water, thereby maintaining the CTI below 19, wherein "CTI reducer" is any reagent or combination of reagents capable of reducing the CTI of water, wherein: i. The ability of a reagent or combination of reagents to be identified as a "CTI reducer" is determined by the decay index of the CTI reducer; ii. The decay index represents the minimum percentage decrease required for the CTI to occur within a specified time period; iii. Therefore, agents or combinations of agents that meet or exceed a decay index of 90% per hour are identified as CTI reducers; The color turbidity index (CTI) of water is defined by a mathematical formula: .

[0021] Furthermore, the present invention includes a method for adjusting a minimum surface area of ​​10,000 m² to achieve a basic continuous filtration flow. 2 A system of water body properties, comprising: a. A reagent introduction module, configured to release an effective amount of a CTI reducer into the water body if the CTI exceeds 19, wherein the CTI reducer is selected to reduce the CTI by altering the physicochemical or biological characteristics of the water; and wherein the CTI of the water body is defined by the following mathematical formula: .

[0022] Several other aspects of the invention will be set forth in the following description. An aspect of the invention may involve a single feature or a combination of features. It should be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and do not limit the broad inventive concept on which the embodiments disclosed herein are based. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The accompanying drawings, which are included in and form part of this specification, illustrate several aspects of this disclosure. A brief description of the drawings is as follows: Figure 1 This is a graph showing the percentage of suspended particulates eliminated compared to a dual-variable system and method according to an embodiment of the present invention, using conventional centralized filtration.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a heatmap of the chromatic turbidity index (CTI) values ​​related to the turbidity and color of water. The area under the curve represents the limit value at the CTI = 19 threshold, where the water meets the desired aesthetic and quality requirements.

[0025] Figure 3 This graph represents the minimum required behavior of the CTI reducer. After applying the CTI reducer, a 90% decrease in CTI was observed per hour.

[0026] Figure 4 It is a graph describing the water CTI process in different combinations of substandard centralized filtration and treatment methods.

[0027] Figure 5 The artificial water body of the present invention is described.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the interrelationship of the components of a dual system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the interrelationship of the components of a dual system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Implementation Reference will now be made in detail to exemplary aspects of this disclosure as illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Where possible, the same reference numerals will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or similar portions.

[0031] This application relates to a dual system and method for removing suspended solids from large bodies of water, which uses a combination of a standard continuous filtration flow and an additional system that uses a novel index dependent on quantifying the color and turbidity characteristics of the water body. Hereinafter, this index is referred to as the “chromoturbidity index,” “CT index,” or “CTI.”

[0032] The Chromatography-Turbidity Index (CTI) provides a comprehensive assessment of the aesthetic condition of a water body, moving beyond the limitations of evaluating color or turbidity in isolation. In particular, color or turbidity parameters can be misleading in determining water quality. For example, water may be clear, indicating low turbidity, but its color may be abnormal, suggesting the presence of harmful substances. Conversely, water with an appropriate color may have high turbidity levels, concealing its contents and posing potential health risks. Similarly, it is possible to encounter situations where turbidity or color levels individually meet acceptable standards. However, when these factors are assessed together using the CTI, the combined effect may render the water quality unacceptable.

[0033] To overcome the drawbacks of substandard continuous filtration, the method of this invention introduces a CTI reducing agent, which, when used in conjunction with the color and turbidity index, provides significantly improved water quality. By using substandard filtration together with both the color and turbidity index and the CTI reducing agent, suspended particles can be eliminated more effectively, overcoming the limitations of using substandard filtration alone.

[0034] This method represents a significant innovation in water treatment technology. By synergistically combining substandard centralized filtration with CTI (Continuous Particulate Intake) treatment, this system and method introduce a novel solution that significantly improves water quality and safety. The ability to consistently and reliably exceed target levels of particulate removal addresses a critical need in the field of water quality management. This innovation is particularly impactful because it provides a practical and effective solution to the challenges posed by inadequate filtration systems—a common problem in many water features.

[0035] The new CTI method synergistically assesses color and turbidity, providing a more accurate understanding of water suitability for recreational purposes. By considering both parameters simultaneously, water conditions that might be overlooked when assessed individually can be identified. This integrated approach ensures that water maintains attractive visual quality while adhering to stringent health and safety standards. The results offer significant improvements in the field of water treatment, leveraging data-driven judgment to achieve both aesthetic appeal and safety in large lagoons and other large bodies of water.

[0036] Now go to Figure 1The figure illustrates the percentage of substandard centralized filtration compared to the method according to the invention (i.e., the level of suspended particulate removal required to meet the threshold CTI). The figure describes the effectiveness of substandard centralized filtration in removing suspended particulates from water. Due to the smaller number of nozzles and / or less network distribution used in substandard centralized filtration, and the lower effective filtration rate (as explained further below), the percentage related to the standard for such substandard filtration will fluctuate, but most of the time remains consistently below the required level for suspended particulate removal, corresponding to 100%. This highlights the inadequacy of relying solely on substandard centralized filtration to maintain water quality, as it cannot achieve the desired level of particulate removal.

[0037] However, introducing CTI reducer treatment into water maintenance significantly altered the results. When substandard centralized filtration was combined with CTI reducer treatment, the removal of suspended particles was improved, achieving the desired levels and outcomes. The figure illustrates the significant increase in suspended particle removal, reaching values ​​exceeding 100% of the target level during critical time periods. This synergy between substandard centralized filtration and CTI reducer treatment provides a solution for improving water quality, with one approach compensating for the limitations of the other. By using both methods simultaneously, suspended particle removal can be optimized, overcoming the barriers posed by the low efficiency of substandard centralized filtration alone. This dual system and approach demonstrates the potential to achieve more consistent and reliable water purification results, ensuring safer water and mitigating the risks associated with inadequate filtration.

[0038] The use of the aforementioned dual system and method, employing a combination of a sustained, lower-than-standard centralized filtration system and an additional system, resulted in significant improvements in both energy consumption and filtration capacity. - Reduced Power Consumption: The water treatment system of this invention is optimized to consume less power. Specifically, test and operational data show that this system saves up to 98% of power compared to conventional systems. This reduction not only ensures lower operating costs for facility owners but also promotes environmental sustainability by reducing the energy footprint of the water feature.

[0039] - Optimized Filtration Capacity: In conventional swimming pool systems, the filtration process typically targets the entire volume of pool water, filtering approximately four times per day, and requires numerous inlets and outlets to achieve uniform filtration. This repetitive cycle translates into high construction and operating costs, can lead to excessive wear and tear on filtration equipment, and necessitates significant filtration capacity. In stark contrast, this invention significantly reduces these requirements. This means that even while ensuring optimal cleanliness, the system is more sustainable, requires less maintenance, and is potentially more durable due to reduced operational demands.

[0040] - Enhanced Economic Benefits: In addition to direct savings from construction costs and reduced electricity consumption, the optimized filtration process translates into lower total operating costs. Lower frequency of filter component replacements, reduced maintenance interventions, and potential eligibility for energy-saving subsidies or awards further enhance the system's economic benefits. Compared to the high costs associated with conventional pool filtration technologies, this invention offers a highly economical solution, reducing prices by up to 20 times. This significant cost reduction has the potential to have a global impact, enabling water bodies of any size to maintain clear, transparent water at a fraction of the cost of conventional systems. This economic benefit not only expands access to high-quality water features but also promotes environmentally and financially sustainable approaches. The innovation of this invention can significantly transform how large water bodies are managed and enjoyed globally, providing a practical and economical solution for pristine water conditions in a variety of environments.

[0041] - Possibility of using different materials and reduced construction costs: The water treatment system of this invention can be used in water bodies constructed with alternative materials such as plastic liners. This optimized method eliminates the reliance on concrete for fixing nozzles and eliminates the need for complex embedding of numerous nozzles in concrete (which is traditionally time-consuming and expensive). Therefore, by reducing the number of nozzles required, the construction process is simplified, thereby significantly reducing construction costs.

[0042] In this context, the present invention represents a significant advancement in water technology for large bodies of water. It meets modern requirements for energy efficiency and sustainability while ensuring clean, clear, and safe water for its users.

[0043] Definition and discussion Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. For the purposes of this disclosure, the following terms are intended to be defined as shown below.

[0044] As used herein, the term "suspended particles" encompasses a broad range of entities present in water, from visible particles to extremely small entities, including but not limited to microorganisms and molecular structures. This definition is comprehensive, covering even entities at the molecular level, such as non-oxidized forms of metals. Suspended particles can originate from a variety of sources and can consist of either organic or inorganic matter. Their presence in water typically contributes to turbidity and color, affecting clarity and aesthetics, and potentially impacting the safety of water for recreational activities.

[0045] Biologically derived suspended particles include a variety of microorganisms. For example, algae are photosynthetic organisms that can reproduce in water under certain conditions, thus giving water color and turbidity. Similarly, a variety of bacteria can exist as suspended entities in water. While some of these microorganisms are harmless, others may pose health risks, especially when the water is intended for recreational activities. Protozoa and certain tiny aquatic plants and animals also constitute the biological component of suspended particles.

[0046] Besides biological entities, suspended particles may contain inorganic matter. Metals are a significant component of this category. Specifically, the oxidation state of a metal plays a crucial role in determining its behavior and impact on water quality. Metals are generally more soluble in water in their lower oxidation states than in their higher oxidation states. This increased solubility means that these metals can remain dissolved in water for extended periods. Aquatic environments, with their dynamic nature, frequently undergo multiple redox (reduction-oxidation) changes due to microbial activity or other chemical reactions. Metals in their lower oxidation states can participate in these reactions, potentially leading to the transformation of one metal species into another, thereby altering the chemical composition of the water. Furthermore, the toxicity of metals often varies based on their oxidation state. For example, chromium is more toxic in its hexavalent form than in its trivalent counterpart. Examples of such suspended particles include, but are not limited to, iron, manganese, and copper, which, when present in water, can cause discoloration and, in some cases, health problems. Over time, metals can react with other substances, causing them to transition from a suspended state to a dissolved state.

[0047] In addition, other suspended particles can be obtained from external sources such as soil runoff, which introduces silt and clay into the water. Organic matter such as leaves and plant debris can also degrade and break down into smaller particles, further increasing the suspended particle load in the water.

[0048] The term "below-standard centralized filtration" refers to a filtration system that fails to meet the established standard of filtering the entire daily water volume, or lacks uniformity and efficiency according to established parameters. Specifically, this could be due to smaller, less capable filters with insufficient flow rates, or insufficient nozzles and / or a sparsely distributed nozzle network leading to ineffective filtration, and / or a lower effective filtration rate, and / or an inadequate skimmer. Such below-standard filtration results in reduced filtration coverage or decreased effective filtration, which is the system's ability to uniformly remove contaminants and suspended particles from the water, covering all areas of the water body rather than just a portion. In this case, "below-standard" refers to a deviation from the standard (norm) typically used in swimming pools, which is to filter the entire water volume four times per day, but with a sufficient number of appropriately distributed nozzles to achieve effective filtration of that volume to a certain level.

[0049] Similarly, a lack of uniformity and efficiency due to a limited number of nozzles and / or improper arrangement throughout the water volume can be a significant problem. In this context, uniformity refers to the even distribution of water throughout the entire body of water, ensuring that every portion of the water can be filtered or treated. Nozzles are responsible for distributing the water, and any lack of uniformity in this distribution and orientation can lead to uneven arrival, leaving some areas as untouched dead zones, which can allow contaminants to proliferate. In this sense, nozzles play a crucial role in ensuring “effective turnover,” which refers to the frequency at which the entire volume of water in a body is effectively and uniformly replaced without leaving any untouched areas.

[0050] Low effective turnover can lead to degraded water quality because contaminants have more time to accumulate or multiply in some areas. Therefore, a lack of uniformity and efficiency due to the number and / or arrangement of nozzles translates into low effective turnover, which is a critical issue and addressing these issues is essential to ensuring consistent and high-quality water.

[0051] Similarly, the uniformity index must reach 1 for the turnover rate to be considered an effective turnover rate. It is defined as follows: if the average difference in tracer concentration over any 50 cm depth difference is less than or equal to 20% (measured at three different locations within the water body), then the uniformity index (HI) = 1. Otherwise, HI is 0.

[0052] As used herein, tracer concentration refers to the concentration or value of a tracer used to assess the homogeneity of a body of water, which may include, for example, colorant concentration, radioisotope measurement, visual inspection, assigning values ​​or categories to tracer concentrations, etc.

[0053] In this sense, substandard centralized filtration refers to two different situations. First, it can mean that the centralized filtration HI = 0, which implies a lack of uniformity and efficiency compared to the 2024 International Swimming Pool and Spa Code (ISPSC) due to a small number of nozzles and / or improper arrangement throughout the water volume. Alternatively, it refers to centralized filtration with HI = 1 and an effective turnover rate of up to 3 times per day. In this sense, such filtration efficiency is equivalent to a maximum of 12.5% ​​of the water volume per hour.

[0054] While substandard centralized filtration differs from traditional high-intensity filtration standards, it has been intentionally incorporated as a continuing requirement of this application. This filtration method creates a unique balance, achieving optimal water quality, clarity, and sanitation when combined with CTI reducer dosing treatment. By coordinating substandard centralized filtration with CTI reducer dosing treatment, efficiency is improved and energy consumption, equipment wear, and operating costs are reduced, all of which contribute to improved water treatment solutions.

[0055] The advantage of the concept and implementation of this invention lies in the use of a less-than-standard filtration system, comprising a lower turnover rate and / or a reduced number of nozzles and / or a smaller nozzle network. In conventional systems, a large number of nozzles are distributed, typically embedded in the concrete shell of the swimming pool, to ensure uniform water distribution and filtration. Concrete is a durable and robust material, providing stability for the nozzles and their network, but it also requires a more complex, time-consuming, and expensive construction process. Furthermore, concrete structures are typically permanent and immutable, making any subsequent modifications or expansions challenging. As proposed in this invention, the use of fewer nozzles and / or a smaller nozzle network represents a significant departure from this standard and opens the way for the use of other materials in pool structure construction.

[0056] The term "turbidity" is defined as the cloudiness or smudgedness of a liquid caused by a large number of individual particles suspended in a volume of water. In bodies of water, turbidity is typically caused by the presence of suspended particles such as silt, clay, microorganisms, and other particulate matter. It is a key test of water quality and can affect the color of water. Turbidity can be measured using a turbidimeter or nephelometric meter. Results are usually reported in nephelometric turbidity units (NTU). However, other measurements or methods can be used to measure the turbidity or clarity of water, such as using Secchi discs or other methods.

[0057] The term "numeric color" is defined as a quantitative representation of the color of water. This value can be influenced by a variety of substances and particles in the water, such as organic matter, metals, and other contaminants. The presence of these substances can give water its color, which may indicate certain water quality problems.

[0058] The term "flocculator" or "coagulant" is defined as a chemical compound that promotes the coagulation of fine particles suspended in a liquid, resulting in the formation of "flocs" or causing particles to aggregate or clump together.

[0059] Dual methods This disclosure provides a method for eliminating water bodies, particularly those with a minimum surface area of ​​10,000 m². 2Methods and systems for handling suspended particles in large bodies of water, the methods and systems having a basic substandard centralized filtration flow and using at least one additional system to maintain the physicochemical properties of the water so that the water is suitable for recreational purposes.

[0060] The dual approach and system disclosed herein innovatively incorporate the use of the Chromatic Turbidity Index (CTI) as defined herein. The mathematical formulation of the CTI represents a breakthrough, synergistically integrating two key parameters influencing the appearance of water. It provides a more comprehensive perspective on water condition. Historically, independent monitoring of these factors has led to inefficient water quality assessments, resulting in unnecessary resource consumption, overuse of chemicals, and increased energy consumption in filtration processes. The CTI approach addresses these inefficiencies, highlighting the importance of understanding the interplay between water color and turbidity.

[0061] The preferred method according to the present invention includes: a. Maintaining a sustained flow rate below standard centralized filtration in artificial water bodies; and To calculate the CTI, the digital color and turbidity level of the water are determined. The mathematical formula for the CTI of a water body is as follows:

[0062] The digital colors used in CTI are a quantitative representation of the color of water in the Forel-Ule scale, and the turbidity levels used in CTI represent the clarity of water in turbidity units (NTU).

[0063] The digital color of a water body is determined using a colorimetric measurement module; this module digitally represents the colored appearance of the water body, determining its deviation from the desired level of clear, transparent water based on objective standards. One scale for defining water color digitally is the Fleur colorimetric table, a visual method primarily used in limnology to determine water color. The scale ranges from number 1, the clearest blue water (indicating nutrient deficiency), to number 21, reddish-brown water (indicating eutrophication or even malnutrition). Fleur colorimetric table colors are determined by comparing the color of a water sample to a set of standardized hues (specifically, 21 values). Therefore, digital color not only provides aesthetic indications but is also a useful tool for environmental monitoring and management. According to this disclosure, preferred colorimetric measurement modules for determining the digital color of water include those using the Fleur colorimetric table.

[0064] Other methods for determining digital color using a colorimetric measurement module can be selected from the following groups: spectrophotometry, which measures the absorbance or transmittance of water to a specific wavelength of light; colorimetric sensor arrays, employing a series of indicators that change color based on the presence of a specific analyte or condition in the water; reflectance colorimetry, which determines the color of water by measuring the reflection of light leaving the water surface; tone measurement methods, which compare the color of water to known standards; image-based colorimetry, which uses digital imaging and analysis techniques to determine the color quality of water; integrated fiber optic sensors, which can be immersed in water to transmit color information in real time; tri-stimulus colorimetry, which uses three detectors to capture light information in the red, green, and blue regions, mimicking human color perception; information obtained from external sources; or any combination thereof.

[0065] Furthermore, a turbidity measurement module is used to determine the turbidity level of the water body; the turbidity measurement module can digitally represent the turbidity of the water body and determine its deviation from the desired transparent and clear water based on objective standards. The preferred turbidity measurement module disclosed herein includes the use of a nephelometric method, which measures the intensity of scattered light at a specific angle relative to the incident light, quantifying the turbidity in turbidity units (NTU).

[0066] Other methods for determining turbidity levels using a turbidity measurement module can be selected from the group consisting of: laser diffraction, where the size and distribution of particles in the water are determined based on the scattering pattern of a laser beam passing through the water; transmission methods, which determine turbidity by measuring the reduction in light intensity passing directly through the water sample; backscattering detection, which captures light scattered in the opposite direction to the source and measures under high turbidity conditions; digital imaging, which uses visual capture and then digitally analyzes the clarity of the water; ultrasonic methods, where turbidity is determined by analyzing the speed, attenuation, or scattering of ultrasonic waves through the water; time-of-flight (ToF) sensors, which determine the time it takes for a light or sound pulse to pass through the water sample and reflect off particles; information obtained from external sources; or any combination thereof.

[0067] The dual method and system of the present invention also include defining a “CTI reducer” as any reagent or combination of reagents capable of causing a reduction in the CTI of water over a specific time period, wherein: - The ability of a reagent or combination of reagents to be identified as a "CTI reducer" is determined by its "attenuation index"; - The decay index represents the minimum percentage decrease required for the CTI to occur within a specified time period; Therefore, reagents or combinations of reagents that achieve or exceed a decay index of 90% per hour are identified as CTI reducers.

[0068] Defining “CTI reducers” is important for processes that adjust and maintain the desired appearance and quality of water bodies. It emphasizes that what is needed is not just any agent, but those that are particularly effective in quantifiable reductions of the color and turbidity index (CTI).

[0069] Furthermore, the decay index is a standardized measure that facilitates the classification and identification of reagents. Instead of using subjective or inconsistent standards, the decay index provides a unified system for evaluating the effectiveness of various reagents. For example, if two reagents—Reagent A and Reagent B—are considered for reducing CTI, their effectiveness can be compared based on their respective decay index values. If the decay index of Reagent A is higher than that of Reagent B, it means that Reagent A is more effective or efficient in reducing the CTI of water.

[0070] The minimum percentage decrease in CTI required within a set time period ensures that the CTI reducer is not only effective but also highly efficient. Because rapid adjustment is crucial, it is undesirable to take an extended period to achieve a specific reduction. This behavior can be achieved through... Figure 2 The study observed that the water's CTI was at a baseline state, and then a CTI reducer was applied, causing the CTI to decrease to meet the minimum definition of a 90% reduction in CTI per hour (an established minimum threshold). By establishing a clear threshold (90% per hour in this example), the process ensures that only the best-performing CTI reducer is used. This benchmark ensures consistency and sets performance standards.

[0071] To illustrate, consider two CTI reducers: reagent C with an attenuation index of 80% per hour and reagent D with an attenuation index of 95% per hour. Since the established minimum threshold is 90% per hour, reagent D will be considered a CTI reducer, while reagent C will not be considered a CTI reducer because it does not meet the minimum required performance. In conclusion, these parameters are important for determining the most effective and efficient working agent, ensuring that water bodies not only remain aesthetically pleasing but are also economically and ecologically manageable.

[0072] The dual approach and system disclosed herein also include maintaining CTI below approximately 19 (i.e., CTI ≤ 19), wherein if the CTI is determined to exceed 19, the disclosure includes introducing an effective amount of CTI reducer using a CTI reducer dosing system to reduce the CTI by altering the physicochemical and / or biological characteristics of the water.

[0073] The maximum CTI threshold described in this article corresponds to a maximum value of approximately 19, serving as a benchmark or reference point. If the CTI exceeds this threshold, it indicates that the appearance and quality of the water have deviated from the desired standards. This threshold is set based on a variety of factors, including aesthetic preferences, safety guidelines, and specific use cases. An image illustrating this definition is shown below. Figure 3As shown, the CTI value depends on the turbidity and color of the water. A curve is shown around the region where CTI ≤ 19, representing a set of values ​​that indicate water meets the requirements necessary to maintain the desired aesthetic and / or quality levels.

[0074] also, Figure 4 This demonstrates the use of a dual-technology approach, combining a baseline CTI range with a sustained flow rate lower than standard centralized filtration. If the CTI exceeds its maximum threshold, it can be adjusted using an additional system based on CTI variations. This approach not only achieves significant energy savings during filtration but also allows for fine-tuning of the use of CTI-reducing agents based on CTI values, ensuring optimal performance.

[0075] Real-time assessment can be performed using the dual methods and systems disclosed herein. In the event of anomalies or deviations, real-time corrective actions can be initiated. This monitoring and comparison can shorten response time and ensure that water maintains its desired characteristics without prolonged deviation by introducing an effective amount of CTI reducer through a CTI reducer dosing system. In embodiments of this disclosure, the steps of determining the chromaticity and turbidity index and comparing the calculated CTI with a threshold of 19 are performed manually. In another embodiment, an automated dosing system or calculation module is used for this purpose.

[0076] In the embodiments disclosed herein, the chromatic turbidity index (CTI) is also used to monitor environmental changes in water bodies over time, such as increased algal blooms during warmer months or during potential pollution events. For example, the CTI can serve as an early warning system for ecological changes such as algal blooms. Similarly, the CTI can also play a crucial role in identifying potential pollution events. For instance, if any type of accidental spill occurs, the CTI will rise suddenly due to changes in the color and turbidity of the water.

[0077] In the embodiments disclosed herein, the CTI reducer is selected from the group consisting of the following (at least one CTI reducer must be used, including combinations thereof): Biological agents, including but not limited to, species of microorganisms known for their water-clarifying properties; enzyme preparations designed to break down specific organic substances that cause turbidity; and natural plant extracts with known water-purifying properties. Natural mineral agents, including but not limited to zeolite, activated carbon and bentonite clay; Oxidizing agents, including but not limited to hydrogen peroxide, ozone, chlorine dioxide; calcium hypochlorite, sodium hypochlorite, and potassium persulfate; Chelating agents, including but not limited to ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), aminotriacetic acid (NTA), and diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA); pH adjusters, including but not limited to sodium hydroxide, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, sodium bicarbonate and calcium carbonate; Flocculants and / or coagulants, including but not limited to polyacrylamide, ferric chloride, alum, aluminum sulfate; ferric sulfate and polyaluminum chloride; The choice of a suitable CTI reducing agent is closely related to the specific cause of coloration and turbidity in the water. In cases where water exhibits a high CTI due to the presence of metals, oxidants such as hydrogen peroxide, ozone, or calcium hypochlorite can be used. The concentration range of these agents is typically 0.1 ppm to 15 ppm, but the precise amount may vary depending on the intensity of the coloration. These oxidants react with the metals, converting them into an insoluble form that is more easily filtered.

[0078] When algal blooms are the primary contributor to high CTI (Chemical Turbidity Intake), agents with algicidal properties are required. Natural plant extracts or enzymes specifically designed to degrade organic matter causing turbidity can be introduced. Concentrations typically range from 0.1 ppm to 50 ppm, depending on the extent of algal presence.

[0079] For turbidity caused by bacterial contamination, it is recommended to use agents with bactericidal properties, such as those containing microorganisms known for their water-clarifying properties. The concentration can be any value from 0.1 ppm to 100 ppm, depending on the level of bacterial contamination. When using natural mineral agents such as zeolite or activated carbon to address discoloration and turbidity, a range of 0.5 mg / L to 500 mg / L is typical. However, for stronger agents such as bentonite clay, concentrations of 0.2 mg / L to 100 mg / L may be sufficient.

[0080] In addition to the agents mentioned above, other types of reagents with bactericidal or algicidal activity can also be used. For example, for this purpose, oxidants such as calcium hypochlorite or sodium hypochlorite at concentrations of 0.1 ppm to 30 ppm can be used.

[0081] Chelating agents such as EDTA or NTA are used to bind and neutralize metals that cause discoloration, typically at concentrations ranging from 0.1 ppm to 30 ppm. Finally, when treating turbidity with flocculants or coagulants, reagents such as polyacrylamide or ferric chloride can be introduced at concentrations ranging from 0.1 ppm to 25 ppm. These reagents bind fine particles together, making them large enough to be effectively filtered out.

[0082] In the embodiments disclosed herein, a benchmarking scheme is used to determine the attenuation index, which compares a control sample of water without a CTI reducer to a sample with which a CTI reducer has been applied. This comparison method ensures a quantitative assessment of the CTI reducer's effect against a stable reference point. The control sample serves as a baseline, representing the natural state of water without CTI reducer intervention. The baseline provides a clear, unaffected reference point against which all changes can be identified. For example, if the CTI value of a water body is 100, this number serves as the starting point for any subsequent treatment. On the other hand, samples treated with a CTI reducer show the potential changes that may occur to water quality. This provides a clear measurement of the reagent's effectiveness. For example, if the CTI value drops to 60 after introducing a specific reagent into lagoon water, it indicates a 40% reduction in the chromaticity and turbidity index.

[0083] In an illustrative embodiment, consider a scenario where a container holds 1 liter of algae-contaminated water with a CTI value of 40. A CTI reducer is then introduced into the water sample. After one hour, the sample's CTI is 2, resulting in a 95% reduction per hour.

[0084] In embodiments disclosed herein, the method includes the step of continuously or periodically monitoring the CTI after the introduction of a CTI reducer, and reintroducing an effective amount of the CTI reducer as needed to maintain the CTI below 19. In another embodiment of this disclosure, the step of introducing an effective amount of the CTI reducer is performed automatically in response to a real-time CTI measurement. This provides a method for rapidly changing the properties of water without delay when needed.

[0085] This disclosure also includes a reagent introduction module configured to release an effective amount of CTI reducer into the water. The reagent introduction module is equipped with a dosing system selected from the group consisting of pumps, drip systems, Venturi syringes, diaphragm metering pumps, powder dissolution systems, ultrasonic dosing systems, syringes, etc. In embodiments of this disclosure, the reagent introduction module is equipped with an automated dosing system responsive to CTI measurement, such as, but not limited to, a system based on a programmable logic controller. This enables the rapid introduction of an effective amount of CTI reducer without delay.

[0086] In another embodiment of this disclosure, the CTI reducer is combined with other water treatment chemicals, enhancers or modifiers and incorporated into the water body.

[0087] The dual methods and systems disclosed herein are applied to artificial water bodies selected from the group consisting of: freshwater bodies, saltwater or brackish water bodies, brackish water, estuaries, artificial reservoirs, lakes, ponds, lagoons, rivers, streams, bays, inlets, coves, straits, fjords, springs, and combinations thereof. Furthermore, the water body may be part of a recreational facility, water park, resort, urban beach recreation complex, or natural water reserve intended for public or private use.

[0088] Example The following examples illustrate preferred embodiments of the invention. Those skilled in the art will understand that the techniques disclosed in the following examples represent techniques discovered by the inventors that perform well in implementing the invention, and therefore can be considered as preferred modes of implementation. However, those skilled in the art will understand that many variations can be made based on this disclosure in the specific embodiments disclosed, and similar or analogous results can still be obtained without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

[0089] The examples shown below are prophetic. These prophetic examples are used to describe embodiments of the invention based on prediction results. These prophetic examples are provided for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting the invention.

[0090] Example 1: Identification of CTI reducing agents To determine the appropriate CTI reducer and its concentration to address elevated CTI in large lagoons, a systematic approach was adopted in the absence of prior information on the suspended particles causing the problem or on the appropriate CTI reducer to be used.

[0091] First, the nature of the suspended particles causing the elevated chromatic turbidity index (CTI) can be determined to subsequently identify the optimal CTI reducer. In this context, a multifaceted experimental approach is employed. A representative sample of 1 liter of lagoon water is collected. Then, using an optical microscope with transmission and polarization microscopy capabilities, a drop of the water sample is placed on a microscope slide and examined at different magnifications. This helps to identify larger particles, such as algae or other visible contaminants, by visually examining common features. The presence of characteristic green or blue-green cells will indicate algae, while cloudy or moving particles may indicate bacteria. Further validation of the presence of bacteria or algae is achieved using culture-based assays. The water sample is serially diluted and incubated on sterile petri dishes containing agar media targeting different types of bacteria and algae. After incubation, the different microorganisms present can be identified and quantified, allowing for the determination of a CTI reducer based on their specific contribution. For the detection of metal ions, which may also contribute to water turbidity, instruments such as atomic absorption spectrophotometers (AAS) or inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometers (ICP-MS) are used. By introducing water samples into AAS or ICP-MS, the presence and concentration of various metal ions in the sample can be determined. Elevated levels of metals such as iron or copper indicate metal contamination.

[0092] Once the nature of the suspended particles is determined, the next step is to conduct a series of experiments to identify the optimal CTI reducer. For metallic contaminants, different concentrations of various oxidants, such as hydrogen peroxide, ozone, or calcium hypochlorite, are tested. The effectiveness of each oxidant is assessed based on the decrease in CTI they produce after one hour. In cases where microbial bloom is identified as the primary cause of elevated CTI, different biocides are tested, including natural plant extracts or specific enzymes designed to degrade biomass. The effectiveness of each agent is determined by measuring the decrease in CTI produced at different concentrations. The required agents and their concentrations are determined by the CTI reduction they produce. If the CTI remains high after these treatments, further testing is conducted using natural mineral agents, chelating agents, flocculants, or coagulants. Through these rigorous methods, the optimal CTI reducer and its concentration can be identified and used to ensure that the water in large lagoons remains clear and aesthetically pleasing.

[0093] In this context, a series of dilutions of potential CTI reducers, covering a variety of concentrations, were prepared. Each dilution was introduced into a single aliquot of 1 liter of collected water sample. The CTI of each aliquot was determined before and after the introduction of the potential CTI reducer and allowing each aliquot to stand for one hour. The decay index for each concentration was then calculated based on the change in CTI value. The decay index represents the minimum percentage decrease in CTI required within a specified time period. According to the threshold of the invention, a reagent or combination of reagents that achieves or exceeds a decay index of 90% per hour is identified as a CTI reducer.

[0094] Specifically, the initial CTI value of a 1-liter sample of lagoon water was 100. After testing with various concentrations of the oxidant calcium hypochlorite, it was determined that at 10 ppm, the CTI value dropped to 9 after one hour, corresponding to a 91% reduction in CTI. Since the decay index threshold corresponds to 90% per hour, such oxidants at concentrations above 10 ppm can be considered CTI reducers. Once the optimal reagent and concentration are determined in the laboratory, the reagent is applied to the lagoon. After application in the lagoon, the CTI must be continuously monitored to ensure that the desired level is consistently achieved, and the dosing or application method should be adjusted as necessary. This method allows for the precise determination of the optimal CTI reducer and its concentration, and its effective application in maintaining the clarity and aesthetics of large lagoons.

[0095] It is important to note that this test is not necessarily necessary if the suspended particles causing the problem and the appropriate CTI reducer and its concentration are known in advance.

[0096] Example 2: Dual Approach The span is 25,000 m² 2 The volume is 37,500 m³. 3 The large water body is equipped with facilities designed for managing 91,800 m³ 3 The daily flow rate is lower than that of a standard centralized filtration system. For comparison, a conventional swimming pool filtration system would require at least 37,500 m³ / day. 3 ×4 times / day = 150,000 m 3 The system's filtration capacity is approximately 61% of that of similar swimming pools.

[0097] Initially, this basic system in the large body of water struggled to maintain an optimal CTI, close to 25 as determined by measurements using the Freyr colorimeter and turbidity units (NTU), indicating its inefficiency in purifying water to the required level.

[0098] To maintain a CTI below 19, 20 ppm of calcium hypochlorite (a CTI reducer) was introduced into the water, and algal growth was visually assessed. This reagent was specifically introduced to optimize the removal of suspended particles generated by algae, and was subsequently applied in this method to reduce the CTI.

[0099] The process begins with meticulous measurement and precise management of the reagent to ensure its effective interaction with the water. After applying the CTI reducer, we observed a significant reduction in CTI to below 19, indicating a significant improvement in water clarity. This process was repeated whenever the CTI rose above 19 again, ensuring it remained below 19 (as shown in the image). Figure 1 (As shown).

[0100] The combination of CTI reducers and a centralized filtration system has successfully transformed the water quality of a large artificial lagoon. The water, initially characterized by elevated CTI levels and poor filtration, now exhibits significantly improved clarity and quality, with almost complete removal of suspended particles over extended periods, meeting and exceeding required standards.

[0101] Having described the preferred aspects and embodiments of this disclosure, variations and equivalents of the disclosed concept will readily occur to those skilled in the art. However, it is intended that such variations and equivalents be included within the scope of the appended claims. Claims (as amended under Article 19 of the Treaty) 1. A method for eliminating surfaces with a minimum surface area of ​​10,000 m² 2 A dual approach to suspended particles in artificial water bodies, comprising: a. Maintain a continuous substandard centralized filtration flow in the artificial water body, wherein the continuous substandard centralized filtration flow consists of an effective turnover of up to 3 times per day; b. To reduce the CTI by introducing an effective amount of a color turbidity index (CTI) reducer to maintain the CTI below approximately 19 by altering the physicochemical or biological characteristics of the water, wherein the CTI reducer is a reagent or combination of reagents that causes a reduction in the CTI of the water, wherein: i. The ability of a reagent or combination of reagents to be identified as a CTI reducer is determined by the decay index of the CTI reducer; ii. The decay index represents the minimum percentage decrease required for the CTI within a specified time period; and iii. Agents or combinations of agents that meet or exceed a decay index of 90% per hour are defined as CTI reducers; and c. The CTI of this water body is defined by the following mathematical formula: , The color value is a quantitative representation of the water on the Freyr colorimetric table, and the turbidity level represents the clarity of the water in turbidity units. 2. The method of claim 1 further includes using the chromatic turbidity index (CTI) to monitor environmental changes in the water body over time, thereby detecting increases in algal blooms and potential pollution events. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the CTI reducing agent is selected from the group consisting of: biological agents; oxidizing agents; chelating agents; pH adjusters; flocculants and / or coagulants; or combinations thereof. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the attenuation index is determined using a benchmarking procedure that compares a control sample of water without the CTI reducer with a sample containing the CTI reducer. 5. The method of claim 1, further comprising the steps of continuously or periodically monitoring CTI after the introduction of the CTI reducer and, as needed, reintroducing an effective amount of the CTI reducer to maintain CTI below about 19. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the threshold of about 19 is predetermined based on the desired aesthetic appeal or safety standards. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the chromaticity turbidity index is automatically maintained. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of introducing an effective amount of the CTI reducer is performed automatically in real time. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the CTI reducer is combined with other water treatment chemicals, enhancers or modifiers and incorporated into the water body. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the artificial water body is selected from the group consisting of: freshwater bodies, saline or brackish water bodies, brackish water, estuaries, artificial reservoirs, lakes, ponds, lagoons, rivers, streams, bays, coves, bays, straits, fjords, springs, and combinations thereof. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein the body of water forms part of an entertainment facility, water park, resort, urban beach entertainment complex, or natural water reserve. 12. A method for regulating a basic continuous filtration flow with a minimum surface area of ​​10,000 m² 2 A system of water body properties, comprising: a. A reagent introduction module, equipped with a dosing system, configured to release an effective amount of a CTI reducer into the water body if the CTI exceeds approximately 19, wherein the CTI reducer is selected to reduce the CTI by altering the physicochemical or biological characteristics of the water; and b. The CTI of this water body is defined by the following mathematical formula: , The color value is a quantitative representation of the water on the Freyr colorimetric table, and the turbidity level represents the clarity of the water in turbidity units; and c. The system is configured to maintain a continuous, substandard centralized filtration flow in the water body, and the continuous, substandard centralized filtration flow includes an effective turnover of up to 3 times per day. 13. The system of claim 12, wherein the reagent introduction module is equipped with an automatic dosing system. 14. The system of claim 12, wherein the CTI reducer is selected from the group consisting of: biological agents; oxidants; chelating agents; pH adjusters; flocculants and / or coagulants; or combinations thereof. 15. The system of claim 12, wherein the water body is selected from the group consisting of: freshwater bodies, saline or brackish water bodies, brackish water, estuaries, artificial reservoirs, lakes, ponds, lagoons, rivers, streams, bays, coves, bays, straits, fjords, springs, and combinations thereof. 16. The system of claim 12, wherein the water body is included in a recreational facility, water park, resort, urban beach recreation complex, or natural water reserve intended for public or private use.

Claims

1. A method for eliminating surfaces with a minimum surface area of ​​10,000 m² 2 A dual approach to suspended particles in artificial water bodies, comprising: a. Maintain a continuous flow rate lower than that of a standard centralized filtration system in this artificial water body; b. To reduce the CTI by introducing an effective amount of a color turbidity index (CTI) reducer to maintain the CTI below approximately 19 by altering the physicochemical or biological characteristics of the water, wherein the CTI reducer is a reagent or combination of reagents that causes a reduction in the CTI of the water, wherein: i. The ability of a reagent or combination of reagents to be identified as a CTI reducer is determined by the decay index of the CTI reducer; ii. The decay index represents the minimum percentage decrease required for the CTI to occur within a specified time period; and iii. Agents or combinations of agents that meet or exceed a decay index of 90% per hour are defined as CTI reducers; and c. The CTI of this water body is defined by the following mathematical formula: 。 2. The method of claim 1 further includes using the chromatic turbidity index (CTI) to monitor environmental changes in the water body over time, thereby detecting increases in algal blooms and potential pollution events.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the CTI reducing agent is selected from the group consisting of: biological agents, including microbial species with water clarification properties; enzyme preparations designed to decompose specific organic substances that cause turbidity; natural plant extracts with water purification properties; natural mineral agents, including zeolite, activated carbon, and bentonite clay; oxidizing agents, including hydrogen peroxide, ozone, chlorine dioxide, calcium hypochlorite, and potassium persulfate; chelating agents, including ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), aminotriacetic acid (NTA), and diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA); pH adjusters, including sodium hydroxide, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, sodium bicarbonate, and calcium carbonate; flocculants and / or coagulants, including polyacrylamide, ferric chloride, alum, aluminum sulfate, ferric sulfate, and polyaluminum chloride; or combinations thereof.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the attenuation index is determined using a benchmarking procedure that compares a control sample of water without the CTI reducer with a sample containing the CTI reducer.

5. The method of claim 1, further comprising the steps of continuously or periodically monitoring CTI after the introduction of the CTI reducer and, as needed, reintroducing an effective amount of the CTI reducer to maintain CTI below about 19.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the threshold of about 19 is predetermined based on the desired aesthetic appeal or safety standards.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the chromaticity turbidity index is automatically maintained.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of introducing an effective amount of the CTI reducer is performed automatically in real time.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the CTI reducer is combined with other water treatment chemicals, enhancers or modifiers and incorporated into the water body.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein the artificial water body is selected from the group consisting of: freshwater bodies, saline or brackish water bodies, brackish water, estuaries, artificial reservoirs, lakes, ponds, lagoons, rivers, streams, bays, coves, bays, straits, fjords, springs, and combinations thereof.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein the body of water forms part of an entertainment facility, water park, resort, urban beach entertainment complex, or natural water reserve.

12. A method for regulating a basic continuous filtration flow with a minimum surface area of ​​10,000 m² 2 A system of water body properties, the system comprising: a. A reagent introduction module, equipped with a dosing system, configured to release an effective amount of a CTI reducer into the water body if the CTI exceeds approximately 19, wherein the CTI reducer is selected to reduce the CTI by altering the physicochemical or biological characteristics of the water; and b. The CTI of this water body is defined by the following mathematical formula: 。 13. The system of claim 12, wherein the reagent introduction module is equipped with an automatic dosing system.

14. The system of claim 12, wherein, The CTI reducer is selected from the group consisting of: biological agents, including microbial species with water clarification properties; enzyme preparations that decompose specific organic substances that cause turbidity; natural plant extracts with water purification properties; natural mineral agents, including zeolite, activated carbon, and bentonite clay; oxidizing agents, including hydrogen peroxide, ozone, and chlorine dioxide; calcium hypochlorite and potassium persulfate; chelating agents, including ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), aminotriacetic acid (NTA), and diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA); pH adjusters, including sodium hydroxide, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, sodium bicarbonate, and calcium carbonate; flocculants and / or coagulants, including polyacrylamide, ferric chloride, alum, aluminum sulfate, ferric sulfate, and polyaluminum chloride; or combinations thereof.

15. The system of claim 12, wherein the water body is selected from the group consisting of: freshwater bodies, saline or brackish water bodies, brackish water, estuaries, artificial reservoirs, lakes, ponds, lagoons, rivers, streams, bays, coves, bays, straits, fjords, springs, and combinations thereof.

16. The system of claim 12, wherein the water body is included in a recreational facility, water park, resort, urban beach recreation complex, or natural water reserve intended for public or private use.

Images