Compositions containing anhydride / acid-functionalized ethylene / alpha-olefin interpolymers and silane-functionalized tackifiers

Abstract

A composition comprising at least the following components a through c: a) an acid anhydride and / or carboxylic acid functionalized ethylene / alpha-olefin interpolymer having the following properties: i) a melt viscosity (177°C) of less than or equal to 50,000 mPa-s; and ii) a density of 0.855 g / cc to 0.895 g / cc; b) a silane functionalized hydrocarbon tackifier; and c) a hydrogenated hydrocarbon tackifier.

Description

Background Technology

[0001] Packaging hot melt adhesives (HMAs) are typically formulated with low-viscosity polymers, tackifiers, and waxes to form a final composition with given performance characteristics. The design and selection of components can significantly influence the adhesion of the HMA to substrates, especially those containing acrylic polymers, such as BOPP (biaxially oriented polypropylene) film-laminated corrugated cardboard. What is desired are HMA compositions that exhibit good adhesion to acrylic polymer-containing substrates over a wide temperature range (e.g., -20°C to 60°C).

[0002] US Patent Publication 2015 / 0166853 discloses a composition comprising: A) an anhydride and / or carboxylic acid-functionalized ethylene / α-olefin interpolymer having the following properties: i) a melt viscosity (177°C) less than or equal to 50,000 cP; ii) a MWD of 1.5 to 5; and iii) a density of 0.855 g / cc to 0.900 g / cc; B) a tackifier; and C) a wax. See abstract. Such compositions can be used to bond “difficult-to-bond” substrates (see paragraph

[0002] ). This composition can be used with the following substrates: wax-coated kraft paper or paperboard, polyethylene-coated kraft paper or paperboard, BOPP film-laminated kraft paper or paperboard, polypropylene (PP) film-laminated kraft paper or paperboard, PET film-laminated kraft paper or paperboard, clay-coated kraft paper or paperboard, varnish-coated kraft paper or paperboard, and combinations thereof (see paragraphs

[0092] -

[0100] ). Examples of tackifying resins include aliphatic, alicyclic, and aromatic hydrocarbons, as well as modified hydrocarbons and hydrogenated variants; terpenes and modified terpenes and hydrogenated variants; rosin and rosin derivatives and hydrogenated variants; and mixtures thereof (see paragraph

[0079] ).

[0003] US Patent Publication 2021 / 0198473 discloses a composition comprising an acid and / or anhydride-grafted ethylene / α-olefin interpolymer having the following properties: A) a graft number ≥ 1.80 per polymer chain, and B) a melt viscosity (at 177°C) ≤ 50,000 mPa·s (see abstract). This composition can be used with “difficult-to-bond” substrates (see paragraphs

[0001] -

[0002] ). Examples of tackifiers include aliphatic, alicyclic, and aromatic hydrocarbons, as well as modified hydrocarbons and hydrogenated variants; terpenes and modified terpenes and hydrogenated variants; rosin and rosin derivatives, as well as hydrogenated variants; and mixtures of two or more of these tackifiers (see paragraph

[0081] ).

[0004] U.S. Patent 10,954,420 discloses a curable petroleum resin comprising repeating units derived from petroleum resin monomers, repeating units derived from silane monomers, and repeating units derived from C3-C20 α-olefin monomers. This curable petroleum resin is disclosed as an additive in reactive polyolefin adhesive compositions to improve adhesive strength to polyolefin substrates used in various components. See abstract. Reactive polyolefin adhesive compositions are prepared by mixing a polyolefin base polymer with a catalyst for the curing reaction and a petroleum resin for increasing adhesive strength (see column 4, lines 55-58). The polyolefin base polymer can be a polyalphaolefin, a single polyolefin, a copolymer thereof, or a blend thereof. The polyalphaolefin can be a polyalphaolefin prepared by copolymerizing linear α-olefins such as 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-heptene, 1-octene, 1-decene, 1-undecene, 1-dodecene, 1-tetradecene, 1-hexadecene, and 1-eicosene. Polyolefins can be polyethylene, polypropylene, or copolymers thereof. If desired, polyalphaolefins and polyolefins can be used as is, or they can be modified with silanes (see column 10, line 63 to column 11, line 5).

[0005] EP3480225A2 discloses a curable petroleum resin comprising repeating units derived from petroleum resin monomers, repeating units derived from silane monomers, and repeating units derived from cyclic anhydride monomers. This curable petroleum resin is disclosed as an additive in reactive polyolefin adhesive compositions to improve adhesive strength to polyolefin substrates used in various components. See the abstract. In reactive polyolefin adhesive compositions, the petroleum resin is mixed with a polyolefin base polymer to improve adhesive strength together with a catalyst used for the curing reaction (see paragraph

[0037] ). As an example, the polyolefin base polymer can be a polyalphaolefin, a single polyolefin, a copolymer thereof, or a blend thereof. Polyalphaolefins can be obtained by copolymerizing linear alphaolefins such as 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-heptene, 1-octene, 1-decene, 1-undecene, 1-dodecene, 1-tetradecene, 1-hexadecene, and 1-eicosene, and the polyolefin can be a single polyethylene or polypropylene, or a copolymer thereof. If necessary, poly-α-olefins and polyolefins can be used as is or modified with silane (see paragraph

[0083] ).

[0006] Additional adhesive compositions and / or their components are disclosed in the following references: EP3647333 A1, WO2009 / 029476, US7199180 and Technical Datasheet: HRR-100, Kolon Industries, May 25, 2021.

[0007] However, improving adhesion to substrates containing propylene polymers remains challenging. HMA compositions exhibiting good adhesion to propylene polymer-containing substrates over a wide temperature range are still needed. This need is addressed as discussed below. Summary of the Invention

[0008] A composition comprising at least the following components a to c:

[0009] a) Anhydride and / or carboxylic acid functionalized ethylene / α-olefin interpolymers, which have the following properties:

[0010] i) Melt viscosity (177°C) less than or equal to 50,000 mPa·s; and

[0011] ii) Density ranging from 0.855 g / cc to 0.895 g / cc;

[0012] b) Silane-functionalized hydrocarbon thickeners;

[0013] c) Hydrogenated hydrocarbon thickeners. Detailed Implementation

[0014] Compositions exhibiting excellent adhesion to substrates containing propylene polymers have been discovered. ≥80% fiber tear resistance has been achieved within a temperature range of -20°C to 60°C.

[0015] As discussed above, a composition is provided comprising at least the following components a to c:

[0016] a) Anhydride and / or carboxylic acid functionalized ethylene / α-olefin interpolymers, which have the following properties:

[0017] i) Melt viscosity (177°C) less than or equal to 50,000 mPa·s; and

[0018] ii) Density ranging from 0.855 g / cc to 0.895 g / cc;

[0019] b) Silane-functionalized hydrocarbon thickeners;

[0020] c) Hydrogenated hydrocarbon thickeners.

[0021] The composition may comprise a combination of two or more embodiments as described herein. Each component a, component b, and component c may independently comprise a combination of two or more embodiments as described herein.

[0022] In one embodiment or a combination of two or more embodiments described herein, component a has a temperature of ≥40°C, or ≥45°C, or ≥50°C, or ≥52°C, or 54°C, or ≥56°C, or ≥58°C, or ≥60°C, or ≥62°C, or 64°C, or ≥66°C. and / or Melting point (Tm) of ≤100℃, or ≤90℃, or ≤85℃, or ≤80℃, or ≤78℃, or ≤76℃, or ≤74℃, or ≤72℃, or ≤70℃.

[0023] In one embodiment or a combination of two or more embodiments each described herein, component a is an anhydride and / or a carboxylic acid-functionalized ethylene / α-olefin copolymer.

[0024] In one embodiment or a combination of two or more embodiments each described herein, the silane of the silane-functionalized hydrocarbon thickener (component b) is derived from a silane monomer selected from the group consisting of: vinyltrimethylsilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, triacetoxyvinylsilane, triphenylvinylsilane, tris(2-methoxyethoxy)vinylsilane, 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate, γ-(meth)acryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, and mixtures thereof; and further selected from the group consisting of vinyltrimethylsilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, and mixtures thereof.

[0025] In one embodiment or a combination of two or more embodiments each described herein, the hydrogenated hydrocarbon thickener (component c) has a strength of ≤2000 mPa·s, or ≤1800 mPa·s, or ≤1600 mPa·s, or ≤1400 mPa·s, or ≤1200 mPa·s, or ≤1000 mPa·s, or ≤950 mPa·s, or ≤900 mPa·s, or ≤850 mPa·s. and / or Melt viscosity (160°C, Brookfield) of ≥200 mPa·s, or ≥300 mPa·s, or ≥400 mPa·s, or ≥500 mPa·s, or ≥600 mPa·s, or ≥650 mPa·s, or ≥700 mPa·s, or ≥750 mPa·s.

[0026] In one embodiment or a combination of two or more embodiments each described herein, the weight ratio of component a to component b is ≥1.0, or ≥1.2, or ≥1.5, or ≥1.8, or ≥2.0, or ≥2.2, or ≥2.5, or ≥2.8. and / or ≤5.0, ≤4.8, or ≤4.5, or ≤4.2, or ≤4.0, or ≤3.8, or ≤3.5, or ≤3.2.

[0027] In one embodiment or a combination of two or more embodiments each described herein, the composition further comprises an ethylene / α-olefin interpolymer as component d.

[0028] In one embodiment or a combination of two or more embodiments each described herein, component d has ≥0.855 g / cc, or ≥0.856 g / cc, or ≥0.858 g / cc, or ≥0.860 g / cc, or ≥0.862 g / cc, or ≥0.865 g / cc, or ≥0.868 g / cc, or ≥0.870 g / cc, or ≥0.872 g / cc, or ≥0.873 g / cc. and / or ≤0.895g / cc, or ≤0.894g / cc, or ≤0.892g / cc, or ≤0.890g / cc, or ≤0.888g / cc, or ≤0.886g / cc, or ≤0.884g / cc, or ≤0.882g / cc, or ≤0.880g / cc, or ≤0.878g / cc, or ≤0.876g / cc (1cc=1cm) 3 The density of ).

[0029] In one embodiment or a combination of two or more embodiments each described herein, component d has a strength of ≥5,000 mPa·s, or ≥6,000 mPa·s, or ≥8,000 mPa·s, or ≥10,000 mPa·s, or ≥12,000 mPa·s, or ≥14,000 mPa·s, or ≥15,000 mPa·s, or ≥16,000 mPa·s. and / or Melt viscosity (177°C) ≤50,000 mPa·s, or ≤45,000 mPa·s, or ≤40,000 mPa·s, or ≤35,000 mPa·s, or ≤30,000 mPa·s, or ≤28,000 mPa·s, or ≤26,000 mPa·s, or ≤24,000 mPa·s, or ≤22,000 mPa·s, or ≤20,000 mPa·s, or ≤18,000 mPa·s.

[0030] In one embodiment or a combination of two or more embodiments described herein, component d has a temperature of ≥40°C, or ≥45°C, or ≥50°C, or ≥52°C, or 54°C, or ≥56°C, or ≥58°C, or ≥60°C, or ≥62°C, or 64°C, or ≥66°C, or ≥68°C. and / or Melting point (Tm) ≤100℃, or ≤90℃, or ≤85℃, or ≤80℃, or ≤78℃, or ≤76℃, or ≤74℃, or ≤72℃, or ≤71℃.

[0031] In one embodiment or a combination of two or more embodiments each described herein, component d is an ethylene / α-olefin copolymer.

[0032] In one embodiment or a combination of two or more embodiments each described herein, the weight ratio of component d to component a is ≥1.0, or ≥1.5, or ≥2.0, or ≥2.5, or ≥3.0, or ≥3.2, or ≥3.5, or ≥3.8. and / or ≤8.0, or ≤7.5, or ≤7.0, or ≤6.5, or ≤6.0, or ≤5.5, or ≤5.0, or ≤4.8, or ≤4.5, or ≤4.2.

[0033] In one embodiment or a combination of two or more embodiments each described herein, the density ratio of component d to component a is ≥0.80, ≥0.82, ≥0.85, ≥0.88, ≥0.90, ≥0.92, or ≥0.95. and / or ≤1.20, or ≤1.15, or ≤1.10, or ≤1.08, or ≤1.05, or ≤1.02, or ≤1.00.

[0034] In one embodiment or a combination of two or more embodiments each described herein, the ratio of the melt viscosity (177°C) of component d to the melt viscosity (177°C) of component a is ≥0.90, or ≥0.95, or ≥1.00, or ≥1.05, or 1.10, or ≥1.15, or ≥1.20, or ≥1.25, or ≥1.30. and / or ≤2.00, or ≤1.90, or ≤1.80, or ≤1.70, or ≤1.60, or ≤1.50, or ≤1.45, or ≤1.35.

[0035] In one embodiment or a combination of two or more embodiments each described herein, the composition further comprises wax as component e.

[0036] In one embodiment or a combination of two or more embodiments each described herein, the composition further comprises at least one additive as component f, and also comprises at least one antioxidant.

[0037] In one embodiment or a combination of two or more embodiments each described herein, the composition comprises, based on weight, ≥10% by weight, or ≥15% by weight, or ≥20% by weight, or ≥25% by weight, or ≥30% by weight, or ≥32% by weight, or ≥34% by weight, or ≥36% by weight, or ≥38% by weight, or ≥40% by weight, or ≥42% by weight, or ≥45% by weight. and / orThe sum of components a, b, and c, ≤80% by weight, or ≤70% by weight, or ≤60% by weight, or ≤58% by weight, or ≤56% by weight, or ≤54% by weight, or ≤52% by weight, or ≤50% by weight, or ≤49% by weight.

[0038] In one embodiment or a combination of two or more embodiments each described herein, the composition comprises, based on weight, ≥50% by weight, or ≥52% by weight, or ≥55% by weight, or ≥58% by weight, or ≥60% by weight, or ≥62% by weight, or ≥65% by weight, or ≥68% by weight, or ≥70% by weight, or ≥72% by weight, or ≥75% by weight, or ≥78% by weight. and / or The sum of components a, b, c and d, ≤90% by weight, or ≤88% by weight, or ≤86% by weight, or ≤84% by weight, or ≤82% by weight, or ≤81% by weight.

[0039] In one embodiment or a combination of two or more embodiments each described herein, the weight ratio of component a to component b is ≥0.50, or ≥0.55, or ≥0.60, or ≥0.65, or ≥0.70, or ≥0.72, or ≥0.75, or ≥0.78. and / or ≤2.00, ≤1.80, or ≤1.50, or ≤1.20, or ≤1.10, or ≤1.00, or ≤0.90, or ≤0.85.

[0040] In one embodiment or a combination of two or more embodiments each described herein, the composition has ≥60%, or ≥65%, or ≥70%, or ≥75%, or ≥80%. and / or ≤100% fiber tearing at -20℃.

[0041] In one embodiment or a combination of two or more embodiments each described herein, the composition has ≥80%, or ≥85%, or ≥90%, or ≥95%. and / or ≤100% fiber tearing at 60℃.

[0042] In one embodiment or a combination of two or more embodiments each described herein, the composition is an adhesive, and more particularly a hot melt adhesive or a pressure-sensitive adhesive, and more particularly a hot melt adhesive.

[0043] An article is also provided comprising a composition of any one embodiment or a combination of two or more embodiments described herein. An article is also provided comprising at least one component formed of a composition of any one embodiment or a combination of two or more embodiments described herein.

[0044] In one embodiment or a combination of two or more embodiments described herein, the article comprises a substrate containing a propylene polymer. In one embodiment or a combination of two or more embodiments described herein, the substrate is BOPP film-laminated corrugated cardboard.

[0045] A method for forming an adhesive is also provided, the method comprising mixing a composition of any one embodiment or a combination of two or more embodiments each described herein. An adhesive is also provided that is formed from a composition of any one embodiment or a combination of two or more embodiments each described herein; or formed by a method of any one embodiment or a combination of two or more embodiments each described herein.

[0046] Anhydride and / or carboxylic acid-functionalized ethylene / α-olefin interpolymers (component a)

[0047] "Anhydride and / or carboxylic acid functionalized ethylene / α-olefin interpolymers" are ethylene / α-olefin interpolymers having an anhydride moiety and / or carboxylic acid moiety bonded to the ethylene / α-olefin interpolymer chain (e.g., an anhydride moiety grafted to the ethylene / α-olefin interpolymer chain). Non-limiting examples of suitable anhydrides include maleic anhydride (MAH), itaconic anhydride, citraconic anhydride, tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, bromomaleic anhydride, chloromaleic anhydride, nadic anhydride, methylnadic anhydride, and alkenyl succinic anhydride. As known in the art, one or more anhydride groups can hydrolyze upon exposure to moisture, such as moisture in the atmosphere, to form carboxylic acid groups.

[0048] Ethylene / α-olefin interpolymers include ethylene / α-olefin copolymers. Non-limiting examples of suitable α-olefins include C3–C20 α-olefins, or C3–C10 α-olefins, or C3–C8 α-olefins. Representative α-olefins include propylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-heptene, and 1-octene. The interpolymer or copolymer is a random interpolymer or copolymer (i.e., the polymer comprises a random distribution of its monomer components).

[0049] Ethylene / α-olefin interpolymer (component d)

[0050] Ethylene / α-olefin interpolymers include ethylene and α-olefins in polymeric form. α-olefins include, but are not limited to, C3-C20 α-olefins, other C3-C10 α-olefins, and other C3-C8 α-olefins, such as propylene, 1-butene, 1-hexene, and 1-octene.

[0051] Silane-functionalized hydrocarbon thickener (component b)

[0052] Silane-functionalized hydrocarbon tackifiers are hydrocarbon tackifiers containing silane groups. These silane groups are typically derived from one or more silane monomers. See, for example, U.S. Patent 10,954,420, which is incorporated herein by reference. The monomer distribution in the polymeric structure of the tackifier can be random, alternating, block, grafted, or star-block.

[0053] Hydrogenated hydrocarbon thickener (component c)

[0054] Tackifiers are known in the art and can be solid, semi-solid, or liquid at room temperature. The term "hydrogenated hydrocarbon tackifier" and similar terms refer to hydrocarbon resins that have been fully or partially hydrogenated. Such tackifiers undergo a hydrogenation process. Hydrogenation is a reduction reaction that results in the addition of hydrogen to molecules, polymers, etc., and generally refers to the addition of hydrogen atoms to olefin and / or alkyne groups present in the molecular or polymer structure. Hydrogenation is typically carried out under catalytic conditions, such as in the presence of nickel, palladium, or platinum. Hydrogenation can result in complete or total hydrogenation, where all unsaturated bonds (e.g., olefins and / or alkynes) are saturated upon hydrogenation; or it can result in partial hydrogenation, where some of the unsaturated bonds are retained after hydrogenation.

[0055] Wax (component e)

[0056] Waxes include, but are not limited to, paraffin wax; microcrystalline wax; high-density, low-molecular-weight polyethylene wax or polypropylene wax; thermally degradable wax; by-product polyethylene wax; and Fischer-Tropsch wax. Based on the weight of the composition, the wax may be present in quantities of ≥0.1% by weight, ≥0.5% by weight, ≥1.0% by weight, ≥5.0% by weight, or ≥10% by weight. and / or It is present in amounts of ≤40% by weight, or ≤30% by weight, or ≤20% by weight.

[0057] Oils and other additives

[0058] Non-limiting examples of oils include olefin oligomers, low molecular weight polyolefins (such as liquid polybutene), phthalates, mineral oils (such as naphthenic oils, paraffinic oils, and hydrotreated paraffinic process oils (e.g., CATENEX T 145 oil), hydrogenated (white) oils (e.g., KAYDOL oil), vegetable oils and animal oils and their derivatives, petroleum-derived oils, and combinations thereof. In one embodiment or a combination of two or more embodiments described herein, the oil is selected from mineral oils, hydrogenated oils, hydrotreated oils, or petroleum-derived oils. In one embodiment or a combination of two or more embodiments described herein, the oil is selected from hydrotreated paraffinic process oils.

[0059] The compositions of the present invention may contain one or more additives. In one embodiment, the composition contains at least one antioxidant. The antioxidant prevents the composition from being degraded by reactions with oxygen initiated by substances such as heat, light, or residual catalysts present in commercial materials. Suitable antioxidants include, for example, those commercially available from BASF, such as IRGANOX 1010, IRGANOX B225, IRGANOX 1076, and IRGANOX 1726. These antioxidants, which act as free radical scavengers, can be used alone or in combination with other antioxidants such as phosphite antioxidants (e.g., IRGAFOS 168, also available from BASF). In one embodiment, the composition contains 0.01% by weight, or 0.02% by weight, or 0.04% by weight, or 0.06% by weight, or 0.08% by weight, or 0.10% by weight, or 0.20% by weight. to At least one antioxidant in the amount of 0.30% by weight, or 0.40% by weight, or 0.50% by weight, or 0.60% by weight, or 0.80% by weight, or 1.00% by weight. Weight percentages are based on the total weight of the composition.

[0060] definition

[0061] Unless stated to the contrary, implied by the context or customary in the art, all parts and percentages are by weight, and all test methods are current methods as of the date of this disclosure.

[0062] As used herein, the term "composition" includes mixtures of materials comprising the composition as well as reaction and decomposition products formed from the composition materials. Any reaction or decomposition products are typically present in trace or residual amounts.

[0063] As used herein, the term "polymer" refers to a polymer compound prepared by polymerizing monomers of the same or different types. Therefore, the general term polymer includes the terms homopolymer (used to refer to polymers prepared from only one type of monomer; it should be understood that trace impurities may be incorporated into the polymer structure) and interpolymer, as defined below. Trace impurities (such as catalyst residues) may be incorporated into and / or within the polymer. Typically, polymers are stabilized with very low amounts ("ppm") of one or more stabilizers, such as one or more antioxidants.

[0064] As used herein, the term "interpolymer" refers to a polymer obtained by polymerizing at least two different types of monomers. The term interpolymer therefore includes the term copolymer (used to refer to polymers prepared from two different types of monomers) and polymers prepared from more than two different types of monomers.

[0065] As used herein, the term "olefin-based polymer" refers to a polymer that contains 50% by weight or most of a weight of an olefin (such as ethylene or propylene) in polymeric form (by weight of the polymer) and may optionally contain one or more comonomers.

[0066] As used herein, the term "propylene-based polymer" refers to a polymer that contains a majority weight percentage of propylene (by weight of the polymer) in polymeric form and may optionally contain one or more comonomers.

[0067] As used herein, the term "ethylene-based polymer" means a polymer that contains 50% by weight or most of the weight of ethylene in polymeric form (by weight of the polymer) and may optionally contain one or more comonomers.

[0068] As used herein, the term "ethylene / α-olefin interpolymer" refers to a random interpolymer containing 50% by weight or most of the weight of ethylene (based on the weight of the interpolymer) and α-olefin in polymeric form.

[0069] As used herein, the term "ethylene / α-olefin copolymer" refers to a random copolymer containing 50% by weight or the majority of ethylene (based on the weight of the copolymer) and α-olefin as the only two monomer types.

[0070] The phrase “mostly by weight percentage” as used in this article for polymers (or interpolymers or terpolymers or copolymers) refers to the amount of monomer (in polymeric form) present in the polymer in the largest quantity.

[0071] As used herein, the term "anhydride and / or carboxylic acid-functionalized ethylene / α-olefin interpolymer" refers to an ethylene / α-olefin interpolymer containing anhydride groups and / or carboxylic acid groups bonded to the ethylene / α-olefin interpolymer. See previous discussion. Such anhydride groups can be derived from maleic anhydride or other anhydride compounds. Anhydride groups can be converted into carboxylic acid groups by reacting with water.

[0072] As used in this article, the terms "hydrocarbon," "hydrocarbon group," and similar terms refer to chemical compounds or chemical groups containing only carbon and hydrogen atoms, respectively.

[0073] As used herein, the phrase "substrate comprising (or containing) propylene polymers" refers to a substrate made of a composition comprising propylene polymers, and / or a substrate comprising a film, laminate, or other component containing propylene polymers. Typically, the substrate comprises ≥10% by weight, or ≥20% by weight, or ≥30% by weight of propylene polymers, based on the weight of the substrate.

[0074] The terms “comprising,” “including,” “having,” and their derivatives are not intended to exclude the presence of any additional components, steps, or procedures, whether or not they are specifically disclosed. For the avoidance of any doubt, unless stated to the contrary, all compositions claimed using the term “comprising” may include, for example, any additional additives, adjuvants, or compounds, whether polymerized or otherwise. In contrast, the term “consistently comprising” excludes any other components, steps, or procedures from any subsequently listed scope, except those not essential for operability. The term “consisting of” excludes any ingredients, steps, or procedures not specifically described or listed.

[0075] List of some composition and method characteristics

[0076] A] A composition comprising at least the following components a to c:

[0077] a) Anhydride and / or carboxylic acid functionalized ethylene / α-olefin interpolymers

[0078] It has the following characteristics:

[0079] i) Melt viscosity (177°C) less than or equal to 50,000 mPa·s; and

[0080] ii) Density ranging from 0.855 g / cc to 0.895 g / cc;

[0081] b) Silane-functionalized hydrocarbon thickeners;

[0082] c) Hydrogenated hydrocarbon thickeners.

[0083] B] According to the composition described in A] above, the anhydride and / or carboxylic acid functionalized ethylene / α-olefin interpolymer (component a) has a melt viscosity (177°C) of ≥4,000 mPa·s, or ≥5,000 mPa·s, or ≥6,000 mPa·s, or ≥7,000 mPa·s, or ≥8,000 mPa·s, or 9,000 mPa·s, or ≥10,000 mPa·s.

[0084] C] The composition according to A] or B] above, wherein component a has a melt viscosity (177°C) of ≤48,000 mPa·s, or ≤45,000 mPa·s, or ≤40,000 mPa·s, or ≤35,000 mPa·s, or ≤30,000 mPa·s, or ≤28,000 mPa·s, or ≤26,000 mPa·s, or ≤24,000 mPa·s, or ≤22,000 mPa·s, or ≤20,000 mPa·s, or ≤18,000 mPa·s, or ≤16,000 mPa·s, or ≤14,000 mPa·s, or ≤13,500 mPa·s.

[0085] D] The composition according to any one of A]-C] (A] to C] above, wherein component a has ≥0.856 g / cc, or ≥0.858 g / cc, or ≥0.860 g / cc, or ≥0.862 g / cc, or ≥0.865 g / cc, or ≥0.868 g / cc, or ≥0.870 g / cc, or ≥0.872 g / cc, or ≥0.875 g / cc (1 cc = 1 cm 3 The density of ).

[0086] E] The composition according to any one of A]-D] above, wherein component a has a density of ≤0.894 g / cc, or ≤0.892 g / cc, or ≤0.890 g / cc, or ≤0.888 g / cc, or ≤0.886 g / cc, or ≤0.884 g / cc, or ≤0.882 g / cc, or ≤0.880 g / cc, or ≤0.879 g / cc.

[0087] F] The composition according to any one of A]-E] above, wherein component a has a concentration of ≥200 dg / min, or ≥300 dg / min, or ≥400 dg / min, or ≥500 dg / min, or ≥550 dg / min, or ≥600 dg / min. and / or Melt index (I2) ≤2,000 dg / min, or ≤1,500 dg / min, or ≤1,000 dg / min, or ≤900 dg / min, or ≤800 dg / min, or ≤700 dg / min.

[0088] G] The composition according to any one of A]-F] above, wherein component a has a temperature of ≥40°C, or ≥45°C, or ≥50°C, or ≥52°C, or ≥54°C, or ≥56°C, or ≥58°C, or ≥60°C, or ≥62°C, or ≥64°C, or ≥66°C. and / orMelting point (Tm) of ≤100℃, or ≤90℃, or ≤85℃, or ≤80℃, or ≤78℃, or ≤76℃, or ≤74℃, or ≤72℃, or ≤70℃.

[0089] H] The composition according to any one of A]-G] above, wherein component a has a temperature of ≥-70°C, or ≥-68°C, or ≥-66°C, or ≥-64°C, or ≥-62°C, or ≥

[0090] -60℃ and / or Glass transition temperature (Tg) ≤-40℃, or ≤-45℃, or ≤-48℃, or ≤-50℃, or ≤-52℃, or ≤-55℃.

[0091] I] The composition according to any one of A]-H] above, wherein component a has a content of ≥10%, or ≥12%, or ≥14%, or ≥16%, or ≥18%. and / or Crystallinity percentage ≤50%, or ≤45%, ≤40%, or ≤35%, or ≤30%, or ≤28%, or ≤26%, or ≤24%, or ≤22%.

[0092] J] The composition according to any one of A]-I] above, wherein component a has a concentration of ≥1.2, or ≥1.4, or ≥1.6, or ≥1.8, or ≥2.0. and / or Molecular weight distribution (MWD) ≤5.0, or ≤4.0, or ≤3.5, or ≤3.0, or ≤2.8, or ≤2.6, or ≤2.4, or ≤2.3.

[0093] K] The composition according to any one of A]-J] above, wherein component a is an acid anhydride and / or a carboxylic acid-functionalized ethylene / α-olefin copolymer.

[0094] L] The composition according to any one of A]-K] above, wherein component a is an anhydride and / or carboxylic acid grafted ethylene / α-olefin interpolymer, and further is an anhydride and / or carboxylic acid grafted ethylene / α-olefin copolymer.

[0095] M] The composition according to any one of A]-L] above, wherein, for component a, the α-olefin is a C3-C20 α-olefin, and further is a C3-C10 α-olefin, and further selected from propylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene or 1-octene, and further is propylene, 1-butene, 1-hexene or 1-octene, and further is propylene, 1-butene or 1-octene, and further is 1-butene or 1-octene, and further is 1-octene.

[0096] [N] The composition according to any one of A]-M] above, wherein, based on the weight of component a, component a comprises ≥0.1% by weight, or ≥0.2% by weight, or ≥0.4% by weight, or ≥0.6% by weight, or ≥0.8% by weight, or ≥1.0% by weight, or ≥1.1% by weight. and / or ≤20% by weight, or ≤15% by weight, or ≤10% by weight, or ≤5.0% by weight, or ≤4.0% by weight, or ≤3.5% by weight, or ≤3.0% by weight, or ≤2.5% by weight, or ≤2.0% by weight, or ≤1.8% by weight, or ≤1.6% by weight, or ≤1.4% by weight of anhydride and / or carboxylic acid groups.

[0097] O] The composition according to any one of A]-N] above, wherein the anhydride and / or carboxylic acid groups of the anhydride and / or carboxylic acid functionalized ethylene / α-olefin interpolymer (component a) are derived from maleic anhydride.

[0098] [P] The composition according to any one of A]-O] above, wherein, based on the weight of the composition, the composition comprises ≥5.0% by weight, or ≥5.5% by weight, or ≥6.0% by weight, or ≥6.5% by weight, or ≥7.0% by weight, or ≥7.5% by weight, or ≥8.0% by weight, or ≥8.5% by weight, or ≥9.0% by weight. and / or Component a is ≤60% by weight, or ≤55% by weight, or ≤50% by weight, or ≤45% by weight, or ≤40% by weight, or ≤35% by weight, or ≤30% by weight, or ≤25% by weight, or ≤20% by weight, or ≤15% by weight, or ≤10% by weight.

[0099] Q] The composition according to any one of A]-P] above, wherein the silane-functionalized hydrocarbon thickener (component b) has a concentration of ≥0.90 g / cc, or ≥0.92 g / cc, or ≥0.95 g / cc, or ≥0.98 g / cc, or ≥1.00 g / cc, or ≥1.02 g / cc, or ≥1.05 g / cc, or ≥1.08 g / cc. and / or ≤1.40g / cc, or ≤1.35g / cc, or ≤1.30g / cc, or ≤1.25g / cc, or ≤1.20g / cc, or ≤1.15g / cc (1cc=1cm) 3 The density of ( ). Note that the density is determined using ASTM D 71.

[0100] R] The composition according to any one of A]-Q] above, wherein the silane-functionalized hydrocarbon tackifier (component b) has a temperature of ≥80°C, or ≥85°C, or ≥90°C, or ≥92°C, or 94°C, or ≥96°C, or ≥98°C, or ≥99°C. and / orSoftening point (ring and ball method) of ≤120℃, or ≤115℃, or ≤110℃, or ≤108℃, or ≤106℃, or ≤104℃, or ≤102℃ (ASTM E 28).

[0101] S] The composition according to any one of A]-R] above, wherein the silane of the silane-functionalized hydrocarbon thickener (component b) is derived from a silane monomer selected from the group consisting of: vinyltrimethylsilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, triacetoxyvinylsilane, triphenylvinylsilane, tris(2-methoxyethoxy)-vinylsilane, 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate, γ-(meth)acryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, and mixtures thereof; and further selected from the group consisting of vinyltrimethylsilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, and mixtures thereof.

[0102] [T] The composition according to any one of A]-S] above, wherein, based on the weight of the composition, the composition comprises ≥4.0% by weight, or ≥6.0% by weight, or ≥8.0% by weight, or ≥9.0% by weight, or ≥10% by weight. and / or Component b is ≤60% by weight, or ≤55% by weight, or ≤50% by weight, or ≤45% by weight, or ≤40% by weight, or ≤35% by weight, or ≤30% by weight, or ≤25% by weight, or ≤20% by weight, or ≤18% by weight, or ≤16% by weight, or ≤14% by weight.

[0103] U] The composition according to any one of A]-T] above, wherein the hydrogenated hydrocarbon tackifier (component c) has a temperature of ≥80°C, or ≥85°C, or ≥90°C, or ≥92°C, or 95°C, or ≥98°C, or ≥100°C, or ≥102°C. and / or Softening point (ring and ball method) of ≤120℃, or ≤115℃, or ≤110℃, or ≤108℃, or ≤106℃, or ≤104℃ (ETM 22-24).

[0104] V] The composition according to any one of A]-U] above, wherein the hydrogenated hydrocarbon tackifier (component c) has a concentration of ≤2000 mPa·s, or ≤1800 mPa·s, or ≤1600 mPa·s, or ≤1400 mPa·s, or ≤1200 mPa·s, or ≤1000 mPa·s, or ≤950 mPa·s, or ≤900 mPa·s, or ≤850 mPa·s and / orMelt viscosities ≥200 mPa·s, or ≥300 mPa·s, ≥400 mPa·s, or ≥500 mPa·s, or ≥600 mPa·s, or ≥650 mPa·s, or ≥700 mPa·s, or ≥750 mPa·s (160°C, Brookfield).

[0105] W] The composition according to any one of A]-V] above, wherein, based on the weight of the composition, the composition comprises ≥5.0% by weight, or ≥10% by weight, or ≥15% by weight, or ≥20% by weight, or ≥22% by weight, or ≥24% by weight, or ≥26% by weight, or ≥28% by weight. and / or Component c is ≤60% by weight, or ≤55% by weight, or ≤50% by weight, or ≤45% by weight, or ≤40% by weight, or ≤38% by weight, or ≤36% by weight, or ≤34% by weight, or ≤32% by weight.

[0106] X] The composition according to any one of A]-W] above, wherein the weight ratio of component c to component b is ≥1.0, or ≥1.2, or ≥1.5, or ≥1.8, or ≥2.0, or ≥2.2, or ≥2.5, or ≥2.8. and / or ≤5.0, or ≤4.8, or ≤4.5, or ≤4.2, or ≤4.0, or ≤3.8, or ≤3.5, or ≤3.2.

[0107] Y] The composition according to any one of A]-X] above, wherein, based on the weight of the composition, the composition contains ≥20

[0108] % by weight, or ≥25% by weight, or ≥30% by weight, or ≥32% by weight, or ≥35% by weight, or ≥38% by weight and / or The sum of components b and c, ≤60% by weight, or ≤58% by weight, or ≤55% by weight, or ≤52% by weight, or ≤50% by weight, or ≤48% by weight, or ≤46% by weight, or ≤44% by weight, or ≤42% by weight.

[0109] Z] The composition according to any one of A]-Y] above, wherein the ratio of the softening point of component c to the softening point of component b is ≥0.80, or ≥0.85, or ≥0.90, or ≥0.92, or 0.95, or ≥0.98, or ≥1.00, or ≥1.02. and / or ≤1.30, or ≤1.28, or ≤1.25, or ≤1.22, or ≤1.20, or ≤1.18, or ≤1.15, or ≤1.12, or ≤1.10, or ≤1.08, or ≤1.05.

[0110] A2] The composition according to any one of A]-Z] above, wherein the composition further comprises an ethylene / α-olefin interpolymer as component d.

[0111] B2] The composition according to A2] above, wherein component d has ≥0.855 g / cc, or ≥0.856 g / cc, or ≥0.858 g / cc, or ≥0.860 g / cc, or ≥0.862 g / cc, or ≥0.865 g / cc, or ≥0.868 g / cc, or ≥0.870 g / cc, or ≥0.872 g / cc, or ≥0.873 g / cc and / or ≤0.895g / cc, or ≤0.894g / cc, or ≤0.892g / cc, or ≤0.890g / cc, or ≤0.888g / cc, or ≤0.886g / cc, or ≤0.884g / cc, or ≤0.882g / cc, or ≤0.880g / cc, or ≤0.878g / cc, or ≤0.876g / cc (1cc=1cm) 3 The density of ).

[0112] C2] The composition according to A2] or B2] above, wherein component d has a strength of ≥5,000 mPa·s, or ≥6,000 mPa·s, or ≥8,000 mPa·s, or ≥10,000 mPa·s, or ≥12,000 mPa·s, or ≥14,000 mPa·s, or ≥15,000 mPa·s, or ≥16,000 mPa·s. and / or Melt viscosity (177°C) ≤50,000 mPa·s, or ≤45,000 mPa·s, or ≤40,000 mPa·s, or ≤35,000 mPa·s, or ≤30,000 mPa·s, or ≤28,000 mPa·s, or ≤26,000 mPa·s, or ≤24,000 mPa·s, or ≤22,000 mPa·s, or ≤20,000 mPa·s, or ≤18,000 mPa·s.

[0113] D2] The composition according to any one of A2]-C2] above, wherein component d has a concentration of ≥200 dg / min, or ≥300 dg / min, or ≥400 dg / min, or ≥500 dg / min, or ≥550 dg / min, or ≥600 dg / min. and / or Melt index (I2) ≤2,000 dg / min, or ≤1,800 dg / min, or ≤1,600 dg / min, or ≤1,400 dg / min, or ≤1,200 dg / min, or ≤1,000 dg / min.

[0114] E2] The composition according to any one of A2]-D2] above, wherein component d has a temperature of ≥40°C, or ≥45°C, or ≥50°C, or ≥52°C, or ≥54°C, or ≥56°C, or ≥58°C, or ≥60°C, or ≥62°C, or ≥64°C, or ≥66°C, or ≥68°C. and / or Melting point (Tm) ≤100℃, or ≤90℃, or ≤85℃, or ≤80℃, or ≤78℃, or ≤76℃, or ≤74℃, or ≤72℃, or ≤71℃.

[0115] F2] The composition according to any one of A2]-E2] above, wherein component d has a temperature of ≥-70°C, or ≥-68°C, or ≥-66°C, or ≥-64°C, or ≥-62°C, or ≥

[0116] -60℃ or ≥-58℃ and / or ≤-40℃, ≤-45℃, ≤-48℃, ≤-50℃, or ≤-52℃, or ≤

[0117] Glass transition temperature (Tg) of -54℃ or ≤-56℃.

[0118] G2] The composition according to any one of A2]-F2] above, wherein component d has a content of ≥10%, or ≥12%, or ≥14%, or ≥16%, or ≥18%. and / or Crystallinity percentage ≤50%, or ≤45%, ≤40%, or ≤35%, or ≤30%, or ≤28%, or ≤26%, or ≤24%, or ≤22%.

[0119] H2] The composition according to any one of A2]-G2] above, wherein component d has a concentration of ≥1.2, or ≥1.4, or ≥1.6, or ≥1.8, or ≥2.0. and / or Molecular weight distribution (MWD) ≤5.0, or ≤4.0, or ≤3.5, or ≤3.0, or ≤2.8, or ≤2.6, or ≤2.4, or ≤2.3.

[0120] I2] The composition according to any one of A2] to H2] above, wherein component d is an ethylene / α-olefin copolymer.

[0121] J2] The composition according to any one of A2]-I2] above, wherein, for component d, the α-olefin is a C3-C20 α-olefin, and further is a C3-C10 α-olefin, and further selected from propylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene or 1-octene, and further is propylene, 1-butene, 1-hexene or 1-octene, and further is propylene, 1-butene or 1-octene, and further is 1-butene or 1-octene, and further is 1-octene.

[0122] [K2] The composition according to any one of [A2]-J2] above, wherein the weight ratio of component d to component a is ≥1.0, or ≥1.5, or ≥2.0, or ≥2.5, or ≥3.0, or ≥3.2, or ≥3.5, or ≥3.8. and / or ≤8.0, or ≤7.5, or ≤7.0, or ≤6.5, or ≤6.0, or ≤5.5, or ≤5.0, or ≤4.8, or ≤4.5, or ≤4.2.

[0123] L2] The composition according to any one of A2]-K2] above, wherein, based on the weight of the composition, the composition comprises ≥10% by weight, or ≥15% by weight, or ≥20% by weight, or ≥22% by weight, or ≥25% by weight, or ≥28% by weight, or ≥30% by weight, or ≥31% by weight. and / or Component d ≤60 wt%, or ≤58 wt%, or ≤55 wt%, or ≤52 wt%, or ≤50 wt%, or ≤48 wt%, or ≤45 wt%, or ≤42 wt%, or ≤40 wt%.

[0124] M2] The composition according to any one of A2]-L2] above, wherein, based on the weight of the composition, the composition comprises ≥10% by weight, or ≥15% by weight, or ≥20% by weight, or ≥25% by weight, or ≥30% by weight, or ≥32% by weight, or ≥34% by weight, or ≥36% by weight, or ≥38% by weight, or ≥40% by weight. and / or The sum of component d and component a, ≤80% by weight, or ≤75% by weight, or ≤70% by weight, or ≤65% by weight, or ≤60% by weight, or ≤55% by weight, or ≤50% by weight, or ≤48% by weight, or ≤45% by weight.

[0125] [N2] The composition according to any one of [A2]-M2] above, wherein the ratio of the density of component d to the density of component a is ≥0.80, or ≥0.82, or ≥0.85, or ≥0.88, or 0.90, or ≥0.92, or ≥0.95. and / or ≤1.20, or ≤1.15, or ≤1.10, or ≤1.08, or ≤1.05, or ≤1.02, or ≤1.00.

[0126] [O2] In the composition according to any one of [A2]-N2] above, the ratio of the melt viscosity (177°C) of component d to the melt viscosity (177°C) of component a is ≥0.90°C or ≥0.95, or ≥1.00, or ≥1.05, or 1.10, or ≥1.15, or ≥1.20, or ≥1.25, or ≥1.30. and / or≤2.00, or ≤1.90, or ≤1.80, or ≤1.70, or ≤1.60, or ≤1.50, or ≤1.45, or ≤1.35.

[0127] [P2] In the composition according to any one of A2]-O2] above, the ratio of the melting point (Tm) of component d to the melting point (Tm) of component a is ≥0.80, or ≥0.82, or ≥0.85, or ≥0.88, or 0.90, or ≥0.92, or ≥0.95, or ≥0.98. and / or ≤1.20, or ≤1.15, or ≤1.10, or ≤1.08, or ≤1.05, or ≤1.02, or ≤1.00.

[0128] Q2] In the composition according to any one of A2]-P2] above, the ratio of the MWD of component d to the MWD of component a is ≥0.80, or ≥0.82, or ≥0.85, or ≥0.88, or 0.90, or ≥0.92, or ≥0.95, or ≥0.98. and / or ≤1.20, or ≤1.15, or ≤1.10, or ≤1.08, or ≤1.05, or ≤1.02, or ≤1.00.

[0129] R2] The composition according to any one of A]-Q2] above, wherein the composition further comprises wax as component e.

[0130] S2] The composition according to R2] above, wherein the wax (component e) has ≥0.920 g / cc, or ≥0.925 g / cc, or ≥0.930 g / cc, or ≥0.932 g / cc, or ≥0.935 g / cc, or ≥0.938 g / cc, or ≥0.940 g / cc, or ≥0.942 g / cc and / or ≤0.960g / cc, or ≤0.958g / cc, or ≤0.955g / cc, or ≤0.952g / cc, or ≤0.950g / cc, or ≤0.948g / cc, or ≤0.946g / cc (1cc=1cm) 3 The density of ).

[0131] [T2] ​​The composition according to [R2] or [S2] above, wherein the wax (component e) has a strength of ≥2.0 mPa·s, or ≥3.0 mPa·s, or ≥4.0 mPa·s, or ≥5.0 mPa·s, or ≥6.0 mPa·s. and / or Melt viscosities ≤20 mPa·s, ≤18 mPa·s, ≤15 mPa·s, ≤12 mPa·s, or ≤10 mPa·s (135°C, Brookfield).

[0132] U2] The composition according to any one of R2] to T2] above, wherein the wax (component e) is an ethylene polymer.

[0133] V2] The composition according to any one of R2]-U2] above, wherein, based on the weight of the composition, the composition comprises ≥5.0% by weight, or ≥10% by weight, or ≥12% by weight, or ≥14% by weight, or ≥16% by weight, or ≥18% by weight, or ≥19% by weight. and / or Component e ≤50% by weight, or ≤48% by weight, or ≤45% by weight, or ≤42% by weight, or ≤40% by weight, or ≤38% by weight, or ≤35% by weight, or ≤32% by weight, or ≤30% by weight, or ≤28% by weight, or ≤25% by weight.

[0134] W2] The composition according to any one of A]-V2] above, wherein the composition further comprises at least one additive as component f, and further comprises at least one antioxidant.

[0135] [X2] According to the composition described above [W2], the composition comprises, based on the weight of the composition, ≥0.05% by weight, or ≥0.10% by weight, or ≥0.20% by weight, or ≥0.30% by weight, or ≥0.40% by weight, or ≥0.50% by weight. and / or Component f in amounts of ≤2.0 wt%, or ≤1.8 wt%, or ≤1.5 wt%, or ≤1.2 wt%, or ≤1.0 wt%, or ≤0.90 wt%, or ≤0.80 wt%, or ≤0.70 wt%, or ≤0.60 wt%.

[0136] Y2] The composition according to any one of A]-X2] above, wherein, based on the weight of the composition, the composition comprises ≥10% by weight, or ≥15% by weight, or ≥20% by weight, or ≥25% by weight, or ≥30% by weight, or ≥32% by weight, or ≥34% by weight, or ≥36% by weight, or ≥38% by weight, or ≥40% by weight, or ≥42% by weight, or ≥45% by weight. and / or The sum of components a, b, and c, ≤80% by weight, or ≤70% by weight, or ≤60% by weight, or ≤58% by weight, or ≤56% by weight, or ≤54% by weight, or ≤52% by weight, or ≤50% by weight, or ≤49% by weight.

[0137] Z2] The composition according to any one of A2]-Y2] above, wherein, based on the weight of the composition, the composition comprises ≥50% by weight, or ≥52% by weight, or ≥55% by weight, or ≥58% by weight, or ≥60% by weight, or ≥62% by weight, or ≥65% by weight, or ≥68% by weight, or ≥70% by weight, or ≥72% by weight, or ≥75% by weight, or ≥78% by weight. and / or The sum of components a, b, c and d, ≤90% by weight, or ≤88% by weight, or ≤86% by weight, or ≤84% by weight, or ≤82% by weight, or ≤81% by weight.

[0138] A3] The composition according to any one of R2]-Z2] above, wherein, based on the weight of the composition, the composition comprises ≥80.0% by weight, or ≥82.0% by weight, or ≥85.0% by weight, or ≥88.0% by weight, or ≥90.0% by weight, or ≥92.0% by weight, or ≥95.0% by weight, or ≥98.0% by weight. and / or The sum of components a, b, c, d, and e, which are ≤100% by weight or ≤99.5% by weight.

[0139] B3] The composition according to any one of W2]-A3] above, wherein, based on the weight of the composition, the composition comprises ≥85.0% by weight, or ≥88.0% by weight, or ≥90.0% by weight, or ≥92.0% by weight, or ≥94.0% by weight, or ≥96.0% by weight, or ≥98.0% by weight, or ≥99.0% by weight. and / or The sum of components a, b, c, d, e, and f, each ≤100% by weight.

[0140] C3] The composition according to any one of A]-B3] above, wherein the weight ratio of component a to component b is ≥0.50, or ≥0.55, or ≥0.60, or ≥0.65, or ≥0.70, or ≥0.72, or ≥0.75, or ≥0.78. and / or ≤2.00, or ≤1.80, or ≤1.50, or ≤1.20, or ≤1.10, or ≤1.00, or ≤0.90, or ≤0.85.

[0141] D3] The composition according to any one of A]-C3] above, wherein the composition further comprises a polymer that is different from component a in one or more characteristics, such as monomer type, monomer distribution, melt viscosity (177°C), density or any combination thereof.

[0142] E3] The composition according to any one of A]-D3] above, wherein the composition has ≤8000 mPa·s, or ≤6000 mPa·s, or ≤5000 mPa·s, or ≤4000 mPa·s, or ≤3500 mPa·s, or ≤3000 mPa·s, or ≤2500 mPa·s, or ≤2000 mPa·s, or ≤1500 mPa·s and / or Viscosities of ≥500 mPa·s, or ≥600 mPa·s, or ≥700 mPa·s, or ≥800 mPa·s, or ≥900 mPa·s, or ≥1000 mPa·s (177°C, Brookfield).

[0143] F3] The composition according to any one of A]-E3] above, wherein the composition has a content of ≥60%, or ≥65%, or ≥70%, or ≥75%, or ≥80%. and / or ≤100% fiber tearing at -20℃.

[0144] G3] The composition according to any one of A]-F3] above, wherein the composition has ≥80%, or ≥85%, or ≥90%, or ≥95% and / or ≤100% fiber tearing at 0℃.

[0145] H3] The composition according to any one of A]-G3] above, wherein the composition has ≥80%, or ≥85%, or ≥90%, or ≥95% and / or ≤100% fiber tearing at 23°C.

[0146] I3] The composition according to any one of A]-H3] above, wherein the composition has ≥80%, or ≥85%, or ≥90%, or ≥95% and / or ≤100% fiber tearing at 60℃.

[0147] J3] The composition according to any one of A]-I3] above, wherein, based on the weight of the composition, the composition contains ≤

[0148] The composition contains 5.0% by weight, or ≤2.0% by weight, or ≤1.0% by weight, or ≤0.5% by weight, or ≤0.2% by weight, or ≤0.1% by weight, or ≤0.05% by weight of a curing catalyst; and further, the composition does not contain a curing catalyst.

[0149] [K3] The composition according to any one of [A]-J3] above, wherein, based on the weight of the composition, the composition contains ≤1.00% by weight, or ≤0.50% by weight, or ≤0.20% by weight, or ≤0.10% by weight, or ≤0.05% by weight, or ≤0.02% by weight, or ≤0.01% by weight of a boron-based curing catalyst; and further, the composition does not contain a boron-based curing catalyst. A boron-based curing catalyst is a compound containing boron and is used to promote crosslinking reactions. Examples of boron-based catalysts include phenylboronic acid, 4-methylphenylboronic acid, 4-methoxyphenylboronic acid, 4-trifluoromethoxyphenylboronic acid, 4-tert-butoxyphenylboronic acid, 3-fluoro-4-methoxyphenylboronic acid, pyridine-triphenylborane, 2-ethyl-4-methyl-imidazolium tetraphenylborate, and 1,8-diazabicyclo-[5.4.0]undecene-7-tetraphenylborate.

[0150] L3] The composition according to any one of A]-K3] above, wherein, based on the weight of the composition, the composition contains ≤1.00 wt%, or ≤0.50 wt%, or ≤0.20 wt%, or ≤0.10 wt%, or ≤0.05 wt%, or ≤0.02 wt%, or ≤0.01 wt% of a phosphine-based curing catalyst; and further, the composition does not contain a phosphine-based curing catalyst. A phosphine-based curing catalyst is a phosphorus-containing compound that is used to promote crosslinking reactions. Examples of phosphine catalysts include triphenylphosphine; tri-o-tolylphosphine; tri-m-tolylphosphine; tri-p-tolylphosphine; tri-2,4-dimethylphosphine; tri-2,5-dimethylphosphine; tri-3,5-dimethylphosphine; tribenzylphosphine; tri(p-methoxyphenyl)phosphine; tri(p-tert-butoxyphenyl)phosphine; diphenylcyclohexylphosphine; tricyclohexylphosphine; tributylphosphine; tri-tert-butylphosphine; tri-n-octylphosphine; diphenylphosphinostyrene; diphenylphosphine chloride; tri-n-octylphosphine oxide; diphenylphosphino Hydroquinone; tetrabutylphosphonium hydroxide; tetrabutylphosphonium acetate; benzyltriphenylphosphonium hexafluoroantimonyate; p-tolyltriphenyl-tetra-p-tolylboronic acid phosphonium; triphenylphosphine triphenylborane; 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane; 1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane; 1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)butane; 1,5-bis(diphenylphosphino)pentane; tetraphenylphosphonium tetraphenylboronic acid; tetra-p-tolylboronic acid; benzyltriphenylphosphonium tetraphenylboronic acid and tetraphenylphosphonium tetrafluoroboronic acid.

[0151] M3] The composition according to any one of A]-L3] above, wherein, based on the weight of the composition, the composition comprises ≤1.00 wt%, or ≤0.50 wt%, or ≤0.20 wt%, or ≤0.10 wt%, or ≤0.05 wt%, or ≤0.02 wt%, or ≤0.01 wt% of an imidazole curing catalyst; and further, the composition does not contain an imidazole curing catalyst. An imidazole curing catalyst is a compound containing imidazole and is used to promote a crosslinking reaction.

[0152] [N3] The composition according to any one of [A]-M3] above, wherein, based on the weight of the composition, the composition comprises ≤1.0% by weight, or ≤0.50% by weight, or ≤0.20% by weight, or ≤0.10% by weight, or ≤0.05% by weight, or ≤0.02% by weight, or ≤0.01% by weight of an epoxy compound; and further, the composition does not contain an epoxy compound, which is a compound containing an epoxy group.

[0153] O3] The composition according to any one of A]-N3] above, wherein, based on the weight of the composition, the composition comprises ≤1.0 wt%, or ≤0.50 wt%, or ≤0.20 wt%, or ≤0.10 wt%, or ≤0.05 wt%, or ≤0.02 wt%, or ≤0.01 wt% of an epoxy silane compound; and further, the composition does not contain an epoxy silane compound, which is a compound comprising an epoxy group and a silane group.

[0154] [P3] The composition according to any one of A]-O3] above, wherein, based on the weight of the composition, the composition contains ≤1.0 wt%, or ≤0.50 wt%, or ≤0.20 wt%, or ≤0.10 wt%, or ≤0.05 wt%, or ≤0.02 wt%, or ≤0.01 wt% of a silane coupling agent; and further, the composition does not contain a silane coupling agent, which is a compound containing a silane group and is used to bond organic materials to inorganic materials.

[0155] Q3] The composition according to any one of A]-P3] above, wherein the composition comprises an anhydride and / or carboxylic acid functionalized ethylene / α-olefin interpolymer that are different from component a in one or more characteristics, such as monomer type, monomer distribution, amount of monomer type, melt viscosity (177°C), density, Mw, Mn, MWD or any combination thereof.

[0156] R3] The composition according to any one of A2]-Q3] above, wherein the α-olefin of component d is the same as the α-olefin of component a.

[0157] S3] The composition according to any one of A]-R3] above, wherein the composition has a melt viscosity of ≤2000 mPa·s after 24 hours at 23°C.

[0158] T3] The composition according to any one of A]-S3] above, wherein the composition is an adhesive, and further is a hot melt adhesive or a pressure-sensitive adhesive, and further is a hot melt adhesive.

[0159] U3] The composition according to any one of A]-T3] above, wherein component c is a fully hydrogenated hydrocarbon thickener.

[0160] V3] The composition according to any one of A]-T3] above, wherein component c is a partially hydrogenated hydrocarbon thickener.

[0161] W3] The composition according to any one of A]-V3] above, wherein, based on the weight of the composition, the composition comprises ≤1.0 wt%, or ≤0.50 wt%, or ≤0.20 wt%, or ≤0.10 wt%, or ≤0.05 wt%, or ≤0.02 wt%, or ≤0.01 wt% of an epoxy polymer; and further, the composition does not contain an epoxy polymer, which is a polymer containing one or more epoxy groups.

[0162] [X3] The composition according to any one of A]-W3] above, wherein, based on the weight of the composition, the composition comprises ≤1.0 wt%, or ≤0.50 wt%, or ≤0.20 wt%, or ≤0.10 wt%, or ≤0.05 wt%, or ≤0.02 wt%, or ≤0.01 wt% of an epoxy silane polymer; and further, the composition does not contain an epoxy silane polymer, which is a polymer comprising one or more epoxy groups and one or more silane groups.

[0163] A4] An article comprising at least one component formed from any one of the compositions described in A]-X3 above.

[0164] B4] The article according to A4 above, wherein the composition bonds the two surfaces of the article together.

[0165] C4] The article described in A4] or B4] above, wherein the article is furniture, a book or a container; and further, it is a container.

[0166] D4] An article according to any one of A4]-C4] above, wherein the article comprises a substrate containing a propylene polymer.

[0167] E4] The product according to D4 above, wherein the substrate is BOPP film laminated corrugated cardboard.

[0168] F4] The article according to D4] or E4] above, wherein, based on the weight of the substrate, the substrate comprises ≥10% by weight, or ≥20% by weight, or ≥30% by weight, or ≥40% by weight, or ≥50% by weight, or ≥60% by weight, or ≥70% by weight. and / or ≤100% by weight, or ≤90% by weight, or ≤80% by weight of propylene polymers.

[0169] A5] A method of forming an adhesive, the method comprising mixing a composition according to any one of A]-X3 above.

[0170] [B5] According to the method described in A5 above, the mixing is carried out at the following temperatures: ≥100°C, or ≥110°C, or ≥120°C, or ≥130°C, or ≥140°C, or ≥150°C, or ≥160°C, or ≥165°C, or ≥170°C, or ≥175°C. and / or ≤200℃, or ≤195℃, or ≤190℃, or ≤185℃, or ≤180℃.

[0171] C5] According to the method described in A5] or B5] above, the adhesive is a hot melt adhesive or a pressure-sensitive adhesive, and further, it is a hot melt adhesive.

[0172] Test methods

[0173] Melt viscosity (polymer or composition)

[0174] Melt viscosity was measured according to ASTM D 3236 (177°C) using a Brookfield Digital Viscometer (Model DV-III, Version 3) and a disposable aluminum sample chamber. The spindle was an SC-31 thermoplastic spindle, suitable for measuring viscosities ranging from 10 centipoise (cP) to 100,000 cP. The sample (polymer or composition) was poured into the chamber, which was then inserted into the Brookfield Thermosel and locked in place. The sample chamber has a notch at the bottom that mates with the bottom of the Brookfield Thermosel to ensure that the chamber does not rotate when the spindle is inserted and rotated. The sample (approximately 9.5 g of polymer or composition) was then heated to the desired temperature until the molten sample was about one inch below the top of the sample chamber. The viscometer was lowered so that the spindle was submerged in the sample chamber. Lowering continued until the support on the viscometer was aligned with the heater. Turn on the viscometer and set it to operate at a shear rate based on the viscometer's rpm output such that the torque reading is in the range of 40 to 60 percent of the total torque capacity. Take a reading every minute for approximately 15 minutes, or until the value stabilizes and record the final reading. This method can also be used to measure the viscosity of thickeners (at 160°C) or waxes (at 135°C).

[0175] HMA fiber tearing

[0176] The fiber tear (FT) was measured as a function of temperature using a BOPP film laminated onto corrugated cardboard as a substrate. The adhesive composition was heated to 177°C and applied to pre-cut strips of substrate with the following dimensions: “1.0 inch × 1.2 inch (25 mm × approximately 30 mm)” or “1.0 inch × 1.0 inch (25 mm × 25 mm)”. The adhesive was applied lengthwise to form a strip approximately 0.2 inches (5 mm) wide (located in the middle of the strip) and smoothed with a scraper. The adhesive bead weight was approximately 2 g / m. A second strip was then applied over two seconds, with moderate pressure applied by hand and held for five seconds to laminate and form the test sample. The bonded area was “0.2 inch × 1 inch”, and the bonded area was located in the middle of the strip.

[0177] Each prepared test sample was conditioned at room temperature for 24 hours, and then conditioned at the test temperature (-20°C, 0°C, 23°C, or 60°C) for at least 24 hours. Each test sample was then pulled apart at the conditioned test temperature. Immediately after the conditioning period, each bond was tested. The blade of a scraper was inserted below one corner, and the corner of one of the strips was folded over to tear the bond. The bond was then placed on a horizontal surface with the folded side facing up. The laminate was kept as close as possible to a heat or cooling source to maintain the conditioning temperature, and the fold was manually pulled as quickly as possible at an angle of approximately 45 to 90 degrees relative to the longitudinal axis of each test sample to tear the adhesive bond. The percentage of torn fibers (or fiber tear (FT)) within the bonded area was estimated visually. For each composition, the FT test was repeated for five test samples at each test temperature. The average FT of the five samples was recorded.

[0178] Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)

[0179] Tm, Tc, Tg, and crystallinity in ethylene-based (PE) and propylene-based (PP) samples were measured using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) as discussed below. Each sample (0.5 g) was compressed and molded into a film at 25000 psi and 190 °C for 10–15 seconds. Approximately 5–8 mg of the film sample was weighed and placed in a DSC pan. The lid was screwed onto the pan to ensure a sealed atmosphere. The sample pan was placed in the DSC chamber, and subsequently, the sample was heated to 180 °C for PE (to 230 °C for PP) at a rate of approximately 10 °C / min. The sample was held at this temperature for three minutes. The sample was then cooled to -90 °C for PE (-60 °C for PP) at a rate of 10 °C / min and held isothermally at this temperature for three minutes. The sample was then heated again at a rate of 10 °C / min until completely melted (second heating). Unless otherwise stated, the melting point (Tm) and glass transition temperature (Tg) of each polymer sample are determined by the second heating curve, and the crystallization temperature (Tc) is determined by the first cooling curve. Record the corresponding peak temperatures of Tg and Tm. The percentage of crystallinity can be calculated by dividing the heat of fusion (Hf) determined by the second heating curve by the theoretical heat of fusion of 292 J / g for PE (165 J / g for PP) and multiplying this amount by 100 (e.g., crystallinity % = (Hf / 292 J / g) × 100 (for PE)).

[0180] density

[0181] The density of the polymer was measured by preparing a polymer sample according to ASTM D 1928 and then measuring the density within one hour of sample pressing according to ASTM D792 Method B.

[0182] Gel permeation chromatography - ethylene-based polymers

[0183] The chromatographic system consisted of a PolymerChar GPC-IR (Valencia, Spain) high-temperature GPC chromatograph equipped with an internal infrared detector (IR5). The autosampler chamber was set to 160°C and the column chamber to 150°C. The columns were four Agilent "Mixed A" 30cm 20µm linear mixed-bed columns. The chromatographic solvent was 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene containing 200 ppm butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). The solvent source was bubbled with nitrogen. The injection volume was 200 μL and the flow rate was 1.0 mL / min.

[0184] The calibration of the GPC column set was performed using 21 narrow molecular weight distribution polystyrene standards ranging from 580 g / mol to 8,400,000 g / mol, arranged in a six-cocktail mixture with individual molecular weights spaced at least ten times apart. These standards were purchased from Agilent Technologies. For molecular weights equal to or greater than 1,000,000, 0.025 g of polystyrene standard was prepared in 50 mL of solvent, and for molecular weights less than 1,000,000, 0.05 g of polystyrene standard was prepared in 50 mL of solvent. The polystyrene standards were dissolved at 80 °C for 30 minutes with gentle stirring. The peak molecular weights of the polystyrene standards were converted to polyethylene molecular weights using Formula 1 (e.g., Williams and Ward, J. Polym.Sci., Polym.Let., 6, 621 (1968)).

[0185] (EQ1), where M is the molecular weight, A has a value of 0.4315, and B equals 1.0.

[0186] A fifth-order polynomial was used to fit the calibration point for the corresponding polyethylene equivalent. A small adjustment to A (approximately 0.375 to 0.445) was made to correct for column resolution and band broadening effects, resulting in linear homopolymer polyethylene standards at 120,000 Mw.

[0187] Total plate counts were performed on the GPC column assembly using decane ("prepared as 0.04 g in 50 mL TCB" and dissolved under slow stirring for 20 min). Plate counts and symmetry were measured using 200 μL injections according to the following formulas (Formula 2) and (Formula 3):

[0188] (EQ 2), where RV is the retention volume in milliliters, peak width is in milliliters, peak maximum is the peak maximum height, and ½ height is half the peak maximum height; and

[0189] (EQ 3), where RV is the retention volume in milliliters, peak width is in milliliters, peak maximum is the position of the peak at its maximum, one-tenth height is 1 / 10 of the peak maximum height, and a subsequent peak refers to the tail of a peak whose retention volume is later than the peak maximum, while a preceding peak refers to the front of a peak whose retention volume is earlier than the peak maximum. The plate count of the chromatographic system should be greater than 18,000, and the symmetry should be between 0.98 and 1.22.

[0190] Samples were prepared semi-automatically using PolymerChar Instrument Control software, with a target sample weight set at 2 mg / ml. Solvent (containing 200 ppm BHT) was added to a pre-bubbled, diaphragm-capped vial via a PolymerChar high-temperature autosampler. The sample was dissolved at 160°C for two hours with low-speed shaking.

[0191] Based on the GPC results, using the internal IR5 detector (measurement channel) of the PolymerChar GPC-IR chromatograph, according to Equations 4 to 6, the PolymerChar GPCOne was used. ™ The software calculates Mn(GPC), Mw(GPC), and Mz(GPC) based on the baseline-subtracted IR chromatograms at each equidistant data collection point (i) and the polyethylene equivalent molecular weight obtained from the narrow standard calibration curve at point (i) according to Formula 1. Formulas 4-6 are as follows:

[0192] (EQ 4)

[0193] (EQ 5) and

[0194] (EQ 6).

[0195] To monitor deviations over time, a flow marker (decane) was introduced into each sample via a micropump controlled by a PolymerChar GPC-IR system. This flow marker (FM) was used to linearly correct the pump flow rate (nominal flow rate) for each sample by comparing the RV (RV(FM sample)) of the corresponding decane peak within the sample with the RV (RV(FM calibrated)) of the alkyl peak within the narrow standard calibration. It was then assumed that any variation in the decane marker peak time was linearly related to the flow rate (effective flow rate) throughout the run. To facilitate the highest accuracy in RV measurement of the flow marker peak, a least-squares fitting procedure was used to fit the peak values ​​of the flow marker concentration chromatogram to a quadratic formula. The first derivative of the quadratic formula was then used to solve for the true peak position. After the system was calibrated based on the flow marker peak, the effective flow rate (relative to the narrow standard calibration) was calculated according to Equation 7: Effective Flow Rate = Nominal Flow Rate * (RV(FM calibrated) / RV(FM sample)) (Equation 7). Processing of the flow marker peaks was performed via PolymerChar GPCOne. ™ The software is complete. Acceptable traffic correction ensures that effective traffic is within + / - 0.7% of the nominal traffic.

[0196] Melt index

[0197] Melt index (I2) of ethylene polymers is measured according to ASTM D-1238 at 190°C / 2.16 kg, unless otherwise specified. Melt flow rate (MFR) of propylene polymers is measured according to ASTM D-1238 at 230°C / 2.16 kg.

[0198] experiment

[0199] reagents and polymers

[0200] The reagents and polymers are shown in Table 1.

[0201]

[0202] Composition and results

[0203] The adhesive compositions are shown in Table 2.

[0204]

[0205] Preparation of the composition

[0206] For each composition, the components were weighed into a stainless steel container and preheated in an oven at 177°C for one hour. The components in the container were then mixed in a heating block at 177°C for 30 minutes using a Paravisc-type mixer head at 100 RPM. Fiber tear (FT) of each composition was measured at -20°C, 0°C, 23°C, and 60°C. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0207]

[0208] As can be seen in Table 3, the composition of the present invention (Example 1) has significantly higher FT values ​​at -20°C, 0°C, 23°C and 60°C compared with comparative compositions CS.1, CS.2, CS.3 and CS.4.

Claims

1. A composition comprising at least the following components a to c: a) Anhydride and / or carboxylic acid functionalized ethylene / α-olefin interpolymers, which have the following properties: i) Melt viscosity (177°C) less than or equal to 50,000 mPa·s; and ii) Density ranging from 0.855 g / cc to 0.895 g / cc; b) Silane-functionalized hydrocarbon thickeners; c) Hydrogenated hydrocarbon thickeners.

2. The composition according to claim 1, wherein component a has a melting point (Tm) of 40°C to 100°C.

3. The composition according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the hydrogenated hydrocarbon thickener (component c) has a melt viscosity of 200 mPa·s to 2000 mPa·s (160°C, Brookfield).

4. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the weight ratio of component c to component b is 1.0 to 5.

0.

5. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the composition further comprises an ethylene / α-olefin interpolymer as component d.

6. The composition according to claim 5, wherein component d has a density of 0.855 g / cc to 0.895 g / cc.

7. The composition according to claim 5 or claim 6 above, wherein component d has a melt viscosity (177°C) of 5,000 mPa·s to 50,000 mPa·s.

8. The composition according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein component d has a melting point (Tm) of 40°C to 100°C.

9. The composition according to any one of claims 5 to 8, wherein component d is an ethylene / α-olefin copolymer.

10. The composition according to any one of claims 5 to 9, wherein the weight ratio of component d to component a is 1.0 to 8.

0.

11. The composition according to any one of claims 5 to 10, wherein the density ratio of component d to component a is 0.80 to 1.

20.

12. The composition according to any one of claims 5 to 11, wherein the ratio of the melt viscosity (177°C) of component d to the melt viscosity (177°C) of component a is 0.90 to 2.

00.

13. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein, based on the weight of the composition, the composition comprises from 10% by weight to 80% by weight of the sum of component a, component b and component c.

14. The composition according to any one of claims 5 to 13, wherein, based on the weight of the composition, the composition comprises 50% to 90% by weight of the sum of component a, component b, component c and component d.

15. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the weight ratio of component a to component b is 0.50 to 2.

00.

16. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the composition has 60% to 100% fiber tear rate at -20°C.

17. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the composition has 80% to 100% fiber tear rate at 60°C.

18. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein the composition is an adhesive.

19. An article comprising at least one component formed from the composition according to any one of claims 1 to 18.

20. A method of forming an adhesive, the method comprising mixing a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 18.

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